You can think of ZooTools as a multi-product company (like the early stage of Adobe) focused on marketing tools

ZooTools

If you're new to web development, or just Javascript development, you may find yourself wondering In this guide, I'll explain exactly what TypeScript is and why it's different from Javascript. If you're looking to start your TypeScript project, I wrote a guide here on . what is the difference between TypeScript and Javascript. setting up your first TypeScript project How is TypeScript different from JavaScript? When the web started, JavaScript was a scripting language that allowed us to add interactivity to websites. , so as you might expect it didn't have all the features we have today. Javascript was famously written in 10 days As time went on, Javascript's importance only grew. Frameworks evolved like jQuery, Mootools, and then React, Vue and Svelte. Then, Javascript became a backend language too with Node. JS. As it grew in importance, all the quirks, peculiarities, and missing features of Javascript became more noticeable. For programmers coming from strongly typed languages, one of these missing features was a type system. What are types? In Javascript, type is dynamic based on how you write your code. This is different from some other languages where you have to mention explicitly the type of everything. In Javascript, it's easier: let x = 5; // Type is Number
let y = 'string'; // Type is String
let z = {}; // Type is object This is a great feature. It makes Javascript easy entry for developers who want to create something fast. It has drawbacks, though. The major one is that if you work with multiple teams, complex systems where enforcing types is important, or just face a lot of issues because of s, it can become a hindrance rather than a net positive for your applications. TypeError TypeScript tries to solve this issue. The only thing it does is adds types to Javascript, and it means you have to define types of your code more often. Using our previous example, we could define the types of our variables like this: let x:number = 5; // Type is Number
let y:string = 'string'; // Type is String
let z:object = {}; // Type is object It doesn't end there, though. For example, writing a simple function in Javascript may look like this: let myFunction = (x, y) => {
    return x + y;
} Whereas TypeScript lets us define types for all arguments and the return value of the function: let myFunction = (x:number, y:number):number => {
    return x + y;
} Learning TypeScript is therefore a little different than Javascript. If you're interested, . you can learn more about types in TypeScript here Features of TypeScript - as mentioned, we have to define types in TypeScript whereas we do not in Javascript. It is strongly typed - all the functions, methods, and everything you're used to still exist in TypeScript. It just has types added on too. It still works like Javascript - TypeScript can't be run on a browser. Instead, you write your code with types, and then they are compiled into vanilla Javascript without types. That means you know your code is typed properly before you compile it, after which it's just plain Javascript that can run on the web. It has a compile step, and compiles to Javascript Why use TypeScript? The main reason people and organizations use TypeScript is that - you can strongly type all of your code, and ultimately this leads to fewer bugs and issues further down the line. When the return type of a function, or the input type of a variable is defined, developers can't accidentally write instead of . it's type-safe "true" true Is TypeScript better than Javascript? TypeScript is not than Javascript - it just gives you the ability to define the types in your code. Sometimes, you may not need that, and the main disadvantage to Typescript is the . In Javascript, code is ready to go as soon as you write it, but in TypeScript, it requires you to compile it down to Javascript. better compile time In the future, in one form or another, which will potentially remove this compile step. For now, though, this takes time and may not be your preferred method of writing code if you don't have to. This is the main benefit of sticking with Javascript, but there are others - for small apps, strongly typing your code may provide no added benefit as well. types may come to Javascript Therefore, don't feel like you need to use TypeScript - use whatever makes sense for your product or organization. Conclusion If you are new to TypeScript, . It's a great language and provides a lot of safety about types that Javascript does not. TypeScript is not better than Javascript, but it may be more familiar to you if you have come from a strongly typed background. I write quite a bit about it here It may also be the preferred option if you work on large products or with many teams. You must select the toolset that applies to your situation though, but there is no harm in learning TypeScript given its growing popularity. If you've enjoyed this, you can . catch me on Twitter here Also Published here

