We’ve just had our best year yet, ending 2021 with customers in 18 countries and 3 times as many signed locations as we started the year with

Tenzo

Mizar raises $3 million to develop a trading suite for the crypto industry has announced the successful closure of its seed investment round, which raised $3 million towards developing next-generation smart trading solutions. Huobi Ventures, KuCoin Ventures, Gate Labs, MEXC, WOO Ventures, Spark Digital Capital, Shima Capital, Stakely VC, Evolve Capital, Kairon Labs, AU21 Capital, Tenzor Capital, NFT Tech, David Post, and Dean Thomas were among the investors in this round. Mizar Mizar is a next-generation trading platform that allows traders to find methods for safely allocating money and use a variety of trading instruments to put their assets in action. Mizar's objective is to provide powerful but simple-to-use trading tools to the general public. No previous trading experience is required to use smart trading tools. Kalin Metodiev, CFA, Co-Founder and Managing Partner at Nexo, said: Nexo is pleased to enter into a strategic partnership with Mizar to support the development of smart trading tools and strategies. We believe that the platform will allow even a novice crypto investor to trade with more confidence and explore new strategies, thereby enhancing the user experience during the continuous mass adoption of digital assets. Beginners who want to trade in other traders' techniques with a few clicks, investors who want to manage their portfolios with smart functionalities, and expert traders who want to automate their trades and be copied to make a passive income from their portfolio. The mission is to decrease the entrance barriers to crypto trading, enabling novices and specialists to enhance their skills. The Rise of VC Behemoths in Crypto Apart from leading Coinbase's $300 million Series E round in October 2018, digital investment firm Tiger Global Management stayed away from crypto at the start of 2018. The American investment firm mainly focuses on Internet, software, consumer, and financial technology industries. That has drastically altered in the previous fourteen months. Tiger Global is investing in crypto heavily. The US fund which manages $95 billion in assets has currently led or invested in no fewer than 35 crypto-funding rounds, a trend that shows no signs of slowing down. Tiger looks to be increasing its cryptocurrency investments and portfolio. Tiger executed five crypto agreements in each of the first three quarters of 2021, followed by 10 in the fourth quarter. With a little more than a month left in the first quarter of this year, the organisation has already made ten more investments. Tiger has been involved in $5.6 billion in crypto financing, according to Dealroom statistics, since it started investing in the industry in earnest early last year. The company's cash has been distributed pretty equally throughout the sector, although trading and brokerage businesses have reaped the most benefits, accounting for 30.6 percent of its crypto bets. The company's first web3 contract was signed in late 2021, and its first DeFi contract was signed in the first two months of this year. The increase in the activity of investment funds indicates that 2022 will be a deal-making year with lots of opportunities for blockchain startups. Disclaimer: The purpose of this article is to remove informational asymmetry existing today in our digital markets by performing due diligence, asking the right questions, and equipping readers with better opinions to make informed decisions. Catch all the breaking news, and Don’t forget to like the story! and . Image credits: Vighnesh Dudani Fahrul Azmi Disclaimer: The purpose of this article is to remove informational asymmetry existing today in our digital markets by performing due diligence, asking the right questions, and equipping readers with better opinions to make informed decisions. The writer holds Bitcoin, Ethereum, Cardano, Solana and Cosmos. The writer has a vested interest in the story.

Mizar Raises $3 Million in Seed Funding led by Nexo to Build Next-Generation of Trading Tools

