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Into the Future: 24 Tech Predictions Shaping 2024

In my role as Spike’s CEO and co-founder, I've had the opportunity to experience the immense benefits of open protocols. Our team chat and collaboration platform is a testament to this, functioning as a layer 2 solution built atop the foundational layer 1 email protocol (SMTP). This open protocol has allowed us to offer unique solutions for our customers while reducing the need for yet another app. Open protocols are the lifeblood of the internet. They are the invisible threads that weave together the vast digital world we interact with daily. Protocols like TCP, HTTP, SMTP, FTP, and many others have not only stood the test of time but have also been the springboards for significant innovation over the past few decades. They provide a common language, a set of rules that different clients and solutions can use to communicate easily across different device types and platforms. This uniformity is what makes the internet a global network instead of a collection of isolated systems that cannot communicate. When we look at the adoption of new technology, this common understanding is critical. It reduces friction and simplifies compatibility. Customers are more likely to embrace new technology when it fits seamlessly into their existing digital ecosystem, and open protocols are key to achieving this. Imagine a world where Apple’s iCloud email couldn't communicate with Gmail users. The tech industry moved away from protocols Over the past 15 years, we've seen a noticeable shift in the tech industry. Companies have increasingly moved away from building on open protocols, opting instead to create platforms they own and control. From a business perspective, it might seem like a better path to own and control the entire stack, but it’s a bad idea to try to lock your customers in. Any web browser can access just about any website. Imagine a world where our web browsers could only access a subset of the internet. That’s the world we’ve seen developed with social media and messaging apps. Facebook owns and controls its customer’s data. and non-Apple users can’t easily use it with Android customers. This wasn’t how the internet was designed to be, but big tech companies have taken over and built up walled gardens. Customers are lock-in and innovation is stifled iMessage isn’t available on the PC The state of affairs at Twitter I've been closely following the over the past few months. Following Elon Musk's buyout of the company, a significant restructuring occurred, leading to the departure of numerous executives and nearly half of the workforce - especially on the engineering side. This move, while drastic, has had unintended consequences, including a surge in legal fees and the potential aiding of Meta in creating . Twitter now finds itself , not only with Meta over accusations of intellectual property theft but also with a legal firm over a hefty bill and with former employees over severance pay issues. Threads has emerged as a formidable competitor gaining rapid popularity with nearly 100 million users in a matter of days. These developments underscore the complex challenges Twitter is grappling with, as it navigates a path forward as a private company. Every decision Musk makes is analyzed and written about in depth by the tech media and mainstream media alike. recent chaos at Twitter Threads in legal disputes The Reddit effect While the world was watching the drama on Twitter, another social media giant, Reddit, was grappling with its own controversy. Reddit CEO Steve Huffman in May that the platform would begin charging third-party apps, bots, and companies for using the site's API that many of the popular third-party apps used. This decision sparked a from the Reddit community, leading to a 48-hour protest where numerous popular subreddits went dark in opposition which dramatically affected Reddit’s SEO and advertising impact. This powerful demonstration of community powers underscores the balance social media platforms must strike between operational needs and user expectations - further defining the question: who is the customer among free services? announced significant backlash Enter Nostr Towards the end of 2022, Nostr emerged as a promising open protocol designed to create a new way to build social networking solutions that are free of big tech control. Its unique approach allows users to own and control their data, fostering the creation of decentralized social networks that are very similar to the early days of email when anyone could run their own server. Unlike traditional platforms like Facebook or Reddit, Nostr doesn't rely on a central server. Users run a Nostr client, publish content, sign it with their private key, and send it to other servers that relay the content. While this might sound complicated, it’s all happening in a matter of seconds. If users have issues with certain relays, they have the freedom to run their own relay or even start their own network of relays to redistribute their content. There is no Nostr “database” or “main server”. Nostr servers are powered by the people for the people. Any company can run one on a massive AWS server or any single person can run it on something as simple as a Raspberry Pi4. Despite being an open-source project, Nostr has garnered significant support from major technology influencers, including a . While Nostr operates independently of Bitcoin, it can be integrated with Bitcoin's Lightning Network, opening up possibilities for worldwide without the need for banks - especially in areas around the world that are . notable donation from former Twitter CEO and founder Jack Dorsey micropayments unbanked Should Twitter build on top of Nostr? In the world of social media, the idea of a major platform like Twitter becoming a Nostr client and supporter represents a major shift. This move would fundamentally alter the dynamics of user interaction and data ownership, marking a departure from the traditional model of social networks. Instead of operating as “owner of data”, Twitter would become a Nostr client and relay. At its core, Nostr is about empowering users without the need for trusted third parties.. It allows users to own and control their data, a stark contrast to the current norm where platforms hold the reins. By adopting