TypeScript vs JavaScript: Understanding the Differences

A future of trust-less digital economies has never felt more possible The global adoption of blockchain technology is becoming more documented every day, with businesses and outdated frameworks in almost every industry sector able to benefit from the power of decentralisation. But as promising as this may be, the overall growth of this trailblazing technology and, in particular, the smart contracts underpinning the Ethereum blockchain, is being somewhat delayed by issues such as scalability and ease of use by those not fluent in the language of blockchain. Working on the protocols and platforms of the future, the teams behind the projects in this article are planning to see that the doors for enterprise adoption well and truly opened. Elastic Sidechains ( ) SKALE Network Technical scalability, user experience and cost issues have all been synonymous with decentralised networks such as Ethereum in recent years. offers DApp (decentralised application) developers application-specific blockchains, giving each application its own blockchain that but that doesn’t sacrifice decentralisation or security in the process. SKALE Network connects seamlessly to the Ethereum Mainnet Providing Ethereum-as-a-Service to developers through a subscription-based network, SKALE Network can support thousands of fully decentralised blockchains, also ridding of the crippling gas fees prevalent within the Ethereum network. The “ ” that SKALE Network offers means that DApps can build on high-throughput, EVM-compatible, storage-enabled and secure blockchains. Elastic Sidechain Network As an open source Web3 platform, the team behind SKALE Network look to bring speed, scalability and configurability to blockchain. Having announced , SKALE Network aims to over 40 integration partners and validators last year “advance development of Web3 technologies and make decentralized web more user friendly and accessible for developers, validators, and end users.” ( ) Cartesi Machine Cartesi Besides transaction fees and scaling issues, one of the main bottlenecks hindering global is the roadblock that a lack of compatibility with legacy software stacks presents. Solidity is no doubt a powerful and battle-tested tool for building smart contracts with, but it is by far by the world’s developers. adoption of blockchain technology not the most widely used programming language In a lane of its own, is exciting; a Linux-based virtual machine that enables non-blockchain developers to run secured via blockchains. Cartesi’s value proposition any type of computing application As the majority of projects look to either adopt Solidity and work with Ethereum, Cartesi stands out like a sore thumb, but it could very well be the missing link in onboarding the many thousands of “traditional” software developers out there that want to enter the but cannot due to limited or no knowledge of Solidity. world of smart contracts By , which is the open-source alternative to the ARM instruction set commonly used in smartphones or Apple’s M1-based computers, the Cartesi Machine in almost any programming language and development ecosystem that is supported by Linux. The second product Cartesi announced this year is Descartes Rollups, a variant of optimistic rollups with interactive dispute resolution that enables developers to code smart contracts that run on a Linux VM with a wide variety of mainstream software components instead of just Solidity. emulating RISC-V microprocessor architecture enables developers to create smart contracts The software development world wants to be more involved with blockchain, but this industry has largely been siloed due to Solidity being the predominant language used to write smart contracts. Having recently showcased the early results of their , which ultimately chose and gave them the opportunity to build using the Cartesi Machine, the team behind Cartesi are looking to that reaches far beyond the inner circles of the blockchain developer community and foster growth that will see the true adoption of smart contracts globally. DApp incubation initiative 3 projects build an ecosystem of developers ( ) zkSync Matter Labs With transaction fees on the Ethereum network seemingly , the elephant in the room is becoming un-ignorable. Ethereum is in higher demand than ever with the and, as the mainstream market floods into the cryptocurrency space once again, there has to be a solution to this bottleneck that is prohibiting the scalability that blockchain desperately needs. getting more expensive by the day introduction of so many DeFi protocols With Ethereum Founder Vitalik Buterin stating that rollups are “the only choice” for scaling the world's second biggest blockchain, are utilising the power of Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) to solve the “ ”. ZKP’s enable one party to independently verify the integrity of computations performed by untrusted counter-parties, and the Matter Labs team have used them to build as a possible solution to Ethereum’s woes. Matter Labs blockchain trilemma zkSync Powered by zkRollup technology, zkSync is a trustless protocol that enables scalable low-cost payments. Boasting mainnet-level security with zero reliance on 3rd parties, the Matter Labs team have built several ‘zkTools” including a , a and an API that provides a convenient way to into any website. wallet payment link platform integrate zkSync checkout flow The Matter Labs team are now working on permission-less smart contracts and recently announced a , a popular exchange liquidity pool that currently have over $4 billion locked inside it’s protocol. Having , Matter Labs has received support from recognised funds in the blockchain space including Hashed and Dragonfly Capital Partners. partnership with Curve Finance raised $2 million back in 2019 ( ) Arbitrum Offchain Labs By now we’ve established that the to users of the Ethereum blockchain has become an integral part of the mission to achieve global blockchain adoption. race to provide a faster, cheaper and secure experience Layer 2 scaling solutions for Ethereum Mainnet have been under development for a few years now, and some are finally read to attempt to tackle the burning issue; Offchain Labs’ Arbitrum is one such solution, or should I say solutions as there are in fact 3 products rolled up (pun intended) into a suite of scaling solutions. AnyTrust Channels, AnyTrust Sidechains, and Arbitrum Rollup. AnyTrust Channels and AnyTrust Sidechains provide the AnyTrust Guarantee which ensures that the code will run correctly as long as any validator is honest; Arbitrum Rollup, which is currently live on testnet, is like all rollups built on top of and secured by the Ethereum blockchain with all transaction data is logged on Ethereum. Arbitrum has three modes: The noticeable difference between Ethereum and Arbitrum is that Arbitrum enables users to interact with and , using the same tools that developers already use to build on Ethereum and integrating with the likes of Solidity, Vyper and Yul but without compromising on security or decentralization. deploy smart contracts at a fraction of the cost Having recently announced the release of , a port of Uniswap V2 on Arbitrum Rollup, the Offhcain Labs team look to showcase “just how awesome Arbitrum is by porting one of Ethereum’s most popular dapps”. Popular on-chain liquidity protocol in January such as Bounce, Burgerswap and MCDex. Arbiswap Bancor also launched on Arbitrum testnet alongside other DeFi protocols Conclusion With some truly pioneering technologies being designed behind closed doors, these 4 projects may well end up being the names attributed to the cambrian explosion of smart contract integration forecasted for traditional business infrastructures in 2021 and beyond. With pressure mounting for Vitalik and the Ethereum team to implement a complete and sustainable solution Think I've missed a project worth mentioning? Hit me up on Twitter.

