A little over a year ago launched and quickly became the most successful non-financial DApp. Borrowing from their own description, CryptoKitties allows you to collect and breed digital cats like these: CryptoKitties These are collectable digital cats which are born and live on the Ethereum blockchain. Each of these is unique digital goods, they are collectible and non-fungible in the same way that baseball cards are. Moreover, they are each programmed to have attributes specific to them (like the antlers the fellow on the right has). Lastly, every Kitty exists as an ownable and scarce digital asset on a blockchain. While these are certainly cute, there is something much more profound underlying CryptoKitties. They show the potential for and digital assets_._ The technical term for these are or NFTs. Let’s unpack what that means. ownable programmable non-fungible tokens Digitally ownable An amazing fact of modern information technology is the ability to effortlessly and instantly duplicate information. You can intuit this by comparing mail to email. If I write you a letter and send it to you that letter is gone from my possession. Likewise, if you forwarded it on to someone else, it would have left your possession and entered someone else’s. There will only ever be one copy of that particular letter. In contrast, if I sent you an email, a copy of that email remains on my computer. Moreover, you can instantly forward that email to thousands, even millions of people, with almost no effort. While this property is great for some things, it is terrible for . Having your email to mum forwarded to the extended family is fine, but a business having its services or a nation having its money duplicated is a disaster. scarcity This was one of the problems that blockchains solved. There are many descriptions of blockchains online, and I won’t dive into the details here, but essentially blockchains enable computing where information be duplicated. To borrow from the email example again, if I had sent you an email on a blockchain, that email would be provably gone from my possession_._ Moreover, you won’t be able to effortlessly duplicate and forward that email on, . Blockchains introduce scarcity to the digital world. cannot there will only ever be one copy owned by one person Further to that point, if we want to use a system we read its code to audit the rules around asset issuance. In other words, we can that it works as advertised and doesn’t give any party (undisclosed) outsized influence or the ability to give themselves an NFT they haven’t paid for. verify Lastly, blockchains provide a of the goods built on top of them. Only the owner of an asset can use it, sell it, or send it to someone else. I own a few NFTs myself that I don’t plan on touching, and as long as the Ethereum blockchain lives, I will own those NFTs. No one can change that. strong guarantee always The sum of these qualities is that blockchains enable in a way that wasn’t possible before. digital ownership of goods Programmable From The CryptoKitties Genome Project: On Dominance, Inheritance and Mutation CryptoKitties, like physical kitties, have their own DNA. They even have their own Each cat is to have a set of attributes associated with it in the form of 48 different inputs, or genes. In the above instance each four characters dictates a particular attribute of a kitty, the fourth batch of characters denotes the type of a mouth a kitty has, the 5th batch what type of hair they have, and so on. genome project . programmed These are just the attributes that the creators of CryptoKitties arbitrarily decided upon. A NFT can be programmed to have any attribute you want. Instead of the above cattributes, you could program… The details of a CME you just earned An institution you’ve received a degree from The ICD-10 code for a diagnosis A physician or patient ID A health policy ID Any description you’d like There’s a second way that non-fungible tokens are programmable as well: you can write code that interacts with them. Here are some examples: Use the to bundle together a number of NFTs (bundled payments, anyone?) Set Protocol Program an NFT to expire Limit which actors the NFT could be sent too Use a smart contract to automatically send someone payment upon retrieval of a pre-specified NFT Build something on top of an NFT, similar to how builds on top CryptoKitties. KittyHats What does this have to do with healthcare? CryptoKitties are a great demonstration of non-fungible tokens. They demonstrate how digital assets can be ownable and programmed, and this core innovation has applications vastly beyond digital cats. As healthcare becomes increasingly digitised non-fungible tokens could play a major role in this transition, allowing for the goods and services of today to be rendered in a digital form. A few use cases could be… Providers could represent as non-fungible tokens. Attributes could be the service description, provider, cost, redemption expiration date, etc. healthcare service offerings Every healthcare professional could carry with them their as non-fungible tokens in their wallet. Credentials could be issued by the relevant educational or professional institutions, and re-issued / verified every time someone is credentialed. credentials Healthcare related could be represented as non-fungible tokens, with all the details of a contract programmed into the actual asset, and a smart contract automatically generating it. content licenses Similar to the above, could be represented as a non-fungible token and licensed in the same way. intellectual property Any digital good or service of value can be represented as a non-fungible token. I suspect that use cases where the identity of the participant is critical will be the best early applications of NFTs. Looking forward I’m also excited about the prospect of using non-fungible tokens to create coherent and transparent markets where there are none today. Every transaction on a (public) blockchain is recorded on a single digital ledger that anyone can access. Bringing this level of transparency to healthcare services would give unprecedented and much needed insight to consumers, allow us to better track healthcare value, and let the best providers shine. Separate to the benefits of transparency, can be leveraged to instantly spin up markets to buy and sell these services. decentralized exchange protocols Lastly, I’m excited by the prospect of replicating the “composability” of within healthcare, and capitalizing on the that have come from decentralized finance’s pieces being interoperable and programmable. Using non-fungible tokens for healthcare goods and services would be a large step towards that. decentralized finance compounding gains If you liked what you’ve read, I’d really appreciate a follow and round of applause. You can also follow me here on Medium or on . Feedback is encouraged! Twitter

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Most cryptocurrency pioneers would not call what they’re building “institutions.” The term reeks of centralization — it’s too unsexy. (Except when it’s “institutional capital”, then it’s welcomed with open arms.) In a recent on cryptocurrencies, Krugman is asked why he rejects the decentralized vision behind cryptocurrencies. He responds: debate between Paul Krugman and Katie Haun “We developed this socially ingenious thing: enduring institutions […] and it’s going to be really, really hard to come up with something better.” This is an unpopular view within the crypto world, but I think he’s absolutely right. Ask what has driven the economic vitality of the most advanced nations in the world, and we pretty much know the answer: it’s strong institutions. If you improve a country’s institutions, the society inevitably flourishes — economically, socially, and ethically. Institutions are essential, difficult to replicate, and hard-won through generations of social and political toil. So if crypto is trying to make the world better, why be so quick to circumvent institutions? By embracing cryptocurrencies, aren’t we turning away from the we know works? one thing Not so fast. In fact, . Specifically, it’s about building scalable, global, decentralized institutions — institutions that survive any particular group, country, or time. crypto is all about institutions What we talk about when we talk about institutions “Institution” is a famously broad and slippery term. In his , Douglass North defines institutions as There are formal constraints (such as contract law, property rights, and court systems) and informal constraints (such as traditions, taboos, and social norms). In short, institutions are the rules that impose order and certainty onto our economic and social lives. seminal 1991 paper “the constraints that structure political, economic, and social interactions.” Institutions matter because If you don’t trust that your shipment will arrive safely or that your currency will hold value tomorrow, you won’t transact. With institutions in place, everyone is more willing to take risks, and thus a healthy market evolves — and with it, a healthy society. risk and uncertainty are the enemy of commerce. New institutions don’t come around often. Arguably, the last major global institution to be built was the Internet. One of the promises behind the Internet was that it would be a global informational commons. Once all of the world’s information was packetized and hosted on public servers, every human would have access to the corpus of human knowledge. And this mostly came true! For the majority of humans anywhere in the world, if they want to access the world’s information, they can run a Google or Wikipedia search and find it. Search engines are now a pervasive institution available almost everywhere in the world. Notably, these institutions were built once and then enjoyed everywhere. There’s no need to rebuild Google or LinkedIn, whether for Brazil or for Burundi. All you need to do is translate the UI, and every society in the world can enjoy a search index or a social network (with a few caveats). If this sounds obvious, it’s because we now take this scalability for granted. For most of human history, delivering an institution across the world was a feat of conquest and empire. Now it just requires having a computer with an open port. And yet, if you look at finance, the story is the complete opposite. Every country has its own walled-off and homegrown financial infrastructure. Each nation must design and staff its own iteration on these institutions: banks, credit systems, exchanges, and legal structures. If they don’t, they’re doomed to be a financial backwater. We know this. But when most of the money in the world is already digital — why isn’t money more like the Internet? With cryptocurrencies, anyone is free to plug into a global financial system: a bank, savings account, payment rail, public registry, and system of contracts. Innovation in this sphere can be shared with everyone. The promise of crypto, then, is to be the first global financial commons. It purports to do to money what the Internet did to information. This is incredibly powerful. Crypto will compete against centralized governance Today, most citizens across the world can’t do much to combat economic mismanagement. They can try to circumvent capital controls, they can engage in gray or black markets, they can dollarize, they can divest into gold. But in the future there will be another, more powerful option: adopt cryptocurrencies. This will allow people to opt into a global digital economy and financial system, complete with mature financial services. So it’s incorrect to say that crypto will replace institutions. Instead, crypto will build alternative . These decentralized institutions will be more portable and global, they will operate autonomously, and they will offer financial certainty to the rest of the world that doesn’t currently have it. decentralized institutions And this is an important point: in a world where , cryptocurrencies will serve as a powerful check against wayward financial stewards. more than 50 nations have undergone hyperinflation in the last century The best antidote against bad governance is competition. Cryptocurrencies are the only serious competitor against centralized financial infrastructure. Economic choice, , and the abilities of citizens to coordinate is precisely what leads to better local governance and institutions in the long run. the power to exit But crypto will only succeed in this if it builds compelling institutions. Why does crypto need institutions? Many crypto-anarchists would consider the term “decentralized institutions” nonsensical. The whole point of decentralization, they’d claim, is to abolish institutions. They see institutions as hallmarks of centralization, a temporary bike stand that will eventually get kicked away. This is completely backwards. Institutions are critical to any stable economic system. They ensure graceful evolution (or upgrades), and they allow the individuals within that society to conduct their business safely, peacefully, and predictably. Of course, cryptocurrency prices fluctuate like crazy — aren’t cryptocurrencies ? And what about Ethereum’s credo that “code is law”? Isn’t this all the antithesis of institutions? inherently risky Indeed, a fundamental property of most cryptocurrencies is immutability. No authority, no matter how powerful, can seize your assets without control of your private key. But make no mistake, this is also crypto institution: an enshrined norm around property rights. In Ethereum, there are continual debates around , , and . Of course, these have evolved over time: there have been times where its governance has favored safety and restitution over property rights (e.g., ), and other times when it has weighed in favor of immutability (e.g., rejecting the ). In the recent , the norm of maintaining smart contract invariants was upheld over timely software upgrades. These are all reflections of the formal and informal institutions that govern Ethereum. economic policy inflation property rights the DAO fork Parity rescue fork Constantinople postponement All this churn and debate might make some believe that Ethereum is poorly governed, but this is a mistake: these are precisely the instantiations of Ethereum’s institutions. If you believe in the principles underlying Ethereum, then Ethereum does an impressive job of satisfying those constraints. And institutions encompass more than just governance — they also include the software, the economics, and the community. Infrastructure like Infura, Metamask, and ERC-20 are all part of what makes Ethereum continuous and predictable. Users, companies, miners, developers, and entrepreneurs are all counting on Ethereum fulfilling its promises to them. In other words, they participate because . they trust in the underlying institutions On-chain governance as an institution Most institutions are valuable because they make our lives predictable. Without them, businesses and entrepreneurs could not plan effectively for the future. This is precisely why is so central to every mature legal system: it allows people to predict the outcome of a trial without having to undergo expensive litigation. It makes the law more predictable. judicial precedent This is one of the reasons why . While it’s elegant in theory, meting out justice via randomly sampled crowds (or worse, an unelected cabal of plutocrats) is unlikely to end well. I am skeptical of on-chain governance If you want me to use your blockchain, I’ll ask: why should I trust you? If an on-chain vote can completely change the blockchain’s properties or seize my coins, I want to be damn sure that I can predict how these votes will turn out. More often than not, any coin-based voting mechanism can be swung by one or two whales. On-chain governance makes a splendid first impression. It sounds more transparent than the messy, humanoid governance systems around us. But the pseudonymous, unaccountable identities behind any on-chain voting system ultimately makes the system more opaque and harder to predict. I don’t mean to imply that on-chain governance is intrinsically bad! But with any radical experiment in governance, we should expect it probably won’t work (as is the case with most experiments). Until we know one way or another, it is inevitable that on-chain governance schemes will be treated as risky and unstable. Forking an institution But what about forking? Can’t we just fork a network if we want something better? Not really. Crypto commentators like to blithely claim that the threat of forking is a constant check against crypto networks. But they are missing something deep about what makes any economic system valuable. It’s not the code, it’s not the ticker name, and it’s not the UTXO set. , and institutions cannot be forked. It’s the institutions Imagine a group of violent revolutionaries who carve out a subsection of a peaceful country. If they establish a junta, brandish a flag, and call themselves a competing state, would any outsider consider it an improvement over the original? Likewise, a fork that doesn’t improve on its originating institutions is only compelling to those designed to profit from it. A large fundraise and a well-stocked war chest is not enough: institutions cannot be bought, only built. This has been borne out by the fact that (the most notable exception being Monero, which unequivocally improved on the institutions of its predecessor, Bytecoin). almost all cryptocurrency forks have failed The path forward At the end of the day, crypto is not just technological innovation. It’s also social and political innovation. If you want to build valuable institutions, it takes time, patience, and a lot of missteps. If you’re just benchmarking on prices, it might look like crypto has failed at this project. Reading Twitter and Bloomberg, you might even be convinced that crypto is dead (Bitcoin recently celebrated its 10th birthday and ). 300th obituary But the arc of change is long. We can agree with Paul Krugman on this point: it doesn’t happen in a year or two. Most technological revolutions started with similar speculative ups and downs — , , , and the , to name just a few. Crypto will be no different. Indeed, the nature of the technology will likely magnify these cycles. railroads automobiles video games Internet I’d be remiss if I didn’t touch on ICOs here. ICOs are the apotheosis of why institutions matter. Lately I was revisiting from when I first started blogging about crypto last year: some of my writing It’s unfortunate that right now, blockchain-as-speculation is dominating most people’s attention. The signal is getting drowned in the noise. But that’s to be expected. We’ve seen this before. When people first realized the extraordinary potential of the internet, tons of money was pumped into random dot coms. Anticipating mass adoption and astronomical value creation, speculation fed speculation, until the frenzy finally crashed in 2001. What’s going on right now is comparable. There will eventually be a comedown. It’s become clear to everyone now that the ICO boom was a circus of global, unregulated penny stocks. ICOs did not disrupt venture capital — they made a parody of it. It will take some time for crypto to clean itself off, cast out the scammers and profiteers, and start focusing again on building real value. Going forward, we will need to develop better institutions around how projects get funding: more norms around transparency, disclosures, incentives, advisors, partnerships, marketing, lockups and liquidity restrictions, and what it means to both create and capture value. Organizations like and are trailblazers in self-regulation, but there’s more work to be done. Messari Gemini Not by shouting at them that they’re not decentralized enough, but by This is the only way to win people over in the end. showing them that your institutions are a compelling alternative to their own. I’ll end on something I wrote in that blog post a year ago: But when the dust is cleared, like after the dot com crash, those who were serious — the Microsofts, the Amazons, the Googles — will have to come in and do the graceless work of building the future. There’s much work to do.

