Usyncro

The .Net provides a powerful tool called the “Interlocked” class for all atomic operations through which developers can reduce contention and improve the performance of the application. Introduction In multi-threaded application scenarios, using traditional locking techniques can sometimes cause performance bottlenecks for atomic operations. The .Net provides a powerful tool called the “Interlocked” class for all atomic operations through which developers can reduce contention and improve the performance of the application. Learning Objectives Problem with locks Using Interlocked classes Prerequisites for Developers Basic understanding of C# programming language 30 Day .Net Challenge Getting Started Understanding the Problem With Locks Traditionally, to ensure thread safety when multiple threads access a shared resource, developers use locks. Locking prevents multiple threads from entering a critical section of code simultaneously, thus, ensuring that only one thread at a time can modify the shared resource. private int _counter;
    private readonly object _syncRoot = new object();
    
    public void IncrementCounter()
    {
        lock (_syncRoot)
        {
            _counter++;
        }
    } The aforementioned approach introduces a risk of potential performance issue called contention wherein when multiple threads try to access the lock simultaneously, they are put on hold except for the one that successfully gets the lock. The Interlocked Class: A Better Way The .NET framework offers the Interlocked class as a part of the System.Threading namespace, designed to perform atomic operations efficiently. Atomic operations are indivisible; they complete entirely without interruption. private int _counter;
    
    public void IncrementCounter()
    {
        Interlocked.Increment(ref _counter);
    } As the Interlocked class does not require locks, it solves the issue of contention as mentioned in the traditional approach. Complete Example Add a new class name IncrementClass, and add the following code snippet public static class IncrementClass
    {
        private static int _counter = 0;
    
        /// <summary>
        /// Outputs
        /// Counter value: 10
        /// </summary>
        public static void TestIncrementCounter()
        {
            // Create an array to hold the tasks
            Task[] tasks = new Task[10];
    
            // Initialize and start tasks
            for (int i = 0; i < tasks.Length; i++)
            {
                tasks[i] = Task.Run(() => IncrementCounter());
            }
    
            // Wait for all tasks to complete
            Task.WaitAll(tasks);
    
            Console.WriteLine($"Counter value: {_counter}");
        }
    
        public static void IncrementCounter()
        {
            // Safely increment the counter across multiple threads
            Interlocked.Increment(ref _counter);
        }
    } Call from the main method as follows: #region Day 17: Increment Class
    
    IncrementClass.TestIncrementCounter();
    
    #endregion Console output: Counter value: 10 Complete Code on GitHub GitHub — ssukhpinder/30DayChallenge.Net C# Programming🚀 Thank you for being a part of the C# community! Before you leave: Follow us: | | | Visit our other platforms: Youtube X LinkedIn Dev.to GitHub

30-Day .NET Challenge - Day 17: What Is the Interlocked Class Tool?

30-দিন .NET চ্যালেঞ্জ - দিন 17: ইন্টারলকড ক্লাস টুল কি?

30-Tage-.NET-Challenge – Tag 17: Was ist das Interlocked Class Tool?

Desafío .NET de 30 días - Día 17: ¿Qué es la herramienta de clase entrelazada?

Défi .NET de 30 jours - Jour 17 : Qu'est-ce que l'outil de classe verrouillée ?

30-दिवसीय .NET चैलेंज - दिन 17: इंटरलॉक्ड क्लास टूल क्या है?

30 日間の .NET チャレンジ - 17 日目: インターロック クラス ツールとは何ですか?

30일 .NET 챌린지 - 17일차: 연동 수업 도구란 무엇입니까?

Desafio .NET de 30 dias - Dia 17: O que é a ferramenta Interlocked Class?

30-дневное испытание .NET. День 17. Что такое инструмент взаимосвязанных классов?

30 Günlük .NET Yarışması - 17. Gün: Kilitli Sınıf Aracı Nedir?

Thử thách .NET 30 ngày - Ngày 17: Công cụ lớp lồng vào nhau là gì?