Top 15 Small-Cap DeFi Projects to Keep Your Eye On in 2021

TENZ-ID. An uncensorable, unstoppable, identity powered by Blockchain Technology. TENZ-ID is a Decentralized naming system that allows you to register an Ethereum Address with a to use on services, applications and games powered by the Blockchain. You can make your own at .🎉 Blockchain unique, fully owned by you, tradable username tenzorum.org/tenz_id Whaaaaat? — Wow Wow Wow. Calm down with the words Moritz, are you telling me that I can have my own Digital Identity that uses Blockchain Technology today??? Cool. What does this 💩 even mean? Relax. Hold my hand through your keyboard. I will not only show you why this is pretty amazing, but I will teach you how to get one and become a part of the decentralized world for a few cents in less than 10 minutes. Yes. Few cents. Less than 10 minutes. Infinite possibilities. We will do it together. I will show you the way. What is TENZ-ID and why does it matter? TENZ-ID is a system created by . We are helping anyone to register a username on the Blockchain in a few clicks (2 to be exact) and the intrinsic complexities behind them. Tenzorum Project, which is developing user-friendly tools to empower people with decentralized technologies to liberate the web without having to know ANYTHING about smart contracts Few clicks. Instant Value. Many benefits. — Why do I need a username on the Blockchain and what can I do with it? Drake knows. Ok, this is how the Blockchain currently sees you, we call it the : Public Address 0xab5801a7d398351b8be11c439e05c5b3259aec9b Let’s agree on something… I am really happy for you if you have insane memory skills, or if you enjoy typing that kind of hash, but in terms of user experience… This is really really bad. In every decentralized application (fully powered by Blockchain), you are somehow a hash/ a public address. To execute transactions, send money to your friends, register into applications, and to do anything on the Blockchain, you have to have a public address that belongs to you. On the Blockchain: YOU ARE THAT PUBLIC ADDRESS. But they are ugly. And frightening. And not user-friendly. And inconvenient. And ugly. TENZ-ID solves that problem.🎉 What we created is a decentralized solution that allows you to attach a unique username to your public address. — Ok ok ok… I get it… Usernames and stuff, but what are the core benefits and value of creating a TENZ-ID? Elon brings you a Tesla at Christmas. That’s it.🚘 Nah, I’m kidding, sorry. Although I will be happy if you get one, the fundamental benefits are: 👨‍🎨Accessibility. That’s the obvious one. If we want Blockchain to go mainstream, and onboard the next 1 billion people to the decentralized world, it’s naive to believe that people will even have to interact with Public Addresses in their primitive form. If you ever bought into an ICO, have some crypto or are a legendary cypherpunk, YOU NEED to have a personal address as a username sooner rather than later. This is how everything will work soon enough! 🙌Freedom. TENZ-ID is by design; unstoppable and uncensorable. When you register on cousin Zuck’s platform(aka Facebook) or uncle Page email system (Gmail), you are asking them for permission to use their services. In return, you are giving them your data. You can be censored, banned, stopped, obliterated(not this one). Because it’s platform. And that’s how the centralized internet works. THEIR That’s not how TENZ-ID works because this is not our platform, . It’s an on chain solution that uses Ethereum Blockchain addresses to register your username. You don’t ask permission to exist or operate, you just do. it belongs to the world 💸And you are hearing first. @ @ @ @ @ @ How cool it would have been to have the pure usernames on twitter, or your email, or anything that you use frequently? Vitalik Moritz Naval Daniel Pet3rpan Alex What if you actually registered all of those names and later on, Well, that is also possible with TENZ-ID… actually SELL THEM on digital auctions? Well well smart boys and girls, now you know… Hopefully, you will not be the one that missed out. So now I’m going to teach you how to register your username in a few clicks. You are ready young Padawan, This is how to get one in 4 steps: You will need: A browser wallet called Metamask. You can download it at ! metamask.io If you don’t download it, you will receive this error: 2. Few cents in ETH on this wallet (usually less than 30 cents). I know… It sucks if you don’t have ETH. That’s actually the main focus of Tenzorum Project… We are creating a system around something called Meta-Transactions, allowing you to transact without having to pay gas fees in ETH but any ERC20 or in some cases ... But this is a discussion for a very close future, if you want to know more look at not paying at all Tenzorum Service Nodes Network!!! In the meanwhile: You need to have a few cents in ETH, don’t be a cheap bast👾💩👽 and go get these cents! STEP 1: Go to . tenzorum.org/tenz_id Make sure your Metamask is on Main Ethereum Network. What does that mean? 👉This is the real Ethereum Network and you are really getting this username. Like really… Legit… 10/10… Anyways, let’s keep going. Stop judging my balance. STEP 2: Input the username that you want and make sure it’s available, make sure that the ETH address has the same address of your Metamask and when you are ready to join the decentralized world, press Register ID.🎉 You will then be redirected to another page, or a Metamask window will pop up in your screen with something really similar to the image below. Select CONFIRM.🎉 Less than 30 cents as I said before. We are almost there my beautiful human being, don’t give up on us now❤️. STEP 3: You will be redirected to a confirmation page! All you need to do is wait for your submission to be confirmed. There are 2 ways to confirm that you got your TENZ-ID and things went smoothly in the Blockchain: Wait for a pop up to eventually appear (can take up to ~5 mins), be patient, be calm, be relentless, be like the water that flows in the river of life🔥 The pop up looks like this. 2. Click on the message shown on the confirmation page👇. “HERE” You will be sent to There you will be able to see the status of your submission. Etherscan. 🚨Now pay attention to this: If the status of your transaction is The TENZ-ID is not yours yet. It’s pending 💡… I do not control the Blockchain ( ), so sometimes things may work in a funny way and you may have to try again. “PENDING”. if I did prices would just go up all the time🤷🏻‍ BUT ASSUMING EVERYTHING WENT WELL AND YOU RECEIVED THE CONFIRMATION… There is only one more thing you have to do… And it’s really important. STEP 4: It’s one of the most, more critical, and more important things you have done so far… And it means a lot to me… You see that Big Bad Blue Button saying: Share on Twitter🚀? — Yes Moritz, I do see it my friend. You hit that and share it on Twitter. 👊 That’s how you let me know you made it through the Tutorial and now have your TENZ-ID! Remember to tag me! @mrtzneto . BOOOOOM. That’s it, you made it through🔥 Let’s verify your username! Let’s check your registered on the Blockchain!!!! username Go to , and on the explorer bar, type your just claimed TENZ-ID. Etherscan It means that from now on, you don’t need to type your public address on Etherscan anymore, you can actually just type your username🤯. Come on, I know you are impressed. In my case: satoshi.tenz-id.xyz This is what you are going to see: This is how you should be feeling: You own it. Welcome to Tenzorum. Welcome to a better Decentralized World. How do I transfer this to someone? 💰We will be launching an explorer for you to trade these usernames.💰 I will update this piece with more details explaining how to do this with mycrypto and $oon with our trading $y$tem, If you want to know when it’s available let your email below ( I will not spam you with randomness👩‍🚀). 👉Soon you will be able to use this identity in applications, games, exchanges and everything across Ethereum ecosystem! Final Considerations: You made your own Identity on the Blockchain.🎉 This is fundamentally what we call a subdomain factory. It means that you have interacted with the Ethereum Blockchain using our smart contract to create your personal username. To know more about the behind it, , Lead Blockchain Engineer at who build all the smart contract🚀s🚀🚀. technology visit this article from the legend Radek Ostrowski Tenzorum and I hope this helped you become more interested and involved with the amazing space. But remember that with great powers come great responsibilities. You’ve just unlocked some Blockchain superpowers Leave any questions or comments in the section below and share with everyone if you are working on something interesting. The Tenzorum community is always keen to help with cool and meaningful projects. Now that you went through everything, don’t forget to let me know how was your experience with this article, what have you built and what you are up to! 🌻Acknowledgements: 🍄Smart Contracts and the things people don’t understand at all-> Radek 🦄UX and Design -> @mrtzneto 🌴Front End and Implementations -> Mark 🌀The hidden gem that is changing the Blockchain world -> @tenzorum 👏P.S. Give me at least a 20 claps for good luck in crypto this year ;)

Digital identity on the Blockchain. You can claim yours today.