Nostr, Twitter would be placing the power back into the hands of its users, a move that aligns with the original ethos of the internet - a decentralized space where users have control. This shift would not only change the way Twitter operates but also redefine its goals. Instead of focusing on controlling user data and interactions, Twitter's objective would become creating the best Nostr client. This means providing a user experience that is seamless, intuitive, and enriching, while also ensuring that users have the freedom and tools to manage their data. Twitter could still have advertising, and still offer Twitter Blue for verification and increased reach, but it would all be done on top of Nostr as the client backend. Twitter would switch from running it’ own core technology to simply acting as a client on top of an open protocol - very similar to how email apps work today. By embracing Nostr as a backend protocol, Twitter could enhance user trust, foster a more democratic and inclusive platform, and stimulate innovation worldwide without the need to be the gatekeeper for everything. This move could set a precedent for other social networks, encouraging them to follow suit and embrace open protocols like Nostr and (a competing protocol). In an era where concerns about data privacy and platform control are increasingly prominent, this could be a significant step towards a more user-centric model of social media where the users are ultimately in control of their data ActivityPub Wrap up In my experience leading Spike, I've seen firsthand the benefits of prioritizing user empowerment and data ownership. Our platforms are built on top of email technology so Spike users can easily chat with someone using iCloud or Gmail. Simply put, protocols > platforms. As we look towards the future, the potential adoption of Nostr by Twitter could signal the dawn of a new era for social media. This would be an era characterized by genuine user control, where the power dynamics are shifted back to the individuals who form the backbone of these platforms. It's a bold vision, indeed, but one that I firmly believe is worth pursuing by Twitter, Threads, and other social media platforms. A social media landscape where users are truly in control, where data ownership is the default and expectations, and where platforms compete on providing the best user experience rather than controlling the most data, is a landscape that promises greater freedom, inclusivity, and innovation. The journey towards a more user-centric model of social media is just beginning. But with open protocols like Nostr leading the way, I believe we are heading in the right direction. And I, for one, am excited to see where this journey takes us.

Twitter's Redemption: How Nostr Could Reshape Its Future

Sharing is caring or so we are told but when does sharing become careless or when do you get rewarded for investing time in the content you are sharing? Let's tackle the general mood around social media channels today. Social media giant, Meta, formerly known as Facebook, has over 2.9 billion users worldwide. s that Meta owns three of the biggest social applications Facebook (now Meta), Instagram, and WhatsApp. However, it has become synonymous with the older generation as more of the Gen Z population turn their attention to interactive, motion-led platforms like TikTok and Snapchat. Instagram is performing better as everybody needs to share their selfies someplace. It quietly surpassed 2 billion users per month at the end of last year. CNBC report As these companies scale they become increasingly focused on revenue generation which either leads to users getting bombarded with ads or influencers choking us with irrelevant content that eventually becomes so annoying we need to digitally detox. What began with a promise to keep us connected has ended up being a connection with the irritating brands we want to run away from. Regular feeds with the selfies of friends, celebrities, enemies, and even brands keep it entertaining for a short time. However, how much are you paid for the hours you spend on these platforms each week? Oh sorry, you are paying them with several mini ads to push, promote and pull users to your content. This is both genius in terms of marketing and soul-destroying for anyone advocating for a fairer more equal society. The gender equality issues that companies are faced with today are just the tipping point of what's coming down the track if these crazy unequal, algorithm-led platforms continue to segment people according to their likes, dislikes, and engagement metrics. Now, I am not saying that the collection of this data is a bad thing. In fact, it is going to happen anyway, whether through government agencies, companies, or individuals. However, more autonomy and responsibility placed in the hands of the users give the platforms more agency in the long run. There are some examples of this in the Web3 ecosystem today. Nurturing creators to provide quality content The Founder of Waivlength, Fiachra Ward, is focused on building a creator first future, “Waivlength is a social media platform in development that aims to lead the new age of social media. The ultimate goal is to create a safer, more autonomous, and more user-centric space to connect the next generation of the internet. Unique features which make this possible include sizeable financial rewards for its users, wholescale verification, decentralized elements to improve privacy and data security, novel gamified features, and its social consensus protocol,” says Ward. For Ward, the quality of content is diluted when the top creators use social media as their main revenue stream as they start to put limits on the content that they are willing to share for public consumption. “Top creators who need to earn from their work are becoming less willing to share their content on mainstream channels that offer no financial return. This means the content we see on Facebook and Twitter is likely to continue to wane in quality. “Content creators with large followings are forced to look externally for ways of monetizing their work. This often means conforming to existing consumerism strategies of personally endorsing or advertising products. Oftentimes, contrary to their ideals, creators are forced to sell out on part of their identity in order to earn,” continues