Taking Smart Contracts to the Next Level: Projects to watch in 2021

File management is a helpful tool in any business application. Here is an overview of the most functional, elegant, and popular JavaScript File Managers ready to be built into the client-server solution. Even if you do not have a direct need to work with files, you can borrow the classic file explorer interface for other tasks. For instance, there are some cases of the classic interface becoming the basis for a new web application . in this article So, let's look at the file managers! 1. Webix File Manager Webix File Manager is a ready-made SPA. Its interface is designed to facilitate the process of customization and integration into third-party solutions. The newest version contains numerous features: dual panel mode preview panel thumbnail support for image files built-in media player text editor Users express their content with the widget. For example, Emmanual Onah used it in a project management platform for freelance translators. You can learn more about his experience in the . showcase : : Website https://webix.com/filemanager/ Download link https://webix.com/filemanager/download.html 2. Syncfusion File Explorer This is a simple file management tool that strongly resembles Windows File Explorer. It is offered by the popular Syncfusion product. The developers have provided a simplified interface design, assuming that users would develop and integrate their vision. Control performs all basic file operations like upload, download, delete, create, sort, search, and rename along with an out-of-the-box option to preview images in the file system. Here is the list of features: customizable layout design file upload and download sorting searching drag-n-drop access control selection multiple file selection localization JavaScript File Manager layout supports several built-in themes: Material, Bootstrap, Fabric (Office 365), and high contrast. Any of these integrated themes can be set or there is an opportunity for the users to create new themes. This is possible to achieve by either simply overriding the SASS variables or using the Theme Studio application. Website: https://www.syncfusion.com/javascript-ui-controls/js-file-manager Download: https://www.syncfusion.com/downloads/essential-js2 3. Bootstrap File Manager SDK This is another bright and mighty explorer, previously known as AlphaManager. If you are going to develop your project on the Bootstrap platform, this will be the right choice. The DevExpress Bootstrap File Manager provides an intuitive user interface designed to manage files and folders similarly to Microsoft File Explorer. The features include: the capability to rename, copy, move, and delete folders and files; support for different sources of file system data (physical, data source, cloud storage); the capability to download and upload files; built-in access control with support for security roles. Website: https://js.plus/products/file-manager 4. DHTMLX File Manager DHTMLX offers a high-quality file manager.  It is a convenient tool for creating user-friendly apps for managing the file system. It helps users to perform the most common file operations, such as uploading, editing, and organizing files in folders. The explorer supports files of any format and allows keeping track of the space left. Users can enjoy the following features of the solution: grid or list preview modes sorting by the alphabetic ascending or descending order context-menu support file details Besides, the DHX file explorer template claims to have easy navigation. It allows arranging folders in the tree structure and searching for necessary items by typing the name in the search box. This JavaScript file management demo follows Google’s Material Design guidelines. Website: https://dhtmlx.com/docs/products/dhtmlxFileManager/ 5. DevExtreme This library offers a simple but concise solution for managing files. The File Manager widget can display a collection of hierarchical items that present a file system structure. The widget allows end-users to easily upload and select files and to change folder structure (rename, move, copy and delete files and folders). File and folder management capabilities are fully customizable and can be switched off if necessary. Website: https://js.devexpress.com/Demos/WidgetsGallery/Demo/FileManager/Overview/jQuery/Light/ 6. elFinder A very simple yet functional file manager built with jQuery. The disadvantages of the manager include the inability to change the height of the main window, which is fixed at 400px. The tool allows you to build in a visual editor. It has an option to add images to the text. If a file Manager is enabled, you can download and get a link to the image in two clicks. In addition to uploading images to the site, you can also upload files, archives, documents, etc. A download link can be specified on the created page. ElFinder features include: creating and deleting folders and subfolders uploading files of any type downloading files from the site quick view copying and moving files archiving and unzipping the contents renaming files editing images (crop, resize, rotate) uploading files to cloud storage Website: https://github.com/Studio-42/elFinder 7. MooTools FileManager MooTools FileManager allows you to view, download, and modify files and folders using a browser. The features of the manager are: view files and folders on the server rename, delete, move (drag-n-drop), copy, and download files preview images, text files, compressed files, or audio attractive user interface upload files via FancyUpload (integrated feature) change the size of large images when loading Website: https://mootools.net/forge/p/mootools_filemanager 8. AjaXplorer AjaXplorer is a free file manager that is indispensable for remote file management on a web server. It is suitable for various purposes, such as file management, photo gallery, code viewing, etc. Requires PHP (4 or 5), no database needed. The manager has numerous features: rename, copy, move, remove, download files or folders upload multiple files track the status on the progress bar (Flash required) create folders and files edit text files and scripts (JS, PHP, HTML, Java, SQL, Perl) view photos and images listen to MP3s online without downloading watchFlash video (FLV) in full screen view and extract ZIP files Website: https://pydio.com/en/ Download: https://pydio.com/download/ 9. CKFinder CKFinder is a powerful yet easy-to-use file manager for web browsers. Its user-friendly and intuitive interface allows you to quickly learn it for all types of users, from professionals to beginners. The features include: secure file upload quick response easy and user-friendly interface create, rename, and delete folders and files multi-language support with automatic user language detection high-quality preview of images folder tree Website: https://ckeditor.com/ckfinder/ Download: https://ckeditor.com/ckfinder/download/ 10. FileRun FileRun is a file management system (in PHP) that allows you to manage files stored on your web server using a user-friendly (Ajax) interface. FileRun is completely written in PHP, and the browser is the only thing that the user will need to work with files. You can easily access your documents or files from any computer that has an Internet connection through a standard browser. Features are: convenient Ajax-based interface download and archive folders load folders (without archiving or with unzipping) unlimited space for downloading files easy management of files already existing in the file system (no import required) Website: https://www.filerun.com/ Download: https://filerun.com/download Conclusion While writing this review, a few more file management solutions may have been developed. Among the projects reviewed, many continue to be supported and updated. It means the choice is becoming wider, so the programmers may find a solution for any peculiar project. Disclaimer: The writer of this article has a vested interest in Webix