30 天 .NET 挑战 - 第 17 天：什么是互锁类工具？

Introduction In this article, an application will be created using the latest version of and hosted on the static website service using the continuous integration tool to deploy the application stored on the repository. Angular GitHub Pages Travis CI GitHub Prerequisites Before you start, you need to install and configure the tools below to create the Angular application. : Git is a distributed version control system and it will be used to sync the repository. git : Node.js is a JavaScript code runtime software based on Google's V8 engine. npm is a package manager for Node.js (Node.js Package Manager). They will be used to build and run the Angular application and install the libraries. Node.js and npm : Angular CLI is a command line utility tool for Angular and it will be used to create the base structure of the Angular application. Angular CLI IDE (e.g. or ): IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a tool with a graphical interface to help in the development of applications and it will be used to develop the Angular application. Visual Studio Code WebStorm Getting started Create and configure the account on the GitHub is a source code and file storage service with version control using git tool. is a static file hosting service using a public repository. GitHub GitHub Pages Let's create the account. Access the site and click on the button . 1. https://github.com/ Sign up Fill in the fields , , , click on the button to solve the challenge and click on the button . 2. Username Email address Password Verify Create account Let's generate the token that will be used in Travis CI. Click on the menu with the avatar and click on the menu . 3. Settings Click on the menu . 4. Developer settings Click on the menu . 5. Personal access tokens Click on the button . 6. Generate new token Fill in the field , select the option and click on the button . 7. Note repo Create token Copy the generated token and, in my case, the token was generated because this token will be configured in Travis CI. 8. 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 Let's create the repository. Click on the menu with the avatar and click on the menu . 9. Your repositories Click on the button . 10. New Fill in the field and click on the button . 11. Repository name Create repository Ready! Account created, token generated and repository created. 12. https://github.com/rodrigokamada/angular-travisci Create and configure the account on the Travis CI is a deployment service integrated with GitHub. Travis CI Let's create the account. Access the site and click on the button . 1. https://travis-ci.com/ Sign up Click on the button to sign in with GitHub account. 2. SIGN IN WITH GITHUB If Travis CI requests permission to list the GitHub repositories, accept the request. Click on the repository link . 3. angular-travisci Let's set up the GitHub access token. Click on the menu and click on the menu . 4. More options Settings Fill in the fields with the value , with the value of your token generated on GitHub and click on the button . 5. NAME GITHUB_TOKEN VALUE Add Ready! Account created and repository configured. 6. Create the Angular application is a development platform for building WEB, mobile and desktop applications using HTML, CSS and TypeScript (JavaScript). Currently, Angular is at version 15 and Google is the main maintainer of the project. Angular Let's create the application with the Angular base structure using the with the route file and the SCSS style format. 1. @angular/cli ? Would you like to add Angular routing? Yes
? Which stylesheet format would you like to use? SCSS   [ https://sass-lang.com/documentation/syntax#scss                ]
CREATE angular-travisci/README.md (1061 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/.editorconfig (274 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/.gitignore (604 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/angular.json (3267 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/package.json (1078 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/tsconfig.json (783 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/.browserslistrc (703 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/karma.conf.js (1433 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/tsconfig.app.json (287 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/tsconfig.spec.json (333 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/favicon.ico (948 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/index.html (301 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/main.ts (372 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/polyfills.ts (2820 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/styles.scss (80 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/test.ts (743 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/assets/.gitkeep (0 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/environments/environment.prod.ts (51 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/environments/environment.ts (658 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/app/app-routing.module.ts (245 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/app/app.module.ts (393 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/app/app.component.scss (0 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/app/app.component.html (23809 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/app/app.component.spec.ts (1087 bytes)
CREATE angular-travisci/src/app/app.component.ts (221 bytes)
✔ Packages installed successfully. ng new angular-travisci Create the file. 2. .travis.yml touch .travis.yml Configure the file with the content below. 3. .travis.yml notifications: email: recipients: - rodrigo@kamada.com.br language: node_js node_js: - 18 before_script: - npm install script: - npm run test:headless before_deploy: - npm run build:prod deploy: provider: pages skip_cleanup: true github_token: $GITHUB_TOKEN local_dir: dist/angular-travisci on: branch: main Change the file and add the scripts below. Replace the value with your GitHub username. 4. package.json rodrigokamada "build:prod" : "ng build --prod --base-href https://rodrigokamada.github.io/angular-travisci/" , "test:headless" : "ng test --watch=false --browsers=ChromeHeadless" Change the file and remove the tests and . 5. src/app/app.component.spec.ts should have as title 'angular-travisci' should render title Run the test with the command below. 6. > ng test --watch=false --browsers=ChromeHeadless

⠋ Generating browser application bundles (phase: setup)...Compiling @angular/core/testing : es2015 as esm2015
Compiling @angular/compiler/testing : es2015 as esm2015
Compiling @angular/platform-browser/testing : es2015 as esm2015 Compiling @angular/platform-browser-dynamic/testing : es2015 as esm2015
Compiling @angular/router/testing : es2015 as esm2015 ✔ Browser application bundle generation complete. npm run test:headless > angular-travisci@ 1.0 . 0 test:headless Compiling @angular/ common /testing : es2015 as esm2015 ⠸ Generating browser application bundles (phase: building)... 05 09 2021 19 : 40 : 04.329 :INFO [karma-server]: Karma v6. 3.4 server started at http://localhost: 9876 / 05 09 2021 19 : 40 : 04.331 :INFO [launcher]: Launching browsers ChromeHeadless with concurrency unlimited 05 09 2021 19 : 40 : 04.369 :INFO [launcher]: Starting browser ChromeHeadless 05 09 2021 19 : 40 : 09.704 :INFO [Chrome Headless 92.0 . 4515.159 (Linux x86_64)]: Connected on socket NUtJhjavb1JvssqOAAAB with id 25989029 Chrome Headless 92.0 . 4515.159 (Linux x86_64): Executed 1 of 1 SUCCESS ( 0.068 secs / 0.042 secs) TOTAL: 1 SUCCESS Run the application with the command below. Access the URL and check if the application is working. 7. http://localhost:4200/ npm start > angular -travisci@ 1 . 0 . 0 start > ng serve ✔ Browser application bundle generation complete. Initial Chunk Files | Names         |      Size vendor .js           | vendor        | 2 . 39 MB polyfills .js        | polyfills     | 128 . 51 kB main .js             | main          | 8 . 89 kB runtime .js          | runtime       | 6 . 63 kB styles .css          | styles        | 1 . 18 kB | Initial Total | 2 . 53 MB Build at: 2021 - 09 - 05 T 22 : 35 : 38 . 010 Z - Hash: a 4 cfc 9149589386 eca 5 b - Time: 39997 ms ** Angular Live Development Server is listening on localhost: 4200 , open your browser on http://localhost: 4200 / ** ✔ Compiled successfully. Build the application with the command below. 8. ✔ Browser application bundle generation complete.
✔ Copying assets complete.
✔ Index html generation complete.

