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Three months ago we held a vigil for the death of the cryptocurrency bull market. Last month, my portfolio went up by 50%. What a wild ride. HodlBot While this volatility doesn’t bother long-term HODLers like myself, price instability is a large barrier to mass-adoption of cryptocurrency. It’s hard to use crypto to pay for stuff, when prices can fluctuate 20% day-to-day. Stablecoins —the holy grail of cryptocurrency Stablecoins claim to achieve price stability by pegging their own prices to stable assets like the USD. The promise of stability has led many to call stablecoins the “holy grail of cryptocurrencies”. Despite the praise, history has taught us over and over that currency pegs can break, and cause wide-spread catastrophe when they do. To name a few: 1994 Mexican peso crisis 1997 Asian financial crisis 1998 Russian financial crisis Argentine great depression Pegging cryptocurrencies is dangerous. And it is a great irony that we do not recognize the stability stablecoins offer is just as elusive as . Chrétien de Troyes’s holy grail In this article, I will demonstrate the weaknesses and dangers of each of the 3 categories of stablecoins while providing poignant real life examples. Inspired by Haseeb Stablecoins backed by Real World Collateral Stablecoins backed by real world collateral are simply a digital representation of fiat currencies or valuable commodities like gold. is an example of stablecoin backed by real-world collateral. It is owned and operated by , one of the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchanges. USDT claims to keep $1 USD on reserve for every unit of USD Tether issued. They also claim that Tethers are redeemable for USD on a 1:1 basis. USD Tether (USDT) Bitfinex Major Weaknesses While this seems like a great way to achieve price stability, there are some major weaknesses to this approach. We need to trust that the issuer will act honestly and not under-collateralize the digital assets issued.We need frequent professional audits to prove that the collateral is there because real world assets are not visible on the blockchain.Because collateral is not transparent, the stablecoin is weak to speculation and false rumours about how it is not sufficiently backed.There are many regulatory hoops to jump through when converting tokens for real-world assets. Barriers to convertibility makes the token less valuable. The USDT Controversy USDT is being accused by the cryptocurrency community of minting tethers not backed by USD, and critics have demanded independent audits to verify USDT’s integrity. So far, the situation does not look great. USDT’s r after Freidman asked for additional information that USDT was not willing to provide. elations with their original auditor, Friedman LLP, deteriorated Recently, have been released implicating USDT in fraud. Currently they are seeking another auditor to validate their records which , a harsh critic of USDT, claims to be just a stalling tactic. damning audio recordings Bitfinex’ed Impact of USDT Fraud on Cryptocurrency Market Many think USDT fraud would only impact a small part of the total cryptocurrency market cap. But . Given that USDT is effectively one method of fiat-inflow, every USDT used to purchase cryptocurrency increases the overall market cap by $50. JP Morgan estimates a 1:50 ratio between fiat-inflow and market cap If fake USDT are issued, then worthless USDT is being used to artificially prop a significant portion of the entire cryptocurrency market. Once the fraud becomes clear, the market goes boom. Credit to for the inspiration u/arsonbunny Here’s how /u/arsonbunny sees the collapse: Tether-enabled exchanges will see a massive spike in Bitcoin and cryptocurrency prices as everyone leaves Tether. Noobs in these exchanges will think they are now millionaires until they realize they are rich in tethers but poor in dollars.Exchanges that have not integrated Tether will experience large drops in Bitcoin and altcoins as experienced investors flee crypto into USD.There will be a flight of Bitcoin from Tether-integrated exchanges to non-Tether exchanges with fiat off-ramps. Exchanges running small fractional reserves will be exposed, further increasing calls for greater reserves requirements.The exchanges might slam the doors shut on withdrawals.Many exchanges that own large balances of Tether, especially Bitfinex, will likely become insolvent. Scary right? USDT is an example of what can happen when investors blindly place their trust in stablecoins to hold the correct amount of collateral. Let’s not forget the purpose of cryptocurrency is to move away from this kind of centralization. Stablecoins backed by Cryptocurrency Collateral So now that we’ve seen how stablecoins backed by real world assets have trust issues, let’s turn our attention to stablecoins that use cryptocurrency as collateral. How they work This category of stablecoins claims to achieve price stability by over-collateralizing cryptocurrency against the issued tokens. For example, if we wanted to create a stablecoin that is backed by Ethereum, we’d issue 1 stablecoin worth $1 that is in turn collateralized by $2 of Ethereum (as opposed to 1 USD) . If ETH falls by 50%, our stablecoin would absorb the shock and still be valued at $1. These stablecoins don’t have the same trust issues because they can prove that the assets in reserve are locked up in smart contracts on the blockchain. However, they are much more vulnerable to price shocks than their fiat-commodity counterparts. If the backed collateral were to crash hard enough, which is very possible in a volatile cryptocurrency market, price-stability would shatter. Major Weaknesses Not capital efficient. Requires a ratio of collateral to stablecoin >1:1Only stable when cryptocurrency prices move in a neutral or positive directionFragile to major price shocks that causes sell-offs and a broken pegWhile transparent in the assets that are being held, they are opaque how they actually work and are affected by the market. Their short-comings are disguised by technical white-papers. They are wolves in sheep’s clothing. BitUSD — A Cautionary Tale BitUSD, a stablecoin created in 2013, exemplifies the weaknesses found in this model. Pegs, like promises, are meant to be broken Warning: this model is pretty complex and its shortcomings are disguised by fancy jargon. We’ll need to make an effort if we want to uncover the wolf in sheep’s clothing. Rather than making myself sick explaining how BitUSD works, I’m going to let take this one. He does a good job explaining it in plain English: Christopher Georgen Suppose that Alice wishes to create $1.00 worth of bitUSD (1 bitUSD).To do so, she must lock away $1.00 worth of Bitshares (the company’s own issued cryptocurrency) plus some excess collateral amount to ensure that she has enough Bitshares locked away even if the price relative to USD drops.Once she has locked away this total amount, she receives 1 bitUSD from the BitShares network.Alice now sells this 1 bitUSD to Bob for $1.05 worth of Bitshares. Alice insists on charging Bob more than $1.00 because her collateral is at risk should the bitUSD/Bitshares price shift.Bob can redeem the 1 bitUSD he holds by submitting this request to the BitShares network. In such an event, an open market position with the least-collateral is forced to accept Bob’s bitUSD in exchange for an amount of Bitshares determined by the current price. Do you see the glaring problem? If the price of Bitshares always rises, then everything is fine. The collateral gains in value relative to issued token so it can always cover what is