Ward. Censorship Resistance One of the premier social platforms in the Polkadot ecosystem has stressed the need for a decentralized approach to social networking since the early stages of development. Subsocial founder, Alex Simon, truly believes in putting the power in the hands of creators. Subsocial works with dApp developers and content creators to improve monetization, develop content discovery engines, and offer white-label solutions for decentralized social media hubs. In a recent with CoinCodex Simon explained that “Decentralized social networks allow for censorship-resistance while still having moderation features. For example, on Subsocial, all content is available on any dApp built on top of the platform, but dApps don't have to show it all.” article Access unlocks global ingenuity For DeSo, a new layer-1 decentralized social blockchain, the issue is how to unlock the world’s potential and move on from the old, centralized way of developing social apps. "You have five companies that virtually control everything we see and do online. And we're over here trying to decide which billionaire we want to censor us,” explains Nadar Al-Naji, Head of the DeSo Foundation. For Al-Naji, "The solution to centralization in the financial system wasn't to put Warren Buffett in charge of the money. It was to use technology, namely bitcoin, to completely overhaul it and decentralize it.  The same overhaul is needed in social and we think that blockchain is the answer there too. " He rightly recounts that Facebook and Twitter began as open networks but in a “centralized world, pre-blockchain, this wasn’t very monetizable.” DeSo is on an ambitious mission to scale decentralized social applications to 1 billion users. "It costs $80 to store a 200-character post on Ethereum. It costs 25 cents to a dollar on Solana, Avalanche, and Polygon. That's not low enough to compete at scale with Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. But if we could, then we could really change things. We could actually make it so that you can own your content like you own your bitcoin,” says Al-Naji. "When you decentralize something, you actually unlock the ingenuity of everybody all over the world rather than a small group of people running a top-down or centralized organization. Just to give you an example, when you got Ethereum going and you let anybody build on top of that open financial platform, you got more innovation and DeFi in two years than probably the last 50 years in finance." A roadmap for the engage and earn platforms Now that there is a clear appetite from communities, individuals, and brands to engage with new digital platforms, it will be the projects’ role to communicate their features as effectively as possible to the end-user. A report by l found that the number of people who own cryptocurrencies has increased by 37.8% in the last 12 months. The same report notes that social media users are continuing to grow worldwide with 4.62 billion reported in January 2022. Data Reporta If monetizing social media could be a potential future income stream for more creators, the question becomes more about where the audience will be to consume these flows of content? For now, the NFT marketplaces, communities, and hundreds of platforms being developed are only tipping the iceberg when it comes to the adoption of DeFi services.

Like, Share and Earn! The Future of Social Media in Web3

An enterprise VC perspective on the metaverse 🚀 We have observed so much excitement in imagining the future that we didn't realize we can gather information from the past. In this article, I outline how history is repeating itself with new requirements, and where I see those needs coming up. What we'll cover: Same old, same new: internet vs. metaverse New monetization opportunities: Infrastructure: decentralized doesn't mean siloed Security: new gatekeepers need new locks Wallets / accounts: creativity doesn't need to go off rails Social networks: bringing our whole selves Same old, same new: internet vs. metaverse The internet as we know it was built thanks to the success of four key building blocks, operating in sync over the course of a decade: infrastructure, identity/security, wallets/accounts and social networks. Today, we are at a foundational moment in building out the metaverse - not unlike the way early internet creators must have felt in the 90s. When we look toward the metaverse and all its potential, it's helpful to analyze this new frontier through the lens of the very same building blocks. The metaverse works to combine the existing technology of the internet and mobile web with virtual reality and augmented reality, connecting our physical and digital worlds. However you measure it, this emerging space is huge: by the end of 2021, roughly $10.4 billion VC dollars were poured into the metaverse across gaming, augmented reality, and virtual worlds. Citi analysts forecast the metaverse to eventually become an $8 to $13 trillion opportunity globally. The internet and the metaverse have so much in common. Both are defined by a decentralized network where companies and platforms connect to create a community. Both require their own specific hardware necessary to access the platforms (i.e., physical computers for the internet, VR headsets for the metaverse). Both have early adopters that are technically-savvy, intellectually curious, and fascinated by the potential of technology. Both require early adopters to have a high willingness to purchase the expensive, and frankly not "user-friendly," technologies needed to access the respective platforms. As the internet became mainstream in the late 1990s, the winning companies developed strategies that continuously latched onto key market trends (e.g., Microsoft launched Internet Explorer). At the same time, we saw marquee internet players emerge to address adjacent unmet needs in the industry (e.g., Google, Amazon). Shortly after, we saw the emergence of social companies (e.g. Facebook/Meta, YouTube, Twitter) that truly built out the interconnected internet. These platforms were built on top of the work the first internet wave developed, allowing for quick customer adoption and growth. Not all internet startups were successful. The dot-com bubble blindsided entrepreneurs and investors as startups rushed to go public without proper product development or profit margins.