Top 10 Javascript File Managers

Los 10 mejores administradores de archivos de Javascript

Photo by on Wes Hicks Unsplash The evolution of front-end development over the last two decades has been nothing short of remarkable. In the early nineteen-nineties, front-end developers focused mainly on functionality while the layout was an afterthought. This is because there weren’t many tools and techniques to work with and and that we know today didn’t even exist. CSS JavaScript In a landscape dominated by Internet Explorer, Opera, and Netscape, front-development was concentrated on constructing tables to give the content a broad appeal. Developers were also constantly working to resolve browser bugs, but performance issues and browser compatibility weren’t a top priority. That all changed in 1995 when Brendan Eich, inspired by Java, Self, and Scheme, . The emergence of this new technology gave rise to the first frameworks and libraries and eliminated browser incompatibilities. created JavaScript while he was at Netscape Communications Over a decade later, frameworks such as MooTools, jQuery, HTML5, and AngularJS breathed new life into front-end technologies. Since then, there has been a . new JavaScript framework a library released about every six months A recent study by from 2009 to 2015 and accounted for 8% of new questions on the platform. However, the emergence of AngularJS (and later ReactJS) took the lead and dominated the mindshare of the Stack Overflow community. Stack Overflow found that jQuery was considerably popular In 2016, there was a shift from AngularJS to Angular (which also represented subsequent versions like Angular 2+) and developers raced to migrate to the latest popular framework offered by Google. Stack Overflow’s findings suggest that Angular and React are clear front-runners when it comes to front-end development with Angular generating more traffic among C#, Java, and PHP developers and Facebook’s React attracting more NodeJS, Python, and Rails developers. Where does Angular stand today? If you look at the report, React is far ahead with 13,669 of developers surveyed stating that they will use it again. Angular 1 came a distant third with 4,707 developers willing to use it again and Angular 2 came in fifth with 4,449 developers willing to use the framework in the future. State of JavaScript 2017 Javascript Frameworks over Time (Stack Overflow) The study also found that as much as 12,175 developers were interested in learning VueJS while 6,072 developers were interested in learning Angular 2. However, 9,615 developers stated that they wouldn’t use Angular 1 ever again while another 10,657 developers had heard of Angular 2 but weren’t remotely interested in using it. In Australia, about (with the highest concentration in New South Wales and Victoria) were built using Angular. In the United States, Angular had a much bigger market share with a business websites leveraging this technology. 8,143 verified business websites whopping 451,330 If you look at the numbers by industry, retail and media industries tended to use Angular and React more than any other. This makes sense as their business model is focused on delivering rich client-side experiences to create more engaging user experiences. In contrast, other sectors like government, healthcare, and education don’t seem to have much need for these types of frameworks. This might come down to the fact that their primary focus is database management and analytics, not front-end web development. What’s the community is saying? James Ferguson, Lead Front End Developer, at the thinks Angular has become more stable now and can be used exclusively (with libraries and frameworks like , and ). “With the recent upgrade to Angular 5, we use the ahead of time compiler to save bundle size and increase performance. As the ecosystem matures, we find ourselves having to write less custom web-pack code, and being able to move closer to the defaults provided by the Angular client team.” Winning Group rxjs lodash ngrx However, Adam Korczynski, Manager Delivery, prefers for day-to-day front-end development. “We decided to take that path in late 2015 when it was in version 0.4. We accepted the risk of adopting a platform which lacked maturity but aligned with our global strategic goals. Polymer comes with component isolation built-in and it’s standards-based, both of which appealed to us.” ING Polymer For an enterprise like ING, “Angular wasn’t the right fit. We were aiming to consolidate a number of disparate frameworks used across the group in favour of a single library. Angular is ‘opinionated’ and like all opinions is subject to change with minimal consultation. While deciding on which direction to take, we watched the drawn-out and controversial development of Angular 2. It highlighted the pitfalls of opinionated frameworks. Polymer, on the other hand, wraps the web components standards and — we believe — is a safer bet that’s less likely to become obsolete over time.” The case for Angular Angular, maintained by Google and a supporting community of individuals and corporations have effectively addressed many of the development challenges related to single-page applications. By providing a framework for the client-side Model–View–Controller (MVC) and Model–View–View-Model (MVVM) architectures, they have also made development and testing of applications much easier. While some front-end developers might disagree, the key advantage of Angular is its two-way data binding feature. In this scenario, both the Model and the View are synchronised. So when the Model changes, the View also changes enabling two-way data binding that can significantly reduce development time (because you don’t have to write any additional code). Another benefit is Angular’s dependency injection feature. This defines how different pieces of code will interact with each other. Dependency also dictates how changes in one component will impact others. Typically, these dependencies are directly defined within the components themselves, so any change in dependency will require you to change the code as well. But with Angular, you can use the injectors that defined dependencies as external elements to decouple components from their dependencies. As a result, dependency injections make components highly reusable and much easier to test and manage. Angular’s directives feature also allows HTML extensions to help assign behaviours to the Document Object Model. This enables developers to build rich and dynamic content with HTML. As Angular is still quite popular, front-end developers can also enjoy the support from a strong community of engineers who will help you find a robust solution for almost every imaginable problem. The case against Angular One of the barriers to Angular adoption is its steep learning curve. Since this technology is highly versatile, there’s more than one way to do things and that has been a source of confusion. However, with significant support from the community along with hundreds of tutorials, any conflict can be resolved quickly. Front-developers will also need to learn TypeScript before they can use Angular, so that will also add to its learning curve. Newer versions of Angular were also completely rebuilt, so while they may still boast the same features, there’s no backward compatibility with older versions. It’s also known for not performing well when running complex SPAs and other dynamic applications because of their size. James Ferguson agrees, “the key weaknesses of Angular compared to other frameworks are the bundle size and the community trust in the development process. The bundle size is larger than React and Vue because it’s a framework looking to provide a more complete solution. This is, however, being improved now by the Angular team, with new releases decreasing the bundle size and improving modularity and tree shaking. The Angular team also lost the trust of the community after they introduced radically breaking changes between AngularJS and Angular 2. The transitions from 2 to 4 and 5 have been greatly improved, but they still haven’t regained their earlier reputation. Compared to smaller frameworks though, developers can regain confidence knowing that this project backed by Google should retain some level of maintenance in the future.” Should you be changing? Frameworks like Angular, React, and Vue are all exceptional tools that help enhance user experiences and add value front-end development. Each has its own USPs that drive popularity and promise to play an important role for years to come. Even though React’s popularity might be soaring in recent months, it just doesn’t mean that Angular will soon be obsolete. In my opinion, Angular’s potential decline is just a myth. Facebook recently freed its from its controversial BSD and Patents license and replaced it with the more welcoming MIT license. This groundbreaking event should get even more startups onboard with React going forward. However, Google’s increased focus on . React JavaScript library and its GraphQL query progressive web apps will ensure that Angular will hold its own for years to come Should you be changing from Angular to React or Vue or even Polymer in the near future? The right answer to that question is relative to your project and business goals. Adam Korczynski suggests that you ask yourself the following questions. “Does the alternative framework address the reasons for leaving your current framework? Will it be difficult retraining or hiring developers? Is your codebase large or monolithic? If so, frameworks like Angular and React may be more appealing; if not, the cost of a mistake is smaller but the benefit of exploration can be invaluable.”

Is the Angular Decline a Myth?