owed. But when prices start moving downwards fast enough, the excess, but now devalued collateral held by the least-collateralized position is not enough to cover what is owed. What happens thereafter: The collateral evaporates faster than gasolineMaintaining the peg is impossible. It’s going to break.A massive sell-off is triggered and the entire speculative bubble around BTSX goes poof.meirl trying to explain BitUSD — It’s a Fugazi MakerDAO Dai — Not so Stable Either MakerDAO’s “DAI” stablecoin is breaking did such a good job explaining BitUSD I’ll let him explain Dai too. Christopher Georgen Suppose that Alice wishes to create $1.00 worth of Dai (1 Dai).To do so, she must lock away $1.00 worth of ether, plus a specified amount of excess collateral, determined so that the position is collateralized above the .Once she has locked away her collateral, she receives 1 Dai from the Dai system.Alice now sells this 1 Dai to Bob for $1.05 worth of ether. Alice insists on charging Bob more than $1.00 because her collateral is at risk and she must also pay a mandatory . liquidation ratio stability fee Like with BitUSD, everything is kosher when prices go up. But when ETH prices go down, MakerDAO starts liquidating ETH collateral in anticipation so the value of Ether backing Dai doesn’t go below 1:1. In mild price downturns this is fine. But black swan crashes happen fast and they don’t give you time to recover. In market meltdowns, selling ETH to liquidate Dai would actually contribute to . driving the price down faster MakerDAO has a contingency plan for this. The community of MakerDAO MKR token holders will bailout DAI as a buyer of last resort. Not to underestimate the MakerDAO community, but I really doubt any such community can stand against a torrent of sell-orders in a market crash. Trying to maintain the peg during a market sell-offStablecoins Without Collateral Now that we’ve already examined the 2 categories of stablecoins that require collateral, maybe you’re thinking: “what if we don’t need any collateral for a stablecoin?”. What if people just believe that the price should always go to $1, so they resolves discrepancies in the market through arbitrage? After all, fiat currencies are not backed by anything and they work. Well my friend, we’ve made it to the final category of stablecoins and perhaps the most misunderstood: stablecoins without collateral. We must go deeper How does it work We issue a currency that has only one mandate: it should trade at $1.We ensure the $1 trading price by controlling the monetary supply.If the price goes to $2, we increase the monetary supply by minting new tokens to reduce the price back to $1.If the price goes to $0.5, we reduce the monetary supply by buying back tokens to bring the price back to $1. It is always possible to mint new tokens and increase the monetary supply. But, there is a limit to how many tokens we can buy back because we don’t have infinite money. For this reason when prices go below $1, non-collateralized stablecoins typically issue a bond that can be purchased for 1 coin. This bond is then redeemable in the future for $1 when the price of the coin goes back up. Although it sounds like a fair solution, participants are only incentivized to purchase the bonds if they believe that the price of the coin will go up in the future. And in order to do that, there must be new entrants and net new inflow to subsidize the profit-taking of bond holders. Like we’ve seen before, stablecoins that only work when the market goes in a positive direction, tend to be not very stable at all. Weaknesses Participants are only properly incentivized when the price goes upRequires inflows > outflows and a continuous stream of new buyers to maintain its pegExtremely vulnerable to crash — no collateral to back anything upOpaque system that is weaker to speculation because it is difficult to ascertain its true stabilityShortcomings disguised by fancy whitepapers Basecoin — A Proposed Solution to Stablecoins Without Collateral Basecoin attempts to peg its price to 1 USD without the use of any collateral by controlling the money supply. In order to do so, they issue two different kinds of tokens Base BondsBase Shares Base Shares are issued to early-adopters of Basecoin. When the price of Basecoin is above $1, new Basecoins are paid to Base Share holders as dividends. Newly minted Basecoins are then sold on the open market, increasing total monetary supply and bringing the price back down to $1. When the price is below $1, Base Bonds are sold on the market for Basecoin. The bonds cost 1 Base Coin each and come with the promise to repay the bond holder $1 when the price of Basecoin goes back to the peg. The Basecoins used to buy these bonds are taken out of circulation and reduce the monetary supply, bringing the price back up to $1. While this sounds fine and dandy, both Base Share and Base Bond holders are only properly incentivized when the demand and price of Basecoin goes up. After all who would want Base Shares if new coins are never minted? Who would want Base Bonds if they are never repaid with $1 Basecoins? Token holders need to be able to take profits, or at least believe that they can. Otherwise they don’t have a reason to want Base Shares and Base Bonds. For this to happen, they they need to be able to sell their assets to new entrants. The new entrants then need to find even more noobs, and on and on it goes. No wonder that critics say Basecoin looks like a pyramid scheme. Like DAI and Bitshares, everything works when the market goes up, but going downwards is a precarious fall. When prices slip under $1 and there are too few bonds being purchased and not enough new entrants, the only way to keep the peg is to for insiders to simulate demand by making large artificial buys. But at some point, it becomes too expensive to subsidize the difference what Basecoin think the price should be vs. what the market thinks the price should be. And as a result, the peg breaks. My prediction for Basecoin — a broken peg Parting Thoughts — The Antifragility of Complex Systems Although I appreciate the sentiment towards building a price-stable cryptocurrency, I’m just dubious about forcing volatile markets to be stable through man-made efforts. Markets are complex systems that thrive on volatility. When we try to artificially repress natural movements, we are mistaking a complex system that does not respond linearly to inputs, for a simple one that does. The Cat and the Washing Machine from the book Antifragile illustrates the difference complex systems vs. simple man-made systems. In the short-term we are able to achieve some artificial stability as long as market participants play along. But stablecoins claim to be stable, forever. And that is a promise that cannot be kept. If the history of markets have taught us anything it is that: the market will always decide what the price of something should be, rather than the other way around. Maybe the answer to price-stability is one we don’t want to hear. And that is price stability can only come with time when more real life uses emerge for cryptocurrency. Rather than stablecoins, perhaps that is the holy grail we should all be searching for instead. About the Author I’m the founder of hodlbot.io We automatically diversify and rebalance your cryptocurrency portfolio into the top 20 coins by market cap. You can read more about our methodology . here We ignore all stablecoins even if they are within the top 20 coins by market cap because we believe they are not a worthwhile long-term investment . The short-term stability they offer, comes with the risks as I have aforementioned.

