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I think it's a familiar situation when you decide to create a service, write the initial code, package it into a container, launch it in or , and everything works. However, you need to change the code because you plan to actively develop, modify files, add new dependencies, and so on. Manually building or synchronizing files each time is time-consuming. Fortunately, the world is not standing still, and there are already several tools that can help you solve this task. Docker Kubernetes Below, I'll tell you about some of them with examples and code. / configurations are set up for Kubernetes. The simplest way to init a local cluster is using . Go to settings and check the ' ' option, or you can use . Skaffold Tilt Docker Desktop Enable Kubernetes Minikube Docker compose watch Perhaps it's worth starting with the simplest tool and configuration - , which became available starting from . Docker Compose Watch 2.22v Watch can be used to track changes in files and perform one of three actions: - synchronizes changes in the file with the file in the container. Sync - initiates the image-building process and replaces the already running container with a new one. Rebuild - synchronizes changes and restarts the container. Sync + Restart Example: In the example above, you can see a simple Docker Compose configuration, but we are interested in the key. Here, it is specified that if the file changes, a should be triggered to update dependencies and restart the process. However, if something else in the folder changes, the hronization process is initiated. watch web/package.json rebuild web sync The command inside the container will detect these changes and update the service. npm start Running docker compose in watch mode is straightforward, you just need to execute the following command: docker compose watch This simple example demonstrates how easily you can launch a container and synchronize changes on the fly. For more detailed information about this feature, please refer to the official website https://docs.docker.com/compose/file-watch/ Skaffold Next in line is Skaffold, an excellent tool that I've been using for the past two years. It works reliably, has quite extensive functionality, but for the purposes of this article, let's focus on the command. This command automatically tracks changes and synchronizes them in a Kubernetes pod. skaffold dev Example: In the example above, you can see a simple configuration where the path to the Dockerfile and the path to the k8s manifest are specified. In the config, the type chosen is , indicating that we will specify the directory path to synchronize ourselves. In this case, we synchronize changes in the local folder to the folder in the container. sync manual web /app To run in development mode (where changes are tracked and synchronized), execute the following command: skaffold run -f deploy/skaffold.yaml --port-forward=pods These are not all the capabilities of Skaffold; it's a very powerful tool that can be used for both local development and production. For more detailed information, you can read the official documentation at https://skaffold.dev/docs/ Tilt The last but not least tool is , with which I have almost no experience, but and they , which sounds promising. Tilt it has more than 7k stars on github joined Docker Example: This tool has its own file format, and for syntax highlighting in IntelliJ IDEA, you can use this repository: , in the screenshot, you can see three functions: 1. - specify the path to the k8s manifest. 2. - provide the data for the build, and an interesting part is , where you specify what to synchronize and the command to run if a file changes. 3. - here we specify k8s resource name and the port we want to expose. https://github.com/tilt-dev/tiltfile.tmbundle k8s_yaml docker_build live_update k8s_resource Running it is quite simple: tilt up -f deploy/Tiltfile Like with other tools, this is just a simple example of using Tilt, which is capable of much more. You can read more details on the official website: https://docs.tilt.dev/ If you know of other tools that you use or have used, please share in the comments. I'll try to update the post with examples of other tools as much as possible. You can find all the source code here: https://github.com/idsulik/local-dev P.S. If you need a separate utility that tracks changes and synchronizes them into a container pod, I recommend ( ). It can be used in conjunction with Skaffold and more. skasync https://github.com/konrin/skasync Also published . here

Container Development: Tools and Configurations for an Effortless Workflow in Docker and Kubernetes