Huobi Blockchain Industry Special Report: Blockchain Games

Originally published at www.toptal.com , written by Radek Ostrowski . In , I introduced you to smart contract development but skimmed over how to develop a distributed application (dapp, stylized ĐApp). This time, I want to focus on precisely that. However, to make our work more meaningful, let’s build a service that allows people to create free Ethereum subdomains with a single blockchain transaction. the previous article in the blockchain series Let’s start this ĐApp tutorial by explaining the Ethereum Name Service (ENS) first. The Ethereum Name Service ENS is a equivalent of the commonly used Domain Name System (DNS). Both of them could be described with a phone-book metaphor. They serve as a lookup service, translating human-readable names into their underlying representations — in the case of DNS and ENS, computer addresses instead of telephone numbers. blockchain DNS translates the domain names of website addresses into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. They’re easily understood by computers, but not so convenient for us humans. For example, at the time of this writing, represents —which would you rather remember and type? toptal.com 35.186.228.167 $ ping toptal.com PING toptal.com (35.186.228.167): 56 data bytes ENS serves the same purpose, but instead of IP addresses, domains are mapped into Ethereum addresses, which are 42 characters long. The top-level ENS domain is . .eth Interestingly, the equivalent of DNS’ Central Registry is represented as set of . These are running on the Ethereum blockchain, in a distributed manner, “… meaning it doesn’t suffer from the insecurity of the DNS system. You can be confident names you enter work the way their owner intended,” as describes. smart contracts the ENS website Below is a high-level overview of the ENS architecture. The backbone of the service is the ENS registry smart contract, which maps representations of domain names to ENS resolvers’ smart contracts. Those, in turn, map to the target Ethereum address. Looking at the diagram, if an application wanted to resolve the ENS address , it would first query the ENS Registry for the corresponding ENS Resolver and then ask the resolver for the mapping Ethereum address which would respond with . For more information dig into the ENS Documentation . radek.freedomain.eth 0x0987... here ENS Domains .eth ENS launched on May 4th, 2017, and at the moment (phase one), its domains have to contain seven or more characters. It is not possible to use which has six characters, so we will instead use an ENS domain that I bought: . toptal.eth freedomain.eth Anyone can register a domain name by locking in some ether in a Vickrey auction process mediated by deployed smart contracts. The auction consists of two stages, and , lasting three and two days respectively. .eth bid reveal First, an auction for a domain must be started along with placing the first bid. Once it’s running, anyone can place their bids. Once the first stage completes, new bids are no longer accepted and the participants then have to reveal their bids. The winner with the highest bid only has to match the second highest bid, and the rest of the ether is refunded. All the remaining participants also get a refund. But it’s important to note that if you do not reveal your bid in time, the ether you bid is lost. Once you are confirmed the winner, you only have to the auction and set the and the address. Simple? Maybe not so much, if you are new to Ethereum. There are several tools that can help you with that—like , , and —but it’s a multistage process nonetheless. (I also just discovered , which seems a bit more user-friendly.) finalize resolver target MyCrypto MyEtherWallet ENS Manager ENSListing What about subdomains? Are they any simpler? Let’s have a look. ENS Subdomains What use is there of a subdomain in the first place? My best guess is that it’s the same as with subdomains in DNS. They can also give more of an organizational feel to users, where the domain represents the organization and the subdomain resembles the structure of email addresses: [email protected] => radek.freedomain.eth A novel use case currently being implemented by is to use your subdomain as a username/login to Ethereum ĐApps. Imagine a case where there is a ĐApp game which you’ve been playing for a while. It would be great to continue playing the game with the same login from your laptop and your mobile phone as you are on the go even though both devices use different key pairs. This is how this is achieved: Tenzorum Project Log in to the ĐApp using your subdomain, e.g., radek.tenz-id.eth The ĐApp asks you to sign a message to verify you are the holder of the corresponding private key The ĐApp checks that you are authorized to log in by asking your personal wallet smart contract. (You guessed it, the login represented by the ENS subdomain is pointing to your personal wallet’s address.) This has the added benefit of being able to continue playing even if you lose your device (and the private key on it), as you won’t lose the access to your personal wallet. Subdomains map names to addresses exactly the same way as domains do, but you don’t need to go through an auction process to create one. Luckily, there is no minimum length limit on ENS subdomains, either. To register a subdomain, you have to be the owner of the domain as a prerequisite. To create or update a subdomain, you have to call on the ENS registry smart contract. Once successful, the same logic as with domains applies: The owner has to set the and the address. setSubnodeOwner resolver target What if we could automate this and simplify the process for users? I have created [a smart contract that does exactly that — the aforementioned —allowing anyone to create a subdomain with a single blockchain call. However, as the focus of this article is on building ĐApps, I will leave it for you to examine as an exercise. EnsSubdomainFactory.sol Distributed Applications (ĐApps) A ĐApp is simply a front-end website interacting with the blockchain back end. The website must be viewed on a Ethereum-enabled browser like , , or the mobile app ; or by installing the plugin. Mist Parity Cipher MetaMask Instead of a traditional back end with a server and database, the read and write calls are made directly to the Ethereum blockchain. The calls can be done using the JSON RPC protocol, but luckily for us there is a library which wraps the calls in a developer-friendly fashion. Meet Web3. There are several versions in different programming languages, but we are going to use the JavaScript one, . Also, the instance is being injected by the browser, or in the case of our approach here, the MetaMask plugin. web3.js web3 HTML Website So now, we can get down to how to build a ĐApp. In our case, all we need is a simple form with five elements: Input field for subdomain name Dropdown with available domains Input field for the new owner of the subdomain Input field for the target address Submit button I’ve pimped it up a bit with . (Remember, in terms of UI features, a ĐApp is like any other web app, so we don’t need a ĐApp framework — regular web tech like Bootstrap does perfectly well here.) Here’s what it looks like: Bootstrap per se It’s just a regular so we will not elaborate more. All the magic happens in the JavaScript file . HTML website dapp.js JavaScript and Web3 To build any generic ĐApp, what you need is: A Web3 instance (e.g., with MetaMask provider) A way to read from the blockchain (e.g., ethereum balance) A way to write to the blockchain (e.g., send ether) A way to read from a smart contract (e.g., ENS domain owner, or ERC20 token balance) A way to write to a smart contract (e.g., create subdomain, or transfer ERC20 tokens) Additionally, for your decentralized application to interact with a smart contract you need: An Application Binary Interface (ABI) The deployed address of the smart contract I’ll cover the above in turn and show you how we apply them to our ĐApp. The most convenient way to develop ĐApps is with Firefox or Chrome with the MetaMask plugin. For instructions on how to get it installed, please revisit the . previous article As of this writing, there are two relevant versions of web3.js to consider when developing a decentralized app: The and the not-quite-released-but-already-widely-in-use . In this article we are using the latter version. 