The Instability of Stablecoins

How to Avoid the Null Trap in Privilege Mode Drivers TL;DR: Using null pointers in critical code can crash your system Problems Memory access violation
Unpredictable behavior
Null Pointer Dereference
Unexpected program termination
System instability
No healing/recovery strategy
Security Risk Solutions Avoid using NULLs
Use address sanitizers
Make controlled releases to mission-critical software
Create better rollback strategies instead of BSOD
Use Smart Pointers: Manage memory automatically and avoid null pointers with smart pointers
Create self-healing software.
Apply defensive programming
Improve your QA tests before deploying to production. Context When you use nulls in a privileged driver, you risk causing serious issues. Privilege mode drivers run with high permissions, and if you use a null pointer, the system might try to access an invalid memory address. For example, trying to read from address 0x9c (156) or using 0x0 as a special value can lead to critical errors. You can't just abort the program in privileged mode, so you must handle these cases carefully. In privileged drivers, null pointer usage poses significant risks. You can mitigate these risks using modern C++ features like std::optional. This problem caused one of the worst software blackouts in 2024. Sample Code Wrong // This case is not exactly what happened with Crowdstrike
// It is here for illustration purposes
void* get_data() {
  if (data_available) {
    return data_ptr;  // This could be null!
  } else {
    // Uh oh, what if data_ptr is null here?
    return NULL;  
    // Using Null to indicate no data
    // knowing Null is schizophrenic
  }
}

int process_data(void* data) {
  if (data != NULL) { 
    // Maybe a null check, but not guaranteed!
    // Accessing data... (crash if data is Null)
    return *data;
  }
  // No check? Silent failure or unexpected behavior.
  return -1;
} Right // You should ideally replace the null with a polymorphic call
// You can see the technique in related articles

std::unique_ptr<int> get_data() { 
  if (data_available) {
    return std::make_unique<int>(data_value);
  } else {
    return nullptr;  // Explicitly return nullptr
  }
}

int process_data(const std::unique_ptr<int>& data) {
  if (data) { // Check for valid pointer
    return *data;
  } else {
    // Handle no data case (e.g., return default value)
    return 0;
  }
} Important Notes About this Code Smell Detection [x]Semi-Automatic You can detect this smell by checking for null pointer usage in critical parts of your code. Look for functions that process pointers and see if they handle null pointers safely. Human code reviews are good for checking this kind of problem. Tags Null Level [x]Advanced /AI Generation AI generators can sometimes produce this smell, especially if they generate code without context about the environment where the code will run. AI generators are fed with code with NULL usage even though his creator told us to avoid it altogether. AI Detection AI tools can detect this smell with specific instructions. AI can be trained to identify code patterns. Teaching it the nuances of privileged driver development and null safety best practices might require more advanced techniques. Use static analysis tools to flag null pointer dereferences. Conclusion Voyager 1's software has been running for more than 50 years. It was designed to be robust, reliable, and redundant which is sadly uncommon in some immature systems in 2024. Avoid using null pointers in privileged mode drivers. I have written a book on clean code and a whole chapter #15 on how to avoid NULL and all the consequences it carries. Hopefully, Crowdstrike engineers will read it! Related Code Smells Code Smell 12 - Null Code Smell 126 - Fake Null Object Code Smell 208 - Null Island Further Reading https://hackernoon.com/null-the-billion-dollar-mistake-8t5z32d6?embedable=true https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer?embedable=true https://x.com/perpetualmaniac/status/1814376668095754753?embedable=true Disclaimer: Code Smells are my opinion. I couldn't resist the temptation to put in a null reference, simply because it was so easy to implement. This has led to innumerable errors, vulnerabilities, and system crashes, which have probably caused a billion dollars of pain and damage in the last forty years. Tony Hoare https://hackernoon.com/400-thought-provoking-software-engineering-quotes?embedable=true This article is part of the CodeSmell Series on HackerNoon. https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-i-xqz3evd?embedable=true How to Avoid the Null Trap in Privilege Mode Drivers TL;DR: Using null pointers in critical code can crash your system TL;DR: Using null pointers in critical code can crash your system Problems Memory access violation Unpredictable behavior Null Pointer Dereference Unexpected program termination System instability No healing/recovery strategy Security Risk Memory access violation Unpredictable behavior Null Pointer Dereference Unexpected program termination System instability No healing/recovery strategy Security Risk Solutions Avoid using NULLs Use address sanitizers Make controlled releases to mission-critical software Create better rollback strategies instead of BSOD Use Smart Pointers: Manage memory automatically and avoid null pointers with smart pointers Create self-healing software. Apply defensive programming Improve your QA tests before deploying to production. Avoid using NULLs NULLs Use address sanitizers address sanitizers Make controlled releases to mission-critical software Create better rollback strategies instead of BSOD BSOD Use Smart Pointers: Manage memory automatically and avoid null pointers with smart pointers Create self-healing software. Apply defensive programming Improve your QA tests before deploying to production. Context When you use nulls in a privileged driver, you risk causing serious issues. Privilege mode drivers run with high permissions, and if you use a null pointer, the system might try to access an invalid memory address. For example, trying to read from address 0x9c (156) or using 0x0 as a special value can lead to critical errors. You can't just abort the program in privileged mode, so you must handle these cases carefully. In privileged drivers, null pointer usage poses significant risks. You can mitigate these risks using modern C++ features like std::optional . std::optional This problem caused one of the worst software blackouts in 2024. This problem Sample Code Wrong // This case is not exactly what happened with Crowdstrike
// It is here for illustration purposes
void* get_data() {
  if (data_available) {
    return data_ptr;  // This could be null!
  } else {
    // Uh oh, what if data_ptr is null here?
    return NULL;  
    // Using Null to indicate no data
    // knowing Null is schizophrenic
  }
}