Welcome! Happy to see you in the seventh part of my Vuejs Amsterdam Conference 2022 summary series, in which I share a summary of all the talks with you. You can read my JSWorld Conference 2022 Summary series (in four parts) , where I summarized all the first day’s talks. You can also find the previous Talks of the Vue Amsterdam conference 2022 in my blog. here (Recurring) Introduction After two and a half years, JSWorld and Vue Amsterdam Conference were back in Theater Amsterdam between 1 and 3 June, and I had the chance to attend this conference for the first time. I learned many things, met many wonderful people, spoke with great developers, and had a great time. On the first day the JSWorld Conference was held, and on the second and third days, the Vue Amsterdam. The conference was full of information with great speakers, each of whom taught me something valuable. They all wanted to share their knowledge and information with other developers. So I thought it would be great if I could continue to share it and help others use it. At first, I tried to share a few notes or slides, but I felt it was not good enough, at least not as good as what the speaker shared with me. So I decided to re-watch each speech, dive deeper into them, search, take notes and combine them with their slides and even their exact words in their speech and then share it with you so that what I share with you is at least at the same level as what I learned from them. A Very Important Point and I have only tried to learn them so that I can turn them into these articles. Even This means if you learn something new, it is because of their efforts. Everything you read during these few articles is the result of the effort and time of the speaker itself, many of the sentences written in these articles are exactly what they said or what they wrote in Slides. Last but not least, I may not dig into every technical detail or live codings in some of the speeches. But if you are interested and need more information, let me know and I’ll try to write a more detailed article separately. Also, don’t forget to check out their Twitter/Linkedin. you can find the program of the conference. Here Animating with Vue - Frontend Developer at SAP Ramona Biscoveanu Sometimes our applications need a little bit of "wow" and we can do this with some "movement" just the perfect amount to make them more alive. We will be looking at how to use the Vue magic to create awesome animations, from simple ones to more complex ones, combining Vue with animation libraries. 90s Websites On 90s websites, there were sometimes a lot of motions and colors. But the only way we could have animations back then was with gifs. Just imagine the bandwidth those gifs consumed in the era of Dial-Up internet! So we end up with some tiny low-frame gifs to limit the bandwidth consumption, and this was the result: Why Animate? One of the reasons we use animations these days, even back then, is to capture users' attention and focus. Think of how many distractions we have, notifications on our phones, pop-ups on the websites, or the jumping icons on the dock on macOS. We can also trick users into thinking that our website is a lot faster. We give them this perception that our APIs are faster by putting loaders and progress bars. Studies are saying if you have a custom loader you have a chance of keeping the people on our website longer. Sometimes we try to inform our users efficiently. Maybe we have lots of things going on on our website and we want to tell the user what is the next step in the flow of the application with an animated button. Other times we need interactive content for marketing materials to keep users there. Animations are also powerful when you try to tell a story. Vue <Transition /> In Vanilla JavaScript or jQuery, you need to manually calculate the timings and delays, and decide when to add or remove classes. But in Vue, we wrap the target element into the component and it does many of those hard things automatically. Here is a simple fade animation: <Transition /> <transition name="fade">
 hello
</transition> .fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active {
 transition: opacity .5s;
}
.fade-enter-from, .fade-leave-to 
 opacity: 0;
} This is how Vue handles that: Vue <TransitionGroup /> is a built-in component designed for animating the insertion, removal, and order change of elements or components that are rendered in a list. <TransitionGroup> This is a simple example of some tiles sliding on the screen: <transition-group tag="div" class="tile-section" name="list" appear>
 <TileComp
 v-for="(tile, i) in tiles"
 :key="i + 'tile'"
 :header="tile.title"
 :content="tile.content"
 :footer="tile.footer"
 ></TileComp>
</transition-group> .list-enter-active,
.list-leave-active {
 transition: all 1s ease;
}
.list-enter-from,
.list-leave-to {
 opacity: 0;
 transform: translateY(70px);
} JavaScript Hooks CSS is awesome and we can do a lot with it, but sometimes it’s not enough. Vue provides some hooks on the component. <Transition /> <Transition
 @before-enter="onBeforeEnter"
 @enter="onEnter"
 @after-enter="onAfterEnter"
 @enter-cancelled="onEnterCancelled"
 @before-leave="onBeforeLeave"
 @leave="onLeave"
 @after-leave="onAfterLeave"
 @leave-cancelled="onLeaveCancelled"
>
 
