Anatomy of a Multi-Block Attack

Ka ilaalinta Hantida Dabada Dheer ee Hab-maamuuska Amaahda ee Weerarada Oracle ee TWAP

Inta badan jabsiga borotokoolka amaahda waxay ka yimaadaan dayacanka qandaraasyada caqliga leh, taasoo keentay in boqollaal milyan oo doolar la xado sannad kasta. Soosaarayaasha iyo hanti-dhawrayaashu aad ayay uga taxaddaraan weerarrada caadiga ah, halka borotokoollada ay maraan wareegyo badan oo dib u eegis kood ah iyo barnaamijyada abaal-marinta cayayaanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hab-maamuuska amaahda ayaa sidoo kale wajahaya weerarro dhaqaale taasoo ay sabab u tahay isbedbedelka suuqa iyo arrimaha qiimaha sida dhacdooyinka de-peg iyo khalkhalgelinta hadalka.

Si looga hortago weerarradan, hab-maamuusyada intooda badani waxay taxayaan oo keliya hantida dareeraha ah waxayna isticmaalaan bixiyeyaasha afka aadka ugu tiirsan, ugu horrayn Chainlink. Iyadoo inta badan borotokoollada amaahinta aysan isticmaalin dhexdhexaadinta qiimaha sarifka wakhtiga-miisaanka leh (TWAP), waxay yihiin mid ka mid ah xulashooyinka ugu badan ee la heli karo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hab-maamuusyada intooda badani ma aysan awoodin inay helaan hab sugan oo si badbaado leh loogu isticmaalo oraahyadan keligood, maadaama ay caadi ahaan aad khatar u tahay marka la barbar dhigo beddelka.

Uniswap V3 TWAP ereyada qiimaha ayaa loo isticmaalay borotokoolka amaahinta sida Inverse Finance, Rari Capital iyo Euler Finance. In kasta oo Uniswap iyo oraahyadeeda V3 si isdaba joog ah loo tixraacay inta lagu jiro warbixinta, oraahyada kale ee TWAP waxay u shaqayn karaan si la mid ah. Erayadani waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin dhowr ah, sida inay xor u yihiin inay ku biiraan borotokoolka oo ay ku yaraadaan kontaroolada dhexe, laakiin khasaarooyinka ayaa ka hortagaya isticmaalka baahsan.

Waxaa jira tusaaleyaal badan oo afafka wax laga beddelay, gaar ahaan oraahyada TWAP, oo ay weheliso cilmi-baaris si faahfaahsan u sharraxaysa sababta ay weerarradani u dhacaan. Caadi ahaan, waa dhibaato marka dareeraha uusan ku filneyn isha afka, sida barkada Uniswap, oo ka tagta borotokoolka amaahda ee u isticmaala oracle qiimaha khatarta weerarka.

Kooxda Euler Finance ayaa qoray warbixinno, ay ku jiraan Maaraynta Uniswap v3 TWAP Oracles ee Michael Bentley , oo ay sii daayeen weerar afka ah jileeyaha si loo qiyaaso khataraha borotokoolka amaahinta iyadoo la isticmaalayo Uniswap V3 TWAP oracles qiimaha. Qayb ka mid ah diiradda warbixinta ayaa ah in la falanqeeyo wax-ka-beddelka qiimaha ugu yaraan hal baloog. Tixgelintan waxaa sidoo kale la siiyay Euler Oracle Tool simulator, oo lagu muujiyey Jaantuska 1 ee hoose, maaddaama ay muujinayso qiyamka iyo kharashyada block kasta ilaa toban baloog ee warbixinnada la soo saaray.

Weeraryahannadu waxay isku dayi doonaan inay xaddidaan halista guul-darradu iyagoo isticmaalaya amaah toos ah si ay weerarka ugu dhammaystiraan hal goob gudahood. In kasta oo deymaha tooska ah ay u sahlaan weeraryahannada in ay ka faa'ideystaan dareere ka badan intii ay heli lahaayeen, ammaahda biqilka uma badna in ay ku guuleystaan hantida ugu badan ee dareeraha ah ee hal baloog ah.