int process_data(void* data) {
  if (data != NULL) { 
    // Maybe a null check, but not guaranteed!
    // Accessing data... (crash if data is Null)
    return *data;
  }
  // No check? Silent failure or unexpected behavior.
  return -1;
} // This case is not exactly what happened with Crowdstrike
// It is here for illustration purposes
void* get_data() {
  if (data_available) {
    return data_ptr;  // This could be null!
  } else {
    // Uh oh, what if data_ptr is null here?
    return NULL;  
    // Using Null to indicate no data
    // knowing Null is schizophrenic
  }
}

int process_data(void* data) {
  if (data != NULL) { 
    // Maybe a null check, but not guaranteed!
    // Accessing data... (crash if data is Null)
    return *data;
  }
  // No check? Silent failure or unexpected behavior.
  return -1;
} Right // You should ideally replace the null with a polymorphic call
// You can see the technique in related articles

std::unique_ptr<int> get_data() { 
  if (data_available) {
    return std::make_unique<int>(data_value);
  } else {
    return nullptr;  // Explicitly return nullptr
  }
}

int process_data(const std::unique_ptr<int>& data) {
  if (data) { // Check for valid pointer
    return *data;
  } else {
    // Handle no data case (e.g., return default value)
    return 0;
  }
} // You should ideally replace the null with a polymorphic call
// You can see the technique in related articles

std::unique_ptr<int> get_data() { 
  if (data_available) {
    return std::make_unique<int>(data_value);
  } else {
    return nullptr;  // Explicitly return nullptr
  }
}

int process_data(const std::unique_ptr<int>& data) {
  if (data) { // Check for valid pointer
    return *data;
  } else {
    // Handle no data case (e.g., return default value)
    return 0;
  }
} Important Notes About this Code Smell Detection [x]Semi-Automatic [x] Semi-Automatic [x] You can detect this smell by checking for null pointer usage in critical parts of your code. Look for functions that process pointers and see if they handle null pointers safely. Human code reviews are good for checking this kind of problem. Tags Null Null Level [x]Advanced [x] Advanced [x] /AI Generation AI generators can sometimes produce this smell, especially if they generate code without context about the environment where the code will run. AI generators are fed with code with NULL usage even though his creator told us to avoid it altogether. his creator told us AI Detection AI tools can detect this smell with specific instructions. AI can be trained to identify code patterns. Teaching it the nuances of privileged driver development and null safety best practices might require more advanced techniques. Use static analysis tools to flag null pointer dereferences. Conclusion Voyager 1's software has been running for more than 50 years. It was designed to be robust, reliable, and redundant which is sadly uncommon in some immature systems in 2024. Avoid using null pointers in privileged mode drivers. I have written a book on clean code and a whole chapter #15 on how to avoid NULL and all the consequences it carries. clean code #15 Hopefully, Crowdstrike engineers will read it! Related Code Smells Code Smell 12 - Null Code Smell 12 - Null Code Smell 126 - Fake Null Object Code Smell 126 - Fake Null Object Code Smell 208 - Null Island Code Smell 208 - Null Island Further Reading https://hackernoon.com/null-the-billion-dollar-mistake-8t5z32d6?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/null-the-billion-dollar-mistake-8t5z32d6?embedable=true https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer?embedable=true https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizer?embedable=true https://x.com/perpetualmaniac/status/1814376668095754753?embedable=true https://x.com/perpetualmaniac/status/1814376668095754753?embedable=true Disclaimer: Code Smells are my opinion. Disclaimer: Code Smells are my opinion. Disclaimer: Code Smells are my opinion . opinion I couldn't resist the temptation to put in a null reference, simply because it was so easy to implement. This has led to innumerable errors, vulnerabilities, and system crashes, which have probably caused a billion dollars of pain and damage in the last forty years. I couldn't resist the temptation to put in a null reference, simply because it was so easy to implement. This has led to innumerable errors, vulnerabilities, and system crashes, which have probably caused a billion dollars of pain and damage in the last forty years. Tony Hoare Tony Hoare https://hackernoon.com/400-thought-provoking-software-engineering-quotes?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/400-thought-provoking-software-engineering-quotes?embedable=true This article is part of the CodeSmell Series on HackerNoon. This article is part of the CodeSmell Series on HackerNoon. https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-i-xqz3evd?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-i-xqz3evd?embedable=true