I’ve recently been party to an interview for a front-end position where a colleague asked the candidate — “What do you know about Dependency Injection?”. I had a feeling this may have been a “gotcha” question, but at the time couldn’t quite articulate why. We’ve since had some time to discuss and put into words why this isn’t a great question to ask a front-end developer. I’ll also provide a bit of advice for anyone who does come across this question in an interview. So, what is Dependency Injection? Martin Fowler initially coined the phrase in his 2004 article “ ” to explain the patterns that have developed around the concept of Inversion of Control (IoC) in the Java community and how it may be applicable to other object oriented environments. It boils down to — as much as possible, allow whatever isn’t core to what a module does to be pluggable, instead of internalizing (and thus tightly coupling) a specific implementation. Inversion of Control Containers and the Dependency Injection pattern This concept was introduced to the front end via Angular, whose creator Miško Hevery was working at Google (largely a Java shop) at the time the library was open sourced. The front-end landscape then would have seemed like barbarians wielding tangled messes of jQuery and MooTools. Angular swept through like Alexander over the asiatic hordes, bringing with it a wave of discussions around “Inversion of Control” and “Dependency Injection”. But in the modern age of front-end development, with all frameworks having converged on “componentization” as the singular solution to both separating and wiring together pieces of complexity, “Dependency Injection” is now the standard operating procedure. Every function passed in via props is an “injection of a dependency”, and every component that declares a prop for handling events or user interaction is observing “inversion of control”. The borrowed terms have now been rendered obsolete through ubiquity, save perhaps for use as shibboleth for JavaScripters who have lived through the reign of Angular. That said, if you were to find yourself in an interview room where your interviewer quizzed you to say something of Dependency Injection, here are a few things you can say about how it relates to modern front-end frameworks that might at least raise an eyebrow — “There are three main styles of dependency injection […] If you read about this stuff in the current discussions about Inversion of Control you’ll hear these referred to as type 1 IoC (interface injection), type 2 IoC (setter injection) and type 3 IoC (constructor injection). I find numeric names rather hard to remember, which is why I’ve used the names I have here. “ — Martin Fowler Numeric names indeed are hard to remember, but perhaps a measured sprinkling of jargon might not be a bad idea in an interview where you are asked about Dependency Injection 😉 Let’s take a look at what analogues for these three types would look like in React. Type 3 IoC — Constructor Injection As the name implies, this component would receive its dependencies via the constructor. Here’s what such a component would look like: class Knight extends React.Component {constructor(props) {super(props);this.state = {weapon: props.weapon};}render() {return `🐴 ${this.state.weapon}`;}} And you would use it like this: <Knight weapon={sword} /> Of course, you should typically use the prop directly instead of duplicating it. Type 2 IoC — Setter Injection Instead of setting dependencies in the constructor, a component would have methods available that can be called after initialization, with dependencies passed in as the argument. class Knight extends React.Component {state = {};setWeapon = (weapon) => this.setState({ weapon });render() {return `🐴 ${this.state.weapon}`;}} Usage: componentDidMount () {this.knight.setWeapon(sword);}render () {return <Knight ref={c => this.knight = c} />;} Again, you almost certainly would not want do this instead of passing dependencies directly via props. Type 1 IoC — Interface Injection The props of a component are its interface to its clients, thus “required props” would come the closest to an analogy for interface injection with React: class Knight extends React.Component {static propTypes = {weapon: PropTypes.any.isRequired};render() {return `🐴 ${this.props.weapon}`;}} and you would use it simply as <Knight weapon={sword} /> I hope these examples illustrate how commonplace Dependency Injection has become, and gave you some talking points should the topic ever comes up. The Component + Props pattern injects dependencies on construction, continues to update (set) the dependencies past initialization, and can enforce dependencies to be passed via the props interface. It’s all three patterns in one, at least in React. (Constructor Injection is indeed still popular/unavoidable in modern Angular) Perhaps discussions around Render Props / Functions as Children (for example, Michael Jackson’s “ ”, Donavon West’s “ ”, and my own “ ”) could be seen as an extension of this conversation, where even the render function of a component is a dependency that can be injected. Libraries like epitomize this philosophy taken to its logical conclusion. But I doubt if the authors of those articles and libraries ever needed to concern themselves with that specific term. Use a Render Prop! Function as Child Components Are an Anti-Pattern Solving the problems of Higher Order Components … Downshift Thanks for reading! Much thanks for feedback and editing notes from and Jeffrey Burt Alex Wilmer You can find me on twitter . @CheapSteak 📬 to receive drafts of upcoming articles before they’re published. Subscribe to my newsletter This article is sponsored by my hobby project - Compare npm package download counts over time to spot trends and see which to use and which to avoid! npmcharts.com 📈 Here’s an interactive download histogram for react-apollo and react-relay

You don’t need to know “Dependency Injection”

9 fairy tales CSS isn’t going anywhere. A lot of the projects choose to style documents in JavaScript for wrong reasons. This article lists common misconceptions (myths) and the existing CSS solutions to those problems. Nothing in this article is meant as a personal attack against either a specific project or a person. I define “CSS in JavaScript” as using as this is the current trend for styling components in React. styled-components The authors of the ( and ; and all of the contributors) are smart persons, with bright ideas and good intentions. styled-components Max Stoiber Glen Maddern For full transparency, I should also note that I am the author of and . react-css-modules babel-plugin-react-css-modules History of CSS and JavaScript Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) language was created for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language. JavaScript has been created as a “glue language” to assemble components such as images and plugins. Over the years, JavaScript grew and mutated to adopt to new use cases. The advent of the Ajax term (2005) marks an important landmark. This is when the libraries such as Prototype, jQuery, MooTools have attracted massive communities into collaborative effort to solve data fetching in background and cross-browser inconsistencies. This created a new problem: how to manage all the data? Fast-forward to 2010, Backbone.js takes place as an industry standard for state management of the application. Not long after, Knockout and Angular charm everyone with a two-way binding. Not long after, React and Flux make appearance. This starts the era of Single-Page Applications (SPA), applications composed of components. What about CSS? In the words of styled-components documentation: The problem with plain CSS is that it was built in an era where the web consisted of documents. In 1993 the web was created to exchange mostly scientific documents, and CSS was introduced as a solution to style those documents. Nowadays however, we are building rich, interactive, user-facing applications, and CSS just isn’t built for this use-case. I disagree. CSS has evolved to capture the requirements of the modern UIs. The amount of the new features that have been in the last decade is beyond reasonable to list (pseudo-classes, pseudo-elements, CSS variables, media queries, keyframes, combinators, columns, flex, grid, computed values, …). From the UI perspective, “component” is an isolated fragment of a document (<button /> is a component). CSS was designed to style documents, which encompasses all of the components. Whats the problem? As goes the saying: “Use the right tool for the job”. Styled-components styled-components enable writing of CSS in JavaScript using tagged template literals. It removes the mapping between components and styles — component is made into a low-level styling construct, e.g. import React from 'react';
import styled from 'styled-components';