Tusaale ahaan, Jaantuska 1 ee hoose waxa uu muujinayaa wadarta kharashka ($598.85 bilyan) si loo sameeyo hal weerar oo ah 20% saamaynta qiimaha USDC/WETH 0.3% lammaane. Sababo la xiriira xannibaadaha amaahda, sida deymaha iyo arrimo dammaanad ah (saamiga LTV), weeraryahannadu waxay caadi ahaan u baahan doonaan inay ku shubaan ama daadiyaan qiimayaal ka sarreeya 20% si loo gaaro weerar faa'iido leh.

Shuruudaha lagu Maareeyo Oracalada Qiimaha

Yaraynta tirada baloogyada si loo fuliyo weerarka waa lama huraan laba sababood dartood. Marka hore, weeraryahanadu waxay adeegsadaan deymo toos ah oo u baahan in lagu bixiyo isla goob isku mid ah. Marka labaad, baloogyada badan ee dhaca waxay kordhiyaan fursadaha uu qofka wax weeraray ku garqaadi karo, taas oo meesha ka saaraysa weerarka maadaama ganacsatadu ay arki doonaan kala duwanaanshaha qiimaha oo ay ganacsi ku soo celiyaan qiimihii sidiisii hore ka hor inta aan la soo afjarin weerarka.

Hantida aadka loo isticmaalo sida USDC, USDT, iyo WETH caadi ahaan waa dareere ku filan si looga hortago weerarka TWAP oracle, gaar ahaan amaahda toosan. Tani waxay si aad ah uga muuqataa shabakadda guud ee Ethereum maaddaama lakabka laba iyo silsiladaha kale intooda badan ay leeyihiin dareere yar. Nidaamyada amaahinta ayaa caadi ahaan u isticmaali doona oracles qiimaha Chainlink hantida buluuga ah si kastaba, maadaama ay aad ugu qalanto kharashka lagu ilaalinayo hantidan, kuwaas oo inta badan loo dejiyay sidii hanti dammaanad ah.

Xitaa haddii barkadaha dareeraha ah ee ugu badan aysan haysan dareere ku filan, waxaa jira barkado kale oo badan oo ku yaal Uniswap, iyo DEX-yo kale, kuwaas oo bixiya fursado garqaad degdeg ah. Farqiga u dhexeeya qiimaha labada calaamadood ee dareeraha ah ee barkadaha kala duwan waxaa sixi doona ganacsatadu iyaga oo gacanta ku helaya fursad garqaadasho, bots, aggregators, ama ay u badan tahay Uniswap's Router-ka .

Router-ka Auto wuxuu heli doonaa qiimaha ugu wanaagsan ee la heli karo isagoo kala qaybinaya ganacsiga barkadaha badan. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in haddii weeraruhu uu helo barkad deyn ah oo leh kayd badan oo isticmaalay mug yar, barkad dareere hoose ah oo ku taal Uniswap V3 sida odhaahdeeda, weerarku wali wuu guuldarraysan karaa haddii barkadaha kale ee isla calaamada ay leeyihiin mug sare iyo dareere sababtoo ah kan xiga ganacsiga by Auto Router waxay ka faa'iidaysan doontaa fursadda garqaadida. Xitaa way adag tahay in weerarku guulaysto maadaama Auto Router uu sidoo kale u kala qaybsan karo dariiqyada calaamado kale oo aan xidhiidh la lahayn.

Male-awaal la mid ah ayaa sidoo kale laga yaabaa in laga sameeyo dareeraha hooseeya, barkadaha mugga sare sidoo kale. Dheefshiidka hooseeya, hadalka barkada ayaa noqon kara bartilmaameed nugul. Si kastaba ha noqotee, mugga weyn awgeed, ganacsiyadu waxay si joogto ah u hagaajin doonaan qiimaha sicirka suuqa. Sidaa darteed, waxay noqon kartaa wax aan macquul aheyn in weerar lagu guuleysto.

Weeraryahanku wuxuu sidoo kale u baahan doonaa inuu tixgeliyo dareeraha ku faafa Uniswap V3, maadaama Bixiyeyaasha dareeraha ay bixin karaan dareere buuxa ama dareere xoog leh. Dhaqdhaqaaqa kala duwan ee buuxa, kaas oo ku daraya calaamadaha labada dhinac ee qiimaha buuxa ee u dhexeeya eber ilaa aan xadidnayn, waxay kordhisaa kharashka weerarka. Dareeraha xoogga leh, kala duwanaansho gaar ah oo noqon karta hal dhinac oo keliya, waxay kordhin kartaa ama hoos u dhigi kartaa kharashyada iyadoo ku xiran qiimaha hadda iyo qoondaynta dareeraha gudaha xadka. Wonderland's CTO 0xGorilla waxay si faahfaahsan ugala socotaa arrintan maqaalkooda Waxqabadka Oracle 101 .

