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Pub/Sub is a design pattern that allows for loose coupling and scaling between the sender of messages (publishers) and receivers (subscribers) on topics they subscribe to. Pub/sub allows extremely dynamic networks to be built at scale without overloading the publishing components or causing unnecessary costs. This means publisher and subscriber operations can operate independently of each other. The pub/sub method is central to effective streaming of data in real-time. It is used to address routing problems at the. scale of a messaging infrastructure at such a scale can be problematic.