// Create a <Title> react component that renders an <h1> which is
// centered, palevioletred and sized at 1.5em
const Title = styled.h1`
  font-size: 1.5em;
  text-align: center;
  color: palevioletred;
`;

// Create a <Wrapper> react component that renders a <section> with
// some padding and a papayawhip background
const Wrapper = styled.section`
  padding: 4em;
  background: papayawhip;
`;

// Use them like any other React component – except they're styled!
<Wrapper>
  <Title>Hello World, this is my first styled component!</Title>
</Wrapper> The result: Live demo styled-components is as the new way to style components in React. now trending Lets make one thing clear: is just a higher-level abstraction on top of CSS. All it does is parse your CSS defined in JavaScript and creates JSX elements mapped to the CSS. styled-components I dislike the trend because it is surrounded by a lot of misconceptions. I surveyed people reasons for using styled-components on IRC, Reddit and Discord and compiled a list of common responses for choosing to use styled-components. I call them myths. Myth #1: It solves the global namespacing and styling conflicts I am calling this one a myth because it makes it sound like these problems have not been already addressed. , and a countless number of naming conventions (such as ) have solved this problem long time ago in the community. CSS Modules Shadow DOM BEM styled-components (just like CSS modules) take away the responsibility of the naming away from the human. Humans make mistakes; computers make them less often so. On its own, it is not a good enough reason to start using styled-components. Myth 2: Using styled-components makes for a more succinct code Often accompanied with an example such as: <TicketName></TicketName>
<div className={styles.ticketName}></div> First of all — it does not matter. The difference is negligible. Second of all, it is not true. The amount of the total characters depends on the style name. <TinyBitLongerStyleName></TinyBitLongerStyleName>
<div className={styles.longerStyleName}></div> The same applies to constructing the styles as you see later in the article ( ). styled-components win in brevity only in the cases of the most basic components. Myth 5: It makes it easy to conditionally style components Myth 3: Using styled components makes you think more about semantics The very premise is wrong. Styling and semantics represent different problems and require different solutions. To quote Adam Morse ( ): mrmrs Content semantics have NOTHING TO DO WITH VISUAL STYLES. When I used to build things with legos I never thought ‘oh this is a piece for an engine block’ I thought ‘oh cool this is a 1x4 blue lego and I can do anything I want with it’. It didn’t matter if I was building an underwater aquanauts base or an airplane — I knew exactly how to use that lego block. – http://mrmrs.io/writing/2016/03/24/scalable-css/ (I highly recommend reading Adam’s article about the .) Scalable CSS Nevertheless, lets play ball and assume there is a link. Example: <PersonList>
  <PersonListItem>
    <PersonFirstName>Foo</PersonFirstName>
    <PersonLastName>Bar</PersonLastName>
  </PersonListItem>
</PersonList> Semantics is about using the right tags to construct the markup. Do you know what HTML tags will these components render? No, you do not. Compare it with: <ol>
  <li>
    <span className={styles.firstName}>Foo</span>
    <span className={styles.lastName}>Bar</span>
  </li>
</ol> Myth 4: It makes it easy to extend styles In v1 you are able to extend styles using styled(StyledComponent) construct; v2 introduced extend method for extending the existing styles, e.g. const Button = styled.button`
  padding: 10px;
`;

const TomatoButton = Button.extend`
  color: #f00;
`; This is great. But you can do this in CSS (or using or using SASS inheritance mixin d). CSS module composition @exten button {
  padding: 10px;
}

button.tomato-button {
  color: #f00;
} What makes the JavaScript approach easier? Myth 5: It makes it easy to conditionally style components The idea is that you can style components based on their props, e.g. <Button primary />
<Button secondary />
<Button primary active={true} /> This makes a lot of sense in React world. After all, component behaviour is controlled using the props. Does it make sense to directly attach prop values to styles? Maybe. But lets look into the component implementation: styled.Button`
  background: ${props => props.primary ? '#f00' : props.secondary ? '#0f0' : '#00f'};
  color: ${props => props.primary ? '#fff' : props.secondary ? '#fff' : '#000'};
  opacity: ${props => props.active ? 1 : 0};
`; Creating a style sheet conditionally using the power of JavaScript gives you a lot of power. However, that also means that the style is a lot harder to interpret. Compare it with CSS: button {
  background: #00f;
  opacity: 0;
  color: #000;
}
button.primary,
button.seconary {
  color: #fff;
}
button.primary {
  background: #f00;
}
button.secondary {
  background: #0f0;
}
button.active {
  opacity: 1;
} In this case, CSS is shorter (229 characters VS 222) and easier to follow (subjective). Furthermore, in CSS you’d use a preprocessor to make it even shorter and grouped, e.g. button {
  background: #00f;
  opacity: 0;
  color: #000;
  