Initial Chunk Files           | Names         |      Size npm run build:prod > angular -travisci @ 1.0 . 0 build:prod > ng build - -configuration production - -base -href https://rodrigokamada.github.io/angular -travisci / main.c678fa8750e7c769.js      | main          | 177.63 kB polyfills. 6 d7801353e02e327.js | polyfills     | 36.21 kB runtime.b136bda8a38c4f2e.js   | runtime       | 1.06 kB styles.ef46db3751d8e999.css   | styles        | 0 bytes | Initial Total | 214.90 kB Build at: 2021 -09 -05T22 : 42 : 19.525 Z - Hash: 83 bfffc079b083727ca4 - Time: 26030 ms Syncronize the application on the GitHub repository that was created. 9. Ready! After synchronizing the application on the GitHub repository, Travis CI build the application and synchronize on the branch . Access the URL and check if the application is working. Replace the value with your GitHub username. 10. gh-pages https://rodrigokamada.github.io/angular-travisci/ rodrigokamada The application repository is available at . https://github.com/rodrigokamada/angular-travisci Conclusion Summarizing what was covered in this article: We created an account on GitHub. We created an access token on GitHub. We created a repository on GitHub. We created an account on Travis CI. We configured the GitHub access token on Travis CI. We create an Angular application. You can use this article to create your personal website and have an online portfolio. Thank you for reading and I hope you enjoyed the article! This tutorial was posted on my in portuguese. blog To stay updated whenever I post new articles, follow me on . Twitter

Hosting an Angular application on GitHub Pages using Travis CI

is a development platform for building WEB, mobile and desktop applications using HTML, CSS and TypeScript (JavaScript). Currently, Angular is at version 14 and Google is the main maintainer of the project. Angular is a source code and file storage service with version control using git tool. is a service to automate the software workflow. GitHub GitHub Actions is an object storage service offering scalability, data availability, security and performance. Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) Prerequisites Before you start, you need to install and configure the tools: git Node.js and npm Angular CLI IDE (e.g. ) Visual Studio Code Create and configure the account on the Amazon S3 Let's create and configure the account. Access the site and click on the button . 1. https://aws.amazon.com/s3/ Get Started with Amazon S3 Click on the option , fill in the field and click on the button . 2. Root user Root user email address Next Note: If you don't have an Amazon account, do steps 1 to 9 of the post in the session . Authentication using the Amazon Cognito to an Angular application Create and configure the account on the Amazon Cognito Fill in the field and click on the button . 3. Security check Submit Fill in the field and click on the button . 4. Password Sign in Click on the button . 5. Create bucket Fill in the field , click on the option to uncheck this option, and click on the button . 6. Bucket name Block all public access I acknowledge that the current settings might result in this bucket and the objects within becoming public. Create bucket Click on the link with the bucket name. 7. angular-github-actions-amazon-s3 Click on the link . 8. Properties Click on the button . 9. Edit Click on the options , , fill in the fields , and click on the button . 10. Enable Host a static website Index document Error document - optional Save changes Copy the URL and the region displayed, in my case, the URL and the region were displayed because the URL will used to access the Angular application and the region will used in the GitHub Actions file setting and click on the link . 11. http://angular-github-actions-amazon-s3.s3-website-sa-east-1.amazonaws.com sa-east-1 Permissions Click on the button . 12. Edit Fill in the fields with the content below and click on the button . 13. Policy Save changes {
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Sid": "PublicRead",
      "Principal": "*",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:GetObject"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:s3:::angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/*"
      ]
    }
  ]
} Ready! Account created and configured and bucket created and configured. 14. Click on the menu , and . 15. Services Security, Identity & Compliance IAM Click on the link . 16. Users Click on the button . 17. Add users Fill in the field , click on the option and click on the button . 18. User name Access key - Programmatic access Next: Permissions Click on the options , and click on the button . 19. Attach existing policies directly AmazonS3FullAccess Next: Tags Click on the button . 20. Next: Review Click on the button . 21. Create user Copy the displayed, in my case, the was displayed, click on the link , copy the displayed because the and will be configured in the GitHub repository and click on the button . 22. Access key ID Access key ID AKIAUAM34QRRRQ5AZD2A Show Secret Access key Access key ID Secret Access key Close Ready! Access keys created. 23. Create the account and the repository on the GitHub Let's create the account and the repository. Do steps 1 to 6 of the post in the session . 1. Hosting an Angular application on GitHub Pages using GitHub Actions Create and configure the account on the GitHub Click on the menu . 2. Settings Click on the side menu . 3. Secrets Click on the button . 4. New repository secret Fill in the fields , and click on the button to configure the key with the . 5. Name Value Add secret Access key ID Click on the button . 6. New repository secret Fill in the fields , and click on the button to configure the key with the . 7. Name Value Add secret Secret Access key Ready! Access keys configured. 8. Create the Angular application Let's create the application with the Angular base structure using the with the route file and the SCSS style format. 1. @angular/cli ng new angular-github-actions-amazon-s3 --routing true --style scss
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/README.md (1074 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/.editorconfig (274 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/.gitignore (548 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/angular.json (3363 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/package.json (1096 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/tsconfig.json (863 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/.browserslistrc (600 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/karma.conf.js (1449 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/tsconfig.app.json (287 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/tsconfig.spec.json (333 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/.vscode/extensions.json (130 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/.vscode/launch.json (474 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/.vscode/tasks.json (938 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/favicon.ico (948 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/index.html (314 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/main.ts (372 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/polyfills.ts (2338 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/styles.scss (80 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/test.ts (745 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/assets/.gitkeep (0 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/environments/environment.prod.ts (51 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/environments/environment.ts (658 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/app/app-routing.module.ts (245 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/app/app.module.ts (393 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/app/app.component.scss (0 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/app/app.component.html (23364 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/app/app.component.spec.ts (1151 bytes)
CREATE angular-github-actions-amazon-s3/src/app/app.component.ts (237 bytes)
✔ Packages installed successfully.
    Successfully initialized git. Change the file and add the scripts below. 2. package.json "build:prod": "ng build --configuration production",
  "test:headless": "ng test --watch=false --browsers=ChromeHeadless" Run the test with the command below. 3. npm run test:headless

> angular-github-actions-amazon-s3@1.0.0 test:headless
> ng test --watch=false --browsers=ChromeHeadless

⠙ Generating browser application bundles (phase: setup)...22 01 2022 22:11:29.773:INFO [karma-server]: Karma v6.3.11 server started at http://localhost:9876/
22 01 2022 22:11:29.774:INFO [launcher]: Launching browsers ChromeHeadless with concurrency unlimited
22 01 2022 22:11:29.781:INFO [launcher]: Starting browser ChromeHeadless
✔ Browser application bundle generation complete.
22 01 2022 22:11:37.472:INFO [Chrome Headless 97.0.4692.71 (Linux x86_64)]: Connected on socket 2NkcZwzLS5MNuDnMAAAB with id 98670702
Chrome Headless 97.0.4692.71 (Linux x86_64): Executed 3 of 3 SUCCESS (0.117 secs / 0.1 secs)
TOTAL: 3 SUCCESS Run the application with the command below. Access the URL and check if the application is working. 4. http://localhost:4200/ npm start

> angular-github-actions-amazon-s3@1.0.0 start
> ng serve

✔ Browser application bundle generation complete.

