I-Agile Is Rigor Mortis njengeNkolo Yezwe Yesoftware

Bekungeyona into engavamile emhlabeni wobunjiniyela besoftware ukuzwa izimemezelo zokufa kwe-Agile kubantu abanentshisekelo ethile kuleyo ndlela, bethi ngaphandle uma sibonisa ukukholelwa okukhulu, izolahleka, futhi ezimeni lapho ihluleka khona. akukenziwanga ngendlela efanele - okusikhumbuza ezinye izimangalo ezilandela amanga "awekho ama-Scotsman weqiniso" njengokuthi "ubukhomanisi bangempela abuzange buzame."

Naphezu kokuba khona kwayo ezinhlekeleleni zesofthiwe ezihlukahluka kusukela ekuphusheni kobulungiswa kuya ezinhlekeleleni zesofthiwe yezindiza, iqiniso liwukuthi i-Agile ibambe isikhundla njengenkolo yobungcweti yobunjiniyela besofthiwe.

Lesi simo sesishintshe kakhulu ezinyangeni ezedlule. Njengoba ngisebenze ocwaningweni ezinyangeni eziyi-6 ezedlule ngikhombisa ukuthi amaphrojekthi wesoftware ye-Agile anezinga eliphakeme lokuhluleka elingu-268% , kuphume inqwaba yocwaningo iqinisekisa lo msebenzi.

Njengobukhomanisi noma ukuphulukiswa kokholo, amaphupho obukhulu obuhle emhlabeni wonke, kodwa okungenangqondo, izixazululo ezingaxazulula zonke izinkinga zethu zizohlala zikhanga kwabanye ngaphandle kobufakazi - kodwa manje osekushintshile ngokuyisisekelo ukuthi kukhona imvume enolwazi mayelana nokuthi kufanele yini ukulandela i-Agile noma wenze okuhlukile. '

(Ngokungangabazeki, izindaba zamazwe ngamazwe ezihlotshaniswa nesibuyekezo sesofthiwe esiphucwe i-CrowdStrike ngokuqinisekile zisize ukugcizelela amaphuzu ebengizama ukuwenza.)

Naphezu kwezinga elinyanyekayo abanye emphakathini we-Agile abazama ukungithulisa ekukhulumeni nge-Agile, kubalulekile ukuba mkhulu ekunqobeni ukuze ngingafuni ukuphikisa izingxabano lapha - esikhundleni salokho, nginomuzwa wokuthi kufanelekile ukuxoxa ngentuthuko yakamuva kanye nentuthuko. indlela phambili, izinyanga eziyisi-6 kuqhubeke.

Ucwaningo lwe-DORA lwe-Google Luvula I-Agile

I-JL Partners, engiyithume ukuba yenze ucwaningo lwezinga lokuhluleka kwe-Agile, ibe nezinyanga ezimbalwa ezedlule ezimangalisayo. Ngokungafani nabanye abaningi abenza ucwaningo ngokuziphendulela okulinganiselwe, bavame ukuhlola amamodeli abo ngokubikezela ukhetho. Uma kuza okhethweni lwase-UK, bazithola sebekhiqiza phakathi kwezibikezelo ezinembe kakhulu . Izinto ziphawuleka nakakhulu uma kuza okhethweni lwase-US njengoba iPolitico ibika :

… I-JL Partners ingase igcine iphakathi kwabanembe kakhulu ekuqaguleni kwabo kokugcina kwangaphambi kokhetho. Imodeli yokugcina yale nkampani bekungeyodwa kwezimbili zokubikezela ukunqoba kukaTrump futhi iphinde yaveza ukuthi uzowina i-Electoral College 287-251 - umkhawulo ophakeme kunawo wonke owake wawina uTrump kunoma yimuphi umhloli. Futhi bekungomunye wabavoti abambalwa kakhulu ukubikezela ukuthi uTrump uzowina ivoti elidumile.