  &.primary,
  &.seconary {
    color: #fff;
  }
  &.primary {
    background: #f00;
  }
  &.secondary {
    background: #0f0;
  }
  &.active {
    opacity: 1;
  }
} Myth 6: It allows better code organization I’ve got a few people telling me that they like styled-components because it allows to have styles and JavaScript in the same file. I can see how having multiple files for the same component can appear tedious, but cramming style and markup into a single file is a horrible solution. Not only does it make the version control hard to track, it makes for a long-scroll on any component thats not a simple button. If you must have CSS and JavaScript in the same file then consider using . The latter allows you to extract the CSS at the build time using and use your standard loader configuration to process the CSS. css-literal-loader extract-text-webpack-plugin Myth 7: It makes the DX great. The tooling is awesome! You’ve obviously not used styled-components. When something goes wrong with styling, the entire app will crash with a long stack trace error (anecdotal experience using v2). Contrast this with CSS, where a “style error” will merely incorrectly render the element. Elements do not have a recognizable className, therefore you will end up switching between React element tree and DevTools DOM tree when debugging (for the record, in v2 this can be addressed using ). babel-plugin-styled-components No linting (there is a in development). stylelint plugin (e.g. clear: both; float left; color: #f00; will give no error or warning; good luck debugging, took me about 15 minutes of going through the stack traces, even reading styled-components source code. Only when I copy-pasted the code in a chat to ask for help did someone notice the missing :. You’ve noticed it, right?) Invalid styles are simply ignored Syntax highlighting, code completion, and other IDE niceties are supported in few IDEs. If you are working with finance or governmental agencies, chances are that Atom IDE is not on the table. Myth 8: Anything better performance, anything smaller bundle size As it stands, styled-components cannot be extracted into a static CSS file (such as using ). Meaning that your browser is not able to start interpreting styles until after styled-components parses them and adds them to the DOM. https://github.com/webpack-contrib/extract-text-webpack-plugin Lack of separate files means that you cannot cache separately CSS and JavaScript. All styled components are wrapped in an additional HoC by their nature. Thats an unnecessary performance hit. The same architectural flaw is the reason why I’ve discontinued (and created ). https://github.com/gajus/react-css-modules https://github.com/gajus/babel-plugin-react-css-modules Because of the HoC, if you are rendering server-side, this is going to result it a lot bigger markup document. Don’t get me started on animating components using dynamic style values vs keyframes. Myth 9: It allows developing responsive components This talks primarily about the ability to style component based on the surrounding environment, e.g. parent container dimensions, number of children, etc. First of all, styled-components have nothing to do with this. It is outside of scope of the project. You are better of directly setting the style values of the component in this case to avoid the extra overhead. However, element queries is an interesting issue and one that is becoming a hot topic in CSS, primarily to the project and its counterparts. Element queries are similar to @media queries in their syntax except that element queries operate on specific elements. EQCSS @element {selector} and {condition} [ and {condition} ]* { {css} } {selector} is a CSS selector targeting one or many elements. Ex: #id or .class {condition} is composed of a measure and a value. {css} can contain: Any valid CSS rule. (Ex: #id div { color: red }) Element queries allow to style element using conditions such as min-width, max-width, min-height, max-height, min-characters, max-characters, min-children, max-children, min-lines, max-lines, min-scroll-x, max-scoll-x, and others (see ). http://elementqueries.com/ Meowway! One day, a variation of EQCSS is going to exist in the CSS spec (fingers crossed). But wait! Most (if not all) of these things can be addressed long term, either by the community, changes in React or in styled-components itself. But whats the point? CSS is already widely supported, it has massive community around it and it just works. The point of this article is not to deter the reader from using “CSS” in JavaScript or from using styled-components. Styling using styled-components has a great use case: a better cross-platform support. Don’t use it for wrong reasons. So what to use today? It it too early to use (51% global support). Use CSS with either of the naming conventions (I recommend ). If you are worried about class name collisions (or too lazy to use BEM), use . If you are developing for React web, consider using . If you are developing for React native, is great. Shadow DOM v1 BEM CSS modules babel-plugin-react-css-modules styled-components

Stop using CSS in JavaScript for web development

In this article, we have included a list of tools that we believe are valuable and may be beneficial to our readers. However, we wish to be forthright in acknowledging that we have vested interests in some of the tools mentioned. These vested interests include financial affiliations, partnerships, or any other form of association with the companies behind these tools. Disclaimer: The emergence of and AI tools has had a great impact on the world in multiple ways. Whether it's business, academics, entertainment, sports, arts, or any other industry, AI has established relations with all of them. Automating repetitive tasks and simplifying whatever can be simplified is a fundamental objective these AI tools fulfill. Finding the right AI tool to help us get on with our day can be harder than it seems. That's precisely why Directories exist. In this article, we'll be going over some of the best AI Tools Directories that we've handpicked for you. These directories will help you find the perfect AI tool for you. So without any delay, let's learn about the best AI Tools Directories out there. AI AI Tools A Brief Intro To The Best AI Tools Directories AI Directories, like any other directory, is a collection of AI tools. These tools are sorted out nearly under various categories. Their purpose is evident, to help you find the right AI tool suited to your needs & requirements. A good AI directory minimizes the time you need to navigate and look for the best AI tool for you by having a well-curated library. In this article, we'll be discussing some of the best AI Tools Directories. They're guaranteed to help you find the perfect AI tool for you and save you lots of precious time as well. 1. AI parabellum AI Parabellum is our top pick for the best AI Tools Directories, and there are multiple reasons for that. You'll find a nicely curated set of various categories of AI tools here. Its homepage features the most commonly explored categories. AI Parabellum saves you a lot of time if you're looking for an AI tool belonging to those categories. With the option of search and 'Browse Tools', AI Parabellum makes it possible for you to find the right AI tool within seconds. It is home to numerous AI tools covering everything you'll ever need. 2. Futurepedia Futurepedia could be your stop if you've embarked on a journey to find the best AI Tools Directories. It boasts a collection of more than 1500 AI tools for different purposes. Futurepedia is a great choice because of its accurately assembled categories. Despite having a whopping 1500+ AI tools, all of them are precisely allocated to their designated categories. This helps users find the needed AI Tools within an impressively short time span. 3. Find My AI Tool As the name suggests, this AI Directory might just be what you need to find the perfect AI tool for you. Featuring numerous AI tools sorted out in the cleanest manner possible, Find My AI Tool is a comprehensive directory. It constantly gets updated and users are able to submit their own AI Tools as well. 4. FutureTools.io Are you looking for AI Tools Directories providing more than just a collection of tools? Look no more, as FutureTools.io has got you covered. With a collection of countless AI tools categorized neatly, FutureTools.io also provides you with weekly newsletters. This will help you stay updated on AI, its development, and newly launched AI Tools. 5. Product Hunt The name might've already suggested to you what this is about. Product Hunt is a reliable AI Tools Directory. It is known for its massive collection of AI tools of all sorts. It has an easy-to-use interface, ensuring quick navigation around its menus. Aside from a rich library of AI tools, Products Hunt also features various other functionalities, making it a great platform for AI & tech enthusiasts. 6. TopTools AI Ever wondered how to find the very best AI tools? Aside from spending hours foraging for them, you can simply give TopTools AI a try. Known for featuring the most popular AI tools worldwide, TopTools AI is one of the best AI Tools Directories. Whether it's writing, generating images, coding, etc, this AI Tools Directory features the best AI tools developed for those purposes. You should definitely give TopTools AI a try. 7. AI Tools Directory As the name suggests, this AI Tools Directory is one of its kind in terms of accessibility and simplicity. If you're looking for an AI tool to automate, simplify, and assist you in any task, the AI Tools Directory will help you find it in no time. It features numerous categories, and each category boasts a vast collection of highly capable AI tools. 8. There's an AI For That The name might sound amusing, but this AI Tools Directory is nothing short of amazing. The name of this directory clearly suggests the existence of an AI tool for possibly every task we do on the internet. It features a rich collection of capable AI tools to increase productivity, grow businesses, reduce workload, and streamline workflow. It is one of the best AI Tools Directories out there. 9. Favird What makes this AI Tools directory a great choice is that its browsing capabilities stand unmatched. While most AI Tools Directories feature multiple categories, Favird takes it a level higher by providing subcategories as well. It also provides you the option to search for an AI tool. This highly reduces the time needed to find a perfect AI tool for you, making Favird a great choice. 10. AiToolHunt AiToolHunt is yet another highly efficient and reliable AI Tools directory. It offers search features, well-curated categories, & other elements to help you find the AI tool of your choice quickly. Moreover, it lets you compare AI tools so you can figure out which one suits you more. AiToolHunt updates on a constant basis and you should definitely give it a try. Final Thoughts Finding the correct AI tool that is apt for your needs & requirements is a time-consuming process. AI Tools Directories came into existence to reduce that time, from newsletters to massive collections of all varieties of AI Tools, these directories cater to a huge number of internet users. In this article, we presented to you a list of some of the best AI Tools Directories we could find. These AI tools will lead you to the AI tool suited perfectly to your requirements using a variety of features. Finding the best AI tools for yourself has never been this easy. With that being said, we'll now wrap this article up in hopes that it was of help to you.