Today, the winning internet players (e.g., Google, Amazon) are acting as a bridge between these ecosystems and positioning themselves at the forefront of innovation in the metaverse (e.g., Facebook's name change to Meta). However, similar to the internet in the late 1990s, the current players will be unable to address the exponential increase of use cases. New metaverse startups will emerge, and differentiating between the hype and reality is essential. Let's use those initial four building blocks of the internet as a reference point in understanding the key components of the metaverse in the coming years: Infrastructure Internet: Apple, Windows Metaverse: Solana, Avalance Identity / security: Internet: McAfee, Symantec, Palo Alto Network Metaverse: stealth startups Wallets/accounts Internet: Paypal, Stripe, Venmo Metaverse: Metamask, Ronin Social networks: Internet: Meta, Instagram, TikTok Metaverse: Steemit, Status New monetization opportunities in the metaverse As we transition toward a more accessible and vibrant metaverse, investors will need to get exposure to changing enterprise and consumer needs. Based on my research, I wanted to highlight a few key areas: Infrastructure: decentralized doesn’t mean siloed — not just the platforms, but the app development as well ● Decentraland and Genesis World are only a few examples of virtual worlds where users can create, experiment, and earn money from their content and/or applications. We haven’t seen the end of new platforming coming out: more companies will develop ways to integrate across platforms in the years ahead and give users a seamless way to experience the metaverse. The metaverse will be the connector that ties different virtual worlds, not one virtual world that is powered by a single platform. : Broad infrastructure platforms that connect the real and virtual worlds ● as the IT infrastructure continues to evolve with the increased adoption of metaverse, the need for interconnected virtual worlds has increased. Similar to cloud native technologies, programming engines are being used to create ecosystem native tools. Some examples include Roblox, Minecraft and Mozilla Hubs. As new infrastructures develop, there will be more companies that emerge to integrate all of these inputs smoothly and quickly. A host of “ETL tools” might emerge to flow data around individuals’ unique identity. Metaverse app development platforms: Security: new gatekeepers need new locks : security and privacy risks in metaverse resemble those of the internet. Especially due to the metaverse’s reliance on hardware to experience the platform, securing both the devices and the firmware will be critical. Just as traditional internet security has evolved from network security to data protection to all devices, infrastructure, and end points, so too will security for metaverse enterprise players. ● Metaverse security / data privacy offerings The critical pain point to keep in mind is that there is no one governing body in the metaverse. If, for instance, someone steals your identity in the metaverse, there is no obvious recourse. For that reason, security and privacy in the metaverse will be largely in the domain of enterprises to manage. That said, there is a growing movement of “self-sovereignty” in this space. That is, a growing interest among consumers in managing their own data and identity with their own tools and resources. This dynamic between enterprises and individuals in managing data will open the door for a new generation of startups to emerge in this space. Wallets / accounts: creativity doesn’t need to go off rails ● NFT sales volume totaled ~$25B in 2021, according to DappRadar. And that happened while today’s virtual purchasing experience is full of friction. Given the ever-increasing volume of transactions in the metaverse, whether to purchase virtual pieces of land or clothing or others, both smooth virtual integrations with legacy financial payment rails (such as credit cards) and single-wallet experiences within the metaverse will continue to become important. : Financial infrastructure to buy and sell on the metaverse ● As the line between digital and real-life identities continues to blur, users have turned to marketplaces to make purchases of art, real estate, clothing and more. SuperRare is one example of a popular platform for NFTs. If we think about the previous version of web unbundling Craiglist, we can expect to see more specialized marketplaces to emerge (e.g., Lootex’s recent $9M raise) with a focus on specific verticals or product types to better adopt to customer needs. Specialized marketplaces to make virtual purchases: Social networks: bringing our whole selves ● ***Event planning/entertainment (including concerts): ***especially as enterprises adopt to post-Covid ways of living, we will see an increasing need for virtual event planning, hosting and execution to minimize the limitations of physical distance and capacity constraints. Companies such as Party.Space and AllSeated are recent examples of companies innovating in this space. ● As we move from an economy of participation to ownership, avatars that can move and talk realistically will be critical for building a better user experience in the metaverse. There are two key ways these avatars are formed: through studying motion capture and haptics, and using images and videos. TeslaSuit is a recent example of the first. On the other hand, D-ID, an AVP portfolio company, builds realistic avatars based on images and videos. These avatars today are used by marketing and customer service departments at enterprises to engage users on a personal level, as well as by social media conglomerates. : Avatar creation https://www.youtube.com/shorts/KjVgpjnIRDg Final words In so many of these cases, staying close to the end user will be critical for solutions to succeed. For all of the above, it will be important to keep a close eye on consumer preferences in order to differentiate between hype vs. reality in the enterprise state. Creating products that are easy to use and understand will be crucial to gaining consumer adoption on a larger scale. The internet was built to be a tool to convey information. When social media came along, it brought along a more “human” interactive component to digital communication. Brands quickly understood the value of social media and began developing their own strategies to best reach target customers and their behaviors. We have moved from an economy of participation to ownership and immersion. As the metaverse continues to evolve, businesses will need to adapt their strategies once again to reach customers on a new level with new requirements and gain insights that they never were able to get before. And is the time to lay the groundwork for what’s to come. now *About Secil Altintas: Secil is an investor at Axa Venture Partners (AVP), $1B global tech fund in New York, San Francisco, London and Paris, investing in Enteprise, Consumer, Digital Health and Fintech. If you enjoyed this, follow Secil on ** * Twitter and where she’s sharing articles and her thoughts on enterprise and web3. If you’re a founder building in this space, feel free to reach out: secil@axavp.com LinkedIn