Monero

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Why Crypto Needs Institutions

As in Harry Potter saga, we are surrounded by unknown Death Eaters (read Hackers) who are trying to attack poor Potter (read Client / Data) for one reason or another. Some time they want data (like Soccer’s stone or Prophecy in Order of Phoenix) or sometimes they just want to kill / corrupt Potter to fend off a threat / competition. In either case, we need to protect our Data and Deep Learning model from such kind of Dark Attacks. A regular Deep Learning model is very prone to attacks as it usually collects huge amount of data in a centralized server where deep learning models are trained. This is called centralized learning as learning occurs on a central server. But with a technique called Federated Learning, instead of bringing data to model, we bring model to training data. In this post, I will be walking you through a small step in Federated Learning by explaining you an example from library. In specific, we will see how an end client called ‘Bob’ can have its data used by a centralized server without ever actually having to share it. You will understand more as we walk through the example. PySyft We will be using two Jupyter Notebooks for this tutorial. One for “Bob’ (Bob.ipynb) who will prepare its data, give reference to its data with which data (actually its pointer) can be used by centralized server and finally open a connection wherein it can receive requests by centralized server. On the other hand, centralized server will also be having a file (Model.ipynb) running on its end, which will first of all make connection with Bob’s socket, get pointers to actual data and finally run its algorithm using just the pointer variables. Bob.ipynb ##### Import files#############import syft as syhook = sy.TorchHook() # Start a hook to make a connection """#########################Give your hook a : “Bob” : 3000 : Will update more about it :(bool, optional)** a boolean which determines                             whether this worker is associated with an end user client. If so,                             it assumes that the client will maintain control over when                             tensors/variables/models are instantiated or deleted as opposed to                             handling tensor/variable/model lifecycle internally (bool, optional)** A flag for whether or not to print events to stdout.##########################""" id Port Address is_pointer is_client_worker verbose: hook.local_worker = sy.SocketWorker(hook=hook,id="Bob",port=3000,is_pointer=False,is_client_worker=False,verbose=True)sy.local_worker = hook.local_worker # create two sample Pytorch tensors for our demonstrationimport torchx = torch.FloatTensor([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])y = torch.FloatTensor([1, 1, 1, 1, 1]) Check list of object registered with bob, an easy way to verify that tensors we just now created are properly configured to Bob. hook.local_worker._objects Output:{38610448342: [_LocalTensor — id:38610448342 owner:Bob], 51021230807: [_LocalTensor — id:51021230807 owner:Bob]} The result clearly shows that x and y tensors we created as local tensors and are owned by Bob. # Set ID with which client can request for pointers for our tensors x.set_id("#X")y.set_id("#Y") # start listening to commands and wait for magic to happen! hook.local_worker.listen() Model.ipynb # Give yourself a name and port addressimport syft as syhook = sy.TorchHook(local_worker = sy.SocketWorker(id=0, port=3001)) # Connect with Bobremote_client = sy.SocketWorker(hook=hook,id="Bob",port=3000,is_pointer=True)hook.local_worker.add_worker(remote_client) # Get pointer variables for actual datax_set = remote_client.search(["#X"])y_set = remote_client.search(["#Y"]) If you tried to access either x_set or y_set, you will immediately see message like [FloatTensor[_PointerTensor — id:22003035565 owner:0 loc:Bob id@loc:#Y]] Meaning to say that y_set is “PointerTensor” (and not actual value of Y), you are owner of this pointer, but “location” of actual data is “Bob” and it’s ID is #Y # Perform Tensor Operation on actual data using pointer variables import torchz = torch.add(x_set[0],y_set[0])z Output:FloatTensor[_PointerTensor — id:12443450818 owner:0 loc:Bob id@loc:30395812931] Again, as in case when we tried to access y_set, when you try to access value of z, you will get above message # To get actual value of zz.get() When you are performing all this operations on Bob’s data, bob is getting notifications like “Received Command From: (‘127.0.0.1’, 54484)”on its end whenever you are trying to access it data. Along with that, a log file will also get generated. And that’s it. In this small example, we saw how PySyft was used to get pointer variable to Bob’s data, perform operations (run Deep Learning models) on it and get results. This is big step from Privacy’s standpoint, as never in this complete operation did anyone have access to actual data contents of Bob’s. In hindsight, our program above was very much similar to from the first movie, as in Mirror of Erised it will give you what you desire…..as long as you don’t (mis)use it! So that’s it for now, if you managed to stay with me till so far, I encourage you to go to github page and start taking a deep dive into it. You can find complete code for both Jupyter notebooks at my github repo . PySyft here As usual, if you liked my article, show your appreciation with likes and comments. You can also find me and my other articles on . twitter Till next time….cheers!!

Defense Against Dark Arts —The Mirror of Erised

is a password manager that is compatible with KeePass and is available for many platforms. I’ve been using it privately and professionally for several years. Today I’d like to introduce an brilliant feature that I’ve only recently discovered: Auto-Type. With Auto-Type you can automatically enter your credentials, no matter if it is a website or a desktop application. The nice thing is that you hardly have to do anything to configure Auto-Type in KeeWeb. KeeWeb How does Auto-Type work? Animations say more than 1000 words, therefore here a small GIF, which shows the functionality of Auto-Type (in the picture ): Check_MK As the name suggests, KeeWeb automatically fills in the input fields and registers you. KeeWeb must be open (in the background). Configuring Auto-Type in KeeWeb Auto-Type is enabled by default for all entries from version 1.2 on. The setting can be found at . more → Auto-Type Settings An input field appears in which you can now enter various placeholders or commands. For all entries the default entry is: {USERNAME}{TAB}{PASSWORD}{ENTER} First the user name is automatically filled in, then the password field is changed with TAB and the password is entered. At the end Auto-Type “presses” the login button with Enter. This setting works quite well for most websites or applications. However, there are also pages (e.g. Gmail) that first check the user name before displaying the password field. Here you can add a delay with {DELAY X}. Instead of X you have to specify a value in milliseconds, e.g. {USERNAME}{ENTER}{DELAY 3000}{PASSWORD}{ENTER} Auto-Type knows many commands and placeholders. You find an overview . here Using Auto-Type For Auto-Type to work, you must first install a package under Linux: $ sudo apt install xdotool After that you can activate Auto-Type with (KeeWeb must be open (in the background)). If KeeWeb only finds a matching entry (e.g. by window title or URL), KeeWeb will fill in the fields automatically. If there is no match with an existing entry, another window appears. There you can manually select the appropriate username/password. SHIFT+ALT+T Conclusion I appreciate KeeWeb because of its availability on many platforms as well as the many possibilities to synchronize the password database. No matter if Nextcloud, Google Drive or Dropbox — with KeeWeb you have your passwords for all your at hand everywhere (even in a team). Auto-Type is a hidden, but one of the best features in KeeWeb! software and services Originally published at openschoolsolutions.org .

Dropbox

Why Auto-Type Is One of The Best Features in KeeWeb

Build a Remarkable Career in Software Development Reading is one of the most habits which has helped me unstoppable develop, improve technical skills and soft skills. Today, I want to share which is useful in my career path and you too. my reading list 📚 Books: Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship This book explains details know about: What is the Clean code? How to write good code through principles, of writing clean code. best practices The benefit of and practice test-driven development ( ). unit test TDD Author of this book is Robert C. Martin, commonly called has been a software professional since 1970 and author of many famous books as The Clean Coder, Clean Architecture. Uncle Bob , “Master programmers think of systems as stories to be told rather than programs to be written” — Uncle Bob.” Head First Design Patterns: A Brain-Friendly Guide This book helps you build Reusable, Flexible, Scalable and Maintainable software by the following Design Patterns. Also, you’ll learn about Why, When and How to apply Design Patterns to your own designs. The Passionate Programmer: Creating a Remarkable Career in Software Development This is a great book which helps developers create a Remarkable Career & Radically Successful Career in Software Development. Some main actionable lesson learned: Have clear goals and keep track your progress. Creating a list of improvement. Take action to be better than yesterday. Writing every day (notes, tips, tutorials, advice, experiences, courses). Research new technology and build a simple project. Learn a new language that makes you think a new way. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software This books focus on Design Patterns, describe what patterns are and how they can help you design object-oriented software. You’ll get insights that can help you create more flexible, elegant and ultimately reusable designs. Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code This book is written for professional developers, help you learn more about . Refactoring is Refactoring? What and should you refactor code? Why When to refactoring in your project through principles and best practices? How “Any fool can write code that a computer can understand. Good programmers write code that humans can understand.” — Martin Fowler Soft Skills: The software developer’s life manual Every developer improves not only technical skills but also soft skills, that’s a reason why you should read this book. The book focuses on improving your soft skills about career development, marketing yourself, learning, productivity or financial. 📌 Blogs & Sites: : Tutorials, Opinion, Ultimate Guides, Case Studies for web designers and developers. Smashing Magazine Learn about HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, PHP, Responsive Web Design with tutorials, courses and . SitePoint : books : Articles about Software Development, AI, Blockchain from real tech professionals ( about 7,000+ contributing writers). in HackerNoon. HackerNoon My stories : Stories worth reading about programming and from our open source community. FreeCodeCamp technology : Tips, Tricks, and Techniques on using CSS. CSS-Tricks Design Patterns, Anti-Patterns and Refactoring articles and guides. Source Making : : A awesome blog about Design, Web, iOS, Android. A famous product of Thoughbot is — now is FREE. Thoughbot Upcase : Learn about Netflix’s world-class engineering efforts, company culture, product developments and more. Netflix Blog : Share about Tutorials, Tips about DevOps_( )._ ScaleScale.com Nginx, AWS Linux Tips, Hacks, Tutorials, And Ideas. nixCraft : Martin Fowler is an author, speaker, and loud-mouth on the design of enterprise software, work for . This blog focus on skills and techniques that help you improve the profession of software development in your career. Martin Fowler : ThoughtWorks : Joel Spolsky is CEO (and co-founder) of StackOverflow. The author of blog share about software development, management, business, and the Internet. Joel on Software : The author of this blog is Jeff Atwood, co-founder of StackOverflow with . Blog share a lot of quality articles and discussion about Software development. Coding Horror Joel Spolsky A Computer Science portal for geeks. It contains well written, well thought and well-explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes and practice/competitive programming/company interview Questions. GeeksforGeeks : : Where programmers share ideas and help each other grow. DEV Community Free Programming Books on C, C#, CSS, HTML5, iOS development, Android development, Java, JavaScript, PHP, Python, Ruby, SQL Server and more. GoalKicker.com: 📫 Weekly Emails: A free, once–weekly e-mail about articles, news and jobs of these stacks. Weekly Ruby Weekly Python Weekly PHP Weekly Postgres Weekly MongoDB Weekly Database Weekly JavaScript Finally, keep and develop your reading habits because it does not only sharpen your skills, makes your mind think deeper, but also helps you grow to the next level in your career path. “Success is sequential, not simultaneous.” — Gary W. Keller If you know any good books or blogs for developers, don’t hesitate to share them with me and everyone in the comment. Thank you for reading!

