Zeelo is the smart bus platform for organizations, providing flexible turn-key and plug-in transportation programs

Zeelo

In its plan, German startup sells NPS app subscriptions to startups for per month. Startup zenloop €299 They just raised €5.3M ( ) from and others. $6M Nauta Capital Valuation Assume that sold a 20% equity stake to the investors. zenloop Then zenloop is valued at €5.3M / 20% = €26M post-money. Exit Assume that this was a Series A. And that the investors want to make 5x on their investment. And that there will be 1 follow-up round of 20%. Then zenloop must have a €26M * (5 / (1–20%)) = €165M exit value for its €26M valuation. Revenue Assume that zenloop trades at 4x trailing 12 months revenue at exit. And that there will be no cash and debt. Then zenloop must have an average €165M / 4 / 12 = €3.4M in monthly revenue for its €26M valuation. Subscriptions Zenloop charges startups €299 per subscription per month. Then zenloop must invoice €3.4M / €299 = 11,000 subscriptions per month for its €26M valuation. For context: Germany had small companies in 2018. 357,000 Originally published at venturevalue.com on March 1, 2019.

Zenloop Must Invoice 11,000 NPS App Subscriptions per Month For Its €26M Valuation

https://kiranovpoker.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Blind.png Few weeks ago I received an email from one of my student asking if I can remake the complete 8.5+ hours course without using Storyboards. I asked him why to which he responded “ ”. Udemy Because Storyboards is a wrong way to built an iOS App This is not the first time I have heard such strong opinions from a developer. When I was building web apps using the .NET framework I occasionally came across developers who had strong opinions on using stored procedures instead of ORM technologies or locking files in source control instead of merging. Each industry has its own set of , people who have a very strong opinion about something and tries to make other people have them too. Their opinion is mostly based on few bad experiences and they to convince everyone to switch their mindset. Unfortunately, the people Zealots do end up convincing are mostly junior developers. Interestingly if you start to brainwash the developers at an early age then they will also grow up to be Zealots. Zealots These holy wars exists in all communities and iOS community is no exception. In my 9+ years of iOS development I have witnessed all types of holy wars. . Here are some of the most frequent arguments among iOS developers. Heck! I have even been involved in many holy wars You should never use Storyboards and create your user interface programmatically always You should never use Core Data in your app instead use a wrapper on top of X Don’t ever use MVC pattern, always use MVVM Always use Git from the terminal and not use any graphical interface for Git Always use try? and never ever use try! Everything should be a struct and never use a class In the field of there is always more than one way to solve the same problem. The path you take depends on your needs and the architecture of your application. programming There is no silver bullet — Fred Brooks Back when I was a Microsoft MVP and attending the MVP summit where Microsoft was showing a framework which would integrate with Microsoft SQL Server Database and create the complete web user interface for you in seconds. As the presentation was going on a fellow MVP stood up and start cursing at the presenters. The person was mad because according to him Microsoft was teaching bad practices by allowing people to use this tool instead of writing all the code. This is an example of a Zealot. This person failed to understand that there are multiple ways of developing software and the tool will be beneficial to people who wants to create a frontend quickly without writing hundreds or even thousands of lines of code. Life is full of choices and in programming there are endless ways to solve a problem. Try out different ways and approaches and come to your own conclusion. PS: Pepsi is better than Coca Cola!