The 10 Best Directories for AI Tools

Decentralized finance is among the most lucrative and ever-evolving fields in the crypto world, second to and centralized investment options. There are over 200 Defi projects in crypto today, thus making the right investment decision is not easy especially for Defi rookies. cryptocurrencies New Defi-based platforms have been coming up recently, providing tools for analyzing and investing in and decentralized exchanges like . Some of these platforms have unique tools that can help analyze multiple markets and give the best judgments. This guide will discuss the significant tools designed to help Defi projects. Defi Uniswap DYP Tools (DYP) is a crypto DeFi project introduced to provide vast income-earning opportunities to DeFi traders. Among its best functionalities include anti-manipulation and the DYP tools. DeFi Yield Protocol Created with a straightforward dashboard, the feature is the best Defi tool. It deals primarily with Defi-centered information; therefore, it has a watchman tool that helps scout for information in DEX. Among the major features of DYP tools include; DYP tools Pool, pair, and bigswap explorers- These features' primary roles are helping investors get deep insights on pools, pairs, and bigswaps found on the DEX world. Community vote system- The voting system implanted in DYP tools allows only persons with actual investment in a project to vote on it. DYP launchpad- as the number of solutions and projects in crypto increases, DYP introduces a new launchpad that will help all upcoming projects launch their presales. DYP locker- This locker will help in locking liquidity tokens and other classes of tokens. There will be additional features like vesting to ensure this tool functions with utter reliability. A premium account where users will enjoy more comprehensive services. Defi Prime is one of the best tools to use for finance and related projects. It's a combination of a media center and analytical tool providing updates, education, and information on Defi's latest. Defi prime Decentralized There is a section dubbed Defi projects showing the different classes of Defi projects in the space, including derivatives, insurance, etc. Other essential features making up the Defi prime network include: - This section shows the most recent news in the Defi community. Defi blog - Another notable feature on the Defi prime network is the Defi rates section which shows the borrowing and lending interest rates prevailing in the Defi markets. Defi rates - A section showing the list of all Defi tokens and their performances, including their prevailing market prices, addresses, market caps, and 24hr trading volume. Defi tokens - This section has a calendar of the Defi world, showing the upcoming events for the benefit of the Defi community. Defi events Dextools is one of the most reliable Defi tools, despite it working with Uniswap only. The platform, which was launched in 2020, has been increasing in adoption due to the excellent services the network provides. Dextools It has a native token DEXT which has already performed vastly in the network, hitting an excellent market cap and unit price. However, when it comes to trading and Defi tools, Dextools boasts the following unique features; - The wallet info tool provides information about other people's wallets. Using this tool, an investor can trace their wallet and performance. Wallet info tool - designed to help investors get all-around information about individual pools in Uniswap. Pool explorer The pair explorer by the Dextool network helps provide in-depth information about all pairs on Uniswap. - The Bigswap explorer collects information about the largest swaps found on Uniswap and helps investors identify them. Bigswap explorer - Using the multiswap explorer feature, investors can view multiple pairs on a single screen. MultiSwap explorer Moontools is another excellent platform providing the best tools in the crypto world. This platform is still new and working on streamlining the services it provides. However, the platform can allow you to view and interact with data from multiple decentralized exchange platforms. Moontools The platform has made great partnerships with a platform like DuckDAO to ensure efficiency in service provision. Generally, this platform will ensure that investors and Defi projects have an easy time in crypto. Among the features already there and others upcoming include; Price alerts- this tool helps in notifying investors of positive\negative price changes that could affect their investment portfolios. Portfolio tracker- as a tracking tool, this feature will help investors check and manage the performance of their portfolio. Multiple Explorers- the platform has a token, pair, and wallet explorer tool that helps upcoming investors with vital information for thorough analysis and decision making. Final Word After looking into the Decentralized finance world, it's clear that the tools mentioned above are the best for understanding the Defi world. Defi prime has excellent analytical and calendar details about the Defi space. Dextools has excellent exploring and tracking tools. Moontools has price alerts, portfolio tracking tools, and multiple explorer options for the users. DYP has tons of tools, including pair, pool, and Bigswap explorers; thus, using it guarantees investors will make reliable decisions. The interaction of these tools makes the DYP tools feature stand out from the other Defi tools.

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