Initial Chunk Files   | Names         |  Raw Size
vendor.js             | vendor        |   2.00 MB | 
polyfills.js          | polyfills     | 339.24 kB | 
styles.css, styles.js | styles        | 213.01 kB | 
main.js               | main          |  53.27 kB | 
runtime.js            | runtime       |   6.90 kB | 

                      | Initial Total |   2.60 MB

Build at: 2022-01-23T01:13:06.355Z - Hash: e7a502736b12e783 - Time: 6256ms

** Angular Live Development Server is listening on localhost:4200, open your browser on http://localhost:4200/ **


✔ Compiled successfully. Build the application with the command below. 5. npm run build:prod

> angular-github-actions-amazon-s3@1.0.0 build:prod
> ng build --configuration production

✔ Browser application bundle generation complete.
✔ Copying assets complete.
✔ Index html generation complete.

Initial Chunk Files           | Names         |  Raw Size | Estimated Transfer Size
main.464c3a39ed8b2eb2.js      | main          | 206.10 kB |                56.11 kB
polyfills.f007c874370f7293.js | polyfills     |  36.27 kB |                11.56 kB
runtime.8db60f242f6b0a2b.js   | runtime       |   1.09 kB |               603 bytes
styles.ef46db3751d8e999.css   | styles        |   0 bytes |                       -

                              | Initial Total | 243.46 kB |                68.25 kB

Build at: 2022-01-23T01:14:01.354Z - Hash: cab5f3f1681e58fd - Time: 11304ms Let's create and configure the file with the GitHub Actions flow. Create the file. 6. .github/workflows/gh-pages.yml mkdir -p .github/workflows
touch .github/workflows/gh-pages.yml Configure the file with the content below. 7. .github/workflows/gh-pages.yml name: GitHub Pages

on:
  push:
    branches:
    - main

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - name: Configure AWS Credentials
      uses: aws-actions/configure-aws-credentials@v1
      with:
        aws-access-key-id: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
        aws-secret-access-key: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
        aws-region: sa-east-1

    - name: Checkout
      uses: actions/checkout@v2

    - name: Setup Node.js
      uses: actions/setup-node@v2
      with:
        node-version: 16

    - name: Install dependencies
      run: npm install

    - name: Run tests
      run: npm run test:headless

    - name: Build
      run: npm run build:prod

    - name: Deploy
      if: success()
      run: aws s3 sync ./dist/angular-github-actions-amazon-s3 s3://angular-github-actions-amazon-s3 Notes: The and settings were done in the GitHub repository. aws-access-key-id aws-secret-access-key The setting is the bucket region. aws-region The setting is the application build folder. ./dist/angular-github-actions-amazon-s3 The setting is the bucket name. s3://angular-github-actions-amazon-s3 Syncronize the application on the GitHub repository that was created. 8. Ready! After synchronizing the application on the GitHub repository, the GitHub Actions build the application and synchronize with Amazon S3 bucket. Access the URL and check if the application is working. Replace the URL values with your bucket name and region. 9. http://angular-github-actions-amazon-s3.s3-website-sa-east-1.amazonaws.com/ Validate the run of the GitHub Actions flow Let's validate the run of the GitHub Actions flow. Access the repository created and click on the link . 1. https://github.com/rodrigokamada/angular-github-actions-amazon-s3 Actions Click on the flow runned. 2. Click on the job . 3. deploy Click on each step to validate the run. 4. Ready! We validate the run of the GitHub Actions flow. 5. The application repository is available at . https://github.com/rodrigokamada/angular-github-actions-amazon-s3 This tutorial was posted on my in portuguese. blog