Zealots of Programming

The current decade will always remain etched in the annals of tech history for the unprecedented advent of artificial intelligence. It wouldn’t be farfetched to say that AI is making an indelible mark on almost every aspect of human life. Tech pundits and gurus are already predicting its far-reaching transformative effects and the occupations it will render obsolete. A potent question is whether the cybersecurity landscape is slated to incur ramifications from this onslaught. Is AI going to edge out humans, or is it likely to augment human roles? What do the industry trends tell us about it? The Ever-evolving World of Cyber Threats According to Forbes, the share impact of AI is likely to affect 15% of the global workforce. However, the Cybersecurity realm will remain immune to it because of a few key points. First is the ever-evolving nature of cyber threats. What was once considered a bane for cyber security specialists has become a blessing in disguise. AI models are adept at identifying threats and risks, but they depend on pattern feed, allowing them to pinpoint deviations. AI lacks the intuition and critical thinking to cope with anomalies falling outside the jurisdiction of the feed. In this particular scenario, AI would be incapable of formulating timely countermeasures, resulting in the compromise of organizational infrastructure. A human brain, on the other hand, is capable of rational thinking and contextual understanding, making it more adaptable, superior, and capable of interpreting previously unencountered threats and security lapses. It can also devise on-the-spot inventive measures to safeguard digital assets. After such an instance, the AI feed pattern will likely be updated with the latest information to improve and enhance its threat detection by a human engineer! Ethical and Legal Considerations Traversing ethical and legal considerations is still not the forte of artificial intelligence. When it comes to cybersecurity, these ethics and considerations become very convoluted with human behavior added to the mix. For instance, how can privacy violations of an individual’s data be curbed in a way that doesn’t infringe any rights? Regulation of surveillance and monitoring in a non-pervasive manner and, lastly, drawing a boundary between user responsibility and organizational security protocols. In broad-spectrum, AI can be taught to discern these factors but it can't substitute for human judgment and decisiveness to reach decisions that are majorly aligned with implemented standards and practices. Incident Response and Management Incident response and management capability of AI and ML algorithms have been a much-debated topic. Some proponents deem it indispensable, and some opponents are quick to point out various proverbial chinks in the armor. Though the autonomous response of cybersecurity-based AI systems operates on containment, remediation, and recovery, but again they rely on historical security and threat analysis data points. The delegation of tasks according to the criticality of threat level and undertaking adaptive strategies are better deployed when relying on the collective cognitive prowess of a human-led response team. Who is Protecting the Protector? Lastly, the AI system, which an organization might trust to shield itself, is prone to attacks. In the absence of human oversight and supervision, miscreants find inventive ways to manipulate the AI and achieve their nefarious objectives. This includes intentional and subtle data manipulation to hoodwink the AI. The technical moniker of this is “adversarial attacks”. Adversarial attacks dupe the AI into misclassifying or failing to detect a threat. Hackers might also keenly and zealously observe the AI model and record its behavior when given certain inputs. This allows them to deduce the model’s behavior, response time, and preventive measures and then develop ways to bypass it. Conclusion In conclusion, it is safe to assume that in the near future, AI will play a pivotal role in cybersecurity, but it still hasn’t attained the level of maturity, refinement, and dependability to circumvent the human element. Cybersecurity specialists will remain crucial for nurturing, training, and refining these systems for peak performance. The current decade will always remain etched in the annals of tech history for the unprecedented advent of artificial intelligence. It wouldn’t be farfetched to say that AI is making an indelible mark on almost every aspect of human life. Tech pundits and gurus are already predicting its far-reaching transformative effects and the occupations it will render obsolete. A potent question is whether the cybersecurity landscape is slated to incur ramifications from this onslaught. Is AI going to edge out humans, or is it likely to augment human roles? What do the industry trend s tell us about it? industry trend The Ever-evolving World of Cyber Threats According to Forbes, the share impact of AI is likely to affect 15% of the global workforce. However, the Cybersecurity realm will remain immune to it because of a few key points. First is the ever-evolving nature of cyber threats. What was once considered a bane for cyber security specialists has become a blessing in disguise. AI models are adept at identifying threats and risks, but they depend on pattern feed, allowing them to pinpoint deviations. Forbes , Forbes AI lacks the intuition and critical thinking to cope with anomalies falling outside the jurisdiction of the feed. In this particular scenario, AI would be incapable of formulating timely countermeasures, resulting in the compromise of organizational infrastructure. A human brain, on the other hand, is capable of rational thinking and contextual understanding, making it more adaptable, superior, and capable of interpreting previously unencountered threats and security lapses. It can also devise on-the-spot inventive measures to safeguard digital assets. After such an instance, the AI feed pattern will likely be updated with the latest information to improve and enhance its threat detection by a human engineer! Ethical and Legal Considerations Traversing ethical and legal considerations is still not the forte of artificial intelligence. When it comes to cybersecurity, these ethics and considerations become very convoluted with human behavior added to the mix. For instance, how can privacy violations of an individual’s data be curbed in a way that doesn’t infringe any rights? Regulation of surveillance and monitoring in a non-pervasive manner and, lastly, drawing a boundary between user responsibility and organizational security protocols. In broad-spectrum, AI can be taught to discern these factors but it can't substitute for human judgment and decisiveness to reach decisions that are majorly aligned with implemented standards and practices. Incident Response and Management Incident response and management capability of AI and ML algorithms have been a much-debated topic. Some proponents deem it indispensable, and some opponents are quick to point out various proverbial chinks in the armor. Though the autonomous response of cybersecurity-based AI systems operates on containment, remediation, and recovery, but again they rely on historical security and threat analysis data points. The delegation of tasks according to the criticality of threat level and undertaking adaptive strategies are better deployed when relying on the collective cognitive prowess of a human-led response team. cybersecurity-based AI systems cybersecurity-based AI systems Who is Protecting the Protector? Lastly, the AI system , which an organization might trust to shield itself, is prone to attacks. In the absence of human oversight and supervision, miscreants find inventive ways to manipulate the AI and achieve their nefarious objectives. This includes intentional and subtle data manipulation to hoodwink the AI. The technical moniker of this is “adversarial attacks”. the AI system the AI system Adversarial attacks dupe the AI into misclassifying or failing to detect a threat. Hackers might also keenly and zealously observe the AI model and record its behavior when given certain inputs. This allows them to deduce the model’s behavior, response time, and preventive measures and then develop ways to bypass it. Adversarial attacks Adversarial attacks Conclusion In conclusion, it is safe to assume that in the near future, AI will play a pivotal role in cybersecurity, but it still hasn’t attained the level of maturity, refinement, and dependability to circumvent the human element. Cybersecurity specialists will remain crucial for nurturing, training, and refining these systems for peak performance.

