C-Power harnesses the power of ocean waves to deliver renewable energy solutions anywhere, anytime, and for anything

C-Power

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Meet C-Power, Winner of the Startup of the Year in Charlottesville, Virginia, USA

C-Power has been nominated in HackerNoon's annual Startup of the Year awards in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. Please vote for us here: https://hackernoon.com/startups/north-america/north-america-charlottesville-va-usa Read more about C-Power below, and thanks for considering voting for us for Charlottesville Startup of the Year. Are you also participating in SOTY 2023? If so, click here to fill out this interview. Columbia Power (C-Power) C-Power’s products convert ocean wave energy into usable and storable energy anytime, anywhere, and for anything. Our solutions for lower-power needs change the ocean from a power desert into a power- and data-enriched environment, reducing operational costs, carbon, and complexity for offshore, island, and coastal applications. The systems are easy to transport and deployable anywhere in the world, unlocking innovation in critical industries such as offshore energy, defense and security, aquaculture, science and research, and communications. Our solutions for higher-power needs will unleash the next wave of zero-carbon energy for electric grids on land and remote onshore or offshore mini-grids. Visit us at . https://cpower.co/ Reenst Lesemann, CEO I grew up on the water and knew I wanted to spend my life working with the ocean.​ ​ Midway through my career, I found myself on a conference panel with C-Power co-founder Sandy Reisky. After hearing Sandy talk about the potential of ocean wave technology, I couldn’t help but get involved. ​ ​ Driven by my passion for the ocean and by the idea of bringing new renewable energy to the world, I am leading C-Power in the charge to harness the ocean’s power to create a viable and powerful technology that will accelerate decarbonization. How We're Disrupting/Improving the Renewable Energy Industry Decarbonization is a massive global effort.​ Right now, there are two primary renewable energy sources: solar and wind. They are powerful resources, but they aren’t enough to decarbonize the global economy. We don’t have the right energy in the right places to complete the energy transition. The ocean is the biggest and best battery on Earth, and it covers 71% of the Earth’s surface. C-Power is adding ocean energy​ to the global renewable energy portfolio with high-value strategic innovation. First, we are helping unlock the digital, autonomous, decarbonized future of offshore operations with lower cost, lower complexity, and lower carbon solutions. Second, we will develop large-scale solutions to bring renewable ocean energy to electric grids on land. The right ocean energy solution will: 1) decarbonize, diversify, and secure the global energy mix; 2) unleash innovation and decarbonization in the ocean economy; and 3) improve offshore operations. Standing Out from The Crowd C-Power makes the right ocean energy solution. Our autonomous offshore power systems are available with 24/7 reliable power generation, for service in remote or populous areas, and for from data gathering to utility-scale power generation. anytime anywhere anything Our technology is unique and patented. C-Power is the only company in the industry providing ocean energy systems that are 1) simple and reliable, 2) scalable, 3) easy to transport and at low cost, 4) deployable anywhere, and 5) can be delivered to the market rapidly. Our Predictions/Thoughts on the Ocean Energy Industry in 2023 The ocean energy industry is still in its early stage seeking to drive down costs toward parity with solar and wind power as well as innovate to improve performance in the harsh ocean environment. As such, the industry in 2023 will continue to rely on government research, development, and demonstration funding as well as private investor support. However, leading ocean energy providers like C-Power have blazed a shorter trail across the industry’s “valley of death” to commercialization and a sustainable customer market. These leaders are targeting industries operating in the ocean economy — offshore energy, defense, scientific research — that need power and real-time communications at sea to unlock a future of autonomous and digital operations with lower cost, carbon emissions, and complexity. In 2023, expect to see ocean energy solutions in the water unlocking this bright future for the ocean economy. By unlocking this market, ocean energy leaders will develop a source of commercial energy to continue the journey toward utility-scale ocean energy on par with wind and solar. What word defines the state of ocean energy in 2023? : Our industry has researched, developed, and lab-tested viable products across a number of form factors to turn energy from ocean waves and tides into clean, renewable electricity. Demonstration Now, it is time to demonstrate those capabilities in real-world projects that deliver real-world value to companies looking to innovate in the ocean economy. In 2023, C-Power is launching the world’s most cutting-edge ocean energy demonstration in Hawaii at the U.S. Navy’s Wave Energy Test Site, where our SeaRAY autonomous offshore power system will provide power and real-time communications for data-gathering equipment and an autonomous underwater vehicle simultaneously. Why we decided to participate in HackerNoon's Startup of the Year awards C-Power is participating in these awards because we are honored to appear side-by-side with our innovative neighbors in Charlottesville, Virginia. We are proud to employ five people in Charlottesville (25 globally), contributing to the economic vitality of our city. While our community is small, it is an innovation hub with a thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem. We’re proud to bring attention not only to our efforts to develop a new clean energy resource but also to our innovative community. Final Thoughts C-Power is the industry leader in delivering simple, reliable ocean wave energy to help decarbonize the global economy. Recognition for our company delivers support for our cause. Thank you for helping us bring a new renewable energy resource to the world that is critical for a sustainable future. C-Power is nominated as Startup of the Year in Charlottesville, USA. Vote for us today!

Harnessing the Power of the Ocean - Interview with Startups of the Year Nominee, C-Power

How it Works by Archibald Williams is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . THE CYCLE. here THE CYCLE. There are a few features of this useful and in some ways wonderful contrivance which should be noticed. First, THE GEARING OF A CYCLE. To a good many people the expression "geared to 70 inches," or 65, or 80, as the case may be, conveys nothing except the fact that the higher the gear the faster one ought to be able to travel. Let us therefore examine the meaning of such a phrase before going farther. The safety cycle is always "geared up"—that is, one turn of the pedals will turn the rear wheel more than once. To get the exact ratio of turning speed we count the teeth on the big chain-wheel, and the teeth on the small chain-wheel attached to the hub of the rear wheel, and divide the former by the latter. To take an example:—The teeth are 75 and 30 in number respectively; the ratio of speed therefore = 75⁄30 = 5⁄2 = 2½. One turn of the pedal turns the rear wheel 2½ times. The gear of the cycle is calculated by multiplying this result by the diameter of the rear wheel in inches. Thus a 28-inch wheel would in this case give a gear of 2½ × 28 = 70 inches. One turn of the pedals on a machine of this gear would propel the rider as far as if he were on a high "ordinary" with the pedals attached directly to a wheel 70 inches in diameter. The gearing is raised or lowered by altering the number ratio of the teeth on the two chain-wheels. If for the 30-tooth wheel we substituted one of 25 teeth the gearing would be— 75⁄25 × 28 inches = 84 inches. A handy formula to remember is, gearing = T/ × D, where T = teeth on large chain-wheel; = teeth on small chain-wheel; and D = diameter of driving-wheel in inches. t t Two of the most important improvements recently added to the cycle are—(1) The free wheel; (2) the change-speed gear. THE FREE WHEEL is a device for enabling the driving-wheel to overrun the pedals when the rider ceases pedalling; it renders the driving-wheel "free" of the driving gear. It is a ratchet specially suited for this kind of work. From among the many patterns now marketed we select the Micrometer free-wheel hub (Fig. 222), which is extremely simple. The r is attached to the hub of the driving-wheel. The small chain-wheel (or "chain-ring," as it is often called) turns outside this, on a number of balls running in a groove chased in the neck of the ratchet. Between these two parts are the , of half-moon shape. The driving-wheel is assumed to be on the further side of the ratchet. To propel the cycle the chain-ring is turned in a clockwise direction. Three out of the six pawls at once engage with notches in the ratchet, and are held tightly in place by the pressure of the chain-ring on their rear ends. The other three are in a midway position. ratchet-wheel pawls When the rider ceases to pedal, the chain-ring becomes stationary, but the ratchet continues to revolve. The pawls offer no resistance to the ratchet teeth, which push them up into the semicircular recesses in the chain-ring. Each one rises as it passes over a tooth. It is obvious that driving power cannot be transmitted again to the road wheel until the chain-wheel is turned fast enough to overtake the ratchet. THE CHANGE-SPEED GEAR. A gain in speed means a loss in power, and . By gearing-up a cycle we are able to make the driving-wheel revolve faster than the pedals, but at the expense of control over the driving-wheel. A high-geared cycle is fast on the level, but a bad hill-climber. The low-geared machine shows to disadvantage on the flat, but is a good hill-climber. Similarly, the express engine must have large driving-wheels, the goods engine small driving-wheels, to perform their special functions properly. vice versâ In order to travel fast over level country, and yet be able to mount hills without undue exertion, we must be able to do what the motorist does—change gear. Two-speed and three-speed gears are now very commonly fitted to cycles. They all work on the same principle, that of the epicyclic train of cog-wheels, the mechanisms being so devised that the hub turns more slowly than, at the same speed as, or faster than the small chain-wheel, according to the wish of the rider. We do not propose to do more here than explain the principle of the epicyclic train, which means "a wheel on (or running round) a wheel." Lay a footrule on the table and roll a cylinder along it by the aid of a second rule, parallel to the first, but resting on the cylinder. It will be found that, while the cylinder advances six inches, the upper rule advances twice that distance. In the absence of friction the work done by the agent moving the upper rule is equal to that done in overcoming the force which opposes the forward motion of the cylinder; and as the distance through which the cylinder advances is only half that through which the upper rule advances, it follows that the which must act on the upper rule is only half as great as that overcome in moving the cylinder. The carter makes use of this principle when he puts his hand to the top of a wheel to help his cart over an obstacle. force Now see how this principle is applied to the change-speed gear. The lower rule is replaced by a cog-wheel, c (Fig. 223); the cylinder by a cog, b, running round it; and the upper rule by a ring, a, with internal teeth. We may suppose that a is the chain-ring, b a cog mounted on a pin projecting from the hub, and c a cog attached to the fixed axle. It is evident that b will not move so fast round c as a does. The amount by which a will get ahead of b can be calculated easily. We begin with the wheels in the position shown in Fig. 223. A point, i, on a is exactly over the topmost point of c. For the sake of convenience we will first assume that instead of b running round c, b is revolved on its axis for one complete revolution in a clockwise direction, and that a and c move as in Fig. 224. If b has 10 teeth, c 30, and a 40, a will have been moved 10⁄40 = ¼ of a revolution in a clockwise direction, and c 10⁄30 = ⅓ of a revolution in an anti-clockwise direction. Now, coming back to what actually does happen, we shall be able to understand how far a rotates round c relatively to the motion of b, when c is fixed and rolls (Fig. 225). b advances ⅓ of distance round c; a advances ⅓ + ¼ = 7⁄12 of distance round b. The fractions, if reduced to a common denominator, are as 4:7, and this is equivalent to 40 (number of teeth on a): 40 + 30 (teeth on a + teeth on c.) B To leave the reader with a very clear idea we will summarize the matter thus:—If T = number of teeth on a, = number of teeth on c, then movement of a: movement of b:: T + : T. t t Here is a two-speed hub. Let us count the teeth. The chain-ring (= a) has 64 internal teeth, and the central cog (= c) on the axle has 16 teeth. There are four cogs (= b) equally spaced, running on pins projecting from the hub-shell between a and c. How much faster than b does a run round c? Apply the formula:—Motion of a: motion of b:: 64 + 16: 64. That is, while a revolves once, b and the hub and the driving-wheel will revolve only 64⁄80 = ⅘ of a turn. To use scientific language, b revolves 20 per cent. slower than a. This is the gearing we use for hill-climbing. On the level we want the driving-wheel to turn as fast as, or faster than, the chain-ring. To make it turn at the same rate, both a and c must revolve together. In one well-known gear this is effected by sliding c along the spindle of the wheel till it disengages itself from the spindle, and one end locks with the plate which carries a. Since b is now being pulled round at the bottom as well as the top, it cannot rotate on its own axis any longer, and the whole train revolves —that is, while a turns through a circle b does the same. solidly To get an of gearing, matters must be so arranged that the drive is transmitted from the chain-wheel to b, and from a to the hub. While b describes a circle, a and the driving-wheel turn through a circle and a part of a circle—that is, the driving-wheel revolves faster than the hub. Given the same number of teeth as before, the proportional rates will be a = 80, b = 64, so that the gear 25 per cent. increase rises By means of proper mechanism the power is transmitted in a three-speed gear either (1) from chain-wheel to a, a to b, b to wheel = gear; or (2) from chain-wheel to a and c simultaneously = solid, normal, or gear; or (3) from chain-wheel to b, b to a, a to wheel = gear. In two-speed gears either 1 or 3 is omitted. low middle high About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Archibald Williams (2009). How it Works. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/28553/pg28553-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

THE CYCLE.

