So, you’re thinking about using a commercial DNA testing kit! You’re not alone. of people have already spit into a little vial and mailed it away to a company promising to tell them where their ancestors are from, to show them cousins they didn’t know they had, and to explain once and for all why they hate the taste of cilantro. Tens of millions “Begin your DNA Journey,” invites the FamilyTreeDNA kit. “Welcome to you,” says 23andMe’s gift box. DNA feels intensely personal: It is in us … it is us, after all. But what else are you doing when you send your DNA away? Where are all the places that your DNA could end up as a result of your genealogical curiosity? Medical Researchers and Drug Companies When you send your DNA to a company like 23andMe or Ancestry.com, you can opt in to allow the companies to send your data to researchers who are studying genetics, demographic patterns, and diseases. 23andMe also says it sends your personal data to its “collaborators,” which include Pfizer and other pharmaceutical companies, and it announced last year that it would give people the option of getting alerts for clinical trials nearby that may be relevant to those with certain medical conditions. The company says that genetic information and names are stored in separate databases, so that when it sends your genetic data to researchers, “you cannot reasonably be identified.” (As you’ll see below, though, that depends on your definition of the word .) reasonable Bad Guys Sometimes your data can get stolen. Veritas, a startup that says it can sequence a person’s entire genome for $599, has that it experienced a data breach—although it also said that the portal that had been breached did not include genetic data. admitted Meanwhile, at the University of Washington recently demonstrated how the free and public genealogy database GEDMatch was “vulnerable to multiple kinds of security risks,” and “a malicious user could also construct a fake genetic profile to impersonate someone’s relative.” researchers Two at the University of California, Davis, also showed in an experiment last year that it was not that hard to “hack” the GEDMatch database—someone can locate a specific person in the database by bulk-uploading publicly available sets of DNA profiles until there is a match to either that person or to one of the person’s relatives. (GEDMatch has since been by a private company that may change its policies.) geneticists acquired If that doesn’t persuade you to be wary, unnamed “personal and operational risks” even prompted the to advise U.S. troops not to use consumer DNA tests. Pentagon “We can’t change our genetic information, and so once it’s out there, it’s a hard decision to reverse,” says UC Davis geneticist Michael Edge. “It’s not like a credit card, where you can get a new one if need be.” Law Enforcement The government DNA databases that law enforcement uses to try to connect crime-scene evidence to perpetrators are strictly regulated, and they contain far less sensitive types of genetic information than commercial databases. A government database might contain just enough DNA to identify a person but not enough to connect someone to distant relatives, for instance. Which is why law enforcement officers have occasionally sought access to commercial databases, which contain more detailed DNA information, and from more people. reported that FamilyTreeDNA has voluntarily agreed to test DNA evidence for the FBI and upload those profiles to its database for law enforcement searches. And reported that GEDMatch, which had opted all of its users out of being included in law enforcement searches, complied with a warrant from a Florida police chief investigating a crime anyway. BuzzFeed News The New York Times Think that doesn’t affect you if you haven’t committed any crimes? Read on. Other DNA Databases Some years ago, a man named Michael Usry sent his DNA to something called the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation, a nonprofit surname-research project sponsored by the Mormon church. Sorenson’s database was later bought by Ancestry.com, and Usry’s DNA joined that larger database. In 2014, police investigating a cold-case murder from 1996 in Idaho uploaded some crime-scene evidence to Sorensen and Ancestry.com and searched for possible matches. A partial match popped up, but Sorensen’s policy blocked the police from seeing the person’s name. However, Ancestry.com told police that it would hand over the information if they got a  search warrant, so they did, according to . Police found Usry’s name and started mapping out his family tree; eventually their suspicion landed on his son, Michael Usry Jr., because he had connections to Idaho and because he made horror films. The New Orleans Advocate Long story short: Usry Jr. didn’t do it, but it took a police interrogation, another DNA test, and weeks of living in fear of a mistaken murder charge before he was cleared. As law professor and forensic expert Erin Murphy writes in her book “ ”, Usry’s father “had no idea that his DNA sample would be readily traceable back to him directly, much less sold to a for-profit company, much less lead to the eventual accusation of his son for murder,” all because he decided to research his genealogy. Inside the Cell Into the Future... Let’s face it: Whether or not you’ve used a DNA-testing kit, it’s pretty much game over for DNA privacy. Because of the popularity of genealogical research, technological advancements in forensic science, and the ways that our shared genetic material connects us all, we’re pretty close to having a . de facto national DNA database A rapidly increasing percentage of Americans can already be identified through these databases—through either the DNA they themselves have contributed, or by triangulation of the DNA that their distant relatives have. (Fun fact: you more than a hundred third cousins and more than a thousand fourth cousins!) could have In other words, even if you decide not to use that DNA testing kit, if someone as distantly related to you as your has, then it’s almost the same as if you have anyway. great-great-great-uncle’s great-great-granddaughter Credits Originally published as “ I Bought a DNA Testing Kit. What Am I Giving Away? ” with the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license.

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There is a sense of joy when you walk past your picture hanging next to the wording 'employee of the month'. But how do you go from being an ordinary employee to the month's best? In every company, there is a set of criteria specific to the industry. For instance, for an insurance firm, the employee of the month is most probably the one with the highest number of paying clients and in a shoe store would be maybe the person with the most sales or the one with the best customer service. All in all, the winner has to be the best. With that said, let us take a look at somethings that may help both the employer and the employee get to who is deserving of the title—starting with the employee. How to get the employee of the month title? Be always on time Perhaps the first thing that employers look at is your sense of urgency, which mainly focuses on your time management. The first place they look at is your attendance, are you always on time or are you always making an excuse when you are late? The second thing is how fast you finish your tasks. Are you slow or fast to your feet? And is the work to par? If it is, then you are on the right track of becoming an employee of the month. Be smart You must also make sure that you are in the right clothing while you are at work. If the business has uniforms, make sure they are clean and properly matched up. If you are meant to be in pink shoes, do not go for peach or red, only do pink. For the cases you do not have a set uniform, make sure you are smartly dressed, looking sharp. Be courteous and proactive You must be polite to your colleagues, superiors, and customers alike. Please treat everyone with respect regardless of their rank. Also, be proactive. Don't sit there and always wait to be told, if your working space needs tidying up, do it. Don't always wait for someone else to do it if you can. Be committed to your job When you work at your best with the utmost commitment and passion, it shows. It will be witnessed in how you attend to the tasks assigned to you. If you are working for the sake of getting a paycheck at the end of the month, you will be sloppy and only achieve the bare minimum. Employees who work without commitment never earn this title. Be bold Being bold in the workplace means that you stand by what is noble, right, and what you believe in. For instance, if your manager wants you all to start praying using a particular faith's doctrine, and you are not mainly a member, be bold enough to decline respectfully. Things like you suggesting the tea made without sugar, getting green tea since you do not drink milk, are yet other examples. But that is not all being bold entails; it also means that you stand by what you believe in and give in your honest opinions about things concerning you in the business. Be a team player No one likes to know it all, so be willing to listen to other colleagues in business matters. If a task needs all hands on deck, do not be the worker everyone avoids since you do not relate well with team works. Team players always find themselves at the top. Ways to get the most deserving employee of the month Be observant When you are in a position of power, be vigilant, and take note of even the smallest things your staff members do. For instance, if you notice one of your staff creates an instant rapport with clients inviting them to come back, note. You could even look at the CCVT and see how they operate while you are not there. Use records CCTV is one reliable source of recording that you can witness your members of staff integrity. You could also use customer surveys, suggestion boxes, record books, and even ask other employees. With this, you will get different perspectives of a said member of staff and gauge if they are deserving. Test your employees and set goals Motivate your staff members into carrying out tasks and see who comes up victorious. For these tasks, make sure they all have access to the same resources such that the playing ground is leveled. You could either give them a hint that the job will be used to determine the or not! It all depends on you. employee of the month Goals set may be in the lines of employees with the highest sales or the ones with the most customer satisfaction tokens. This makes them work even harder to get to the top. Attach the title with some incentive Having the title 'employee of the month' is good, but what sweetens the deal is if that title has some goodies as a package. You could include free meals if it is at a restaurant, coupons, discounts, and if you are feeling generous, maybe get them a paid holiday at a resort. This will make them work even harder. Even better, set the incentives in a tier. For example, if you win a month, you get a shopping voucher, two months in a row, a free meal plus a voucher. And if it passes three months, you get a paid holiday. Such incentives will motivate your employees to pull up their socks. Food for thought This part is most inclined to an employer or someone who is determining the winner. The point of focus is to be fair in the selection of the employee of the month. Avoid being biased and give Caesar what belongs to Caesar. Conclusion It is a great feeling when you finally get the recognition that you deserve, and the same is seen from an employer's perspective. This rewarding system motivates others to become and do better.

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In this blog, I am going to show you how we can use rekognition for image analysis using AWS CLI. So you can test the image analysis on your local machine. We will be going to perform label detection and object detection for an image so basically we are performing image analysis in this blog by using AWS CLI. How will be the flow for Image Analysis: In My blog, I already explained what is Rekognition and the benefits and use cases of Rekognition. So here will directly start with the implementation part. Image analysis using AWS Rekognition via Lambda function For Image analysis, we are using the following services of AWS. IAM S3 Rekognition[This service we are using via AWS CLI] So The flow for image analysis will be: First We are going to read an image from the S3 bucket via AWS CLI command. Once you read and image from an S3 bucket then by using rekognition service will read that image via calling rekognition API and in response, rekognition API will return labels. Step 1: Creating a User by using IAM: Login inside your AWS account using your credentials. Go to the AWS Management console. Search for the service and enter. IAM On the left-hand side, you can see the [inside the access management] click on the users. users Click on the button. Add user Give the of your choice[for eg demouser]. user name In the select both the access type[ Select AWS access type Programmatic access as well as AWS Management Console access]. For the select a and type the password of your choice. console password custom password keep a check by default and click on button. Require password reset Next: Permission In the select . And from policy choose option and click on button. Set permissions Attach existing policies directly Administrator access Next: Tags Add Tags part is optional so directly click on button. Next: Review Check all your details and click on button. Create: user Once you clicked on create: user button you will get one file please download that file. In that file only you will get access_key and secret_key of the user that you will be going to use in a further step. Download.csv Finally, click on the button. Your user is ready now. close Step 2: Create an S3 bucket to store images: Go to the AWS Management console. Search for the service and enter. S3 Click on the button. Create bucket give any unique to your bucket[for eg rekognition]. name Keep all default settings as it is and click on the button. Create bucket Once your bucket is created . In that click on the and drag and drop any image that you want and click on the upload button directly. Once the image is uploaded you can see the image as follows: click on your bucket name upload button For the image analysis, I uploaded the following image. Step 3: Set Up the AWS CLI By running this command you will get to know whether python and pip are present on your pc or not. if not then plz first install it. pip3 -- -- Or -- version python version python3 version Install the AWS CLI with Pip by using the following command pip3 awscli sudo apt- awscli install --upgrade --user OR get install Verify that the AWS CLI installed correctly. aws --version Configure the AWS CLI aws configure In this command, you need to provide the access_key and secret_key that you downloaded while creating the user.and also provide the region name that you are using [for e.g I am using ‘us-east-1’]. Finally to perform the image analysis type the following command: aws rekognition detect- -- -- region_name labels image "S3Object={Bucket=buket_name,Name=image_name}" region Note: In place of the bucket name provide s3 bucket name that you created in step 2 and for image name give the image name that is present inside the s3 bucket. In place of region give your region name for e.g[us-east-1] Once you run the above command you will get the response of image analysis based on the image that you uploaded in s3. { : [
        { : [], : [], : , : },
        { : [], : [
                { : { : , : , : , : }, : }
            ], : , : },
        { : [
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : },
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : },
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : },
                { : },
                { : },
                { : },
                { : },
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : },
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : },
        { : [], : [], : , : },
        { : [
                { : },
                { : },
                { : }
            ], : [], : , : }
    ], : } "Labels" "Parents" "Instances" "Name" "Human" "Confidence" 98.7396011352539 "Parents" "Instances" "BoundingBox" "Left" 0.4745420217514038 "Top" 0.12450992316007614 "Height" 0.8302116990089417 "Width" 0.42319080233573914 "Confidence" 98.7396011352539 "Name" "Person" "Confidence" 98.7396011352539 "Parents" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Sitting" "Confidence" 98.73041534423828 "Parents" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Female" "Confidence" 97.1566162109375 "Parents" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Dating" "Confidence" 90.18348693847656 "Parents" "Name" "Female" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Woman" "Confidence" 85.65811157226562 "Parents" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Child" "Confidence" 82.99960327148438 "Parents" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Teen" "Confidence" 82.99960327148438 "Parents" "Name" "Female" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Girl" "Confidence" 82.99960327148438 "Parents" "Name" "Teen" "Name" "Girl" "Name" "Female" "Name" "Woman" "Name" "Kid" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Blonde" "Confidence" 82.99960327148438 "Parents" "Name" "Person" "Instances" "Name" "Kid" "Confidence" 82.99960327148438 "Parents" "Name" "Electronics" "Name" "Computer" "Instances" "Name" "Pc" "Confidence" 71.96940612792969 "Parents" "Name" "Electronics" "Instances" "Name" "Computer" "Confidence" 71.96940612792969 "Parents" "Instances" "Name" "Electronics" "Confidence" 71.96940612792969 "Parents" "Name" "Electronics" "Name" "Pc" "Name" "Computer" "Instances" "Name" "Laptop" "Confidence" 55.87724685668945 "LabelModelVersion" "2.0" In response, you will get a list of labels and a corresponding numeric confidence index. You can compare the image that I have mentioned above with the response. In my image, one lady is reading a book and also some electronic objects are present in the image. So in response, you can see different labels are shown related to images like a person, female, and computer. In this way, you can try image analysis on different images based on your use case. Enjoy Coding 😃