The Persistent Human Element in the Future of Cybersecurity

Unlike most prognosticators in the cyber industry, I will try not to inflame the hype of yet another doomsday, the sky is falling discussion on the newest threat vector. Over the past quarter in particular, that has been Generative AI (GenAI). This technology has even captured the minds (and fears) of the C-Suite and Boardrooms, quite a bit differently than when security practitioners started talking about machine learning many years ago. Most (though not all) of the GenAI conversation has seemed to revolve around its ability to amplify productivity and its potential to continue the trend of automating away tasks that shouldn’t require humans. Lots of technology companies have been touting their new “AIs”, which predominantly have meant chatbots and interactive prompts. AI-powered companies have begun marketing many of GenAI’s positive expectations: predictive analytics, phishing detection & prevention, automated security patch generation, adaptive threat detection, enhanced biometrics, anomaly detection, threat simulation & training, malware generation & analysis. And Gartner recently found that one-third (34%) of organizations planned to deploy GenAI in the next 12 months. But Crowdstrike’s 2023 Global Threat report only mentions AI once, in its CEO’s opening letter about future technology. This is a strong indicator that we aren’t yet seeing it as an attack vector or amplifier in the wild. We surmise that the 2024 Global Threat report will be similar. In January, The National Cyber Security Center in the United Kingdom published a report entitled "The Near-Term Impact of AI on the Cyber Threat" detailing the potential way AI tools could be used offensively from increasing the sophistication of phishing attacks to malware and exploit development. Microsoft just corroborated that assertion with specific examples of ChatGPT-assisted phishing. This is a welcomed addition to a body of information highly focused on the new benefits of AI rather than its risks. We’ve heard and read that “soon” state-sponsored adversaries will be using GenAI to target critical infrastructure putting lives at risk. Such statements are not useful, as those adversaries have been focused on those targets forever. What matters is whether GenAI will provide useful new capabilities to compromise them. Gartner forecasts that in the next 2 years, GenAI will cause enough additional offensive capability that companies will end up spending 15% more on application and data security. Google’s recent “Cloud Cybersecurity Forecast” also indicated that Google expects GenAI to support phishing and other social engineering attacks. And CISA, which has become the US Government’s harbinger of all things cybersecurity, released a “Roadmap for Artificial Intelligence” this past November recommending developer accountability. This followed an October Executive Order by President Biden directing a variety of federal agencies to grapple with and protect against AI-enabled threats, including, for example, content authentication and watermarking by the Commerce Department and AI safety in drug discovery by the Department of Health and Human Services. So Which Risks Are Currently Accelerating? AI will increase the speed at which relatively low-quality phishing emails will be created, and likely even the sophistication of what happens after a link is clicked (chat boxes may start to replace web forms to solicit your information and bank account details). Phishing has been the overwhelmingly preferred and successful attack to establish initial access, whether through malware or password theft. The NCSC predicts that by 2025, GenAI will substantially improve the quality of Phishing emails (particularly the spelling and grammar of those emails), and thereby, increase the difficulty in identifying such malicious requests. The NCSC also predicted that the language models will be rapidly improved as exfiltrated data is reincorporated into the training models. Given its preference and preponderance, this is certainly the vector that will be impacted the soonest – automating dumb attacks. Anti-phishing training is going to have to move far beyond spotting typos to context-based evaluation. And humans are going to have to be retrained to use password managers and not re-sign into websites without careful and meticulous evaluation and contemplation. Several new anti-phishing tools seek to mitigate these risks (pixmsecurity, agari, etc.). The NCSC’s primary conclusion is that GenAI will enhance existing tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) unevenly among categories of threat actors. We believe that in the near term, most of the benefit accrues to the unsophisticated as AI provides capability uplift in reconnaissance and social engineering. The NCSC states “More sophisticated uses of AI in cyber operations are highly likely to be restricted to threat actors with access to quality training data, significant expertise (in both AI and cyber), and resources. Such advanced uses are unlikely to be realized before 2025…AI lowers the barrier for novice cyber criminals, hackers-for-hire and hacktivists to carry out effective access and information gathering operations. This enhanced access will likely contribute to the global ransomware threat over the next two years.” While we appreciate the zealousness, we are skeptical of the timeframe. Over the next two years, we expect phishing emails to get more sophisticated and nation-states to continue training AIs on their incredibly large data sets. For emphasis, we’ll repeat – the near-term benefits accrue to the lowest-skilled hackers with limited resources executing TTPs in social engineering, phishing, passwords, and data exfiltration. We agree strongly that AI will also improve the efficiency of vulnerability scanning (“find me a server that is vulnerable to <fill in the blank>”). The NCSC stated that  "AI is highly likely to accelerate this challenge as reconnaissance to identify vulnerable devices becomes quicker and more precise.” To reference Alan Turing’s original formulation of Artificial Intelligence, GenAI dumb chatbots are likely to be perceived as real people relatively quickly. That will greatly enhance the ability of foreign criminals to sound like natives in their emailed requests for passwords, fund transfers, etc. Darktrace notes that GenAI has already “opened the door to providing offensive tools to more novice threat actors. But the efficacy of these tools will only be as good as those directing them. In the near term, we expect to see an increase in the speed and scale of familiar attack methodology.” The NCSC also suggests that GenAI will offer improvement in malware and exploit development and assistance in lateral movement, though we remain doubtful that in the next 5 years, there will be sufficient training models to enable vulnerability discovery available to non-nation-states or the largest 50 technology companies. The NCSC report essentially argues both sides, vacillating between two-year time frames and agreeing with this notion, by noting that GenAI tools would provide only minimal uplift for malware and exploit development for nation-states and organized cybercrime groups. But we are not saying that it’s impossible to happen relatively quickly; indeed, early last year HYAS researchers developed a proof-of-concept malware that leverages OpenAI to enable polymorphic code that can evade current cybersecurity products. And eventually (though we think it is at least 5 years out), GenAI systems themselves will be subject to data integrity attacks. What reasonable steps should we start to consider? We’ve reviewed a tremendous corpus of available literature looking for wisdom and practical advice on how to deal with these emergent threats (both the expected, near-term dumb ones and the hypothetical far away scary ones). As usual, the best tactical recommendations are the same recommendations that security teams have sought to implement since their establishment. These have become old saws by now: ● Establish governance approaches and workflow monitoring to ensure compliance with policies, standards, and procedures (whether by a human or an AI). ● Update and patch regularly against an asset registry or CMDB that consistently grows in the amount of coverage it represents (we hate that this still needs to be said). ● Monitor and block inappropriate access.  Better yet, develop a zero-trust architecture that inherently invalidates unexpected access. ● Develop continuous monitoring programs that ensure you have done all of the above (and alert you when something is out of the ordinary). ● Build strong security behavior programs to train employees toward secure, informed, and intentional behavior (no more than once a year, check the box security compliance videos). ● Monitor robust existing security control programs and quickly identify anomalous activity. ● Create relevant legal and compliance guidelines that detail appropriate use and security approvals for any GenAI activities. ● Create, disseminate, communicate, and evangelize acceptable use policies. In summary, over the next 5 years, we are most concerned about AI helping dumb attacks get faster and more automated (and minorly less dumb).  