Ukwengeza, ucwaningo oluvela ku-RAND Corporation ekuqaleni olwenzelwe uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US lithole ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-AI nokushesha akuhlangani kahle . Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Synodus (umhlinzeki wezobuchwepheshe womhlaba wonke ohlinzeka (izinkampani ze-Fortune 500 ezifana ne-BOC Aviation, KPMG, ne-Unilever) ibika ukuthi ngokusuka kude ne-Agile , bathola ukuthi baletha amaphrojekthi ngokushesha oku-2-3x futhi babika inkampani yezindiza ehamba phambili egciniwe engu-63. % wezindleko zabo zokuthuthukisa.

Lokhu kwenzeka naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isivinini nezindleko ngokuvamile zingamamethrikhi ahlotshaniswa ne-Agile ne-LEAN, kuyilapho indlela yoBunjiniyela boMthelela igxile kokuthi Impact njengemethrikhi eyinhloko.

Ekugcineni, njengoba uColm Campbell ebhale esihlokweni esithi “ P-Hacking with Dinosaurs ,” izimangalo ezibekwe phambili yi-“Agile Mafia” ekuphenduleni ucwaningo lwezinga lokuhluleka kwe-Agile ziye zaphikiswa ngokuphelele, kwashiya kuphela ukuhlaselwa komuntu siqu okudabukisayo.

Kodwa-ke, mhlawumbe enye yezindawo ezimangalisa kakhulu zokusekela ucwaningo ivela eqenjini le-DORA le-Google. I-DORA ngokwayo ithola izimpande zayo ekuhambeni kwe-DevOps, yona ngokwayo isidalwa se-Agile. Umbiko wabo waminyaka yonke we-State of DevOps Report ka-2024 awukaze uthole noma yikuphi ukusabalala okusabalele kulo nyaka uma kubhekwa isikhathi somoya esiye ocwaningweni lwe-Agile, kodwa kuyajabulisa ukubona ukuthi nabo bayayifulathela i-Agile.

Manje, kufanele ngiqaphele ukuthi bengigxeka indlela yokusebenza yeqembu le-DORA (selokhu ngashintsha umqondo wami nge-Agile, DevOps, njll.) njengoba amamethrikhi ayisisekelo abawasebenzisayo ukukala izinto egxile esivinini sokulethwa ( esaziyo ukuthi akusilo). 'lokho abasebenzisi abakufunayo ), kodwa iqiniso lokuthi babona lokhu ngisho besebenzisa indlela yabo likhomba kokuthile okujulile okwenzeka lapha.

Ekhasini 64 lombiko we-State of DevOps 2024, bathi:

'I-manifesto ye-Agile imelela "isofthiwe yokusebenza phezu kwemibhalo egcwele". Nokho, siyaqhubeka nokuthola ukuthi imibhalo yekhwalithi iyingxenye eyinhloko yesofthiwe esebenzayo.'

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekhasini 82, babonakala befulathela i-DevOps uqobo:

'Sizibophezele emigomeni eyisisekelo ebilokhu iyingxenye yenhlangano ye-DevOps: isiko, ukubambisana, ezishintshayo, ukufunda, nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukufeza izinhloso zebhizinisi. Umphakathi wethu kanye nocwaningo luyazuza emibonweni yezindima ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa abantu okungenzeka bangazihlanganisi nelebula ye-"DevOps". Kufanele ulindele ukubona igama elithi "DevOps" liphuma ekukhanyeni.'

Ngisenezinkinga ngendlela yabo yocwaningo; iziphetho ezisetshenziselwa ukukala impumelelo zigxile ejubaneni, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ziyaqhubeka nokumela ubuholi obuguquguqukayo naphezu kocwaningo lwezengqondo kule ndawo olubuza lezo zindlela.