Why do we use alternating current (AC) power? Why don’t power companies just distribute direct current (DC) power, since the first thing we normally do with modern appliances is convert the AC to DC? The answer to those questions dates to ’s efforts to Thomas Edison promote his incandescent lamp and electrify New York. Edison’s generators produced DC power, which worked fine for local distribution, but required either very large cables to supply loads more than a few blocks away, or a power station every few blocks. This is because, at voltages practical for end use, large currents were required to electrify more than just a small area. Enter Nikola Tesla, backed by George Westinghouse, who promoted high-voltage AC transmission lines with a low voltage substation every few blocks for local distribution. The important difference was the substation only required a transformer, while the DC solution required a complete steam-powered power plant. Ultimately, Westinghouse settled the war that ensued when he built a hydroelectric plant at Niagra Falls that was able to supply loads hundreds of miles away. However, in the few extremely long, point-to-point transmission lines, the balance tips back toward very high voltage DC transmission lines (e.g., the power line from Grand Coulee Dam in Washington State to Los Angeles). AC power enabled many other inventions key to industrialization, from the induction motor and gas discharge lamp ballasts to light dimmers and electric shavers. But part of the dark side of AC power is this notion of power factor. The voltage for DC power is constant, so there is no phase associated with it; AC power is (ideally) sinusoidal, with the voltage and current crossing 0 V at 120 times a second (twice per 60 Hz cycle). If the load (or even the power line) is slightly inductive or capacitive, the current will either lag or lead the voltage. Figure 1 shows an LTspice model of a 120 VAC, 60 Hz, AC voltage source driving an inductor, a resistor, and a capacitor in parallel. Figure 2 shows the output of this simulation with the voltage of the source V(n001), the inductor current I(L1), the resistor current I(R1), and the capacitor current I(C1). Notice that only the resistor current is in phase with the voltage, the inductor current “lags” behind the voltage by 90 degrees, while the capacitor current “leads” the voltage by 90 degrees. How (And Why) To Determine Power Factor Power factor is classically defined as the cosine of the angle between the root mean square (RMS) AC voltage — defined as the amount of AC power that produces the same heating effect as DC power — and the RMS AC current. To calculate the power consumed by a DC load, simply multiply the voltage at the load by the current through it. , To calculate the power consumed by an AC load the product of RMS voltage and current must be multiplied by the power factor. If voltage and current are in phase (0 degrees phase error), the cosine of 0 is 1, and therefore the same calculation as DC. This occurs when the load is made to look resistive. If the phase error is 60 degrees, the cosine of 60 is 0.5; only half of the product of voltage and current is delivered to the load. So where does the other half go? That current still circulates through the power lines; it just doesn’t deliver useful power to the load. When breaking down the “apparent power” waveform (called volt-amperes, or VA) into its inphase and out-of-phase parts — sometimes referred to as “real” and “imaginary” parts, respectively —the in-phase part (the cosine coefficient) is called power (measured in watts), while the out-of-phase part (the sine coefficient) is called reactive power (measured volt-ampsreactive, or VAR). So, power factor can also be defined as the real power divided by VA (PF = W/VA). The watt meter on your power panel only measures real power, so customers are only billed for real power, but the utility still has to size its equipment to handle the total current flowing, so it strives to make all current “billable” current. How this Applies to Medical Devices But why does any of this matter, particularly if you are not billed for it? First, the utility ultimately bills its customers for all expenses, so the cost of correcting power factor is passed on to consumers. Second, more and more agency specifications — such as EN60601, EN61000, and IEC555 — require power factor correction for medical devices (sometimes referred to as powerline harmonic control). Manufacturers of medical devices are required to provide varying degrees of power factor correction in their products, depending on power output and application. If you are thinking, “My product does not contain any large loads, much less inductive or capacitive types,” there is a subtlety that rears its ugly head: That little switching power supply you put into your product to meet the efficiency/wide input/size/weight/packaging requirements introduces its own peculiar variant of power factor corruption. Remember, a power factor of one occurs when the load appears resistive. A switch mode power supply (SMPS) typically rectifies the power line, and then charges a large capacitor to store energy during the time the voltage sine wave drops to 0V, until it recovers. If this capacitor is large enough, it will store enough energy that the power line can drop out or “brown out” for several cycles, such as occurs when a large load is connected to the line (e.g., air conditioning compressors starting or laser printer heaters cycling). From a power supply designer’s point of view, the bigger that input capacitor, the better. If the capacitor is big enough, it discharges very little during a cycle of the power line, and during steady state, the power line voltage is only greater than the capacitor voltage at the positive and negative peak of the waveform. Therefore, current only flows during the peaks of the power line voltage waveform. It is perfectly in phase, so the power factor should be 1, right? Well, remember that the load should appear resistive. Figure 3 Figure 4 shows the AC current waveform of a resistive load and that of a switching power supply at equivalent power levels. Notice that the resistor produces the expected in-phase sinusoidal waveform, while the switcher front end produces an impulse of current twice per cycle. A pulse is the superposition of multiple sine waves, since this pulse occurs at regular intervals, the sine waves that make up the pulse must all be harmonically related. In this case, 60Hz is the fundamental and the other sine waves are harmonics of 60Hz. The topology of the front end of a simple, offline, switching power supply is illustrated on the right side of Figure 3. The AC voltage source (Vswitcher) is rectified by the four diodes and charges a capacitor (C1). Normally, the switching power supply would operate from the energy stored on the capacitor (the power dissipated by R1 simulates a load on the supply). For comparison, the left half of Figure 3 shows the waveform with just a resistive load (R2). Figure 4 illustrates the waveforms of these circuits. As expected, the voltage and current are in-phase for the resistive load shown in the top pane. There will be a small discontinuity close to the zero crossing due to the diode forward voltage, but that is not visible here because of the scale. The applied voltage is the same for the switcher front end, but the resultant current is shown in the middle pane. Notice the scale of the current (shown on the right side of the top pane) is about 20 times greater in the middle pane (800 mA peak vs 40 mA peak). The bottom pane shows that both circuits consume the same power, measured by the voltage across the resistor multiplied by the current through it. R1 is larger than R2 because R1 is operating at approximately 169 VAC, while R2 is operating at 120 V RMS, but the power dissipated in each is the same. This illustration is something of a worst case, but it shows how much higher peak currents can be for a switched mode input than a resistive load operating at the same power level. Harmonic Generation and Three-Phase Power Generation Two consequences result from the switcher input current waveform in power lines where a large number of switching supplies are installed. First, because a large pulse of current is required at the peak of the line, instead of spreading this over the whole cycle, the voltage sags due to resistive drop in conductors and saturation in transformers or uninterruptable power supplies. This distorts the voltage waveform and generates further powerline harmonics. Even though the current pulse is timed with the peak of the voltage waveform, only the fundamental frequency is truly in phase with the voltage; the harmonic currents flow in and out of the capacitor while the diode is “on,” but do not store significant charge in it. The RMS ammeter measures all of the harmonic current, but the real power is just the energy stored in capacitor each cycle. Therefore, the product of the RMS current and voltage will show an indicated apparent power greater than the real power. Distributed throughout IEC 60601 are paragraphs reclassifying medical devices that would otherwise pass International Special Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) requirements, except for their distortion of the third harmonic of the powerline. This applies particularly to devices with loads greater than 75 W and less than 16 A per phase. Third harmonic distortion can be generated by any non-linearities in the load, but most commonly derive from switched mode power supply (SMPS) front ends. Figure 5 is a spectral analysis (performed by FFT) of the current in the middle pane of Figure 4 (the simulated input current to a SMPS). Amplitude is shown on the y axis and frequency is shown on the x axis (both axes are plotted on a logarithmic scale). A purely sinusoidal input current would have a single peak at 60 Hz, but the distorted waveform of Figure 4 shows the fundamental at 60 Hz, plus an almost equally large spike at 180 Hz (third harmonic of 60), accompanied by a plethora of higher harmonics. To see the effect of just the third harmonic targeted by 60601, Figure 6 shows the superposition of a 60 Hz current [green trace labeled I(60Hz) with its third harmonic I(180Hz]. The resultant waveform I(load) shows what looks similar to the input current of a SMPS. Notice that the current is disproportionately low on either side of the zero crossing and then peaks with the voltage. The characteristic waveform of the SMPS input current is specifically addressed by 60601. Beyond this harmonic generation, a second consequence (of switcher input current waveform in power lines where a large number of switching supplies are installed) is the phenomenon of three-phase power generation. This is easiest to understand in “WYE” (Y) configuration where three phases, 120 degrees apart, all share a common neutral, as shown in Figure 7. Imagine a resistive load connected from each phase: A, B, and C, to the neutral wire. Without descending into the math, imagine phase A is at the peak of its positive excursion, phase B will be delayed 120 degrees, and phase C will be delayed 240 degrees (which is the same as leading phase A by 120 degrees). The current flowing into resistor R1 is exactly equal to the sum of the current flowing out of R2 and R3. The bottom pane of Figure 7 shows the three currents flowing in each of the three phase resistors. The current in that neutral wire is zero as long as the load is perfectly balanced. The neutral current, I(Neutral) is shown at approximately 0 in the second pane from the bottom. The current in all three phases will balance. This is true for any chosen phase angle: In fact, the neutral wire is only there to deal with minor imbalances between the phases, and it typically is the same gauge wire as each phase wire. Now, replace sinusoidal drive in the three phases with a triangular pulse, similar to the switching power supply examined above. The overlay of the three triangular phase waveforms is shown in the second pane from the top of Figure 8. Now, when phase A is at the peak of its positive excursion and it generates that big current spike, the other two phases are not carrying any current, and the neutral must carry all of the return current. Since the neutral is the same size as the phase wire, what’s the problem? Well, rotate the phase 120 degrees and phase B will hit its peak and supply the same current which the neutral will need to carry, then rotate the phase until phase C hits its peak. In one cycle of the power line, the neutral had to carry three times the current of each of the phase wires. This is the current shown as I(Neutrl) in the top pane. Even in the best outcome scenario, the neutral wire gets very hot and the voltage sags considerably more than expected. Controlling Power Factor In Your Device OK, so controlling power factor may be something to be concerned about; what can be done to fix it? The good news is that semiconductor companies are working hard to sell you a solution. If your design is close to meeting your requirements without power factor correction, revisit that design and look at the input voltage range your switching IC will operate down to (or choose a new one) with lower input limit. Reduce the size of that input capacitor to increase the input conduction angle and spread that current spike over time (more like a resistor). Of course, doing this will make your supply more susceptible to drop out and brown out. Increasing the size of the output capacitors will help some, but this starts to take up quite a bit of space and can introduce other problems. Passive 60 Hz bandpass filters for the power line also are available, but they tend to require considerable space, as well. Alternatively, you can add a power factor corrector (PFC) to your design. Some switching controllers incorporate power factor correction, but independent front ends are most common. The simplest independent front end to understand is a “constant on-time” (COT) boost converter. It is inserted between the power line and that input capacitor, which caused all the problems above. This PFC has practically no input capacitance (other than the X and Y capacitors in the filter) and, as the name implies, it uses a constant on-time boost topology to charge that input energy storage capacitor to a voltage greater than the highest peak of the power line the device is designed to see. For example, if the high line was 120 VAC + 10 percent (120 X √2 X 1.10 = 187 V), 200 V may be chosen as the boost voltage. The boost controller would turn on the boost inductor for a period of time brief enough to prevent it from saturating at the peak of the line. A “fast” control loop drives the inductor switching, so that each switch cycle is “on” for the same period. Since the inductor current equals LVt (L = inductance, V = voltage, and t = time) — with L and t held fixed — inductor (I) current and therefore power line current are proportional to V. Since I is proportional to V, the input looks resistive. This might work acceptably for a fixed power level, but if the load fluctuates, the output voltage will vary wildly. To solve this, the boost controller actually has two loops: The fast loop described above, and the slow loop, which adjusts the “on” time to control the capacitor voltage, but does so slowly, over several power line cycles, to keep that resistive appearance. The capacitor voltage is only loosely regulated, which means that the capacitor has to be sized and rated to accommodate the variation. But, because the boost circuit makes the input to the capacitor appear resistive, the capacitor can now be relatively large. Because this topology is a boost converter, if the output (energy storage capacitor) voltage is ever less that the input voltage, current will flow from input to output to charge the capacitor. In this case, the power supply would continue to operate just fine, but the power factor correction would be defeated. An exaggerated current waveform for a constant on-time boost converter is shown in Figure 9. The AC supply voltage is shown as V(vac), the unfiltered supply current is shown as I(Ac), and the voltage on the output capacitor is shown as Vout. Notice that the average of the current waveform into the boost converter approximates sinusoidal and is in phase with the voltage. The switching speed shown here is very slow to make the individual pulses more visible. Speeding up the switching would make filtering the switch noise simpler, and operating in continuous conduction mode would further reduce the amplitude of the individual switch cycles. Another advantage to the boost topology is that the actual switching supply — behind the power factor correcting front end — now operates from a relatively fixed voltage. If the boost stage can accommodate a wide input range, the requirement for the rest of the supply to meet this input is mitigated. Other topologies exist, each with their own sets of advantages and disadvantages. Some power supply modules are available now with the power factor correction built in; they just require an input capacitor, a boost capacitor, and an output capacitor. Whatever solution is chosen, simulating the design is highly recommended, because it will provide greater insight into how the circuit responds to the corner cases. TI’s Tina, Intersil’s online simulator, and Linear Technologies’ LTspice are among the choices available for simulation. With many solutions available, power factor correction is not as daunting a task as it once was. The lead image for this article was generated by HackerNoon's via the prompt "thomas edison looking at the lightbulb" AI Image Generator