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25+ Recommended Blogs & Books forDevelopers

Joining tables is the first big learning curve after getting your head around . SQL basics More often than not you won’t find everything you need in one table so will need to learn which join to use when. If you’re familiar with the in Excel, you’ll be just fine. VLOOKUP function T-SQL supports cross, inner and outer JOIN clauses, and UNION operators to combine datasets. While there are plenty of guides to JOINs that use to get the point across, I prefer something more visual. venn diagrams INNER JOIN Use an INNER join, or just a JOIN, when you want to find the match between two tables. You need to have a key on both tables that you join ON, and that’s where the match happens. Any results where there is not a match are discarded. select o.order_item, i.inventory_item 
from orders o 
inner join inventory i 
on o.order_item = i.inventory_item LEFT OUTER JOIN Use a LEFT OUTER join when you want to find a match between two tables, but also show a NULL where there is no match from the right table. Like the INNER JOIN you need a key to join ON. A RIGHT OUTER JOIN does the same but in reverse. select o.order_item, i.inventory_item 
from orders o 
left join inventory i 
on o.order_item = i.inventory_item CROSS JOIN A CROSS JOIN joins everything with everything. There is no need to provide a key to join on and it can result in a very big data set, (and a really big image so you’ll have to use your imagination when reviewing the image below). Proceed with caution. select o.order_item, i.inventory_item 
from orders o 
cross join inventory i UNION While a JOIN combines rows of columns horizontally a UNION combines the results vertically. Using a UNION combines the result of two queries into one column and removes duplicates. If your query has multiple columns, they need to be in the same order to complete the UNION. select * 
from orders 
union 
select * 
from inventory UNION ALL The UNION ALL combines the results of two queries the same as a UNION but keeps the duplicates in the result. select * 
from orders 
union all 
select * 
from inventory The best way to get your head around JOINs is to start using them. If you aren’t working with a SQL database already, check out or to experiment with JOINs. SQLZoo Hacker Rank Let me know what other key concepts you think would be useful for complete beginners and junior data analysts. Originally published at dev.to .

All about SQL JOINs

There are a plethora of email marketing tools out there, each has a strong suit and should be used for a particular type of campaign. While Aweber, ConstantContact, GetResponse, MailChimp, ActiveCampaign are some of the best tools to build AutoResponder based relationship building email marketing campaigns. In this article, we will review, 3 of the best bulk mailing solution services for startups & small business. How is Bulk Mailing Solution different from Traditional Email Marketing campaigns? Generally, when you’re trying to blast your emails to a large number of contacts who might or might have subscribed to your list yet — is known as ‘Bulk Mailing’. Bulk Mailing is generally used for Cold Email Campaigns, Database marketing, Broadcast & promotional emails while traditional solutions like Aweber & GetResponse is used for Lead Generation and Auto-responder/NewsLetter campaigns. What to look for while choosing the ideal bulk mailing solution for your campaign? Some of the key elements to look for are: Daily & Hourly sending limit Delivery quality Whether it allows Purchased/Scraped contacts or not Hard bounce handling Mailing software features Setup & configuration requirement Let’s start by reviewing out top 3 Bulk Mailing Solutions: InstantBulkMailer ( ) Visit Website InstantBulkMailer is one of the fastest growing email marketing services in the world and there’s a good reason for that. It is specially built for the non-techie marketers and startup founders out there. Generally using a Bulk Mailing Solution, you would have to connect your corporate domain to the Bulk Mailing Solution providers Servers, Configure your SMTP & Sender emails — sometimes this might become extremely complex and if not done right, it leads to poor delivery rate. Many a time, the support staff will help you configure your Email & Domain via a screen share and it might end up becoming very tiresome process — not to mention the limitations that you have in using different ‘Sender emails’ which you’ll have to stick to your own corporate email addresses. InstantBulkMailer, on the other hand, has eliminated all of these steps, you do not need any configuration and are free to change and use any sender email of your choice including Gmail, Yahoo, OutLook. (Most other Bulk Mailing solutions do not allow free email services) I’m a big fan of InstantBulkMailer — simply because of it’s simplicity, competitive pricing and one of the best inboxing rate in the industry — without having to purchase any third party SMTP or G-Suite. Website — www.InstantBulkMailer.com Free Trial Available — Yes Advantages: No Setup or technical knowledge required Unlimited Sender email Cost effective for large-scale email blast campaigns Low Hard bounce penalty Allows Purchased email databases Disadvantages: Not good for newsletter & auto-responder campaigns 2. Semi-automated bounced & unsubscribed lead handling When to choose InstantBulkMailer over other bulk email marketing solutions? If you need to start sending out large-scale email blast campaigns right away without any technical know-how — then choose InstantBulkMailer. For Newsletter or Auto-responder campaigns you should choose other solution. SendInBlue Sendinblue — Popular Email Marketing Platform SendInBlue is one of the more reputed Bulk Mailing Solution in the industry. SendInBlue is an All-in-one email marketing solution as opposed to being just a bulk mailing solution, which means you can use it for Cold email marketing campaigns as well as Newsletter & Auto-responder campaigns. The beauty of SendinBlue is their commitment to regularly improve and enhance their infrastructure to provide a much greater user experience. As I write this article, they have recently raised $36 Million in venture funding — showing how much trust the market has given them in a very short period of time. They boast a rapidly growing number of small business and startup clients exceeding 50,000 mark in 2018. Some of the very reputed companies have shifted their email marketing to SendInBlue in recent times. I’ve used SendInBlue on many occasions for a different type of marketing campaigns. There’s no question that their platform is far superior in many ways than many of the leading email marketing solutions provider, however, why did I choose to rank it #2? Simply because they have the same limitations as any other bulk mailing solution providers have. i.e. Hard bounce penalty, complex email server configuration, and sender email limitations. Website: www.SendInBlue.com Free Trial Available: Yes Advantages: Efficient email blast & auto-responder campaigns in the same dashboard Drag and drop email marketing automation design Advanced contact list management Reputed leading company serving Fortune 100 clients Disadvantages: Email server configuration required Technical knowledge & setup Strong Hard bounce penalty Expensive compared to other solutions When to choose SendInBlue over other email blasting solutions? If you’re building an end-to-end email marketing campaign from cold email blasting to building relationships with their active email leads — then SendInBlue is the ideal solution. The one-time setup and configuration will be a worthy investment of your time. MailShake MailShake is one of the best cold email marketing solutions in the industry. It is an intuitive G-mail based email marketing solution best used when you’re looking to reach out to high email lead leads and set up a drip or auto-responder follow up a campaign to extract the best results. Generally speaking, it has many limitations — but the beauty of MailShake is it’s intuitive Auto-responder & Drip emails that you can setup which increases your response rate significantly. Their inboxing rate is much higher than most — given the fact that they use G-suite’s SMTP server to send emails on your behalf. Website: www.MailShake.com Free Trial Available: No Advantages: The best solution for small-scale cold email outreach Excellent Follow-up email campaigns for best response rates Uses G-suite for better inbox delivery rate Disadvantages: Complex set-up with G-suite email server Additional cost for every new sender email address you use An additional G-suite expense for every new email you add Not at all good for large-scale email blasts — as you’ll be banned from Google Very strong hard bounce penalty (With too email bounces — your account will be suspended) Very low daily sending limit (again, Google penalizes high volume emails!) When to use MailShake over other bulk mailing services? If you have a small list of pre-vetted high-quality email contacts that have very low chances of bouncing — then MailShake is an ideal solution. Their follow-up email setup is very powerful to derive good responses from your email leads- however, it is very limited for large-scale email blast campaigns. Closing thoughts on different Bulk Email Platforms This is how we use these tools for us and our clients. We generally use a service like to send out our larger email blast campaigns. We save money, don’t get penalized for hard bounces and due to its zero setup technology — we can run as many different highly customized campaigns as possible. Once we start obtaining results from these campaigns in the form of email Opens, URL clicks, email replies — then we extract and download those leads and set up follow-up campaigns using . InstantBulkMailer MailShake This article is an excerpt from our recently released kindle book “ ” How I Made $400K in Profit under 6 Months using only Cold Email Marketing

Top 3 Best Bulk Mailing Services for Email Blast Marketing Campaigns

My grandfather delivered coal. When he was young, every day he used to get up early and work long hours carrying coals around his city so people could heat their homes. Ironically, all to return to a simple room without heating. As transportation became more democratised and technology enabled people to heat their house without coals, he was forced out of his job. He became a sailer shortly after. Which is a job that is now mostly obsolete as well. My grandfather was not an educated man. He moved from job to job as he was forced out continiously by improved systems and technology. The deprecation of jobs is not something new. It has been hitting the lower class in an increasingly rapid rate since the industrial revolution. Nonetheless, my grandfather is fine. As jobs dissapeared, new jobs came in their place. So what’s the fuss about? The AI ultimatum AI technology has amazing potential capabilities. In the job market, AI walks hand in hand with automation. According to , less than 5 percent of jobs can be fully automated and that in about 60% of the jobs, parts of the work can be automated. This surely will shake up a lot of jobs. 5% may not sound like a lot, but if you consider that there are tens to hundreds of thousand different types of jobs, the weight of the number changes. a study from Mckinsey One thing to keep in mind is that AI has a lot of marketing weight to it. Sure it will be disruptive, but what makes AI so different from the advent of cars, the electronic sewing machine, the printing press? One concrete fear is that AI will become so smart that it can replace all of our jobs, not just the bottom class. Change is a lot more scary when you are the one affected right? Don’t fear. I am confident AI might kill your job. Or maybe not. Maybe some other technology will force you out. My advice? Become a drone pilot. The future of jobs Option 1 — becoming a drone pilot Photo by on david henrichs Unsplash It’s interesting to not just look at jobs that disappeared, but also at the new ones. I talked with Shaun, a commercial drone pilot. A job that was nothing more than a hobby in a 90’s scifi flick. But now, it is a very real thing, and Shaun from is doing exactly this for a living. Ricmond Drone Services My parents own a roofing company. I came up with the idea that it is hard to “market” a roof…it is hard to see from the road and most people don’t give a darn about a roof and how it looks. However, drones allow for beautiful video from the air. It is like it was made for showcasing homes and roofing! So, I convinced my parents to let me film some of their latest projects and see how it goes, also we could use the drone to inspect roofs without having to get up on the roof. Playing the safety card in that aspect. So, I started off my first year getting my U.S. commercial license and filming houses for my parent’s company. Then I created my own LLC and started doing drone photos and video for other companies, construction, boat dealers and more. Most people have no idea you need to be licensed by the FAA to film or take photos for marketing or for profit. In this example we see the innovative nature of the human mind. New technologies do definitely offer a range of new options and people will always be there to take advantage of that. In 10 years, when drone flying is automated, Sean might change his business model, or he might focus on an entirely new market. It’s the capability and willingness to adapt to change that makes us capable of dealing with disruptive change. Option 2 — The public transportation experience manager But what if a job can be fully automated away? Let’s take a bus driver. Not too long ago, the bus driver had to manually switch the content on the electronic sign that shows the direction. Before that, he even had to change a little paper in the windshield that showed the direction. Now, it changes the sign automatically based on GPS location. In the foreseeable future, the bus will just drive itself. More and more parts of the job are becoming automated, until there is nothing left to automate. I expect that another great way people will adapt to the automation powers of AI is that they will focus more on what makes us, people, unique to begin with. The human experience. Photo by on Jennifer Bedoya Unsplash In a world where busses drive themselves, I see the job of the bus driver change to an experience focused one. You walk in and get greeted by a friendly person. He makes sure you have a place to sit and offers you some snacks to increase your comfort. He talks with that older lady in the front of the bus, and makes sure she doesn’t miss her stop. This bus is more than an A to B mechanism. This is a bus where the human experience is key, and people will value it more because of this. I believe that as more parts of jobs get automated, they will be replaced by more human activities. Thus jobs will not completely disappear, but rather change in their activities. The future of work A lot of our day-to-day activities will get automated. Whether or not we will see a super intelligent AI, we can be sure it will invoke a lot of change. However, people will adapt like they always have. They will learn new skills, focus on things technology can’t offer or find other ways to make themselves valuable. In the end, human ingenuity and human experience are things we can not create with technology. For now. Follow me on twitter for more updates : https://twitter.com/thatmanonthe