</Transition> GreenSock GSAP The GreenSock Animation Platform ( for short) is a powerful JavaScript library that enables front-end developers and designers to create robust timeline-based animations. GSAP One of the most important things you will hear a lot in GSAP is Tween. A Tween is what does all the animation work — think of it like a high-performance property setter. You feed in targets (the objects you want to animate), a duration, and any properties you want to animate and when its playhead moves to a new position, it figures out what the property values should be at that point and applies them accordingly. Common methods for creating a Tween (all of these methods return a Tween instance): gsap.to() gsap.from() gsap.fromTo() For simple animations (no fancy sequencing), the methods above are all you need! gsap.to(".selector", {toVars});
gsap.from(".selector", {fromVars});
gsap.fromTo(".selector", {fromVars}, {toVars});
// special properties (duration, ease, etc.) go in toVar Now let’s add GSAP to our tiles example: <div class="tile-section">
 <TileComp
 v-for="(tile, i) in tiles"
 :key="i + 'tile'"
 :header="tile.title"
 :content="tile.content"
 :footer="tile.footer"
 ></TileComp>
</div> import gsap from "gsap";
...
mounted() {
 gsap.from(".tile", {
 duration: 0.5,
 opacity: 0,
 scale: 0,
 y: 200,
 ease: "power2",
 stagger: 0.1,
 });
}, Vue Animation Counter Another simple example of using GSAP to make nice animations can be a celebrate counter animation. Here you can see what it will look like: All we have in the template is just an h1 element where we pass the formatted value and a reset button. <div>
 <h1 ref="celebrate" class="counter" :class="{ celebrate: isCelebrate }">
 {{ this.numberWithCommas(value) }}
 </h1>
 <button class="restart" @click="restart">Restart</button>
</div> We need to use function of GSAP. Think of it as a tool to sequence your animations. timeline import gsap from "gsap";
import confetti from "canvas-confetti";
const tl = gsap.timeline();
const start = 100000;
const end = 3240074;

export default {
 props: {
 msg: String,
 },
 data() {
 return {
 isCelebrate: false,
 value: start,
 };
 },
 mounted() {
 tl.fromTo(
 ".counter",
 {
 innerText: start,
 scale: 0.8,
 },
 {
 innerText: end,
 snap: { innerText: 1 },
 duration: 4,
 ease: "linear",
 onUpdate: () => {
 this.$refs.celebrate.innerText = this.numberWithCommas(
 this.$refs.celebrate.innerText
 );
 },
 onComplete: () => {
 this.celebrate();
 },
 }
 );
 },
 methods: {
 celebrate() {
 this.isCelebrate = true;
 confetti({
 particleCount: 150,
 spread: 100,
 origin: { y: 0.6 },
 colors: ["#647eff", "#42d392"],
 disableForReducedMotion: true,
 });
 },
 numberWithCommas(x) {
 return x.toString().replace(/\B(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))/g, ",");
 },
 restart() {
 tl.restart();
 this.isCelebrate = false;
 },
 },
}; Page Transition In Vue Router 4 the syntax for transitioning pages has changed a bit. We don’t wrap the router into the transition component anymore. instead, we use the : v-slot <router-view v-slot="{ Component }">
 <transition name="fade">
 <component :is="Component" />
 </transition>
</router-view> Here is an example of a page transition: For building this page transition, we need the enter hook: <router-view v-slot="{ Component }">
 <transition
 :key="$route.path"
 @enter="onEnter"
 :css="false"
 >
 <component :is="Component" />
 </transition>
</router-view> Then we need to register the plugin from GSAP: SplitText import gsap from "gsap";
import SplitText from "gsap/SplitText";

gsap.registerPlugin(SplitText);

gsap.defaults({
 duration: 1,
 ease: "power3.inOut",
}); And then using the plugin we split the text to be able to animate it: mySplitText(el) {
 return new SplitText(el, { type: "words,chars,lines" });
}, Let’s take a look at hook: onEnter onEnter(el, done) {
 const masterTL = gsap.timeline({
 onComplete: () => {
 done;
 },
 });

 masterTL.add(
 this.enterContentTextAnimation(
 mySplitText(".content-text-header").chars
 )
 );
 masterTL.add(
 this.enterContentTextAnimation(".content-text-body"),
 "-=0.9" //overlap with previous by 0.9s
 );
 masterTL.add(this.imgScaleOut(".content img"), "<");
	//The start of previous animation
}, And here you can see how you can nest GSAP timelines and what and functions do: enterContentTextAnimation imgScaleOut enterContentTextAnimation(id) {
 const tl = gsap.timeline();

 tl.fromTo(
 id,
 {
 yPercent: "100",
 opacity: 0,
 },
 {
 yPercent: "0",
 opacity: 1,
 stagger: 0.03,
 }
 );
},

imgScaleOut(id) {
 const tl = gsap.timeline();

 tl.from(id, {
 scale: 1.5,
 });