Darktrace agrees, claiming that we are “at the beginning of malicious actors’ applying AI techniques to automate more laborious aspects of their attacks.” All the current approaches to cybersecurity still hold – which is good news as most cyber teams remain highly taxed, being asked to do too much with too little. Unlike most prognosticators in the cyber industry, I will try not to inflame the hype of yet another doomsday, the sky is falling discussion on the newest threat vector. Over the past quarter in particular, that has been Generative AI (GenAI). This technology has even captured the minds (and fears) of the C-Suite and Boardrooms, quite a bit differently than when security practitioners started talking about machine learning many years ago. Most (though not all) of the GenAI conversation has seemed to revolve around its ability to amplify productivity and its potential to continue the trend of automating away tasks that shouldn’t require humans. Lots of technology companies have been touting their new “AIs”, which predominantly have meant chatbots and interactive prompts. AI-powered companies have begun marketing many of GenAI’s positive expectations: predictive analytics, phishing detection & prevention, automated security patch generation, adaptive threat detection, enhanced biometrics, anomaly detection, threat simulation & training, malware generation & analysis. And Gartner recently found that one-third (34%) of organizations planned to deploy GenAI in the next 12 months. But Crowdstrike’s 2023 Global Threat report only mentions AI once, in its CEO’s opening letter about future technology. This is a strong indicator that we aren’t yet seeing it as an attack vector or amplifier in the wild. We surmise that the 2024 Global Threat report will be similar. In January, The National Cyber Security Center in the United Kingdom published a report entitled "The Near-Term Impact of AI on the Cyber Threat" detailing the potential way AI tools could be used offensively from increasing the sophistication of phishing attacks to malware and exploit development. Microsoft just corroborated that assertion with specific examples of ChatGPT-assisted phishing. This is a welcomed addition to a body of information highly focused on the new benefits of AI rather than its risks. We’ve heard and read that “soon” state-sponsored adversaries will be using GenAI to target critical infrastructure putting lives at risk. Such statements are not useful, as those adversaries have been focused on those targets forever. What matters is whether GenAI will provide useful new capabilities to compromise them. Gartner forecasts that in the next 2 years, GenAI will cause enough additional offensive capability that companies will end up spending 15% more on application and data security. Google’s recent “Cloud Cybersecurity Forecast” also indicated that Google expects GenAI to support phishing and other social engineering attacks. And CISA, which has become the US Government’s harbinger of all things cybersecurity, released a “Roadmap for Artificial Intelligence” this past November recommending developer accountability. This followed an October Executive Order by President Biden directing a variety of federal agencies to grapple with and protect against AI-enabled threats, including, for example, content authentication and watermarking by the Commerce Department and AI safety in drug discovery by the Department of Health and Human Services. So Which Risks Are Currently Accelerating? So Which Risks Are Currently Accelerating? AI will increase the speed at which relatively low-quality phishing emails will be created, and likely even the sophistication of what happens after a link is clicked (chat boxes may start to replace web forms to solicit your information and bank account details). Phishing has been the overwhelmingly preferred and successful attack to establish initial access, whether through malware or password theft. The NCSC predicts that by 2025, GenAI will substantially improve the quality of Phishing emails (particularly the spelling and grammar of those emails), and thereby, increase the difficulty in identifying such malicious requests. The NCSC also predicted that the language models will be rapidly improved as exfiltrated data is reincorporated into the training models. Given its preference and preponderance, this is certainly the vector that will be impacted the soonest – automating dumb attacks. Anti-phishing training is going to have to move far beyond spotting typos to context-based evaluation. And humans are going to have to be retrained to use password managers and not re-sign into websites without careful and meticulous evaluation and contemplation. Several new anti-phishing tools seek to mitigate these risks (pixmsecurity, agari, etc.). The NCSC’s primary conclusion is that GenAI will enhance existing tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) unevenly among categories of threat actors. We believe that in the near term, most of the benefit accrues to the unsophisticated as AI provides capability uplift in reconnaissance and social engineering. The NCSC states “More sophisticated uses of AI in cyber operations are highly likely to be restricted to threat actors with access to quality training data, significant expertise (in both AI and cyber), and resources. Such advanced uses are unlikely to be realized before 2025…AI lowers the barrier for novice cyber criminals, hackers-for-hire and hacktivists to carry out effective access and information gathering operations. This enhanced access will likely contribute to the global ransomware threat over the next two years.” While we appreciate the zealousness, we are skeptical of the timeframe. Over the next two years, we expect phishing emails to get more sophisticated and nation-states to continue training AIs on their incredibly large data sets. For emphasis, we’ll repeat – the near-term benefits accrue to the lowest-skilled hackers with limited resources executing TTPs in social engineering, phishing, passwords, and data exfiltration. We agree strongly that AI will also improve the efficiency of vulnerability scanning (“find me a server that is vulnerable to <fill in the blank>”). The NCSC stated that  "AI is highly likely to accelerate this challenge as reconnaissance to identify vulnerable devices becomes quicker and more precise.” To reference Alan Turing’s original formulation of Artificial Intelligence, GenAI dumb chatbots are likely to be perceived as real people relatively quickly. That will greatly enhance the ability of foreign criminals to sound like natives in their emailed requests for passwords, fund transfers, etc. Darktrace notes that GenAI has already “opened the door to providing offensive tools to more novice threat actors. But the efficacy of these tools will only be as good as those directing them. In the near term, we expect to see an increase in the speed and scale of familiar attack methodology.” The NCSC also suggests that GenAI will offer improvement in malware and exploit development and assistance in lateral movement, though we remain doubtful that in the next 5 years, there will be sufficient training models to enable vulnerability discovery available to non-nation-states or the largest 50 technology companies. The NCSC report essentially argues both sides, vacillating between two-year time frames and agreeing with this notion, by noting that GenAI tools would provide only minimal uplift for malware and exploit development for nation-states and organized cybercrime groups. But we are not saying that it’s impossible to happen relatively quickly; indeed, early last year HYAS researchers developed a proof-of-concept malware that leverages OpenAI to enable polymorphic code that can evade current cybersecurity products. And eventually (though we think it is at least 5 years out), GenAI systems themselves will be subject to data integrity attacks. What reasonable steps should we start to consider? What reasonable steps should we start to consider? We’ve reviewed a tremendous corpus of available literature looking for wisdom and practical advice on how to deal with these emergent threats (both the expected, near-term dumb ones and the hypothetical far away scary ones). As usual, the best tactical recommendations are the same recommendations that security teams have sought to implement since their establishment. These have become old saws by now: ● Establish governance approaches and workflow monitoring to ensure compliance with policies, standards, and procedures (whether by a human or an AI). ● Update and patch regularly against an asset registry or CMDB that consistently grows in the amount of coverage it represents (we hate that this still needs to be said). ● Monitor and block inappropriate access.  Better yet, develop a zero-trust architecture that inherently invalidates unexpected access. ● Develop continuous monitoring programs that ensure you have done all of the above (and alert you when something is out of the ordinary). ● Build strong security behavior programs to train employees toward secure, informed, and intentional behavior (no more than once a year, check the box security compliance videos). ● Monitor robust existing security control programs and quickly identify anomalous activity. ● Create relevant legal and compliance guidelines that detail appropriate use and security approvals for any GenAI activities. ● Create, disseminate, communicate, and evangelize acceptable use policies. In summary, over the next 5 years, we are most concerned about AI helping dumb attacks get faster and more automated (and minorly less dumb).  Darktrace agrees, claiming that we are “at the beginning of malicious actors’ applying AI techniques to automate more laborious aspects of their attacks.” All the current approaches to cybersecurity still hold – which is good news as most cyber teams remain highly taxed, being asked to do too much with too little.