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Why AI will take your job, and why it doesnt matter

A deep technical insight to this process In a global economy, everything is negotiated, traded and recorded in silos. Every enterprise has their softwares, databases, and systems to validate, record and retrieve information. They use primitive technology for communication with outside parties, like emails, excel sheets, invoices, and POs. Those third parties also use manual teams to again digitize them in own systems for using that information. Potential Problems Due to this Model: A considerable amount is unstructured and unactionable in communication Lost in Translation Chances of Skipping interaction Manual digitization by all parties after receiving copies Byzantine General Problem (No trust of information) Email/Interactions don’t become generally enforceable law. Expected time of Delivery and promised quality is compromised due to clear communication. Every third party’s company is a black box for the enterprise. It is just based on expensive agreements, and good faith business is running. All data and commitment supplied by third parties have financial incentives involved. So the probability of over-committing and under-performing is very high. No single version of the truth with internal teams, enterprise level or third-party levels. Challenges of Adopting Blockchain in Enterprises Data Challenges of Adopting Blockchain in Enterprises Data to System and Data Hacking/Phishing Attempts Encrypted Data might get after a few years. Due increase in Computing power of solve keys. Quantum computer posses that threat. decrypted Supply chain stakeholders business data, employee data, and systems are . It will have more probability and chances of attack due to cost/benefits from Competitors/Hackers. costly Supply chain stakeholders and ex-Employees can have threats to Blockchain System. Due to consensus and web access during the time of transition. Blocks inside Blockchain are immutable. The of System is based on permission and consensus. It is a dynamic model, which can change and evolve in the supply chain network. consistency Stores and Brands will have more transparency and information of chain. They might use this information for . reducing the profit margin for other stakeholders Planning in every phase should be strong and future ready. Otherwise, it will become obsolete, cumbersome, costly and time consuming to upgrade. Due to immutability and every new version will have different Data Block Format. It will make the system hard to upgrade over time. Upgrades are tough in blockchain. exploited by Stakeholders Fraud/Risk/Push/Gaps Few Solutions: Selecting Private Blockchain with strong fundamental architecture. We will select private blockchain solution which is , data critical for time, no loss to business and trade secret. resilient Selection of private blockchain solution should be IBM, Microsoft, and Amazon. We need upgrades and security updates. focused on big three companies. Small companies might shut down or have problems in securing the Blockchain database. by platform. The process of upgrading is highly required Hacking, decryption and security breach should not affect trade secrets. for all stakeholders, order ids, item names and details with encryption and permission-based access should be used. A pseudo naming convention should be applied for adding, editing and stage crossing blocks. Consensus parties should be decided based on the hierarchy of parties and decision permission for that block. Consensus Model Every Consensus Blocks will always be We will not give control to Suppliers to edit expected time Deliver (ETD) without Manufacturer permission or Manufacturer to edit expected time deliver (ETD) without Brand Approval. controlled by stakeholders 2–5 employees per Stage. Controlling Access, Permission for reading, writing, and editing based on need-to-know and involvement is essential. In case of an upgrade, the code should have a version number in each block to understand the algorithm and study those blocks. At a level of inconsistency, we need flags and systems. Upgrades will always be deployed at , which is order from store or brand. If there are old orders, which have not reached their conclusion (Delivery). Then those chains will follow old function in data block process flow. network start genesis chain start level (It is a complicated process, and creative ideas are needed.) Basic Process of Supply Chain Supply Chain in 2025: Supply Chain in 2025 have to open data to work with each other. Stakeholders like suppliers, manufacturers, shipping companies, brands, and stores. It will create a chain of trust and confidence to do business together. Stakeholders have to open current raw material and finished good inventory to Manufacturers before purchasing order. It will be based on a need-to-know basis for the manufacturer. The supplier will need bank balance assurance from Manufacturers with all future commitment included. Suppliers have to open production line data, human resources data, the condition of human resources, waste management and the actual time of delivery updates at a real time. Manufacturers will need bank balance assurance from brands with all future commitment included. Manufacturers have to open capability and capacity data for better booking. They have to provide real-time data of ship/air positions to supply chain. Shipping companies will need bank balance assurance from parties. Shipping companies have to open their purchasing power to make manufacturer assured of payments and faster delivery. They expect same from stores. Brands have to open data of user behavior with brands in the deeper level like style trail room visits, a style which has more hand touch and sales graph with user profiling. Brands will deliver more information about ad campaign performance, digital eCommerce performance, and planning process. Stores Once this data will open, and a new consensus model will evolve at every stage. Then will start shaping up in the supply chain industry. e.g, smart contracts If you deliver on this date automatically, payment will be made on this date, and if you delay by one day without approval, 0.1% will be deducted off the invoice amount as penalty. We will move away from paper contracts, and will evolve in the industry with standard codes. Both parties will verify smart contract code and accept. Once accepted it would be implemented in that stage or at purchasing order. configurable contracts It has to record a chain of events by a . Humans will interact with natural language, and it has to be converted to actionable items, event recording, stage shifting and consent given/not given the model. machine to machine, machine to software and software to software interaction will be based on the . We need to get consent from parties involved to change stage. It is also based on rights they will have for voting in stage transfer or not. e.g, Change of date for the expected time of delivery cannot be done, supplier. The manufacturer can only do it with internal teams consent. Consensus Model Byzantine General problem all this data is shared between companies and third parties with machines, ERP softwares, IoT devices, emails, excels sheets, CCTV and images with a need-to-know basis and preserving trade secrets. Currently, only blockchain can solve the problem of integrating all this data with consensus between parties and immutability for fraud-proof. Just Imagine, Basic guidelines for Designing This solution list of the foundation of product development. We have to achieve all the mentioned points in various phases of the project. to unlock the potential of organizations Truth is Key One version of Truth Truth is defined by the maximum ability to know reality. Rest is subjective truth, stories and the second version of truth. Supplier accepting the expected date of delivery (ETD) should have double confirmation System. So we have a very sure commitment from Suppliers. We should never apply double confirmation for Brand. They are a prime source of truth for Manufacturing companies. Editing of ETD rights should be always allowed to Brand. can be derived only by knowing chain of events and consensus of that event with timestamp stored with immutability. One version of Truth Every interaction with stakeholders, internal teams, top management is event. It should be tracked and inserted in chain. Few events will require double confirmation before entering in the chain. As events are immutable. We need them to be double confirmed with the event when the stage is crossed from one set to another. e.g Supplier shipped material from China. Extracting one version of Truth/Chain incase of any conflict with Store/Brand/Manufacturer/Supplier/Internal Team based on necessity. Segregation of Information Cost is sensitive data but time is critical performance data, which needs to free flow from Store/Brand/Manufacturer/Supplier/Internal Team. Two level of data encapsulation and security is needed when we will insert supplier, manufacturer, Brand, Shipping and Stores data in Blockchain. in Blockchain. Non-Sensitive information We will never insert Encrypted or Unencrypted sensitive information about price/cost in Blockchain. (Cryptography can be broken with Quantum Computer or Future technology or Hacking or Platform Bug of Blockchain. We should never be vulnerable to that hacking in future. It can be cracked after 20 years when technology is ready. It will become an embarrassing situation for stakeholders. Precaution is better with Blockchain) Time ETD is non-sensitive information but within the ecosystem of stakeholders. in real time Information Distribution We have only Information Asset within the supply chain network. We need this to free flow for best results. Information like time, raw material, ETD for order and time-sensitive information within the network. ETD and ETA should be strict and enforced across teams and need to know basis. Top management should receive focused information to all stakeholders. and monitoring Alert system for better knowledge (Email Focused) Open/Reply/Forwarding Emails from stakeholders as Analytics and Knowledge. to find gaps before it is too late. Agile and Actionable information Timeline strict project should have special considerations in System with more strict Alert systems. Stakeholders with track record is important. We can plan penalties for not responding and delaying in system. Department/Head/Employees agility should be tracked and rewarded. Top management should be kept in driving seat rather than receiving information from the hierarchy. Predictive Logic: Foundation of this logic will be written on stakeholders past record of supplied orders. Assuming we have low ranking suppliers (low ranking means delaying inventory suppliers) in particular brands. Then we should focus on them as well as orders. System of every order with supplier/manufacturer past record can give you likelihood of order completion on time. It is probability theorem but effective for triggering danger orders. It will need machine learning on past data and conversation. Mode of Communication of Stakeholders Store, Brand, Manufacturer, Supplier, and Shipping companies. Email(Heavy used system with maximum inefficiency) Image Proof/CCTV footage_(Applied to all stakeholders.)_ Excel Sheet (Non-standard Formats and highly different across emails and ecosystem.) RFID(Complicated and different implementation by each stakeholder. Data planning is needed for it.) ERP(Structured Data and System. Sharing them on blockchain will be key.) IOT and Custom Devices(Monitoring, Analysing, Measuring, Access control data can also be inserted in blockchain to derive chain of events.) Open APIs for Shipping companies and other stakeholders (It is entirely dependent on stakeholders implementation. Eg. Fedex Tracking API is easy. But shipping companies is tough.) Process Flow Order from Brand to Manufacturer Requesting Quote from Suppliers Receiving Quotes Negotiation and discussions for best ETD and Price with Suppliers Suppliers Selection Generating order for each supplier. Account team will create Invoice and send Suppliers. Supplier delivers Quantity and Quality approved raw materials to shipping companies. Shipping received for manufacturing. Process Flow of Supply Chain Planning Process for development Methods for Interaction between stakeholders and departments. Trade Secrets outline, what needs to protect in the supply chain. It can be in database list of the supplier, manufacturer, brand owner or store owners. It also includes employees data, email flow, process flow, etc. A detailed structure of involved stakeholders, teams, roles, hierarchy structure, user roles, daily interaction and flow of information and data needs to be planned before executing who, Does What, Reports to Whom, Where, When and How. Then teams can create proper roles and data packet they are generating in System. Data Packet Design for Blocks in the chain Data Block insertion rights, editing rights, and updates rights. Data Block planning, stage segregation systems, Flags from one status to another, highlighting blocks and confirmation of stage crossing. Blockchain Nodes for team stage crossing and coloring system with a satisfaction level. Consensus between team for crossing stage, creating orders, ETD and actionable buttons will be planned. Conflict Data Blocks inside the chain. They need to be highlighted in UI with actions to resolve by consensus with parties involved. Screen planning, Tree System planning, Stakeholders wise Access to blocks. Alert System configuration based on order, supplier, manufacturer, brands, stores, and shipping companies. Security of data and the entire system. We need to write all possible hacks, security threats, access control threats, data stealing within teams, consensus breaking and leakage by stakeholders. Planning for double confirmation and blocks, which need them. Generally, it will be used for stage crossing. Upgrades for the entire chain. In case of Upgrades, we need to plan for future with Data Blocks, Network, and Process flow. Example of Data Blocks and Stages. We are covering a small part of the chain. So we have a better idea chain shape and method. We have taken the process from brand ordering to manufacturer and manufacturing orders to suppliers. Manufacturer Chain to specific order RFID Data in the same Blockchain We are giving you an example from a Brand perspective. If Brand is giving an order to Manufacturer following data should be added in Blockchain for better tracking and following up with teams. Using RFIDs in Supply Chain The small process explained for RFID implementation and data generation: Raw Material entry in Production Production started Finished Production in Factory Factory Shipped to Forwarding Warehouses Shipments Shipment to the destination in Direct Shipment to US Warehouses Received in US Warehouses Shipping to Client to Stores Return Shipment The chain will be having all data blocks coming from RFID devices and stitched to the chain. This information will be provided with a timestamp in it. Conclusion We have to understand blockchain from philosophical level during planning and implementation. It is about companies opening up their data to other stakeholders for mutual benefits and automating processes. Many processes and orders are pending and waiting in the long supply chain due to approvals and confusions if we share that information with other stakeholders concerned with it. Then we can have accountability and streamline the process. There should be explicit consensus/agreement between quality, quantity and time between stakeholders in case of any editing in orders. It should be approved by both parties. It can reduce pressure from the supply chain. “Information collected from various sources should be aligned for knowing one version of truth and transparency in the ecosystem without disturbing trade secrets of each stakeholder.” Originally Published on by Virat Khutal. EngineerBabu Blog — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Read My Other Related Articles **3.** 1. How is Blockchain Disrupting the Supply Chain Industry? , Also on Hackernoon 2. Top 10 Reputable Blockchain Development Companies , Also on Hackernoon Blockchain Technology Explained: Introduction, Meaning, and Applications , Also on Hackernoon 4. Everything You Need to Know About Smart Contracts: A Beginner’s Guide , Also on Hackernoon 5. AI in 2019 — What Tech Companies are Betting Big On? 6. How is Blockchain Revolutionizing Banking and Financial Markets, Also on Hackernoon . I am Mayank, Cofounder of EngineerBabu . Feel free to reach out to me on LinkedIn | mayank@engineerbabu.com (About EngineerBabu — Medium ). In addition Help startups, enterprises, and owners to grow their business by building high class IT solutions. 95% of projects developed by them were completed on-time. , Win most innovative Premier Design Award, selected in Y-Combinator 2016 & 2017. EngineerBabu 30+ funded by VCs