Ezingeni lomuntu, kubonakala kuluhlaza ngokumangazayo ukugxila kakhulu ekuzameni ukuguqula izinhlangano nabantu ngaphandle kwemvume yabo enolwazi kuyilapho sihluleka nokubona ukuthi ngokuvamile awukho umthombo wokufunda ongcono kunawethu amaphutha (ngokwezinga esinolwazi ngalo. imvume yokuzenza), ukugxeka okubalulekile enginakho komsebenzi ofana ne -Pheonix Project kanye ne-Unicorn Project .

Kodwa-ke, kuyamangaza nokho ukubona ukuqina okwandayo kwe-Impact Engineering ngokumelene namamethrikhi endabuko e-Agile ne-DevOps.

Isikrimu, i-TDD, namaphethini wokuklama

Lapho iRejista ixoxa nami ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule esihlokweni esithi “ I-Study Backer: I-Catastrophic ithatha i-Agile igcizelela kakhulu izici ezintsha " , angizange ngifihle izici ezintathu enganginezinkinga nazo ezindleleni zesimanje ze-Agile, DevOps, kanye nokuguqulwa kwedijithali:

1. Izindlela ze-Agile ezehlisa izimfuneko, naphezu kwezinhlekelele ezihlanganisa ihlazo lasePosini kanye nokuphahlazeka kwe-Boeing 737 Max 8 .

   
   

2. Ukuqaliswa kwe-DevOps okubeka phambili isivinini sokuletha izici ezintsha kanye nokululama ezinkingeni esikhundleni sokuvimbela izinkinga kwasekuqaleni - naphezu kocwaningo olubonisa izinga lomphakathi lithola izici zakamuva ngokushesha okukhulu njengentoengabalulekile kubo uma besebenzisa amasistimu ekhompyutha, ngokuvikeleka kwedatha, ukunemba kwedatha, futhi azikho iziphazamisi ezinzima okuyizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.

   
   

3. Imizamo yokuguqula inhlangano ephansi iye phezulu ngaphandle kokuthola imvume enolwazi, ingakunaki ukubaluleka kokuvumela abantu ukuthi bafunde emaphutheni abo abanemvume enolwazi okufanele bawenze - ngezinhlelo ezinjalo ezithengiswa njengempumelelo eqinisekile egcina ngokugcwala usizi nokwehluleka.

   
   

Njengoba ngiqala ukucwaninga izinhlekelele zesofthiwe namakhompyutha abulalayo (njengoba kwabikwa kuForbes emuva ngo-April ), lezi kwakuyizici ezintathu engaqala ukuba nezinselele zokuziphatha ezikhulayo. Bengingenankinga yangempela ngezindlela ezihlukile zokuthuthukisa isofthiwe noma amasu okuphatha amaphrojekthi njengoba ngingazange ngisibone isixhumanisi esifanayo esifundweni sezinhlekelele ebengiziphenya. Angizange ngizizwe ngidinga ukuveza imibono yami siqu njengonjiniyela ngokuphathelene nalezi ezinye izindaba.

Noma kunjalo, kuyathakazelisa ukubona irediyasi yokuqhuma inwetshiwe ngale kwalezi zindawo ezintathu zokuqala kuya kwezinye izindlela ezikhuthazwe ababhali abakanye ne-Agile Manifesto njengeScrum, Test-Driven Development (TDD), Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), kanye neDesign. Amaphethini (isb, bheka okuthunyelwe kwe-LinkedIn ka-Soumen Sarkar kokuthi Amaphethini Wokuklama ).

Kuncane engingakwengeza kule ndawo. Kodwa-ke, ngiyazibuza ukuthi ngabe ababhali abakwa-Agile abazange balwe kanzima nokufa kwayo njengenkolo ukube umphakathi wobunjiniyela besoftware ubungaba nomusa kweminye imibono yabo. Umbuzo manje usuphendukisiwe uma kubhekwa isimo senkolo sika-Agile sinzima futhi yonke into ibonakala ibambekile: OOP, amaphethini wokuklama, i-TDD, njll.

