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My about analyzing my university’s gym crowdedness over the last year using generated a lot of great responses — including: most recent post machine learning How neat! I always wanted an excuse to never go to the RSF [our gym] again. Can you do this for our other campus locations as well? How do I do something like this myself? First, I’m sorry you feel that way about the gym and I sincerely hope the oncoming wave of doesn’t completely crush your dreams of working out forever. New Years Resolutioners Second, yes. I’m in the process of creating more predictive models for the other ten campus locations tracks. Machine learning requires a lot of data, so it may take some time before the models are ready for training. Packd Lastly, great question! In my last post I hinted about how exactly you can do this yourself: I’ve deployed my Random Forest Regressor on to generate predictions as an API call. Algorithmia I’ve since realized this requires a lot more explanation, and it’s the subject of this post. My process may not be the best, but hopefully by illustrating it, I can learn from my mistakes and give you a starting point. The rest of this post assumes you have basic knowledge of machine learning as a concept, you know Python, and you’re familiar with APIs. We’ll use for this tutorial. scikit-learn Developing a Model Locally The first step is to create a machine learning model locally (on your computer) to test things out. The data for this is located for downloading. You’ll need to install: here Numpy (pip install numpy) Pandas (pip install pandas) Scipy (pip install scipy) Scikit-learn (pip install scikit-learn) We’ll need to create a prediction model using the data. The following is taken from my kernel over at : Kaggle import numpy as np # linear algebra import pandas as pd # data processing, CSV file I/O (e.g. pd.read_csv) RandomForestRegressor train_test_split StandardScaler from sklearn.ensemble import from sklearn.model_selection import from sklearn.preprocessing import df = pd.read_csv("data.csv") # or wherever your data is located data = df.valuesX = data[:, 1:] y = data[:, 0] X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.25, random_state=42) # Extract the training and test data # all rows, no "number_people" # all rows, "number_people" only scaler = StandardScaler()scaler.fit(X_train)X_train = scaler.transform(X_train)X_test = scaler.transform(X_test) # Scale the data to be between -1 and 1 # Create your prediction modelmodel = RandomForestRegressor(n_estimators=140)model.fit(X_train, y_train) Let’s pause here for a second. I’ve breezed over some important details in the code above. First of all, I didn’t have to modify any of my data (do things like convert column values of “yes / no” to 1/0) because I already did that part behind the scenes. Second, choosing the correct model is not a trivial thing, and I seem to have pulled the Random Forest Regressor out of thin air. (I didn’t really, check my for details). Last, why did I set n_estimators to 140? Normally we’d want to do a over our hyperparameters to find the optimal n_estimators, but I did the hard work behind the scenes already (it takes a while). first post Grid Search The last line is the most important — it actually performs the learning part of the algorithm. It changes the state of the variable From here on out, we can throw new data at the model to make predictions: model. test_output = model.predict(X_test) # predicted valuesscore = model.score(X_test, y_test) # accuracy score, around 0.90print(test_output) Here are the predicted number of people for the test data: array([ 44.92142857,  54.22142857,  45.35714286, ...,  47.95714286,63.27142857,  40.22142857]) Great! This isn’t really predicting the future yet — the test data was actually a quarter of the original historical data ( ). If we want to really predict the future, we need to do a lot more work. more on the test/train data split In order to predict how crowded the gym will be in the future, we need a new array of column values where everything except the target label, , is filled in. The details of how to fill these in probably will take another post, but the general idea is to create several datetimes in the future, and for each one, add each feature value (the timestamp, day of the week, will it be a weekend, will it be a holiday, will it be the start of the semester, etc). For weather feature values, I used the API to make forecasts. number_people Dark Sky Let’s say you now have an array of times in the future for which you want to predict how crowded the gym will be. Here’s how you do it: X_predict = generate_prediction_data() # your special call herescaler = StandardScaler()X_predict = scaler.fit_transform(X_predict)predictions = model.predict(X_predict) Congratulations! The variable now holds the predicted number of people for each of your datetimes in the future. Now, if you wanted, you could generate predictions for the rest of the year, or the century, or whenever, and call that your predicted values. However, this seems like it would take a huge amount of memory and probably wouldn’t be very accurate the further in the future you go. It would be much better to the model we created and only bring it out when we want to make predictions. Here’s how in sklearn: predictions store sklearn.externals joblib from import # How to save the model:joblib.dump(model, "prediction_model.pkl") # You can quit your Python process here, even shut off your computer. # Later, if you want to load the saved model back into memory:model = joblib.load("prediction_model.pkl") It’s easy to store already-trained models in scikit-learn. Of course, your users can’t call you on the phone every time they want predictions so you can generate them on your computer. They’ll need to make an API call of some kind to a service you provide that does the predicting. Storing Your Model in the Cloud You could store the file on your server and load it whenever someone makes a request for predictions, but turns out loading this file uses up a lot of memory. In my case, more than I was allotted by my hosting company. It’s better to host your machine learning model on an entirely different server. You have a few options here from big companies, including , , and . prediction_model.pkl Google Microsoft Amazon However, I decided to go with a smaller, lesser known company to try it out. Algorithmia is a relatively new company based in Seattle that specializes in “algorithms as a service”. Users of the platform can create code snippets and host them on Algorithmia and call their code as an API. In addition, these developers can charge users for access to their code. It’s an interesting business idea and I’m eager to see how it works out, but for now I’m just using the hosting service idea. other After you make an account, you’ll want to upload your to the data section. Here, I have several prediction models, each one ending in the .pkl extension: prediction_model.pkl Uploading is as easy as drag and drop, and takes a few minutes if you have larger prediction models (> 500 MiB). The next step is to create an algorithm that uses your data to make predictions. Make Predictions as a Service Call Under the “More” tab at the top of Algorithmia, you’ll find the Add Algorithm button. Next you need to fill in the details of how your algorithm operates. I enabled “full access to the internet” and “can call other algorithms” just in case. This means my algorithm can call external web APIs, like the weather API, and call algorithms I create on Algorithmia. Dark Sky other Algorithmia provides a code editor online for you to edit your algorithm. Once you create your algorithm, you’ll be brought here: Every algorithm consists of an method, that takes one input, conveniently named . The variable is whatever you define it to be, since you’ll be the one calling the algorithm. Usually, will be a 2-dimensional array of your features, where each row is missing the column you want to predict. For me, that’s . Here’s an example : apply input input input number_people input input = [[1.072308379173353,0.772801541291309,0.0,0.0,0.24191249808036538,-0.36311268827583276,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.034839680120056],... ] If we throw at the I created , we’ll get back a list of the predicted for each feature row, just like we want. The only thing left is to mirror this behavior as a service call. Let’s finish the code on Algorithmia. input model locally number_people Before continuing, make sure you add the correct dependencies to your code. Since we’re using sci-kit learn, here’s all we need to add: Finishing up the source code, we get this: It’s very short, but this will work. When a new correctly formatted is passed to this algorithm, the code will find the path of the file we uploaded earlier, load it into memory using joblib, and finally make the prediction and return it. Click “Save”, “Compile”, then “Publish” to finish your algorithm. input prediction_model.pkl You’ll end up on this page, which is the finished result. If you scroll down to “Use this Algorithm” and click on the Python tab, you’ll see how easy it is to make a call to your algorithm. Algorithmia import input = <INPUT>client = Algorithmia.client(<Your Algorithmia Key here>)algo = client.algo('nsrose/testalgo2/') algo.pipe(input) print This will work anywhere, from any computer that has Python and Algorithmia installed (pip install algorithmia). All you have to do is make sure you format your correctly! input Why is This a Good Thing? : By calling and making predictions as an API call, your app can be free of the concerns of machine learning mechanics. All it needs to do is create correctly formatted inputs. Separation of ML concerns from the rest of your app : Loading *.pkl files into memory is a heavy task and probably not suitable for small applications on limited servers. Outsourcing this job to Algorithmia is a good alternative. Ease up on memory consumption : Algorithmia recently added support for Git repos, so you can edit your code offline and push the changes. Source control your ML code Suggestions for Improvement Add debugging tools to the online code editor Add integrations (Slack notifications when someone uses your algorithm perhaps) Thanks to the folks at Algorithmia who helped answer my questions. I think you have a good product and I hope it takes off!

Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) with Sklearn and Algorithmia

In this session of our "Behind the Startup" series, we sit down with Zad, the visionary founder of OpenCred, to explore the revolutionary concept of tokenizing trust in the Web3 environment. As a Stanford-certified expert in blockchain and cryptography, Zad discusses the inception of OpenCred, its unique approach to digital identity through eSFT tokens, and its ambitious mission to reshape social and economic interactions online. Ishan Pandey: Hi Zad, great to have you here for our "Innovators in Web3" series. Can you tell us about your background and what led you to create OpenCred? Zad: As a postgraduate in Blockchain Strategy and Stanford-certified cryptography expert, I have spent years conducting cutting-edge research in asset tokenization, DID, and cybersecurity. Trust is actually one of the most difficult things to measure and quantify, no matter “IRL” or online. Now with blockchain and tokens we finally have the tools to tackle this problem in a novel way. I founded OpenCred to bring tokenized trust to the Web3 industry, unleash the hidden potential that lies in social relationships, and eventually enable the establishment of a decentralized society. Ishan Pandey: Could you start by explaining what OpenCred is and what specific gap in the Web3 space it aims to fill? Zad: OpenCred is a decentralized Web3 credit protocol that applies a new token standard called “eSFT” to tokenize trust relationships into tangible and quantifiable economic assets. Our vision is to empower users to monetize their online activity while guaranteeing data privacy and ownership. By providing a blockchain-based solution for establishing and measuring trust relationships, OpenCred fills a crucial gap in the Web3 ecosystem: enabling trustworthy interactions and collaboration without relying on centralized intermediaries or KYC. Ishan Pandey: In the deck, you mention that OpenCred introduces a groundbreaking trust value (credit) quantification for Web3. Can you elaborate on how this works and why it's important? Zad: OpenCred aggregates both on-chain (e.g., DeFi TVL, smart contract interactions) and off-chain data (e.g., social media followers and interactions) to tokenize trust in the form of CRED tokens. This means users can increase their personal trust value by increasing their online activity and footprint. Each CRED is unique to the user and contains a number of fungible Score Tokens (ST) that determine the value of a user’s CRED. By thus providing a measurable and objective way to assess trustworthiness, OpenCred enables secure, traceable, and efficient trust-based interactions in various Web3 applications, such as social media, e-commerce, DeFi, and gaming. This groundbreaking mechanism is crucial for fostering a trustworthy environment in the digital space and enabling countless new use cases in many areas from B2B to B2C to C2B to C2C. Ishan Pandey: The CRED token seems to be a key component of the OpenCred ecosystem. Can you explain its dual nature as a semi-fungible token and how it represents both identity and trustworthiness? And how does this design benefit users of your platform? Zad: CRED tokens are a groundbreaking innovation of OpenCred, creating a new token standard we call embedded semi-fungible token (eSFT) that combines both non-fungible (unique) and fungible (interchangeable) properties. The non-fungible part of the token represents a user's unique identity within the OpenCred protocol, ensuring that each user has a distinct and verifiable presence. On the other hand, the fungible part of the token quantifies the user's trustworthiness, which is determined by their interactions (on-chain & off-chain) and the amount of CRED tokens they receive from others. This design benefits users by empowering them to monetize their online activity and social relationships. Moreover, by tokenizing trust and making it quantifiable and tangible, we are creating a new kind of asset that simply has not existed before, thereby creating huge value. Ishan Pandey: How does sending CRED between users facilitate the building of a trustable and quantifiable social graph in Web3? Zad: When a user sends CRED tokens to another user, they are essentially establishing a trust relationship that is recorded on the blockchain. This transaction signifies that the sender trusts the recipient to a certain degree, based on their interactions, reputation, or other factors. As users continue to interact and send CRED tokens to each other, a dynamic, evolving on-chain social graph emerges. The social graph is quantifiable and traceable. This quantification of trust enables users to make informed decisions when interacting with others, as they can assess the trustworthiness of potential collaborators, partners, or service providers based on their position in the social graph. Ishan Pandey: With OpenCred positioning itself as a provider of "Trust as a Service," how do you ensure the reliability and security of the trust metrics generated by your protocol? Zad: There is a clear friction between incentivizing users on the one hand and ensuring the authenticity of trust relationships on the other hand. We are aware of this and will tackle this problem in multiple ways. First of all, we will connect the sending of CRED with some actions such as “follow”, “like”, etc., so that the transfer of CRED corresponds with the establishment of a meaningful trust relationship. Secondly, we will implement punishments for sybil attackers and other malicious behavior. Additionally, OpenCred implements a multi-layered governance model that involves community participation and decentralized decision-making. This approach helps to maintain the integrity and fairness of the trust metrics, as the community can collectively monitor and flag any suspicious activities or attempts to manipulate trust scores. To further enhance the reliability of trust metrics, OpenCred incorporates a reputation staking mechanism, where users are required to stake a portion of our governance tokens to participate in trust-building activities. OpenCred places a strong emphasis on user education and awareness. By providing clear guidelines, tutorials, and best practices for using the trust protocol. Ishan Pandey: How do you plan to drive adoption and grow the OpenCred ecosystem, particularly in terms of attracting both users and developers? Zad: OpenCred actively seeks partnerships and collaborations with established Web3 projects across various sectors, such as social media, e-commerce, gaming, and decentralized finance (DeFi). We currently have established partnerships with over 10 Web3 projects with close to 1 million daily active users ready to onboard our protocol once it is live. To attract developers, OpenCred will provide a range of tools, SDKs, and documentation to facilitate the integration of its trust protocol into various applications. The protocol will offer developer grants, hackathons, and bounty programs to incentivize the creation of innovative trust-based solutions. By fostering a vibrant developer community and providing the necessary resources and support, OpenCred aims to accelerate the development of a diverse range of dApps that leverage its trust infrastructure. OpenCred's tokenomics model is designed to incentivize user participation and ecosystem growth. The governance token serves as the primary means of interaction within the OpenCred ecosystem, used for establishing trust relationships, staking, and accessing trust-based services. The protocol will implement a reward system that incentivizes users to actively participate in trust-building activities, such as providing accurate trust assessments, staking tokens, and contributing to the network's security. These incentives will drive user adoption and encourage long-term engagement with the OpenCred ecosystem. Don’t forget to like and share the story! Vested Interest Disclosure: This author is an independent contributor publishing via our business blogging program. HackerNoon has reviewed the report for quality, but the claims herein belong to the author. #DYOR. In this session of our "Behind the Startup" series, we sit down with Zad, the visionary founder of OpenCred, to explore the revolutionary concept of tokenizing trust in the