The Metaverse is Older and Newer Than You Think

My three takeaways from URBAN-X’s event: Hyperlegible Cities The URBAN-X panel on “Hyperlegible Cities” was thought-provoking. , , , , , all participated in a lively discussion moderated by . Bianca Wylie Elizabeth Bowie Christoforetti Tara Pham Paul Salama Miriam Roure Sara Trigoboff Greg Lindsay The key questions of the night probed (1) the consequences of being “too” legible and (2) some solutions to mitigate problems. I interpreted “legibility” as the rules that govern our cities. The conversation sparked three takeaways that I delve into below: Benefits — Rules, obviously, can result in efficiency. Costs — Our rules and meta-rules can result in inequality, even if those rules are governed formally by participatory democracy. Solutions — I review an incomprehensive list of strategies for how we might rewrite the rules: trust companies, empower companies to be ethical, empower governments to create better meta-rules. 1) Our rules can result in efficiency. Rules have some obvious benefits. One big one is standardization, which helps societies create stable expectations about the present and the . When we know how things should be built and the consequences of violating these rules, we can act more efficiently. future An obvious example are local zoning laws and building codes. They’ve created baseline standards to promote building safety, public health, responsible infrastructure use, and (socially-constructed) standards of neighborhood quality and image. following a strict set of zoning laws Classic suburb 2) Our rules and meta-rules can result in inequality, even if those rules are governed by participatory democracy. But it’s hard to write rules — and the meta-rules to influence those rules — that are fair for everyone. Even in participatory democracies, those who have more resources are able to stack the rules and meta-rules of the game in their own favor. As Miriam (or Sara?) mentioned, we need to think about who profits from the rules. Take zoning laws again. Housing is extremely expensive in some of our highest-growth cities, like SF and NYC. A major cause are rules that exclude many housing designs: we can’t build houses on smaller lots or without garages. Bigger sizes mean fewer and more expensive units, excluding people who have more moderate means. Unsurprisingly, urban scholars often name these rules “ ” laws. exclusionary zoning Laws encourage McMansions It makes sense why people don’t want density. Increased traffic, for instance, can harm local quality of life. Many cities lack good public transit systems to help people get around. Yet our meta-rules hamper the generation of new possibilities. Many planning meetings happen after work or during weekday afternoons without food or childcare, and require extensive time commitment. Those who have the resources (time, money, and network) are more likely to have influence than less-resourced actors, such as renters, people of moderate means, or minorities. Participating groups may have homogeneous life experiences. Without diversity, new ideas to balance density and quality of life will be harder to generate. Example Community Planning meeting And even when less-resourced actors do participate, conversations are understandably tense, not collaborative, as discussions are framed as binary choices to approve or reject new proposals. I review an incomprehensive list of strategies that include: trust companies, empower companies to be ethical, and empower governments to create better meta-rules. 3) Given the problems above, there’s an argument for rewriting the rules. 1. Trust companies Most of the panel opposed this. Public companies, Tara Pham pointed out, are legally bound to their shareholders, not to the broader public. Bianca Wylie noted that many companies, like Uber, actually violated rules and process when launching their services and in the name of growth. Yet, as Paul Salam discussed, these companies often have the resources and technical capacity to start ambitious experiments, such as Google’s Sidewalk Toronto. While they can partner, Bianca argues, they should not be rule-makers. It’s the private sector’s responsibility, in fact, to recognize those boundaries publicly and call for democratic processes on rules of import, such as data and AI . governance 2. Empower companies to be ethical Technical tools are emerging to help companies do better. Regtech, for instance, helps companies reduce the cost of compliance — rather than find ways to shirk their obligations. , for instance, helps companies easily become ethical stewards of their customer’s data. Ethical data management software Legal tools can also start to rewire companies for social impact. protect the vision of mission-oriented founders. In public benefit corporations, social benefit is embedded in a company’s charter, creating the legal obligation to balance shareholder value against social impact. Public benefit corporations 3. Empower government to design better meta-rules When we design meta-rules (again, rules about our process to create rules), we need to think about what our goals are for this participatory process. Is it more diverse, inclusive participation? Is it more creative ideas? Is it to make higher-quality, evidence-based decisions? Is it, sadly, mere ? When we identify goals, we can design and test better meta-rules. CYA Designing better meta-rules also means we, as Bianca Wylie urges, don’t give up on the public sector. An entire industry of startups — such as govtech, civictech, and suptech startups — has this as its mission. Upgrading the infrastructure for more diverse, inclusive, and data-driven urban governance is one of the most promising we can do to create better cities. 