Flow

FedEx

Microsoft

Waste Management

Blockchain Remodeling Supply Chain

Tech lovers often see blockchain as something pure and undamaged. Even the ones who bash Bitcoin praise blockchain, as if it’s something beyond. And in a way it is. Blockchain can be used for various cases besides cryptocurrencies. But on the other hand blockchain is Bitcoin same way WorldWideWeb is the Internet. As the creator of Bitcoin Satoshi Nakamoto created both Bitcoin and blockchain at the same time for the same purpose. Separating blockchain from the Bitcoin is like abandoning Internet and building a totally new system on its ruins (and using the exactly the same technology to do that). Sadly, to due open nature of blockchain, this has happened with Bitcoin as there are not way more copies of it, than we could ever need, and this leads us to the weaknesses of blockchain and decentralization. Total lack of barriers to entry I do very much appreciate when an industry is not regulated by the government, and when big companies cannot bully small ones, but with current cryptocurrency industry, we’ve gone from extremity to another. We’ve gone from the phase where nothing is allowed to the phase where everything is allowed. And quite frankly they are both bad. Today we have more than 2000 different crypto currencies according to and since they list only trading coins, in reality we have over 10k, of which most have been abandoned already. Even an idiot can see that we don’t need as many and still the same idiots invest in those shit-coins in hope of making easy money. Obviously, they lose eventually, which leads us to the next point. CoinMarketCap Total lack of scam protection Another weakness is the total lack of scam protection. Usually, this is taken care of by government institution, but since we are in the free market, no one is manipulating it. We could have easily decentralized non-government supervision entity, but it will take years until industry pioneers have stolen enough move in order to move to the next phase of “building an honest business”. Right now, everyone has to look after their own back, and since the majority of the people are stupid this is not going well. In addition to the huge amount of scam coins, we even see quite bold attempts of scamming people with cryptocurrencies that: Have no blockchain: OneCoin. Are not decentralized: Ripple/XRP. But still people fall for them. What should be done? To be honest: at this point, nothing. Nothing can be done and nothing should be done. If we allow governments to regulate this market they will ruin it completely just like they have ruined everything else they have ever touched. Asking a government to help is like sheep asking T-Rex to help them to fix the problem with wolves. Yes, all the wolves will be dead, but so will be the sheep, and the shepherd and the cows and the horses. Everyone will be dead, it will just be a giant massacre. Sadly all we can do is sit and wait until the majority of so-called “investors” have lost all their money and grown up. It’s a free market and they will be scammed for as long as there will be victims. Best way to fight a scam is to educate the mass to not to be total idiots. But the media does this job poorly. Instead of separating obviously hoax-coins they are packing them all together and even attacking Bitcoin itself. And we understand why this is happening. The media owned by the government and corporations have their own fish in the tank and are still hoping that FIAT money will still somehow magically survive. So they want everyone who touched cryptocurrencies to get burned. If people were truly honestly educated about things, we would not have the problems we have now. The goal of the government is to keep people stupid enough that they don’t question what is happening around, so that the government can do its dirty deeds. Because if people would become critical and spot lies, manipulation and scam, the government would be the first criminal they would bring down. In order to truly fix all of the social issues we have we need to eventually decentralize everything we have, and not only the money. We need a decentralized press, we need decentralized government. Then the problems will fix themselves, not earlier. Bitcoin is a great start on this journey and a huge first stem that will make it all possible. But it’s not the only step, we need to take a thousand more. And then one day we will see a truly free society.

The Weaknesses of Blockchain and Decentralization.

Hi! My name is Abhi Kulshrestha, presently pursuing class 12th and belongs to Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA. I am kinda a boy who is both extrovert and introvert! But that’s the thing which makes me different. Hailing to get into some IT fields, i tried to make many door of opportunities and one among them is GOOGLE CODE-IN 2018. WHAT IS GOOGLE CODE-IN? Code-in is an annual contest by Google for pre-university students (age 13–17) to make them introduce to Organisation. Google Code-in gives an opportunities to students by making them introduce to first most step towards their respected intrest field. Google Open Source HOW IT WORKS? Getting Start to it, a respected student is used to choose an organisation which is selected by the Google. A participant should choose an organisation with his/her corresponding abilities in particular fields. I am natively an ios developer and android developer natively works on swift and java. The Tasks are categorised as:- Design, Quality Assurance, Code, Outreach/Researchor Documentation/Training. HOW DO I CAME TO KNOW ABOUT GOOGLE CODE-IN ? So it was about Google Code-in 2017 when i was influenced by my cousin brother who participated in Google Code-in 2017. Google Code-in 2017 was at the end and so i decided to participate in Google Code-in 2018. I decided to learn more about Google code-in and make myself prepare for it. Vatsal Kulshrestha I started making some UI design, video editing, image editing, image designing and many others needed to make me perfect for the Google Code-in 2018 till the date reaches. MY THROUGHOUT JOURNEY The Google Code-in 2018 was seeming far but was near. Right!? Time was passing by very fast and i literally didn’t had an idea when GCI 2018 was at the verge to start. What if we say? objects in (the) mirror are closer than they appear. So it was the high time to get into my destiny and go on to it. I fasten my belt for GCI. My Machine was ready, I was all set for the throttle and the day for which i was waiting was here. Now this is the time to analyse myself and and possibly win the contest! So getting start to it, I rigorously analysed each organisation and go down the line which suits. As the contest started i took an aim for organisation The organisation was totally based on their app PocketCode which i have never known to. After completing only one task i wasn’t able to find any task that fits to my abilities, and merely the organisation didn’t suited me. CATROBAT. I was bit upset as i was expecting more from myself. And so i took break for a while adapting myself to the situation. And from here my de facto journey begin! I started with a motive of least expectations and more work. Once again i choosed my new organisation i.e., (digital impact alliance) which basically has three sub-organisation MIFOS, LIBREHEALTH and USHAHIDI. I set in stone for Mifos Initiative, and my confidence was raised when in only one day my 5–7 task were reviewed successfully. I had a huge intrest in contributing to the mifos and so i did. And on 26 th NOVEMBER my name was on the leaders board. It was a great pleasure for me. With a great response by Mifos, i also contributed for LibreHealth, not much but some. DIAL ABOUT MIFOS Mifos is a sub-organisation of DIAL. Mifos is basically a non - profitable initiative to create a family of 3 billion maries where each of the poor and unbanked people has an access to the financial resources needed to create a better life for themselves and their family. One of the main motive is to eliminate the poverty from the world with connecting poor and unbanked people to the services they should take. Ed Cable, after supporting the community for several years as community manager, was ready to help the community stand united in guiding Mifos in its next phase. Mifos is trying to resolve the problem by introducing the unbanked people by FinTech banks, NeoBanks and many other mobile money provider. What I LEARNED? Google Code-in was the bestest experience till now i ever had. It taught me each and everything. It was all from the basics to advance. it taught me:- How to contribute to open Source? How to use GITHUB? 3. how to help others? 4. how to seek help and work hard until you succeed 5. and many more. Many different helps and answer from each mates ___________________________________________________________________ This would not be possible without the Mentors, who helped me at the each stage and whenever i was in problem related to task.I am way far better than i used to be, Thank YOU! Edward Cable, Chirag Gupta, Lehone, Robby O’Connor and all other for supporting and encouraging me till the end. Google Code-in was a great experience, which taught me many new things that would surely help me in the future. People helped me alot in the community chat and i also tried to help all others wherever I can, by searching and knowing more about it. I am overwhelmed to contribute to DIAL which encouraged me when i was low, which boosted my confidence when i needed the most. I would also like to thank my Parents and all the people who supported me throughout the journey of GCI 2018. From here my journey to the destiny begins. and Google code-in 2018 was first step to my destiny. I incur my work totally to the DIAL. This journey might be a small achievement for many, but it means a lot to me. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step, There is still a long way to go.