Web3 environment. As a Stanford-certified expert in blockchain and cryptography, Zad discusses the inception of OpenCred, its unique approach to digital identity through eSFT tokens, and its ambitious mission to reshape social and economic interactions online. Ishan Pandey: Hi Zad, great to have you here for our "Innovators in Web3" series. Can you tell us about your background and what led you to create OpenCred? Ishan Pandey: Zad: As a postgraduate in Blockchain Strategy and Stanford-certified cryptography expert, I have spent years conducting cutting-edge research in asset tokenization, DID, and cybersecurity. Trust is actually one of the most difficult things to measure and quantify, no matter “IRL” or online. Now with blockchain and tokens we finally have the tools to tackle this problem in a novel way. I founded OpenCred to bring tokenized trust to the Web3 industry, unleash the hidden potential that lies in social relationships, and eventually enable the establishment of a decentralized society. Zad: Ishan Pandey: Could you start by explaining what OpenCred is and what specific gap in the Web3 space it aims to fill? Ishan Pandey: Zad: OpenCred is a decentralized Web3 credit protocol that applies a new token standard called “eSFT” to tokenize trust relationships into tangible and quantifiable economic assets. Our vision is to empower users to monetize their online activity while guaranteeing data privacy and ownership. By providing a blockchain-based solution for establishing and measuring trust relationships, OpenCred fills a crucial gap in the Web3 ecosystem: enabling trustworthy interactions and collaboration without relying on centralized intermediaries or KYC. Zad: Ishan Pandey: In the deck, you mention that OpenCred introduces a groundbreaking trust value (credit) quantification for Web3. Can you elaborate on how this works and why it's important? Ishan Pandey: Zad: OpenCred aggregates both on-chain (e.g., DeFi TVL, smart contract interactions) and off-chain data (e.g., social media followers and interactions) to tokenize trust in the form of CRED tokens. This means users can increase their personal trust value by increasing their online activity and footprint. Each CRED is unique to the user and contains a number of fungible Score Tokens (ST) that determine the value of a user’s CRED. By thus providing a measurable and objective way to assess trustworthiness, OpenCred enables secure, traceable, and efficient trust-based interactions in various Web3 applications, such as social media, e-commerce, DeFi, and gaming. This groundbreaking mechanism is crucial for fostering a trustworthy environment in the digital space and enabling countless new use cases in many areas from B2B to B2C to C2B to C2C. Zad: Ishan Pandey: The CRED token seems to be a key component of the OpenCred ecosystem. Can you explain its dual nature as a semi-fungible token and how it represents both identity and trustworthiness? And how does this design benefit users of your platform? Ishan Pandey: Zad: CRED tokens are a groundbreaking innovation of OpenCred, creating a new token standard we call embedded semi-fungible token (eSFT) that combines both non-fungible (unique) and fungible (interchangeable) properties. The non-fungible part of the token represents a user's unique identity within the OpenCred protocol, ensuring that each user has a distinct and verifiable presence. On the other hand, the fungible part of the token quantifies the user's trustworthiness, which is determined by their interactions (on-chain & off-chain) and the amount of CRED tokens they receive from others. This design benefits users by empowering them to monetize their online activity and social relationships. Moreover, by tokenizing trust and making it quantifiable and tangible, we are creating a new kind of asset that simply has not existed before, thereby creating huge value. Zad: Ishan Pandey: How does sending CRED between users facilitate the building of a trustable and quantifiable social graph in Web3? Ishan Pandey: Zad: When a user sends CRED tokens to another user, they are essentially establishing a trust relationship that is recorded on the blockchain. This transaction signifies that the sender trusts the recipient to a certain degree, based on their interactions, reputation, or other factors. As users continue to interact and send CRED tokens to each other, a dynamic, evolving on-chain social graph emerges. The social graph is quantifiable and traceable. This quantification of trust enables users to make informed decisions when interacting with others, as they can assess the trustworthiness of potential collaborators, partners, or service providers based on their position in the social graph. Zad: Ishan Pandey: With OpenCred positioning itself as a provider of "Trust as a Service," how do you ensure the reliability and security of the trust metrics generated by your protocol? Ishan Pandey: Zad: There is a clear friction between incentivizing users on the one hand and ensuring the authenticity of trust relationships on the other hand. We are aware of this and will tackle this problem in multiple ways. First of all, we will connect the sending of CRED with some actions such as “follow”, “like”, etc., so that the transfer of CRED corresponds with the establishment of a meaningful trust relationship. Secondly, we will implement punishments for sybil attackers and other malicious behavior. Additionally, OpenCred implements a multi-layered governance model that involves community participation and decentralized decision-making. This approach helps to maintain the integrity and fairness of the trust metrics, as the community can collectively monitor and flag any suspicious activities or attempts to manipulate trust scores. To further enhance the reliability of trust metrics, OpenCred incorporates a reputation staking mechanism, where users are required to stake a portion of our governance tokens to participate in trust-building activities. OpenCred places a strong emphasis on user education and awareness. By providing clear guidelines, tutorials, and best practices for using the trust protocol. Zad: Ishan Pandey: How do you plan to drive adoption and grow the OpenCred ecosystem, particularly in terms of attracting both users and developers? Ishan Pandey: Zad: OpenCred actively seeks partnerships and collaborations with established Web3 projects across various sectors, such as social media, e-commerce, gaming, and decentralized finance (DeFi). We currently have established partnerships with over 10 Web3 projects with close to 1 million daily active users ready to onboard our protocol once it is live. To attract developers, OpenCred will provide a range of tools, SDKs, and documentation to facilitate the integration of its trust protocol into various applications. The protocol will offer developer grants, hackathons, and bounty programs to incentivize the creation of innovative trust-based solutions. Zad: By fostering a vibrant developer community and providing the necessary resources and support, OpenCred aims to accelerate the development of a diverse range of dApps that leverage its trust infrastructure. OpenCred's tokenomics model is designed to incentivize user participation and ecosystem growth. The governance token serves as the primary means of interaction within the OpenCred ecosystem, used for establishing trust relationships, staking, and accessing trust-based services. The protocol will implement a reward system that incentivizes users to actively participate in trust-building activities, such as providing accurate trust assessments, staking tokens, and contributing to the network's security. These incentives will drive user adoption and encourage long-term engagement with the OpenCred ecosystem. Don’t forget to like and share the story! Vested Interest Disclosure: This author is an independent contributor publishing via our business blogging program. HackerNoon has reviewed the report for quality, but the claims herein belong to the author. #DYOR. Vested Interest Disclosure: This author is an independent contributor publishing via our business blogging program . HackerNoon has reviewed the report for quality, but the claims herein belong to the author. #DYOR. Vested Interest Disclosure: business blogging program business blogging program

