Igihe cyose sisitemu yawe ikuze, traffic yiyongera, abakoresha benshi kandi benshi bakoresha ibicuruzwa byawe, seriveri itangira gusubiza buhoro, igihe cyo hasi gihatira ubucuruzi bwawe kubabara noneho utangira gutekereza kubipimo.  Hariho ingamba ebyiri zibanze zo gupima - guhagarikwa no gutambuka.    kigamije kongera imbaraga za sisitemu wongeyeho ubusanzwe CPU, na RAM kuri seriveri yawe. Igipimo gihagaritse  Ibinyuranyo,   byibanda ku kwigana (cyangwa gukoroniza) seriveri yawe muri pisine yumutungo. ibipimo bitambitse   Ibindi kuri ibi:  Igipimo gihagaritse  Gupima guhagaritse nuburyo bwiza kuri sisitemu yo mu muhanda muto kuko nuburyo bworoshye bwo gukemura ibibazo bitarinze kumenyekanisha ibintu bigoye. Ntugomba kwita kubijyanye no gukoresha ingamba zitsinda ryumutungo, ubworoherane bwibikoresho bya pisine, ubwenegihugu bwa seriveri yawe, cache yatanzwe, nibindi.   Ariko, gupima guhagaritse bifite inenge zikomeye  Imipaka ntarengwa kuva bidashoboka bitarondoreka kongera ibikoresho  Kubura kunanirwa no kurengerwa byongera ibyago byo kumara igihe kinini cyo gutakaza no gutakaza amakuru  Igipimo cya horizontal    bikuraho ibyo bibazo ukoresheje cloneri ya seriveri yawe hanyuma ugashyiramo ibice nka   . Ibipimo bitambitse Load balancer    ukwirakwiza traffic kuri seriveri yawe ukoresheje   nka: Umutwaro uringaniza algorithm yihariye   Round-robin   Uburemere bwa robin  IP hash  Uburyo bwo guhuza byibuze  Uburemere buke uburyo bwo guhuza  Uburyo bwo gusubiza byibuze,  nibindi byinshi.   Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ifite ibibi byinshi:  Seriveri igomba kuba idafite ubwenegihugu  Amasomo agomba gutsimbarara mububiko bwibanze  Biragoye  birashobora gusabwa   gukoresha ingamba  Umutwaro uringaniza urashobora guhinduka imikorere idahwitse kandi ibikoresho ntibihagije  Itangiza ibintu bigoye kuri sisitemu kandi ihagaze nkibishobora kuba ingingo imwe yo gutsindwa, bisaba gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zo gutsindwa  L4 / L7 Kuringaniza imizigo  Kubikoresho bibiri kuri enterineti kugirango bivugane, sisitemu yibanze igomba gukurikiza protocole yihariye. Abantu bose bumvise ibijyanye na moderi ya OSI, isobanura ibice birindwi sisitemu ya mudasobwa ikoresha kugirango ivugane kumurongo. Nubwo interineti igezweho ishingiye ku buryo bworoshye bwa TCP / IP protocole stack stack, moderi ya OSI ikoreshwa cyane, kuko ifasha kwiyumvisha no kumenyekanisha uburyo imiyoboro ikora kandi ifasha gutandukanya no gukemura ibibazo byurusobe.  Inganda nyinshi zipima kuringaniza ibisubizo zikoresha amagambo L4 na L7 aho L4 yerekeza murwego rwo gutwara abantu muburyo bwa OSI naho L7 bivuga urwego rusaba.  L4 umutwaro uringaniza uracyari L2 / L3 kuva ikoresha amakuru kuva murwego rwo hasi nka aderesi ya IP numero yicyambu.   Ibyiza byingenzi bya L4 umutwaro uringaniza  Nibyiza cyane kandi birakora kuva ibyatanzwe ntabwo bifatwa muguhitamo inzira  Ihuza rimwe rya TCP rifite hagati yumukiriya na seriveri, rifasha kwirinda kurenga imipaka ihari ya TCP ihari kuri balancer yumutwaro   Ingaruka nyamukuru za L4 umutwaro uringaniza  Inzira zubwenge ntizishoboka kuva ibirimo ntibifungura  Porotokole ya leta izana izindi ngorabahizi  Gushushanya hagati ya aderesi rusange  Nta cashe kuva ibirimo bitaboneka kururu rwego  Ntabwo bishoboka gukoresha kububiko bwa microservices kuva redirection yimodoka itaboneka ukurikije inzira ya url  Kurundi ruhande, L7 umutwaro uringaniza ukora kurwego rwo gusaba muburyo bwa OSI   Ibyiza byingenzi bya L7 umutwaro uringaniza  Ibyemezo byubwenge birashobora gufatwa ukurikije inzira ya URL, imitwe, ibirimo  Cishing   Ingaruka nyamukuru za L7 umutwaro uringaniza  Inyongera hejuru kubera kubungabunga ibice bibiri bya TCP, imwe hagati yumukiriya nu mutwaro uringaniza, iyakabiri hagati yumutwaro uringaniza na seriveri. Na none, umutwaro uringaniza TCP imipaka ntarengwa igomba kwitabwaho  Umutekano muke kuva umutwaro uringaniza ugomba kumenya ibyemezo kugirango ubashe gutobora amakuru no gufata ibyemezo byo kuyobora   Umwanzuro  Kuringaniza imizigo nikintu cyingenzi mugihe igipimo cya horizontal gikoreshwa mugukoresha sisitemu nyinshi. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi buringaniza imitwaro L4 na L7.  L4 umutwaro uringaniza ni umutekano cyane kandi ukora kubera imbogamizi zo gufata ibyemezo byubwenge  L7 umutwaro uringaniza ukora muburyo bwo gutanga ibyemezo byubwenge byubwenge bitewe nigiciro cyimikorere numutekano  Guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye biterwa nibisabwa na sisitemu kandi bigomba gusuzumwa neza hamwe nuburinganire bwuzuye bwo gushyira mu bikorwa amahame yumutekano no gukuraho inzitizi zikorwa.  Byatangajwe  hano.

The is an opinion piece based on the author’s POV and does not necessarily reflect the views of HackerNoon.

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