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Image Analysis using AWS Rekognition via AWS CLI

TL;DR GraphQL is a modern query language and a runtime for APIs, widely seen as a successor to REST APIs. GraphQL is built around the concept of "get exactly what you asked for", without any under fetching or over fetching of data. GraphQL makes it easier to aggregate data from multiple sources, and uses a type system to describe data rather than multiple endpoints. The shows an aggregated GraphQL adoption table covering over 116k stars, a market cap of $4.7 trillion, and a funding of over $9 billion. GraphQL Landscape The team at filmed a documentary on the history and emergence of GraphQL that can be viewed on . Honeypot YouTube What is GraphQL? Quite simply put, GraphQL is a and a runtime for fulfilling those queries with existing data. GraphQL provides a complete and understandable description of the data in your API, gives clients the power to ask for exactly what they need and nothing more, makes it easier to evolve APIs over time, and enables powerful developer tools. query language for APIs GraphQL supports reading, writing (mutating), and subscribing to changes to data (realtime updates – most commonly implemented using WebHooks). GraphQL servers are available for multiple languages, including Haskell, JavaScript, Perl, Python, Ruby, Java, C++, C#, Scala, Go, Erlang, PHP, and R. The attraction for GraphQL is primarily based on the concept of asking for what you need, and receiving just that - nothing more, nothing less. When sending queries to your API, GraphQL returns a very predictable result, without any over fetching or under fetching, ensuring that apps using GraphQL are fast, stable, and scalable. To visualise how this would look, let's use the website as an example (disclaimer, I work there) and take a look at the posts on the GraphCMS Academy by running a query asking for just the titles of articles. GraphCMS The query would look similar to this: {
  academyPosts {
    title
  }
} From here we can infer that we're just asking for the title of Academy posts, and nothing else. Therefore, the results returned would be: { : { : [
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : },
      { : }
    ]
  }
} "data" "academyPosts" "title" "Headless Mobile Content Management System (Mobile CMS)" "title" "What is Content as a Service (Caas)" "title" "Headless CMS and SEO Best Practices" "title" "What Is A Headless CMS?" "title" "Understanding Digital Experience Platforms (DXP) and Headless CMS" "title" "Understanding the Content Mesh and how a Headless CMS fits in." "title" "The Era of Application Content" "title" "Best Practices for Headless Content Modelling" "title" "Choosing the best Headless CMS" "title" "What is GraphQL?" "title" "Choosing a Headless CMS for Content Creators" "title" "Selecting a Headless CMS - a Checklist" "title" "What is a DXP (Digital Experience Platform)?" "title" "What is the JAMStack?" On such a simple request its easy to highlight how the payload would be minimal. However, GraphQL queries access not just the of a single resource, but also follow references between them. While typical REST APIs require loading from multiple URLs, GraphQL APIs get all the data in a single request - making apps quick even on slow mobile network connections. fields To visualise this, let's try a more complex request where we want to see a list of blog posts on GraphCMS, but rather than just the , also get the these posts are related to, the of the posts, and the these blog posts fall under. postTitle authors slugs categories The query we'll use for this is: {
  blogPosts{
    title
    authors {
      name
      twitterHandle
      title
    }
    slug
    categories {
      title
    }
  }
} The results given back (shortened to just one blog post, because, well, there's a lot) look like: { : { : [
      { : , : [
          { : , : , : },
          { : , : , : }
        ], : , : [
          { : },
          { : },
          { : }
        ]
      }
} "data" "blogPosts" "title" "Delivering a DIY Store powered by a Headless CMS for ECommerce" "authors" "name" "Jamie Barton" "twitterHandle" "notrab" "title" "Developer Advocate" "name" "Jonathan Steele" "twitterHandle" "ynnoj" "title" "Developer Advocate" "slug" "delivering-a-diy-store-powered-by-a-headless-cms-for-ecommerce" "categories" "title" "Content Management" "title" "Headless CMS" "title" "Projects and Examples" ☝️ that, btw, is a blog post about a open source reference app on eCommerce - powered by , Gatsbsy, Netlify, Algolia, Stripe, Postmark, and Printful - built by and . Check out the demo or . great GraphCMS Jamie Jonathan deployed on Netlify fork the repo Anyways, back to the topic, GraphQL APIs are organized in terms of types and fields, not endpoints, making them extremely easy to get up and running, since you can access all of your data from a single endpoint. GraphQL uses types to ensure apps only ask for what’s possible and provide clear and helpful errors. Apps can use types to avoid writing manual parsing code. In summation, the 3 key characteristics of what makes GraphQL a dream syntax are: Clients can specify what data they need, exactly Aggregating data from multiple sources is easy, and GraphQL uses a type system to describe data rather than endpoints. The History of GraphQL Similar to React, GraphQL was developed internally by Facebook in 2012 before being publicly released in 2015. Following GraphQL's transition to being made open source, the GraphQL project was moved from Facebook to the newly-established GraphQL Foundation, hosted by the Linux Foundation, in 2018. The origin of GraphQL comes out of Facebook's attempts to scale their mobile app. At the time, their app was an adaptation of their website, when their mobile strategy was to simply "adopt" HTML5 to mobile. Due to issues related to high network usage and a less than ideal UX, the team decided to build up the iOS from scratch using native technologies. put the history of GraphQL quite well on : Brenda Clark LevelUp's post The main problem with Facebook’s News Feed implementation on mobile. It wasn’t as simple as retrieving a story, who wrote it, what it says, the list of comments, and who’s liked the post. Each story was interconnected, nested, and recursive. The existing APIs weren’t designed to allow developers to expose a rich, news feed-like experience on mobile. They didn’t have a hierarchical nature, let developers select what they needed, or the capability to display a list of heterogeneous feed stories. Long story short, the core team at Facebook decided they needed to build a new News Feed API, which is when GraphQL began to take shape. Over the next several months, the surface area of the GraphQL API expanded to cover most of the Facebook iOS app, and in 2015, the GraphQL spec was first published along with the reference implementation in JavaScript. The team at made a comprehensible documentary into the birth and adoption of GraphQL, with a highly detailed insight into the emergence of the technology. Honeypot The documentary can be viewed on . YouTube Adoption of GraphQL Understandably, the adoption for GraphQL skyrocketed since the need for such a solution was quite prevalent in the industry. Within half a year there were already implementations of GraphQL in different languages, including PHP, JavaScript, Python, Scala, and Ruby. Starting off as a "hobbyist" spec, GraphQL rapidly gained enterprise validation, and was adopted by companies like GitHub, Yelp, AirBnB, and many more. The shows an aggregated GraphQL adoption table covering over 116k stars, a market cap of $4.7 trillion, and a funding of over $9 billion. GraphQL Landscape Between all the GraphQL servers, clients, gateways, and apps, the GraphQL ecosystem has exploded in terms of market adoption, claiming GraphQL's spot as a force to reckon with. GraphQL vs. REST A REST API is an " " for network-based software. GraphQL, on the other hand, is a query language and a set of tools that operate over a single endpoint. In addition, over the last few years, REST has been used to make new APIs, while the focus of GraphQL has been to optimize for performance and flexibility. architectural concept When using REST, you’ll always be returned complete "datasets". If you wanted to request information from objects, you’d need to perform REST API requests. If you're requesting information on a product for an eCommerce website, your requests may be structured in this way: x x Request productInfo for product names, descriptions, etc. in one request Request pricing for prices pertaining to that product in another request Request images for product shots from another dataset... and so on While you'll still get everything you asked for, it would be done in several requests, and each dataset might send you tons of other information you didn't want or need, such as reviews, variations, discounts, etc. depending on how the content/data was structured at each endpoint. On one hand, this is extremely simple - you have one endpoint that does one task, so it’s easy to understand and manipulate. In other words, if you have X endpoint, it provides X data. Conversely, if you wanted to gather some information from a specific endpoint, ; you’ll always get a complete data set - or over fetching. you couldn’t limit the fields that the REST API returns GraphQL uses its query language to tailor the request to exactly what you need, from multiple objects down to specific fields within each entity. GraphQL would take X endpoint, and it can do a lot with that information, but you have to tell it what you want first. Using the same example, the request would simply be to get , , , and from the same endpoint, within one request, and no more. All other content within the database wouldn't be returned, so the issue of over fetching wouldn't be a concern. productName productDescription productImage productPrice For a funny ELI5 on the topic, , the founder of explains the conceptual differences between GraphQL and REST. . Ben Halpern dev.to Worth a read Previously published at https://graphcms.com/academy/what-is-graphql