How OpenCred Makes Trust Tangible via Tokenization

কিভাবে ওপেনক্রেড অনলাইনে বিশ্বাস তৈরি করতে টোকেনাইজেশন ব্যবহার করে

Wie OpenCred Tokenisierung nutzt, um Online-Vertrauen aufzubauen

Cómo OpenCred utiliza la tokenización para generar confianza en línea

Comment OpenCred utilise la tokenisation pour renforcer la confiance en ligne

ओपनक्रेड ऑनलाइन विश्वास बनाने के लिए टोकनाइजेशन का उपयोग कैसे करता है

OpenCred がトークン化を利用してオンラインで信頼を築く方法

OpenCred가 토큰화를 사용하여 온라인 신뢰를 구축하는 방법

Como o OpenCred usa tokenização para construir confiança online

Как OpenCred использует токенизацию для укрепления доверия в Интернете

OpenCred Çevrimiçi Güven Oluşturmak İçin Tokenizasyonu Nasıl Kullanıyor?

Cách OpenCred sử dụng mã thông báo để xây dựng niềm tin trực tuyến

OpenCred 如何使用代币化在线建立信任

In 2023, Tesla experienced its biggest insider threat of the year in May, announcing that it had suffered a massive data breach, marking what is possibly the biggest breach in the company’s history, with __ __and former employees having personally identifiable information (PII) leaked. over 75,000 employees According to the reports which dubbed the stolen data as “The Tesla Files”, the 100 GB leak included: Employees’ personal information like their names, addresses, phone numbers, and Social Security numbers Customer bank details Production secrets Customer complaints about Tesla’s Full Self-Driving (FSD) features Even CEO Elon Musk reportedly had his Social Security number leaked. We have since learned that there were two culprits behind the breach: who sent the massive data dump to the German newspaper Handelsblatt. two former Tesla employees The good news for Tesla is that the outlet has announced that they will not be publishing the contents of the leak. As a journalistic organization, especially in Germany, Handelsblatt could find itself in hot water for publishing peoples’ PII. However, the publisher did note the fact that the leaks included complaints about safety issues with the vehicles, which could still cause Tesla a fair amount of grief as writing about these issues could easily fall in the “public interest” bucket for journalists. The bad news is that the company may still be on the hook for in fines due to data privacy violations under GDPR. $3.3 billion While the leak is interesting in itself for reasons of scale and the high profile target, in this article, we are going to look at the role that fostering loyalty with employees can play in helping to tamper with the desire of employees to want to turn against their organizations. But first, let's take a look at Tesla’s history of dealing with insider threats. Tesla's History of Insider Threat Incidents This is not the first time that Tesla found itself in the headlines in terms of an insider threat incident. In fact, the company has a mixed bag when it comes to its history of insider threat incidents over the years. In 2018, Musk announced that a malicious employee had conducted " " to the company, exfiltrating large quantities of data and making changes to their systems. extensive and damaging sabotage The employee reportedly was angry over not receiving the promotion that they thought they thought was coming to them and decided to make their displeasure known through less than pleasant means. On the other side of the scale, in 2020, an employee alerted the company that he had been approached by an old acquaintance who tried to . Thanks to the employee’s warning, Tesla was able to thwart the attack, and the ransomware crew member was arrested. bribe him into helping carry out a ransomware attack In both cases, we see the potential damage a malicious insider can cause to their organization and frankly how easy it can be for them to be successful. Why are Insider Threats so Difficult to Stop? Insider threats are one of the hardest for organizations to defend against because they are legitimate users who are already inside your systems. Unlike outsiders who need to steal/phish/buy credentials and then defeat MFA, an insider is a real user inside your organization who can act totally normally until the moment that they do not.\ This means no indicators of compromise and no leaked credentials showing up on “Have I been Pwned.” You often will not detect it until the damage has been done. An additional factor is the fact that many insider threats are not actually malicious. While they cause real harm with their leaks, they act unintentionally through mistakes and general negligence. According to the Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report for 2023, was the cause of 98% of errors that led to a data breach. carelessness This difficulty in detection has led many organizations to look for ways to head off incidents before they happen, looking at strategies for prevention. This is where the question of motivation and loyalty comes into play. Negative Impactors on Employee Loyalty Year after year, the number one motivator for insider threat incidents is financial gain. You know, good old-fashioned greed. And yet, the seed that leads to the betrayal is planted long before an employee decides to take the more drastic steps of stealing or harming your data. Looking at the , researchers found that 89% of privilege misuse cases were financially motivated, followed by a “grudge” at 13%. Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report for 2023 So, what leads to that grudge? According to Jacques Y. Kassa’s 2021 thesis “ at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA, depression, hopelessness, frustration, disgruntlement, and anger are all emotional factors that play into insider threats. ” Modeling the Relationship Between Loyalty and Insider Threat Not a groundbreaking insight but we also know that organizations do not invest enough effort in checking in with employees to see how they are feeling about their place in the organization. Kassa writes that motivators like ideology, vengeance, retribution, espionage, and activism are more frequent in government organizations than in the civilian sectors. Perhaps in the case of Tesla, there may have been a desire to share some of the safety data with the public, though there is a question of whether this is activism or retribution. There are, however, a couple of factors to watch out for. Underpaid and Underappreciated Being well compensated for your work is the top motivator for basically every employee. Better than extra snacks or company activities, employees need to feel that they are appreciated for their work, and commensurate compensation is a clear indicator of that recognition and respect. Feeling Part of the Team During the pandemic, one of the struggles faced by organizations was in employees maintaining a sense of being on the team. Going remote meant not strengthening the in-person, informal bonds that can make a person feel comradery with their co-workers and deter them from wanting to cause them harm. After all, if these are just people that you see on Zoom calls and email chains, what do you owe them if a better opportunity comes along? This has primarily been a problem for retention, but it can also impact motivations for someone turning malicious. Mass Layoffs and the Great Resignation We are at a cultural moment that is frankly different from where we were five or ten years ago. Uncertainty in the job market is a constant, with organizations laying off large quantities of workers in massive waves. Big players like Amazon have cut workers in the past year, while Microsoft has laid off over people. 27,000 10,000 This has led to the justified feeling among many that their companies are not loyal to them. So why should they show loyalty back? Why not take some customer data or valuable IP before you get shown the door if it might give you a leg up at your next job? Combine this uncertainty with the Great Resignation that saw workers leave jobs that they may have put up with for something better. Maybe they found a better location, something totally remote, or having other good conditions that they decided to seek greener pastures elsewhere. Many simply looked around and saw that plenty of others were leaving their jobs, so why not them, too? 3 Tips for Reducing Insider Threat Risk Given the ways that employee loyalty can be diminished, how can organizations improve the positive feelings that their employees have and reduce their risk of an insider threat incident? Here are a few suggestions. Provide an Outlet for Frustration or Concerns Beyond the need to feel appreciated, people need to feel that they have a place to turn to when something is bothering them at work. A question any company, especially a manufacturer, should ask is whether employees have a place to go where they can voice ethical concerns in-house and see that they are handled with due seriousness. If workers do not have an internal channel for dealing with concerns, then they may seek options elsewhere. Invest in Education and Training There’s an interesting question about when it comes to accidental insider-caused incidents. On the one hand, they do not actively choose to harm their employer since the case is unintentional. However, on the other hand, a lack of interest in following the guidelines due to a lack of a strong commitment to their organization probably plays a role in these incidents occurring. Dealing with the non-malicious actors requires fewer sticks and more carrots to get results. Training and education can play a critical role here in preventing incidents. The advantages here can be two-fold. Learning the proper protocols for handling sensitive data and systems teaches them how to do the job correctly and safely. It also gives them a sense of ownership. When your organization invests time and resources into training them how to be better at their job and protect the organization, then chances increase that they will try to implement what they learn in the courses. Encourage but Verify with User Behavioral Analytics Even as we work to increase the level of trust with employees, we need to implement measures to verify that folks are on their best behavior. This means putting in place User Behavioral Analytics tools for continuously monitoring behavior in order to establish a baseline of activity. Once we understand how people normally interact with the systems that they are entitled to work with and think about which applications, data sets, etc they interact with regularly, then we can detect when they begin to act anomalously. Most insider threat cases follow similar patterns in that they have threat actors abuse their privileges and find ways to exfiltrate their pilfered data. By monitoring sensitive files, we can see who is accessing them and potentially who is stepping outside the lines and needs to be followed up with. Loyalty is Earned, Not a Given One note for clarification. Companies are not families. They hire, fire, downsize, and work in their own self-interest. Most of us do not fire our family members, even if we want to sometimes. Employees have the same right to leave an organization if they feel that their own needs are not being met. Having loyalty to a company does not mean that someone should stay if they are not happy. What it does mean is that if the organization acts properly, then it will engender enough goodwill to keep employees on the ethical and legal path of not stealing their data or seeking to cause them harm. And that may count for enough to help diffuse and prevent a potential incident.