Hosting an Angular Application on Amazon S3 Using Github Actions

This Slack discussion by , , , , and I occurred in Hacker Noon's official channel, and has been edited for readability. richard-kubina Dane Linh Arthur #slogging-beta The lead image is via Aron Visuals on Unsplash. Limarc Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM Is daylight savings time stupid? Explain it like I’m 5 . A system designed to be local and approximate is now obsolete. What we really need today is a system designed around precision and consistency. 5pm in China should be 5pm in Colorado. One potential way to break the expectation that noon is day and midnight is night could be to move to something that more closely resembles a 24hr clock than a 12hr clock. Dane Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM I think I'm in the minority here but not only do I think daylight savings time is stupid, timezones are also stupid. In the distant past, it was very useful to have the expectation that it's dark at midnight and sunny at noon. This allowed people to communicate and coordinate using no technology and rough approximations. Meet me at the salon at noon tomorrow Dane Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM There could be interesting side effects of creating a globally shared time. richard-kubina Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM break the expectation that noon is day Dane Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM BTW, I'm not a parent and I have no idea how to talk to a 5 year old. I usually talk to them like they are mini adults to varying degrees of success. 😉 Dane Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM richard-kubina I think we should throw away the idea that 12pm should be the time the sun is at it's highest position. That convention is no longer useful. Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM The notion that everybody works the same "8 hours"  means that there would be people around the world who have to tolerate sleeping in the daylight and working in the dark year round. You have to take into consideration that we have a biological clock that also evolved to want to be awake in the day in a sleep at night. There is a small percentage of people who live in places like Iceland where they have to tolerate months of dark and months of day. but that is a very small percentage of the world population. The original question was about daylight savings time. It used to highly annoy me that we switched our clocks but I've come to the conclusion of, who cares. I actually like the daylight saving times hours as they align to the daylight. so if I had to choose one I would choose the daylight saving time configuration over the configuration we just slipped into again this weekend. But I realized it's just a strange thing to be so upset about. It takes me literally 10 seconds to change my clocks when we switch our time. I will agree that the reason for it is obsolete. It used to be to allow farmers more daylight time in the summer. So I agree it's not necessary. If we were to get rid of it it really wouldn't be a big deal. I just also came to the realization that it's kind of not a big deal that we still engage in it. It does optimize the daylight hours for the morning during the winter and optimize the daylight hours in the evening for the summer which can be pleasant. I don't know why we make such a big deal about it. richard-kubina Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM agreed, i'd still refer to "the time the sun is at it's highest position" as noon though Arthur Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM I'm pretty used to sync my brain with Colorado time. But I'm very bad with scheduling meetings. This is why startups like Calendly is growing. Dane Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM I think it's a bad thing that the global economy tends to sync with the US economy. With a global clock, we could break the expectation of working only during a narrow window each day that introduces huge inconveniences for most of the world. A more flexible work day benefits everyone. Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM Dane a flexible work clock would definitely be a good thing. I think that's already happening to a degree anyway. A lot of people do work "odd"  hours as part of their work week. If we could continue encouraging the idea that the point of the work week is getting your work done..  not the hours you work... I think that would be a net positive. The one thing that's important those people need to be able to talk sometimes via zoom or chat or whatever so there has to be some core hours where we can get ahold of each other. My concern is just locking in the 8-hour day around the 24-hours in the world... because you are then basically relegating certain people in certain countries to live at night time and sleep in the day and people are not going to go for that. Dane Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM I'm absolutely not suggesting everyone syncs with the US daytime. Companies should embrace more async communication so people are more free to choose their hours. Zoom meetings are tricky but I think we could figure out better ways to have syncronous meetings that aren't disruptive to personal schedules. I think a big part of that is pushing all discussion that can be async to async channels. Then having very short face-to-face meetings throughout the day. richard-kubina Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM I suppose there is nothing stopping us from just ignoring time zones and saying "UTC" at the end of every time of day mentioned or scheduled, ey Dane? richard-kubina Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM I'll be sure to bring it up at the next 'all hands' 😉 Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM Dane for sure it makes sense. I think we can leave it up to individuals to book meeting times that work for them, and maybe for larger meeting settings there could be some agreed upon hours that we know we can book those kinds of meetings--  and be done with it. Covid-19 has allowed for a lot more flexibility to evolve naturally so I'm hoping that is one good outcome out of this frustrating and sad time we are living in! Dane Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM richard-kubina I'm all for going UTC if the team is up for it! Dane Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM A more flexible 24hr schedule would be a good way to fight COVID-19. Just imagine if fewer people assemble for lunch at a certain time of day. Spreading out schedules would result in fewer human clusters. richard-kubina Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM It would also be nice to get rid of rush hour, it's another curve that could use some flattening.  I wonder what the impact on emissions would be, to have less cars piled up, going nowhere for hours. richard-kubina Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM So how'd we do explaining it like you were five Limarc? 😆 I am a parent of 8 and 4 year olds and I think I also tend to just speak plainly and figure they will just ask more questions and grow into it. Anywho, I do feel like changing the clocks twice a year is needlessly complicated.  It definitely leads to software bugs in my experience! Some states/territories  here in the USA, like Arizona and Hawaii already don't bother with it. Maybe a compromise of meeting in the middle, a half hour off of where we are now and leaving it be would be one solution worth considering. Linh Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM i can’t explain it to you like you’re 5 since i do not understand it. never have. never will. richard-kubina Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM one other comment: it is actually 'daylight saving time' 🤓 Limarc Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM Hey you definitely didn’t explain it like I’m 5, but I learned a lot and I assume Hacker Noon’s audience is not primarily 5-year-olds 😄 Arthur Nov 3, 2020, 6:06 PM Having one timezone will destroy a lot of PHP code