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In software engineering, Creational Design Patterns deal with object creation mechanisms, trying to create objects in a manner suitable to the situation. The basic or ordinary form of object creation could result in design problems or added complexity to the design. Builder Design Pattern in C++ solves this specific problem by . separating the construction of a complex object from its representation By the way, If you haven’t check out my other articles on Creational Design Patterns, then here is the list: Factory Builder Prototype Singleton The code snippets you see throughout this series of articles are simplified not sophisticated. So you often see me not using keywords like override, final, public(while inheritance) just to make code compact & consumable(most of the time) in single standard screen size. I also prefer struct instead of class just to save line by not writing “public:” sometimes and also miss , constructor, , prefix std::, deleting dynamic memory, intentionally. virtual destructor copy constructor I also consider myself a pragmatic person who wants to convey an idea in the simplest way possible rather than the standard way or using Jargons. Note: If you stumbled here directly, then I would suggest you go through first, even if it is trivial. I believe it will encourage you to explore more on this topic. What is design pattern? All of this code you encounter in this series of articles are compiled using C++20(though I have used features up to C++17 in most cases). So if you don’t have access to the latest compiler you can use which has preinstalled boost library as well. Modern C++ https://wandbox.org/ Intent To create/instantiate complex & complicated object piecewise & succinctly by providing an API in a separate entity. Builder Design Pattern is used when we want to construct a complex object. However, we do not want to have a complex constructor member or one that would need many arguments. The Builder Design Pattern constructs a complex object step by step & the final step will return the object. The process of constructing an object should be generic so that it can be used to create different representations of the same object with the help of a variety of methods. Life Without Builders Suppose you have to create the HTML generator using C++ then very naïve way to do it is : text = ; output;
output += ;
output += text;
output += ; ( , text); words[] = { , }; oss;
oss << ; ( w : words)
 oss << << w << ;
oss << ; (oss.str().c_str()); // hello auto "hello" string "" "" printf "%s" // <ul><li>hello</li><li>world</li></ul> string "hello" "world" ostringstream "<ul>" for auto " <li>" "</li>" "</ul>" printf A sophisticated dev will create a class with a bunch of constructor argument & method to add a child node. This is a good approach though but it may complicate the object representation. In general, some objects are simple & can be created in a single constructor call while other objects require a lot of ceremonies to create. Having an object with 10 constructor arguments is not productive. Instead, we should opt for piecewise construction. Builder provides an API for constructing an object step-by-step without revealing actual object representation. Builder Design Pattern Example in Modern C++ m_name; m_text; <HtmlElement> m_childs; m_indent_size = ;

 HtmlElement() = ;
 HtmlElement( &name, &text) : m_name(name), m_text(text) {} : { oss;
 oss << (m_indent_size * indent, ) << << m_name << << ; (m_text.size()) oss << (m_indent_size * (indent + ), ) << m_text << ; ( &element : m_childs)
 oss << element.str(indent + );

 oss << (m_indent_size * indent, ) << << m_name << << ; oss.str();
 } <HtmlBuilder> build( root_name) { make_unique<HtmlBuilder>(root_name); }
}; HtmlElement m_root; :
 HtmlBuilder( root_name) { m_root.m_name = root_name; } {
 m_root.m_childs.emplace_back(HtmlElement{child_name, child_text}); ;
 } { m_root.str(); } { m_root; }
}; { builder = HtmlElement::build( );
 builder->add_child( , )->add_child( , ); << builder->str() << ; EXIT_SUCCESS;
} ; class HtmlBuilder { class HtmlElement string string vector constexpr static size_t 4 default const string const string friend ; class HtmlBuilder public string str ( indent = ) int32_t 0 ostringstream string ' ' "<" ">" endl if string 1 ' ' endl for auto 1 string ' ' "</" ">" endl return static unique_ptr string return { class HtmlBuilder public string HtmlBuilder * add_child ( child_name, child_text) string string return this string str () return operator HtmlElement () return int main () auto "ul" "li" "hello" "li" "world" cout endl return /*
<ul>
 <li>
 hello
 </li>
 <li>
 world
 </li>
</ul>
*/ We are forcing users here to use builder by making data members of HtmlElements private. As you can see, we have declared the HtmlBuilder & HtmlElement in the same file & to do so, we need forward declaration i.e. class HtmlBuilder; as it is an . And we can not create the object of incomplete type before compiler parses its actual declaration. The reason is simple, the compiler needs the size of an object to allocate memory for it. Hence pointer is only way around so we have taken <HtmlBuilder>. incomplete type unique_ptr Sophisticated & Fluent Builder Design Pattern Example Following is the more sophisticated example of the Builder Design Pattern in C++ organized in four different files (i.e. Person.h, Person.cpp, PersonBuilder.h PersonBuilder.cpp). Person.h ; :: m_name, m_street_address, m_post_code, m_city; :: m_company_name, m_position, m_annual_income; Person( :: name) : m_name(name) {} : ostream& <<(ostream& os, Person& obj); ;
}; # once pragma # include <iostream> using namespace std ; class PersonBuilder { class Person std string // Personal Detail std string // Employment Detail std string public friend ; class PersonBuilder friend operator const PersonBuilder static create ( :: name) std string Person.cpp PersonBuilder Person::create( name) { PersonBuilder{name}; }

ostream& <<(ostream& os, Person& obj)
{ os << obj.m_name
 << :: << << :: << << obj.m_street_address
 << << obj.m_post_code
 << << obj.m_city
 << :: << << :: << << obj.m_company_name
 << << obj.m_position
 << << obj.m_annual_income;
} # include <iostream> # include "Person.h" # include "PersonBuilder.h" string return operator const return std endl "lives : " std endl "at " " with postcode " " in " std endl "works : " std endl "with " " as a " " earning " As you can see from the above example Person may have many details like Personal & Professional. And so does the count of data members. In our case, there are 7 data members. Having a single class for all the actions needed to create a Person through constructor might make our class bloated & lose its original purpose. Moreover, the library user needs to take care of all those constructor parameters sequence. PersonBuilder.h Person person; :
 PersonBuilder( name) : person(name) {} { move(person); } ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
}; # once pragma # include "Person.h" { class PersonBuilder public string operator Person () const return PersonBuilder& lives () PersonBuilder& at ( :: street_address) std string PersonBuilder& with_postcode ( :: post_code) std string PersonBuilder& in ( :: city) std string PersonBuilder& works () PersonBuilder& with ( company_name) string PersonBuilder& as_a ( position) string PersonBuilder& earning ( annual_income) string PersonBuilder.cpp PersonBuilder& PersonBuilder::lives() { * ; }

PersonBuilder& PersonBuilder::works() { * ; }

PersonBuilder& PersonBuilder::with( company_name) {
 person.m_company_name = company_name; * ;
}

PersonBuilder& PersonBuilder::as_a( position) {
 person.m_position = position; * ;
}

PersonBuilder& PersonBuilder::earning( annual_income) {
 person.m_annual_income = annual_income; * ;
}

PersonBuilder& PersonBuilder::at( :: street_address) {
 person.m_street_address = street_address; * ;
}

PersonBuilder& PersonBuilder::with_postcode( :: post_code) {
 person.m_post_code = post_code; * ;
}

PersonBuilder& PersonBuilder::in( :: city) {
 person.m_city = city; * ;
} # include "PersonBuilder.h" return this return this string return this string return this string return this std string return this std string return this std string return this Rather stuffing all those construction related APIs into Person, we can delegate that task to separate entity i.e. PersonBuilder. Main.cpp ; {
 Person p = Person::create( )
 .lives()
 .at( )
 .with_postcode( )
 .in( )
 .works()
 .with( )
 .as_a( )
 .earning( ); < # include "Person.h" # include "PersonBuilder.h" using namespace std int main () "John" "123 London Road" "SW1 1GB" "London" "PragmaSoft" "Consultant" "10e6" cout endl return Isn’t the above construction looks more intuitive, natural & plain English? If you are concerned about blank methods like lives() & works(), then do not worry, it will be eliminated in optimization. You can also observe that we are forcing user’s to use builder rather than constructor by making the constructor private & exposing only create std::string name API. ( ) Do not over complicate things by designing an interface or abstract classes unless you need it. I have seen this in many Builder Design Pattern Examples on Web. Benefits of Builder Design Pattern The number of lines of code increases at least to double in builder pattern. But the effort pays off in terms of design flexibility, fewer or no parameters to the constructor and much more readable code. Builder Design Pattern also helps in minimizing the number of parameters in constructor & thus there is no need to pass in for optional parameters to the constructor. null Immutable objects can be built without much complex logic in the object building process. Segregating construction from makes the object representation slice & precise. Having a builder entity separate provides the flexibility of creating & instantiating different objects representations. object representation Summary by FAQs When should the Builder Design Pattern be used? Whenever creation of new object requires setting many parameters and some of them (or all of them) are optional. Why do we need a Builder class when implementing a Builder Design Pattern? It isn’t necessary but there are some benefits in doing so: The concern of building object should be in the separate entity as per . SRP The original object would not be bloated. Easy & maintainable code. Testing & understanding a constructor with many input arguments gets exponentially more complicated. Greatest Advantage of Builder Design Pattern! More expressive code. MyClass o = new MyClass(5, 5.5, 'A', var, 1000, obj9, "hello"); Instead MyClass o = MyClass.builder().a(5).b(5.5).c('A').d(var).e(1000).f(obj9).g("hello"); You can see which data member is being assigned by what & even change the order of assignment. What’s the difference between Abstract Factory and Builder Design Pattern? Factory produces the objects in wholesale that could be any object from inheritance hierarchy(like Point, Point2D, Point3D). While Builder deals with instantiation of an object that is limited to a single object(Although this statement is still debatable). You see Factory is all about wholesale object creation while the builder is piecewise object creation. In both the patterns, you can separate out the mechanism related to object creation in other classes. Previously published at http://www.vishalchovatiya.com/builder-design-pattern-in-modern-cpp/

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Design Patterns: Builder Pattern in Modern C++