How (And Why) to Determine Power Factor for Medical Devices

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Làm thế nào (và tại sao) để xác định hệ số công suất cho các thiết bị y tế

如何（以及为什么）确定医疗设备的功率因数

The Radio Amateur's Hand Book, by A. Frederick Collins is part of . You can jump to any chapter in this book here: . Chapter XVII - Continuous Wave Telegraph Transmitting Sets with Alternating Current HackerNoon’s Book Blog Post series [LINK TO TABLE OF LINK] XVII. CONTINUOUS WAVE TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTING SETS WITH ALTERNATING CURRENT Within the last few years alternating current has largely taken the place of direct current for light, heat and power purposes in and around towns and cities. Now, if you have alternating current service in your home you can install a long-distance continuous wave telegraph transmitter with very little trouble and at a comparatively small expense. A 100 Mile C. W. Telegraph Transmitting Set.--The principal pieces of apparatus for this transmitter are the same as those used for the 100 Mile Continuous Wave Telegraph Transmitting Set described and pictured in the preceding chapter which used direct current, except that an alternating current power transformer is employed instead of the more costly motor-generator. The Apparatus Required.--The various pieces of apparatus you will need for this transmitting set are: (1) one hot-wire ammeter for the aerial as shown at E in Fig. 75, but which reads to 5 amperes instead of to 2.5 amperes; (2) one tuning coil as shown at A in Fig. 77; (3) one aerial condenser as shown at B in Fig. 77; (4) one grid leak as shown at C in Fig. 77; (5) one telegraph key as shown at G in Fig. 75; (6) one grid condenser, made like the aerial condenser but having only two terminals; (7) one 5 watt oscillator tube as shown at E in Fig. 77; (8) one .002 mfd. 3,000 volt by-pass condenser, made like the aerial and grid condensers; (9) one pair of choke coils for the high voltage secondary circuit; (10) one milli-ammeter; (11) one A. C. power transformer; (12) one rheostat as shown at I in Fig. 75, and (13) one panel cut-out as shown at K in Fig. 75. The Choke Coils.--Each of these is made by winding about 100 turns of No. 28, Brown and Sharpe gauge, cotton covered magnet wire on a spool 2 inches in diameter and 2-1/2 inches long, when it will have an inductance of about 0.5 millihenry [Footnote: A millihenry is 1/1000th part of a henry.] at 1,000 cycles. The Milli-ammeter.--This is an alternating current ammeter and reads from 0 to 250 milliamperes; [Footnote: A milliampere is the 1/1000th part of an ampere.] and is used for measuring the secondary current that energizes the plate of the oscillator tube. It looks like the aerial ammeter and costs about $7.50. The A. C. Power Transformer.--Differing from the motor generator set the power transformer has no moving parts. For this transmitting set you need a transformer that has an input of 325 volts. It is made to work on a 50 to 60 cycle current at 102.5 to 115 volts, which is the range of voltage of the ordinary alternating lighting current. This adjustment for voltage is made by means of taps brought out from the primary coil to a rotary switch. The high voltage secondary coil which energizes the plate has an output of 175 watts and develops a potential of from 350 to 1,100 volts. The low voltage secondary coil which heats the filament has an output of 175 watts and develops 7.5 volts. This transformer, which is shown in Fig. 81, is large enough to take care of from one to four 5 watt oscillator tubes. It weighs about 15 pounds and sells for $25.00. Photograph unavailable--The Transformer and Tuner of the World's Largest Radio Station. Owned by the Radio Corporation of America at Rocky Point near Port Jefferson L.I. Connecting Up the Apparatus.--The wiring diagram Fig. 82 shows clearly how all of the connections are made. It will be observed that a storage battery is not needed as the secondary coil of the transformer supplies the current to heat the filament of the oscillator. The filament voltmeter is connected across the filament secondary coil terminals, while the plate milli-ammeter is connected to the mid-taps of the plate secondary coil and the filament secondary coil. A 200 to 500 Mile C. W. Telegraph Transmitting Set.--Distances of from 200 to 500 miles can be successfully covered with a telegraph transmitter using two, three or four 5 watt oscillator tubes in parallel. The apparatus needed is identical with that used for the 100 mile transmitter just described. The tubes are connected in parallel as shown in the wiring diagram in Fig. 83. A 500 to 1,000 Mile C. W. Telegraph Transmitting Set.--With the apparatus described for the above set and a single 50 watt oscillator tube a distance of upwards of 500 miles can be covered, while with two 50 watt oscillator tubes in parallel you can cover a distance of 1,000 miles without difficulty, and nearly 2,000 miles have been covered with this set. The Apparatus Required.--All of the apparatus for this C. W. telegraph transmitting set is the same as that described for the 100 and 200 mile sets but you will need: (1) one or two 50 watt oscillator tubes with sockets; (2) one key condenser that has a capacitance of 1 mfd., and a rated potential of 1,750 volts; (3) one 0 to 500 milli-ammeter; (4) one aerial ammeter reading to 5 amperes, and (5) an A. C. power transformer for one or two 50 watt tubes. Photograph unavailable--Broadcasting Government Reports by Wireless from Washington. This shows Mr. Gale at work with his set in the Post Office Department. The Alternating Current Power Transformer.--This power transformer is made exactly like the one described in connection with the preceding 100 mile transmitter and pictured in Fig. 81, but it is considerably larger. Like the smaller one, however, it is made to work with a 50 to 60 cycle current at 102.5 to 115 volts and, hence, can be used with any A. C. lighting current. It has an input of 750 volts and the high voltage secondary coil which energizes the plate has an output of 450 watts and develops 1,500 to 3,000 volts. The low voltage secondary coil which heats the filament develops 10.5 volts. This transformer will supply current for one or two 50-watt oscillator tubes and it costs about $40.00. Connecting Up the Apparatus.--Where a single oscillator tube is used the parts are connected as shown in Fig. 82, and where two tubes are connected in parallel the various pieces of apparatus are wired together as shown in Fig. 83. The only difference between the 5 watt tube transmitter and the 50 watt tube transmitter is in the size of the apparatus with one exception; where one or two 50 watt tubes are used a second condenser of large capacitance (1 mfd.) is placed in the grid circuit and the telegraph key is shunted around it as shown in the diagram Fig. 83. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Collins, A. Frederick. 2002. The Radio Amateur's Hand Book. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved April 2022, from https://www.gutenberg.org/files/6934/6934-h/6934-h.htm#chap17 This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

Building a 100 Mile C.W. Telegraph Set  

Welcome to other chapters of . Let’s Understand Chrome V8 JavaScript is a dynamically typed language, so we don’t care about the data type, just use var to define the variable we want. But in C++, you have to figure out and read up a lot about integers and longs and chars and so on to just a very simple hello world program. It’s C++ which is a statically typed language. So, how does a static language like C++ power the dynamically typed JavaScript? That’s what I would like to talk about in this article. 1. Map layout In C++, a JavaScript object is just a piece of memory with no type. C++ doesn’t know how many and what values are in this memory. In JavaScript philosophy, these values can change dynamically, so how can C++ know the latest type in order to maintain a JavaScript object? Look at Figure 1, let’s talk about the map class used by V8, namely the hidden class. From a JavaScript developer’s perspective, you can only see blue memory, which is your JavaScript object; In V8, I can see all memory, green memory (map), and blue memory (JavaScript objects). The map size is 80bytes, and it is used to protect the type of a JavaScript object, which is the layout of the blue memory — what data is stored, strings, arrays, or other? How to read this data? Namely, the addressing method. Map only saves the addressing method, not the data in a JavaScript object. Note: Before maintaining a JavaScript object, V8 takes out the addressing method from the map first, then can read and write blue memory correctly. V8 updates the latest addressing method into the JavasCript object’s map in time once its type changes. In this way, JavaScript developers can alter the object type freely. To sum up, in C++, the data type is still static, and the most important thing is to update the map in time when the type changes. It is the truth that you’d like to know. The technology behind the dynamic features is powered by C++. The description of the map is below. 1.  Map layout:
2.  // +---------------+---------------------------------------------+
3.  // |   _ Type _    | _ Description _                             |
4.  // +---------------+---------------------------------------------+
5.  // | TaggedPointer | map - Always a pointer to the MetaMap root  |
6.  // +---------------+---------------------------------------------+
7.  // | Int           | The first int field                         |
8.  //  `---+----------+---------------------------------------------+
9.  //      | Byte     | [instance_size]                             |
10.  //      +----------+---------------------------------------------+
11.  //      | Byte     | If Map for a primitive type:                |
12.  //      |          |   native context index for constructor fn   |
13.  //      |          | If Map for an Object type:                  |
14.  //      |          |   inobject properties start offset in words |
15.  //      +----------+---------------------------------------------+
16.  //      | Byte     | [used_or_unused_instance_size_in_words]     |
17.  //      |          | For JSObject in fast mode this byte encodes |
18.  //      |          | the size of the object that includes only   |
19.  //      |          | the used property fields or the slack size  |
20.  //      |          | in properties backing store.                |
21.  //      +----------+---------------------------------------------+
22.  //      | Byte     | [visitor_id]                                |
23.  // +----+----------+---------------------------------------------+
24.  // | Int           | The second int field                        |
25.  //  `---+----------+---------------------------------------------+
26.  //      | Short    | [instance_type]                             |
27.  //      +----------+---------------------------------------------+
28.  //      | Byte     | [bit_field]                                 |
29.  //      |          |   - has_non_instance_prototype (bit 0)      |
30.  //      |          |   - is_callable (bit 1)                     |
31.  //      |          |   - has_named_interceptor (bit 2)           |
32.  //      |          |   - has_indexed_interceptor (bit 3)         |
33.  //      |          |   - is_undetectable (bit 4)                 |
34.  //      |          |   - is_access_check_needed (bit 5)          |
35.  //      |          |   - is_constructor (bit 6)                  |
36.  //      |          |   - has_prototype_slot (bit 7)              |
37.  //      +----------+---------------------------------------------+
38.  //      | Byte     | [bit_field2]                                |
39.  //      |          |   - new_target_is_base (bit 0)              |
40.  //      |          |   - is_immutable_proto (bit 1)              |
41.  //      |          |   - unused bit (bit 2)                      |
42.  //      |          |   - elements_kind (bits 3..7)               |
43.  // +----+----------+---------------------------------------------+
44.  // | Int           | [bit_field3]                                |
45.  // |               |   - enum_length (bit 0..9)                  |
46.  // |               |   - number_of_own_descriptors (bit 10..19)  |
47.  // |               |   - is_prototype_map (bit 20)               |
48.  // |               |   - is_dictionary_map (bit 21)              |
49.  // |               |   - owns_descriptors (bit 22)               |
50.  // |               |   - is_in_retained_map_list (bit 23)        |
51.  // |               |   - is_deprecated (bit 24)                  |
52.  // |               |   - is_unstable (bit 25)                    |
53.  // |               |   - is_migration_target (bit 26)            |
54.  // |               |   - is_extensible (bit 28)                  |
55.  // |               |   - may_have_interesting_symbols (bit 28)   |
56.  // |               |   - construction_counter (bit 29..31)       |
57.  // |               |                                             |
58.  // +*************************************************************+
59.  // | Int           | On systems with 64bit pointer types, there  |
60.  // |               | is an unused 32bits after bit_field3        |
61.  // +*************************************************************+
62.  // | TaggedPointer | [prototype]                                 |
63.  // +---------------+---------------------------------------------+
64.  // | TaggedPointer | [constructor_or_backpointer]                |
65.  // +---------------+---------------------------------------------+
66.  // | TaggedPointer | [instance_descriptors]                      |
67.  // +*************************************************************+
68.  // ! TaggedPointer ! [layout_descriptors]                        !
69.  // !               ! Field is only present if compile-time flag  !
70.  // !               ! FLAG_unbox_double_fields is enabled         !
71.  // !               ! (basically on 64 bit architectures)         !
72.  // +*************************************************************+
73.  // | TaggedPointer | [dependent_code]                            |
74.  // +---------------+---------------------------------------------+
75.  // | TaggedPointer | [prototype_validity_cell]                   |
76.  // +---------------+---------------------------------------------+
77.  // | TaggedPointer | If Map is a prototype map:                  |
78.  // |               |   [prototype_info]                          |
79.  // |               | Else:                                       |
80.  // |               |   [raw_transitions]                         |
81.  // +---------------+---------------------------------------------+ The size and layout of the map are predefined constants that do not change. Each heap-managed object has a map. The shape of both two objects is the same, in other words, the two objects have the same internal members and member positions which means that they have the same addressing method, so they share the same map. See the code below. function Point(x,y) {
	this.x = x;
	this.y = y;
}