Is Daylight Savings Time Stupid? - Explain it Like I’m 5

78 Experts Share Their Remote Working Tips

In this post we look at how to recreate Spotify Playlists using the popular data query and manipulation language for APIs GraphQL and React Native Originally published at www.jamiemaison.com . In 2015 Facebook released their internally built data query and manipulation language for APIs GraphQL and it has since risen to the forefront of our minds, in part due to the such as Twitter, Paypal and the New York Times. In fact, the listed GraphQL second only to Redux as the world’s favourite Data Layer technology. adoption by big names State of JavaScript 2018 With that in mind, it’s useful to understand where GraphQL strengths and weaknesses lie. In this tutorial i’m going to guide you through creating a screen that hopefully a lot of you are familar with; the Spotify Playlist. With any luck you’ll get a better understanding of how GraphQL can benefit your applications and drive you to explore the technology in more detail. Creating the View As with any (good) application we’re going to need to piece together a great looking frontend experience to display our data in a way that appeals to our users, Spotify is no different. To get us going we’re going to use React Native to build our mobile application, running Expo to make development on our devices easier. We’ll get to the GraphQL part later on in this tutorial, once we have our application up and running. First off we’ll install Expo and get our React Native template created. To install Expo simply run: npm install -g expo-cli Now to set up the folder structure and all the necessary files needed you run: expo init spotify-playlist When asked to ‘Choose a template’ select ‘ ’ blank When prompted to “enter a few initial configuration values” change the application name to ‘ ’ Spotify Playlist After the inital setup has completed you can start up your application by navigating to your newly created folder and running: npm start If you’re new to Expo it’s easy to get started. After running you'll be presented with all the instructions on how to test your application with your device/simulator. To test on your device it's as simple as scanning the QR code using the Expo iOS/Android App. npm start Once running you should see the default screen saying “Open up App.js to start working on your app!” Let’s start by creating the basic container for the application. The Spotify Playlist screen consists of two main elements, a header with a gradient background and a list of all the playlist items. To recreate these two elements open up your and replace it with the following: App.js Here we’re creating the two elements; a component from Expo and a from React Native itself. We've added some basic styling and hardcoded the height values just for the time being (we'll change this height to once we've got some data in). <LinearGradient /> <FlatList /> auto Save your file, Expo should hot reload your application which should now look something like this: LinearGradient & FlatList View We’re now ready to start inserting some placeholder data into our application to start getting the header elements styling correct. For this we’ll need two fonts and which you can download and . Add the fonts to the folder in your project and we're ready to start putting the header components together. gibson-regular gibson-bold here here /assets Because we are using external fonts we’ll need to load them asyncronously before rendering our components otherwise the fonts won’t yet exist and the application will error. Luckily Expo gives us a nice way of doing this. Add the following to : App.js See how we load the font async in componentDidMount and then not render the relevant components until ? You may also notice that our playlist items are not children of the component we created earlier. This is because if you look at the Spotify app the playlist items move independently to the top gradient. This parallax effect is one of those subtle things that make some apps look so appealing. this.state.fontLoaded = true <LinearGradient /> Save your , you should now have something that looks like this. App.js Basic Header Placeholders Recreating the Playlist Now for the all important part of any playlist, the songs themselves! We’ll achieve this by using a React Native . Again, we'll just add some mock data for the time being until we set up GraphQL. Modify your to the following: <FlatList /> App.js In this code snippet we are iterating over our data and creating a simple view with a couple of Text components for each piece of data. If you load up the real Spotify app now you’ll see that upon scrolling the view there’s a little trickery that goes on to hide the playlist text as your thumb moves up the screen as well as gently fading out the album art. There’s a few ways to achieve this effect but i’ll show you one way that uses a combination of CSS & JS which hopefully is simple. Again, open up your and we'll make a few modifications so that it now looks like this: App.js Great! We should now have a fully functioning app that behaves just like the playlist section in the Spotify app. A few things to note about the above code: Upon scroll of the view we save the in state to be read by each of our components. currentScrollPos We then use React to hide the various text components when is more than a certain value - . currentScrollPos { this.state.currentScrollPos < 53 ? <Text> : null } To make things seem a little less like voodoo and more readable we seperate some of the calculations into seperate functions: , & . calculatePlaylistHeight calculateButtonPos calculateArtSize Playlist View with Placeholders Now that we’ve got the app looking and behaving how we want it’s now time to start introducing GraphQL to the equation to handle the data! Data Insertion using GraphQL Before we get into the how let’s understand the what and why. GraphQL is sold as “front end queries made easy”. At its very core, GraphQL is a typed query language that gives developers an easier way to describe and ultimately obtain the data they need. For the purposes of this tutorial we need some sort of server running where the actual data is going to be stored. This is easily enough done using however you're not here to start writing server code! So just like magic, i've created a Apollo Server playground on codesandbox.io that we can use for the purposes of this example. If you're interested in the code you can view it however if you just want to skip ahead all you need to do is open your favourite browser and navigate to - launching this will start the server at that address so be sure to leave it open in the background for the duration of your development! apollo-server here https://rqvj0qw34.sse.codesandbox.io/ Now, back to our Spotify App — we’ll want to install the following dependencies for the next part of the tutorial: — It is a zero configuration way of getting started with GraphQL in react. apollo-boost — Apollo client is the best way to use GraphQL in client-side applications. provides an integration between GraphQL and Apollo client react-apollo React-apollo — A JavaScript template literal tag that parses GraphQL queries graphql-tag — The JavaScript reference implementation for GraphQL. Needed to resolve a conflict with Expo. graphql Which can be installed by running: npm install --save apollo-boost react-apollo graphql-tag graphql Now that is sorted let’s get our data from our GraphQL server and display it using the following data query: Hopefully you can see how simple GraphQL makes data queries look, in this example we’re simply requesting one playlist object which has the properties , , , and and that have , , and values. name creator followers albumArt songs songs key title artist album Let’s fetch and display this data using by modiying our to the following: react-apollo App.js In the above code we’re using the component from to request the data and on data being returned we're rendering all of our received information. The component also allows us to handle or state which we're just rendering a blank view at the moment but you can see how this can be used to provide a greater user experience. <Query /> react-apollo loading error Save and run the application now, you should see a fully functioning Spotify Playlist application using data straight from your GraphQL server! Finished Application Further Reading That’s about it for this tutorial, if you have any GraphQL or React quieres you can always reach out on Twitter or Email and i’ll do my best to help! For further reading here’s some other articles that I found interesting: by Weblab Technology GraphQL: Everything You Need to Know by Jonas Helfer GraphQL Explained: How GraphQL Turns a Query into a Response by GraphQL Queries and Mutations Got a project that you’re looking to get started, think you may need my help with something or simpy want to reach out? Get in touch!