The Verge

GOOGLE CODE-IN 2018 EXPERIENCE

Hateful YouTube videos or spurious Search results are a source of controversy which has spilled over to Congress as witnessed by the rough questions Google CEO Sundar Pichai had to . Automatic YouTube feeds have become so normal (with the default auto-play setting being ‘on’) that this is a favorite pastime of many, to keep watching feeds. My son keeps watching YouTube videos to no end, without any knowledge about how trustful the video source is. And one can’t underestimate the influence such unvetted information can have on gullible minds, young and impressionable. Google, surely would be seized of this huge issue which has a potential to fuel violence. The Washington pizzeria shooting is an example and another incident of a more violent nature can bring Google (and Alphabet) right under the cross-hairs of the Government or the courts. Google’s answer to questions by Congressmen did not sound convincing. Transferring the blame to algorithms cannot absolve Google of the responsibility if something serious happens. It is their duty to ensure the algorithm does not let spurious, hateful information end up on a kid’s phone (or anyone’s phone). handle Google gives explanations which broadly are along these lines, Enormity of the problem: As Pichai says about 6 million videos are uploaded every day. To sort out the good from the bad is a humongous task any which way you look at it. We are already on the job: Google is said to employ thousands of engineers to censor videos for hate content, adult content, etc. They also keep updating their algorithms which detect spurious content. Difficulty of sorting right from wrong: While an algorithm can be configured to spot cuss words, hate words, etc., how can an algorithm know if a guy talking of a Government conspiracy that caused 9/11, is talking rubbish or the truth. Surely this is a huge and complex issue and Google is perhaps investing the best it can on this. Still, as an avid YouTuber, here’s my two pennies to the issue, if it can help. The outline of my idea is as follows - Rather than blocking spurious videos, the target is to prevent them from going into recommendation lists, search results, subscriber lists (lets call them feeds) - Go with the assumption that extremist views, conspiracy theories tend to be created and followed by groups. If there is way to detect these groups then all videos followed by them can be tagged unfeedable (cannot go into feeds). - Once such groups are detected then a sample review of their videos should be enough to tag all their videos, thereby reducing work content. - To use crowd sourcing to verify samples from the group and rate the group - To use collaborative filtering (a method already in use in recommender systems) for the above (an idea explained in detail later). Recommender systems There is a paper on how Google uses a Deep Learning architecture for recommendations . Google uses a two stage process to first identify possible candidate videos and then to arrive at a list of videos with ranking which it displays to the user. These processes extensively use information that Google collects of user interaction, including video watch time, feedback of likes/dislikes, commenting and so on. It appears to do a thorough job of taking many factors into account like freshness of video, user demographics, etc. to ensure that the recommendations catch the attention of the viewer. As Google says in their “The goals of YouTube’s search and discovery system are twofold: help viewers find the videos they want to watch, and maximize long-term viewer engagement and satisfaction”. The emphasis is to get videos that the viewers would see, would like and that would make viewers continue to watch YouTube videos. In fact the Deep Learning Models are trained to mimic actual viewing patterns. It is fed millions of examples of past customer usage data and is trained to predict the next watch correctly. here site Google also has algorithms in place which detect unacceptable content in the video script (as per their published policies) and flag them as strikes. There is also a manual verification process and an appeal process for the video uploader. If the strikes go beyond a certain number the video is blocked. It appears they have different algorithms for recommendations and those for content verification. The idea suggested here is to integrate these two. One of the methods many Recommender systems use is what is called collaborative filtering (CF) which Google mentions is used for candidate selection above. This is a process which is based on “the concept that different people whose evaluation (of say songs) matched in the past are likely to match again in the future”. For example, let’s say you view Song A by Band X, also like Song B by Band Y. Then this algorithm will look for another person (say individual K) who has the same view/like history and pull out Song C liked by him and show it in your feed. And if you view this Song © then the pattern will get reinforced and you will get more videos seen by K. It looks for the class of people who have tastes similar to yours and recommends items that they like (which you have not seen). Collaborative filtering is considered to be the most popular and widely implemented technique in Recommender Systems, as per Recommender Systems Handbook, Springer (2015). What results with CF is that people of similar tastes get grouped together. For example out in Google or Amazons database you would be part of a group which would appreciate Hard Rock music, or classical music or country western music, depending on what your tastes are. Unknowingly you get grouped with people who see/like the kind of stuff that you like. Groups with shared interests, passion, ideas, positive or negative. It is this exact feature that can be exploited by Google to spot videos of people with hateful ideas since they would form a group too. So if there is a way to identify this group then the whole class of videos that belong to this group can be tagged as unsearchable, unfeedable. Profile Grouping Collaborative filtering is used by Recommender Systems for filtering out possible recommendations from a large corpus. Here it is proposed to be used to extract groups with shared interest user profiles. Let’s call this process Profile Grouping. The PG process will simply map users to videos that users like, comment on or engage with positively (in technical terms). It will identify sets of users who like sets of videos. So a mapped Groups-Videos list would get generated. More the members of this group watch the video exclusively, the stronger would be the mapping. It would not have any tag to define it to begin with. Google has its own tags to define which class a video belongs to (based on user descriptions, what it calls as metadata) which it uses during searches, but that’s not needed here. Remember the purpose of this exercise is to identify potential groups which generate harmful videos and just that. So the only tagging that is needed is of the group-videos’ spuriousness. And this will happen only after detection of a spurious video. So for identifying whether a video is spurious or not, a two stage process is suggested. First, over and above the like/dislike buttons, a spuriousness button should be provided below a video, by pressing which the user tells whether the video is unacceptable and should be removed. This by itself is not a guarantee that the video is spurious. The second stage will happen only if a video is found spurious by a user. This stage consists of manual reviewing. Reviewing, it is suggested can be a crowd sourced affair, where reviewers are sent the video for rating. Once a reviewer gives a negative rating, the group(and videos) get tagged. So a negative rating, would not only apply to the subject video, but also to all the videos mapped to this group that this user belongs to. If the rating of the group falls below a defined value all videos from the group would be tagged unsearchable, unfeedable even for subscribers. They would not show up in searches or recommendation feeds. So group tagging is done by a process of sampling which will considerably reduce processing time compared to what would be required for checking every video. Clearly this process would suffer from what is called cold start problem where a group definition would happen only after some reviews get generated and so bad videos would initially be available in feeds. But the belief, once again, is that spurious videos tend to get generated by people of a certain kind. So over a period of time Google should be able to get an idea of groups with rating history and should be able to spot malicious videos. The tagged videos would be present in YouTube however and can be accessed only by its proper address or link which will considerably reduce the chances of unintentional views. This is an important distinction from the present practice of blocking videos. The only thing being done to take it out of reach of unintended recipients. This includes subscriber feeds also as YouTube cannot be a forum for spreading spurious data even to subscribers. Manual review might appear a daunting task, considering the number of videos uploaded every minute. But once a group has been identified, if a fresh video from the group gets a spurious strike, the second stage can be done away with. So over a period of time the number of reviews needed might reduce. Still, crowd sourcing is suggested for verification taking inspiration from this amazing platform — Wikipedia. Wiki, for all its limitations provides reasonably truthful information in spite of the fact that its editors do not get any incentive for ensuring accuracy of information. It is a fantastic demonstration of the inherent human nature to support rightness and promote truth. Google can find plenty of people who would be ready to support this activity of verifying video content. They do not do it today or perhaps are not seen to be doing it, due to the extraordinary size of the number of videos spewing out every day, which makes it difficult for somebody to even locate videos to provide feedback about. With a proper system for review Google can develop reviewers with performance ratings and classify them based on topics of expertise. They can be sent videos for reviewing and be provided compensation. To ensure elimination of effect of demographics, political affiliation, the reviewers can be spread all over the world. One of the major effects of the grouping action is that it will reduce the number of videos to be verified. A sample set of videos should be sufficient to characterize the group and all its mapped videos. For example, a right wing anti-Semitic group can be evaluated by a just a handful of videos for its content and all videos which are liked exclusively by this group can be tagged unfeedable, unsearchable. To ensure that good videos seen by the group do not get tagged negatively, if the videos liked by a group member is also liked by other groups then it would not qualify to get tagged negatively. The whole process can be controlled by a faceless algorithm so that there is no bias. The individual reviewers will only review videos and would have no idea of the group it belongs to and would not have any say in the action the algorithm takes. This process can be a framework for a way YouTube videos can be linked and networked. It can also be extended to rate videos for truthfulness, approval, etc. which might also benefit users and also make YouTube a source of trusted information in the long run. This may even have commercial benefits. It would be a tough task, any which way, to spot and penalize videos with unacceptable content while at the same time not offending plenty of fans of the channel as this article . But that’s a price that Google has to pay if it wants to avoid hateful videos leading up to violence and loss of lives. shows Thanks for reading!

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Suggestions for Sanitizing YouTube Recommendations and Search Results

Problem For every sale, salesmen are rewarded with an incentive. Tracking these sales is very important. It will help the organization give accurate incentives to the sales executives. When the organization is small with less number of employees, this system can be easily implemented on a traditional relational database. However, the arises when the organization is a spread across multiple cities across the globe. That is when we need to have a system which can operate at a global scale and the data in the system can be tracked easily. problem We cannot remove the incentive system because incentives helps the sales executives to work efficiently and perform even better. Thankfully, can help us solve this problem. enterprise blockchains Solution As stated in the previously, I intend to solve this problem with . enterprise blockchain We can have a Key-Value pair implemented on the blockchain and that can solve this problem. Where key is the name of the executive and the value is the incentive earned by the salesman. This can be further improved by using code which will automatically calculate the incentive earned by the sales person. We can also have a concrete system in which if two sales person have collaborated for a deal, this smart contract code can split the incentive equally between this. Not only will this improve the transparency in the organization, but it will also promote healthy relationships among co-workers and help the whole organization prosper at scale. Autonomous Smart Contract Let me explain this with the following example: Let us say that we have two salesmen “A” and “B”. Both of them collaborate to close a 1000$ deal with a customer. We can have these salesperson enter the details of the sale and the coworker they have collaborated with in the UI system that will be designed with smart contract embedded at the backend. Let us say that as per the rules of the company 1% incentive goes to the salesman closing the deal. Here we have two representatives, so smart contract will equally split the incentive as 5$ for each. Finally the Key-Value Pairs are “A:5” and “B:5”. This is how we can visualize an “Incentive tracking system” on a blockchain and this can be offered as a service with the help of cloud helping organizations prosper at scale. The following quote motivated me to write this article: “Blockchains are a new invention that allows meritorious participants in an open network to govern without a ruler and without money. They are merit-based, tamper-proof, open, voting systems. The meritorious are those who work to advance the network.”~ Naval Ravikant Thank you for reading my article. This article comes under research work done at Wright State University’s SMART Lab under the guidance of Dr. Yong Pei. Note: Wright State University: Department of Computer Science and Engineering : Dr. Yong Pei : https://www.wright.edu/ https://www.wright.edu/degrees-and-programs/profile/computer-science https://people.wright.edu/yong.pei If you have any questions, please feel free to send me an email . You can also contact me via Linkedin . You can also follow me on Twitter . In order to get started with Blockchain read my article published on Hackernoon .

Incentive Tracking System

Marcel Proust once said: “A change in the weather is sufficient to recreate the world and ourselves.” But if Proust were to go one step further, he’d say that is sufficient to recreate the world and ourselves. After all, our mood is strongly linked with what the weather outside is like. mood Based on our experience as humans, we know all too well that mood can “recreate the world and ourselves”, impacting our thoughts, judgments, and perceptions. For instance, if you’re in a bad mood, you’ll be more pessimistic in your judgment and decision making (Wright and Bower 1992). On the flip side, if you’re in a good mood, you’ll be more optimistic in your judgement, choices and as well as your perception of risk. Happy decision makers are more optimistic about their probability of winning a lottery, for example. After all, mood is rooted in emotion. And . emotions conceal motivation In evolutionary terms, emotions and feelings are highly rational proxies for calculation which bring us closer to satisfying goals that could aid our survival. Emotions such as fear cloak a hidden motivation to avoid the very things that inspire that fear; feelings of attraction disguise the motivation to procreate with a significant other in order to pass on our genes into the next generation. In all their irrationality, emotions are a rational, cool, calculating process. Mood stems from emotions and feelings which conceal certain motivations. If you’re in a sad mood, anxious mood, or fearful mood, the motivations driving your behaviour will differ. And because they differ, they will all impact your trading in unique and insidious ways. Being self-aware and cognisant of how mood can influence our trading decisions can cast an scathing light on the root cause of some of our most common trading mistakes as well as any bad trading habits we may have unknowingly developed. If we can understand how mood influences our trading, we can better prepare how to navigate these different emotions in a way that doesn’t negatively impact our trading. In this article, we’ll explore various emotions such as sadness, anxiety, and fear and talk about how these emotions can impact our trading. How sadness impacts your trading Cognitive scientists conceptualise sadness as rooted in the loss or absence of rewards. Whenever we experience sadness, it feels like “something is missing.” This is often true — we experience sadness if we don’t succeed at something, if we go through a breakup, or we lose a precious item, for example. So how do sad people tend to go about reducing their sadness? If we feel that “something is missing,” then we’ll actively seek to fill the void. That is, we’ll actively search for reward elsewhere. One way this manifests is that sad people tend to buy gifts for themselves (Mick & Demoss, 1990). Another way is that sad people have a tendency to help others because of the “feel-good” emotions we experience when helping others (e.g. Schaller & Cialdini, 1990). In other words — sad people will seek out reward to elevate and repair their mood. Sad people simply have different priorities in their decision-making. In other words, they’re simply motivated to seek immediate gratification in mood reparation rather than delay gratification by making sound, reasonable decisions that would bring long-term tangible benefits at some point in the future (Leith & Baumeister, 1996). How this translates to trading is that sad traders are more likely to engage in behaviours and enter trades with the sole purpose of repairing their mood. This can be a very slippery slope. Sad traders are more likely to FOMO buy into a green candle for a quick rewarding experience. They’d be more inclined to be influenced by the media in their investment decisions, buying into the sensationalism and hype. They’re more likely to choose low probability trade set ups simply because they seem more exciting (i.e. emotionally rewarding). Anticipating potentially massive gains is a pleasurable experience in of itself and low probability trades are the best at providing those. Low-probability trades offer the illusory promise of a huge payoff. What often goes along with that is higher risk. People tend to accept outsized risk in expectation of a huge payoff so sad traders are more likely to seek out high risk trades. And finally, sad traders in an effort to repair their mood would be more inclined to delay the resolution of a trade due to savouring potential gains. Being able to open your crypto portfolio tracker app and see that you’re enjoying a lot of unrealised profits is fun and rewarding. Which is why people often tend to prolong that enjoyment by being in no rush to cash out some of those profits. Ultimately, trading behaviours rooted in mood reparation lead to emotional decisions. Sad traders will be biased towards selecting high-risk, high-reward trades as well as engaging in reward-focused trading behaviours, for better or for worse (mostly worse). Trading on emotion is a recipe for disaster which is why it’s important to understand your mood and question the motivations underlying it. How anxiety impacts your trading What about anxiety? How is anxiety understood and how does it impact your trading? Cognitive scientists suggest that anxiety stems from (over something with potential harmful consequences) and a perceived over a situation. high uncertainty lack of control Fundamentally, anxiety is rooted in insecurity. And the way anxious people will cope with that is by wanting to become more secure — their behaviours and choices will reflect that desire. So if someone wants to reduce anxiety, they would do that by reducing uncertainty and avoiding risk. What are some of the ways this could manifest itself in trading? Anxious traders are more likely to sell too soon, set stop-losses that are too tight, choose non-volatile options with limited profit potential, and miss out on profitable opportunities due to acute risk aversion. Research has found that if people experience anxiety, they tend to have a . preference for low risk, low reward options They want low-risk, high-certainty choices over low-risk, high rewards. Anxious people simply don’t value high excitement, high reward trades like sad people do. In fact, excitement and rewards aren’t the prime focus for anxious traders. The prime focus for anxious traders is more certainty and less risk. After all, sad people want to repair their mood; anxious people want to just get rid of their anxiety by reducing the things that fuel it. How fear impacts your trading Research shows that if people are fearful, they’ll make more pessimistic risk assessments, leading to more risk-averse choices (Lerner and Keltner, 2000). This easily translates into trader and investor sentiment. The more fearful you are, the more bearish your price predictions will be, the more unrealistic they will be given how rooted in emotion they are. The more emotional you are in your price predictions, the more they’ll deviate from how low price could realistically go. This explains — a phenomenon where traders and investors get overly bearish about market prices. That is, they over-exaggerate the extent to which price can realistically go down. bearish euphoria Traders that are overly fearful will wait for price to drop lower and given their unrealistically pessimistic price expectations, they’ll oftentimes miss out on a trend reversal which will have happened sooner than they had anticipated. Conclusion All it takes is a shift in your mood to influence how you perceive risk, what you are motivated by in your decision-making, and how you assess your trades. Whether you’re anxious, fearful, happy or sad — all of these emotions will have unique influences on your decision-making process. In other words, mood biases decision-making towards certain preferences. Sad traders will be biased towards seeking out high risk, high reward trades in an effort to repair their mood. Anxious traders will be biased towards low risk, low reward trades in an effort to minimise uncertainty and a perceived lack of control in their decisions. Fearful traders will catastrophize reality and become more pessimistic in their assessments. If we understand the impact that mood has on our trading, we can develop a better sense of self-awareness that would help us navigate these different emotions in a way that would benefit our trading. P.S. If you’re interested in learning more about the cryptocurrency market and psychology, feel free to sign up to my email newsletter and follow me on . rektcapital.co Twitter