Barkadda 'ammaan' ah ee Uniswap uma baahna inay lahaato balaayiin doollar' oo calaamado ah oo lagu faafiyo tiro buuxa si qiimuhu u badbaado. Tixgeli jaantuska 1 ee kore, halkaas oo ay ku baxday $598.85 bilyan si loogu raro qiimaha 20% hal baloog, walina waxay ku kacaysaa ku dhawaad $200 milyan oo dhan toban baloog. Barkaddan waxay leedahay ku dhawaad $70 milyan oo qiimaheedu guud ahaan quful. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fidinta barkadani maaha mid si buuxda u kala duwan, sababtoo ah inta badan dareeraha ayaa ku urursan, taas oo kordhin karta khatarta.

Qalabka Euler Oracle wuxuu sidoo kale muujin karaa in $10 milyan uu qiimaha ku dhawaad 14% hoos ugu dhaqaaqi doono qiimihiisu yahay $1 milyan iyo ku dhawaad 56% kor u kaca qiimaha $1.7 milyan barkadan. Tani waxay noqon kartaa mid khusaysa isticmaalka odhaah ahaan, laakiin barkadan 0.3% waxay u badan tahay inaanay noqon doonin barkada ugu weyn ee loo isticmaalo borotokoolka amaahda maadaama 0.05% barkada khidmadda ay ka kooban tahay $129 milyan oo TVL ah iyo $2.4 bilyan gudaha 7-maalmood, sida laga soo xigtay Xogta Uniswap

Xogaha Dareereyaasha

Isticmaalayaashu waa inay ogaadaan noocyada kala duwan ee faafinta dareeraha si ay si fiican u fahmaan halista ku soo xaraynta borotokoolka amaahda ee isticmaala Uniswap V3 TWAP oracles qiimaha. Jaantusyada ku jira Jaantuska 2 waxay muujinayaan muuqaalo kala duwan oo dareere ah oo laga yaabo isticmaaluhu inuu ka helo barkadaha Uniswap.

Sawirka LP 1 ee hoose wuxuu muujinayaa astaanta dareeraha ah ee inta badan loo qaato barkadaha Uniswap V3. Dareeraha (L) guud ahaan waxa uu ku urursan yahay qiimaha hadda (P) laakiin wuu ka sii fogaaday jiho kasta oo labada calaamadood ah, Token01 iyo Token02.

LP 2 waxay muujinaysaa astaanta lamaanaha deggan ee caadiga ah, sida USDC/USDT, halkaas oo dareeraha uu aad ugu uruursan yahay dhowr shilin oo ku wareegsan qiimaha hadda.

LP 3 waxay soo bandhigaysaa sida barkad ballaaran oo kala duwan ay u ekaan karto iyada oo aan la helin shilinta dareeraha.

Dakhliga ku jira LP 4 wuxuu ku urursan yahay dhinaca Token01 ee qiimaha hadda, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid qaali ah in la daadiyo laakiin ka raqiisan in la bamgareeyo, halka LP 5 ay muujinayso lidkeeda.

Haddii nidaamka amaahinta u ogolaado labada calaamadood sida dammaanad ahaan, markaa weeraryahanku wuxuu dooran karaa inuu ku shubo ama u daadiyo jihada kasta oo kharash yar oo faa'iido badan leh. Haddii hal hanti la go'doomiyo, oo aan loo isticmaali karin dammaanad ahaan, markaa weeraryahanku wuxuu u tuuri karaa oo kaliya faa'iido. Waxaa jira siyaabo kale oo aad uga faa'iidaysan karto bamgareynta hantida go'doonsan, laakiin waxay noqon kartaa mid aad u adag, qaali ah, ama khatar ah marka la barbar dhigo si fudud hantida go'doonsan ee weerarka afka ah ama ku tiirsanaanta noocyada kale ee hababka ka faa'iidaysiga.

LP 6 ayaa tan ku tusinaysa ficil ahaan, maadaama ay kharash yar ku yeelanayso in calaamada laga tuuro qiimihii hore (P1) ee Point A oo loo diro qiimaha cusub (P0) ee Point B.