 return tl;
}, SVG Animated charts can be a good example of SVG animation: Here is the part of the code that makes this chart animation possible: watch: {
 data(newValue, oldValue) {
 newValue.map((data, index) => {
 var id = "#arc" + index;
 var d = this.calculateArc(data, index);
 var oldValueD = this.calculateArc(oldValue[index]);
 const tl = gsap.timeline();

 tl.fromTo(
 id,
 {
 attr: { d: oldValueD },
 },
 {
 duration: 0.5,
 attr: { d: d },
 yoyo: true,
 }
 );
 });
 },
}, It’s important to not abuse animations on your website. Sometimes they are useful, but sometimes they can kill your audience. End of The Seventh Talk I hope you enjoyed this part and it can be as valuable to you as it was to me. Over the next few days, I’ll share the rest of the talks with you. Stay tuned…

Vue Amsterdam 2022: Part VII - Animating with Vue

Vue Amsterdam 2022: Parte VII - Animación con Vue

Vue Amsterdam 2022 : Partie VII - Animer avec Vue

Vue एम्स्टर्डम 2022: भाग VII - Vue . के साथ एनिमेट करना

Vue アムステルダム 2022: パート VII - Vue によるアニメーション化

Vue Amsterdam 2022: Parte VII - Animando com Vue

Vue Amsterdam 2022: Phần VII - Hoạt hình với Vue

Vue Amsterdam 2022：第七部分 - 使用 Vue 制作动画

Astounding Stories of Super-Science August 1931: VOL. VII, NO. 2 - The Readers' Corner