Recreating Spotify Playlists using GraphQL & React Native

Browsers now have native support for doing asyncronous calls via / . This is nice. It is essentially syntax support for promises. async await Unfortunately, the error handling story for all this not so nice. Real footage of the async error delegation mechanism To summarize, here’s what we’ve got to deal with: 2 non-equivalent ways throwing errors. 2 mostly equivalent ways of catching local errors. From 0 to 1 ways of catching promise errors globally. 1 way to throw errors that don’t get caught by any of these mechanisms. Ugh. How did we end up with this? Well, when adding new features to a system, if every feature number n has to interact with all of the existing n-1 features, you get an O(n²) growth in feature-feature interactions. So for a linear growth in features, you get a quadratic growth in complexity. This actually explains why most big software projects fail, and why disentangling features is so important. It’s also what has happened to async error handling. We started with simple callback functions. Then it turned out that callbacks was a mess, so we fixed all that with Promises. Then it turned out that Promises was a mess, so we fixed all that with async/await. So let’s dig into the current mess. Handling errors in promises locally Promises, they break before they’re madeSometimes, sometimes - The Strokes, in a post to the WHATWG mailing list Thrown errors When an error is thrown in an async function, you can catch it with a . So this works as you'd expect: try {} catch {} () {throws Error();} async function fails () { { fails();} (e) {console.log("that failed", e);}} async function myFunc try await catch This is syntax sugar for what you might have been doing with promises earlier: fails().catch(e => {console.log("That also failed", e);}); In fact, anywhere you use the keyword , you can remove and do the traditional and calls. This is because the keyword implicitly creates a for its function. await await .then() .catch() async Promise The only difference between these two is that the callback for has its own execution context, i.e. variable scope works like you'd expect it to. catch() Rejected promises With Promises, it turns out you have another way of throwing errors, other than using throw. You can call : reject() () { Promise((resolve, reject) => {reject( Error());});} function fails2 return new new () { { fails2();} (e) {console.log("that failed", e);}} async function myFunc2 try await catch Errors passed to can be caught with both and with the method. So you have two ways to throw errors, and two ways to catch errors. This is more complex than we'd like, but at least both way of catching errors will catch either way of throwing them, so the complexity here isn't fully as bad as it could have been. reject() try {} catch {} .catch() Errors thrown in a different call stack There’s more trouble to be had though. If you’re creating yourself, chances are you're using either a or a , or in some way calling a callback function when some operation is done. These callbacks will be called from a different call stack, which means that thrown errors will propagate to somewhere that is not your code. Promise setTimeout() setInterval() Consider this example: () { Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout( () { Error();}, 100);});} function fails3 return new function throw new () { { fails3();} (e) {console.log("that failed", e); //<-- never gets called}} async function myFunc3 try await catch The error produced here is never caught by the , because it is thrown on a different call stack. Using the method would have the same problem. try {} catch {} .catch(() => {}) The way to have an error propagate across such callbacks is to use the reject() function, like so: () { Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout( () {reject( Error());}, 100);});} function fails4 return new function new () { { fails4();} (e) {console.log("that failed", e); //<-- this gets called}} async function myFunc4 try await catch This is presumably the main reason why the reject/resolve paradigm was introduced in the first place. Sidenote: Why reject/resolve kind of sucks. Calling in a promise is much like doing , except for a major difference: It's just a function call, so it doesn't break the execution flow like does. This means you can write paradoxical code that both s and s, like this: reject(new Error()) throw Error() throw reject resolve () { Promise((resolve, reject) => {reject( Error());resolve("great success");});} function schrödinger return new new Here both and will be called. So which will win? The answer is whichever function was called . reject() resolve() first Now look at this weirdo: () { Promise((resolve, reject) => { resolve("huh"); //<-- this throw is executed});} () { { schrödinger2();} (e) {console.log("caught error", e);//<-- yet, this isn't reached}} function schrödinger2 return new throw async function callAsync try await catch Here the promise has a single line of code, a throw statement. Yet, the is never triggered. This is because resolve was called, and the rule still is that whatever was called is what wins. So the throw is executed, but it is silently swallowed by the runtime. This is bound to cause endless confusion. try {} catch {} first These problems happen because and are near duplicates of and . I'll claim that the only reason we have reject/resolve is to be able to move errors across call stack boundaries. But it's a mediocre fix for that, for several reasons. It only moves the errors you expect, so e.g. an unexpected NullReferenceException will not be moved across boundaries unless you explicitly call with it yourself. Also, the fact that it duplicates core language features causes problems, as seen above. resolve() reject() return throw reject() There’s a cleaner design for this. C# has had / since before people started talking about it in . There, exceptions thrown in the async callbacks are caught, and then rethrown such that they propagate to the site that is awaiting the async operation. JavaScript could implement this by providing substitutes for setTimeout and setInterval with new semantics for errors, and we could ditch this / stuff in favor of / . This would also cut down the Promises spec by 90%. async await JavaScript resolve reject return throw Handling errors in promises globally So we know how to catch errors with and similar mechanisms. What about when you want to set up a global catch-all handler for all unhandled errors, for example to log these errors to a server? try {} catch {} Well, how do you even tell if an error in a promise is unhandled? When dealing with promises, you have no way of knowing if an error will be handled some time in the . The promise might call , and some code might come along 10 minutes later and call on that promise, in which case the error will be handled. For this reason, the global error handler in Promise libraries like Q and Bluebird has been named , which is a fitting name. In native Promises, this function is called , but they still can only tell if a rejection has been unhandled . future reject() .catch(() => {}) onPossiblyUnhandledRejection onunhandledrejection so far You can set up your global handler like this: window.onunhandledrejection = (evt) { /*Your code*/ } function or: window.addEventListener("unhandledrejection", (evt) { }) function Here is an object of type . is the promise that was rejected, and holds whatever object was passed to the function. evt PromiseRejectionEvent evt.promise evt.reason reject() This is all nice and dandy, except for this: No one except Chrome implement it (well, Chrome, and Chromium based browsers). It is coming to Firefox, and presumably to Safari and Edge as well. But not yet. To make matters worse, there is no good work around for these browsers, other than not using native Promises, and relying on a library like Q or Bluebird instead. Hopefully native support will arrive for these browsers soon. Tracking errors in promises How do you track JavaScript errors that happen on your site? For this you can use , which is a JavaScript error tracking service. It instruments the browser with a global error handler, which then logs any uncaught errors that occur. Deployment is simply done by dropping in a script file. CatchJS <script src="//cdn.catchjs.com/catch.js"></script> With this, uncaught errors get logged, along with various telemetry, which can include screenshots and click trails. Because of the ambiguity of whether or not a Promise rejection will be handled in the future, CatchJS does not attach it self to the onunhandledrejection handler. If you want this, you can set up such forwarding manually. window.onunhandledrejection = (evt) {console.error(evt.reason);} function CatchJS will instrument console.error, so these errors will be logged to your remote persistent log, as well as to the developers console. Mahatma Gandhi said that a breach of promise is a base surrender of truth. Then again, he knew nothing about async error handling. Originally published at catchjs.com .