Data Breach: What Tesla’s Biggest Insider Threat in 2023 Can Teach Us Going Into 2024

ডেটা লঙ্ঘন: 2023 সালে টেসলার সবচেয়ে বড় অভ্যন্তরীণ হুমকি কী আমাদের 2024-এ যেতে শেখাতে পারে

Datenschutzverletzung: Was uns Teslas größte Insider-Bedrohung im Jahr 2023 für das Jahr 2024 lehren kann

Violación de datos: lo que la mayor amenaza interna de Tesla en 2023 puede enseñarnos de cara a 2024

Violation de données : ce que la plus grande menace interne de Tesla en 2023 peut nous apprendre à l’approche de 2024

डेटा उल्लंघन: 2023 में टेस्ला का सबसे बड़ा अंदरूनी खतरा हमें 2024 में क्या सिखा सकता है

データ侵害: 2023 年のテスラ最大のインサイダー脅威が 2024 年に向けて私たちに教えてくれること

데이터 침해: 2023년 Tesla의 가장 큰 내부자 위협이 2024년에 우리에게 가르쳐 줄 수 있는 것

Violação de dados: o que a maior ameaça interna da Tesla em 2023 pode nos ensinar em 2024

Утечка данных: чему нас может научить крупнейшая инсайдерская угроза Tesla в 2023 году в 2024 году

Veri İhlali: Tesla'nın 2023'teki En Büyük İçeriden Tehdidi, 2024'e Girerken Bize Ne Öğretebilir?

Vi phạm dữ liệu: Mối đe dọa nội bộ lớn nhất của Tesla vào năm 2023 có thể dạy chúng ta điều gì khi bước sang năm 2024

数据泄露：进入 2024 年，特斯拉 2023 年最大的内部威胁可以告诉我们什么

Thomas Cherickal is a postgraduate in CS and theology who has rediscovered the love of coding after many years of delving into music after he passed out of college. He currently freelances with clients on Upwork and . His biggest passion now is research in AI, and it never ceases to fascinate him. In his mind, the music of Bach and Handel, theories for AGI development, and a HuggingFace API program in Python occupy the same address space. In this interview, he reveals a little more of what fascinates him and his obsession with math, coding, spirituality, violin, choral singing, badminton, and recently, generative learning, the latest research, and now, transformer neural networks and LLMs. officially creates content for a software project template development company called ProjectPro 1. What do you currently do and what’s your favorite part about it? I read research papers and formulate theories of my own. They occasionally turn out to be new and fascinating. I dreamt of being a research scholar, now I’m doing a research scientist’s work and getting paid for it! I also develop AI applications and am working on open-source Python projects. I also play the violin as a ministry, sing as a ministry and in choirs in 4-part harmony (bass), play badminton as a hobby, and go to the gym to keep the dopamine at racing levels. I also belong to two church choirs and one semi-professional choir. I am also a Confirmed Jesus Youth (all formation modules finished - the first batch passed out worldwide). 2. How did you get started with your Tech Career? I initially thought I would be a mathematician because problem-solving is an addiction for me, I changed to CS once I discovered Python programming. Ever since then, (2010) I have not stopped working on CS problems and research papers from free RSS feeds. Even a course on theology, taken for exploratory reasons (I thought I should be a priest!), did not dissuade me from this practice. Of course, at that time, it was a hobby, and my pace of learning was limited. After rejoining the software industry with 4W Technologies in 2016, it became a passion. I have realized that I have far too much creative energy to code for an enterprise (would never work out) and have instead passed on to a self-guided exploration of cutting-edge computer science and technology. 3. If Utopia were a color what color do you think it’d be and why? White because white is perfection. A flawless work of art - be it a poem, a program, a ground-breaking research paper, or a piece of music like a Bach composition. Purity is what I value the most. 4. If everything about HackerNoon changed drastically, what is one detail you’d like to keep exactly the same?  OR What’s your favorite thing to do with HackerNoon and why? The readership and the audience size. My favorite thing about HackerNoon is the size of the user base and the readers. I love to put up my latest research exploration and the odd finding on the site. I just wish they had a better monetization program. After getting 25,000 reads, you would think you’d be paid. But I guess that’s one thing this platform has to work out on its own. I look forward to the day when HackerNoon will be paid as much if not more than the Medium Partner Program. 5. Tell us more about the things you write/make/manage/build! I’m very passionate about learning as much AI as I can. I now work with Python to build Transformer models for general-purpose applications (MetaGPT). I also have to learn Julia  because that is the future of AI. I also realize that I need to learn Rust because functional programming languages are the future of software development.  (I already know Golang and Dart). I build AI-enabled Mobile applications and high-performance blockchain models (HoloChain and Hedera Hashgraph). But Transformers are my primary research interest right now. Right now I seem to be extracting almost a concoiusly sentient personality from my LLMs. It’s actually scary if you look at it that way. 6. What’s your favorite thing about the internet? The convergence of the entire world on a global scale. Sitting in my room or coffee house or gym, I can access any part of the world - USA, UK, China, Russia, India, Japan, Canada, Italy - and tap into their information. I’m a programming and information addict, which is the coolest part of the Internet. The world is at your fingertips. Once you know APIs and REST, the entire Internet is at your disposal. This ability to almost be omnipresent on the Internet is completely underrated. The entire world is now dependent on a functioning World Wide Web. It’s scary that we have even a single system point of failure. If the Internet goes down permanently, so does the rest of the world. That would be a starting point for your next question. 7. It’s an apocalypse of ‘walking dead’ proportions and you can only own a singular piece of technology, what would it be? 3D-printed food synthesizers and water purifiers. People need to eat and drink! And preferably something other than me! But I would also save a New Jerusalem Version Bible. And the Anne Catherine Emmerich books, all four volumes. Then some empty notebooks and pens that have a very long lifetime because I never intend to stop journaling, as long as I can. I believe that everyone’s life is a gift and it’s worth making it meaningful, significant, and wonderful to write about. 8. What is your least favorite thing about the internet? The Dark Web. The less said, the better. 9. If you were given $10 million to invest in something today what would you invest in and why? I would diversify! I would invest 2 million USD in apartments and rent them out at market rates employing sufficient workers to maintain them (Rich Dad, Poor Dad). I would buy 100,000 USD worth of the 20 lowest price cryptocurrencies available. I would get a computer that actually can run my programs. I mean, really freak out. 256 GB DDR RAM, 256 GB Optane RAM, 128 GB Graphics Card x 4 cluster, 128 TB HDD, several ultra-large monitors for coding purposes, ergonomic input devices and chair, and an ultra-large living space for myself (maybe a new house) where I can exercise and play sports and even swim. That would be cool. The remaining 5 million USD would go to religious orders like the Missionaries of Charity and the Foundation for Free CS Education For Street Children, a Foundation for Volunteering as a Break-Time from Work, a Foundation to Sponsor the Education of the Poor and Marginalized, and a Foundation to Learn English worldwide. 10. What’s something you’re currently learning or excited to learn? Organizing Julia into a large code base and following good programming architecture principles, and of course, Rust! On a serious spiritual note, we are learning the Deliverance Charism Ministry in the Unbound Program. Sexual sin plagued me for years before I discovered friends and fellowship from Jesus Youth, of both genders. Helping people by delivering them from the evil spirit’s influences would be fantastic. I know that’s weird for an intellectual but I stand by my experiences and my faith. 11. Would you rather travel 10 years into the past or 10 years into the future? Give reasons for your answer. Ten years into the future. The world has a beginning and an end. I want to live to see the end. Not a perverse thought but a statement I stand by as a dedicated Catholic charismatic Christian and a Jesus Youth. I somehow feel I have a mission at that time. And that my entire life has been a preparation for that. Also, signs and wonders and the need for faith to survive on the earth are highly motivating factors at the time of the apocalypse. I feel strongly that in 2023, we are not far away from an environmental tipping point of no return. Sorry to end with such a pessimistic outlook, but that’s my belief and that’s my answer.