Code Smell 260 - Crowdstrike NULL

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly changing our reality, penetrating all spheres of life and radically transforming work processes. In 2024, AI implementation will become not just a trend but a necessity for business survival and prosperity. But what does it mean for employees and companies? Let's look at the key trends and see how AI is already shaping the performance capacities of tomorrow. AI and workplace transformation AI seamlessly integrates with automation and innovation, streamlining routine tasks and unlocking new realms of creativity and development. Imagine a future office where AI assistants manage calendars, organize meetings, and analyze data. These technologies, such as Google Assistant and Microsoft Cortana, are already in active use. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) and smart assistants are essential to modern workflows. Software robots handle repetitive tasks, from data processing to managing customer inquiries, freeing human resources for more strategic and creative endeavors. AI assistants, like chatbots, are increasingly common, helping employees with routine tasks and boosting productivity. The 2023 McKinsey report "Generative AI and the Future of Work in America" explores the impact of generative AI across various economic sectors. The study reveals that up to 30% of working hours could be automated by 2030 due to generative AI, offering immense opportunities for businesses to enhance efficiency and work quality significantly. Employee expectations and new skills demand As AI evolves, so do employee expectations. To remain competitive, employees must adapt and acquire new skills. Companies are increasingly offering courses and training to enhance employees' abilities in AI and data analysis. This not only boosts productivity but also motivates employees, providing them with confidence in the future. IBM exemplifies this approach through its IBM SkillsBuild platform, which offers free AI courses and certifications. This investment in employees highlights how major companies recognize that the future is intertwined with AI. New professional roles, such as AI strategists, AI ethicists, and AI solution developers, are emerging. These professions will be in high demand in the coming years, and those who acquire the necessary skills will be at the forefront of the technological revolution. AI enhances the efficiency of remote work by analyzing productivity and optimizing working conditions. For instance, Microsoft employs AI to monitor working hours and identify the most productive times for each employee. Additionally, AI helps develop personalized work plans based on individual preferences and strengths, leading to higher employee satisfaction and retention. Ethical and social challenges The introduction of AI brings both opportunities and challenges that require careful consideration and responsible management. Ensuring that AI algorithms are fair and non-discriminatory based on gender, age, or race is crucial. A notable example of poor configuration is the incident with Microsoft's AI bot launched in February 2024, which quickly began creating and distributing racist and offensive images due to user manipulation and false learning, leading to the promotion of hatred and discrimination. Studies have shown that algorithms can reproduce biases present in the data they are trained on. Therefore, it is essential to regularly check and adjust them to maintain fairness and transparency. Additionally, the introduction of AI raises concerns among employees about potential job loss due to automation. People fear that machines may replace their jobs, leading to increased unemployment and social instability. Companies need to invest in retraining and upskilling programs to help employees adapt to the new environment and retain their jobs. According to the World Economic Forum's "The Future of Jobs Report" for 2020 and 2023, 85 million jobs are expected to be replaced by automation and technological changes. However, they also report that 97 million new jobs will be created as humans, machines, and algorithms increasingly interact. This presents incredible opportunities for those willing to learn and adapt. Cybersecurity and AI: New Challenges AI also introduces significant cybersecurity challenges. Companies utilizing AI must prioritize protecting employee and customer data from leaks and misuse. This involves implementing multi-factor authentication, data encryption, and continuous network activity monitoring with AI tools to detect and prevent cyber threats early on. Data processed by AI can be stored in either local (on-premises) libraries or cloud (online) services. On-premises solutions offer more control over data but require substantial resources for maintenance and protection. Conversely, cloud solutions provide greater flexibility and scalability, but necessitate a careful approach to security management. For instance, in January 2024, OpenAI experienced a data breach due to a bug in the open-source Redis library. This bug allowed users to access some data of other active users, including names, addresses, and partial credit card details. Although the breach was caused by an accidental vulnerability rather than intentional actions, the incident underscored the importance of robust data protection and swift responses to cyber threats. To learn more about how AI is assisting companies in managing data and related challenges, you can read my upcoming article, "The Role of AI in the Future of Business Management." Key AI Trends In the Future of the Workplace AI technologies are evolving rapidly, and several key trends are emerging that will shape the future of work. Integrating AI with other technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain, to create smart and autonomous systems is becoming increasingly common. AI, which is capable of understanding and analyzing natural language, is transforming into a powerful business tool. It aids not only in data analysis but also in strategic decision-making, enhancing overall business processes. AI is becoming an integral part of corporate strategy, driving innovation and improving efficiency. Companies that effectively integrate AI into their culture will gain a competitive edge over others. To sum up AI is not just a tool but a powerful catalyst for change, shaping the future of work and production capacity. Companies and employees must prepare for this challenge by developing new skills and adapting to evolving conditions. AI offers enormous opportunities for those ready to embrace and leverage them. Don't miss the chance to be part of this revolution. Start learning AI today, invest in training, and stay ahead to face the future with confidence. Share your thoughts and experiences in the comments, and let's discuss how AI is transforming our world and how we can harness its potential for good. Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly changing our reality, penetrating all spheres of life and radically transforming work processes. In 2024, AI implementation will become not just a trend but a necessity for business survival and prosperity. But what does it mean for employees and companies? Let's look at the key trends and see how AI is already shaping the performance capacities of tomorrow. Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly changing our reality, penetrating all spheres of life and radically transforming work processes. In 2024, AI implementation will become not just a trend but a necessity for business survival and prosperity. But what does it mean for employees and companies? Let's look at the key trends and see how AI is already shaping the performance capacities of tomorrow. AI and workplace transformation AI and workplace transformation AI seamlessly integrates with automation and innovation, streamlining routine tasks and unlocking new realms of creativity and development. Imagine a future office where AI assistants manage calendars, organize meetings, and analyze data. These technologies, such as Google Assistant and Microsoft Cortana, are already in active use. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) and smart assistants are essential to modern workflows. Software robots handle repetitive tasks, from data processing to managing customer inquiries, freeing human resources for more strategic and creative endeavors. AI assistants, like chatbots, are increasingly common, helping employees with routine tasks and boosting productivity. The 2023 McKinsey report "Generative AI and the Future of Work in America" explores the impact of generative AI across various economic sectors. The study reveals that up to 30% of working hours could be automated by 2030 due to generative AI, offering immense opportunities for businesses to enhance efficiency and work quality significantly. Employee expectations and new skills demand As AI evolves, so do employee expectations. To remain competitive, employees must adapt and acquire new skills. Companies are increasingly offering courses and training to enhance employees' abilities in AI and data analysis. This not only boosts productivity but also motivates employees, providing them with confidence in the future. IBM exemplifies this approach through its IBM SkillsBuild platform, which offers free AI courses and certifications. This investment in employees highlights how major companies recognize that the future is intertwined with AI. New professional roles, such as AI strategists, AI ethicists, and AI solution developers, are emerging. These professions will be in high demand in the coming years, and those who acquire the necessary skills will be at the forefront of the technological revolution. AI enhances the efficiency of remote work by analyzing productivity and optimizing working conditions. For instance, Microsoft employs AI to monitor working hours and identify the most productive times for each employee. Additionally, AI helps develop personalized work plans based on individual preferences and strengths, leading to higher employee satisfaction and retention. Ethical and social challenges The introduction of AI brings both opportunities and challenges that require careful consideration and responsible management. Ensuring that AI algorithms are fair and non-discriminatory based on gender, age, or race is crucial. A notable example of poor configuration is the incident with Microsoft's AI bot launched in February 2024, which quickly began creating and distributing racist and offensive images due to user manipulation and false learning, leading to the promotion of hatred and discrimination. Studies have shown that algorithms can reproduce biases present in the data they are trained on. Therefore, it is essential to regularly check and adjust them to maintain fairness and transparency. Additionally, the introduction of AI raises concerns among employees about potential job loss due to automation. People fear that machines may replace their jobs, leading to increased unemployment and social instability. Companies need to invest in retraining and upskilling programs to help employees adapt to the new environment and retain their jobs. According to the World Economic Forum's " The Future of Jobs Report " for 2020 and 2023 , 85 million jobs are expected to be replaced by automation and technological changes. However, they also report that 97 million new jobs will be created as humans, machines, and algorithms increasingly interact. This presents incredible opportunities for those willing to learn and adapt. The Future of Jobs Report The Future of Jobs Report 2023 2023 Cybersecurity and AI: New Challenges AI also introduces significant cybersecurity challenges. Companies utilizing AI must prioritize protecting employee and customer data from leaks and misuse. This involves implementing multi-factor authentication, data encryption, and continuous network activity monitoring with AI tools to detect and prevent cyber threats early on. Data processed by AI can be stored in either local (on-premises) libraries or cloud (online) services. On-premises solutions offer more control over data but require substantial resources for maintenance and protection. Conversely, cloud solutions provide greater flexibility and scalability, but necessitate a careful approach to security management. For instance, in January 2024, OpenAI experienced a data breach due to a bug in the open-source Redis library. This bug allowed users to access some data of other active users, including names, addresses, and partial credit card details. Although the breach was caused by an accidental vulnerability rather than intentional actions, the incident underscored the importance of robust data protection and swift responses to cyber threats. To learn more about how AI is assisting companies in managing data and related challenges, you can read my upcoming article, "The Role of AI in the Future of Business Management." Key AI Trends In the Future of the Workplace AI technologies are evolving rapidly, and several key trends are emerging that will shape the future of work. Integrating AI with other technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain, to create smart and autonomous systems is becoming increasingly common. AI, which is capable of understanding and analyzing natural language, is transforming into a powerful business tool. It aids not only in data analysis but also in strategic decision-making, enhancing overall business processes. AI is becoming an integral part of corporate strategy, driving innovation and improving efficiency. Companies that effectively integrate AI into their culture will gain a competitive edge over others. To sum up AI is not just a tool but a powerful catalyst for change, shaping the future of work and production capacity. Companies and employees must prepare for this challenge by developing new skills and adapting to evolving conditions. AI offers enormous opportunities for those ready to embrace and leverage them. Don't miss the chance to be part of this revolution. Start learning AI today, invest in training, and stay ahead to face the future with confidence. Share your thoughts and experiences in the comments, and let's discuss how AI is transforming our world and how we can harness its potential for good.

