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Does the U.S. President Have Full Immunity? Here's What the U.S. Supreme Court Had to Say

I’m a professional journalist who has worked in tech for a few decades. Since the bloom of social media, it’s been tough times for journalism as so many voices appeared and the cacophony was deafening. AI-generated content adds even more infotrash. But surprisingly enough, I think that , both as a risk factor and as an enabler. Two other articles from last week made me think about this. The first one from Semafor introduced their new offering: . Using Microsoft and OpenAI tools, Signals provides diverse insights on global news, adapting to digital shifts and AI challenges. Reed Albergotti, the technology editor of Semafor, : AI is here to bring us back to the quality of journalism Semafor’s Signals wrote “It’s a great example of a shift that is happening. The advent of social media was a weakening force for media organizations. AI, on the other hand, is a strengthening technology. Social media turned some journalists into stars and helped juice traffic numbers for almost every major publication. But the targeted advertising business, turbocharged by social media, siphoned money away from high-quality publications, and the traffic was just an empty promise. When people think of AI and news, the first thing that comes to mind is reporters being replaced by bots. While a handful of outlets like CNET and Sports Illustrated have been tempted to try this, those examples are just anomalies. AI-generated content is more or less spam, which doesn’t replace journalism. It drives consumers toward trusted publishers.” I totally agree with this point; in the age of AI, there is nothing more important than to have voices/media whom you trust. And here comes the professional journalist. The responsible journalist. Who is this person? That’s a tricky question since ‘responsible’ in the context of AI becomes a joke. In the era of AI, the question of what constitutes responsible journalism gains new dimensions. Last week, for example, was launched, a chatbot designed to avoid misinformation by providing vague responses and being “responsible”. Goody-2 AI can be dangerous and used as — for example — for , but in terms of journalism, it offers a bunch of amazing tools that significantly enhance reporting, editing, and content distribution. For instance, automated fact-checking platforms like in the UK utilize AI to quickly verify claims made in public discourse, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of news reporting. Data journalism has also been revolutionized by AI, with tools like allowing journalists to create interactive charts and visualizations without extensive coding knowledge. Moreover, The New York Times’ experiment with personalized article recommendations showcases how AI can curate content tailored to individual readers’ interests, potentially increasing engagement and subscription rates. audio-jacking Full Fact Datawrapper Last week, The Platformer was also the future of the web and journalism. contemplating “ ” To the extent that journalists have a role to play in the web of the future, it is one they will have to invent for themselves. Use Arc Search, or Perplexity, or Poe, and it is clear that there is no platform coming to save journalism. And there are an increasingly large number of platforms that seem intent on killing it. And here I agree again: no one is coming to save journalism, but with AI — as risk and enabler — journalism can finally return to its essence. Reflecting on the journey of journalism through the digital and AI revolutions, it becomes clear that while challenges abound, the essence of journalism as a pillar of democracy remains intact. Embracing AI thoughtfully allows journalism to return to its core mission: to inform, educate, and hold power to account — to have responsibility — thereby ensuring that it continues to thrive as a trusted guide in an increasingly complex world. News from The Usual Suspects © Vesuvius and Pompeii Using AI, three students read more than in 79 AD and won $700,000. 2,000 Greek letters buried in Pompeii Roblox The game company AI-powered real-time chat translations in 16 languages. introduced Sam Altman Sam Altman seeks for global AI chip production expansion. (That’s a lot…). Gary Marcus offers why the world should say no (that’s not that many…) $5–7 trillion 7 reasons OpenAI meanwhile OpenAI hits annual revenue being among the fastest-growing tech firms. $2 billion OpenAI is working on to automate diverse tasks. two AI agents Microsoft A summary of recent research from Microsoft and around the world that can help us create a new and better future of work with AI. NVIDIA Nvidia wants to start producing personalized chips for AI companies Google Google Bard to Gemini. Read Ethan Mollick about . rebranded mixed strengths and weaknesses A few Nvidia, OpenAI, Microsoft, and nearly 200 other companies the US AI Safety Institute Consortium (AISIC) to support the safe development and deployment of generative AI. joined The freshest research papers, categorized for your convenience Large Language Models