As per the , 30.7 million small businesses have been set up in the United States. When you research the reasons for this many numbers, you will realize that there are no limits on who can become the entrepreneur. Setting up the business won't require any college degree, godfather, and a bunch of money. Small Business Administration reports 2019 To set up the business, you need to have the potential to plan and execute an excellent idea in the marketplace that is unknown by now. This is a remarkable career that offers flexibility to grow, working towards financial independence, and investing in yourself. Doesn't it sound good? This career is not as simple as it seemed. Not every small business is positioned for success. To be more precise, approximately two-thirds of the businesses have faced failure in the early-stage. When you decide to take the plunge to become an entrepreneur and set up the United States business, you need to make sure that you are following all the necessary steps. Keep on reading this comprehensive guide for setting up the business in the US. Always remember to take one step at a time; it will become easy for you to be on the way to become a successful small business owner. Do Market Research If you are thinking of starting a new business in the US, there are maximum chances that you are already packed with a business idea. So, now this is the high time to balance it with the reality check. It would help if you started researching your business's validation and success rate before you go any further. The idea should be a problem solver and hold the potential to fulfill the requirements and demands the market is looking for. You can use an array of options to identify the requirements of your product in the market. Let's say, through a focus group, trail methods, and research work. When you start exploring your business, prepare some question with you: How is the competition? Is there any other product similar to your business idea in the market? Who are the buyers of the product? How can you survive in the fierce competition? Do you have any other marketplace to scale up the business? Make your Business plan Always remember that your business plan is the foundation of your business. It is like a roadmap that will help you visualize the structure, how, methods to run the business, and seek growth in the business world. So, it is a must-have for all new businesses. It is a way to think through the elements of the company. This will help you to plan for the funding or bring new partners abroad. Investors will only say yes to your startup, when they strongly believe that your business ideas have some potential to change the world. Therefore, this business plan will also help you to convince investors or any business partner. Prepare for Your Finances Starting a new business in the US doesn't require a lot of money; it will involve some initial investments and cover all the expenses before gaining profit. Before starting the business, you should prepare a spreadsheet that estimates the one-time costs for setting up the business. You will definitely be going to spend some money buying equipment, leasing or renting a property, obtaining licenses and permits, gathering legal fees, insurance, branding, market research, inventory, trademarking, utilities, production, supplies, travel expenses, employee salaries, your own salary, and much more. All these expenses will come under the initial investment block that you need to gather. However, there are several ways to get your business funded, such as: Crowdfunding Financing Small business loans Angel investors Small business grants You can also choose to by investing as little capital as necessary to start your business. So, the main goal here is to create a business plan and work through the options for setting up the capital you need to get your business off the ground. bootstrap your business Choose Business Location You will need to register your business, get the licenses, and permits in the place where you want to , before thinking about registering and obtaining any permits or paying taxes. You have to decide where you want to set up the business in the US. You have to look for the target marketplace, personal preferences, and business partners. Moreover, it would help if you also considered the benefits, government agencies' restrictions, and costs. incorporate your business Select a Business Structure Before setting up the US business, you need to select your business structure as per the requirements and needs of your plan. Here is the business structure in the US that you can opt: A sole proprietorship Partnership Limited liability company (LLC) Corporation Remember that the selected business entity will definitely impact your business idea, name filing the taxes, and adding liabilities and assets. Depending on the complexity and requirement of the business, you can choose any business structure. Register Your Business Name It's not at all an easy task to choose the perfect business name. The selected business should reflect the brand and hold the potential to capture the customer's spirit and attention. And you have to ensure that you choose the unique business name; it should not be used by someone else. Ensure that you think through all the potential implications as you explore your business name, and select the right business name. Your job is not finished yet. After selecting a name for your business, you will need to check whether other companies trademark it or not. If no, then you will need to register it. If you're thinking of setting up a sole proprietor, you have to register your business name with either the state or country. However, to register the business name for Corporations, LLCs, or limited partnerships, you need to complete the paperwork and file it accordingly. What's more, ensure that you have to register your domain name once you have selected your business name. Obtain Licenses and Permits The next step you need to follow to set up the US business is getting licenses and permits for your business. Always remember that when you start a business, paperwork will become an integral part of it. And for operating the small business, you would need to have a variety of small business licenses and permits depending on the business type and where you are thinking of locating it. Research what licenses and permits you should apply for your business during the startup process. Get a federal tax ID number To start a business in the US, you would also need to apply for the federal tax number. The federal tax number is your Employer Identification Number (EIN). You would require this pin to hire employees, open the bank account, pay federal taxes, and get the business's permits and license. When you have registered your business in your preferred location with the best-fit business structure, you have to . It is free to apply, so you should do it. Here are some of the cases where your business requires you to have a federal tax ID. apply for an EIN from IRS website Working with certain types of organization Filing tax returns for employment, excise, or alcohol, tobacco, and firearms Pays employees Withholds taxes on income, other than wages, paid to a non-resident alien Operates as a corporation of partnership Your nine-digit federal tax ID becomes available immediately upon verification. Start Promoting Your Small Business Once you are done with the requirements to set up the business, you need to start looking for the best ways to attract clients and customers. You have to start writing a market plan for your business. Therefore, start exploring more small business ideas for your startup as possible to decide how to promote your business effectively. Final Thoughts This article is all about preparing you to set up a business in the US. Follow all the necessary steps and abide by the rules and regulations, to set up a business in the marketplace hassle-free. Don't forget, success doesn't happen overnight. You have to create a plan that consistently works to grow your business and increase your success chances.

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A Comprehensive Guide to Starting a Business in the USA

When you hear the word “event”, what comes to mind? A concert? A political rally? Today, with COVID-19 still at large, the word "event" also brings to mind something "digital" or "streaming" with respect to social media platforms. And for e-commerce brands trying to survive and maintain and/or , the word “event” can have a much more varied meaning. enhance customer loyalty In 2020's marketing sphere, an event could be someone clicking on a social media post or a Google Ads link that takes them to a specialty landing page. Indeed, the most powerful events are the ones that lead to a conversion, such as purchasing a product or registering for a newsletter. "Conversion", when we are referring to internet marketing, occurs when a visitor to your website and/or social media accounts completes the company's desired goal (or "events"), such as filling out a questionnaire, form, or making a purchase.  The percentage of total visitors who engage in this behavior is known as the "conversion rate." With the right setup, these conversion events are much easier to track than sales that occur in a brick and mortar store. And with the global coronavirus pandemic , the ability to track these events has become more important than ever, especially in the UK markets. driving e-commerce growth across the globe driving Amazon, for example, is expected to benefit the most from the COVID-19 surge in demand for online retail, adding an extra 2 billion pounds in UK sales, totaling 31.1 billion pounds by the end of 2020, which 1 billion pounds from analysts' initial predictions prior to the COVID-19 outbreak. Department stores, on the other hand, will continue to suffer following months of store closures, with growth declining from initial predictions of  -1.1% to -17.8%, to an estimated 2.9 billion pounds in 2020, as shoppers are expected to continue to shop online despite stores reopening. Additionally, convenience stores' growth is down 1% (5.2%) from 6.2% prior to COVID-19, but is still expected to reach 28.4 billion pounds in 2020. So, understanding how these events occur in the scope of your larger marketing efforts is essential for making the adjustments to grow your business. While you may think that you need extensive coding knowledge to gain meaningful insights, this actually isn’t the case. Have You Played With Facebook's 'Event Setup' Tool? It's time to simplify your business' social media tracking. As you know, Facebook has been in the "hot seat" in front of the public for many years for data privacy concerns. Now in the middle of an advertising controversy, Facebook continues to battle against hundreds of brands that have implemented a against advertising on both Facebook and Instagram's platform due to the platforms’ failures in limiting hate speech. month-long boycott The campaign, is backed by the NAACP, Anti-Defamation League, Sleeping Giants and other activist organizations, which since June, have called on businesses to stop advertising on the site after the death of George Floyd. Stop Hate for Profit But with big brands pulling out from Facebook's advertising platform, including among others, the platform is definitely hurting (and so are we as consumers/users). Adidas, Ben & Jerry's, Best Buy, Coca-Cola, Disney+, Dunkin Donuts, Eddie Bauer, Gamestop, Habitat for Humanity, Hershey, Mozilla, Reebok, Walgreens, Williams-Sonoma, Inc., A of brands can be viewed on the campaign's website. full list No doubt through the campaign will this bring about some serious changes to Facebook's policies, but this certainly won't diminish the importance of the social media giant in the digital marketing world. HubSpot A recent report from HubSpot, a full platform of marketing, sales, customer service, and CRM software (which I use in my own business), revealed that that of online shoppers are more likely to buy an item based on a social media referral. 71 percent Another survey conducted by MarketingWeek found that of shoppers actively use social media for shopping. 31 percent Facebook Pixel offers a convenient way to set up and track events without extensive coding knowledge. Facebook Pixel For the uninitiated, is a code that you place on your website, which collects data (careful!) that helps you track conversions from Facebook ads, optimize ads, build targeted audiences for future ads, and to people who have already taken some kind of action on your website. Over time, the tracking pixel data helps ensure that you improve your Facebook ad conversion rate and get better ROI. Pixel Well, if you don't want to dive into it yourself, you can have a Facebook event partner set up the code for you. Once the pixel is installed, you can set up custom events through the Facebook Event Setup Tool — no coding required. After selecting Pixels under your Events Manager tab, you have the option to track events based on a URL or button click. The ability to track different conversion types also ensures that you are tracking the metrics that matter most for your business and its current campaigns. Replace Google Analytics. Seriously. As important as social media can be, there is no denying the power of Google. Google Analytics can help you track just about everything related to your website. Bounce rate, on-site conversions based on traffic sources — you name it. For many people, however, getting into the nitty-gritty of events tracking requires more coding know-how than they have. This is especially true if they want to set up custom events to track the performance of a new landing page or understand how the average customer journeys through their website before making a purchase. Turning coded events into actionable insights, is yet another challenge. This is where analytics tools like come in, which I have begun integrating into my own business. Oribi Rather than needing to rely on coders or developers, Oribi makes it easy to create and track custom events by automatically tracking all page visits, button clicks, and other custom actions that take place on your site. What I loved most was the seamless, user-friendly ability to export the events I wish to track in Oribi to Google Analytics and Facebook, to use these actions for campaign optimization. Once you export an event to Google Analytics, create a new custom goal based on “event” actions. Defining the goal to match the exported Oribi event ensures that data tracking and campaign optimization will take place based on your campaign requirements — but without any additional coding on your end. All coding is handled on the back-end within the tool, greatly reducing your workload. If you’re running ads on Facebook, you can use the tool to export events directly to your ads manager. This type of event tracking can even go so far as to compare the influence of different types of content on purchasing decisions. Such insights could help you make smarter marketing and content creation decisions to drive more conversions. Prioritizing the Right Custom Events Not all custom events are created equal. Even with tools that essentially eliminate the need for coding when setting up custom events, the events you track will only be as useful as what you do with the insights you gain from them. Remember, an event can describe any action that takes place on your site: a video view, a form submission, or someone clicking on your contact page. The insights you gain from event tracking can help you identify whether any of these actions contribute to conversions. Once you have a custom events report in hand, you need to take action. Are on-page videos increasing signups for your email list, and in turn, contributing to conversions? Then you may want to invest in more video content. On the other hand, if one landing page doesn’t generate many clicks, you should reassess that page’s content to identify any potential design issues. No coding knowledge is needed to look over an insight report. But you will need to have an analytical mindset in order to understand which events are having the biggest impact on your bottom line. This will help you implement the right changes in a timely manner so you can increase digital traffic and conversions. Smarter ‘Events’ Are Within Reach The of COVID-19 means most businesses are unlikely to host in-person events anytime soon. Conversely, the power of digital conversion events will only continue to become more pronounced. ongoing impact By leveraging easy to use tools that help you better understand your e-commerce conversion process, you will be better equipped with the information you need to make actionable changes, and hopefully not being negatively impacted (any further) by COVID-19.

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How to Set Up Custom Events On Facebook and Google Without Code