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Social media and authenticity can help you find the answer Photo by on Ales Nesetril Unsplash Self-learning is the essential skill to master in these days of digitization and automation. This is my conclusion after giving several workshops last week. The participants were all inspired and convinced that the exponential growth of technology will have an enormous impact on the future of work and society as a whole. Participants in the workshops were particularly interested in what 2019 will bring in the areas of artificial intelligence, robotics, and crypto-currencies. It is, however, difficult to predict with certainty what is going to happen and when (even in 2019). Continuous self-learning is necessary in order not to be “surprised” and to take full advantage of the technological changes. I explained self-learning in more detail in an earlier . What I want to emphasize here again is that just collecting, curating and consuming information isn’t sufficient. You have to become actively engaged and involved in co-creation, experimentation, correction, and “criticizing” activities. And the best way to become an active participant in the “creation of the future” is through social media. Hackernoon-piece It is important to realize that social media is so much more than a time-wasting, data-mining, or addiction-creating activity (here I cite Evan Puschak in The Nerdwriter’s post on “ ”). Social media goes beyond trying to get as many “likes” as possible. smartphones in popular movies Social media is about starting an inclusive dialogue, becoming part of a creative community, understanding and building the digital future together. Another advantage of social media is that it offers many new ways to convey your message or start a conversation: movies, stories, infographics, pictures, short messages, etc. But, to be as effective as possible, it is crucial to be “authentic.” Or, at least, it is necessary to manufacture an image that communicates authenticity. Here are three strategies for communicating genuine authenticity. #Personalize and humanize (and never ever lie) The increasing amount of information and shrinking attention spans mean that the style of communicating matters enormously. It is, of course, essential to think about the potential audience, but what is more important is to communicate in an engaging and personalized matter. Personalized posts tend to attract the most attention because they reflect authenticity. Authenticity means that you have to be honest. Addressing hard issues increases engagement. In contrast, keeping up appearances strategies or being pretentious will fail. It is distractive and consumes too much energy. #Embrace diversity and benefit from the “wisdom of the crowd” Specialization is usually viewed as necessary. I sometimes hear warnings that people should be careful not to become “a jack of all trades, master of none.” We don’t need more generalists, but more specialists. There is some truth in this. However, we must be careful not to “box things” too quickly and look at technological developments in isolation. Many new technologies are amplifying and accelerating each other. Also, new technological developments have a wide range of consequences. Even if you are a specialist, you must be able to put yourself in the shoes of other people (both generalists and specialists). “Multidisciplinary” is a vital component of the self-learning cycle. For social media and the wisdom of the crowd to work effectively, we must develop an open mind, diversify and develop a mindset of “many interests.” _The most comprehensive case that has ever been made for why nearly everyone should become a polymath in a modern…_medium.com People Who Have “Too Many Interests” Are More Likely To Be Successful According To Research #Build relationships and always invite input The ultimate aim, and benefit, of adopting a social media strategy is the ongoing creation of new inclusive relationships, which will give you a fresh perspective on new trends and help you understand, build, and co-create the future. But what is perhaps more important is to maintain your “community.” Here authenticity is also essential. You have to be consistent, genuine, and ideally interact with your community (which is the most challenging part). What’s Next? What is surprising is that so many people don’t actively engage in social media discussions about our future. Most people (including Millennials) that I talk to still focus on the negative aspects of social media. But, for me, it’s clear: smart and authentic social media use is the driver behind the cycle of self-learning and is the best way to get a deep understanding of the trends of 2019. 👏 Thank you so much for reading! Please click (and hold) the below, or leave a comment. There is a new story every week. So if you follow me you won’t miss my latest insights about how digital technologies are changing the way we live, work, and learn.

“What Are the Game-Changing Trends for 2019?” A Difficult Question, But…

The USA and Switzerland became the first countries to initiate the legitimization of tokens. It is up to them that today we know the difference between security and utility tokens. Despite the fact that no law defines these concepts, each jurisdiction already has its own rules regarding security tokens’ issuance. Experts from consulting company have examined the American legislation and share their insights on SEC regulation, common pitfalls and secret paths. Platinum 2018 can be considered as the year when crypto industry matured. The US Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) started investigating crypto companies on the nature of their tokens. As a result, more and more companies started filing the SEC’s Form D to conduct an STO, considering this type of fundraising as a reliable and convenient substitution to traditional IPO and ICO. According to the SEC’s , a total of 40 and 18 related ventures with the words “crypto” and “blockchain” in their titles have filed notices with the SEC since 2014. In the crypto boom period (from July 2017 and especially in 2018) the tendency intensified: while in April 2017 only one company filed a notice, then a year later their number amounted to 36. The chart by clearly demonstrates the trend. EDGAR database crypto blockchain Elementus And now, when regulatory authorities became stricter towards new coins emission, the number of SEC filings only grows. Fundraising via STO is compliant with the US laws, thus it allows crypto companies to sell security tokens to big institutional players. It is something that startups were not able to do before. Hedera Hashgraph, the blockchain platform seeking to provide a new form of distributed consensus, is a perfect example of the potential this method of fundraising has. After filing the Reg D 506c with SEC, they reported about raising from over 900 different investors. $104,467,509 Because this type of offering is exempt from full SEC registration requirement. It issuers to broadly solicit and generally advertise an offering, provided that: Why Form D? permits All purchasers in the offering are accredited investors. The issuer takes reasonable steps to verify purchasers’ accredited investor status and certain other conditions in Regulation D are satisfied. According to the law, businesses do not have to file the Form D before STO. There are 15 days to do that after the first sale of securities in the offering takes place. However, the most revolutionary thing is that the security nature of tokens allows institutional investors to form part in the STO, it includes pension funds, ETFs, banks, insurance companies, pensions, hedge funds, REITs, investment advisors, endowments, and mutual funds. Review of SEC regulations and their pitfalls The SEC, being a federal government agency, is responsible for protecting investors, maintaining fair and orderly functioning of securities markets and facilitating capital formation. According to the Federal Securities Law, none company can issue or sell security tokens without the previous registration in the SEC, unless the offering falls under another exemption from registration. SEC has several documents regulating financial instruments, including tokens and securities.The most fundamental is the , under which not all offerings of securities must be registered with the SEC. The most common exemptions from the registration requirements include: Securities Act of 1933 Private offerings to a limited number of persons or institutions; Offerings of limited size; Intrastate offerings; Securities of municipal, state, and federal governments. Regulation D of the Securities Act Currently, Regulation D of three rules: Rule 504, Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c) — all of them allow a company to raise capital by accessing the private capital markets through an unregistered (“private”) offering, without having to pass through whole process of registration. is comprised According to the SEC , this path reduces an issuer’s regulatory obligations, thereby decreasing issuance costs and the time required to raise new capital. This particularly benefits smaller firms, for whom accessing public capital markets may generally be too costly. report Under Rule 506(b) , a company: Can raise an unlimited amount of money; May sell its securities to an unlimited number of “ ” and up to 35 other purchasers; accredited investors Cannot use general solicitation or advertising to market the securities; Must decide what information to give to accredited investors, so long as it does not violate the antifraud prohibitions of the federal securities laws; Must be available to answer questions by prospective purchasers. Under Rule 506(c) , a company: Can broadly solicit and generally advertise the offering only to accredited investors; Takes reasonable steps to verify that the investors are accredited investors, which could include reviewing documentation, such as W-2s, tax returns, bank and brokerage statements, credit reports and the like. an exemption from the registration requirements of the federal securities laws for some companies when they offer and sell up to $5,000,000 of their securities in any 12-month period. Investors in such offerings should be informed that they may not be able to sell the securities for at least a year unless the issuer registers the resale transaction with the Commission. Rule 504 of Regulation provides The following companies are not eligible to use the Rule 504 exemption: Companies that already are Exchange Act reporting companies; Investment companies; Companies that have no specific business plan or have indicated their business plan is to engage in a merger or acquisition with an unidentified company or companies; Companies that are disqualified under Rule 504’s “bad actor” disqualification provisions. It is important to keep in mind that each US state has its own securities act, known colloquially as the “blue sky law”, which regulates both the offer and sale of securities as well as the registration and reporting requirements for broker-dealers and individual stock brokers doing business (both directly and indirectly) in the state, as well as investment advisers seeking to offer their investment advisory services in the state. Regulation A of the Securities Act As the Securities Act there are two offering tiers: for offerings of up to $20 million in a 12-month period; and , for offerings of up to $50 million in a 12-month period. For offerings of up to $20 million, companies can elect to proceed under the requirements for either Tier 1 or Tier 2. states Tier 1, Tier 2 There are certain basic requirements applicable to both Tier 1 and Tier 2 offerings, including: Company eligibility requirements; Bad actor disqualification provisions; Disclosure, and other matters. Additional requirements apply to Tier 2 offerings, including: Limitations on the amount of money a non-accredited investor may invest in a Tier 2 offering; Requirements for audited financial statements and the filing of ongoing reports; Issuers in Tier 2 offerings are not required to register or qualify their offerings with state securities regulators. Regulation S of the Securities Act It is an additional mechanism that provides an SEC compliant way for US and non-US companies to raise capital outside the U.S. It is not necessary to have a company in the USA to use . Reg S When a foreign issuer is making an unregistered offshore Internet offer and does not plan to sell securities in the United States as part of the offering, it should implement the general measures outlined in to avoid targeting the United States. Assuming that the offering is made pursuant to Regulation S, the offering must comply with all of the applicable requirements under that regulation, including the requirement that all offers and sales be made in “offshore transactions.” Section III.B. Regulation S advantages are: U.S. issuers can sell securities offshore without regard to the sophistication or number of purchasers in the offering or the size of the offering. It does not contain specific information requirements. It permits issuers and distributors to advertise an offering offshore (consistent with the prohibition against directed selling efforts and the offshore transaction requirements) in a manner that would not be consistent with the prohibition against general solicitation in a private placement in the United States. It will continue to afford U.S. issuers a means to sell securities without the potential delay and “market overhang” caused by registering equity securities under the Securities Act. Purchasers will continue to have several sources of liquidity. It is possible that purchasers in Regulation S offerings could insist upon registration rights as do purchasers in private placements. Particularly in the case of reporting companies, a Regulation S offering coupled with on demand registration rights provides an issuer with ready access to foreign capital while according purchasers access to U.S. markets for liquidity. Regulation S disadvantages are: Purchasers of domestic equity securities sold pursuant to Regulation S may have to wait a longer period of time before they can publicly resell the securities into the United States. In addition, these purchasers will have to provide certification that they are not U.S. persons that may result in additional recordkeeping burdens on issuers and distributors who must maintain records of this compliance. There are different regulations that a company can choose to follow, however neither of them is perfect, as legal team admits. There are some pitfalls that must be weighed before coming to a final decision. Platinum

