Google’s Browser Contracts Are Exclusive: Its Relationship With Firefox, Opera, and More

C. Google’s Browser Contracts Are Exclusive

863. Google has default search agreements with Firefox and Opera, as well as other smaller browsers. Supra ¶¶ 310–318 (§ III.F.3).

864. The exclusive defaults secured by Google’s RSAs with third-party browsers cover roughly 2.3% of all U.S. general search queries. Tr. 5763:14–22 (Whinston (Pls. Expert)) (discussing UPXD104 at 36).

865. Google’s exclusive default position on browsers has excluded rivals from search shares they could get absent Google’s contracts. For example, Google has projected that a rival GSE would receive a significant share of the queries on third-party browsers if the rival won the default. Infra ¶¶ 914–926.

866. Similar to its conversations with Apple, supra ¶¶ 762–778 (§ VI.A.2.e), DuckDuckGo has pitched private browsing mode integration with browsers but has been unsuccessful; these browsers’ contracts with Google were “the common theme.” Tr. 2048:9– 2050:1 (Weinberg (DuckDuckGo)) (listing Samsung’s S Browser, Mozilla’s Firefox browser, and Opera’s browser); UPX0787 (DuckDuckGo pitching private browsing mode to Mozilla).