The AI Train is Leaving: Are You Onboard?

The Chosen One: Consistent Characters in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models: References

Apache DolphinScheduler is a distributed, decentralized big data workflow scheduling system that supports big data task scheduling. To set DolphinScheduler to start automatically upon system boot, you typically need to configure it as a system service. The following are general steps, which may vary depending on your operating system: Linux System Create a system service file: Edit a file named dolphinscheduler.service, usually placed in the /etc/systemd/system/directory. Fill in the service file according to your DolphinScheduler installation path and configuration. Example: [Unit]
Description=DolphinScheduler Service
After=network.target
[Service]
type=exec
ExecStart=/opt/module/dolphinscheduler/bin/start-all.sh
ExecStop=/opt/module/dolphinscheduler/bin/stop-all.sh
RemainAfterExit=yes
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target 2. Start the service, and set it to start on boot: Use the systemctl command to start the service, and enable it to start on boot: systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start dolphinscheduler.service
systemctl enable dolphinscheduler.service 3. Verify the service status: Check the service status using the following command: systemctl status dolphinscheduler.service Windows System Create a batch file: Create a batch file (e.g., start-dolphinscheduler.bat) to start DolphinScheduler.


Add the command to start DolphinScheduler in the batch file. 2. Add the batch file to the Startup folder: Place the batch file in the Startup folder to run automatically when the system boots. Press Win + R to open the Run dialog. Type shell:startup to open the Startup folder. Drag and drop the batch file into the Startup folder. 3. Restart Verification: Restart the computer to check if DolphinScheduler starts with the system. Please note that the above steps may need to be adjusted based on your specific environment and the DolphinScheduler version. Ensure you have sufficient permissions and a good understanding of system services to avoid potential service conflicts or system instability. If the DolphinScheduler service briefly shows as green (indicating the service is running) after restarting and then changes to a non-green state (typically indicating the service is no longer running), but the related processes are still running, this may be because the service manager (systemd) thinks the service has stopped because it does not detect a continuously running main process. This situation usually occurs in the following cases: Service Script Issues: If the service script (start-all.sh) completes without keeping any process running in the background, systemd will think the service has stopped.


Incorrect Service Type Configuration: In the systemd service file, the Type configuration may need to be corrected. If the service is set to simple, it should be forking or oneshot, systemd might think the service has stopped as soon as the script finishes executing.


Process Exit Code Issues: If the service script correctly starts all necessary processes but exits quickly (e.g., because the commands in the script finish soon), systemd might determine the service status based on the script's exit code. To resolve this issue, you can try the following steps: Check the Service Script: Ensure the start-all.shscript keeps running after starting all necessary processes. If the script does not keep any process running in the background after execution, you might need to add some logic to keep it running. Adjust the Service File: If the script correctly starts all necessary processes and those processes run in the background, you may need to adjust the Type and other configuration options in the systemd service file. Use Type=forking: If your service script is a forking script, ensure you use Type=forking in the systemdservice file. This way, systemd will wait for the child process created by the script. Use Type=notify (if supported): If DolphinScheduler supports communication with the service manager, you can use Type=notify. This way, the service can send status notifications to systemd via the sd_notify() function. Use RemainAfterExit=yes: If the processes started by the service script run independently of the script itself, you can use RemainAfterExit=yes in the systemd service file. This way, even if the script exits, systemd will consider the service to be still running.
Reload and Restart the Service: After modifying the service file, reload systemd and restart the service: systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl restart dolphinscheduler.service Check Service Status: Check the service status again to see if it is active (running). If the above steps do not resolve the issue, you may need to examine the DolphinScheduler log files or the output of the service script in more detail to determine why systemd believes the service has stopped. Finally, the configuration works well. Apache DolphinScheduler is a distributed, decentralized big data workflow scheduling system that supports big data task scheduling. To set DolphinScheduler to start automatically upon system boot, you typically need to configure it as a system service. The following are general steps, which may vary depending on your operating system: Linux System Create a system service file: Create a system service file: Edit a file named dolphinscheduler.service, usually placed in the /etc/systemd/system/directory. Edit a file named dolphinscheduler.service , usually placed in the /etc/systemd/system/ directory. dolphinscheduler.service /etc/systemd/system/ Fill in the service file according to your DolphinScheduler installation path and configuration. Example: Fill in the service file according to your DolphinScheduler installation path and configuration. Example: [Unit]
Description=DolphinScheduler Service
After=network.target
[Service]
type=exec
ExecStart=/opt/module/dolphinscheduler/bin/start-all.sh
ExecStop=/opt/module/dolphinscheduler/bin/stop-all.sh
RemainAfterExit=yes
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target [Unit]
Description=DolphinScheduler Service
After=network.target
[Service]
type=exec
ExecStart=/opt/module/dolphinscheduler/bin/start-all.sh
ExecStop=/opt/module/dolphinscheduler/bin/stop-all.sh
RemainAfterExit=yes
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target 2. Start the service, and set it to start on boot: Use the systemctl command to start the service, and enable it to start on boot: Use the systemctl command to start the service, and enable it to start on boot: systemctl systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start dolphinscheduler.service
systemctl enable dolphinscheduler.service systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start dolphinscheduler.service