and Their Enhancements : Demonstrates how increasing the number of agents in LLMs enhances performance through a sampling-and-voting method. More Agents Is All You Need Read the paper : Adapts general-purpose LLMs to specialized domains using custom input tags for domain- and task-specific behavior. Tag-LLM Read the paper : Introduces a 1-bit post-training quantization approach for LLMs, maintaining high performance under ultra-low bit-widths. BiLLM Read the paper : Enhances model alignment through online feedback, improving exploration and performance. Direct Language Model Alignment from Online AI Feedback Read the paper : Presents Hedgehog, a learnable linear attention mechanism that mimics softmax attention in Transformers. The Hedgehog & the Porcupine Read the paper : Proposes a novel AI framework for domains like Robotics and Healthcare, integrating visual autoencoders, language modeling, and action prediction. An Interactive Agent Foundation Model Read the paper : Pushes the limits of mathematical reasoning in open language models. DeepSeekMath Read the paper : Enables LLMs to self-compose reasoning structures for complex problem-solving. SELF-DISCOVER Read the paper : Compares the in-context learning abilities of State-Space Models against Transformer models. Can Mamba Learn How to Learn? Read the paper : Investigates the impact of pretraining data size and type on LLMs’ downstream performance. Scaling Laws for Downstream Task Performance of Large Language Models Read the paper : Studies optimizing tiny language models for mobile devices. Rethinking Optimization and Architecture for Tiny Language Models Read the paper : Explores depth pruning as a method for improving LLM inference efficiency. Shortened LLaMA Read the paper Multimodal and Vision-Language Models : Achieves personalized text-to-image generation by leveraging CLIP’s latent space. λ-ECLIPSE Read the paper : Proposes an advanced series of Multi-modality Large Language Models focusing on model performance and training efficiency. SPHINX-X Read the paper : Integrates text and speech in a multimodal foundation language model for improved semantic understanding and expressivity. SpiRit-LM Read the paper : Embeds question awareness within the vision encoder for enhanced multimodal reasoning. Question Aware Vision Transformer for Multimodal Reasoning Read the paper : Scales CLIP to 18 billion parameters, achieving significant performance improvements in image classification. EVA-CLIP-18B Read the paper Robotics, Autonomous Systems, and Interactive Agents : Enables adaptation to local traffic rules for autonomous vehicles using LLMs. Driving Everywhere with Large Language Model Policy Adaptation Read the paper : Demonstrates that offline actor-critic reinforcement learning can effectively scale to large models. Offline Actor-Critic Reinforcement Learning Scales to Large Models Read the paper Web Navigation, Conversational Systems, and Real-World Applications : Introduces a benchmark for conversational web navigation, highlighting the need for models that adapt to new web environments. WebLINX Read the paper : Enhances LLM learning by inducing mistakes and reflecting on them to extract task-specific principles. In-Context Principle Learning from Mistakes Read the paper : Presents CodeCompose, an AI-assisted code authoring tool offering both single-line and multi-line inline suggestions. Multi-line AI-assisted Code Authoring Read the paper Time Series Forecasting, Object Detection, and Other Innovations : Introduces a foundation model for univariate probabilistic time series forecasting, showcasing strong zero-shot generalization. Lag-Llama Read the paper : Enhances object detection by training on synthetic datasets generated from diffusion models. InstaGen Read the paper : Presents an algorithm optimizing distributions defined by stochastic diffusions for efficient sampling. Implicit Diffusion Read the paper : Proposes a method enhancing video understanding by consolidating past activations. Memory Consolidation Enables Long-Context Video Understanding Read the paper : Trains a transformer model to achieve grandmaster-level chess performance without explicit search algorithms. Grandmaster-Level Chess Without Search Read the paper Code Representation and Quantization Techniques : Introduces CODESAGE, an advanced model for code representation learning with a two-stage pretraining scheme. CODE REPRESENTATION LEARNING AT SCALE Read the paper Interpretability and Foundation Models : Examines the role of interpretability with the advent of LLMs, advocating for a broader scope in interpretability. Rethinking Interpretability in the Era of Large Language Models Read the paper In other newsletters For those curious about the most transformative innovation to semiconductor manufacturing since EUV — Hybrid Bonding by Semianalysis All My Thoughts After 40 Hours in the Vision Pro by Wait But Why A funny take on a paper that claimed that AGI had been achieved by Jack Clark from Anthropic (Import AI newsletter) The promise and challenges of crypto + AI applications by Vitalik Buterin Also appears . here

Could AI Usher Us to an Era of Quality Journalism?