GenAI - Soon to Be Great for Automating Dumb Attacks

“Cypher” alludes to encryption and , while “punks” talk about rebellious people. Rebellious people who use encryption and cryptography tools as shields and weapons: they’re the privacy activists known as Cypherpunks. Satoshi Nakamoto was one of them, but the founding members appeared long before. Judith Milhon, known as “St. Jude,” was the person who first suggested this name for the group. And made a lot of other things too. cryptography She wasn’t exactly quiet before that, though. She emerged from the beat/hipster scene in Cleveland, Ohio, in the 1960s. Engaged in civil rights activism, she participated in significant events like the 1965 voting rights march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama. in Washington (USA) in 1939 and taught herself programming by 1967. She was born In case you don’t get it: voting rights for African Americans, who then suffered from a harsh law of racial segregation in the country. Milhon was white herself but fought anyway for the rights of her compatriots. Years later, after her involvement in technology, she also advocated for women's inclusion in the emerging cyberculture. Her first job as a programmer was at the Horn & Hardart vending machine company in New York. However, she soon relocated to Berkeley, California, as part of the counterculture movement. , where she played a role in installing the communications controller for the BCC time-sharing system. This is a precursor of modern computing paradigms where resources are shared among many users, such as cloud computing and virtualization. She was also employed by the Berkeley Computer Company (BCC) Community Memory In 1971, just after divorcing her first husband and moving to San Francisco, Milhon teamed up with other community activists and technology enthusiasts at Project One, an focused on leveraging technology for social impact. Within Project One, she was especially intrigued by the Resource One project, which aimed to pioneer the Bay Area's first computerized bulletin board system. Their objective was to use this system to facilitate communication and information sharing among residents. intentional community In 1973, a subgroup of individuals from the Resource One team, including Milhon, decided to split off and establish their own project. “Community Memory” was also adopted as the name of the machine itself: a Teletype Model 33 terminal linked to an SDS 940 computer via telephone connection, employing a 10-character-per-second acoustic coupled modem. This initiative eventually became known as in Berkeley. Community Memory It may sound and look terribly old for all of us, but it was the first time using a computer for a lot of people back then. The machine was placed at the staircase entrance of Leopold's Records in Berkeley next to a bustling traditional bulletin board. Anyone could come and read what others posted for free, or pay a small fee to post a new forum or announcement. All of this was before the massive creation and adoption of personal computers, and even before the release of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners Lee in 1989. It fostered local community engagement, particularly among artists, and its legacy can be traced to the bulletin board services (BBS) and newsgroups that inspired the World Wide Web. Despite its humble beginnings, Community Memory laid the groundwork for modern online communication platforms. Mondo 2000 and Cyber-activism Jude Milhon made significant contributions to the cyberculture landscape as both an activist and a pivotal figure at Mondo 2000, a renowned cyber-culture magazine of the early 1990s. As a leading cyber-feminist and early cypherpunk, she advocated for women's inclusion and empowerment in the burgeoning digital realm. But Milhon's activism also extended beyond gender advocacy, aligning with the countercultural ethos of the time, promoting free speech, and challenging societal norms. further solidified her status as a voice of the cyber community. Serving as a senior editor, Milhon leveraged the platform to explore cutting-edge topics at the intersection of technology, society, and human consciousness. Her writings and editorials not only reflected the avant-garde spirit of the magazine but also contributed to shaping the discourse around emerging digital phenomena. Her tenure at Mondo 2000, considered a precursor of the currently renowned Wired, Beyond her editorial role, Milhon's influence as a cypherpunk underscored her commitment to individual freedoms in the digital age. She viewed hacking not just as a technical pursuit but as a form of resistance against oppressive systems, emphasizing the importance of circumventing imposed limitations. Just as she shared in her “ :” Nerdgirl's Pillow Book “Hacking is the clever circumvention of imposed limits, whether imposed by your government, your IP server, your own personality, or the laws of Physics (...) Hacking doesn't stop with computers. Every revolutionist is a hacker, hacking the social system. The nerd-heroic Wright brothers hacked bicycles before they started hacking airplanes (...) The hacker approach works for everything in life. At least, it will make you more likely to analyze the elements of your life. At best it will make you want to transform those elements like an alchemist.” A Legacy for Everyone in Cyberspace In essence, Jude Milhon's multifaceted contributions as an activist, cyber-feminist, and cypherpunk underscored her unwavering dedication to fostering a more inclusive, free, and empowered digital society. Her work at Mondo 2000 and her advocacy efforts continue to inspire generations of technologists and activists striving for a more equitable and liberated cyberspace. She also left behind several published books: How to Mutate & Take Over the World: An Exploded Post-Novel (1997), Cyberpunk Handbook: The Real Cyberpunk Fakebook (1995), and Hacking the Wetware: The NerdGirl’s Pillow Book (1994). She passed away in 2003, not without : reminding us “Whether we're set upon by zealots or bigots or abusively correct politicos, we have to learn to defend ourselves.” As she and her teammates, , knew very well, the best way to defend ourselves in this censored and monitored digital world is by using encrypted and decentralized technology to protect our privacy and freedom. , with its decentralized architecture, stands out as a potent tool for safeguarding personal data and liberties in the digital realm. the cypherpunks Obyte This platform stands out primarily due to its Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) system. Unlike blockchain networks, which rely on linear chains of blocks and miners or “validators” who create them, Obyte's DAG architecture enables users to register their transactions themselves, without middlemen. Additionally, Obyte incorporates features such as smart contracts and autonomous agents, which further enhance privacy and freedom online. Smart contracts enable users to execute self-enforcing agreements without relying on intermediaries, while autonomous agents automate tasks and transactions, reducing the need for human intervention and potential points of vulnerability. By adopting cypherpunk principles, Obyte gives everyone the means to assert their rights and resist censorship in an increasingly surveilled digital landscape. Read more from series: Cypherpunks Write Code Tim May & Crypto-anarchism Wei Dai & B-money Nick Szabo & Smart Contracts Adam Back & Hashcash Featured Vector Image by Garry Killian / Freepik Jude Milhon Photograph by Montgomery Police Department