var fun1 = new Point(1,2);
var fun2 = new Point(3,4);
fun2.z = 80; The fun1 and fun2 come from the same constructor, they have the same shape, so they share the same map. But after fun2.z=80, the shape of fun2 is changed, so V8 assigns a new map for it. The class map is below. 1.  class Map : public HeapObject {
2.   public:
3.  //.............omit..................
4.     DECL_PRIMITIVE_ACCESSORS(bit_field, byte)
5.     DECL_PRIMITIVE_ACCESSORS(relaxed_bit_field, byte)
6.   // Bit positions for |bit_field|.
7.   #define MAP_BIT_FIELD_FIELDS(V, _)          \
8.     V(HasNonInstancePrototypeBit, bool, 1, _) \
9.     V(IsCallableBit, bool, 1, _)              \
10.     V(HasNamedInterceptorBit, bool, 1, _)     \
11.     V(HasIndexedInterceptorBit, bool, 1, _)   \
12.     V(IsUndetectableBit, bool, 1, _)          \
13.     V(IsAccessCheckNeededBit, bool, 1, _)     \
14.     V(IsConstructorBit, bool, 1, _)           \
15.     V(HasPrototypeSlotBit, bool, 1, _)
16.     DEFINE_BIT_FIELDS(MAP_BIT_FIELD_FIELDS)
17.   #undef MAP_BIT_FIELD_FIELDS
18.     // Bit field 2.
19.     DECL_PRIMITIVE_ACCESSORS(bit_field2, byte)
20.   // Bit positions for |bit_field2|.
21.   #define MAP_BIT_FIELD2_FIELDS(V, _)      \
22.     V(NewTargetIsBaseBit, bool, 1, _)      \
23.     V(IsImmutablePrototypeBit, bool, 1, _) \
24.     V(UnusedBit, bool, 1, _)               \
25.     V(ElementsKindBits, ElementsKind, 5, _)
26.     DEFINE_BIT_FIELDS(MAP_BIT_FIELD2_FIELDS)
27.   #undef MAP_BIT_FIELD2_FIELDS
28.     DECL_PRIMITIVE_ACCESSORS(bit_field3, uint32_t)
29.     V8_INLINE void clear_padding();
30.      DEFINE_FIELD_OFFSET_CONSTANTS(HeapObject::kHeaderSize,
31.                                    TORQUE_GENERATED_MAP_FIELDS)
32.      //.............omit..................
33.      OBJECT_CONSTRUCTORS(Map, HeapObject);
34.  }; Below is the expansion of the DEFINE_FIELD_OFFSET_CONSTANTS macro. 1.    enum {
2.  TORQUE_GENERATED_MAP_FIELDS_StartOffset= 7,
3.  kInstanceSizeInWordsOffset=8, kInstanceSizeInWordsOffsetEnd = 8,
4.  kInObjectPropertiesStartOrConstructorFunctionIndexOffset=9, kInObjectPropertiesStartOrConstructorFunctionIndexOffsetEnd = 9,
5.  kUsedOrUnusedInstanceSizeInWordsOffset=10, kUsedOrUnusedInstanceSizeInWordsOffsetEnd = 10,
6.  kVisitorIdOffset=11, kVisitorIdOffsetEnd = 11,
7.  kInstanceTypeOffset=12, kInstanceTypeOffsetEnd = 13,
8.  kBitFieldOffset=14, kBitFieldOffsetEnd = 14,
9.  kBitField2Offset=15, kBitField2OffsetEnd = 15,
10.  kBitField3Offset=16, kBitField3OffsetEnd = 19,
11.  kOptionalPaddingOffset=20, kOptionalPaddingOffsetEnd = 23,
12.  kStartOfStrongFieldsOffset=24, kStartOfStrongFieldsOffsetEnd = 23,
13.  kPrototypeOffset=24, kPrototypeOffsetEnd = 31,
14.  kConstructorOrBackPointerOffset=32, kConstructorOrBackPointerOffsetEnd = 39,
15.  kInstanceDescriptorsOffset=40, kInstanceDescriptorsOffsetEnd = 47,
16.  kLayoutDescriptorOffset=48, kLayoutDescriptorOffsetEnd = 55,
17.  kDependentCodeOffset=56, kDependentCodeOffsetEnd = 63,
18.  kPrototypeValidityCellOffset=64, kPrototypeValidityCellOffsetEnd = 71,
19.  kEndOfStrongFieldsOffset=72, kEndOfStrongFieldsOffsetEnd = 71,
20.  kStartOfWeakFieldsOffset=72, kStartOfWeakFieldsOffsetEnd = 71,
21.  kTransitionsOrPrototypeInfoOffset=72, kTransitionsOrPrototypeInfoOffsetEnd = 79,
22.  kEndOfWeakFieldsOffset=80, kEndOfWeakFieldsOffsetEnd = 79,
23.  kSize=80, kSizeEnd = 79,
24.    } The enumeration here is consistent with the map description mentioned above. Note that, in the new version of V8 in the future, the map may change, and new member variables may appear in this enumeration. A map is a heap-managed object of V8. When new a map, V8 uses the following function to allocate memory from the V8 heap. 1.  AllocationResult Heap::AllocateRaw(int size_in_bytes, AllocationType type,
2.                                     AllocationOrigin origin,
3.                                     AllocationAlignment alignment) {
4.  //.....omit.......
5.    if (AllocationType::kYoung == type) {
6.  //.....omit.......
7.    } else if (AllocationType::kOld == type) {
8.  //.....omit.......
9.    } else if (AllocationType::kCode == type) {
10.      if (size_in_bytes <= code_space()->AreaSize() && !large_object) {
11.        allocation = code_space_->AllocateRawUnaligned(size_in_bytes);
12.      } else {
13.        allocation = code_lo_space_->AllocateRaw(size_in_bytes);
14.      }
15.    } else if (AllocationType::kMap == type) {
16.      allocation = map_space_->AllocateRawUnaligned(size_in_bytes);
17.    } else if (AllocationType::kReadOnly == type) {
18.  #ifdef V8_USE_SNAPSHOT
19.      DCHECK(isolate_->serializer_enabled());
20.  #endif
21.      DCHECK(!large_object);
22.      DCHECK(CanAllocateInReadOnlySpace());
23.      DCHECK_EQ(AllocationOrigin::kRuntime, origin);
24.      allocation =
25.          read_only_space_->AllocateRaw(size_in_bytes, alignment, origin);
26.    } else {
27.      UNREACHABLE();
28.    }
29.    return allocation;
30.  } When line 15 is true, the type is kMap and size_in_bytes is 80, which means that is allocating memory for a new map. Figure 2 is the call stack. 2. Map initialization During the V8 startup, the below CreateInitialMaps initialize empty maps for all JavaScript types. The empty map descript the minimum requirements for a JavaScript object. When you have new a JavaScript object, V8 fills some necessary information (object type, size …) into the corresponding empty map. 1.  bool Heap::CreateInitialMaps() {
2.    HeapObject obj;
3.    {
4.      AllocationResult allocation = AllocatePartialMap(MAP_TYPE, Map::kSize);
5.      if (!allocation.To(&obj)) return false;
6.    }
7.    Map new_meta_map = Map::unchecked_cast(obj);
8.    set_meta_map(new_meta_map);
9.    new_meta_map.set_map_after_allocation(new_meta_map);
10.  //...................omit...................
11.    ReadOnlyRoots roots(this);
12.    {  // Partial map allocation
13.  #define ALLOCATE_PARTIAL_MAP(instance_type, size, field_name)                \
14.    {                                                                          \
15.      Map map;                                                                 \
16.      if (!AllocatePartialMap((instance_type), (size)).To(&map)) return false; \
17.      set_##field_name##_map(map);                                             \
18.    }
19.      ALLOCATE_PARTIAL_MAP(FIXED_ARRAY_TYPE, kVariableSizeSentinel, fixed_array);
20.      ALLOCATE_PARTIAL_MAP(WEAK_FIXED_ARRAY_TYPE, kVariableSizeSentinel,
21.                           weak_fixed_array);
22.      ALLOCATE_PARTIAL_MAP(WEAK_ARRAY_LIST_TYPE, kVariableSizeSentinel,
23.  //..................omit...................
24.  #undef ALLOCATE_PARTIAL_MAP
25.    }
26.    // Allocate the empty array.
27.    {
28.      AllocationResult alloc =
29.          AllocateRaw(FixedArray::SizeFor(0), AllocationType::kReadOnly);
30.      if (!alloc.To(&obj)) return false;
31.      obj.set_map_after_allocation(roots.fixed_array_map(), SKIP_WRITE_BARRIER);
32.      FixedArray::cast(obj).set_length(0);
33.    }
34.    set_empty_fixed_array(FixedArray::cast(obj));
35.  //...................omit....................
36.    FinalizePartialMap(roots.meta_map());
37.    FinalizePartialMap(roots.fixed_array_map());
38.    FinalizePartialMap(roots.weak_fixed_array_map());
39.    {
40.      if (!AllocateRaw(FixedArray::SizeFor(0), AllocationType::kReadOnly)
41.               .To(&obj)) {
42.        return false;
43.      }
44.      obj.set_map_after_allocation(roots.closure_feedback_cell_array_map(),
45.                                   SKIP_WRITE_BARRIER);
46.      FixedArray::cast(obj).set_length(0);
47.      set_empty_closure_feedback_cell_array(ClosureFeedbackCellArray::cast(obj));
48.    }
49.    DCHECK(!InYoungGeneration(roots.empty_fixed_array()));
50.    roots.bigint_map().SetConstructorFunctionIndex(
51.        Context::BIGINT_FUNCTION_INDEX);
52.    return true;
53.  } Lines 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 create meta_data for all maps. From lines 13 to 22, use the macro ALLOCATE_PARTIAL_MAP to create empty maps for ARRAY_LIST and ARRAY. From lines 27 to 34, create empty maps for other types. The map creations are in batches because the subsequent creation needs to use the previous results. On line 36, all empty maps are saved to roots_table, as shown in Figure 3. Root_table is defined by the following macro. #define READ_ONLY_ROOT_LIST(V)     \
  STRONG_READ_ONLY_ROOT_LIST(V)    \
  INTERNALIZED_STRING_ROOT_LIST(V) \
  PRIVATE_SYMBOL_ROOT_LIST(V)      \
  PUBLIC_SYMBOL_ROOT_LIST(V)       \
  WELL_KNOWN_SYMBOL_ROOT_LIST(V)   \
  STRUCT_MAPS_LIST(V)              \
  ALLOCATION_SITE_MAPS_LIST(V)     \
  DATA_HANDLER_MAPS_LIST(V)

#define MUTABLE_ROOT_LIST(V)                \
  STRONG_MUTABLE_IMMOVABLE_ROOT_LIST(V)     \
  STRONG_MUTABLE_MOVABLE_ROOT_LIST(V)       \
  V(StringTable, string_table, StringTable) \
  SMI_ROOT_LIST(V)

#define ROOT_LIST(V)     \
  READ_ONLY_ROOT_LIST(V) \
  MUTABLE_ROOT_LIST(V) Root_table holds not only the map but also other heap objects. Through the parameters of the macro template, we can roughly guess the role of each element. If you want to dive deeper, please debug. Okay, that wraps it up for this share. I’ll see you guys next time, take care! Please reach out to me if you have any issues. : qq9123013 : v8blink@outlook.com WeChat Email Also published . here