I am reviewing a practice we’re all aware of: code review. In this post, I will try to investigate the rationality of “blocking mode CR” — a CR where code is not deployed until reviewed. CR used to find defects One of the first goals that CR is expected to achieve is usually stated as «find defects». Usually, CR is used in «blocking» or «sync» way whereas the code is not made available to the client until it gets reviewed. There is an interesting history of this tool. In the 60th software deployment and verification cycle was quite long and computer time was more expensive than developers’ time. The cycle consisted of the following steps: typing code using a typewriter passing the papers with typed code to the operators operators punching cards with what they read (transferring text to cards) loading cards to the computer (usually at night) running the code inspecting the test computation results if anything goes wrong, loading previous software version’s cards to the computer and rejecting the new version — moving it back to development You can easily guess why the CR instrument appeared, which stage it was added to, and why it was very cost-effective in a blocking way. CR was done by a group of developers and yet it still was cost-effective as defects’ find-and-fix cycle was extremely long and expensive. Problematic sociodynamics that I highlight below was not that important as software developers’ time was cheap and the demand for developers’ labor was low. Decades passed, computers’ computation time became extremely cheap, defects’ find-and-fix cycle became very short in most cases while software developers’ time was becoming more and more expensive. The question of CR’s economical efficiency for defects’ detection started to arise around 80th when many companies shifted from group CR to mini-group CR or even peer CR (1-to-1). In 1996 A. Porter, H. Siy, и L. Votta published their work where they provided CR approaches taxonomy and analyzed their economical efficiency. A review of software inspections These were the conclusions: At the global level we see that software inspection is still an effective method for detecting and removing defects.
However, whether it is cost-effective remains to be seen. By the end of the last millennia, there were only a few areas where the cycle was more expensive than developers’ time spent on CR. loading code -> running code -> checking results On the other side more and more automated defects detecting tools appeared: Compilers, interpreters, and debuggers were providing more and more information Linters and static analyzers were improving Unit, integrational and functional tests were getting faster and faster Pair programming practices were becoming more popular It seems that by 2000 using CR to detect defects had almost no economical justification but was still used widely. My hypothesis is that this using a tool which is not effective was due to the unprecedented growth the industry witnessed: companies grew blazingly fast, developers got promoted to managerial roles with almost no training so that rational sociotechnical systems and processes design was (and still is) almost a “no-clue”. Pascarella, Spadini, Palomba, Bruntink, Bachelli in their work are somewhat proving my hypothesis: Information Needs in Contemporary Code Review Even though studies have shown that modern code review has the potential to support software quality and dependability [17, 39, 41], researchers have also provided strong empirical evidence that the outcome of this process is rather erratic and often unsatisfying or misaligned with the expectations of participants [2, 10, 37]. Also Alberto Bacchelli & Christian Bird in their 2013’s work find the following: Expectations, Outcomes, and Challenges of Modern Code Review, 2013 Our results show that, although the top motivation driving code reviews is finding defects, the practice and the actual outcomes are less about finding errors than expected: Defect related comments comprise a small proportion and mainly cover small logical low-level issues. Once again, it seems that now there is pretty much no economical benefit in using CR for finding defects. If your team expects CR to find defects, I encourage you to check the efficiency of the process. Calculating the cost The typical process involving «blocking» CR will look somewhat similar to this: a snippet of code (usually a feature or some self-contained part of it) is passed to «CR» stage ... code awaits for CR ... code is reviewed, defects are found (step 4) or not found (step 6) code is passed back to development ... code awaits fixing ... code is fixed and passed to CR stage again This is an optimistic scenario where code gets fixed only once. You can certainly gather stats on the time code spent in each state. : Google calculated the overall time spent During the week, 70% of changes are committed less than 24 hours after they are mailed out for an initial review. Checking the effect Now take a few code revisions and check how many defects were found during the CR process and formulate how critical they were. At this stage, it should be obvious if you’re paying the right price for the number of defects you find. You might also find that you are amongst those who rarely find any defects during CR at all — Jacek Czerwonka, Michaela Greiler, and Jack Tilford at Microsoft : found that Code reviews do not find as many bugs as you may think To summarise, you might find that «blocking» CR is economically ineffective as a tool used for finding defects. The next goal most often cited as one that CR achieves is knowledge sharing. CR as a knowledge sharing tool Alberto Bacchelli & Christian Bird in their 2013’s work