Thomas Cherickal - Independent Theoretical Researcher Working for ProjectPro

In our increasingly interconnected world, the need for skilled cybersecurity professionals has never been greater. As digital threats evolve and technology becomes more integral to our lives, the demand for experts who can safeguard sensitive data and systems continues to grow. If you're intrigued by the prospect of a dynamic and impactful career, the realm of cybersecurity offers a plethora of pathways to explore. In this article, we'll delve into the diverse avenues you can take to enter the exciting world of cybersecurity. What is Cyber Security? Cybersecurity is like a digital shield that keeps your personal information and online activities safe from bad actors on the internet. Just like you lock your doors to protect your home, cybersecurity uses tools and practices to prevent hackers and malicious software from stealing your data, invading your privacy, or causing harm to your computer and devices. It's all about safeguarding your digital life so you can browse, shop, communicate, and work online with confidence and peace of mind. Is Cyber Security a Good Career for You? The world of cybersecurity offers a dynamic and rewarding career path for those passionate about protecting digital landscapes. As cyber threats continue to evolve, the demand for skilled professionals who can defend against these risks is on the rise. Whether you're intrigued by ethical hacking, risk management, or securing networks, the field provides a range of specialized roles to match your interests. With industry-recognized certifications, constant learning opportunities, and the chance to make a tangible impact on digital safety, a career in cybersecurity could be the perfect fit for you. Cyber Security Career Considerations 1. Academic Foundations Creating a successful path in cybersecurity hinges on a solid educational base. Many aspiring professionals find that pursuing a degree in computer science, information technology, or a related field offers a robust start. Such programs instill crucial technical skills and core concepts, which are vital in the ever-evolving cybersecurity landscape. For instance, opting for a computer science degree introduces you to programming languages like . These languages are fundamental when analyzing software vulnerabilities and crafting secure applications. Similarly, information technology degrees equip you with essential skills in system administration, network management, and database operations. These proficiencies seamlessly translate to cybersecurity, where safeguarding networks and sensitive data is paramount. , , or Python Java C++ Upon earning your foundational degree, you can specialize further through postgraduate studies or certifications. Pursuing a Master's in Cybersecurity allows deep dives into intricate security mechanisms and advanced threat detection strategies. Notable certifications such as or offer focused expertise in specific cybersecurity domains. These credentials enhance your credibility and marketability, setting you on a strong trajectory within the cybersecurity field. Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) In summary, a robust educational background is the bedrock of a thriving cybersecurity career. Whether you opt for computer science or information technology, you acquire skills that align seamlessly with the demands of the cybersecurity landscape. This foundation readies you to tackle challenges from coding secure software to designing resilient defense tactics against evolving cyber threats. For interactive coding tutorials and IT-related courses, platforms like and offer valuable resources to support your educational journey. Codecademy Coursera 2. Cybersecurity Certifications In the realm of cybersecurity, certifications play a pivotal role in showcasing specialized expertise and skill sets. A prime example is the , an industry-standard credential that covers essential cybersecurity principles. This certification validates proficiency in areas such as network security, cryptography, and security risk management. It's a stepping stone for individuals aspiring to solidify their knowledge and enter the cybersecurity field. CompTIA Security+ certification Another prominent certification is the credential. Widely recognized and respected, covers a broad spectrum of cybersecurity domains, ranging from asset security to security and risk management. Achieving certification demonstrates a deep understanding of cybersecurity principles and positions professionals for leadership roles. The offers comprehensive details on and its significance. Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) CISSP CISSP International Information System Security Certification Consortium ( ISC)² CISSP By obtaining cybersecurity certifications, individuals open doors to diverse career opportunities. These credentials serve as tangible proof of your proficiency and commitment to staying current in the ever-evolving cybersecurity landscape. Whether pursuing or , these certifications empower you to excel in your cybersecurity journey and stand out in a competitive job market. CompTIA Security+ CISSP Different Roles in Cybersecurity 1. Ethical Hacking and Penetration Testing , play a vital role in bolstering cybersecurity defenses. These professionals are skilled in identifying vulnerabilities within systems and networks before malicious hackers can exploit them. They operate by mimicking cyberattacks, uncovering weaknesses, and providing organizations with actionable insights to enhance their security measures. Ethical hackers, often referred to as penetration testers Consider a scenario where a financial institution aims to fortify its online banking platform against potential breaches. Ethical hackers would conduct penetration tests to simulate various attack vectors, attempting to breach the system just as a malicious hacker might. Through these simulated attacks, they unearth vulnerabilities that could compromise sensitive customer data or disrupt services. , implement stronger defenses, and safeguard their digital infrastructure. Organizations can then use this information to patch vulnerabilities To excel in this role, . By mastering tools and tactics employed by hackers, they can anticipate potential threats and proactively address them. For those looking to enter this field, platforms like provide insights into ethical hacking and penetration testing, offering resources to learn and apply these skills effectively. ethical hackers must possess an in-depth understanding of hacking techniques and defensive strategies HackerOne In essence, . By identifying vulnerabilities in advance, organizations can stay one step ahead of cyber threats and protect sensitive information from potential breaches. As these professionals bridge the gap between hackers and defenders, they contribute significantly to the overall resilience of digital systems. ethical hacking and penetration testing serve as proactive measures to ensure cybersecurity 2. Security Analysis and Incident Response When cyberattacks strike, . These professionals are the who swiftly assess the extent of breaches, minimize the damage, and devise preventive measures to avert future threats. the expertise of security analysts and incident responders becomes a shield against chaos frontline defenders Consider a scenario where a company's database has been breached, exposing sensitive customer information. Security analysts step in to meticulously analyze the breach, identifying the entry point, the compromised data, and the potential pathways used by the attackers. Their investigation provides vital insights to contain the breach and prevent further unauthorized access. offers comprehensive training in incident response, equipping professionals with the skills needed to navigate such critical situations. SANS Institute They work tirelessly to isolate affected systems, recover lost data, and restore normal operations. and customer impact. Furthermore, these professionals collaborate with security analysts to extract intelligence from the breach, facilitating strategies to fortify defenses and prevent future breaches. Incident responders, on the other hand, focus on immediate action. Their rapid response minimizes downtime In essence, . By promptly identifying breaches, containing damage, and implementing preventive measures, these professionals are pivotal in maintaining the integrity of digital systems. Their expertise ensures that businesses can rebound swiftly from cyber disruptions and continue to provide secure services to their customers. security analysis and incident response are vital components of modern cybersecurity 3. Network Security In the ever-connected digital landscape, . Their responsibilities encompass crafting, executing, and overseeing a range of security protocols, including firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and virtual private networks (VPNs), all aimed at preserving the sanctity of data. the guardians of network security are indispensable Network security specialists are experts who are dedicated to shielding an organization's digital highways from cyber threats. For instance, a network security specialist could be tasked with to safeguard a company's internal network from unauthorized access. This involves creating rules that filter incoming and outgoing network traffic, allowing only legitimate data packets to pass through while blocking potential threats. Additionally, they might set up intrusion detection systems (IDS) that actively monitor network traffic for unusual patterns or suspicious activities. If such activities are detected, alerts are generated, enabling rapid responses to potential security breaches. The certification equips professionals with the skills needed to excel in network security roles. designing and implementing a firewall system Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Furthermore, through virtual private networks (VPNs). By encrypting data that travels between remote locations and the main network, VPNs ensure data integrity and confidentiality, even when transmitted over public networks such as the Internet. These measures are crucial for organizations with remote employees or branch offices. Altogether, the efforts of , thwarting cyber threats and enabling seamless and secure communication within organizations. network security specialists play a critical role in establishing secure connections network security specialists fortify the digital infrastructure In summary, in the modern digital landscape. Through their adept design, management, and implementation of security measures like firewalls and VPNs, they safeguard data integrity and confidentiality. By protecting the network pathways, against cyber threats, fostering a secure environment for operations and communications. the vigilance of network security specialists is pivotal these professionals bolster an organization's resilience 4. Security Architecture and Engineering In the intricate landscape of cybersecurity, . These experts are entrusted with the vital task of crafting and constructing systems with . They collaborate closely with developers to infuse applications with robust security features, thereby thwarting potential vulnerabilities right from the inception stage. security architects and engineers stand as the master builders of secure digital realms security at their core Consider a scenario where a software development project is underway for a new online payment platform. Security architects and engineers would collaborate with the development team to integrate security measures seamlessly. This could involve employing to protect sensitive financial transactions, setting up for user accounts, and ensuring . The result is a fortified application that prioritizes user data protection. is a well-regarded resource that offers guidance on secure software development practices. encryption protocols multi-factor authentication secure data storage practices OWASP By embedding security considerations into the development lifecycle, security architects and engineers mitigate the risks associated with post-launch vulnerabilities. For instance, a security architect , minimizing the chances of breaches after deployment. Their vigilant approach ensures that every layer of the digital structure is fortified against evolving cyber threats. might review code to identify and rectify potential weak points In summary, the roles of . Collaborating with developers, . By establishing security as a foundation, these experts ensure that digital creations are resilient against threats throughout their lifecycles. This proactive approach safeguards user data and upholds the integrity of digital systems. security architects and engineers are crucial in constructing secure digital landscapes they integrate robust security features into applications to prevent vulnerabilities 5. Governance, Risk Management, and Compliance (GRC) In the ever-evolving landscape of cybersecurity, e. These experts are entrusted with ensuring that organizations navigate the intricate web of industry regulations and standards with precision. , the formulation of compliance strategies, and the establishment of policies that safeguard sensitive information while upholding legal and ethical compliance. Governance, Risk Management, and Compliance (GRC) professionals emerge as guardians of adherenc Their role encompasses the evaluation of risks For example, in the healthcare sector, and is handled in compliance with the . They assess risks associated with data storage, processing, and transmission, and subsequently devise strategies to minimize those risks. This might involve implementing encryption measures, conducting regular audits, and establishing clear data handling policies. The provides comprehensive insights into the regulatory landscape. GRC professionals play a pivotal role in ensuring that patient data remains confidential Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) HIPAA Journal GRC professionals also address the evolving landscape of cybersecurity regulations such as the . In this scenario, they collaborate with legal teams to understand the implications of the regulation and design procedures to ensure that organizations' data processing practices align with requirements. By embedding compliance measures into day-to-day operations, these European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) GDPR professionals protect organizations from potential legal consequences and maintain public trust. In summary, . By assessing risks, devising strategies, and establishing policies, they create a solid framework that safeguards sensitive information and maintains ethical and legal standards. Their contributions ensure that organizations operate within the confines of regulations, fostering trust among stakeholders and upholding data privacy in a digital age. GRC professionals are pivotal in steering organizations through the complex seas of regulatory compliance 6. Threat Intelligence and Research Staying one step ahead of cybercriminals requires constant vigilance and up-to-date knowledge of the latest threats. Threat intelligence analysts gather and analyze information on emerging threats, helping organizations proactively defend against new attack vectors. Conclusion The realm of cybersecurity is a dynamic and multifaceted field that offers a range of exciting career paths. Whether you're inclined toward hands-on technical work, strategic planning, or a blend of both, there's a niche within cybersecurity that aligns with your interests and strengths. To explore these paths in greater detail, be sure to check out our comprehensive Cyber Security Career Playbook available at . This resource provides in-depth insights into various subtopics of cybersecurity careers, helping you chart your course toward a successful and fulfilling career in this ever-evolving field. https://simeononsecurity.ch/cyber-security-career-playbook-start