Cypherpunks (and Women) Write Code: Jude Milhon and Community Memory

সাইফারপাঙ্কস (এবং মহিলা) কোড লিখুন: জুড মিলহন এবং কমিউনিটি মেমোরি

Cypherpunks (und Frauen) schreiben Code: Jude Milhon und Community Memory

Cypherpunks (y mujeres) escriben código: Jude Milhon y la memoria comunitaria

Les Cypherpunks (et les femmes) écrivent du code : Jude Milhon et la mémoire communautaire

साइफरपंक्स (और महिलाएं) कोड लिखें: जूड मिल्होन और सामुदायिक मेमोरी

サイファーパンク (と女性) がコードを書く: ジュード・ミルホンとコミュニティの記憶

사이퍼펑크(및 여성)의 코드 작성: Jude Milhon 및 커뮤니티 메모리

Cypherpunks (e mulheres) escrevem código: Jude Milhon e Community Memory

Шифропанки (и женщины) пишут код: Джуд Милхон и память сообщества

Şifrepunklar (ve Kadınlar) Kod Yazıyor: Jude Milhon ve Topluluk Hafızası

Cypherpunks (và phụ nữ) Viết mã: Jude Milhon và ký ức cộng đồng

密码朋克（和女性）编写代码：Jude Milhon 和社区记忆

76 Stories To Learn About Fintech Trends

Let's learn about via these 76 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Bitcoin Adoption /Learn Repo 1. About Bitcoin: What Altcoins and Shitcoins Don't Seem To Get After 30 years of trial and error, this new, pristine asset class called Bitcoin has emerged, it’s here, staring at you in the face. It works. 2. Q&A on BTC with Tongan Noble: Member of Parliament Lord Fusitu'a An interview with a Tongan Noble and member of parliament working to help Tongans adopt Bitcoin. 3. #Debunked: 3 False Narratives Surrounding Bitcoin Bitcoin false narratives debunked , bitcoin mining, bitcoin illicit activity, bitcoin CIA, Bitcoin use cases 4. Saudi Arabia’s Ban on Bitcoin is Unlikely To Last Cryptocurrencies have been under the microscope by regulators around the world. With South Korea pleading for an outright ban on cryptocurrency earlier this year, which is the third largest market for cryptocurrency now seems to be backtracking on cryptocurrency. 5. WTF Does A Bitcoin ATM Do? How To Use A Bitcoin ATM? What Is A Bitcoin ATM? How does a Bitcoin ATM Works? Nearest Bitcoin ATM. 6. People Will Not Use Bitcoin Just Because You Gave it to Them (And That’s OK) You’ve probably noticed a meme that’s gone around the cryptosphere for the last few years. 7. An Intro to Bitcoin and How it Works Bitcoin is a money technology, the first drastic change since the creation of banking over 900 years ago. 8. Are Businesses Turning to Bitcoin in a Dangerous Way Following the Hong Kong Protests? Businesses in Hong Kong Begin Accepting Bitcoin, but Could it be Risky? 9. Boycott RobinHood: Trading Apps Reviewed - CakeDeFi Vs. WeBull Vs. TradeStation In this article, we want to present the top 3 Robinhood alternatives, which have proven to be unbiased and allow you to invest safely, free from manipulation. 10. Nakamoto's idea Vs The Real World: How Bitcoin Is More Mainstream Than You Think Millions of people still wonder. Can bitcoin and mainstream finance (fiat money) ever get along? 11. Global Bitcoin Adoption; A Case of Game Theory Game theory examines interactive decision-making where the activities of all "players" affect the results for each participant. 12. Dogecoin (DOGE) Up 20% Despite Bitcoin (BTC) Dip Over the past week, Dogecoin (DOGE) was up 20%, compared to a 3% jump in Bitcoin (BTC) price. 13. My First Bitcoin Rendezvous As a person who is very slow to technological advancements and procedures, the decision to own a bitcoin came very late but it was worth it. 14. Trust Machine Raises $150 Million in Funding from Breyer Capital, DCG and Hivemind to Expand Web 3 Trust Machines raised $150 million to bring Web 3 to Bitcoin with funding from VCs. 15. Crypto is a Meme. So is Every Other Investment Our legacy financial system has turned money into a meme. People believe in it because everybody else believes in it. Is that so much different than crypto? 16. Five Reasons Why BlackRock’s Bitcoin Embrace is a Big Deal BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manager, has launched a spot bitcoin to give its clients direct exposure to the world’s largest digital asset. 17. How Can Crypto and Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDCs) Help Communities At the moment, it’s hard to see sustainable benefits that would outweigh the enormous cons of introducing retail CBDCs. 18. Bitcoin in 2021 - Insights from Chainalysis Chainalysis' Chief Economist shares insights into Bitcoin as a maturing asset. 19. 3 Common Reasons Why Hedge Funds Still Refrain from Investing in bitcoin For people familiar with the cryptocurrency sector, it’s common knowledge that institutional investors such as hedge funds largely shy away from the area. 20. "Let's build an economy that works for us, not the economy we need to escape from" China banning crypto and Bitcoin again, but would it affect the market? Recent mining ban, crypto ban discussed and explained. 21. Behind The Iron Curtain: Impact on Business & Finance. Interview with Elena Obukhova, Crypto Expert Interview with Elena Obukhova explaining how the situation in Russia can affect the world economy. Brands and talents are on the run, crypto is at a high demand 22. Bitcoin Adoption: Where Do The Countries Stand? what emerging economies gain from adopting bitcoin and cryptocurrencies [23. Better than Cash. Introducing [1502]’s ‘Cash-Coin’](https://hackernoon.com/better-than-cash-introducing-1502s-cash-coin) Offline bitcoin transactions. Free, instant, anonymous transactions and communications. Anyone can join. No limitations. No limits. 24. China Intensifies Crypto Crackdown A quick rundown on past cryptocurrency regulation in China, along with some predictions of possible futures. 25. Is Bitcoin A Good Investment In 2022? Bitcoin may have more in common with traditional financial assets like bonds and stocks than other cryptocurrencies making it a particularly enticing investment 26. The Natural Evolution of Bitcoin Needs Services Like Sovryn: Rationale Behind Our Investment Bitcoin gave us the right and the option to have a currency and asset that is not controlled by the government but by market forces instead. 