0.20 1.0.0 The check for the instance happens in the function. This will also work with upcoming MetaMask : web3 initWeb3() web3 injection changes window.addEventListener('load', () => { // If web3 is not injected if (typeof web3 === 'undefined') { // Listen for provider injection window.addEventListener('message', ({ data }) => { if (data && data.type && data.type === 'ETHEREUM_PROVIDER_SUCCESS') { // Use injected provider web3 = new Web3(ethereum); // ... } else { // No web3 instance available. Show a popup // ... } }); // Request provider window.postMessage({ type: 'ETHEREUM_PROVIDER_REQUEST' }, '*'); } // If web3 is injected, use its provider else { web3 = new Web3(web3.currentProvider); // ... } }); If no instance is found, we can display a notification to the user: web3 Interacting with the Blockchain Firstly, let’s get the current loaded Ethereum account, as done in the function: loadAccount() web3.eth.getAccounts(function(error, accounts) { if (error) { // handle error } else { DApp.currentAccount = accounts[0]; // ... } }); We can then auto-populate the input fields for the new owner and target with the address of the current account. In our application, we do not need to interact with ether balances, but for completeness, here is how to check an account balance: web3.eth.getBalance(DApp.currentAccount, function(error, ethBalance) { if (error) { // handle error } else { console.log("Eth balance", ethBalance); } }); …and here is how to send some ether: web3.eth.sendTransaction( { from: DApp.currentAccount, to: receiverAddress, value: ethValue }, function(error, txHash) { if (error) { // handle error } else { console.log("Transaction hash", txHash); } } ); Note that you have to specify the and fields as Ethereum addresses and also the of ether you want to send. This is represented in wei—e.g., is one ether. from to value 1000000000000000000 Interacting with Smart Contracts In order to interact with a smart contract, we first have to create a proxy object. To do this, we need its (ABI), which specifies the available operations. application binary interface We also need the Ethereum address where the smart contract is deployed on the blockchain. In the application, we are interacting with one smart contract, which is our : EnsSubdomainFactory factoryAbi: [...], // Local factoryAddress: "0x9fbda871d559710256a2502a2517b794b482db40", ... The contract is initiated in the function: initContracts() DApp.factoryContract = new web3.eth.Contract(DApp.factoryAbi, DApp.factoryAddress); After this setup, we are finally ready to make some calls. For our use case, we need to know who the current owner of a particular domain and subdomain is, so this is how our function looks: checkSubdomainOwner() DApp.factoryContract.methods.subdomainOwner(subdomain, domain).call() Note that this is a read-only operation: We are using function, which is free to execute—i.e., it does not consume any gas. call() This is how our ĐApp will show that a given domain is available, taken, or owned by the current user: The final blockchain call we need to make is to create or update the subdomain. We do it inside of the function: newSubdomain() DApp.factoryContract.methods.newSubdomain( subdomain, domain, owner, target).send( { gas: 150000, from: DApp.currentAccount }, function(error, txHash) { if (error) { // handle error } else { console.log("Transaction hash", txHash); } } ); This time, we are passing four parameters to the function: , , , and . They are self explanatory. subdomain domain owner target Note that we are using instead of . That’s because this is a write operation and will change the state of the blockchain, and will also cost you some ether as gas. An additional parameter that we include is which represents the gas limit for the transaction. If the transaction costs more than the limit to execute we want it to get reverted. send() call() gas Listening for Events We would like to know when our transaction completes successfully and notify the user that their subdomain is ready to use. The factory smart contract defines an event which gets emitted when the subdomain is created or updated: event SubdomainCreated(address indexed creator, address indexed owner, string domain, string subdomain); Following , we should be able to do this: the web3.js documentation DApp.factoryContract.once('SubdomainCreated', { filter: {creator: DApp.currentAccount} }, function(error, event){ if (error) { // handle error } else { // display a notification that the event happened } } ); Where we specify the event we want to listen to and pass the parameter to only listen to events where the is specified as our . Unfortunately, the current version of MetaMask , which are required by web3.js 1.0 events. This works in older version of web3.js but with a different syntax. SubdomainCreated filter creator DApp.currentAccount does not yet support web sockets As a workaround, we could poll for the transaction receipt to check if it’s been mined, but for simplicity, we will just show a link to Etherscan’s ENS lookup service with the details of our new subdomain, e.g., and the transaction status can be also found in the MetaMask window. https://etherscan.io/enslookup?q=radek.freedomain.eth And this is all we really need to complete our simple ĐApp. For the full source code, feel free to dig in . here Running Locally If you want to play with the code locally, simply check it out and make sure you have the following npm packages installed: npm i -g truffle npm i web3 lite-server eth-ens-namehash-ms You can launch the local testnet with : Truffle $ truffle develop … truffle(develop)> migrate … truffle(develop)> test Using network 'develop'. Contract: EnsSubdomainFactory ✓ creating new subdomain works (143ms) ✓ creating new subdomain fails when factory is not the owner of domain (47ms) ✓ updating subdomain works if done by current owner (215ms) ✓ creating new subdomain fails if it is already owned by someone else (197ms) ✓ transferring domain works (76ms) ✓ cannot transfer domains when locked (97ms) ✓ cannot transfer domains when not contract owner (55ms) ✓ checking for domain and subdomain owner works (138ms) 8 passing (2s) Finally, repoint the factory smart contract to your local node by uncommenting a line in : dapp.js // Local factoryAddress: "0x9fbda871d559710256a2502a2517b794b482db40", // Ropsten // factoryAddress: "0xf9fa2ff44a474b6d20500969bda61c2827fbc6b6", // Mainnet // factoryAddress: "0xbd185de5172ca64eec3d8cc763883a68f9154cd6", To start the web server, simply execute , which should launch your browser on . npm run dev localhost:3000 Note that I’ve included ENS registry and resolver mock contracts for easy local development. The Results on the Ethereum Network The contract is deployed to . 0xbd185de5172ca64eec3d8cc763883a68f9154cd6 Our production ĐApp website is available at . https://ens.startonchain.com The source code with MIT license . is available on GitHub Disclaimer: This is running on the main network, not testnet, so you are operating with real money. Use at your own risk. It’s important to note that domain owners can always change the subdomain owners — even if they are already assigned. We disabled this option in our smart contract, but you should be careful when you are using somebody else’s domain. Welcome to the World of ĐApps In this ĐApp tutorial, I’ve touched on the Ethereum Name Service (ENS), web3.js, ABI, smart contracts, MetaMask, transaction event listeners, and how to generate a Truffle project. This ĐApp does something interesting and useful, letting people create free Ethereum subdomains with a single blockchain transaction. Combined with , I’ve given you enough detail (and hopefully the inspiration) for you to create your own Ethereum-based blockchain app. Best of luck! my smart contract tutorial A smart contract is a computer program that gets executed on the blockchain’s nodes. Smart contracts can perform any calculation, persist data, define business rules, and also send and accept native currency like ether. Contracts are immutable in nature, unless programmed otherwise. The internet’s Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical, decentralized service translating human-friendly domain names like `toptal.com` into numerical IP addresses like `35.186.228.167`, which are required by computers on the Internet to locate data and serve content like websites. An Ethereum Name Service (ENS) domain is equivalent to a DNS domain and offers a decentralized and secure way to translate human-memorable text into Ethereum addresses. ENS domains currently end with .eth and have seven or more characters. They can be bought in an auction and can have hierarchical subdomains. A ĐApp is simply a front-end website interacting with the blockchain back-end (usually via web3) instead of a traditional back-end with a server and a database. The website must be viewed on an Ethereum-enabled browser like Mist, Parity, or the mobile app Cipher; or by installing the MetaMask plugin. All blockchains are distributed in nature as they have separate nodes working together in a distributed manner. Not all blockchains are decentralized, though. Some are centralized if there is a company that can censor, change, or stop the operation of the blockchain. Subdomains are part of second-level domains, but are considered separate entities by search engines. They can be used to create different websites for different regions, languages, departments, user types, or device types. E.g., a dedicated mobile version of example.com might use the m.example.com subdomain. Originally published at www.toptal.com .