1. Meta-rules that spur new actors to grow and participate We should also, perhaps, be wary of over-regulation (i.e., being hyperlegible?). , for instance, can hurt small businesses and other small actors without large compliance departments. These rules, as a result, need to be crafted responsibly. Regulation in the data governance realm Take the housing space. As discussed above, extensive height and minimum lot size restrictions restrict density and innovation. By relaxing these rules, new housing actors are emerging, such as micro-living developers, co-living operators, and tiny home owners that I survey in , , and . The Multifamily Executive Shelterforce Hackernoon 2. Meta-rules that favor social responsibility Yet relaxing rules and providing incentives can reek of corruption. Many housing incentives — such as free land grants — favor large, shareholder maximizing corporations. To the public, this looks like crony capitalism and diminishes trust in urban governance, even though the government truly believes private actors can build housing more efficiently. But if private actors can be more efficient, as Chris Chou and I ask in the , why not instead favor those that embrace social good? , like Baugruppen, and come to mind. Columbia Public Policy Review Community-driven development cooperatives public benefit corporations To build capacity of these actors, policy should provide technical assistance and promote the use of proven cost-reduction techniques, many of which I feature in . The Multifamily Executive 3. Meta-rules that promote evidence-based experimentation Only once policies are shown to be effective, governments can decide to scale them. In a forthcoming article, I discuss that through pilots, governments can engage in experimental pilots before scaling new policies. These efforts can suss out harms early and iterate on policies after examining real data. The startups that benefit from such pilots should promise to hold their data in a public data trust, similar to . evidence-generating Sidewalk Toronto’s recent proposal Startups can also help governments better understand problems and track the impact of their policies. Using sensors, , for instance, can track data on how things move in streets and open space. gathers information to help governments understand the impact of poverty-reduction programs. The open data movement, more generally, is empowering citizens to make sense of public data and build solutions. analyzes citizen’s qualitative feedback about city initiatives on social media platforms and other sources to modify policy. Numina Outline India Zencity Using this data, startups can also help government experiment with new types of policies that were previously impossible to execute. Paul Salam’s , for instance, can help governments create usage-based policies of roads to help private companies and other actors that use public infrastructure more pay more for its repair and construction. ClearRoad 4. Meta-rules that promote inclusive participation In the realm of national elections, other countries have experimented with mandatory voting, voting holidays, electronic voting, publicly-funded campaigns, participatory budgeting, (a point Tara also raised), and proportional voting systems. gerrymandering reform The efficacy of these ideas are unclear. But they nonetheless address key problems that hamper diverse, inclusive participation in national elections. For instance, voting holidays and electronic voting reduce the costs to participation. We need draw from these areas for urban governance. Tools are emerging to help people participate in public processes better. ’s and ’s platforms engage those that do not have the resources to participate in time-consuming development processes. helped engage NYC residents in the budgeting process using an online platform to collect ideas and vote on them. CoUrbanize Neighborland Democracy21 helps developers and citizens obtain permits more easily. They turn complex paper-based permitting processes into a streamlined, digital workflow. Their software has increased the speed with which permits are submitted and processed, helping mitigate the pain in one critical step of the development process. Camino.ai With , everyday homeowners type in their zipcode, answer a few questions, and obtain a code-compliant ADU to place in their backyard. With such efforts, small-scale housing development has become a service. Cover 5. Capacity-building to keep promoting process innovations More generally, governments can prioritize efforts to enhance their own capacities to create better rules. Al Gore’s in the early 90’s is one precedent. National Partnership for Reinventing Government Such initiatives were not easy. They had to overcome capacity issues — governments pay less and have a harder time attracting technical and other scarce talent that would get paid much more elsewhere. They also had to overcome slow-moving processes to navigate red tape, which hampers innovation. Transparent and fair government procurement and request for proposal processes are foundational to ensure the highest-quality solutions are used. can and has helped. Efforts like , , and are addressing the procurement problem. helps governments such as Las Vegas and Pittsburgh assess their vendors better. Technology CoProcure Startups in Residence Atlas’ procurement toolkit UrbanLeap In sum Recently, the revamping of meta-rules happened in the data regulation world. The General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) rewired some meta-rules about who could participate in data management. Up to the passage of this legislation, most companies assumed customer data was their to keep and control, with broad consent. In fact, most people thought data protection was dead. But GDPR — along with voracious critiques of Facebook and Sidewalk Toronto — have sparked global conversations about including individual people who may have more say in the management of their data and to challenge decisions made by algorithms. As data collection and automated decision-making becomes more prevalent in urban governance, so too will urbanists grapple with data and AI governance issues. Who gets to participate and how do we keep algorithmic decisions accountable? Some tools are emerging, such as the for cities and standards to evaluate how cities are using data and AI, such as Bloomberg’s . Ethics and Algorithms toolkit What Works Cities I’m excited about how people are going to tackle these governance challenges. URBAN-X’s panelists did a great job illuminating them. Please share other promising strategies to do so. ☞ Agree or disagree? Add me on LinkedIn with a note here .