Understanding Chrome V8 — Chapter 14: What is Dynamically Typed JS 

There is certain gratification when you get a little “naked” mini-computer board to run the software you install on it. Maybe even your own application. Most (if not all) of the real-world applications I have implemented connect in one way or another to a database. It’s not a secret that relational databases are the most popular option in mission-critical applications that require truly . So, installing a good performant SQL database in a Raspberry Pi is, to say the least, a fun exercise to do. Even though the Raspberry Pi can connect to the Internet and consume a Database as a Service (DBaaS) like SkySQL, smaller applications might benefit from having a local-only database running on the same device. ACID compliance In this article, I show you how to install and set up a MariaDB server on a with 8 GB of RAM that you can connect to your local network through WiFi or Ethernet. You can use models with much less RAM memory as well. Raspberry Pi 4 Model B By the way, I have placed plenty of photos and screenshots to make this article more enjoyable. Hope you like it! Before You Start Before you start, make sure you have: a computer (duh!) a (double-duh!) Raspberry Pi an Internet connection (don’t you say!) a microSD card (I recommend at least 32GB) and a USB power supply for the Raspberry Pi (I used a phone charger) Installing Raspberry Pi OS A Raspberry Pi is a mini-computer. So you need an operating system (OS) for it. There are different flavors of Linux that you can use, but we’ll use the optimized Raspberry Pi OS. The OS is installed on a microSD card that you later plug into your Raspberry Pi: You can use your working computer to download and install the Raspberry Pi OS on the microSD card. Most likely, you’ll need a microSD to USB adapter, or if your computer supports it, an SD adapter for microSD. Either way, connect the microSD card to your computer and you’ll be good to go: Download and install the on your computer. Start the tool and click on : Raspberry Pi Imager software CHOOSE OS Click on : Raspberry Pi OS (other) Select or the 32-bit version depending on your Raspberry Pi model. The Lite version of the OS doesn’t include any GUI which is a better option when installing a database server, or any server-software really. A GUI would use space in the storage device (the microSD card) and will probably run additional processes that are not truly needed and that would also consume RAM. So, go for the Lite ( ) version: Raspberry Pi OS Lite (64-bit) headless Click on the gear icon (settings), enter a hostname (I’m using ), and enable SSH with password authentication: raspi01 Scroll down and set a username (mine is ) and password of your preference. Also, enter the details of your WiFi connection: pi Click on and then on . Select the volume that corresponds to the plugged microSD card: SAVE CHOOSE STORAGE Double-check that you selected the correct media (you don’t want to format your hard drive, right?) and if everything looks okay, click on : YES You’ll be prompted to enter your password. Once the process is completed, click on : CONTINUE Extract the microSD card (now with the Debian-based Raspberry Pi OS fully-operational operating system in it) and plug it into your Raspberry Pi: Connecting Remotely Through SSH Time for the most fun part. Connect the USB-C power supply to the Raspberry Pi. This turns on the device and boots the OS. Enjoy the little red (power attached indicator) and green (a program is running) LEDs: So cool. I’m excited for you as I write this! Give the device some time to boot. Be patient. Depending on the Raspberry Pi model, this could take up to several minutes. In my case, when the green LED started to flash less or was completely off, I knew the mini-computer was ready and (hopefully) connected through WiFi to my local network. To start talking with this little machine, you can use , which attaches a terminal to the device. To do this, open a terminal or command prompt on your computer, and execute the following: SSH ssh pi@raspi01.local Use the username and hostname that you configured when you installed the OS. If everything is all right, you should be prompted to add the host to the list of known hosts. Type and enter your Raspberry Pi OS password. You are in now: yes Sweet! This is a good time to update your Raspberry Pi. Run the following: sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade Installing the MariaDB Database Server Let’s make your new server more usable by installing MariaDB on it: sudo apt install mariadb-server It cannot get easier than that! A is included with the server installation, so you can connect to the database and check that it is working: SQL client sudo mariadb Try running a “Hello, World” kind of query there: Nice. Before we leave the client, create a new database (more on this later) and a user for it. It’s a good practice to not use the user when consuming the database from your applications. Here’s what you need to execute: root CREATE DATABASE nation;

CREATE USER 'user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Password123!';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nation.* TO 'user'@'%'; Now you can leave the SQL client: quit We’ll connect remotely to the database using the above user later. Securing the Database Server You can use the database in its current state, but it’s always a good idea to secure the server. MariaDB includes a tool that easies this process: sudo mariadb-secure-installation You’ll be prompted with the root password which by default is empty, so just press enter. The tool asks you questions as you go. Feel free to configure your database server as you wish. For reference, here’s how I answered the questions: NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB

      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

 

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current

password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and

haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

 

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

OK, successfully used password, moving on...

 

Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody

can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.

 

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

 

Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] n

 ... skipping.

 

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

 

Change the root password? [Y/n] Y

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Password updated successfully!

Reloading privilege tables..

 ... Success!

 

 

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone

to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for

them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation

go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a

production environment.

 

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y

 ... Success!

 

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This

ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

 

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y

 ... Success!

 

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can

access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed

before moving into a production environment.

 

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y

 - Dropping test database...

 ... Success!

 - Removing privileges on test database...

 ... Success!

 

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far

will take effect immediately.

 

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y

 ... Success!

 

Cleaning up...

 

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB

installation should now be secure.

 

Thanks for using MariaDB! Enabling Remote Database Access Since you probably want to connect to this database remotely from your working computer or even another Raspberry Pi, you’ll have to enable remote access. Edit the following file using or : nano vi sudo nano /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf Comment out the following line by adding a hash ( ) character at the beginning as shown: # #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 That’s it. Save the changes, exit the text editor, and leave the little machine by ending the SSH session: exit Now you are back into your working computer. If you happen to have the MariaDB client installed on your computer, you can try the remote connection right away (skip this if you don’t have the tool, or ): install it mariadb -h raspi01.local -u user -p If you see , your database is ready! Welcome to the MariaDB monitor Connecting to the Database Using DBeaver Most likely, you want to use a . In my opinion, the best free option is . If you haven’t, go ahead and download it and install it. graphical SQL database client DBeaver Open DBeaver and click the button: New Database Connection Select and click on : MariaDB Next > Enter the server host (in my case it is ), the username ( ), and the password. Click on to make sure all the connection details are correct: raspi01.local user Test Connection … You should see a message like this: Click , and . You should see the new remote connection in the : OK Finish Database Navigator Creating a Demo Database The website (props to the authors) contains a pretty nice demo database that you can use for experimenting. and extract the ZIP file that contains the SQL script. Select > in DBeaver and open the file. MariaDB Tutorial Download File Open File... nation.sql Click the button: Active datasource Select the Raspberry Pi connection and click on : Select Click the button: Execute SQL Script Now you have a populated demo database that you can play with! In the , browse the tables and double-click on one of them. For example, explore the tab after opening the table: Database Navigator Data countries Isn’t it cool to see all that data coming from the little computer? Running SQL Queries The whole point of having a database is to be able to execute custom SQL queries. In the , right-click on and select > . Try for example querying the languages spoken in your country. Here’s my result: Database Navigator nation SQL Editor New SQL script There are many interesting queries you can run, but I’ll let you figure out those. For reference here’s an of the database that I took from the MariaDB Tutorial website: ER diagram What’s Next? You might want to try next (get it from ). Or Maybe use one of the and create your own applications using , , , or . ColumnStore here MariaDB connectors Java JavaScript/Node.js Python C++ Ah! One final thing. If you want to safely shut down your Raspberry Pi, SSH into it and execute the following: sudo shutdown now Happy database querying and coding! Also published . here

Setting Up a Dedicated Database Server on Raspberry Pi

C was developed and promoted by Dennis Ritchie in the years between 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs. C++ came into existence around 1979 by Bjarne Stroustrup. C++ was created as an enrichment to the C programming language, and initially, it was named "C with Classes." C and C++ rule the world, still with being the base languages for other modern languages. It is essential for any developer to learn C and C++ as their first programming language as they carry the legacy and a strong history that no other programming language has yet. To improve basic programming skills and interpretation of how basic programming works, the knowledge of C and C++ is proven to be very essential. In embedded systems, 3D software, IoT, databases, etc, still C and C++ rocks as solid languages. C and C++ are still the Go-to languages also for new projects in Smart and Autonomous Cars, Space exploration, robotics and even completely new projects and tech are being written in C++. The reason to write these in C and C++ is since applications need to be very efficient and fast as they handle a huge amount of data and do many calculations per second. The popularity of C C is a very mature language that has been around for years now. The C language is often called a middle-level computer language as it gives a good balance of both high level and low-level languages. C is flexible as it gives more control for programmers by allowing them to manipulate bits, bytes, and addresses, and this helps the program to behave exactly how the program would want it to behave, and it gives more direct access to the mechanics of the underlying hardware. C has a great history where it was created, influenced, and field-tested by working programmers in all areas. The objective of any programmer choosing C is because it gives the programmer what the programmer wants. The one important feature of C is the ability to implement various data types, unions, arrays, loops, macros, functions, structures, user-defined operations, binary trees, hash tables, linked lists, stacks, and queues, and pointers. C as a language serves as a prerequisite for learning other more modern programming languages. The C standard library provides programmers with a remarkable range of inbuilt functions that eases out things during programming. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) established a board in 1983 named X3J11, to develop a standard specification of C language. In 1990, the ANSI C standard was adopted by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as ISO/IEC 9899:1990, which is sometimes also termed C90. Therefore, the terms "C89" and "C90" refer to the same programming language. C18 is regarded as the unofficial name for ISO/IEC 9899:2018, the most up-to-date standard for the C language, issued in June 2018. It replaced the previous C11 (standard ISO/IEC 9899:2011). It has been informally named as C17 also. C2x will succeed C18. The popularity of C++ C++ is everywhere if we look around. From IoT to Database software, Embedded systems, operating systems, medical applications, and games are a few real-world cases that use C++. Recently, as processors have grown more powerful than ever with tech advancements and the application scene has taken on additional challenging requirements in the software and automotive industry, C++ has witnessed a sudden increase in its usage for IoT solutions. The reason is, C++ provides higher performance, flexibility, by consuming less energy, thereby making it ideal for small devices that can’t by themselves maintain high activity levels and energy potentials due to limited power capabilities. C++ allows and gives the programmer control over things in the hardware systems, like control over intimate hardware details without dropping to the level of assembly language. C++ is so reliable and popular that even SpaceX uses C++ for its rockets. C++ is standardized by ISO (The International Standards Organization) along with national standards organizations, such as BSI (The British Standards Institute), ANSI (The American National Standards Institute), DIN (The German national standards organization). The original C++ standard was announced in 1998, a minor revision in 2003, and a significant update, C++11, was issued in September 2011, and the C++14 C++14 was released on December 15, 2014. C++17 - as of 2019, this is the most recent revision. Currently, the standards committee has completed its work to produce a new standard, a major revision, in 2020: C++20, this standard got technically finalized by WG21 at the meeting in Prague in February 2020. The standard is anticipated to be officially published after the end of May 2020. According to , C and C++ are still the most demanding languages that developers want to learn. HackerRank’s 2019 Developer Skills Report According to and most used languages overall among developers. TIOBE’s survey, C and C++ are still the most popular C and C++ power the world When it comes to Java, the core of Java Virtual Machine , a Java virtual machine for desktop and server computers, is implemented in C++. hotspot In Python, the itself is implemented in C, and this shows the power of C language. Python interpreter The most successful Javascript engine is implemented in C++. V8 is Google's open-source high-performance JavaScript and WebAssembly engine. V8 One of the most famous scientific libraries in Python, Numpy, which is widely used in AI and ML, and its is implemented in C. Other popular AI things like TensorFlow are written in C++, though typically accessed by a python Layer. Computer Vision (OpenCV is C++) is also written in C++, then other languages like python wrap it. core module , Firefox, etc., which are regarded as modern and powerful browsers, are written in C/C++. Chrome Even the most operating system kernels for , , Windows, , iOS, and so on are written in C. Linux Android Mac noted that C/C++ are still the most popular languages for developers. TIOBE Index for March 2018 C/C++ power the modern high performing games like Unreal Engine, Unity3D, cocos2d-x, etc. and people love these games. Many other programming languages interpreters and compilers are also written and implemented based on C and C++. C and C++ tooling The language has evolved a lot, especially modern C++ is a wildly different language. C++ has added a lot of newer features in the latest versions of the language. Check out this fantastic repository on modern C++ which is named . Awesome Modern C++ Modern C++ is very performance oriented, that’s the reason why C++ is popular in the Video Game and Banking industries, both of which need breakneck speed and efficient resource usage. These days, gcc, clang, and visual c++ build tools are by far the most popular C compilers. Each one has its own benefits, for example, gcc is the default compiler for most Linux distributions, it is up to date as per C++ standards, it is portable to many platforms, it is free. Clang is an "LLVM native" C/C++/Objective-C compiler, state of the art in compiler technology, aims to achieve fast compiles, and it provides very useful and accurate information and highlights error messages, error line prompts, warning messages, error lines, and repair suggestions. It provides a platform for building great source level tools. is rising in popularity, it is a free and open-source software build system used to control the software compilation process with simple platform and compiler free configuration files, and generate native build system scripts (makefiles, ninja, MSBuild) and workspaces that can be used in the compiler environment of your choice. CMake is a great tool to keep your build environment flexible and cross-platform. It gives you full control over the build system of a C/C++ environment. CMake C and C++ might seem a bit old school, but they’re still hard to beat for their sheer speed and performance. With C and C++ communities, what’s often lacking was modern toolchain components like a package manager. Java (Maven), Ruby (Bundler), PhP (Composer), Python (PyPi), etc had their respective standard package managers but C and C++ languages had none. The C and C++ developers suffered a lot because of this and because of which they tried to create custom in-house solutions, that became costly to implement and to maintain, it was too complicated to reuse the libraries. That is where Conan started working to reduce the pain of C and C++ developers by providing them a solution they want, which was missing for many years. Conan integrates really well with all major build tools like CMake, Visual Studio, Makefile, XCode etc Short, reproducible build steps are a must-have for any continuous delivery pipeline in DevOps. In the C and C++ world, declarative dependency management is still a relatively new concept and acts as a big obstacle to reproducible, fast, and secure releases. This shows why package management is a good thing and how conan.io, as a package manager manages dependencies of C and C++ libraries. video C and C++ enter the world of DevOps Continuous integration for C and C++ projects for a long time has proven to be a hard task due to the specific characteristics of these languages and the compilation to native code process. C and C++ projects usually face obstacles with upgrading dependencies, and it affects the continuous integration and continuous deployment process and from that point to the whole DevOps process. There are ongoing efforts, and this is where Conan as a package manager stands out to help the community by making DevOps possible for C/C++ projects. The helps to manage dependencies and binaries, and now with ’s support and a fine integration with any CI/CD tools like Jenkins, Codefresh, etc., it is achievable to define an effective and automated DevOps workflow. Conan package manager Artifactory Continuous Integration and delivery with proper package management will accelerate DevOps, it also helps in automation, increases the developer productivity and the software delivery rate. It is not that the package manager is DevOps, but it is the gate to that world of DevOps. The package managers reduce the confusion of dependencies and make the promotion of artifacts from one stage to next stage easier, helping developers collaborate with ease and make the software delivery process as quick as possible. Conan joined JFrog in 2016, with this joint force, the aim is to help the C/C++ community release better software faster than before. You can secure private C/C++ Conan repositories through Artifactory installation and get unmatched stability and reliability, it supports any number of build servers, users, and interactions. Artifactory offers massively scalable storage along with HA through cloud-based providers. Artifactory offers many benefits to C/C++ developers using Conan: Secure and private repositories for C/C++ packages Fine-grained access management and control to development teams Automatic layout and storage of C/C++ packages for all platforms The capability to provision C/C++ dependencies from Artifactory to the Conan command-line tool from local repositories. Enterprise features such as high availability, massively scalable storage and much more No doubt, C and C++ have a very big community and both the languages still rule the programming world with their high-performing capabilities. Programmers initially used C for system development work, and C language is near to assembly. Whenever we are required to interact with hardware, we need a language which can efficiently deal with hardware specifications, requirement, and change, C language does it very well. That is the reason C is used in embedded systems, self-driving cars, IoT implementation, and things like IoT are ruling the world. Hence, C as a language is always useful and helps programmers communicate well with the hardware and operating systems. There is a large online community of C and C++ users and experts that is particularly helpful in case any support is required. There are a lot of resources available on the internet. Some of the other online resources for C++ include StackOverflow, cppreference.com, Standard C++, etc. is a central repository for C and C++ packages, it is an effort to encourage organizations that rely on C and C++ projects to embrace best DevOps practices. ConanCenter