The Ultimate ENS and ĐApp Tutorial

Trading can be nerve-racking at its best, terrifying at its worst People hypnotizing themselves to remember their passwords is a real thing. The user experience for trading cryptocurrency is not conducive to getting new users actively involved. There is no shortage of horror stories regarding hacked centralized exchanges, sending funds to the wrong address, and losing private keys. Some of the biggest problems are custody, safely sending payments, and private key , but luckily, these problems are being worked on by a few promising projects. management Custody of user funds The custody issue is likely the most infamous of all the three main problems with today’s user experience. Mt. Gox was a centralized exchange that was handling over 70% of all transactions at its peak in 2014 before it was hacked. Over 850,000 bitcoins were stolen, a value of $7,650,000,000 today. More recently, centralized exchange BitGrail was compromised, and the hacker stole over $187,000,000 worth of Nano (formerly RaiBlocks). Bitcoin Users that store their funds on exchanges do not own their own funds, in the same way that they don’t truly own the money that they have in their bank account. The only true way to store your cryptocurrency safely is with a cold storage wallet like a Ledger Nano S. Enter Decentralized Exchanges, which allow users to trade with each other in a peer-to-peer manner directly from their wallet. Not being forced to create an account which mandates personal information can protect anonymity and skips the tense moments of sending your BTC/ETH to a centralized exchange and waiting for the 30+ confirmations it takes for your funds to appear. Instead of using an intermediary party, Kyber uses an on-chain reserves that bring liquidity to the exchange. Granted, the trading volume of even the most popular decentralized exchanges are not even 1% of the volumes of the top centralized exchanges like . This leads to some limit buy/sell orders never going through because there is no one on the other side to fill them. It will take time for decentralized exchanges to get widespread adoption, but they can solve a lot of the problems that centralized exchanges struggle with, and once the liquidity problem is dealt with, there’s no stopping them. Binance Check out to start using decentralized exchanges. Kyber Network Sending Funds to an Incorrect Address The process of sending money in the “real world” is already a tense process. Even with a trusted service like Venmo, typing in the correct username and seeing a photo of the person you’re sending it to still doesn’t feel like enough information when you click Confirm. That’s a godsend compared to cryptocurrency, where you’re sending Ether to the address “0x3f5CE5FBFe3E9af3971dD833D26bA9b5C936f0bE” and you have to just pray that you copy and pasted the right address and make sure each letter and number matches up. The downside of anonymity means that if you send the funds to the wrong address, there’s no way of tracing the location and identity of the address holder. is aiming to be a decentralized version of Paypal, where two parties can transact money very easily in any currency (crypto or fiat currency) without a middle man taking fees from the transaction. Request Network Having a one-click solution that seamlessly sends money peer-to-peer would be an incredible step in the right direction for cryptocurrency, and Request Network’s solution paired with a great Know-Your-Customer service like would preserve anonymity while also verifying the identity of the party you are sending your money to. Civic Request Network also provides real-time accounting because all the transactions are on the immutable ledger, and the team is already working with massive players in the accounting space such as PwC-France. Private Key Management Vitalik Buterin, the creator of the initial Ethereum white paper, said that “..the #1 user experience need for crypto continues to be secure key management solutions. Multisig, scorched earth vaults(…) hardware wallets, all good, but lots of work UI side.” Accessing Dapps like MyEtherWallet or MetaMask require you to keep track of your private keys to access your accounts. These private keys usually are a string of random 12 to 24 words that you MUST keep safe unless you want to lose access to your funds. Right now, the most common way to store these private keys are on the cloud (not great) or on a folded piece of paper behind a picture frame (not efficient). The Tenzorum Project is focused on key management for the decentralized web. The Project is addressing fundamental key management elements by bringing together protocols such as secured login, recovery mechanism and access control, allowing users to take control of the way they interact with decentralized technologies. One very interesting thing that Tenzorum is doing is that they are backing up the private keys by using Shamir’s Secret Sharing Implementation, which means that “keys can be divided into fragments and encrypted using the web of trust such that a user would be able to rely on their web of trust in case they’d need to regain access to the associated crypto assets.” When Tenzorum launches, gone will be the days of digging through the garbage for your USB or to remember your private keys. hiring a hypnotist In Conclusion These are the three biggest and most urgent pain points that the cryptocurrency world needs to solve to get widespread adoption. Institutional money is not going to want to enter the market with these massive risks to their capital, and until a trusted custody, payments, and private key solution is here, the market will continue to go sideways. Luckily for us, there are strong projects with very capable developers working to solve this. Feel free to follow me on Medium or for more content, I promise to not take such a long hiatus from writing again. Twitter

How to get widespread adoption: Improve the notoriously bad UI/UX in crypto-investing