27. PayPal's Bitcoin Play Will To Create A Sharp Uptick in Crypto-Adoption PayPal’s user base could generate demand for over 15% of Bitcoin’s current market cap over the next 12 months. 28. How Did Investors React To Bitcoin's ATH? Bitcoin's recent price surge ensured the cryptocurrency reached an all-time high, breaking beyond the $66,000 barrier for the first time. What should we expect? 29. What’s Bitcoin Going to Do? Bitcoin has just crashed, losing around half of its value. What's going to happen now? Who knows what Bitcoin is going to do? It could go either way. 30. When I First Heard Of Bitcoin The first time we all heard of Blockchain many years ago probably didn't hint at the potential that the cryptocurrency has shown to demonstrate in recent years 31. Crypto Adoption or Abandonment: What Will India Decide? As a result, the rushed RBI 2018 proposed ban on crypto trading left the Indian traders uncertain about the future for over two years. 32. 10 Shared Beliefs of a Bitcoin Maximalist While some maximalists assert that altcoins are just unregistered securities, most consider them technically and morally questionable, if not outright scams. 33. Bitcoin vs Altcoin: Similarities and Differences Explained Bitcoin and Crypto are often understood as the same term while they are not. We miss out on the term Altcoins that back the Crypto world. Let's read about them! 34. What Makes Bitcoin so Groundbreaking and How to Take it Forward Darwin's law of natural selection, commonly known as the survival of the fittest, defines it as the "principle by which each slight variation [of a trait], if useful, is preserved”. 35. "Ukrainians [are] among the top adopters of cryptocurrency in the world" Bitcoin among other Cryptocurrencies may soon be used legally in Ukraine, once President Volodymyr Zelensky signs legislation passed by Ukraine’s Parliament. 36. Developers Unite for the First Bitcoin Banking Hackathon, Happening in El Salvador Banco Hipotecario will launch the first Bitcoin banking hackathon in El Salvador, entitled “Bitcoin Bankathon,” to fuel financial innovation in the country. 37. Bringing DeFi to Bitcoin Ecosystem: Because, What Else? It’s time to build DeFi money lego on the Bitcoin ecosystem. 38. Get Unconfirmed Bitcoin Transactions Validated Faster Using Electrum This is only a basic guide for new users who just need to get their unconfirmed transactions mined quickly, I do not cover the advanced setup requirements to use Electrum in a private way. 39. Where is Bitcoin Going in 2021? An Interview with Brock Pierce, Chairman of the Bitcoin Foundation I interviewed Brock Pierce, Chairman of the Bitcoin Foundation, on his thoughts about Bitcoin and crypto in 2021. 40. A Proposal for Bisq + Social Trading: My Thoughts and Ideas So quite a while ago, we have made a proposal Bisq. It got rejected, and to be honest, we don't blame them. We had an overarching goal to make a social trading integration within the Bisq platform and allow for this great use of blockchain tech and a decentralized financial ecosystem. It was all fairytales, and bliss, except for one thing. How will this possibly work? 41. Why Centralized and Decentralized Exchanges Need Cross-Platform Integration The entrance of institutions into the Bitcoin market has been a blessing. However, this influx is causing problems for the liquidity of Bitcoin. 42. Bitcoin Bull Market: Comparing 2020 against 2016 The uptrend period when Bitcoin approached $ 18,000 and what's going on reminds us of Cycle Theory in the past, as well as the uptrend of 2016 - 2017, simply because the market could change. change, but human psychology is the same. We will look back at the two phases: 2016-2017 and the current period, so that investors can draw their own conclusions about what to do when the market is in the FOMO phase. 43. Bitcoin As The Ultimate Insurance: Why $11,000 is Just The Beginning Two decades ago, Nobel Prize-wining economist Milton Friedman said: 44. How To Become A Software Developer in the Blockchain Industry in 2020 Recently, I talked to Artur Meyster at Career Karma about jobs in the blockchain and cryptocurrency industry. He put together an article you might enjoy, which I’m publishing on his behalf. 45. Problems With Cross-Chain Bridging and Direct Integrations With Web2 Blockchain bridges are hard to do technically and susceptible to hacks. That's why other solutions like direction integrations are needed. 46. "Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks" - Where To Find this on the Bitcoin Blockchain "Where can I find the famous title of The Times in Bitcoin blockchain? Is the page saved into the blockchain?" 47. Bitcoin: Unsafe at Any Price Once bitcoin's price starts going up again, you may get tempted to buy. Read this first. 48. Lightning fast: Bitcoin payments for retailers There are several reasons why the world is talking about retailers accepting Bitcoin in the first place. Firstly, there are millions of crypto holders worldwide with over 42 million blockchain wallets. In some countries, the number of people who own crypto reach up to 25% of the population. Secondly, the transactions are fast and secure. Thirdly, the transactions are cheap. 49. ScriptSig: A Bitcoin Architecture Deep Dive Today Luke Asks: 50. Here’s Why You Should Not Buy Bitcoin 20 reasons not to buy bitcoin. Investing isn't for everyone. Bitcoin has a way of humbling everyone who gets involved with i.t 51. A Concise History of Bitcoin From 1983 to 2015 The history of cryptocurrency started years before the Bitcoin launch. But Bitcoin remains the major cryptocurrency until now. The main points in Bitcoin histor 52. Is Bitcoin a failed experiment? Bitcoin has seen some ups and downs in recent years. Is there any merit to the cryptocurrency or is it a failed experiment? 53. We are Entering the Age of Monetary Exploration Cryptocurrency is full of people who believe in old economic theories that have never been tried in the real world. There’s an almost zealous adherence to esoteric principles that seem to have no place in our modern lives. 