That's likely a question that you've never asked yourself, but as a manager, it's an important one. Career conversations are an important part of We’re going to define 5 levels that will make it easier for you to have a better career conversation. Through self-reflection or 360 feedback, it should be relatively easy to know where you stand. You can then set the next highest level as a tangible goal to improve. career development. Each level builds on top of the previous one. Let’s dive in. Level 0 Description: Manager never initiates any conversations with employees about their careers or development. If the employee brings up a career conversation the manager is not helpful. They’re either dismissive, unsupportive, ignorant, or don’t offer any insights. Grade: F You don’t want to be this manager! The good news is that it’s hard to be at this level. The most likely explanation is that you don’t believe in supporting your employees’ careers and development. You may believe that it’s not your job or that it’s not in the best interest of the organization. If so, I think you’re mistaken, though I would be curious to understand that point of view better. Here are some of the potential risks of not supporting them: Decreased engagement Decreased motivation Decreased innovation and creativity Lack of trust and goodwill Tips for improvement: Be prepared to answer the following questions from your employees: How do promotions work? What are the different career paths? What is my next role, and what does it take to get there? What should I be working on to progress in my career? Discuss this with your manager, HR, and peers. You want your answers to be accurate and consistent with the rest of the department. Level 1 Description: Manager doesn’t initiate conversations about careers and development. Manager is helpful when the employee initiates a career conversation. Grade: C This is better than nothing. At Level 1 you may think that you don’t have time to support their careers and that it’s their responsibility. You’re at least providing value to them. If you’re good at responding when they initiate a career conversation, you may even add a lot of value. You can do much better though. Here are some of the downsides of this level: It’s not equitable. The people that are comfortable and skilled at initiating career conversations will benefit more than those who aren’t. It’s hard to know what you don’t know. The employee can only bring up career topics and options that they’re familiar with. This could leave some valuable conversations out. The employee is making all the effort which is not as good at building trust and goodwill. If there’s little trust the employee is less likely to share their career goals. Tips for improvement: Schedule multiple times throughout the year to have career conversations. Prepare for each conversation. Make sure you understand career progressions in your department well. Anticipate common questions. Level 2 Description: Manager initiates some career conversations, usually at review time. Manager discusses the employee’s career options in the department (e.g. career ladder and/or different tracks). Manager discusses the employee’s next role, where they stand, and how to get there. Grade: B This is pretty good. You could consider this your target level or your minimum requirement. At Level 2 you're taking an active role in the career conversations. Your focus is helping employees progress their careers at your company. This is reasonable and will provide solid value to the employee. You can still do better! Here are some of the downsides of this level: The default progressions in your department may be limiting to some employees. Focusing on the next role may feel transactional and less inspiring. The focus is on the benefit to the company which is sub-optimal for building trust and goodwill. Tips for improvement: Expand the scope of your career conversations. Get curious about them as individuals and about their career goals: What are their personal goals? How much is career growth important to them? What kind of growth are they looking for right now? What are they passionate about? What do they want to learn? Expand the career options that you’re comfortable discussing beyond the next role in your department. Talk about career and growth frequently in your 1-1s. Experiment with a variety of different conversations and questions. Level 3 Description: Manager discusses the employee’s Career with a capital C. Manager takes a more holistic view of their career unconstrained by the roles available in the department, or even the company. Career conversations explore short-term and long-term goals. Conversations occur more frequently throughout the year. Employees trust the manager enough to shares their true career goals. Grade: A- This is a great target level for all managers. The big difference at this level is that for the first time we’re putting the goals of the individual on par with the goals of the company. We’ve made the transition to in the belief that the best way to serve the company is to serve the company the individual. We're proactively supporting the individual. This not only builds trust and goodwill; it also adds a lot more value to them! If they trust you, they are more likely to tell you what they really want. This gives you a much better chance to find them work they love. It’s not crazy to say that if you do this well you could have a profound effect on someone’s career, maybe even their life. servant leadership and Tips for improvement: At this level improvement becomes harder. Progressing through the earlier levels is mostly a question of taking the time to perform various actions. To progress beyond Level 3 you have to view career conversations as a and get serious about working on it. skill Read Radical Candor Three Powerful Conversations Managers Must Have to Develop Their People Three Questions Every Manager Struggles with Making Career Development Plans Different 1-1 question banks , , and here here here Practice Have career conversations often with different people and reflect. What went well, what could have gone better? Have mock conversations with peers or a coach. Work on your . listening skills Use mindfulness training to improve your . emotional intelligence Get feedback Ask your team members for feedback. What was helpful to them? What wasn’t? Use an and pay attention to the scores related to career support. upward feedback survey Get feedback from a coach, your manager, or HR. Get a coach or a mentor Level 4 Description: Manager inspires the employee. Manager motivates the employee. Manager expands the employee’s realm of career possibilities. Manager sees potential that the employee doesn’t see in themselves. Grade: A+ The Picasso of career conversations! This is Level 3 executed at an expert level. The other levels are attainable through effort and knowledge. This one is not. This level requires superb emotional intelligence, listening, and job crafting skills. You need to have a great feel for asking insightful questions. You have to know when and how to push people out of their comfort zones and when to reassure and build up their confidence. You have the humility to coach people to find their own path instead of imposing your vision. This level requires the skills and the dedication to apply them, one good career conversation at a time. This is really hard to do consistently. Which is exactly what you want for an expert level! Final thoughts These levels are not perfect They’re not going to be neat and precise, and they don’t capture all the subtleties of career conversations. You may find that you don’t fit nicely in any of them. You may reach a higher level with one employee versus another. As imperfect as they are, they can be helpful The benefit of these levels is using them for a quick self-assessment: . . What level are you at with each of your team members? What would you have to change to move up one level? If you realize that you’re not at the level you want to be, don’t be too hard on yourself. You have a lot on your plate and chances are you’ve had little to no training on career conversations. Being a better career conversationalist is a great way to add value to each of your team members. Each career conversation is an opportunity to build trust, increase engagement, and job satisfaction. If you can have them often and skillfully your team will be more likely to stay, perform at a high level, and be happy. Challenge yourself to get to the next level!

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Before I began my freelance writing career, I was intrigued by the idea and wanted to pursue this career for quite a few reasons. However, I had absolutely no clue how to do it! One night, I happened to google , and discovered at least a few of the ways she suggested looking for freelance writing positions were things I was completely comfortable doing. It was so exciting to know how to go about becoming a freelance writer! 11 Ways to Find Freelance Writing Jobs (As a Beginner) A couple days later I was knee deep in creating a simple writing website for myself and posting on a job board looking for writing gigs. Within about six days of posting to the job board, during the winter holidays, I had gotten two inquiries for my services and one turned into my first ever client! I have been a freelance writer for about six weeks now, and I have been hired by three clients with at least three more promising potential clients I am corresponding with. While this isn’t a huge amount of success, things have progressed a lot faster than I ever imagined they could have. It has taken a lot of hard work and some frustration, but most of it has been a fun learning experience. Not to mention I am now making money doing something I absolutely love! What do you need to know about breaking out as a freelance writer? Here are a few of the key points you need to consider as you start your new career: 1. Find a way to make it work for you. I have learned during my journey as a blogger as well as in my weight loss journey, that in order to be successful long-term, I need to do things in a way that works for me. I have to be willing to do what needs to be done, and I also need to do it in a way that fits my needs and personality. Of the twenty ways Elna Cain’s blog listed for finding freelance writing jobs, posting to a writing gigs job board was a great way for me to put myself out there in a way I was comfortable with. I decided to go with because I was already familiar with it. Still, it was scary to write up an ad putting myself and my writing in the limelight, but it was a means to an end and I was also very excited! Craigslist You can’t possibly learn everything there is to know before you start work as a freelance writer, and there will inevitably be something someone will ask that you will need to research in order to give them an answer. I read a lot of pieces about freelance writing and other freelance writers’ experiences, but I still received inquiries that required me to research before responding.  For example, I wasn’t sure what to charge for a particular service or how to go about doing it. Some requests I had to say no to, but some were within my realm of abilities, so it was profitable for me to research them! 3. Constantly scout and apply for positions. Whether you use a freelancing website such as Upwork or a classifieds website such as Craigslist, you should consistently look for and apply to writing jobs. For me personally, I check Craigslist nightly and sometimes more often, which is a lot of work but provides me with a lot of opportunities as well. The more job posts you answer, the more opportunities you will have. Over half of my work has come from my emailing people on Craigslist. If you go that route, watch out for the too good to be true listings, and be careful in general. Good-name.org is a participant in several affiliate programs. If you purchase any items through our affiliate links Good Name will earn a commission at no extra cost to you. 4. Highlight why you are best for whatever gig you are applying for. Chances are you’ve heard the saying, “put your best foot forward.” Well in this case, you need to put your best assets forward when applying for writing gigs. Highlight why you in particular are best suited for what your potential client is looking for in a writer. Are you an expert on the topic? Do you have applicable life experience? Is their topic particularly interesting to you? Mention those things because those are the things that could get you hired over someone else! 5. Use guest posts on other blogs as writing samples, experience, and exposure! for free on other blogs can be a wonderful way for you to get experience and exposure. Not to mention if you don’t have any professional writing experience, they can be used as writing samples to send to potential clients or as a portfolio of your work to show them. My suggestion is to check the person’s blog for engagement and views first, and make sure the time required will be worth it to you. Guest posting 6. Exceed your clients’ expectations and make sure you check back in with them. As you get hired for jobs, make sure you exceed your clients’ expectations. Send your work earlier or faster than expected, be considerate and professional, and proofread and edit your writing thoroughly before sending it in. Continue to check in with your clients even after your work is done and you’ve been paid. Send them an email to ask how they’re doing and if they would like you to do any more work for them. Let them know you’re available to help with their next project. This will go a long way in proving to them that you are worth the time and money! These lessons have gotten me so far already in such a short period of time and I firmly believe they will be able to help you too!

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In this article, we describe the fundamental components of any market, whether it’s the stock market, forex, or cryptocurrencies. Each novice trader must be at first familiar with all the possibilities of working with the and later improve his skills. It is no secret that the modern format of interaction with the market falls on the space, and therefore, all kinds of utilities and indicators can increase one's productivity. market digital What is the Market Depth? In simple terms, Depth of Market (DOM), also known as the order book, is an indicator that reflects the mood of bidders and is one of the most important tools of any trader. Visually, it is displayed as a list with digital indicators of current orders to buy/sell a specific asset at prices set by the participants. Through the examination of this indicator, one can the level of demand and supply, and give a short-term forecast, which is subsequently used in “scalping”. analyze Scalping — is a strategy of making a profit on short time scales. Advanced traders use it focusing on many market factors, which allows them to extract income from intraday price fluctuations. At times of high volume on the market, a large number of orders appear, which are structured by DOM. The tool displays all open orders, which will further affect the pricing. It helps to evaluate the superiority of demand and supply and determine the most liquid price level. The order book has the following features: A graphical representation of available liquidity on each priceline. All orders are displayed only with a set cost. Each order has several sellers and buyers. It does not distinguish between stop orders for closing positions, orders for opening and purchases on borrowed funds The Effectiveness of the DOM The approaches to the implementation of trade are constantly being improved by market participants, and therefore more updated trading strategies constantly arise. That is why today traders use the Depth of Market to a lesser extent then they used it relevant earlier. The point is, that despite the useful properties of this indicator, processing such a huge array of orders is an uncomfortable moment in the work, which also makes it difficult to assess the current trading situation. Often there are some hidden and fictitious orders, which negatively affect the productivity of inexperienced traders. The advantage of the book of orders usage remains, but it is achieved through the combination of the chart and the order tape (time & sales). That allows users to identify the target stock within a certain price range. The Importance of Trading Volume Trading volume is one of the most closely watched indicators for tracking the general activity of the market, which shows the volume of purchase and sale of securities. It is the total number of stocks, bonds or commodity futures contracts sold over a given period. Daily, exchanges publish data on the volume of trades, both for individual transactions and the total amount of trades completed on the exchange. The trading volume shows market liquidity, as well as supply and demand for securities. It also reflects price dynamics. When a market activity is low, investors expect a slower moving of prices. When market activity rises, prices usually move in the same direction. A low level of security may indicate a lack of confidence among investors. It can generate price volatility and mirror factors that, from an investment point of view are untrustworthy. In contrast, the high volume of a particular security may indicate that traders trust investment in the long run. It also gives investors more time to determine when it’s the right time to sell for a profit. A Build Stage of Support & Resistance The concept of support and resistance lines is extremely simple and serves as the basis for technical analysis. This toolkit is located in the list of the most constantly used by traders. In this connection, any beginner needs to understand the point. Support is the ground level at which buyers control prices and prevent their further decline. Resistance is the level at which sellers control prices. Support levels reflect the price, which gives the investor hope for an increase. Resistance levels are the opposite (top floor) — they show the price from which the investor expects a decline. Traders use these lines to determine the strength of the trend, that is, the rise or fall of the price. An uptrend with a breakout (movement through an identified level of support) signals a high probability of further growth in the price of an asset, and a downtrend is, respectively, an opposite situation. The support and resistance lines are classified according to four main parameters: Time-scale Length Number of turning points Slope angle The larger the time-scale is, the more important the line. Accordingly, the lines on the month chart are more important than on the daily chart. The duration of the constructed line of support or resistance is also of great importance. The longer it is, the more reliable it is as a reversal signal in case of breakdown, and the less reliable it is as a guideline that accompanies the current trend. The same can be noticed about the number of turning points. Their amount displays the reliability and potential of the current positions during the analysis. The slope angle between the line and the horizontal axis shows the trend of the market and the underlying sentiment. The steeper the line, the faster the trend is developing. Closing Line The trading tools considered above are the starting point in working with the exchange. Certain practice and constant improvement of one’s skills are required to achieve high results of professional traders. The best option is to combine existing indicators to identify more accurate market performance. Only multiple strategies and tools tend to provide the best opportunities. One should always remember that there all kinds of risk factors that should be taken into account and protect his capital from adverse price fluctuations. Even the strongest-looking setups with the best entry points have a chance to change their trend. Written by KickAcademy Team for better trading experience on KickEX crypto exchange .