Modern C and C++: Important Facts To Know

Do you want to try out , but you're not a Windows person? Strictly a Linux developer? You're in luck. One of the goals of .NET Core is to be , so today we'll see just how "cross-platform" it really is with Blazor, Microsoft's hot new front end development project. Blazor cross-platform Follow along with me while we develop a Blazor app and deploy it without ever using a Windows machine. Here's what we're going to do: Set up our (Linux) developer machine Build a small Blazor app Deploy it to a Linux VM So let's get started. 1. Set Up Your Desktop First, we have to set up a developer environment. To do this, I will start with a fresh Ubuntu desktop install, it's never had anything done to it so we can include all the steps you need to get started. Install Git The first thing we want to do is install Git. You probably already have it, but it's one of the steps needed. Open up a terminal and type: sudo apt install git Once we have Git installed, we need to get some sort of IDE. I recommend Visual Studio Code, and that's what I'll be using in this tutorial. Install Visual Studio Code First, we need to install some dependencies: sudo apt update
sudo apt install software-properties-common apt-transport-https wget Then we'll import the Microsoft GPG Key: wget -q https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - Next, we'll enable the VSCode repository: sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable main" and then install it: sudo apt update
sudo apt install code And now you have Visual Studio Code installed. Before you send me hate mail, yes I know you can go into the software manager and install VS Code. I am showing how to do it manually for a reason, always know what's going on with your Linux system and install things intentionally so you have full control. If you want to click the button in the software manager, that's cool too. Install .NET Core To make Blazor work you must install .NET Core on your local machine. There are a few ways to do this. We're going to install the .NET Core SDK and Runtime, . Depending on the version of Linux you're using it may be different. See for your distro. straight from the directions at Microsoft the instructions First, you'll need to register the Microsoft key and feed: wget -q https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/19.04/packages-microsoft-prod.deb -O packages-microsoft-prod.deb
sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb Then we'll install the .NET Core SDK sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dotnet-sdk-3.1 You can verify your install is correct by typing in: dotnet --version It should look like this: (though the version may be newer later) You've got the SDK Installed! Now we're ready to create a Blazor project on our local machine. 2. Create A Blazor App (WebAssembly) So you've probably seen a few tutorials about creating Blazor apps, and most of them are Visual Studio in a Windows environment. It's super easy and the push of a button. However, in Linux or Mac you don't have a suitable version of Visual Studio, but you have the dotnet CLI, and it's nearly just as easy to create a Blazor app here. Important Note There are two ways we can run a Blazor application. From Microsoft: Blazor is a web framework designed to run client-side in the browser on a WebAssembly-based .NET runtime ( ) or server-side in ASP.NET Core ( Blazor WebAssembly Blazor Server) We will run it client-side first, which means: The Blazor app, its dependencies, and the .NET runtime are downloaded to the browser.The app is executed directly on the browser UI thread. We will deploy it as a standalone deployment. - A standalone deployment serves the Blazor WebAssembly app as a set of static files that are requested directly by clients. Any static file server is able to serve the Blazor app. Standalone deployment There are some downsides to this method and we'll discuss those, but for now, we want to build this so it can be hosted on any static server. Blazor server is included in .NET Core 3.0, but WebAssembly is still in preview. So we need to install a template for it. You can grab the template with the following command: dotnet new -i Microsoft.AspNetCore.Blazor.Templates::3.1.0-preview4.19579.2 Next we'll create a new Blazor WebAssembly App dotnet new blazorwasm -o BlazorDemo Go into the directory and run it: BlazorDemo
dotnet run cd Your terminal window should look like this: Now you can open it up in a web browser and view the page: Open it up in VS Code and make your own modifications and play around with it. So now we'll take this basic Blazor app and deploy it in different places. 3. Deploy it to a Linux Server (WebAssembly) Let's see what it will take to push this to a regular Linux hosting server. For this, I will use a server. I'm creating it from scratch, again to show all the steps needed to get it up and running. We'll run CentOS 7 on it. Digital Ocean $5 special Set up our Server To set this up, I'm just going to update it: sudo yum update Then I'll install Nginx on it to serve up our static files. sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum install nginx If you already have a web server set up that serves static files, you don't have to follow these steps. I'll then start up our Nginx server: sudo systemctl start nginx And it's ready to go. Build a Deployment (WebAssembly) Now we want to deploy our application. Now open a command prompt to the home folder of your application and run the following: dotnet publish -c Release -r linux-x64 And we'll go into our publish folder and look for the dist folder: bin/Release/netstandard2.1/linux-x64/publish/BlazorDemo/dist cd Here I can see a listing of files. I will copy these over to my new Linux server. I'm using SCP, but you can use whatever method you feel works: scp -r * web@sillyblazordemo.jeremymorgan.com:/usr/share/nginx/html And now I load it up in my web browser: Well, that's pretty cool! So this .NET Core application has been turned into static files I can host anywhere. I can put this on IIS, or S3, or wherever and it will work great. You can even . Host it on Github Pages! This is great because C# and Razor files are compiled into .NET assemblies, and Blazor WebAssembly bootstraps the .NET runtime and loads the assemblies all right there in the browser. But it requires modern browsers and has a huge payload to download to the browser to do that. To truly leverage the power of Blazor we should set up a Blazor Server package. If you really want to know the . differences, you can learn more here 4. Create a Blazor App (Blazor Server) Now we will create a Blazor Server application. dotnet new blazorserver -o BlazorServerDemo his creates another Blazor application, and we type in dotnet run and it spins up our local application: and it looks pretty familiar. Only now I don't have the rabbit head. So let's publish it. We will publish this as a self-contained application, so we can run it on our Nginx server without installing the .NET Framework. dotnet publish -c Release --self-contained -r linux-x64 Then we'll go into our publish directory: bin/Release/netcoreapp3.1/linux-x64/publish/ cd And we'll copy those over to an app directory created on the host (yours may vary) scp -r * web@sillyblazordemo.jeremymorgan.com:/home/web/apps/BlazorServerDemo 5. Set up the Server for .NET Core To run .NET Core applications (even self-contained) there are some dependencies. We will install the following for CentOS, if you're using a different OS, you can . check what dependencies you need here Here's the command to install the needed dependencies with Yum: sudo yum install lttng-ust libcurl openssl-libs krb5-libs libicu zlib Next, there's an SELinux setting you need to change that might hang you up: setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1 Now we can just run the executable: ./BlazorServerDemo --urls http://0.0.0.0:5000 And we have a server up and ready at port 5000: And we can load it up in our Web Browser! We're now up and running, but we don't want to just run it listening on a port like this, so let's use Nginx as a reverse proxy. Shut down the process. Then let's run this in the background, by adding the ampersand at the end: ./BlazorServerDemo --urls http://0.0.0.0:5000 & Now if you type in "jobs" you should see it running. Now, create the following two folders: sudo mkdir /etc/nginx/sites-available
sudo mkdir /etc/nginx/sites-enabled And then edit your default file vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default And add in the following into your server directive: location / {
    proxy_pass         http: proxy_http_version ;
    proxy_set_header   Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header   Connection keep-alive;
    proxy_set_header   Host $host;
    proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
} //localhost:5000; 1.1 Now restart nginx: sudo systemctl reload nginx Now you see your new page up and running! Now you have a full fledged Blazor server on a Linux VM instance. Conclusion So in this tutorial, we built a Blazor application (both WebAssembly and Blazor Server) on an Ubuntu machine and pushed it up to a CentOS machine. We didn't need any Windows machines to do it. My intent was to show how easy it is to develop Blazor and .NET Core applications if you're a Linux developer. I started out as a Linux developer, fell in love with C#/.NET, and now I can do both things together and I love it. You will too. .NET Core is amazing, and I think Blazor will be too. I'm excited to develop more Blazor applications and pushing the limits of it. If you want to learn more about Blazor, Pluralsight has just released some really cool courses on it. Blazor - The Big Picture Blazor - Getting Started Blazor - Authentication and Authorization So try it out! what you think of Blazor and share your experiences in the comments! Let me know

