Too Long; Didn't Read
Merrill's five guiding principles are as follows:
1. When students are working on real-world challenges, they are more likely to learn.
2. Existing knowledge [and skill] is activated as a basis for new knowledge [and skill] to encourage learning.
3. When new knowledge is demonstrated to the learner, it promotes learning.
4. When a person applies new knowledge, it promotes learning.
5. When new knowledge is integrated into the learner's surroundings, learning is enhanced.