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Yie old Reliable Data Structures and Their Controversial (Write) Access. Using objects as data structures is an established practice that generates many problems associated with the maintainability and evolution of software and misuses brilliant concepts that were stated five decades ago. In this first part we will reflect on the writing access of these objects. In his classic 1972 paper , David Parnas defined a novel and foundational concept for modern software engineering: Information Hiding. The rule is straightforward: If we hide our implementation we can change it as many times as necessary. Prior to Parnas’ paper, there were no clear rules on information accessing and it was not a questionable practice to dive into data structures, penalizing any change with dreaded ripple effect. Let’s see how to model a Cartesian point: x; y;
} { struct Point float float Any software component that manipulates these points will be coupled to saving values ​​as Cartesian x and y coordinates ( Accidental implementation ). Since it's just a data structure without operations, the attribute's semantics will be different according to every programmer’s criterion. Coupling: The One and Only Software Designing Problem Hence, if we want to change the accidental implementation of the point to its polar coordinates analogous: angle; distance;
} { struct Point float float Same point can be represented in two different ways The polar representation (√2, π/8) is equivalent to the Cartesian (1, 1) Since it is the same point in real world, it must necessarily be represented by the same object in our bijection. The One and Only Software Design Principle Bijection always depends on the subjectivity of the aspects we are trying to model. In order to draw a polygon, the Cartesian (1, 1) and polar (√2, π / 8) points are the same point. The case of trying to represent several possible mathematical representations would be different if we were programming Wolfram semantics. In such case representation is part of the problem se they would be modeled by different objects. The solution is simple. Hide the internal representation. As Parnas predicted, many of the code maintainability issues were fixed by encapsulating the decisions within the modules that define them. This is what the magnificent paper is all about. The next evolutionary step Upon object oriented programming arrival, the concepts of encapsulation and information hiding were taken to an atomic extreme. We are no longer talking about encapsulating within a module but within the same object . Returning to the previous example, we move from: { $x; $y;
} final class Point private private towards representation change: { $angle; $distance;
} final class Point private private A good design is one in which objects are coupled to responsibilities ( interfaces ) and not representations. Therefore, if we define a good point interface , they can arbitrarily change their representation (even on runtime) without propagating any ripple effect. { $x; $y; { ->x;
 } { ->y;
 }
} final class Point private private public function x () return $this public function y () return $this when representation changes … { $angle; $distance; { ->distance * cos( ->angle);
 } { ->distance * sin( ->angle);
 }
} final class Point private private public function x () return $this $this public function y () return $this $this … everything continues to work correctly. Algorithms and Data If we were working with the old rule: programs = algorithms + data structures … then we could build excellent software with setters and getters. This article assumes that we are eager to build, with declarative objects, models in where implementation hides behind the objects responsibilities. These responsibilities will be the same on the bijection between these objects and the real world. What is (wrong with) software? Involution Despite the benefits listed in the examples above, the current state of the art shows us many problems related to coupling and ripple effect. Most are generated by the ingrained habit of using setters and getters (or simply: accessors). Photo by Johannes Plenio on Unsplash t’s look at setters and getters as separate problems. Le Setters Changing the internal state of an object violates the principle of immutability. This is discouraged since, in the real world, objects do not mutate in their . essence Is it Crystal Clear for Everybody That a Date Should Not Mutate? The only method allowed to write to attributes is the atomic initialization. From then on, the variables should be read-only. If we stay true to bijection, we will notice that there are never messages with the form ..() in the real world. These are implementation tricks programmers use, and they break good models. setAttribute We will never be able to explain to a business expert what responsibility these methods have from the name. Let’s imagine a polygon as a data structure. { $vertices;
} final class Polygon public Let’s assume that the polygon has at least three vertices. Being a data structure, we cannot impose such restriction. Using our amazing IDE with automatic code generation, we add the and to it. setters getters { $vertices; { ->vertices;
 } { ->vertices = $newVertices;
 }
} final class Polygon private public : function getVertices () Collection return $this public function setVertices (Collection $newVertices) $this Let's try adding the constraint on the number of vertices in the constructor: { $vertices; { (count($newVertices < )) { ( );
 } ->vertices = $newVertices;
 }
} final class Polygon private private function __construct (Collection $newVertices) if 3 throw new Exception 'Cannot create a polygon with less than 3 vertices' $this From now on, it will be impossible to create a polygon with less than three sides, thus fulfilling the bijection with the real world of Euclidean geometry. Unless we use our setter ... Nothing prevents us from running this code: $triangle = Polygon([( Point( , ), Point( , ), Point( , ))]);
$triangle->setVertices([( Point( , )]); new new 1 1 new 2 2 new 3 3 new 1 1 At this point we have two options: Duplicate the business logic in the constructor and in the setter.Eliminate the setter permanently, favoring immutability In case of accepting the repeated code, the ripple effect begins to spread when our restrictions grow. For example, if we make the precondition even stronger: Let’s assume that the polygon has at least three different vertices. The correct answer, according to our design axioms, is the second. Repeated or absent logic of invariant verification Many objects have invariants that guarantee their cohesion and the validity of the representation to maintain real world bijection. Allowing partial setting (an attribute) would force us to control representation invariants in , generating , which is always error-prone when modifying a reference and ignoring other references. more than one place repeating code Code generated without control Many development environments give us the possibility to automate the generation of setters and getters. This leads to new programmers generations thinking it is a good design practice, generating vices that are difficult to correct. Laziness Chapter II: Code Wizards This facility spreads the problem, having this tool gives the feeling that it is an accepted practice. Recommendations Do not use . There are no good reasons for doing so. setters Having methods named is a code smell. setSomething… () Have no public attributes. For practical purposes it is like having and . setters getters Have no public static attributes. In addition to what is mentioned above, the classes should be stateless and this is a showing a class that is used as a global variable. code smell Avoid (those containing just attributes without responsibilities). This is a hinting some missing object on the bijection. anemic objects code smell Conclusions Using setters generates coupling and prevents the incremental evolution of our computer systems. For the arguments stated in this article, we should restrict its use as much as possible. The Getters As with setters, getters are discouraged. We develop this topic in depth in this article: Nude Models - Part II : Getters Part of the objective of this series of articles is to generate spaces for debate and discussion on software design. We look forward to comments and suggestions on this article.

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Nude Models - Part I : Setters 

An Introduction to Machine Learning for Finance. In the modern world, businesses should pay close attention to the technology to be competitive on the market. Sure, there are some industries that don’t require constant improvement and can do just as well with legacy technologies, but that is definitely not true about companies that provide financial services. In this article, you will learn how is machine learning used in finance and what this particular technology can bring to elevate the businesses. Machine Learning (ML) is a subdivision of Artificial Intelligence and the subset of Data Science, which can make conclusions and predictions according to data. To get the results ML uses algorithms to draw conclusions and learn without being heavily programmed to do so. With the right set of data and proficient experts for support, Machine Learning can do wonders. Here is how the most common machine learning applications for finance look like: According to research by , Finance is placed fifth in the list of the industries where AI/ML projects are doing good after the implementation. What is all the buzz is about and does really Machine Learning in Financial Services is as good as advertised? There is definitely value behind the hype and I will explain why. IIoT World Why you need Machine Learning in Financial Services? Those companies that had already embraced the technology already know, that you can easily point out three main reasons ML improved their business: ML allows monitoring a significant number of transactions in real-time - hundreds or even thousand, which is crucial for financial organizations. The system with this technology can not only detect suspicious activity but take action on it, far more quickly and precisely than humans ever can. AI and ML solutions can deal with the fraud that happens in Financial Services, that’s a fact, but the effectiveness of that solutions largely depends on the expertise of the developers and data, available for processing. Improved security By helping employees to get rid of routine tasks, ML provides better automation for the entire organization as a result. The big amount of paperwork can be replaced easily and the chatbots, for example, can answer basic client requests 24/7. Cost savings Boost in productivity as well as providing better customer experiences leads to the revenue increase. Not only ML-powered organization has a better brand image but also has and additional resources (that were freed up by technology) to provide new services or focus on new business opportunities. Increased revenue Why Fraud Detection is the most interesting among other machine learning applications in finance? Dealing with money, security is the main priority of financial organizations. Criminals are also becoming smarter, and they are constantly improving their fraudulent schemes. That’s the main reason why for Finance. Security solutions are the priority for financial organizations, and they are willing to focus their AI/ML budgets on fraud detection, as illustrated here: Fraud Detection is so important The difference between traditional methods for Fraud Detection and are dramatic and can make a big impact in real-world scenarios. If you are still hanging to your existing and not “smart” security solution, consider this: ML-powered solutions Detecting suspicious activity automatically and alerting on it in real-time is a treasure for any financial organization because this can benefit both clients and companies. With ML-based Fraud Detection solution is way harder for criminals to use companies for illegal cash flow, as any suspicious activity will be alerted on immediately. As the simplest example, the ML solution can detect and alert on duplicate transactions right on the spot. Whether it is a mistake or some fraudulent activity - notification will be sent as the second transaction happens. In the bigger picture, such an issue can cost an enormous amount of money. The prices for Fraud Detection solution may vary because problems and the scale are different, as well as the methods to deal with the challenges. Every case is unique and requires a custom approach. However, it is certain that the ML solution requires an accurate dataset, functionality of rule-based engines, and most importantly - proficient data science experts. It is usual for financial companies to partner with third-party data science experts to handle the Fraud Detection project. powered by Machine Learning Top 5 of other prominent Machine Learning use cases in Finance in 2020 While the security is that important, there are few other usages of Machine Learning for Finance worth mentioning: Natural Language Processing (NLP) technology uses Machine Learning for understanding text. How can you benefit from this? Algorithms can be trained to search for and interpret the meaning of news, social media posts, and any other data sources. This is already a reality - even trends, emerging in the financial industry, can be processed automatically to give you the latest insights on the market situation or maybe your brand image according to the information on the web. Sentiment and News Analysis Speaking of AI there had been a lot of talk about computers replacing humans. In most cases, it’s not true, but this is definitely the area were smart algorithms can do the job better. This is especially true for big corporations with large databases and the ability to hire data scientists. Machine Learning solutions can be adjusted to analyze historical information from the past and make calculated decisions. Loan and Insurance Underwriting The first attempts to create automated systems for trading had appeared almost 50 years ago! In 2020, Machine Learning algorithms play an important part in fine-tuning trading decisions for financial organizations. Traders and hedge funds keep their AI aces in their sleeves, so we can’t get accurate information about the current state of ML approaches for trading. However, we can say that they use it as much as possible because they are always for winning strategies. Algorithmic Trading Chatbots seem to be everywhere now and Finance is not an exception. was one of the pioneering banks, introducing AI-powered chatbot for their Facebook Messenger, simplifying the access to the client accounts and basic functions. Now it is possible for a chatbot to expand that functionality, giving a client update on saving status, the balance, or the amount of savings on a specific date. Customer Service Wells Fargo Have you ever heard of this term? This financial service is now a common thing. The portfolio of the client can now be managed in the form of an online service that uses ML algorithms to manage wealth. Let's say, a user wants to quit his job when he’s 40, he has a certain amount of money which he dares to invest in IT. All he has to do is to put in that data, set goals, and ML algorithms will provide him the best financial suggestions and opportunities available at the moment. Robo-advisory “Some people call this artificial intelligence, but the reality is this technology will enhance us. So instead of artificial intelligence, I think we'll augment our intelligence.”  Ginni Rometty, Executive Chairman of IBM Conclusion Machine Learning for Finance has a bright future ahead, as the opportunities to implement the technology will only grow. predicted that this year only 15% of customer interaction with the organization will be human-to-human, while the majority of interactions will be taken over by AI. Machine Learning had already proven itself in Fraud Detection and Security but definitely improve in the Predictions, Automation, and Customer Services areas. Will all forecasts come true? Time will only tell. But what we can already see is that Machine Learning is an essential part of Financial Services in 2020. Gartner

