Kurangiza Umutwaro Uringaniza Primitives

Igihe cyose sisitemu yawe ikuze, traffic yiyongera, abakoresha benshi kandi benshi bakoresha ibicuruzwa byawe, seriveri itangira gusubiza buhoro, igihe cyo hasi gihatira ubucuruzi bwawe kubabara noneho utangira gutekereza kubipimo.

Hariho ingamba ebyiri zibanze zo gupima - guhagarikwa no gutambuka.

Igipimo gihagaritse kigamije kongera imbaraga za sisitemu wongeyeho ubusanzwe CPU, na RAM kuri seriveri yawe.

Ibinyuranyo, ibipimo bitambitse byibanda ku kwigana (cyangwa gukoroniza) seriveri yawe muri pisine yumutungo.

Ibindi kuri ibi:

Igipimo gihagaritse

Gupima guhagaritse nuburyo bwiza kuri sisitemu yo mu muhanda muto kuko nuburyo bworoshye bwo gukemura ibibazo bitarinze kumenyekanisha ibintu bigoye. Ntugomba kwita kubijyanye no gukoresha ingamba zitsinda ryumutungo, ubworoherane bwibikoresho bya pisine, ubwenegihugu bwa seriveri yawe, cache yatanzwe, nibindi.

Ariko, gupima guhagaritse bifite inenge zikomeye

1. Imipaka ntarengwa kuva bidashoboka bitarondoreka kongera ibikoresho
2. Kubura kunanirwa no kurengerwa byongera ibyago byo kumara igihe kinini cyo gutakaza no gutakaza amakuru

Igipimo cya horizontal

Ibipimo bitambitse bikuraho ibyo bibazo ukoresheje cloneri ya seriveri yawe hanyuma ugashyiramo ibice nka Load balancer .

Umutwaro uringaniza ukwirakwiza traffic kuri seriveri yawe ukoresheje algorithm yihariye nka:

1. Round-robin
2. Uburemere bwa robin
3. IP hash
4. Uburyo bwo guhuza byibuze
5. Uburemere buke uburyo bwo guhuza
6. Uburyo bwo gusubiza byibuze, nibindi byinshi.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ifite ibibi byinshi:

1. Seriveri igomba kuba idafite ubwenegihugu
2. Amasomo agomba gutsimbarara mububiko bwibanze
3. Biragoye gukoresha ingamba birashobora gusabwa
4. Umutwaro uringaniza urashobora guhinduka imikorere idahwitse kandi ibikoresho ntibihagije
5. Itangiza ibintu bigoye kuri sisitemu kandi ihagaze nkibishobora kuba ingingo imwe yo gutsindwa, bisaba gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zo gutsindwa

L4 / L7 Kuringaniza imizigo

Kubikoresho bibiri kuri enterineti kugirango bivugane, sisitemu yibanze igomba gukurikiza protocole yihariye. Abantu bose bumvise ibijyanye na moderi ya OSI, isobanura ibice birindwi sisitemu ya mudasobwa ikoresha kugirango ivugane kumurongo. Nubwo interineti igezweho ishingiye ku buryo bworoshye bwa TCP / IP protocole stack stack, moderi ya OSI ikoreshwa cyane, kuko ifasha kwiyumvisha no kumenyekanisha uburyo imiyoboro ikora kandi ifasha gutandukanya no gukemura ibibazo byurusobe.

Inganda nyinshi zipima kuringaniza ibisubizo zikoresha amagambo L4 na L7 aho L4 yerekeza murwego rwo gutwara abantu muburyo bwa OSI naho L7 bivuga urwego rusaba.

L4 umutwaro uringaniza uracyari L2 / L3 kuva ikoresha amakuru kuva murwego rwo hasi nka aderesi ya IP numero yicyambu.

Ibyiza byingenzi bya L4 umutwaro uringaniza

• Nibyiza cyane kandi birakora kuva ibyatanzwe ntabwo bifatwa muguhitamo inzira

• Ihuza rimwe rya TCP rifite hagati yumukiriya na seriveri, rifasha kwirinda kurenga imipaka ihari ya TCP ihari kuri balancer yumutwaro

  
  

Ingaruka nyamukuru za L4 umutwaro uringaniza

• Inzira zubwenge ntizishoboka kuva ibirimo ntibifungura
• Porotokole ya leta izana izindi ngorabahizi
• Gushushanya hagati ya aderesi rusange
• Nta cashe kuva ibirimo bitaboneka kururu rwego
• Ntabwo bishoboka gukoresha kububiko bwa microservices kuva redirection yimodoka itaboneka ukurikije inzira ya url

Kurundi ruhande, L7 umutwaro uringaniza ukora kurwego rwo gusaba muburyo bwa OSI

Ibyiza byingenzi bya L7 umutwaro uringaniza

• Ibyemezo byubwenge birashobora gufatwa ukurikije inzira ya URL, imitwe, ibirimo

• Cishing

  
  

Ingaruka nyamukuru za L7 umutwaro uringaniza

• Inyongera hejuru kubera kubungabunga ibice bibiri bya TCP, imwe hagati yumukiriya nu mutwaro uringaniza, iyakabiri hagati yumutwaro uringaniza na seriveri. Na none, umutwaro uringaniza TCP imipaka ntarengwa igomba kwitabwaho
• Umutekano muke kuva umutwaro uringaniza ugomba kumenya ibyemezo kugirango ubashe gutobora amakuru no gufata ibyemezo byo kuyobora

Umwanzuro

Kuringaniza imizigo nikintu cyingenzi mugihe igipimo cya horizontal gikoreshwa mugukoresha sisitemu nyinshi. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi buringaniza imitwaro L4 na L7.

1. L4 umutwaro uringaniza ni umutekano cyane kandi ukora kubera imbogamizi zo gufata ibyemezo byubwenge

2. L7 umutwaro uringaniza ukora muburyo bwo gutanga ibyemezo byubwenge byubwenge bitewe nigiciro cyimikorere numutekano

   
   

Guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye biterwa nibisabwa na sisitemu kandi bigomba gusuzumwa neza hamwe nuburinganire bwuzuye bwo gushyira mu bikorwa amahame yumutekano no gukuraho inzitizi zikorwa.