Ignoring the Future of Urban Governance Will Kill Vibrant Cities

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The TechBeat: Mastering the Art of Load Testing for Web Applications (12/5/2023)

How are you, hacker?
🪐 has got you covered with fresh content from our trending stories of the day! Set email preference . Want to know what's trending right now?: The Techbeat by HackerNoon here Mastering the Art of Load Testing for Web Applications By [ 7 Min read ]
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See you on Planet Internet! With love,
The Hacker Noon Team ✌️ @madzadev Read More. writing can help consolidate technical knowledge establish credibility and contribute to emerging community standards ANSWER THESE GREATEST INTERVIEW QUESTIONS OF ALL TIME

The TechBeat: Mastering the Art of Load Testing for Web Applications (12/3/2023)

Let's learn about via these 39 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Tokenomics /Learn Repo 1. Security tokens: The New Blockchain Era Blockchain is evolving into a new phase of our technological society. It is growing exponentially like other life-changing technologies used to, similar to the internet. The different possible ways of making money, presenting projects and bringing new ideas to light every day is what makes the cryptocurrency world so interesting. But let’s focus on a soon very hot topic, security tokens. 2. New Ways To Launch A Token Image Credit: UnsplashThe endless possibilities of cryptocurrencies have seen a lot of businesses show interest in the token economy and the overall blockchain space. 3. [Dismantling Crypto Myths] - Lowering Token Velocity is Essential for Increasing Token Valuation About the writer 4. Discover the Reason 'Agent-Based Modelling' and 'Tokenomics' Compliment Each Other Agent-based models have been around for a few decades now. They are one of the main methodologies behind the study of complex systems. 5. Passive Income and Yield Farming: A New Trend for 2021 Yield farming can be highly lucrative, but also very risky. The level of impermanent loss can discourage some users. 6. On the Decentralization of Spotify and Similar Platforms Music streaming services should embrace Blockchain Technology and leverage their accumulated knowledge to launch new types of marketplaces. 7. How to Pick the Winning Altcoin Won't anyone please think of the Tokenomics? 8. What is a Token Economy and How to Design a Thriving Cryptocurrency Do you want to design a token economy? Start by having a goal that makes sense. 9. Podcast: Reflections on the Equation of Exchange Tokenomics is one of my favorite subjects. It deals with the design of the correct incentive mechanisms. 10. Introducing The Tokenomics Questionnaire This simple questionnaire summarises our 5+ years of experience in this field and will help your blockchain project to get started with tokenomics! You can see 11. State of the Cryptomarket: An Interview With BankX CEO Lance Parker The cryptomarket is melting. The cryptomarket meltdown is a result of the bearish sentiment in the market. 12. 0VIX Launches Pre-mine, Introducing Unique Risk Management Feature Take a closer look at at 0VIX’s pre-mine, as well as their unique risk management features. 13. Metaverse Tokenomics Analysis Made Easy (So You Can Predict the Future) Many people are always asking if [Insert a Metaverse Project Here e.g. AxieInfinity] has (or still has) a future. So, I decided to write about an easy framework 14. SocialFi Re-democratizing Web3 with Social First, Finance Second The world we live in has been extremely adaptive to the twists and turns coming its way – whether they be in fashion, business, economy, or the way we interact with one another. Social media, noticeably, has evolved over the last 30 years since the emergence of the internet, completely revolutionizing and defining social interactions; from Myspace, Meta’s Facebook, Instagram to now SocialFi projects like Ultra (UOS), Gritti, and Coinverse, where users are empowered with decentralized finance (DeFi) principles and unlimited opportunities. 15. Ensuring Token Appreciation: Reflections on the Exchange Equation One of the keys behind a good tokenomics strategy is that a token should appreciate in value. In my article and paper about tokenomics auditing, I explained how 16. What DeFi Can Learn from Tokenomics Design in Play-To-Earn 3 lessons from Play-To-Earn can be adapted and applied in other products like DeFi and drive a new wave of innovations. 17. Guide on How to Choose Tokens for Investments Today there are too many different crypto projects on the market. This guide on how to choose tokens for investments will help you find prospective projects. 18. 1inch is ...Inflationary? After a user on Reddit informed me the smart contract allows the team to create unlimited tokens, I became interested in traveling further down the wormhole. 19. ICO/IDO & Funds: A Deep Dive There is always a simultaneous connection and conflict of interests between investors and founders. This is most evident in the project’s tokenomics. 