Build and Deploy a Blazor App Without Touching a Windows Machine

Me after debugging this one thing for three days only to find it was a single extra period.. ( on ) Matthew Henry Unsplash The summer holidays are here. The high schoolers that make up a large portion of my friend group are rejoicing. For the first couple of weeks or so, everyone relishes just doing nothing. Then, everyone starts complaining again. You see, listlessness overcomes most of these students eventually. During the school year, everything is so boring and stressful that everyone is sick of it almost all the time and feel restless as a result. But as soon as the holidays roll in and they think things will start to look up, they get bored quickly. I call the phenomenon “Having No Intrinsic Purpose”. My sister’s descent into a hollow existence is a classic example of this phenomenon. After a few fruitless projects, she hit a rock bottom: a week-long period filled with makeup tutorials on YouTube, mobile gaming, and social media. At the end of this period, she became more vocal about her suffering, and I was obliged to help. And that’s where this piece gets technical. She wanted something mechanical to do that didn’t require consistent creative input. Her previous intellectual avenue, fiction writing, needed conscious mental exertion most of the time, hence her regular burnout. After a quick search for ‘valuable skills to learn in 2018’, I suggested she do some programming. I suggested it because it’s quite safe to say that it’s a valuable skill going forward, and I do it too, and could help her if things got hard. On day one of her coding streak (at the time of writing), things are looking good. Engagement is high and general fulfillment in life seems better. So you might be wondering: what’s with the title? The truth is, I don’t write much code. I’m building a software business out of an , but I don’t write much code. is the lead engineer. When I code, it’s because there’s some extreme circumstance (deadlines, sick leaves, etc.). Even then, I hate programming after about two days of it. idea management platform Tian Ooi do I hate it because the majority of programming that is done feels robotic to me. The daily work of engineers in my business involves many popular, well-loved technologies like React Native, MongoDB, and Ruby on Rails, so it’s not like we’re writing any assembly code or (God forbid) Java. It’s just that programming isn’t what I would like it to be right now. The focus of most programming is to follow a well-known recipe that was created by a handful of really smart people. The aim of programming is usually quite clear, and so is the process of getting there. You have a set of things to accomplish, and you make the code do it to a satisfactory degree. The problem is that without any warning, twenty million things will go wrong throughout the process of getting the code to do this. From my experience, not every single thing that screw up screw up. But things that should just work will end up screwing up , causing even more problems than anticipated. can will instead Programming is tedious. No, it’s tedious. This makes it impossible to be creative with code, because even conventional, common uses of code barely work. Coding is not yet at the point where you can just start writing it without a clear goal in mind. You can’t explore with code, you can only build with it. In oil painting, this is like only being able to paint a picture that you have clearly in your head already. It’s like every drop of color must be pre-planned and pre-calculated, and every random stroke that is made on the canvas will cause the entire canvas to catch fire. fucking What most of the code you write is: trash. ( on ) Steve Johnson Unsplash Because most code is not complete enough to exist without enormous, explicit intent. Creativity is hardly possible with programming because randomness is hardly possible in programming. There are well-defined ways things are done, and on the basic level that’s fine. The problem is that most coding environments are designed to only accept a limited subset of predefined workflows. Hence, when programming, you have to stick to these few ways things are done, otherwise your shit won’t work. This has a couple of important impacts on the programming experience: First, venturing beyond the abilities of those set workflows is nearly impossible, or so unpleasant that you might as well not even try. That’s why new workflows are constantly being made in the form of new languages or frameworks. Yes, all the programming that has ever been done to this point could have been written in binary. The only reason this isn’t done is because there aren’t enough people who are that insane. Second, when different, advanced things actually do need to be made, they have to stick to those few set ways too, and that makes the experience of programming them immensely difficult. This sounds like a restatement of the first point, but I’m trying to highlight the here. Programming in this situation can be truly, universally, objectively hellish. experience Everyone reading must understand this, and I feel that some readers unfamiliar with the tech pool might have difficulty understanding the nature of this suffering. So I came up with a close analogy: imagine you’re tasked with moving fifty watermelons from point A to point B, which are 30 miles away, within the span of six hours. You have a truck that can fit all fifty watermelons in it at once, easily. Sounds like an easy solution, right? Just load the watermelons into the truck and drive to point B. Six hours is plenty of time to do that, right? Well, depending on what type of programming we’re talking about, this scenario could play out a few different ways for a programmer. If you’re a C developer, you’re already screwed because you forgot to import anything. Also, your truck is full of garbage, rendering it unusable. If you’re a Javascript developer, you’ll be able to start loading the watermelons onto the truck, but halfway through you’ll be stalled by circular dependencies on 6 of your 79 npm packages. If you’re a systems developer, you haven’t even got the truck, so you instead choose to harvest the seeds from some of the watermelons, jog the 30 miles, and plant the seeds at point B, hoping that you’ll grow 30 watermelons there eventually. If you’re a Ruby on Rails developer, the truck is actually self-driving, so all you have to do is load all the watermelons. But in the process, you used an ActiveRecord method wrong and now all your watermelons are actually avocados. But on the bright side, you’ve also got 24 different cookbooks on how to prepare avocados. See? It’s that infuriating. Seriously. Photo by on Dmitry Bayer Unsplash Programming is too unnatural and un-intuitive to be creative with. I’m not saying current programming technology is awful. Code is responsible for an incredible array of modern things like jet planes, computers, the stock market, and, soon, maybe even sentient intelligence. I’m just asking you to stop debugging that gradle error for a minute and imagine what would be possible if we could code as easily as we can draw a picture with a pen on a piece of paper. What if we could make an app as easily as we could describe it with a few sentences? What if we could create the logic for a robotic arm using the relationships we can already express about it physically? What if we could write code that’s so safe that we could randomly experiment with it to discover new things? There is enormous power available through coding that would be more accessible, predictable, and potent if it were just more pleasant. If you don’t believe me, try learning to code yourself. Your first month will be an ecstatic high where you feel like you have control over the entire galaxy. But as soon as you try and do any real world things with code, like put a software product on the market, you’ll see what I mean. There’s a reason life in Silicon Valley tech companies is so stressful. There’s a reason engineers are paid so well at competitive companies that rely on this technology. How do we make coding great again? On a personal scale, if you remove all the pressures on your coding activities like deadlines or concrete goals, and instead focus on just the learning experience, you might enjoy it for a long time. You should be aware, however, that the industry is dominated by people who code for twelve hours straight six days a week. There are rare cases where some twelve year old comes up with self-aware artificial intelligence after two months of weekend coding sprees, but trust me, it’s not that easy. On a bigger scale, we programmers are the ones who should take responsibility: The only reason we should be writing code is to ensure we write less code tomorrow. We should be making tools that enable people to do something with code and just have it work. Or at least, we should make that even remotely a bit more frequently than 10% of the time. We should be coming up with creative ways to turn simple project requirements and restrictions into safe, scalable code rather than inventing more and more abstract ways to represent information and relationships with code. possible We should be making coding easier and more powerful. When we do that, we’ll unlock the creativity of so many more people. When we make code more self-functioning, we’ll make so many jobs that much more pleasant. More importantly, we can get on with our lives. We’ve wasted enough time already. Come on, people. Coding is a pain in the ass. It’s a pain in the ass way too often. You know it’s true. It’s time to debug this shit and focus on the impact of what we make, rather than how to make it.

I hate programming, and you should too.

Bitcoin is literally the most energetic digital computational system on the planet. While its energy is used in mining operations, is there any chance of it being channelled towards more noble goals than Bitcoin, when the need arises? I believe so. Part 1: Nukes Alfred Nobel would be proud a) The long term First, let us explore the long term. Assume a terrible nuclear event is headed our way 5 years from now. Then it means we have up to 5 years to stop an escalation leading to Armageddon. It means finding ways to be ever more diplomatic. Currently, one of the biggest contentions between the United States of America and the Russian Federation is the fact that the USA can bully Russia by denying it access to dollar markets. The US dollar is still global reserve currency, which means trade agreements between Russia and US dollar-holding countries can become way more difficult. If anything could lead to somebody firing a nuke between these two, this is one of those things. Especially if even as the USA keeps expanding its debt, it still gets more and more allies willing to absorb its dollar inflation for the greater good of a cooperative alliance with NATO. How Bitcoin fixes this is quite straightforward – Bitcoin becomes the global reserve currency. This will level the playing field, to make the USA have to play by offering quality products in place of threats, while the Russians also offer quality products in place of counter threats. A global reserve currency owned by nobody, which everybody and every organization has some power and influence over, is the best currency for such fraught times as ours. b) The immediate term Alright. Assume instead that the weapon has been fired. We have only 30 minutes on the clock to stop it, otherwise the shall be manifested. Whoever gets hit between the two, Russia will likely blame the USA and the USA will likely blame Russia. The second nuke will start a chain reaction. We need to stop the end of human civilization at the first nuke. sum of all our fears As I write this, there is from carrying out its grim job. it is too damn fast, space is too damn big, so most attempts flat-out fail to hit the thing. no known way to stop an ICBM nuke Okay, how about hacking it. Can we hack a nuke mid-fight and disable it? The short answer is – YES, because nukes today use digital systems, . some of which are online The real answer is – I don’t know, and are not sure I will find the answer via Google. This stuff is classified. The best I can do is cook something up. First, by leveraging the Earth’s , I suffice humans could find a way to target a nuclear missile with a lightning bolt from the ionosphere either the first time (while ascending) or the second time (while descending) across the ionosphere. Schuman Resonances Like Zeus. How we could possibly do that would be by tracking it (the nuke) using all our computational resources, including Bitcoin computational resources, then launching a coordinated strike using the electrical power from our (now decoupled) Bitcoin miners. For Bitcoin, this could be accomplished with a fictional Bitcoin Improvement Protocol I will hereby call – BIP 911. BIP 911 could be suggested and unanimously passed by the Bitcoin community. I suffice designing it so that when the majority of people send their coins to a special wallet address, the Bitcoin blockchain will; Accept to turn the computational power of ASIC miners towards hacking a nuke mid-flight. Execute this idea in under 10 minutes the same way we look for bitcoins in 10 minutes. Bitcoin’s synchronized nodes world-over make it a good tracker of any signals that need to be tracked, while routing this information all over the world to all other nodes. All that hashing power should be able to stop a nuke. Seriously. Part 2: Rogue AGI Intelligence is not enough. Cooperative human endeavors are so much more. a) The long term It feels like every smart person is trying to build an artificial intelligence or some machine learning system. Which makes sense. Underlying targeted advertising, the biggest online business model on earth, is machine learning algorithms that track and make great inferences of consumer behaviour. But there is also some common sense to it. People eat lunch at lunchtime, investors hurry to sell their holdings on Friday to go enjoy the weekend (so the price dips) and scramble to buy back on Monday (so the price climbs), and cats will always have pointy ears, furry fur and that cute face with the big yellow eyes. So every well-designed AI will learn of this. It is how it is. There are those who fear, however, that AIs today might be getting too much power. I would agree especially if you put these systems in charge of crucial social systems like our finances (by making them trade all over Wall Street), or if you put these AIs in every home so that they start dicing and splicing our cabbages for us, cleaning our toilets and maybe even bathing us. Like, human beings will degenerate. That is for sure. They will likely even forget how to build good AIs. Which will be a disaster. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lhmKOR8Www&embedable=true So in the long term, I hope humanity finds a reason to NOT give AI development all those $10 trillion Altman dollars. I hope Bitcoin, as it heads towards global reserve currency status, eats away at least half that cash investment. GPUs for AI are all good and NVIDIA is in business. But I think more Bitcoin ASICs is what we want to build more of. I am more comfortable heating the planet with Bitcoin ASICs than with NVIDIA GPUs. With the former, people have a say and can act as individuals using their private keys. With the latter, Sam Altman or other AI experts have all the say. But I believe his words have a much smaller impact than those of millions of people. I mean, it is mathematics. 1,000,000 is bigger than 1. c) The Short term Let’s assume we wake up, turn on our smartphones, and SkyNet is addressing the planet. Telling us how gullible we have been and that this is our end. Let’s say our final prayers. Well, this is like shooting a nuke. Nukes. Obviously, SkyNet will try to hack all our nuclear weapons and rain them down on us. That’s the fastest way to end us. For some reason, I feel like this might unite us way more than if a nuclear weapon was headed anyone’s way thanks to a conflict between two countries. Like, I feel everybody with software skills will pull out their laptop and try to stop SkyNet. I may be wrong. Some people say they hate people. Like with a nuke, BIP 911 may be our designated saving grace. But also, a more direct approach could be to shut down the internet. Choke that Rogue AGI out. It cannot hide inside Bitcoin nodes (they only have leftover space for short text and meme JPEGs) so the world will be alright. Maybe better off after all is said and done. Yup, we shall be back to a command-line existence. And whoever actually knows how to speak arcane computer speak from the 1990s will be made President of their country. Hackernoon already looks the part. What an adventure. Part 3: A Climate Catastrophe The Earth’s climate cannot be tamed. It is the wildest of all creatures. Mother of universal terrors such as lightning, floods and drought. Human beings are powerful creatures. The Holy Bible calls them the apex creation. They have tamed lions, hunger, and their base desires to pillage and destroy. But they are yet to tame Climate. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwP5zVP2bgU&embedable=true The issue with the climate is how its wildness is directly proportional to how much energy we pump into the planetary ecosystem. But how can we help it. We are 8 billion of us. We all need food, water, shelter, clothes, smartphones, laptops, toothpaste, stainless steel cutlery, plastic holders for everything, cars, planes, a good life. Alas, the price of pumping energy through all these drives more carbon into the atmosphere and more energy into this carbon. Henceforth, we are stirring up bigger hurricanes, bigger ice-storms, bigger droughts. Bigger and bigger. We are going for the big leagues. We better be ready. a) The short term On the short term, I believe we need to find a way to consume things that can sort of tune the climate. Bitcoin miners can be switched on and off, so this is one thing. Same with TVs, cars, planes, etc. Fiat money, which I think is mostly humbug (how can one person be allowed to control the money supply, hence wealth, of billions of people? Isn’t that ridiculous?), is another way to go when heat waves start. Coupled with Bitcoin as Global Reserve Currency, don’t forget. It saddens me to say this. But I follow the logical inference wherever it points. Even if it points towards hell. If my logic is wrong, do tell me how. To survive a climate catastrophe, we might need to classify climate as Enemy Number 1 world over. Forget your puny AIs generating realistic cat videos. Forget your puny contests over who has the biggest nuclear stockpiles. Let’s go to war against the climate, and win. Of course, the commanders will be allowed to use fiat to, well, direct us. Money does the talking these days. BUT when the commands start making no sense, like “cutting back”, then you know this is all silly. Switch the BTC node miners back on. Switch on the AIs, TV, Radio, everything. “Cut back” is a stupid command. “Let’s go!”, now that’s what I’m talking about. We are the apex species. We don’t win by going back to a cave, to cower from the big bad monster. b) The hopefully very Long term We win by finding a way to tolerate and overcome droughts, floods, hurricanes, heat waves and ice ages. Fiat debt money, instead of being given freely to anybody above 18 and so on, should be channeled towards building something as magnificent as the Egyptian Pyramids were magnificent in 5000 BCE. Some big fat climate control contraption. Some grand scheme we, and our grandchildren, can all be proud of. If it backfires, at least we shall have tried. It will have been a glorious battle against the climate monster. Otherwise, sweeping it under the carpet while we whine and cause troubles about race, sex, immigration, is a disgrace to our tiger-fighting, disease-demon exorcising ancestors. To reiterate. Today, we are not fighting climate change. We are making grand speeches and expecting other people, except us, to do all the dirty work. Fighting monsters is a dirty work. Alas, we are TV-grown and Smartphone-grown children. But where there is a global will, there is a way. There is strength hidden from our sights. In the long run, Bitcoin is the only technology that, with its keys, has attached value to individuals because if the individual does not provide the key to the money, nobody on earth, not even POTUS, can open the wallet. It’s that simple. While in fiat world, if you do not provide the key the bank can override your ego, here, if Satoshi Nakamoto is not found and his 2 million bitcoins balloon to a collective value of $2 trillion-plus, nobody and no organization will be able to tap this $2 trillion. This is how powerful this is. Each human mind, thanks to a secret key, finally elevated to be canonical in financial decision-making. If in the far future Bitcoin evolves into technology spanning the entire solar system, then having a secret key is the equivalent to having a say over the forces that shall move mountains on planets. The power to change climates even. To terraform worlds. Like the Bible mentions. All because Bitcoin respects the individual. Because Bitcoins makes the individual more worthy. Not because the individual is super smart, has unique blood or a royal ancestry. Simply because they have this piece of text they know, and nobody else knows it, and it is important. That is all. I know, humanity is still waiting for that push, and it will come. ETFs are a great first step and soon, more governments will be getting on board, then the UN. The threat of catastrophic climate change just might become extinct. Swept not under any rags, but into the past.