have this: Expectations, Outcomes, and Challenges of Modern Code Review, 2013 one of the things that should be happening with code reviews over time is a distribution of knowledge. If you do a code review and did not learn anything about the area and you still do not know anything about the area, then that was not as good code review as it could have been. ... from a code review you can learn about the different parts you have to touch to implement a certain feature ... Programmers answering the survey declared knowledge transfer to be their first motivation for code review in 73 (8%) cases, their second in 119 (14%), and their third in 141 (16%). These findings do show that for some reason developers and managers consider CR to be a proper tool for knowledge sharing. It seems that if we consider CR as knowledge-sharing tool, we should not even consider using it in “blocking” mode — as knowledge sharing can be done asynchronously. CR as a process of teaching What is teaching? Teaching is a pedagogical (or, in most of our cases, andrological) process of organizing and stimulating students’ activities aimed at understanding and appropriating certain knowledge and skills. So teaching process essentially is managing the process of learning. The teaching process is bi-directional and interactive, it includes both information transfer and accepting, understanding and appropriating of the transferred information. The process includes activities performed by both teacher and student. Effective teaching process generally consists of the following steps: The teacher provides information, gives theoretical background, and guides through practical activities The student spends time on practicing The teacher verifies results and highlights mistakes Student practices again With CR the process consists of these steps: The student spends time on practicing The teacher verifies results and highlights mistakes Student practices again Isn’t it obvious that the essential step is missing here? The teacher never explains why and how things should be done, so the student has to rely on either knowledge from previous occasions when she practiced or has to blindly guess. Also, the proper teaching process improves students’ skills, so that every next task in the same knowledge domain is done with fewer and fewer mistakes. If CR was effective as a teaching process, wouldn’t every developer have zero mistakes after some time? If yes, how long have you been using CR and why do you still use it? If CR highlights multiple mistakes in developers’ work every time, I would suggest you consider spending time on proper teaching. Or, ditch the CR (for this goal) all together in favor of design review. Another negative implication CR has here is that developer the wrong way first, then the reviewer highlights mistakes and the developer corrects herself. This means that the wrong way of doing is remembered first. learns Other negative effects CR has Negative sociodynamics due to association of work results with self Every human being associates her work results with herself. Valuing things we spend effort on doing is innate to our nature. Whenever a developer receives feedback like “this has to be redone”, she will inevitably associate this feedback with herself. The more effort a person spent on doing something, the more vulnerable she is to the critics. And while she hadn’t been taught properly how the problem should have been solved, she considers negative feedback even worse. Internet’s full of posts and articles on how to “solve” this “negativity problem”. Most of these posts talk about how to provide more “positive” feedback. Microsoft even hired a working on this issue. fully dedicated specialist However, this all seems palliative treatment, none of these approaches offer to solve the problem properly. Solving the problem properly would be introducing the teaching or planning phase before the effort on doing the task is spent and a feeling of achievement emerges. Cost of focus switch Using CR in blocking mode means that the team is naturally motivated to review the code as soon as possible to get it deployed. This means that “blocking” CR introduces one more reason for developers to switch their context. There are multiple publications on how multitasking and switching contexts are ineffective: The myth of multitasking, Nass, 2013 Multitasking: Switching costs (american psychological association) Executive Control of Cognitive Processes in Task Switching — Joshua S. Rubinstein, David E. Meyer, Jeffrey E. Evans Reconfiguration of task-set: is it easier to switch to the weaker task? Executive Control of Cognitive Processes in Task Switching There’s good scientific evidence that it’s more effective to work on one single task at a time with as few context switches as possible. References A review of software Inspections, Porter, Siy, Votta, 1996 Expectations, Outcomes, and Challenges of Modern Code Review, 2013 Investigating technical and non-technical factors influencing modern code review, 2015 Information Needs in Contemporary Code Review, Pascarella, Spadini, Palomba, Bruntink, Bachelli, 2018 The Cost of Interrupted Work: More Speed and Stress, Mark, Gudith, Klocke, 2008 The myth of multitasking, Nass, 2013 Code Reviews Do Not Find Bugs. How the Current Code Review Best Practice Slows Us Down Modern code review: a case study at google, 2018 Reconfiguration of task-set: Is it easier to switch to the weaker task? Psychological Research, Monsell, S., Yeung, N., & Azuma, R. (2000) Multitasking: Switching costs (american psychological association) Executive Control of Cognitive Processes in Task Switching — Joshua S. Rubinstein, David E. Meyer, Jeffrey E. Evans