[Image: ] www.thecookingshopandmore.com The process of making food taught this expert to be mindful, embrace creativity, and push for mastery. Food is the most fundamental of needs for our survival and almost every major event in our lives revolves around it. Like many, I was introduced to cooking when I started college at 17 — to survive. Since then I have traveled many miles, experienced many cuisines, and cooked many meals. Along the way I have learned a few things about food, the process of cooking, and the impact it makes on our mind, body, and soul during good times and bad times. Food is the most fundamental of needs for our survival and almost every major event in our lives revolves around it. It plays a vital role in the development of social interactions and social relationships. I find food to be sacred and the process of making food to be awakening and insightful. Although I am not professionally trained, cooking has become a joyful passion. The process of making food has taught me to be mindful, embrace creativity, and push for mastery. Below are a few lessons that might make you think differently the next time you enter your kitchen. RITUALISTIC COOKING CAN ENHANCE MINDFULNESS Along with billions of others around the globe, I suffer from the daily grind of life. My affinity with mindful living is not grounded in any kind of scientific research — rather from constant self-analysis. I have found cooking is a means towards that journey of mindfulness. It’s been said that the only two jobs of a Zen monk that are more important than sitting zazen (meditation) are cooking and cleaning. Cooking is a great way to practice mindfulness. Mindfulness is a state of active, open attention to the present. It simply means living in the moment and awakening to experience. And it takes practice to be mindful. I have found that when I ritualistically cook on a regular basis it enhances my ability to be mindful about everything else I do. In the 13th century, Japanese Zen master Dogen wrote “ ,” or head cook. In examining the manners and methods of preparing a meal at the Monastery, he reveals how to “cook” — or refine — your whole life. In one such instruction, he says “When you boil rice, know that the water is your own life.” How do we cultivate the mind that cares as deeply for an ordinary thing, like water, as it cares for our very own life? Sounds simple — but it’s actually pretty hard — go ahead and try it. It comes from putting our entire mind into those simple tasks, concentrating deeply, and doing them intentionally and completely. And when we are mindful, it allows us to better connect with the: Instructions for the Tenzo Past — What we have completed Present — The task at hand Future — How our task at hand moves us forward I believe, if we consciously think about the ingredients we choose, their preparation, the way we cook and the way we eat, it can contribute towards the development of mindfulness. CONSCIOUS OPENNESS IS AT THE HEART OF ANY CREATIVE PROCESS I don’t ever follow a recipe for my cooking. I like to experiment, mix and match, and “design” my meals. I make my decisions based on availability, my eating companions, and the hour of the day. Over the years this awareness (during cooking) of resource, audience, and need helped me hone how I think. When I started cooking at the age of 17, just like life, I was unsure of the kitchen. Now I try to “create” my food with confidence. It is entirely natural for me to mix Japanese mirin with Indian turmeric and Mexican chilies. In 2006, chefs Ferran Adria of El Bulli, Heston Blumenthal of The Fat Duck, Thomas Keller of French Laundry and Per Se, and the writer Harold McGee put forward what they termed “the ,” and while its focus is food, it could well serve as a manifesto for anyone who is in the business of creativity: international agenda for great cooking “We believe that today and in the future, a commitment to excellence requires openness to all resources that can help us give pleasure and meaning to people through the medium of food. In the past, cooks and their dishes were constrained by many factors: the limited availability of ingredients and ways of transforming them, limited understanding of cooking processes, and the necessarily narrow definitions and expectations embodied in local tradition. Today there are many fewer constraints, and tremendous potential for the progress of our craft. We can choose from the entire planet’s ingredients, cooking methods, and traditions, and draw on all of human knowledge, to explore what it is possible to do with food and the experience of eating.” Just like making music or poetry, cooking requires understanding interconnectedness and harmonies. Anyone can mix and match two random sets of ingredients together, but not everyone can cook. Understanding the relationships between the ingredients and their interactions is crucial to creating a successful dish. This conscious openness is precisely what is at the heart of any creative process regardless of what we do and the medium we use. MASTERY COMES FROM ENTHUSIASTIC AND DEVOTED PRACTICE Most mornings I prepare my son a balanced breakfast and a lunch pack between 6 a.m. and 6:15 a.m. I have about 15 min to cook eggs, toast bread, chop fruit, make a sandwich, etc. Not much time, right? Actually, it’s plenty. It comes from skills, practice, confidence, and organization. It begins with breaking down the process into mini goals: I first decide what I want to cook based on what’s available I do all the prep work needed to create the meal I start cooking based on the cooking time and how I will serve the meal Along with clear thinking, being productive requires skills. And mastery comes from enthusiastic and repeated, devoted practice. In the video clip below from the movie , Julia Child demonstrates what 100 pounds of onions and deliberate practice can achieve. She began with one onion and continued to use deliberate practice to master one skill at a time until she became known as the best teacher in French cooking. Julie & Julia I have come to believe that whether we like to cook or not, these same principles apply to just about anything else we undertake. It’s about the awareness we experience, the devotion we apply, and as a result, how we create. Happy cooking — whatever you may be cooking up! Published , and . @BusinessInsider , @HuffingtonPost @FastCompany Also published on . Common Ground Magazine Copyright © 2017 by Faisal Hoque. All rights reserved. I am an . Founder of and other companies. Shadoka enables aspirations to lead, innovate, and transform. Shadoka’s accelerators and solutions bring together the management frameworks, digital platforms, and thought leadership to enable innovation, transformation, entrepreneurship, growth and social impact. entrepreneur and author SHADOKA Author of “ ” (McGraw Hill) and “ ” (Motivational Press). Follow me on Twitter . Everything Connects — How to Transform and Lead in the Age of Creativity, Innovation and Sustainability Survive to Thrive: 27 Practices of Resilient Entrepreneurs, Innovators, and Leaders Faisal Hoque Use the Everything Connects leadership app and Suvvive to Thrive resiliancy app for free.

What Cooking Has Taught Me About Life, Creativity, and Mastery

The Great Barrier Reef in Australia is stunningly beautiful and the largest coral reef in the world, home to an incredible diversity of marine life. Unfortunately, the reef faces threats from crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) that eat coral. To control COTS outbreaks, reef managers use a method called Manta Tow surveys where divers are towed behind a boat, visually assessing sections of the reef. However, this method has limitations in efficiency, data quality, and scalability. To improve COTS surveillance and control, the Great Barrier Reef Foundation started an innovation program. A key part is using underwater cameras to collect reef images and applying AI to detect COTS automatically. To develop the machine learning technology for this video-based surveying at scale, Australia's national science agency . Their goal is to create systems that can accurately and efficiently analyze large volumes of imagery to pinpoint COTS outbreaks across the vast Great Barrier Reef in near real-time. CSIRO has partnered with Google This would greatly assist conservation efforts and help secure the long-term protection of the reef ecosystem. In summary, AI-powered image analysis is being applied to automate detecting crown-of-thorns starfish from footage of the enormous Great Barrier Reef, enabling better monitoring and control at massively increased efficiency and scale to safeguard the reef. The is to accurately identify starfish in real-time by building an object detection model trained on underwater videos of coral reefs. In this blog post, we will build an ML pipeline to analyze the reef’s images and predict the presence and position of crown-of-thorns starfish. goal of this competition We will be using - an Opensource package that uses data-centric AI to clean up the issues in the image data and , , and - used for computer vision tasks like objection detection and image classification. Cleanvision Tensorflow KerasCV YOLOv8 !pip install -q cleanvision keras-cv kaggle As the data size is huge, we are directly using Kaggle to download and run the tutorial. For that, we need to configure your Kaggle creds and give you the appropriate permissions; ! read more here ! cp kaggle.json ~/.kaggle/
! chmod 600 ~/.kaggle/kaggle.json Downloading and Extracting the Kaggle Dataset !kaggle competitions download -c tensorflow-great-barrier-reef !unzip /content/tensorflow-great-barrier-reef.zip Using Cleanvision to Clean Up the Data CleanVision is an open-source data-centric AI package that automatically identifies problematic images that could negatively impact computer vision systems. It scans image datasets and detects common data issues like blur, inadequate lighting, duplicate images, etc. Fixing these problems in the training data is an essential first step before developing machine learning models to ensure their reliability. CleanVision provides a simple unified interface - just run the same few lines of Python code to audit any image collection, regardless of size or origin. This makes it extremely easy to clean dirty image data. By proactively flagging low-quality, duplicates, and other undesirable images upfront, CleanVision helps save significant time and improves outcomes when building computer vision applications. It's a fast way to boost data hygiene as a prerequisite before applying machine learning to image-based tasks. from cleanvision import Imagelab