Isticmaalayaashu waxay u baahan yihiin inay ka warqabaan heerarka dareeraha, fidinta, iyo mugga wax kala iibsiga haddii nidaamka amaahda u isticmaalo Uniswap V3 TWAP qiimaha barkadaha. Barkadda Uniswap-ka ee aadka u nugul ee weeraryahanku waxay yeelanaysaa dareere hooseeya, mug hoose, dareere ka fog qiimaha la beegsanayo iyo qiimaha hadda, iyo ma jiraan barkado kale oo ku yaal Uniswap iyo DEX kale, ama ugu yaraan barkadaha habaysan ee la mid ah.

Barkadaha hantida dabada dheer sida caadiga ah waxay leeyihiin dareere hoose iyo kharashyo yar si loo weeraro, laakiin daruuri maahan khatarta ka yar weerarka. Iyadoo mugga hoose uu hoos u dhigayo suurtagalnimada garqaadista joojinta weerarka, waxaa jiri kara dareere xoog leh iyo tiro yar oo calaamado ah oo ku wareegaya suuqa furan si loo helo weerarka. Tani waxay ka dhigi kartaa mid aan suurtagal ahayn in weeraryahanku uu helo faa'iido.

Anatomy of a Multi-Block Attack

Faa'iidada weerarka block-ka badan waxay ku xiran tahay qiimaha calaamadaha barkada Uniswap oo ka yar qiimaha dareeraha ee barkada bartilmaameedka ee borotokoolka amaahda. Go'aaminta qiimaha barkada Uniswap waa in sidoo kale la tixgeliyo kharashka lagu maamulayo oracle haddii qiimaha qiimaha hadda jira uu aad u sarreeyo. Markaa qiimaha barkada Uniswap waxa laga yaabaa in uu ka sarreeyo qiimaha barkada borotokoolka amaahda, laakiin haddii kharashka tan lagu beddelayo uu ka yar yahay qiimaha barkadda borotokoolka amaahda, markaa weerarku waxa uu noqon karaa mid faa'iido leh.

Marka uu qofka wax weeraray go'aamiyo inay faa'iido heli doonaan, waxay markaas ogaan karaan inay waxtar badan u leedahay iibsashada calaamadaha loo baahan yahay weerarka ama amaahda. Marka hore, waxay ka jari doonaan kharashka iibsashada calaamadaha faa'iidada ku iibinta Uniswap ee weerarka. Tani waxay u badan tahay inay noqoto khasaare ay sabab u tahay silbashada, marka loo eego inay isku dayayaan inay hoos u dhigaan qiimaha barkada Uniswap oo leh dareere hoose. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhibaatadu waxay sidoo kale noqon kartaa inay jiraan calaamado ku filan oo ay ku iibsadaan, ama ayan haysan raasamaal ku filan oo ay ku iibsadaan calaamado ku filan. Weeraryahanku waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inuu tixgeliyo in khasaaraha iman kara uu aad u sarreeyo haddii kharashka lagu iibsanayo calaamado ku filan uu aad u sarreeyo haddii weerarku uu guul-darraystay.

Haddii iibsashada calaamaduhu ay dhib badan tahay, weeraryahanku wuxuu ka amaahan karaa calaamadaha hab-maamuuska amaahda ee la beegsaday ama mid kale. Waxay u badan tahay in qofka weerarka geystay uu hoos u dhigo kharashaadka isaga oo ka amaahanaya calaamadaha hab-maamuuska amaahinta ee la beegsanayo, isaga oo u malaynaya in qof kale uusan horay u qaadin weerarka. Sababo la xiriira isbeddelka qiimaha ee ku takrifalidda oracle-ka, waxa ay noqonaysaa mid si tartiib tartiib ah u jaban in laga soo amaahdo calaamadihii borotokoolka amaahda ee la beegsaday.

Ugu dambeyntii, weeraryahanku wuxuu tixgelin doonaa haddii ay rabaan inay yareeyaan baloogyada iyagoo halis gelinaya dammaanad dheeraad ah ama isku dayaan dhowr wareeg oo amaahasho iyo iibin ah si ay uga faa'iideystaan dammaanad yar. Xaaladda ugu habboon waa in la helo qaddarka ugu yar ee dammaanadda loo baahan yahay si loo xado qaddarka ugu badan ee dhigaalka. Haddii qiimuhu is beddelo ama qiimuhu aanu hoos ugu sii dhici karin bartilmaameedkii loogu talo galay, markaas weerarku waxa laga yaabaa inuu qaar ama dhammaan dammaanadkooda ku xidho nidaamka.