Code Review: It's Bad, Expensive, and Ineffective [in most cases]

Deep Dream with TensorFlow: A Practical guide to build your first Deep Dream Experience

Dear Hackers, Huge numbers of artists have arrived in the cryptoeconomy over the past few years. A major pull for these creators? The ability to earn royalties from secondary sales of their works. However, in the current paradigm, NFT royalties are ultimately . opt-in NFT marketplaces have traditionally honored these royalties via off-chain infra, but many marketplaces have recently moved to make these payments explicitly optional or cut out altogether. OpenSea is the latest project to be its options here, and that deliberating has many wondering what comes next. exploring In my opinion, one thing we’re definitely about to see is an explosion of new NFT marketplaces. Allow me to explain for today’s Metaversal! -WMP Thinking About the Future of NFT Royalties First, the Basics of NFT Royalties Let’s say Alice mints an NFT and sells it to Bob for 1Ξ. Later, Bob resells that NFT to Charlie for 5Ξ in a secondary sale transaction on OpenSea. Because Alice set her royalties to 10% on OpenSea, she receives 0.5Ξ from the exchange. However, historically OpenSea has tracked and paid out these royalties using its own off-chain system. If Alice hadn’t set her royalty parameters and OpenSea didn’t use this system, she wouldn’t have automatically earned 0.5Ξ. It’d be up to Bob to manually send that payment, and in most cases, that volunteering just wouldn’t happen. Why are things like this? Because there currently isn’t a great way to enforce NFT royalties at the smart contract level. You cake a royalty fee directly into an NFT’s transferFrom() function, but that would make it so the sender always has to pay a fee regardless of the transaction. This approach is bad if you’re just sending an NFT to another one of your wallets or gifting it, for example. could As such, in recent years NFT marketplaces have used siloed off-chain systems to enforce royalties. OpenSea has its own tech, other markets have their respective infra, and these systems don’t “talk” to each other because there’s no standard. This has led to cases of NFT royalties not being honored when NFTs minted on one platform are sold on another. Some innovative efforts, like , have been created to help NFT marketplaces get onto the same royalty standard, but this system is ultimately opt-in and hasn’t garnered widespread adoption yet. The Royalty Registry on-chain All that said, in recent months we’ve seen more and more NFT marketplaces cutting out NFT royalties or making them optional, like and . Now it looks like OpenSea could be the latest domino to drop here … . Blur, LooksRare, X2Y2, sudoswap maybe What’s New OpenSea recently announced that it had created a new that can “restricts NFT sales to marketplaces that enforce creator fees.” on-chain royalty enforcement tool Moreover, the company said it would take until , to decide its final stance on royalties, with one possibility being a move to optional royalties altogether: December 8th, 2022 “ .” We recognize this is a first step, so we’re committed to engaging with our communities about solutions for existing collections. In deference to how difficult it is to enforce fees on chain for existing collections, we won’t make any changes for existing collections through at least December 8, 2022. To be transparent, the consideration set for what happens after December 8 is wide open – and we’re considering options ranging from continuing to enforce off-chain fees for some subsets of collections, to allowing optional creator fees, to collaborating on other on-chain enforcement options for creators. We recognize not all creators, collections, and communities are the same and we are looking to create a long-term policy that reflects that Understandably, this declaration has generated a ton of community debate and discussion. * . Update 11/10/2022: OpenSea has it will maintain royalties for all collections confirmed Some, like the Bored Ape Yacht Club team, have argued that whiffing on royalties would be backsliding against the very creators who have made OpenSea great. https://twitter.com/GordonGoner/status/1589993277151150082?s=20&t=FC3cymGAX_8ClwyTeB998g?embedable=true Others have noted that the OpenSea on-chain royalty blocklist is a “no-brainer” for NFT projects once you start drilling down into recent royalty statistics. https://twitter.com/therealjfrantz/status/1589375169730326530?s=20&t=BS3f6jJbZSRpA3pAynR-HQ?embedable=true Whatever OpenSea ends up deciding next month, it’s clear that NFT marketplaces will need decisive royalty stances so creators can readily decide where’s best for them. all For example, Nifty Gateway just declared it will always honor NFT royalties and unveiled its own proposal for a creator royalty standard. Look for other marketplaces to similarly break one way or the other on the issue going forward. https://twitter.com/niftygateway/status/1589671138304864257?s=20&t=MVLg1BADmiAV3c4MGoSemg?embedable=true Toward Many Bespoke NFT Marketplaces https://twitter.com/andy8052/status/1589356446075957249?s=20&t=aAihWjpv9CTXG_1TCnBjtg?embedable=true Different types of NFTs trade in different ways. For example, a 10k profile picture project like BAYC is highly liquid and has a high volume. A cryptoart 1/1 piece, say an early XCOPY NFT, is illiquid and has low volume. These differences lead to unique dynamics, like 10k collections becoming popular on optional royalty platforms, e.g. Blur, and 1/1s remaining dominant on royalty-friendly platforms like Nifty Gateway and SuperRare. However, what about those middle-ground projects like Art Blocks releases, XCOPY’s Grifters, or Finiliar where the artistry is absolutely central but the NFTs trade like liquid collections rather than 1/1s? Should these creators forfeit their royalties just because their works trade on optional or no royalty platforms, unlike 1/1s? I say no, get that revenue. And I say the same for artists in general when it comes to NFT royalties. But how, what’s really the best way forward here for creators big or small? In my opinion, the answer is the proliferation of . custom creator-owned NFT marketplaces https://twitter.com/zerobeta/status/1589338266381463552?s=20&t=ES2Rnu0syfvpXAu56Sflbw?embedable=true In other words, in the future, every artist and project may have their own bespoke marketplace that is custom-tailored for their respective NFT needs, including royalty needs. Whether the underlying infra is based on sudoswap, Reservoir, Zora, or beyond, these creator-owned marketplaces — which can be managed by individuals artist DAOs — can offer incentives, e.g., NFT airdrops, to consolidate trading activity and better guarantee ongoing royalty payments. or The idea? To make your marketplace the premier destination for your work so your fans want to come there and trade when they have to or want to. And as innovation around NFTs continues to bloom, look for these DIY royalty-friendly marketplaces to become easier and easier to create. https://twitter.com/ samspike /status/1589352996869009408?s=20&t=uEYemHaxA-vH1FP7-YjOUA?embedable=true Why it Matters The research arm of Galaxy recently estimated that nearly have been paid out on Ethereum to date. $2 billion worth of NFT royalties In my mind, that figure is one of the greatest achievements of the young cryptoeconomy because it’s made for real life-changing revenues for many creators, and it reminded us that we can live in a world where creativity is very valuable. In a certain sense, NFT royalty discussions are only just beginning, but I know many will continue to fight to help creators grow their royalties, and I think could be a powerful answer here. We’ll see! many artist-owned marketplaces Author Bio is a professional writer and creator of —a Bankless newsletter focused on the emergence of NFTs in the cryptoeconomy. He’s also recently been contributing content to Bankless, JPG, and beyond! William M. Peaster Metaversal

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