Exploring the Multifaceted Paths to a Career in Cybersecurity

Explorando los caminos multifacéticos hacia una carrera en ciberseguridad

Explorer les voies à multiples facettes vers une carrière en cybersécurité

साइबर सुरक्षा में करियर के लिए बहुआयामी रास्ते तलाशना

サイバーセキュリティのキャリアへの多面的な道を探る

Explorando os caminhos multifacetados para uma carreira em segurança cibernética

Khám phá các con đường nhiều mặt dẫn đến sự nghiệp trong lĩnh vực an ninh mạng

探索网络安全职业的多方面路径

is the founder of DPC Legal Services and a member of the Portuguese Bar Association. Diogo Pereira Coelho Diogo and I recently sat down to discuss crypto regulation, CBDCs, DAO, and his journey to and blockchain technology. Read on! web3 Mr. Diogo, can you briefly tell us about yourself? I have been practicing law since 2018, when I started my professional internship as a trainee lawyer in a renowned law firm in Portugal. After successfully completing the internship, I enrolled as a Lawyer at the Portuguese Bar Association in January 2021. For the past year, I have been in private practice and focused on helping my clients overcome the increasingly demanding legal challenges related to Web 3.0. As a lawyer practicing at the intersection of law and technology, what was your route to blockchain and web 3? After completing my Law degree in 2017 and before starting my internship as a trainee lawyer, I worked for a year at an international bank, in a financial instruments implementation department. From this experience I was able to extract some knowledge regarding the complexity of legal situations associated with financial markets. More or less at that time, between 2016 and 2017, I started to follow Bitcoin, as well as the associated blockchain technology and crypto markets. As a result, I ended up transporting these topics to my studies at an academic level. I have been carrying out research on matters related to Web 3.0. since 2017, especially on crypto-assets and blockchain, both in the context of master's studies, as well as in the context of some postgraduate courses. Later, already in the scope of my practice as a trainee and associate lawyer, I had the opportunity to be involved in legal situations that interconnected Web 3.0. with the areas of criminal law and tax law, which was also very rewarding. CBDCs are central banks' response to the growing influence of cryptocurrency. Does the mandate to provide a viable digital alternative to Bitcoin come naturally or do you smell a rat? This question is quite curious, because I have a very peculiar perspective on this subject. As has been argued over the last years, Bitcoin was created after the great financial crisis of 2007-2008, with a view to serving as an alternative to the traditional monetary and financial system, widely considered by the crypto ecosystem as corrupt and obsolete. After its launch and the natural initial skepticism, the underlying principles of this technology, associated with decentralization and the end of intermediation, ended up winning over entire communities from the most diverse social, cultural and economic backgrounds. Over the last few years, this achievement has resulted in an unconscious acceptance and use of digital/ virtual currencies as a means of exchange/ payment. If we combine crypto-assets with home banking, most people are already used to digital payments and also managing their money digitally. It is in this sense that, after analyzing these points, it seems that the emergence of crypto-assets, DeFi, etc., actually ended up contributing to the acceptance of digital currencies from central banks. The initial idea of crypto-assets was to decentralize the system, however, at least in social and cultural terms, everything indicates that it only contributed to the acceptance of a system that will be even more centralized. The truth is that nobody knows who created Bitcoin. There is only one story that seems to be more romantic than true. For all we know, the creation of Bitcoin may have been just another PsyOp. Who knows. Jokes aside, like all technologies, CBDCs have several advantages and disadvantages, therefore, it is up to governments to weigh them on a scale and decide if and how they should be implemented. The chairman has recently been accused of stifling innovation. Where do you see the US heading in terms of crypto regulation? SEC I have been closely following the activity of regulators in the US since the beginning of the year and they seem to be determined to “clarify” the framework for all types of digital assets and also all types of operations related to digital-assets. After the scandal related to the FTX, among others, the regulators seem to be under some pressure to act. Since the beginning of the year, both the SEC and the CFTC have been involved in several legal conflicts with a view to measuring certain assets or operations respectively as securities or commodities. In the midst of so many cases, they even ended up making some contradictory statements. In any case, all these conflicts also ended up having some practical results. A draft law that aims to provide requirements for issuers of was recently published. stablecoins In this sense, it doesn't seem that the SEC or even the CFTC intend to boycott innovation. It does seem that, at an international level, we are facing a phase of greater regulatory pressure. It was inevitable. It is happening now, but it could have happened 5 or more years ago, if the regulators had not taken so long to react. How do you think the crypto industry should be regulated? Due to the characteristics that certain legal situations associated with operations related to crypto-assets appear to have in common with certain legal situations associated with traditional financial instruments, I was initially of the opinion that a new and diverse notion of financial instruments should simply be created, with crypto-assets simply being considered digital financial instruments. Currently, and after all the developments of recent years, including the emergence of DAOs and NFTs that can represent any type of asset, whether physical or digital, I am no longer so sure that the creation of a new and diverse notion of digital financial instruments would be enough. Also because traditional financial instruments are already being tokenized. Eventually all of our public records will be based on blockchain technology. Eventually, all kinds of values and goods will also be represented by digital tokens. Even virtual values and goods within the scope of a metaverse that, over the years, is supposed to be confused with physical reality. Eventually, organizations will also be autonomous and equally "managed" via tokens. As such, given the multiplicity of matters that digital assets and underlying technologies involve, for the time being, I still cannot find a definitive answer to this question. When I think of DAOs, I think of how blockchain is capable of upending our working lives. Do you think DAOs are here to stay? Undoubtedly. Everything points to the idea that digital and even artificial autonomous organizations will be the future. From companies to universities, there will be few types of organization that, over the years, will not be completely restructured and adapted to rapid technological