Simulator-ka-hortagga badan ee weerarka

Waxaan xisaabin karnaa faa'iidada suurtagalka ah iyada oo loo maleynayo in weeraryahanku uu ka amaahanayo calaamadaha borotokoolka amaahda ee la beegsanayo oo uu iibiyo si uu u maamulo qiimaha oracle ee Uniswap. Si taas loo sameeyo, waa in aan tixgelinno xannibaadaha borotokoolka amaahda sida amaahda iyo arrimaha dammaanadda haddii ay leedahay labadaba, qadar dammaanad ah oo lagu shubayo, iyo dareeraha barkadda oracle.

Isticmaalka Weerarkii Multi-Block Simulator , Waxaan geli karnaa qaddarka dhigaalka ee dammaanadda, arrimaha amaahda, dareeraha DEX, barkadaha amaahda ee la heli karo, iyo agabyada qiimaha kala duwan ee calaamadaha amaahda iyo dammaanadda. Xaashiyaha bakhtiyaa-nasiibku wuxuu ku samayn doonaa xisaabinta gelinta isticmaalaha tirada calaamadaha laga helay iibka Uniswap oo ay la socoto qiimaha cusub ee calaamadda. Simulator-ku wuxuu hagaajiyaa qiimaha cusub ee calaamadihii la amaahday ka dib wareeg kasta oo iib ah.

Booska isticmaalaha 1 wuxuu muujinayaa qadarka ugu badan ee calaamadaha uu soo deyn karo weeraryahanku iyadoo lagu salaynayo dammaanad la xareeyay. Weeraryahanku waxa uu iibin doona calaamadaha amaahda ugu badan ee barkadda Uniswap ee la beegsaday oo waxa uu faa'iidada iyo qiimaha cusub gelin doonaa qaybta Wareegga 1 ee Liquidate. Booska isticmaalaha 2, iyo wareegyada dareeraha dheeraadka ah, waxay soo bandhigaan qiyamka cusub iyadoo la tixgelinayo dammaanadda loo baahan yahay ee qiimaha cusub ee la amaahday.

Barta wareegyada dheeraadka ah waa in la raad raaco inta calaamadood ee la iibin karo si loo abuuro saameyn qiimo la doonayo haddii wareegga koowaad uusan ku filneyn. Isticmaalayaashu waxay sidoo kale go'aamin karaan inta dammaanadda loo baahan yahay si loo gaaro weerar faa'iido leh inta wareegyada iibka ah ee suurtogalka ah. Qaybaha dheeraadka ah waxay xisaabiyaan faa'iidada haddii weeraryahanku ka tago dammaanadda ama uu joojiyo weerarka wareegga ugu dambeeya, isagoo qaadanaya faa'iido ama khasaare kasta oo uu urursaday.

Isticmaalayaashu waxay la mid noqon karaan xaalado kala duwan waxayna dhisi karaan qaab-dhismeedka khatarta marka ay la shaqeynayaan borotokoolka amaahda iyagoo isticmaalaya oraahyada TWAP. Marka la isku daro Euler oracle Tool iyo Multi-Block Attack Simulator, isticmaalayaashu waxay sidoo kale heli karaan sawir buuxa oo khataraha ka iman kara amaahda tooska ah iyo weerarada xannibaadaha badan. Intaa waxaa dheer, isticmaalayaashu waxay samayn karaan jilitaanno badan si ay u ogaadaan cabbirrada halista ugu habboon ee hab-maamuuska amaahda, qaybaha calaamadaynta ee khatarta ugu jira weerarrada afka, horumarinta hababka digniinta hore, iyo in ka badan.

Isticmaalayaashu waxay si otomaatig ah u samayn karaan xaashidan iyagoo isticmaalaya APIs, add-ons, ama samayn kara abka ku salaysan xisaabinta. Ujeeddada xaashida xaashida waa in la hubiyo hab uu qof kasta isticmaali karo mustaqbalka, haddii API ama app laga saaro, la xaddido, ama isbeddelo.