# Specify path to folder containing the image files in your dataset
imagelab = Imagelab(data_path="train_images/")

# Automatically check for a predefined list of issues within your dataset
imagelab.find_issues()

# Produce a neat report of the issues found in your dataset
imagelab.report() import os
for st in imagelab.info['exact_duplicates']['sets']:
  os.remove(st[0]) Importing Relevant Libraries import pandas as pd
# show images inline
%matplotlib inline

import keras
import tensorflow

# import miscellaneous modules
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2
import os
import numpy as np
import time

import tensorflow as tf Preparing Dataset for Preprocessing We will read the dataset and then preprocess it to be able to use it for model training. We begin by loading the train CSV file and converting the annotations to integer format from the original JSON format. df_train = pd.read_csv("train.csv")

df_train=df_train.loc[df_train["annotations"].astype(str) != "[]"]
df_train['annotations'] = df_train['annotations'].apply(eval)

df_train['image_path'] = "train_images/video_" + df_train['video_id'].astype(str) + "/" + df_train['video_frame'].astype(str) + ".jpg"
df_extrain=df_train.explode('annotations') # Single annotation per row
df_extrain.reset_index(inplace=True)
df_extrain.head() df_extrain_main=pd.DataFrame(pd.json_normalize(df_extrain['annotations']), columns=['x', 'y', 'width', 'height']).join(df_extrain)
df_extrain_main['class']=0
df_extrain_main=df_extrain_main[['image_path','x','y','width','height','class','video_id','video_frame']]
df_extrain_main.head(10) After the CSV processing, we try to split the CSV into a dataset and use the appropriate bounding box format, classes, and image paths to create the preliminary dataset ready to be processed further. def create_tf_example(rowss,data_df):


    xmins = []
    xmaxs = []
    ymins = []
    ymaxs = []

    # Convert ---> [xmin,ymin,width,height] to [xmins,xmaxs,ymins,ymaxs]
    xmin = rowss['x']
    xmax = rowss['x']+rowss['width']
    ymin = rowss['y']
    ymax = rowss['y']+rowss['height']


    #main_data.append((rowss['image_path'],xmins,xmaxs,ymins,ymaxs))
    return rowss['image_path'],xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
paths = []
bboxes = []
classes = []
for index, row in df_extrain_main.iterrows():
            if index % 1000 == 0:
                print('Processed {0} images.'.format(index))
            image_path,xmins,ymins,xmaxs,ymaxs=create_tf_example(row,df_extrain_main)
            paths.append(image_path)
            bboxes.append([[float(xmins),float(ymins),float(xmaxs),float(ymaxs)]])
            classes.append([0]) Here, we are using to create ragged tensors from the and classes lists. A ragged tensor is a type of tensor that can handle varying lengths of data along one or more dimensions. tf.ragged.constant bbox This is useful when dealing with data that has variable-length sequences, such as text or time series data. In this case, the and classes lists have different lengths for each image, depending on the number of objects in the image and the corresponding bounding boxes and classes. To handle this variability, ragged tensors are used instead of regular tensors. bbox Later, these ragged tensors are used to create a using the method. This method creates a dataset from the input tensors by slicing them along the first dimension. tf.data.Dataset from_tensor_slices By using ragged tensors, the dataset can handle varying lengths of data for each image and provide a flexible input pipeline for further processing. bbox = tf.ragged.constant(bboxes)
classes = tf.ragged.constant(classes)
image_paths = tf.ragged.constant(paths)

data = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((image_paths, classes, bbox)) num_val = int(bbox.shape[0] * 0.2)

# Split the dataset into train and validation sets
val_data = data.take(num_val)
train_data = data.skip(num_val) includes pre-trained models for popular computer vision datasets, such as , which can be used for transfer learning. KerasCV also provides a range of visualization tools for inspecting the intermediate representations learned by the model and for visualizing the results of object detection and segmentation tasks. KerasCV ImageNet, COCO, and Pascal VOC In this particular notebook, we are using YOLOV8, so we have to format the dataset which is in a compatible format according to the YOLOV8 model. The bounding box input format should be as follows. bounding_boxes = {
    # num_boxes may be a Ragged dimension
    'boxes': Tensor(shape=[batch, num_boxes, 4]),
    'classes': Tensor(shape=[batch, num_boxes])
} The dictionary has two keys, ' ' and ' ', each of which maps to a TensorFlow or Tensor object. The ' ' Tensor has a shape of , where batch is the number of images in the batch and is the maximum number of bounding boxes in any image. boxes classes RaggedTensor boxes [batch, num_boxes, 4] num_boxes The 4 represents the four values needed to define a bounding box: xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax. The 'classes' Tensor has a shape of , where each element represents the class label for the corresponding bounding box in the ' ' Tensor. The num_boxes dimension may be ragged, which means that the number of boxes may vary across images in the batch. [batch, num_boxes] boxes The final model input looks something like this: {"images": images, "bounding_boxes": bounding_boxes} def load_image(image_path):
    image = tf.io.read_file(image_path)
    image = tf.image.decode_jpeg(image, channels=3)
    return image


def load_dataset(image_path, classes, bbox):
    # Read Image
    image = load_image(image_path)
    bounding_boxes = {
        "classes": tf.cast(classes, dtype=tf.float32),
        "boxes": tf.cast(bbox, dtype=tf.float32),
    }
    return {"images": tf.cast(image, tf.float32), "bounding_boxes": bounding_boxes} Data Augmentation Applying effective data augmentation is critical yet challenging when building object detection models. Transformations like crops, flips, etc. must update the bounding box coordinates correctly. Doing this manually is complex and error-prone. KerasCV provides specialized layers to handle augmentation aware of bounding boxes. It offers a wide range of transformations that automatically adjust bboxes to match the augmented images. This integrated bounding box handling enables easily incorporating powerful augmentation into object detection pipelines with KerasCV. By leveraging tf.data pipelines, the augmentation can be done on-the-fly during training. With KerasCV's robust bbox-aware augmentation capabilities, developers can achieve more diverse and useful training data and improved generalization in object detection models, while avoiding cumbersome manual handling of coordinates. The layers handle that complexity behind the scenes. augmenter = keras.Sequential(
    layers=[
        keras_cv.layers.RandomFlip(mode="horizontal", bounding_box_format="xyxy"),
        keras_cv.layers.RandomShear(
            x_factor=0.2, y_factor=0.2, bounding_box_format="xyxy"
        ),
        keras_cv.layers.JitteredResize(
            target_size=(640, 640), scale_factor=(0.75, 1.3), bounding_box_format="xyxy"
        ),
    ]
)
resizing = keras_cv.layers.JitteredResize(
    target_size=(640, 640),
    scale_factor=(0.75, 1.3),
    bounding_box_format="xyxy",
) Training Dataset With Augmentation We are preparing the training dataset with augmentation for our object detection model. We start by setting the to 4, and then use the function to load the data. batch_size load_dataset Next, we shuffle the data to ensure that our model doesn't overfit on a particular kind of data. We then use the function to batch the data with a fixed size of 4 and drop any remaining data. ragged_batch Finally, we apply the function to the dataset to perform data augmentation, which helps to increase the diversity of the dataset and improve the model's accuracy. augmenter The parameter is set to to allow TensorFlow to dynamically tune the number of parallel calls to improve performance. num_parallel_calls tf.data.AUTOTUNE BATCH_SIZE =4
train_ds = train_data.map(load_dataset, num_parallel_calls=tf.data.AUTOTUNE)
train_ds = train_ds.shuffle(BATCH_SIZE * 4)
train_ds = train_ds.ragged_batch(BATCH_SIZE, drop_remainder=True)
train_ds = train_ds.map(augmenter, num_parallel_calls=tf.data.AUTOTUNE) Validation Dataset In this code block, we are creating a validation dataset by mapping the 'load_dataset' function to the 'val_data' set. This function helps in loading the data from the dataset and preprocessing it for the model. We are also setting 'num_parallel_calls' to 'tf.data.AUTOTUNE' to enable parallelism for faster processing. Next, we are shuffling the validation dataset by a factor of 'BATCH_SIZE * 4' to increase randomness and prevent overfitting. Finally, we are creating a 'ragged_batch' of 'BATCH_SIZE' with 'drop_remainder=True' to ensure that all batches have the same size. This helps in making the model more efficient and consistent during training. val_ds = val_data.map(load_dataset, num_parallel_calls=tf.data.AUTOTUNE)
val_ds = val_ds.shuffle(BATCH_SIZE * 4)
val_ds = val_ds.ragged_batch(BATCH_SIZE, drop_remainder=True) Bounding Box Visualisation We use the library for bounding box visualization. It imports the necessary packages and defines a class mapping for the dataset. The function takes in the dataset inputs and uses the function to display the images with bounding boxes overlaid. You can see that via and datasets. keras_cv visualize_dataset() plot_bounding_box_gallery() train_ds val_ds import keras_cv
from keras_cv import bounding_box
from keras_cv import visualization
class_mapping = {0:'fish'}