Async error handling: N² ways to shoot yourself in the foot

http://media2.govtech.com/images/940*464/shutterstock_blockchain.jpg : I am proud to announce that my new course “ in iOS Using Swift” is now available. for only $10.99. UPDATE Blockchain Programming Enroll now In my last I discussed the basic implementation of Blockchain in Swift language. In this post I will take the Blockchain implementation to the cloud using server side Swift framework, Vapor. We will build the Blockchain Web API over the HTTP protocols, providing necessary functionality using different routes. This post assumes that you have installed framework on your computer and have basic knowledge of Swift Language. post Vapor Implementing Models The first step is to create necessary models for the Blockchain Web API. These models will consist of the following. : A block class represents a single block which can contain inputs and outputs represented by transactions. Block The properties of Block class are explained below: The position of block in the blockchain. Index of 0 means that the block is the first block in the blockchain. Index of 1 means it is the second block in the blockchain.. you get the idea right! index — — The date when the block was created dateCreated — The hash value of the previous block previousHash — The current hash of the block hash — Memo attached to each block. This is just for our purposes message — Auto incremented number which plays an important role for mining the hash nonce — An array of transactions. Each transaction represents a transfer of goods/value transactions — This is a computed property which is passed to the hashed function key : Transaction consists of the sender, recipient and the amount being transferred. The implementation is shown below: Transaction The class is self explanatory. It consists of from, to and amount fields. For the sake of simplicity we will be using dummy names for from and to fields, in reality these fields will consist of wallet ID. Transaction : Blockchain is the main class which represents a list of blocks. Each block points back to the previous block in the chain. Each block can contain multiple transactions, representing the credit or debit. Blockchain Each model adheres to the Codable protocol which allows it to easily convert to JSON represented object. If you have followed the article then the implementation above is very similar. Next step is to configure routes for our Web API, this is implemented in the new section using the Vapor framework. last Implementing Web API Using Vapor There are several different ways of implementing the Web API using Vapor. Instead of adding all the code in the Routes class, I proceeded by adding a custom controller which will handle all Blockchain requests. The implementation of is shown below: BlockchainController We will start by three basic endpoints for the Web API. : This endpoint will initiate the mining proess. Mining will allow us to satisfy the proof of work and add the block to the Blockchain. Mining : This endpoint is used to add a new transaction. The transaction will contain information about sender, receiver and the amount. Transaction : This endpoint returns the complete blockchain. Blockchain The uses the to perform the required operations. The implementation of BlockChainService is shown below: BlockchainController BlockChainService Let’s go ahead and check out out Web API end points. Start the Vapor server and send a request to “ ” end point. mine Mining a New Block The proof of work algorithm generates a hash value starting with “ ”. Once, the block has been mined we return it by converting it into JSON format. This is performed by using the Swift 4.0 Codable Protocols. 000 Now, we can add our transaction to the blockchain. Here is a simple transaction which transfers $10 from Alex to Mary. New Transaction The final step is to check out our blockchain with the newly added block. Visit the endpoint “ ” to view the complete chain. blockchain Blockchain Hooray! Our Blockchain Web API is now working correctly. Unfortunately, the whole point of blockchain is to be decentralized and currently, we don’t have any mechanism to add new nodes. In the next section we are going to update our blockchain implementation so it can support multiple nodes. Adding Nodes to Blockchain Before allows the blockchain to add new nodes, we must define what a node looks like. The implementation of a node model is shown below: The class simply consists of an property which represents the URL of the node server. We update the BlockchainController to add the ability to register new nodes. This is shown below: BlockChainNode address The BlockchainService also gets updated to accommodate registering of the new nodes. Let’s go ahead and test it out. Start the new Vapor server and try to register new nodes. Register a New Node Once, the node(s) has been registered, you can fetch it using the nodes end point as shown below: Fetching All Nodes Now, that we can register new nodes we should focus on resolving the conflicts between the nodes. A conflict happens when the blockchain on one node gets larger as compared to the other nodes. In this scenario, we always takes the neighboring nodes and updates them with the larger blockchain. Resolving Conflicts Between Nodes In order to create a conflict we need to run a second server or run the server on a separate port. We are going to use the later approach and start the Vapor server on a different port. Once, the two nodes are initiated, we will create transactions on both nodes which will add blocks to the blockchain. Finally, we will call a resolve end point which will resolve the conflicts between nodes and update the node to the larger blockchain. The BlockchainController has been updated to add a new end point for resolving conflicts. We have used the async response feature of Vapor framework which will allow us to process the response asyncronously. The BlockchainService has also been updated to support the conflict resolution. The implementation is shown below: The function goes through a list of nodes and fetches the blockchain of each node. If the blockchain is larger than the current blockchain then it replaces the blockchain with the larger one, otherwise it returns the current blockchain which is also the larger one. resolve In order to test it out let’s start two servers on separate port and add two transactions on port and three on . You can start a Vapor server using terminal by issuing the following command. 8080 8090 vapor run serve -— port=8090 We added three transactions on port 8080 node as shown below: Blockchain on Port 8080 After that we added two transactions on port 8090 node as shown below: Blockchain on Port 8090 Make sure to register the node with the 8090 address as shown below: Registering a Node Finally, it is time to test our resolve conflict end point. Invoke the “ ” end point by visiting it in your Postman as shown below: resolve Resolve End Point Returning Larger Blockchain As you can see the resolve end point returns the larger blockchain and also updates the blockchain for the other nodes. This completes our conflict resolution scenario. [ ] Github This post is based on an amazing post by Daniel Van Flymen “ ”. Learn Blockchains by Building One I hope you like the post. I am currently in the process of making a Udemy course on “ ”. You can subscribe to get notified when the course is released. Blockchain Programming in iOS here If you want to support my writing and donate then please visit my page and buy my amazing courses on Udemy. courses Thanks and happy programming!

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