Ibheke Ekuqwashiseni Kokunengwa Kokulahlekelwa

Njengoba ngichithe ingxenye enkulu yezinyanga ezimbalwa ezedlule kuyizindaba zekhasi lokuqala lezincwadi zobuchwepheshe ezihlukahlukene ezikhuluma nge-Agile futhi kuxoxwa kabanzi phakathi komphakathi ngokuvamile, kungase kube okungamangazi ukuba nokuhlangana okuxakile. Ngokwengxenye enkulu nokho, bebelokhu behlangana kamnandi kakhulu abantu abeza kimina esidlangalaleni futhi bahlanganyele ngokungahleliwe ezingxoxweni nge-Agile.

Nokho, kwaba khona ukuhlangana okukodwa okwashiya umbono ogqamile kimi. Emasontweni ambalwa edlule, bengiya ePhalamende lase-UK ngiyokhuluma nabakhi benqubomgomo ngamahlazo ezobuchwepheshe ebengisebenza kuwo ukuze ngiwaphenye. Angikaze ngibe ngumuntu othanda ukubamba izintambo, ngike ngizibuze ukuthi ezindaweni zokucima ukoma ezizimele ePhalamende kumele kube nezimpawu ezikhumbuza abantu ukuthi bangawasebenzisi kabi amandla abo uma bedakiwe.

Nokho, lapho nginikeza le nkulumo, angizange nje ngigqoke kahle futhi ngibukeke ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, kodwa futhi ngangiphambi kwezilaleli ezizwelayo, ngiphahlwe yiLungu LePhalamende kanye nomngane okungenzeka ukuthi unguMeluleki Wenkosi (ummeli omkhulu uvunyelwe. lokho kuhlukaniswa kwenkosi ngokumela okukhethekile).

Lapho nginikeza inkulumo yami futhi ngaphendula imibuzo eminingi, kwaba khona othile ezilalelini owayeyisivakashi owaqala ukukhuluma nge-Agile (inkulumo yayingakhulumi nge-Agile). Ngokuphambene nesudi yami eneziqephu ezintathu, wayegqoke ihembe eline-ketchup futhi (ngaphandle kokungena emininingwaneni) wayengabonakali noma ehlangene nezombusazwe. Waqala "Ngingakunikeza impendulo?"

Lapho eqala ukukhuluma nge-Agile, ngambheka ngamehlo anemibuzo, wabheka phansi futhi wayeka ukukhuluma, kwangathi uyabona ukuthi akasekho ku-inthanethi futhi empeleni ubhekene nomuntu ngamazwi akhe. Ngaphambi kokuthi ngiphendule, umngane oyi-CEO wangenelela ukuze angikhulumele leli phuzu.

Ngaleso sikhathi, ngabona ukuthi ngangingawathandi amandla ngendlela engingakaze ngiyibone kuze kube manje.

Ngeshwa, kulo muntu, kubonakala sengathi useke waba yisisulu salabo abathengisa izixazululo zokuguqulwa komlilo okusobala okuholela ebunzimeni empilweni yakhe. Kulezi zimo kungani lezi zindlela zokuguqula zisakhuthazwa?

Ngokubanzi, kungani i-Agile ingakwazi ukusebenza emhlabeni wangempela? Ngobukhomanisi, okungenani singafaka ukwehluleka ukuhaha, ngakho-ke iyini i-psychology yokuhluleka kwe-Agile? Impendulo, emehlweni ami, ifika endabeni engokwengqondo eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuzondwa kokulahlekelwa . Ngokwesidingo esidumile, ngisanda kubhala iphepha eliphrintiwe ngaphambili ngomsebenzi we-Impact Engineering futhi laligxile ekuqwashiseni indima yokwenyanya okungadlalwa ekunciphiseni impumelelo yephrojekthi.