def visualize_dataset(inputs, value_range, rows, cols, bounding_box_format):
    inputs = next(iter(inputs.take(1)))
    images, bounding_boxes = inputs["images"], inputs["bounding_boxes"]
    visualization.plot_bounding_box_gallery(
        images,
        value_range=value_range,
        rows=rows,
        cols=cols,
        y_true=bounding_boxes,
        scale=5,
        font_scale=0.7,
        bounding_box_format=bounding_box_format,
        class_mapping=class_mapping,
    )


visualize_dataset(
    train_ds, bounding_box_format="xyxy", value_range=(0, 255), rows=2, cols=2
)

visualize_dataset(
    val_ds, bounding_box_format="xyxy", value_range=(0, 255), rows=2, cols=2
) Next, we unpack the dataset to be able to feed it into the model training function of the Keras API. def dict_to_tuple(inputs):
    return inputs["images"], inputs["bounding_boxes"]


train_ds = train_ds.map(dict_to_tuple, num_parallel_calls=tf.data.AUTOTUNE)
train_ds = train_ds.prefetch(tf.data.AUTOTUNE)

val_ds = val_ds.map(dict_to_tuple, num_parallel_calls=tf.data.AUTOTUNE)
val_ds = val_ds.prefetch(tf.data.AUTOTUNE) Model Building is the newest iteration of the popular YOLO (You Only Look Once) family of models used for computer vision tasks like object detection and image classification. It was created by Ultralytics, building on their previous YOLOv5 model. YOLOv8 Compared to prior versions, YOLOv8 integrates numerous architectural upgrades for improved accuracy and performance. The creators also aimed to enhance the overall developer experience. As the latest release in the industry-leading YOLO lineup, YOLOv8 represents the current state-of-the-art in domains like object detection. It incorporates both algorithmic advances to push the boundaries of CV capability and usability improvements for practitioners. Keras-CV offers multiple models- , , , , and . For this example, we choose the backbone and load it with the pre-trained weights. YOLOV8 YOLOv8n YOLOv8s YOLOv8m YOLOv8l YOLOv8x YOLOV8s coco Next, we build a model using the which accepts a feature extractor as the backbone argument, a num_classes argument that specifies the number of object classes to detect based on the size of the class_mapping list, a bounding_box_format argument that informs the model of the format of the bbox in the dataset, and finally, the feature pyramid network (FPN) depth is specified by the argument. YOLOV8 YOLOV8Detector fpn_depth backbone = keras_cv.models.YOLOV8Backbone.from_preset(
    "yolo_v8_s_backbone_coco"  # We will use yolov8 small backbone with coco weights
)
yolo = keras_cv.models.YOLOV8Detector(
    num_classes=1,
    bounding_box_format="xyxy",
    backbone=backbone,
    fpn_depth=1,
) Compiling the Model The training process of a YOLOv8 model involves the use of two types of losses - classification loss and box loss. The classification loss measures the difference between the predicted class probabilities and the true class probabilities for each detected object. Binary cross entropy loss is utilized in this case, as each detected item either belongs to a particular class or does not. This loss function helps optimize the model for accurate object classification. On the other hand, the box loss calculates the dissimilarity between the predicted bounding boxes and the ground truth boxes. YOLOv8 uses Complete IoU (CIoU) instead of basic IoU for box loss calculation. CIoU considers additional factors like the boxes' aspect ratio, center distance, and scale. This helps better represent box similarity by looking at more box attributes beyond just overlap. By jointly optimizing for object classification and precise localization during training, the classification and box losses help YOLOv8 generate highly accurate object detection by minimizing discrepancies between outputs and label data across classes and bounding box coordinates. optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam(
    learning_rate=10e-3,
)

yolo.compile(
    optimizer=optimizer, classification_loss="binary_crossentropy", box_loss="ciou"
) Training the Model During each epoch, the model iteratively adjusts its parameters to minimize the difference between its predicted output and the actual output. This process helps the model learn how to accurately detect crown-of-thorns starfish in the underwater videos of coral reefs. The number of epochs can be adjusted based on the training dataset size, complexity of the model, and desired accuracy. After training, the model can be used to predict the presence and position of starfish in real-time, helping researchers and conservationists monitor and control COTS outbreaks more efficiently and effectively. yolo.fit(
    train_ds,
    epochs=3,
) Conclusion The integration of , , , and in this project exemplifies the power and versatility of AI in environmental conservation, particularly for the Great Barrier Reef. Cleanvision TensorFlow KerasCV YOLOv8 By leveraging the strengths of these advanced tools, we've developed a robust model capable of accurately identifying crown-of-thorns starfish in complex underwater environments. This not only marks a significant step forward in protecting one of the world's natural wonders but also demonstrates the immense potential of AI in addressing ecological challenges.

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