এআই কি আমাদের মানসম্পন্ন সাংবাদিকতার যুগে সূচনা করতে পারে?

Könnte KI uns in eine Ära des Qualitätsjournalismus einleiten?

¿Podría la IA llevarnos a una era de periodismo de calidad?

L’IA pourrait-elle nous faire entrer dans une ère de journalisme de qualité ?

क्या एआई हमें गुणवत्तापूर्ण पत्रकारिता के युग में ले जा सकता है?

AI は私たちを質の高いジャーナリズムの時代へと導くのでしょうか?

AI가 우리를 양질의 저널리즘 시대로 안내할 수 있을까요?

A IA poderia nos conduzir a uma era de jornalismo de qualidade?

Может ли ИИ привести нас к эре качественной журналистики?

Yapay Zeka Bizi Kaliteli Gazetecilik Çağına Taşıyabilir mi?

AI có thể mở ra kỷ nguyên báo chí chất lượng không?

人工智能能否引领我们进入高质量新闻时代？

THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA FROM COAL

THE LIFE OF LEONARDO DA VINCI.

Alice Vavasor's Name Gets into the Money Market

THE ELDER SON.

THE BROTHER AND SISTER.

Common Sense Applied to Religion; Or, The Bible and the People by Catharine Esther Beecher, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . FAITH OR BELIEF. here CHAPTER XIX. FAITH OR BELIEF. We have shown that a belief in the reality of the existence, both of mind and of matter, as , is one of the implanted principles of mind. Some philosophers have claimed that there is nothing in existence but mind, and that all that is called matter is simply of things in the mind itself, for which there is no corresponding reality. Others have claimed just the opposite: that there is no such existence as an immaterial spirit, but that soul is the brain, or some other very fine organization of matter. causes ideas In both cases, the assumptions not only have no evidence to sustain them, but are contrary to the common sense or reason of all mankind, and never can be really believed. When are called into existence by the agency of the senses, we can not help believing that things , unless we have some evidence of deception either from disordered sensation or some other cause. perceptions are as they appear to us But in regard to our we have two classes. One class is attended with the belief that they correspond with realities, or the things they represent. The other class is not attended with this belief. For example, we can conceive of a house of a color, form, and details such as we never saw, and this conception is not attended with any belief of the reality of such an existence; but when we conceive of the home of our childhood, this conception is attended with a belief of the reality of the thing conceived. conceptions This illustration furnishes the means of defining " " as " ." We the truth when our conceptions represent correctly the reality of things, and we the truth when we feel this correspondence to exist. We believe falsehood when we have a conception attended by a feeling that it represents the reality of things when it does not. truth the reality of things conceive believe All our comfort, success, and happiness depend upon ; for just so far as our belief or faith varies from the reality of things, we shall meet with mistakes, disappointment, and sorrow. believing the truth Our beneficent Creator has so formed our minds and our bodies that, in their natural, healthy state, our correspond with the reality of things uniformly, while, as before stated, our belief or faith also thus corresponds. perceptions It is very rarely the case that disease or other causes prevent this uniform correct perception and belief in regard to all things that come within the reach of our own senses. It is only in regard to that knowledge that we gain from the of others, or from the , that we become liable to a false belief. experience and testimony process of reasoning Men often impart their conceptions of things to us, and we find that they do not correspond with realities. We also, by a process of reasoning, often come to conceptions of things, and a belief in them, which we find to be false. may be defined as all those causes which tend to produce ideas of truth or the reality of things. Evidence correct Inasmuch as we find by experience that human testimony and the process of reasoning do not uniformly conduct us to right conceptions of realities, we find that there are different degrees of belief according to the nature of the evidence presented. The highest kind of evidence is intuitive knowledge, which is a uniform result of the constitution of mind and its inevitable circumstances. This is called or . intuitive knowledge intuitive belief All other evidence is gained by or by . The experience of other minds we gain by testimony. This is called the . experience reasoning evidence of testimony Belief differs in degrees according to the nature and amount of evidence perceived. The highest kind of evidence produces what is called . It is the kind which is felt in reference to the intuitive truths. There are all degrees of faith, from the highest certainty to entire incredulity or unbelief. certainty This fact lays the foundation for a distinction in practical matters which it is very important to recognize. It is often the case that there is an amount of evidence that produces a conviction which rests in the mind, but does not produce its appropriate result. For example, a man in feeble health has read enough on the subject to be convinced that a daily bath