systemctl enable dolphinscheduler.service 3. Verify the service status: Check the service status using the following command: Check the service status using the following command: systemctl status dolphinscheduler.service systemctl status dolphinscheduler.service Windows System Create a batch file: Create a batch file: Create a batch file (e.g., start-dolphinscheduler.bat) to start DolphinScheduler. Add the command to start DolphinScheduler in the batch file. Create a batch file (e.g., start-dolphinscheduler.bat) to start DolphinScheduler. Create a batch file (e.g., start-dolphinscheduler.bat ) to start DolphinScheduler. start-dolphinscheduler.bat Add the command to start DolphinScheduler in the batch file. Add the command to start DolphinScheduler in the batch file. 2. Add the batch file to the Startup folder: Place the batch file in the Startup folder to run automatically when the system boots. Place the batch file in the Startup folder to run automatically when the system boots. Press Win + R to open the Run dialog. Press Win + R to open the Run dialog. Type shell:startup to open the Startup folder. Type shell:startup to open the Startup folder. shell:startup Drag and drop the batch file into the Startup folder. Drag and drop the batch file into the Startup folder. 3. Restart Verification: Restart the computer to check if DolphinScheduler starts with the system. Restart the computer to check if DolphinScheduler starts with the system. Please note that the above steps may need to be adjusted based on your specific environment and the DolphinScheduler version. Ensure you have sufficient permissions and a good understanding of system services to avoid potential service conflicts or system instability. If the DolphinScheduler service briefly shows as green (indicating the service is running) after restarting and then changes to a non-green state (typically indicating the service is no longer running), but the related processes are still running, this may be because the service manager ( systemd ) thinks the service has stopped because it does not detect a continuously running main process. systemd This situation usually occurs in the following cases: Service Script Issues: If the service script (start-all.sh) completes without keeping any process running in the background, systemd will think the service has stopped. Incorrect Service Type Configuration: In the systemd service file, the Type configuration may need to be corrected. If the service is set to simple, it should be forking or oneshot, systemd might think the service has stopped as soon as the script finishes executing. Process Exit Code Issues: If the service script correctly starts all necessary processes but exits quickly (e.g., because the commands in the script finish soon), systemd might determine the service status based on the script's exit code. Service Script Issues: If the service script (start-all.sh) completes without keeping any process running in the background, systemd will think the service has stopped. Service Script Issues: If the service script ( start-all.sh ) completes without keeping any process running in the background, systemd will think the service has stopped. start-all.sh Incorrect Service Type Configuration: In the systemd service file, the Type configuration may need to be corrected. If the service is set to simple, it should be forking or oneshot, systemd might think the service has stopped as soon as the script finishes executing. Incorrect Service Type Configuration: In the systemd service file, the Type configuration may need to be corrected. If the service is set to simple, it should be forking or oneshot , systemd might think the service has stopped as soon as the script finishes executing. systemd Type forking oneshot systemd Process Exit Code Issues: If the service script correctly starts all necessary processes but exits quickly (e.g., because the commands in the script finish soon), systemd might determine the service status based on the script's exit code. Process Exit Code Issues: If the service script correctly starts all necessary processes but exits quickly (e.g., because the commands in the script finish soon), systemd might determine the service status based on the script's exit code. systemd To resolve this issue, you can try the following steps: Check the Service Script: Ensure the start-all.shscript keeps running after starting all necessary processes. If the script does not keep any process running in the background after execution, you might need to add some logic to keep it running. Check the Service Script: Ensure the start-all.sh script keeps running after starting all necessary processes. If the script does not keep any process running in the background after execution, you might need to add some logic to keep it running. start-all.sh Adjust the Service File: If the script correctly starts all necessary processes and those processes run in the background, you may need to adjust the Type and other configuration options in the systemd service file. Adjust the Service File: If the script correctly starts all necessary processes and those processes run in the background, you may need to adjust the Type and other configuration options in the systemd service file. Use Type=forking: If your service script is a forking script, ensure you use Type=forking in the systemdservice file. This way, systemd will wait for the child process created by the script. Use Type=forking : If your service script is a forking script, ensure you use Type=forking in the systemd service file. This way, systemd will wait for the child process created by the script. Type=forking Type=forking systemd systemd Use Type=notify (if supported): If DolphinScheduler supports communication with the service manager, you can use Type=notify. This way, the service can send status notifications to systemd via the sd_notify() function. Use Type=notify (if supported): If DolphinScheduler supports communication with the service manager, you can use Type=notify . This way, the service can send status notifications to systemd via the sd_notify() function. Type=notify Type=notify systemd sd_notify() Use RemainAfterExit=yes: If the processes started by the service script run independently of the script itself, you can use RemainAfterExit=yes in the systemd service file. This way, even if the script exits, systemd will consider the service to be still running. Reload and Restart the Service: After modifying the service file, reload systemd and restart the service: Use RemainAfterExit=yes : If the processes started by the service script run independently of the script itself, you can use RemainAfterExit=yes in the systemd service file. This way, even if the script exits, systemd will consider the service to be still running. RemainAfterExit=yes RemainAfterExit=yes systemd systemd Reload and Restart the Service: After modifying the service file, reload systemd and restart the service: systemd systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl restart dolphinscheduler.service systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl restart dolphinscheduler.service Check Service Status: Check the service status again to see if it is active (running). Check Service Status: Check the service status again to see if it is active (running). If the above steps do not resolve the issue, you may need to examine the DolphinScheduler log files or the output of the service script in more detail to determine why systemd believes the service has stopped. If the above steps do not resolve the issue, you may need to examine the DolphinScheduler log files or the output of the service script in more detail to determine why systemd believes the service has stopped. systemd Finally, the configuration works well.

