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Decision Science aims to prescribe a principled framework for Decision making based on the different types of decision-making approaches discussed above. Realists compute the expected value under each action and then pick the action with the largest expected value. Pessimists (Maximin) choose the worst that could happen with the best payoff. Opportunist (Minimax) decision making is based on opportunistic loss. Decision Science is uniquely concerned with research producing new knowledge of new fields. Data-Driven Decision Making with Decision Science.