in cool water would tend to restore strength, and yet the belief does not secure the practice. But on a review of the books which produced the conviction, or on hearing some lecturer on health, the conviction becomes more powerful, and leads to a corresponding practice. practical Now, in reference to the fact that there are multitudes of convictions which are inoperative, which, if vividly realized, would become principles of action, there is a distinction made, in common parlance, between a dead or ideal faith, and a living or practical faith. Still more is this distinction recognized in matters of religion, as will be hereafter shown. The question whether faith or belief is under the control of the will, or whether it is necessary and inevitable, is one of very great importance both in regard to our happiness and our obligations. If belief is not under the control of the will, it must be because either the mind has not the power of directing its attention to evidence, or because it is so made that, when it perceives the truth, it can not distinguish it from falsehood. In regard to the first alternative, the control which the mind has over its own train of thought has been definitely pointed out and described in the articles on attention and on the will. It appears that is the regulating principle, which governs all mental operations by selecting the modes of happiness which the intellect shall be employed in securing. Whatever mode of present or of general happiness is selected, immediately all conceptions which the judgment discerns as having a fitness for accomplishing this object become vivid and distinct, and recall their associate conceptions. Thus it is the choice of any mode of enjoyment by the will which determines the train of thought. the will When, therefore, any question is brought up which demands attention to evidence, if the mind has some desire to gratify, and the intellect discerns that the conviction of this truth will interfere with this chosen plan of happiness, the will refuses attention to what is not in consonance with the leading desire of the mind. Where conviction of any truth is foreseen to interfere with some plan of enjoyment already chosen, the only way by which attention can be secured is by exhibiting some evil that will follow inattention which will more than counterbalance the good to be gained. In this case, the mind may choose to attend, and run the hazard of losing the particular mode of enjoyment sought in order to avoid the threatened evil from inattention to evidence. This is the method men pursue in all their intercourse with each other. They find that their fellow-men are unwilling to believe what is contrary to their own wishes and plans. But when they determine that belief shall be secured, they contrive various modes to make it appear either for their pleasure or their interest to attend to evidence, or else they exhibit some evil as the consequence of neglecting attention. The only mode by which mankind are induced to give their thoughts to the concerns of an invisible world is by awakening their hopes of future good to be secured, or by stimulating their fears of future evils. It thus appears, from the laws and operations of the mind of which every person is conscious, and also from the conduct and recorded experience of mankind, that the mind the power of directing its attention to evidence. has The other alternative which would establish the principle that belief is not under the control of the will is, that truth, when seen by the mind, can not be distinguished from falsehood. But this, it can be seen, involves a denial of the principles of reason and common sense. It is saying that the mind may have the evidence of the senses, memory, and all the other principles included in the laws of reason, and yet not believe it; for every process of reasoning is, in fact, exhibiting evidence either of the senses, memory, or experience, that a certain truth is included under a primary truth. The only position which can be assumed without denying the principles of reason and common sense is, that belief, according to the laws of mind, is exactly according to the of evidence . amount to which the mind gives its attention In order to belief, then, two things are necessary, viz., , and the to this evidence. When both of these are attained, the belief of truth and the rejection of falsehood are inevitable. evidence choice of the mind to attend The influence which the will and desires have upon our belief accounts for the great variety of opinions among mankind on almost every subject of duty and of happiness. There are two ways in which the desires and wishes regulate belief. In the first place, by preventing to the subject which would lead to the belief of truths that are inconsistent with the leading desires of the mind. This, in a great measure, will account for the great variety of religious belief. Religion is a subject which is felt to be inconsistent with the leading desires of most persons who are interested in the pursuit of other enjoyments than those resulting from obedience to God in the discharge of the duties of benevolence and piety. It is a subject, therefore, which receives so little examination that opinions in regard