Too Long; Didn't Read
Suppose you’d like to classify individual documents at multiple levels of specificity. In addition, you’d also like to know whether a document contains multiple topics and with what confidence. For example, as I write this Google News is displaying an article titled <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/baldwin/2018/01/29/income-stocks-with-a-trump-tax-bonus/#1582081a4a3d" target="_blank"><em>Income Stocks With A Trump Tax Bonus</em></a>. We may want to capture the main topics contained in the article along with an associated measure of our confidence that those topics are contained in the article. Such a classification might look something like the following