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Security tokens in the US: regulations and exemptions under the SEC laws

The Fanbase Design We wanted to create an app design for our new project, . To rapidly produce a design in one week, so we decided to try out the . This is how we went… Fanbase GV Design Sprint Fanbase is an application for bringing content control to musicians and rewarding their fans. It is a Decentralized App (dApp) developed to run on the blockchain. Lightstreams The Design Sprint is described as a shortcut to learning, the idea is that a team does not have to launch their product in order to test out their ideas. By using a Design Sprint to validate , we asked ourselves important questions, worked across teams to make sure we weren’t building biases into our product, and eventually tested the final design outcome. Fanbase The Design Sprint is a 5-day process. Monday We defined the goals of our 5-day process. We mapped a successful customer journey. We engaged experts and built our collective knowledge, redefining our map as we went. After all, without input from the industry on needs they see, and fan frustrations they know intimately, we cannot build the best experience for artists and fans. We also decided on a customer target and focused on that customer the rest of the week. The long-term goal of is to be a scalable, consumer-facing dApp that can spread virally — so it needs to be easy to use and attractive to fans, offering them a superior experience to the current centralized sites. It must also help artists reach out directly to fans. Fanbase Core Reasons for Building Fanbase When we began the sprint, we recognized that’s the core reason we’re building : we want to bring artists and fans closer together. There shouldn’t be the a-typical social media site in between them. Artists should be able to share content with fans directly and fans should be able to share their content, communicate with fellow fans, and be rewarded for their loyalty directly by artists. When launches, it will be an artist-based community, run like Reddit, where trolls are managed and users can interact based on tiers. They can also be rewarded for popular content they submit. Fanbase Fanbase Tuesday All our team members sketched out their solutions in four stages, from research to doodling, brainstorming rapid variations, and finally working out the details. Three teams put their heads together to devise creative solutions for their target users. Wednesday The entire team chose a winning design and everyone developed a storyboard showing the structure of the app journey and landing pages within . Fanbase Thursday We got to work! Our fourth day was dedicated to building a realistic prototype that could be used and tested by users. Friday We took our prototype to fans and interviewed them one-on-one for their reactions. This helped us capture ideas and move forward building the best user experience for fans and artists. We’re excited that our MVP will incorporate all of the learning from our successful Design Sprint! Conclusion We found undertaking the Design Sprint has helped us focus on a user experience that quickly satisfies the goals of the project and helps avoid wasting a whole lot of time building features that may be of no use. It also helped our team better collaborate, allowing all members input and quickly forming a design consensus. I hope this has been an informative post and if you would like to follow our progress with Fanbase, please subscribe to our . newsletter Michael SmolenskiCEO Lightstreams

The Google Design Sprint in Action

Product development starts with building a product roadmap, I was told. But what is the right way to do that? Here’s what I discovered about product roadmaps when building one. I just delivered a Roadmap. Product I was appointed Chief Product Officer at SIG last September and gathered a small Product team. Mostly first-timers at this game, including myself. Our mission: provide the functional of a new platform to propel our organisation into a new level of growth. design , I was told. “Start by building a Product Roadmap” Ok. Can do. But what does that mean exactly? What kind of stuff needs to go onto a roadmap, actually? How far into the future should it extend? How much detail should it provide? In what form should we cast the content? Spreadsheet? Commercial tool? Stuff it into JIRA? Looking for answers I went looking for answers. Asking some people. Searching online. An article. A how-to. A template. Is there a book, a guru, a methodology that I can grab onto? Any thing that can guide me towards the right outcome? I came up short, really. Lots of stuff out there, but all of it gave me broad options, unsubstantiated opinions, general principles, or formats that didn’t quite fit. The example roadmaps I found? I wasn’t able to translate them back to our situation. Just do it Still we managed. We went through a series of movements. Collect ideas, old and new. Do some prototyping, mock-ups. A Design Sprint workshop. Some t-shirt sizing. Talking with future users, developers, and (maybe-not-so) random smart folks. And we delivered. Our first roadmap draft was there about a month ago. We did a somewhat informal roadshow along stakeholders with the draft, gathering their feedback. The feedback led to some final adjustments and presto. Last week, we presented the Roadmap to all our colleagues in the organisation. Positive responses all around “We can see where this is going” and “It all makes sense now”. So? So now that the Roadmap has been delivered, I thought back to the early moments where it was entirely unclear to me what was expected when I was told “start with a roadmap”. And now I finally can see: why there is no one that can tell you the “right” way to build a roadmap, and what a roadmap really is. Here are my answers. What is a product roadmap, really? A roadmap is a . Your own confidence, and more importantly, the confidence of those around you. confidence-builder The word “roadmap” suggests that you can use it to find your way from where you are to your destination. Though not true, that surely is a comforting thought. And comfort is what we need when we are about to dedicate a couple years of effort to designing and building something that we have not made before, by collaborating with a heterogenous, and continuously changing set of people that each have a mind of their own. The roadmap creates the illusion of order. What to do first, second, and third. Once you have put one foot in front of the other, once you have set that group of people into motion in a certain direction — in any direction, really — the anxiety dissipates and everyone starts to focus on their own job and discover their own way of contributing to the whole. Why can no one tell me the “right” way to build a roadmap? Because your job is not to build a roadmap, really. Your job is to build and inspire confidence. How that is done best is almost entirely situational. Build your own confidence first. If you need to interview users to build confidence, you interview them. If you need a shiny visual to inspire confidence, make it shine. If you need to sketch, design, and prototype to gain confidence, that is what you do and keep doing until you’re done. When you are confident about what you need to build, then just choose any process, any format, any timeframe, and use them to channel your confidence. Stare down your detractors, set the team in motion, and off you are. Good luck! Joost Visser is Chief Product Officer at the Software Improvement Group. BTW: Here is some recommended roadmap reading: _Getting involved in a startup at the ground level can be exciting, fueled by coffee and adrenaline (and restless…_hackernoon.com 3 Prerequisite Questions To Make Smarter Product Roadmap Decisions _Building a product is complicated. There are many factors that drive the decision of what to build and when. You may…_hackernoon.com Build the Right Things — A 5 Step Plan to a Rock-Solid Product Roadmap _It is quite common in Agile deliveries for teams to fluctuate between creating no plans to very detailed plans. I found…_hackernoon.com A mechanism for building a roadmap _The top product roadmap challenges according to product leaders, and what you can do to overcome them._medium.com Dear Product Roadmap, I’m Breaking Up with You _Learn how to create a product roadmap, along with a detailed example. A must read for PMs in any org past the…_goberoi.com On Writing Product Roadmaps _GIST Planning provides a flexible framework for creating a product roadmap. ... HackerNoon.com. Developed during…_www.google.com hackernoon.com: product roadmap - Google Search

What’s a Product Roadmap good for, anyway?

The world of cryptocurrencies is big and wide. Many of us get confused on the way when trying to make sense of all the terms around. Well, if you are still a little bit lost when talking about tokens, Guarda is here to help you understand. Our main goal is for each and every one of you to stop demonising blockchain and get familiar with everything that lives and prospers on it! Let’s start with our handy guide on ERC721 tokens. What are the cryptocurrency tokens?Before with start with the details, let’s be clear with what tokens are. On the Ethereum blockchain, tokens are a part of a “contract”. Basically, a token in an entry to the said contract. A holder, in this case, gets recorded and officially takes part in the contract on Ethereum blockchain. Ok, but then what are there weird letters and numbers — ERC20, ERC721 and so on? These are standards — the set of numbers and letters signifies that the token you are looking at gives a response to the particular commands. Any ERC20 token behaves the same way as any other ERC20 token, they are structurally the same. Nothing special in these formulas, as you can see. What are ERC721 tokens? ERC721 type is a little bit more developed than ERC20. Each token of this kind is unique and they often are used as collectables. Did you collect toy cars of Pokemon cards as a kid? If you have, then you get what ERC721 tokens are. Some of you might have hard about the Ethereum-based game CryptoKitties. Basically, the players breed, sell and manage digital cats. The digital animals, for sure, are unique, allergy-free, cute and very collectable — this is the key to success. People love collecting different sorts of things. Also, collecting digital cats is much easier than the live ones, just saying. Uniqueness in the main feature of ERC721 tokens that makes them non-fungible (a.k.a one part cannot be replaced by another equal part). The fact that ERC721 are one-of-a-kind mean that the tokens can be used on any exchange, but the value of each token is defined with its rareness and characteristics. Some of the defining functions are a name, symbol, total supply, owner etc… Creating ERC721 tokens When you need to create an ERC20 token, all you need to know is the token supply (besides the name, of course). When it comes to ERC721, the story is more complicated — you actually need to create and design each token separately. Same story with adding to the supply: a new batch of ERC20 tokens gets made with adding to the total supply, while a new portion of ERC721 requires you to add each separate unit to the pack (by hand!). ERC20 vs. ERC721 Let’s put everything we have been talking about in this article in short terms. The main difference between these two types of cryptocurrency tokens is fungibility. ERC20 are the money-type tokens. All the tokens are equal and interchangeable. Imagine the real-world money. 1 UK pound is equal to another 1 UK pound, right? ERC721 are the asset type. Each token is unique and has distinct characteristics. There is a black Crypto Kitty and a white Crypto Kitty. They are different. ERC721 use cases The main purpose of the tokens is being a part of somebody’s collection. Some projects, however, break away from this idea and start using ERC721 as a way to represent real-world assets. WePower (a platform supporting renewable energy production), for instance, uses tokens to act as a certain amount of electricity. Crypto Kitties, that were mentioned previously, became the first ERC721 application on such a massive scale. Afterwards, even crypto puppies and other crypto pets were created. As you can see, the majority of use cases are still somehow connected to unique collectable items and their utilisation. ERC721 on Guarda Guarda, a company focusing on lightweight cryptocurrency wallets and other blockchain-related products, welcomed tokens to its life earlier this year. First of all, the Token Generator was released. The Generator is the tool to help users easily make ERC20 tokens. ERC20 is sure great to help your business and reward the customers, but what about all the fun? It’s Christmas time, after all!Now, you can make your own winterish collection — get your unique ERC721 tokens with Guarda and unlock some special features in the new Guarda products! All you need to do to participate in the airdrop is retweet a from our Twitter page, answer some simple questions on the Google and get your tokens (exactly guys, it’s free — it’s a Christmas present for all of you). post form

HackerNoon Tech Stories Archive December 22nd, 2018

@bertcmillerRobert Miller

@hosseebHaseeb Qureshi

@percy.jaiswalPercy Jaiswal

@OpenSchoolZOpen School Solutions

@luanotesLuan Nguyen

@hackernoon-archivesHelen Anderson

@asheesh.jain12345Andy J

@vertcoinman1Thatmanontheright

@mayankpratapebMayank Pratap

@filip.poutintsevFilip Poutintsev

@abhikulshrestha1Abhi Kulshrestha

@pmurali1000Padmanabhan Murali

@AmanilaAman Ali

@rektcapitalRekt Capital

@erikpmvermeulenErik P.M. Vermeulen

@hellyellieAlena Kalionava

@mikesmolenskiMichael Smolenski

@jstvssrJoost Visser

@guardaGuarda Wallet

@CodyEngelCody Engel

@bertcmiller
Robert Miller

@hosseeb
Haseeb Qureshi

@percy.jaiswal
Percy Jaiswal

@OpenSchoolZ
Open School Solutions

@luanotes
Luan Nguyen

@hackernoon-archives
Helen Anderson

@asheesh.jain12345
Andy J

@vertcoinman1
Thatmanontheright

@mayankpratapeb
Mayank Pratap

@filip.poutintsev
Filip Poutintsev

@abhikulshrestha1
Abhi Kulshrestha

@pmurali1000
Padmanabhan Murali

@Amanila
Aman Ali

@rektcapital
Rekt Capital

@erikpmvermeulen
Erik P.M. Vermeulen

@hellyellie
Alena Kalionava

@mikesmolenski
Michael Smolenski

@jstvssr
Joost Visser

@guarda
Guarda Wallet

@CodyEngel
Cody Engel