Iphepha, “Ngakho NginguDkt. Frankenstein? Noma Ubuyinunu Ngaso Sonke Isikhathi?”: Ukunciphisa Ukwehluleka Kwephrojekthi Yesoftware Ngezindlela Zokuthuthukisa Ukulahlekelwa-Ukucasuka , kuphetha kanje:

Ucwaningo lwezehlakalo lubonise ukuthi izinhlekelele zesofthiwe zingase zibe yizinhlekelele lapho izinkinga zingabhekwana nazo futhi esikhundleni salokho zimboziwe. Izici ezingokwengqondo, okuwukhiye wokungathandi ukulahlekelwa, zingakhuthaza izinhlangano ukuthi zihambe ngale ndlela naphezu kwemiphumela eyinhlekelele.

Kodwa-ke, izindlela zesoftware bezikade zinganaki lesi sici esingokwengqondo, esikhundleni salokho zithatha ngokuthi abantu bazofuna ukulungisa izinkinga ngokushesha okukhulu. Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini lwezindlela ezihlukene luthole ukuphepha kwengqondo ukuphakamisa nokuxoxa ngezindaba kube ukhiye ekulethweni kwesofthiwe okuthuthukisiwe. Kodwa-ke, akungabazeki ukuthi kunethemba lokukholelwa ukuthi ushintsho olubaluleke kangaka lwamasiko nengqondo lungafinyelelwa kuzo zonke izinhlangano. Njengoba sithola, ngisho naphakathi kwe-UK ne-USA, ukuphepha ngokwengqondo kuhlala kungumehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kobunjiniyela phakathi kwalawa mazwe womabili.

Kuleli phepha, sigxila endleleni ehlukile eya phambili. Esikhundleni sokuzama ukuzuza uguquko lwamasiko oluyinselele engcono kakhulu, esikhundleni salokho sigxila endleleni esebenza kahle kakhulu: sinciphise izibangeli zokwenyanya ukulahlekelwa kusukela ekuqaleni ngezimfuneko eziqinile bese sihlose ukuphepha kwengqondo lapho kudingeka khona. Ocwaningweni lwethu, okuwukuphela kwento esiyitholile engakhuphula izinga lempumelelo yephrojekthi ngaphezu kokuphepha kwengqondo kwaba nezidingo ezicacile kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ngokumelene ne-hypothesis yethu, imiphumela yokuba nezidingo ezicacile nje, ngisho nalapho ishintsha sekwephuzile ekuthuthukisweni noma ingahambisani nomhlaba wangempela, ibonakala inendima ebalulekile empumelelweni yephrojekthi yesofthiwe. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukuba nesango ngaphambi kokuqala kwephrojekthi yokuxoxisana nokubhekana nezinkinga, lapho ukulahlekelwa ukulahlekelwa kuphansi kakhulu, kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwamazinga okuphumelela.

Ingoma ethi Dr. Frankenstein kaRedHook iqukethe amazwi athi: “Nami nginguDkt. Frankenstein? Noma ubuyinunu ngaso sonke isikhathi?” Kumaphrojekthi e-software ayinhlekelele, leli phepha ligomela ngokuthi amaphrojekthi esofthiwe aba yizinhlekelele lapho abantu behluleka ukuxazulula izinkinga ezincane zobuchwepheshe. Izindlela ezikhona zobunjiniyela besoftware ziyehluleka ukubhekana nokuthi abantu abawona imishini futhi izici ezingokwengqondo zithiya amandla okuxazulula izinkinga. Ngemva kokuhlonza le-anachronism ezindleleni ezikhona, leli phepha liveza ukuthi singenza kanjani phezu kwalo ngokusebenzisa izimfuneko ngaphambi kokuqala kwephrojekthi ukuze sinikeze ithuba lokubhekana nezinkinga lapho ukuzondwa kokulahlekelwa kuphansi kakhulu.