to it are adopted with trifling attention. attention The second cause of variety of belief is the effect which has in making vivid those conceptions which most agree with the leading purpose of the mind. When the mind decides to examine the evidence on any subject, if the decision involves questions which have a bearing on some favorite purpose, all those arguments which are most consonant with the desires appear vivid and clear, and those which are contrary to the wishes are fainter and less regarded. This is a fact which universal experience demonstrates. Men always fasten on evidence which favors their own wishes, and but faintly conceive the evidence which is opposed. This is a cause which operates most powerfully in regard to religious truths whenever they interfere with the leading desires. desire This view of the subject exhibits the importance of having the mind directed to proper objects; for if the mind is earnestly engaged in the pursuit of duty, it will be pleased with every development of truth, for truth and duty are never found to interfere. is another name for "things as they are," and it is always the duty and happiness of man to regulate his conduct by seeing things as they are, rather than by seeing them in false relations. That man is best prepared to discover truth who is most sincerely desirous to obtain it, and to regulate his feelings, words, and conduct by its dictates. Truth There is nothing more obvious, from experience and observation, than that men their ability to control their belief, and realize both their own obligations and those of their fellow-men on this subject. They know that every man must act according to his belief of right and wrong, and thus that the fulfillment of every duty depends upon the nature of our belief. And the more important are the interests involved in any question, the more men perceive their obligations to seek for evidence, and obtain the knowledge necessary to enable them to judge correctly. feel The estimation of guilt among mankind, in reference to wrong belief, is always proportioned to the interests involved and the opportunities for obtaining knowledge. In the minute affairs of life, where but little evil is done from false judgments, but little blame is attached to a man for believing wrong. Neither is a man severely judged if the necessary knowledge was inaccessible or very difficult to be obtained. But where a man has great interests committed to his keeping, and has sufficient opportunity for obtaining evidence of truth, the severest condemnation awaits him who, through inattention or prejudice, hazards vast interests by an incorrect belief. If an agent has the charge of great investments, and through negligence, or indolence, or prejudice ruins his employer, his sincere belief is no protection from severe condemnation. If the physician has the health and life of a valued member of the community and the object of many affections intrusted to his skill, and from negligence and inattention destroys the life he was appointed to save, his sincere belief is but a small palliation of his guilt. If a judge has the fortune and life of his fellow-citizens intrusted to his judicial knowledge and integrity, and, through want of care and attention, is guilty of flagrant injustice and evil, the plea of wrong belief will not protect him from the impeachment and just indignation which await such delinquencies. There is no point where men are more tenacious of the obligations of their fellow-creatures than on the subject of belief. If they find themselves calumniated, unjustly dealt with, and treated with contempt and scorn from prejudice or want of attention, the reality of belief is little palliation of the guilt of those who thus render them injustice. They feel the obligations of their fellow-men to in all that relates to their interests, honor, and good name; and often there is scarcely any thing which it is so difficult to forgive as the simple crime of wrong belief. know the truth The only modes by which men attempt to justify themselves for guilt of this nature are to show either that the matter was of small consequence, or that the means of learning its importance and of obtaining the other necessary information was not within reach. It may be laid down, then, as a long-established axiom in regard to this subject, that men estimate the guilt of wrong belief in all matters relating to the welfare of mankind in exact proportion to the value of the interests involved, and to the opportunities enjoyed for obtaining information. Inasmuch as all our success and happiness depends upon our belief of the truth, we have two of the principles of reason and common sense to guide us. The first is, that we are to consider that to be right which has of evidence in its favor; and the second is, that nothing is to be assumed as true unless there is evidence that it is so. the balance some About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Catharine Esther Beecher (2017). Common Sense Applied to Religion; Or, The Bible and the People. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/55531/pg55531-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

FAITH OR BELIEF.

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