How to Enable Auto-Start for Apache DolphinScheduler

Why Is the AI Surge Boosting HDD Stocks? Finis Conner Says: Drives Are to AI as Batteries Are to EVs

Life in 2050 According to Jail-Broken GPT-4o 

A Voice Controlled Website With AI Embedded in Chrome

ক্রোমে এম্বেডেড এআই সহ একটি ভয়েস নিয়ন্ত্রিত ওয়েবসাইট

Eine sprachgesteuerte Website mit in Chrome eingebetteter KI

Un sitio web controlado por voz con IA integrada en Chrome

Un site Web à commande vocale avec IA intégrée dans Chrome

क्रोम में ए.आई. एम्बेडेड के साथ एक आवाज नियंत्रित वेबसाइट

Chrome に AI が埋め込まれた音声制御のウェブサイト

Chrome에 AI가 내장된 음성 제어 웹사이트

Um site controlado por voz com IA incorporada no Chrome

Веб-сайт с голосовым управлением и искусственным интеллектом, встроенным в Chrome

Chrome'a Yerleştirilmiş Yapay Zeka ile Sesle Kontrol Edilen Bir Web Sitesi

Trang web được điều khiển bằng giọng nói với AI được nhúng trong Chrome

Chrome 中嵌入 AI 的语音控制网站

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INSTAHUB

getinstahub.com

-- employees

Since n.d.

COMPANY RANKING

INSTAHUB

EVERGREEN INDEX #5768

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