advances. While some professions will be adapted or reinvented, others will end up being replaced by machine efficiency. On the other hand, in my opinion, the social and cultural implications are not being discussed enough, or at least with the importance they deserve. Crypto-friendly countries such as El Salvador and Congo are hoping to achieve financial inclusion through Bitcoin. Is this an economic gamble taken to the extreme? It seems to be, but we are not dealing with isolated conducts. In the case of El Salvador, we are facing a true digital strategy, which apparently aims to attract foreign investment. For example, in addition to Bitcoin being considered a legal tender, there are other legal initiatives that aim to create tax incentives for companies related to technology, including artificial intelligence. These are innovative and courageous measures. As the saying goes: "no risk, no gain". The number of high tech crimes in the crypto industry is fast growing. What's your experience relating to this? At my former law firm, I had the pleasure of working on multiple cases related to technology. From what I have been following in recent years, everything indicates that the trend will continue to increase and not just in the crypto sector. Not least because technology development levels also continue to increase dramatically. Nowadays, cyber-attacks can take on different forms and, as technology advances, more and more possibilities are available for this purpose. With the digital transformation and the entry into the Digital and Artificial Era, in particular with the implementation of central bank digital currencies, the metaverse as a workplace and the general use of applications based on artificial intelligence, people will be increasingly vulnerable to this type of attack. In this sense, investment in people's technological literacy is increasingly important, essentially with a view to mitigating the high risks associated with the use of new technologies. What's the government of Portugal, your home country, doing to leverage cryptocurrency? Until the year 2022, Portugal was considered a tax haven for crypto-assets. In fact, Portugal was part of the increasingly short list of countries that do not tax income from operations related to crypto-assets. For this reason alone, Portugal was already part of the Web 3.0 ecosystem. With the entry into force of the State Budget for 2023, Portugal ended up giving the first official big statement. Nowadays, along with Germany and some others, Portugal is considered one of the most advantageous jurisdictions in Europe in terms of income tax from operations related to crypto-assets. Our tax regime presents multiple exemptions. Only fiat conversions are taxed (not crypto-to-crypto) and NFTs are excluded. Furthermore, if the crypto-assets are held for the period of 365 days, they are also exempt from capital gains. We are, therefore, facing a very beneficial tax regime. Any parting words? I just want to encourage legal professionals in the Web 3.0 area to contribute to technological literacy. With the rapid evolution of new technologies, the combination of technological literacy with legal and financial literacy is increasingly essential.

Exclusive Interview With Web3 Attorney Diogo Pereira Coelho

Entrevista exclusiva con el abogado de Web3 Diogo Pereira Coelho

Entretien exclusif avec l'avocat Web3 Diogo Pereira Coelho

Web3 अटार्नी डिओगो परेरा कोएल्हो के साथ विशेष साक्षात्कार

Web3弁護士Diogo Pereira Coelhoへの独占インタビュー

Entrevista Exclusiva com Web3 Advogado Diogo Pereira Coelho

Phỏng vấn độc quyền với Luật sư Web3 Diogo Pereira Coelho

Web3 律师 Diogo Pereira Coelho 独家专访

Designing a game that people actually want to play is tough. Adding a token economy on top of it that enhances the gameplay is a challenge few have mastered. And lastly, competition between publishers and game developers is fierce, so designing an ecosystem where digital collectibles are transferable between games requires the politicking of Frank Underwood from “House of Cards.” With all of this in mind, it’s shocking that the P2E-gaming world is thriving. its first blockchain game is coming, it will be releasing four new blockchain games, and even the Metaverse craze with a new virtual footwear platform. Sega announced Fifa unveiled Nike joined There is clearly something brewing. Blockchain doesn’t equal cryptocurrencies. The technology itself is home to many new advancements other than digital currencies, and even though Meta is struggling, to say the least, the Metaverse is still poised to become the norm for online gaming. While the world heads into recession, VC investors invested more than $4.5 billion in the development of Metaverse games and other Metaverse projects in 2022, show. And this is only the beginning. DappRadar statistics Early blockchain-gaming pioneer recently reached an impressive three million sign-ups, with more than 65,000 active daily users. These kinds of statistics belie the glum stats about famous but ultimately . Spielworks unpopular Metaverses It’s true that some games try to distance themselves from NFTs as much as possible—even “Grand Theft Auto” from its online servers. And it’s also true that with FTX’s collapse, Justin Bieber’s Bored Ape Yacht Club NFT of its value. banned crypto and NFTs shed nearly 95% Companies like , on the other hand, deployed $150 million to acquire AAA-quality games for the platforms, on the heels of unlocking $2.2 billion in P2E revenue in 2021 for its players. Jason “BitBender” Brink, the president of blockchain at Gala, was quoted saying, “I think we are the first company in history that has given away more money than we made.” With numbers like these, it’s easy to understand why P2E and NFT gaming are unstoppable forces. Gala Games Yes, the current economy is hitting crypto even harder because it’s newer, riskier, and more volatile—but it’s hitting everyone, and it’s not going away anytime soon. So instead of wallowing in despair from the constant stream of bad economic news, we can keep an eye out for news that shows where this inevitable future of tech is going. , The world's first fashion Metaverse for creators, partnered with the Royal College of Art (RCA), the world's most influential postgraduate institution of art and design. Through the partnership, platform users will be able to use and co-create digital fashion designed by RCA alumni, helping steer the fashion industry online. GN3RA On the digital vehicle front, software giant is working with Volvo to . Of course, Volvo is already running computer simulations, but the Metaverse takes this to the next level using “Digital Twins,” exact replicas of real-world cars. NVIDIA fully test cars in the Metaverse While the naysayers nay, innovators can look around at their peers, and see some incredible projects in the works. As President Theodore Roosevelt said, “it’s not the critic that counts, the credit belongs to the man in the arena.” Nowhere is that more true than in the innovation space. Like Schrodinger's cat, the Metaverse is simultaneously here, and it’s coming. There is no telling where it will end up—all we know is that it’s going at tremendous speeds.

Web3 Gaming Is More Mainstream Than You Think

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