Ujeeddada qalabkani waa in la isku dayo in la wanaajiyo wacyiga khatarta ah iyo in la bixiyo ammaan weyn oo amaahda hantida dabada dheer, taas oo inta badan aanay daboolin inta badan afafka. Qalabkani waxa kale oo uu iska indhatiraa garqaadista iyo tirada saxda ah ee baloogyada weerarka, taa beddelkeeda waxa uu diiradda saarayaa xisaabinta kharashyada iman kara iyo faa'iidooyinka weerarka xannibaadda badan.

Simulator-ka Multi-Block Attack Simulator wuxuu ka kooban yahay hage isticmaale, xisaabin, iyo tusaale u habboon isticmaaleyaasha. Fadlan nuqul ka samee oo wax ka beddel unugyada buluuga ah ee ku yaal tab Simulator.

Gabagabadii

Iyadoo ay jirto karti weyn oo lagu abuurayo suuqyo amaah ah hantida dabada dheer, waxaa cad in khataraha lagu suurtagelinayo fursadaha amaahda ammaanku ay ka miisaan badnaan karaan faa'iidooyinka. Hab-maamuusyadu waa inay ugu yaraan bixiyaan qalabyo badan si isticmaalayaashu ay uga warqabaan heerka khatarta ku lug leh. Hantida daba-dheer sida memecoins, tokens-ka maamulka, iyo daahfurka calaamada baahsan waxay ka faa'iidaysan karaan suuqyada amaahda iyo waxyaabaha la soo saaro, laakiin calaamadahani waxay sidoo kale yihiin kuwa ugu nugul wax isdaba marinta.

Furitaanka awoodda amaahinta iyo amaahda ee hantida dabada dheer ayaa sii socota in la isku dayo iyada oo dadaallada ay ka mid yihiin in lagu daro oracles badan, koofiyadaha amaahda, abuurista barkadaha go'doonsan, iyo dib u dhigista ka bixitaanka. Xakamaynta isbedbedelku lama hubo inay ka shaqeeyaan hantida ugu sharci darrada ah sababtoo ah xakamayntu waxay u badan tahay inay kala saari kari waydo dhaqdhaqaaqa qiimaha dhabta ah iyo kuwa loogu talagalay in lagu maamulo hadalka.

Dhawr hab-maamuus oo amaah ah ayaa eegay abuurista deymo waqti ku salaysan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhibaatada aasaasiga ah ee abuurista deynta xun ayaa weli jirta, deyn-bixiyeyaashuna waa inay diyaar u yihiin inay aqbalaan khatartaas. Iyadoo daraasaddan aysan si qoto dheer u sii gelin aaggan borotokoolka amaahda, nidaamyada heerka dulsaarka ku saleysan ee isbeddelka ah ayaa sii wada inay xukumaan suuqa.

Xalalka suurtagalka ah waxay tixgelin karaan fiirinta mugga Uniswap, qulqulka qulqulka, iyo qaddarka calaamadaha si loo go'aamiyo khatarta amaahda dabada dheer iyo suuqyada amaahda. Suuqyada la siiyay qiimaynta khatarta sare waa la xidhi karaa ama waa la xidhi karaa ilaa dareere badan laga helayo barkada oracle ee Uniswap. Qodobadan qaarkood ayaa lagu isticmaalay Euler V1 ee nidaamka qiimaynta oracle.

Xalalka kale ayaa loo soo saaray sidii Uniswap V4 hooks, iyo cusboonaysiinta iyo dib u eegista borotokoolka jira sida Euler V2 iyo Bunni. Erayga qiimaha waxa kale oo uu noqon karaa mid wax ku ool ah marka la isticmaalayo noocyada kale ee kala beddelashada baahsan, sida Time-Miisaanka Automated Market Makers (TWAMM) ama hab-buug-ku-salaysan hab-maamuuska amaahinta ee uu qeexay Bedlam Research. Platforms sida Kamino Finance waxay soo bandhigaan tiro tallaabooyin ah oo lagu xakameynayo khatarta oo ay ku jiraan LTV firfircoon, halka borotokoollada kale oo ay ku jiraan GammaSwap, Timeswap, iyo Ammalgam ay bixiyaan oracle-yar iyo xalal kale.

Ugu dambeyntii, haddii ay jirto hal il oo kaliya oo qiimaheedu yahay dareere liidata, ku dhawaad xaddi kontaroolada khatarta ah ayaa ka dhigi kara mid sugan iyo mid dhaqaale labadaba mid macquul ah amaahinta ka qaybgalayaasha borotokoolka.