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How Machine Learning is changing Financial Services in 2020

Kubernetes is now almost synonymous with container orchestration. A found that it is used in production by 78% of respondents. But it wasn't always like this. There used to be several big players in the field and there was talk in the industry of ' .' CNCF survey container orchestration wars A standout feature of the Kubernetes project now is the strength of its . But Apache Mesos and Docker Swarm were both open source too. Why did Kubernetes win over them? open source community If we want to understand why Kubernetes won then we have to step back in time. Looking at the great features of Kubernetes now that the dust has settled won't tell us why so many organisations chose Kubernetes back when the battle was in full swing. We need to look at the history and study the data from the time. The End of the Container Orchestration Wars Kubernetes the Container Orchestration War on 29 November 2017. On that day AWS announced their Elastic Container Service for Kubernetes (EKS). won Preceding Amazon’s announcement were the announcements from , , and of native support for Kubernetes. Those were the providers of most of the key offerings in the container orchestration space. That's on top of Google and Azure offering managed Kubernetes services and OpenShift being based upon Kubernetes. Mesosphere Pivotal Docker Why did all of these providers choose to support Kubernetes? Why, for example, did Amazon offer EKS? For Amazon it was because customers wanted it and so many AWS customers were , with many managing their clusters themselves. Given that Google and Azure offered easier managed Kubernetes services, it made sense for AWS to make the AWS Kubernetes experience easier. already running Kubernetes on AWS But why did users chose to run Kubernetes on AWS when other providers were already offering managed services? Many may have preferred AWS as a cloud provider but was that the only reason? If so, why did so many Kubernetes over AWS ECS? choose The Secret to the Success of Kubernetes? Organizations had so far very clearly preferred to run Kubernetes on AWS instead of other clouds, according to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation’s March 2017 survey results : Notice that Datacenter also ranked high. We can start to understand this pattern by looking at survey results on drivers for container orchestration. Application portability and hybrid and multi-cloud solutions feature very prominently: published in 2017 by CoreOS was therefore a major factor in the as this could be used to support multi-cloud or hybrid cloud use-cases, giving it a big advantage over AWS ECS. But this alone doesn't explain why Kubernetes became so popular relative to other tools. Cluster federation success of Kubernetes We can understand this better by looking across a range of factors — we'll look at how organizations wanted the flexibility of Kubernetes for hybrid cloud, multi-cloud and its general extensibility. What will emerge is a theme of decision-makers trying to retain flexibility and leverage their existing infrastructure. Hybrid Cloud We've seen already that organizations were keen on hybrid cloud. This is even clearer in , which found up to 51% of large companies using hybrid cloud. RightScale's 2018 survey The reasons for hybrid cloud, , seem to have been concerns like leveraging existing hardware, and needing to meet regulatory or security restrictions requiring data to be kept on-premise. It was also likely about resilience and being able to maintain some level of service in the case of failures. judging from a 2017 flexential survey Multi-Cloud According to RightScale's survey, up to 81% of large companies were choosing a multi-cloud strategy. that a big part of the reason was wariness about commercial lock-in and indicated that up to 80% of organizations considered cloud lock-in a major concern. CoreOS suggested a survey by Stratoscale This lock-in concern makes a lot of sense. If your software needs rewriting in order to move it to another cloud provider, then your cost of going elsewhere is high. So if the price goes up then you either take that pain or swallow the price increase. Organizations may have been attracted to multi-cloud in order to mitigate this risk. If you're committed to a multi-cloud strategy then having the option to run the same orchestration technology on different clouds can be appealing even if you don't typically use multiple clouds in a single project. It can allow you to choose your orchestration technology for a particular project before choosing the Cloud provider and to ensure that orchestration skills can be re-used across projects. It seems the market wanted to be able to choose orchestrator independently of their cloud providers and to be able to use multiple providers. Given the popularity of AWS, it makes sense that many would want to be able to choose Kubernetes as the orchestrator and use AWS prominently in their setup. Given that Kubernetes was not being offered by AWS and was being offered as a managed service by other providers, using AWS prominently had the added benefit of proving that your choice of orchestrator really was independent of your choice of cloud provider/s. It is possible that AWS was not only figuring heavily for worker nodes and was also being used for master nodes in self-managed setups. Despite the availability of managed Kubernetes services, a revealed 91% of Kubernetes deployments being handled internally. This is a path with challenges but provides assurance that you can and add to it later as you need to. Once enough people took this path and shared their knowledge, they could help to make it easier for more to join them and this may have helped create a snowball effect. 2018 analysis by TNS adequately customize your setup Open and Extensible With the market committed to avoiding cloud lock-in, Kubernetes had a big advantage over AWS Elastic Container Service. But what about the other players in the market — how did Kubernetes pull ahead of them? Here the open and extensible ethos of Kubernetes is important. The success of Kubernetes relative to the Mesosphere DC/OS, Docker Swarm, or Pivotal Cloud Foundry centers on users not wanting to be locked into tools or languages as a result of their choice of orchestration product. Some of this may have been about the line between the enterprise and open-source offerings and a perceived lock-in with the orchestration tools themselves. But more important was the range of options that the orchestration layer could keep open. The orchestrator's support for a wide range of infrastructure, tooling and language stacks (especially the organization's existing tooling) figure heavily in as stated evaluation criteria for container orchestrators. TNS's 2016 survey results Kubernetes was designed to be extended and people really were extending it (e.g. OpenShift) and the open source project. The key orchestration concepts in Kuberentes are carefully abstracted to not be language-specific or tool-specific. There are no restrictions on supported languages. Docker has been widely used for the container runtime but even this has been optional . This approach, together with the CNCF's welcoming of a , encouraged confidence in Kubernetes as a (as opposed to associating the project to a particular vendor/s). GitHub's 2017 Octoverse report reveals a around Kubernetes: contributing to since the early stages wide range of corporate partnerships community project vibrant open source culture A vibrant open source culture, together with a pluggable design, means a wide range of options, plug-ins, and tools. The Success of Kubernetes The success of Kubernetes is a success for both open source and for consumers having a choice of cloud provider. It also reflects organizations wanting to transition to cloud but doing so cautiously, making use of their existing tools and infrastructure as part of the journey. The industry to parallel the way that Docker became a standard for containers. Kubernetes made itself a trustworthy place that the industry could gravitate towards as a new standard. found itself in need of a standard for orchestration This article was . adapted from a piece I first wrote on the success of kubernetes in 2018