20. Future of Ownership: Dystopian or Utopian? A short story about the 30th birthday of a New Yorker girl in 2030 that tells about the  future of ownership based on future studies. 21. What is tokenomics and how it can make or break your ICO Imagine you are the ruler of a small country. All residents of your country use the barter system to trade goods and services. Now you find barter to be a cumbersome process because of the following reasons: 22. Breathe Life into Tokenomics: Tokens Shouldn't Hold Crypto Back Issued tokens may have no viable use case because the token’s utility has already been defined up front. A new open-source framework, IQ Protocol, can solve it. 23. Staking NFTs – A Beating Heart Among Stillness or Clinically Dead? The genuine features of NFTs make them ideal for wait-and-HODL strategies but has the era of staking NFTs come to its end? Some don't think so. 24. Tales From Crypto: Attacked But Not Defeated - We'll Come Out Stronger Over the last few months, we at Axion have been hard at work building a groundbreaking investment-grade cryptocurrency option for the masses. 25. If the Internet Blows up Tomorrow, What Will Become of my Crypto? It could be the end of Bitcoin. 26. Tokenization Will Destroy The World of Finance As We Know It Blockchain can become the main feature not only of financial markets, but also of many other sectors of the economy. In theory, any asset can be tokenized, and the rights to it are represented in a distributed ledger. But it is most likely that in the coming years, this process will affect the following industries - Infrastructure, real estate, intellectual property, music and culture, stocks and trade, gold and rare precious metals, foundations and their assets, art and collectibles, foreign exchange transactions and insurance. But at the same time, it should be understood that the tokenization of these industries will seriously change them, and will actually hit finance. 27. Ethereum Tokenomics 2021: Impact of Eth2, EIP 1559, and L2 Scaling Solutions on Demand/Supply Huge changes for Ethereum are on the horizon. We have Eth2, EIP 1559, and Layer 2 scaling. Here, we explore how they influence ETH tokenomics and price. 28. Building a Sustainable and Value-driven Crypto Ecosystem Short dive into what must be done for crypto so survive. 29. Narrative Cryptoeconomics: Part 1 The emergence of open blockchains as one of the most hyped technologies of the past decade has led to the birth of cryptoeconomics, a discipline that combines computer science and economics to effectively design decentralized digital systems. 30. How To Do Fundamental Analysis Like A Pro By the time you're done reading this article, you will understand the concept of fundamental analysis in cryptocurrency projects. 31. Consensus 2021: Understanding LatAm Blockchain States and Protocol Usage Metrics Consensus 2021 panel discussions around crypto states in Latin America and layer one and layer two blockchain protocols. Tokenomics metrics and usage growth. 32. Tokenizing Metals - An Overview DeFi continues to explode in popularity, driving most of crypto’s growth, but what some investors don’t realize is that it’s merely a continuation of crypto’s vision of “tokenizing the world.” 33. The What and Why of Tokenomics Do you find the concept of tokenomics a bit strange? Learn about the meaning and importance of tokenomics in this article. 34. Tokenomics. From Myths To Reality. It seems that the last 5 years in the global economy and science have become the time of the innovation boom. So many different things appeared, so often one began to use new terms and epithets, previously unknown to the public, that in fact it can be argued that hype and innovation are synonymous. 35. A Research Report on the Trader $JOE DeFi Platform Investment Research Report for the Trader Joe ($JOE) decentralized finance platform on the Avalanche blockchain. Crypto / NFT Valuation and Tokenomics Analysis 36. Fighting Wealth Inequality with Blockchain and Tokenization [Deep Dive] While Bloomberg has celebrated the best decade in history for financial returns, it is not a coincidence that wealth inequality has reached proportions not seen since the roaring´20s. And while this does not seem to concern the financial elites — who celebrated another fat end of the year — this is in reality a major concern for all the others, the 99,..%ers. 37. Blockchain Governance: Everything You Ever Wanted To Know The following curriculum is updated periodically with new modules and readings. The last update was made on August 20th, 2020. If you are interested in... 38. Blockchain-Verified Sentiment The explosion of content on the world wide web, social media and chat networks greatly increased the interest in sentiment analysis from a growing number and variety of interested parties. 39. Token Velocity is Good. And Other Implications of Analyzing MV = PQ from First Principles About the writer Thank you for checking out the 39 most read stories about Tokenomics on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

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