Two takes on innovation in different AI domains caught my eye this week. The first is a review on AI chatbots and the importance of the human trainer to push these services across the ‘uncanny valley’. It is certainly true that many startups ‘fake it until they make it’. Or to put it another way, do things that don’t scale until they learn how to scale them. Training an AI system falls into that category. The question really is whether this current crop of startups, , are chasing a tractable problem? And can they solve in the time available (before cash runs out) through the heavy use of human trainers to train the AI systems? like Amy Sign up to receive weekly updates on the most pressing questions in technology HERE This need for the rather complex task (for a computer) of scheduling an email. It’s also a reminder of Moravec’s paradox: scheduling meetings is a quotidian human activity but tough for AI systems. fascinating Bloomberg analysis takes us into the detail of just how much human assistance these AI systems Introduction of self-driving cars is ‘many years away’ The second piece is this at on self-driving cars: incredibly smart take on self-driving cars from Sam Lessin The Information New technologies usually take longer than initially expected to be introduced because rapid improvement eventually hits a point where the next stage of work becomes very expensive. That’s what will happen to self-driving cars, which is why their introduction is many years away. The point with self-driving cars is: they need to be very, very close to perfect before they are valuable at all. There is no 50% credit. A self-driving car that works 90% of the time, or even 99% of the time, might be a nice safety addition, but it doesn’t deliver the true dream of not needing a driver at the wheel. The line between machine and responsibility in autonomous driving is blurry: the expectation that humans will keep their supervisors role in autonomous driving is common but could be disastrous, . human as research shows Alphabet’s self-driving car autonomously passed > 3 million miles Separately, Alphabet’s (and billions more in virtual environments). The last million those miles took less than seven months, compared to over a year for the previous million. self-driving cars have driven more than three million miles autonomously At the same time, the rate of driver engagements (when the human needs to take over) has declined. Interesting, long-term data shows that to become ubiquitous on vehicles on the road. it typically takes three decades for new car safety features What connects these distinct analyses of the AI-bot and autonomous vehicle market is ultimately the observation that the path to successful innovation is not a known one. How far are we really from Amy taking over all our scheduling or autonomous vehicles achieving level five control in the streets of Paris, Abuja or Manila? And to what extent are we as consumers going to be part of the training data? And as humans become the source of for machines, “being the training data” even more disarming than “being the product”? learning Sign up HERE to receive my weekly newsletter Exponential View every Sunday.

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