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How Did Kubernetes Win the 
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Introduction According to CoinMarketCap, there are currently more than 2500 cryptocurrencies and more than 300 exchanges (not counting countless small exchanges) where they are traded. However, new projects continue to emerge every month, presenting their tokenized solutions for various different industries. In the past, projects often finished their public fundraising stage before going to exchanges to get listed. Nowadays, many new projects want to go to an exchange without holding a token sale. So, how should crypto projects go about getting listed on exchanges? How can you choose the first exchange for listing and avoid scams and frauds? How can you capture the most possible attention of the community for your token, and why is it important to keep expanding the list of exchanges on which it trades in the future? We will provide answers to all of these questions in our ultimate guide about how to get listed at the crypto exchange, so keep reading! Why do projects need listing? First, let's go through the main reasons why projects need to get listed on exchanges. Many projects do not fully understand what the listing should give, naming the main goal for themselves - just to have the token traded somewhere. Well, this is understandable, but a good quality listing includes several components: Ability to trade, buy and sell a token Yes, listing makes your token available for sale. People from the project community will be able to freely buy and sell the token, thereby giving the project and the token a chance to succeed. Expansion into new markets and community growth Each exchange is its own community, which is formed according to various principles, including geographical ones. Getting listed on a new exchange means, among other things, entering new markets. Some exchanges operate worldwide and have traders from around the world, but there are also exchanges that are more focused on local markets (e.g. Korea, Latin America, Eastern Europe). Listing on a new exchange is not only an opportunity to boost trade volume and liquidity, but also for the project to attract the attention of other exchange users and turn them into community members, establishing its presence in a particular region. Token sales Let's be honest, project founders are most commonly the largest holders of the project’s native token at launch. Tokens often lack the liquidity necessary to expand and develop, but organizing an ICO/IEO round is not always necessary or even possible. In some cases, with a successful listing and sufficient liquidity of the token, the project’s founders can act as traders who sell and buy the token as needed for project development, so long as it doesn’t contradict the financial model of the project, its WP, and obligations to the holders. Partnerships in new markets As we already mentioned, a new listing is often an entry into a new market. Along with the listing, other integrations into these markets are also possible. For example, you can look to establish partnerships with other players in your industry from these regions that will only enhance the effect of your listing. This also works in the opposite direction - getting listed makes it easier to find and negotiate partnerships. Social proof This is an indirect factor, but I think it is clear to everyone that the community is more interested in projects that are listed on good, solid exchanges than projects that are not represented anywhere. What to pay attention to when choosing an exchange Of course, every exchange claims to be the best. . And some of the exchanges sit in the top for years solely because of those fake volumes — they have almost no real traders or liquidity, but are able to sell expensive listings by pretending to have more activity, leading to disappointment and a waste of money for projects. We are sometimes approached by projects that have been deceived in this way with a request to support them. There are not many such exchanges, but there are some. Therefore, you have to be skeptical of ratings and trade volume reports, and you need to know and understand the market well to identify them. Listing agents, which we will discuss in the next sections, can help you to do this correctly. In the meantime, let's figure out what you need to pay attention to when choosing an exchange in principle. But what you need to know is that almost all exchanges have some amount of fake trading volume Average daily volume Despite the fact that this indicator may be inflated, it remains one of the most important when evaluating the exchange. There are two main sites that are most often referred to when evaluating volumes and the exchange as a whole: - Coinmarketcap.com - Coingecko.com As shown above, you can use these sites to look at trading volume of the last 24 hours in the Exchange's tabs. Both sites try to rate the top exchanges in addition to supplying basic information about them. And while in the past the rankings were compiled based on trade volumes alone, now the rankings are more nuanced by accounting for factors such as the number of unique visitors to the exchange website, the number of traded coins, and so on. Average number of visits to the exchange's website per month An indicator that can be roughly estimated using, for example, http://similarweb.com. At the same time, look at the dynamics of growth or decline in visits compared to previous months. With this parameter by itself, it’s difficult to judge the quality of an exchange. But sometimes you can notice some anomalies that are more likely to indicate that the exchange isn’t really as active as they claim to be. Quantity and quality of traded coins There are some very low quality exchanges that have listed hundreds of unknown and useless coins with no volumes, movements, or liquidity for them. If there are too many such coins and the exchange does not delist them, this speaks for itself. Community and the quality of working with it Go to the exchange's official chat rooms and their social networks. See how active their community is, what questions they ask, and how they are answered by the exchange's community managers, as well as anything the exchange does to keep their community engaged. It is also a good sign if there are local chats divided into countries and regions with high activity in addition to a main global chat group. Geography of the exchange Many exchanges clearly position their geography, indicating the main regions where most of their participants are from. Most often, this information (along with other general information) can be found in the “About us” section at the website of the exchange. Reputation in the Internet Yes, this does not always work perfectly and sometimes there’s “black PR". But often if an exchange is quite notorious (as was the case with IDAX), you can find the stories of many projects and avoid repeating their fate. Listing cost This factor is typically crucial. Each exchange takes a fee for listing, often a considerable one. In general, the approach is catered to each individual project, and the final price may be different depending on various factors. Still, you can get approximate prices in advance from , which will be discussed later. listing agents How to apply for listing There are two options to apply for listing: independently or through an agent. The first option can involve a lot of work, but it’s not too complicated. Each exchange has a ‘Listing’ or ‘Apply to list’ button at the beginning or end of the website, which most often leads to submitting a listing request. But there are several pitfalls: You can make a poor choice of which exchange to apply for listing at. The application can be considered for a long time without status updates. This is a common problem for large exchanges. The Exchange manager will give general prices and you’ll have to negotiate yourself (in the case when you make a listing through an agent, the agent most often knows the maximum discounts that the exchange can give and can negotiate the best conditions for you) If you have submitted an application yourself, then it will be extremely difficult to connect an agent to negotiations with this exchange, and it’s unlikely they’ll be able . to get a discount for you You may run into a scam. While it’s a very rare phenomenon to get scammed through the official form, it does happen. The more common pitfall, though, is to get caught by a phishing scam if you make a mistake when searching for an exchange site. Working with a listing Agency An Agency or agent is someone who is familiar with various exchanges and has been working with them for a while. They help projects to enter into negotiations with a particular exchange as quickly and beneficially for the projects as possible, and further guide them through the process if necessary. Let's look at the main reasons why projects should work with listing agencies: Assistance in choosing an exchange Agencies are well versed in the market, constantly monitor the situation and can advise which exchange is better suited to the budget and requirements of the project, and which exchanges are to be avoided. Assistance in getting a good price As we said earlier, agencies know what discounts exchanges can give and it is easier for them to negotiate a more attractive price for you. Less likely to run into a scam Agencies work directly with the management of the exchange, so there is no possibility of running into scams, phishing, or unscrupulous employees. Assistance in developing a post-listing activity plan A good agency can also help with developing and implementing a plan for a project after listing to maintain its token. This includes marketing / PR activities, market making, and attracting new community members. How to work with a listing Agency Different agencies have different conditions, but my general recommendation is that the agency should not take money from the project for consultation and negotiations with the exchange. If an agent asks you to pay for introducing you to the exchange, feel free to close the chat with them. Next, it is important to understand how agents earn. You see, they often take their “cut” by marking up the listing price of the exchange. I think this is wrong, because the agent is likely receiving a sales commission for the deal from the exchange itself. In , we share this commission with the project, which gives the project an extra discount in addition to the one negotiated by the agency. our practice However, there are agencies that try to sneak in markups at every step and still get a success fee from both the exchange and the project. This can be quite impactful for startups with lean budgets, so it’s worthwhile to find a more profitable agent who won’t charge you at every little opportunity they get. If you need help with this, just and I will assist you. write to me Life after the listing It is clear that everything does not end with getting listed on a crypto exchange. To the contrary, the listing is just the beginning. But that’s a subject for a separate article (or two or three). In short, I will only say that it is better to think through a marketing plan, take care of , and have a plan for other important activities in advance in order to give your project a good chance to succeed. market making However, once you reach decent trading volume on the first exchange, you can start thinking about expanding the markets - the next listings on the next exchanges. Some projects are listed on several exchanges at once. In some cases, this is justified, while in others it’s unnecessary to expand so quickly — there is no universal recipe. This is why an agent and consultant are needed to evaluate the project's position and market situation and give the most effective recommendation and strategy. We will talk about this and much more in our next articles. Conclusion Listing on the crypto exchange is one of the most important stages in the lifecycle of any crypto project. It should be verified and accurate and strengthen the project's position in the industry. However, as we have seen, there are a number of pitfalls that can make the listing ineffective and even cause the token to fail, which will be very difficult to recover from. The listing process should be approached as deliberately and strategically as possible. And always beware of scammers. If you have any questions or you are planning to list on the exchange, feel free to contact me. has been helping with exchange listings for about 4 years and we are partnered with almost all of the established exchanges, so we will be able to guide and support you in this process. My team If you have any questions or if you need help with your startup/crypto project — you can write me in Telegram (@baloyan) or LinkedIn .

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If you're just sitting at home most nights, wondering what the hell you should be doing, rejoice! I've got a list of 10 of the hottest, coolest programming languages you can stuff in a single sack (or...blog post). #1: Python This one's a no-brainer. Python's becoming ever more popular with the machine learning crowd, it's ubiquitous in data science, and people are even using it to write web-based microservices again with libraries like Flask. It's the winner of the past couple years of Stack Overflow surveys for most popular langauge, it's in pretty much every job listing out there...you really cannot go wrong learning this interesting little language (and it comes with "batteries included" to boot!). #2: Javascript At this point, you're probably like "ok, this dude's just listing popular langauges". To an extent, yes, but worry not! I'll get to the more esoteric, interesting languages after this. But you to know Javascript these days. It's like Latin, or Koine Greek, or modern French -- it's useful in so many contexts that it would be foolish not to understand the fundamentals. At least, until the next "language" aka ABI aka "assembly" language gains traction... have #3 WebAssembly The language that isn't a language is probably the hottest option on this list, mainly because you can write code that simply was not possible before WebAssembly. Not to mention, you can write code in a langauge like C/C++ or Java or something, compile to WebAssembly, and it should just do what it says on the tin. Unity has had great success using this to "port" games to a web environment without a plugin. #4 Rust It was a toss-up between this and Go, but let's be honest -- no it wasn't. Go didn't even crack the top ten, because Rust is the superior language. Not trying to get into a flame war, but is the systems language of the future. Its approach to memory management is novel yet approachable, its "trait" system is a breath of fresh air compared to trying to implement shared behaviors...overall, coming from a web environment, Rust is a type-safe, mostly-memory-safe jolt of new life. I'd highly recommend it -- it's easily my favorite on this list. this #5 C++ Speaking of systems programming, if you're looking to expand beyond the web, is the lingua franca for the rest of the programming world (sure, C is still in use, but C++ is far more popular for modern apps, except in exceptional cases). I mean, it's how the V8 engine and Chrome are . Are you too good for the language that powers Chrome? More so, it's the language to learn when you want to peek under the hood and you start to learn, oh, this is why Javascript uses an event loop, or this is why that decision was made. It's eye opening, truly. this implemented #6 Swift I just started learning Swift, as part of my weekend iOS explorations, and it's well worth a look. It borrows some concepts from Rust, as far as deterministic non-manual memory management goes. However, it seems much more approachable in terms of its difficulty curve. But this is beside the point -- if you ever want to expand into mobile development, this is the way. Enough of these mainstream languages! Let's dive into the esoteric... #7 Assembly Language (Z80, 6502, etc.) Assembly language? What is it, 1984? No, but you can code like it is! Using emulators, modern tools, you can program old machines from the comfort of your Macbook. Personally, I'm learning Z80 assembly so I can make a Game Boy Color game. Even if you don't plan on actually using assembly, it's worthwhile in the same way that Lisp-like langauges are worthwhile -- they change the way you think about data and programming. And in the case of assembly language, it teaches you how a computer really operates, on the bare metal. #8 Elm I haven't used Elm yet, but I want to, which is why it's on this list. In particular, there are a lot of libraries that are modeling their data flow after Elm's architecture, and even if I don't end up using it in production, it might be able to teach me something about data flows and state management. #9 Racket A Lisp? In this day in age? Surely, you're joking, Mr. Pocus! I joke not! The difference between this Lisp and most Lisps is that this one comes with batteries included, with an absolute ton of tools to actually accomplish cool stuff. Plus, it's tailor-made for making... #10 Your own language! Seriously! You can use Racket, you can use JS, you can use whatever the hell language you want (even assembly), but the point is, you create your own language. Lisp-like languages are the easiest to implement, but you can also implement your own drawing language, a scripting language, it can be interpreted or compiled, it can be dynamically or statically typed, but the point is, you can make it . can yours Compilers and interpreters aren't that hard. The "dragon book" and years of GCC cruft will make you think "oh I could never write a compiler!" but I truly believe you can (if I can, you can). There are projects like that make this not easy, exactly, but approachable. Like climbing a mountain, you can do it one step at a time. And of course, from the Lisp interpreter taught here, you can expand to C-like languages (or more esoteric syntaxes!). make-a-lisp Which programming language are you learning during the pandemic? Are you learning another skill altogether?

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If you’re like millions around the world getting ready to head back to school this fall, you’re figuring our first, if your campus will even be open, and second, how to adjust to the idea of distance learning. If you’re a privacy minded student, the idea of distance learning can come with a great deal of stress, and if you’re not yet privacy minded, you may unwillingly end up giving corporations and your school far more personal information than you intend to. Thankfully, there are steps you can take to ensure your privacy while having such little control over the sites and services your school will make you use. Choose your browser wisely. A browser such as Firefox or Vivaldi can help you block trackers on sites you’re visiting, reduce your browser fingerprint, and , can isolate sites into containers so that information can’t be shared between tabs you have open. with the right plugins Upon visiting various popular school sites for grades ranging from kindergarten to college, I came across no fewer than five trackers monitoring your page use, and on some sites, found ads meant to be tailored to your internet history. Don’t sign in with Facebook. If you’re signing up for new accounts for your classes, use the email address provided by your school or a that you’ll be using just for school. personal email address Do not use Facebook as your sign in tool. By doing so, you’re giving Facebook permission to access certain amounts of data on your usage of the site and jeopardizing your own safety on the site because you don’t have password and login control. Also, be sure to use a unique password for each account you open, managed with a such as Bitwarden, and secured with two-factor authentication (2FA) when available. password manager Use a secure cloud service to store your documents. There are a lot of free cloud and office type services (or even discounted ones for students) that offer access to text editors, spreadsheets, and slideshows, and more. They even offer helpful collaboration tools. However, they can come at a price. Some of their privacy policies give them the right to lock you out of your account without warning, and some even give themselves rights to reuse your work. Instead, look for solutions that are not only free or low cost, but that also and the ownership of the documents. A Nextcloud server can be run for less than $5 a month, offers access to tools such as LibreOffice or OnlyOffice, which both support collaboration, and can store your files safely encrypted on your server of choice. respect your privacy Search smarter. Let’s face it, you’re going to be using a search more than ever before while you look up new terminology and research your assignments. While a non-privacy respecting search engine can give you good results, don’t forget about the hidden cost –your privacy– when using those services. Instead, use a search engine like Startpage, and ensure that your search habits are only known by you, not the search engine you’re using and not the advertisers wanting to find a way to capitalize on your search terms. Not sure which privacy respecting search engine is best for you? and find the one best suited for your needs. Check out this quick comparison Going back to school is stressful enough, going back during a global pandemic adds a whole new level of stress. Thankfully, by only following a few simple steps, you can relieve the stress of knowing that you can protect your personal privacy during these times. Disclaimer: Dan Arel is a consultant for Startpage.com

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