54. El Salvador: A Week After Bitcoin Became an Official Currency Bitcoin becomes an official currency of El Salvador and automatically becomes a foreign currency worldwide, why El Salvadorian people protesting? 55. Bitcoin On The Brink of Mass Adoption. Whither Next? Over the last few months, we have seen major growth of interest in Bitcoin. Tesla, Mastercard, Visa, PayPal, Apple Pay, Uber, Amazon, General Motors, Twitter, and Oracle – all of them began talking about crypto integration as a payment method. 56. If You Want Bitcoin to Succeed, Then F&ck the Institutions Institutional investors don't hold the key to Bitcoin's growth. They're definitely not looking out for you or your interests. 57. How to Make Crypto Simple and Trustworthy: CryptoEQ Cofounder Interview Houston, Texas “Would you ever invest in something you don’t understand?” Spencer Randall asked me. It is a compelling question, one of the challenges preventing mass cryptocurrency adoption. “People don’t understand Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. That’s why we’re here to share our insights, analysis, and make more people aware of this asset class.” 58. What Tudor Jones' Bitcoin Investment Means for Other Institutional Investors and Bitcoin The recent disclosure by Wall Street investor Paul Tudor Jones that his
Hedge Fund will start trading bitcoin futures to gain an exposure to
bitcoin of approx 2% of their total investment portfolio made the
financial headlines the past week. What was little discussed though
where the reasons that caused Tudor Jones to take such an important and
still contrarian investment step for a highly respected institutional
investor on Wall Street. 59. The Lightning Round With StevieSats: 2022 Noonies Nominee Interview - Internet Heroes Stevie is a FinTech editor and co-founder of Womxn In Crypto, an educational community obsessed with Bitcoin and blockchain tech. She loves cryptography! 60. Why Bitcoin Remains the Financial Asset of Choice the Long Term So far in 2022, the entire crypto market has been impacted by wider economic and political uncertainties, led by Bitcoin, with prices down more than 50% over. 61. "Our magic is 360-degree Market Analysis, Trading Signals & Sentiment Analysis" - Spencer Randall Houston, Texas “Would you ever invest in something you don’t understand?” Spencer Randall asked me. It is a compelling question, one of the challenges preventing mass cryptocurrency adoption. “People don’t understand Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. That’s why we’re here to share our insights, analysis, and make more people aware of this asset class.” 62. Bitcoin Pizza Day: Celebrating The Irony Laszlo needed to prove a point; bitcoin can be inherently exchanged for goods, the hardcore attribute of anything that seeks to act as a medium of exchange. 63. Deciphering Pesticide Resistance in the Digital Currency Space Uncontrolled use of deanonymizing technologies, such as blockchain forensics and darknet monitoring tools can threaten long-term security and safety of digital ecosystems. 64. The New 60/40 Portfolio: Bonds, Bitcoin, and Cash? Not that bitcoin's outperforming equities, is it time to reflect on the role of stocks in the 60/40 portfolio? 65. A PSA to Bitcoin Newbs A Public Service Announcement to Bitcoin Newbs: How to drown out the noise, stack sats and stay focused on the Bitcoin bull cycle. 66. The Bitcoin Price in the Long Run (Part 2 - Fibonacci Ratios Everywhere!) Part 1 of this series of analysis articles introduced Elliott Wave Principle (EWP). The core assumption is counter-intuitive, at first: "The Wave Principle argues that markets are not driven by fundamentals or news, but instead by “social mood” – the collective psychology of all market participants" 67. Looking for a New Bitcoin Narrative? It’s the Same as the Old One Some people think bitcoin's narratives have failed and we need new ones, but there's only one narrative that matters - always has, always will. 68. Bitcoin Halving: A Technical Deep Dive Today (11 may 2020) it's a very important day for Bitcoin. Today we will have the halving! 69. Bitcoin As A Safe Haven Asset: An Evaluation Bitcoin isn’t exactly a safe haven asset yet but its monetary policy and its long-term trajectory shows that it’s working it’s way there. 70. Bitcoin Mass Adoption Hinges on Cash Access Many have said we are closer than ever to mass adoption of bitcoin. However, we can't fully realize this vision without cash on-ramps and off-ramps to Bitcoin. 71. About The Money In Your Pocket...Or Your Bank: Creation And Evaporation of Value As I briefly explained in this other post, money is something that has always interested me. 72. How The Bitcoin Threshold Will Be Broken Via Institutional Adoption During the month of August, many investors were excited to see Bitcoin shatter past the $12,000 barrier, but it was unable to hold steady after hitting a high of $12,482.20 on August 16th. 73. An Insider’s View on Digital Asset Opportunities for Institutional Investors Leaders in DeFi and digital assets discuss digital assets for institutional investors, regulation, prime services and what lays ahead. 74. Time To Find Out If Bitcoin Is Legal In Your Country Bitcoin’s competitive advantage comes from being the first cryptocurrency created. It has since spawned a worldwide community of millions of devoted followers. 75. The Best Way to Talk to Normal People About Cryptocurrency In August 2019, I published Stop Arguing With People. Show Them How Cryptocurrency is Useful. Earlier this year, I wrote Education Will Not Get People to Use Bitcoin—Here’s Why. 76. Bitcoin is NOT the silver bullet for El Salvador’s economic woes — here’s why Bitcoin is NOT the silver bullet for El Salvador’s economic woes — here’s why. Thank you for checking out the 76 most read stories about Bitcoin Adoption on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

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