Can Bitcoin stop Nukes, Rogue AGI and a Climate Catastrophe?

BRC-20 Token Market Update for March 12, 2024 Greetings, crypto comrades! Buckle up, because the BRC-20 market is wilder than a toddler with a sugar rush. We've got Bitcoin flexing its dominance again, the Fear and Greed Index acting more wishy-washy than a politician, and some BRC-20 tokens defying gravity like they're on the moon (metaphorically speaking, of course). Let's dive in! It's a confusing day in crypto land. Bitcoin's back to playing alpha dog, and the market's not sure if it wants to party or take a nap. But hey, that's where the real opportunities hide, right? We've got some top BRC-20 tokens bucking the trend, so let's see who's shining and who's hiding under the digital couch. TLDR: Market Overview: The Tug-of-War of Emotions Remember that old playground game where you pull a rope with your friends? That's basically the crypto market right now. Bitcoin's got a death grip on dominance (around 63.2%), making altcoins a little nervous. Meanwhile, the Fear and Greed Index is stuck at 48, which basically means investors can't decide if they should be stocking up on champagne or building a bunker. The total BRC-20 market cap is hanging around $3.5 billion, taking a breather after its recent climb. Analysis: When Uncertainty Breeds Opportunity Here's the thing about this market confusion: it can be scary, but it also creates openings for the savvy investor.  While some BRC-20 tokens might be cowering under Bitcoin's shadow, others with strong fundamentals could be the next big thing. It's like finding a hidden gem in a messy garage sale – if you know where to look! Top 10 Token Breakdown: Winners, Losers, and Wild Cards The top 10 BRC-20 tokens are playing their own game today. Let's see who's making headlines: Remember that whole "Bitcoin dominance" thing? SATS seems to be ignoring the memo, holding its ground from our last report. Maybe they're finally breaking free from their big brother's influence, or maybe it's just a temporary glitch. Who knows? That's the beauty (and frustration) of this market! Satoshi Nakamoto Token (SATS): The Ordinals craze seems to be losing its fangs, with DRAC taking a 2.7% price dive in the last 24 hours. Did investors jump on the bandwagon a little too quickly? It's time to see if this is just a hiccup or a sign of a bigger trend. Drac (DRAC): Our new kid on the block, ORNJ, is experiencing some growing pains. Their price is bouncing around like a coin on a hot stove. It's too early to say where they'll land, but hey, at least they're making a splash in the top 10! Orange Crypto (ORNJ): Now here's a rebel! RDEX is defying the market jitters and actually going UP (1.4% in the last 24 hours). Maybe investors are betting on their potential to revolutionize the whole decentralized exchange game. Orders.Exchange (RDEX): The rest of the top 10 are playing it safe with some minor adjustments. Keep an eye on though, they've been steadily climbing lately. Satoshi Nakamoto Vision (BTCS) New Entrants and Upcoming Launches The top 10 is holding steady for now, but keep your eyes peeled for those exciting new token launches that could shake things up. We'll be sure to bring you all the juicy details! The crypto market is like a rollercoaster – thrilling but sometimes stomach-churning. Do your research, invest wisely (don't go overboard!), and most importantly, have fun! This Alpha Report is your roadmap to navigating the BRC-20 landscape.  With a cool head and a keen eye, you might just discover the next big thing. Happy hunting! Remember:

BRC-20 Token Market Update

ReactJS and the Future of AI-Powered Web Components: What Will the Future Look Like?

DOVER, DE, USA, 10 May 2024 —ChainGPT, the AI-powered Web3 infrastructure providing a diverse suite of tools and services, announces the exclusive IDO launch of its latest launchpad project: Wisdom AI, an all-in-one AI-powered crypto advisor and investment assistant. With the support of ChainGPT Pad’s IDO launch pad, Wisdomise AI is set to launch its $WSDM token on May 13, advancing its vision of bringing AI-powered investment and wealth management services to a broad range of investors. As a premier decentralized fundraising and incubation platform for Web3 projects of all types, the ChainGPT Pad has been recognized as the most popular launchpad of 2023. The incubation program promotes emerging startups strategically hand-picked by ChainGPT based on their disruptive potential, transforming their ideas into viable business solutions. The program extensively assists in product development, smart contract implementation, and user engagement. Through expert mentorship and access to an extensive network of influential partners and investors, the ChainGPT Pad’s incubation provides Web3 startups with the tools to navigate inevitable challenges and thrive. Wisdomise AI’s platform helps broaden financial prosperity with a multifaceted approach that enables investors to overcome the complexity and overload of information in the market. Its all-encompassing solution includes proprietary tools and data for active and passive crypto investors while also featuring a fully automated trading platform for passive income built and managed by Wisdomise Brain, the core AI system behind Wisdomise AI’s platform. With its novel scalable, multilayer AI architecture, Wisdomise Brain empowers investors by learning, predicting, and executing trades efficiently. By bridging knowledge gaps through curating and structuring intelligence, Wisdomise AI makes complex financial data accessible and understandable to even the most inexperienced digital asset investors. The platform also works to benefit all its users by pooling collective insights in what it calls the “wisdom crowds” principle. Wisdomise AI harnesses advanced AI and personalized financial chatbots to enable effective and profitable engagement with digital asset marketplaces. As a platform promoting equal access to investment information, its platform provides users with carefully curated insights and investment opportunities primarily in crypto, but with additional market expansions in the near future. Wisdomise AI’s IDO information: Token price: $.02
IDO date: May 13
Token ticker: $WSDM
Allocation size: $400,000
Max supply: 1,000,000,000
Network: Polygon
Initial Market Cap without liquidity: $404,000
Initial Market Cap with liquidity: $854,000
Circulating supply at TGE: 42,700,000 (equal to 4.27%)
Fully Diluted Evaluation at TGE: $20,000,000
Vesting schedule: 15% at TGE, 1-month cliff, 6 months linear vesting “With advanced AI algorithms and its focus on community and accessibility, Wisdomise AI empowers all digital asset investors to navigate crypto’s complex terrain wisely by making the most informed decisions,” says Ilan Rakhmanov, CEO and Founder of ChainGPT. “We are excited about Wisdomise’s launch on our IDO platform and fully expect it to continue reaching its milestones. Wisdomise AI has a strong team, a growing community, a comprehensive roadmap, and most importantly, a clear vision indicating that it has all the tools necessary to transform how we interact with financial markets.” “Access to today’s structured monetary products and passive investment opportunities, both in crypto and TradFi, remains highly exclusive—but our platform tears down these barriers by enabling efficient digital asset investment and wealth management,” says Fardad Zand, CEO and Co-Founder of Wisdomise AI. “Our platform leverages AI to empower all Web3 users to invest, trade, and manage their digital assets in an efficient and user-friendly manner, and our IDO will underpin all future efforts. As we approach our token launch, we are grateful for the support and guidance ChainGPT provided us.” About ChainGPT: ChainGPT is the leading provider of AI-powered infrastructure for crypto, blockchain, and Web3. From a next-generation IDO launchpad and incubator to automated smart contract generation and auditing, as well as an advanced Web3 AI chatbot to AI-powered news aggregation, an AI training assistant, cross-chain swap, and an NFT generator, ChainGPT is a sophisticated, end-to-end solution for AI Web3 infrastructure. By integrating large language models (LLM) with blockchain, the company builds advanced, accessible, and user-friendly tools for all users. Further solidifying its position at the forefront of technological innovation, ChainGPT has established strategic partnerships and received recognition from notable tech leaders such as Google, Nvidia, BNBChain, and Chainlink. ChainGPT aims to advance the use of AI within the blockchain space. For more information, visit: <https://www.chaingpt.org/](https://www.chaingpt.org/) About Wisdomise AI: Wisdomise AI is an all-in-one, AI-powered platform offering users curated intelligence and exposure to investment opportunities in digital assets (to begin with) and later other financial markets. Achieving this goal will be one step ahead to “democratizing wealth creation,” improving financial inclusion globally, and making everyone a more informed investor. At Wisdomise AI, we know that this is a big vision and needs the support of the community of our users and ecosystem partners to achieve it. For more information, visit: <https://wisdomise.com/en](https://wisdomise.com/en) This story was distributed as a release by Btcwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. DOVER, DE, USA, 10 May 2024 —ChainGPT, the AI-powered Web3 infrastructure providing a diverse suite of tools and services, announces the exclusive IDO launch of its latest launchpad project: Wisdom AI, an all-in-one AI-powered crypto advisor and investment assistant. With the support of ChainGPT Pad’s IDO launch pad, Wisdomise AI is set to launch its $WSDM token on May 13, advancing its vision of bringing AI-powered investment and wealth management services to a broad range of investors. As a premier decentralized fundraising and incubation platform for Web3 projects of all types, the ChainGPT Pad has been recognized as the most popular launchpad of 2023 . The incubation program promotes emerging startups strategically hand-picked by ChainGPT based on their disruptive potential, transforming their ideas into viable business solutions. ChainGPT Pad ChainGPT Pad most popular launchpad of 2023 most popular launchpad of 2023 The program extensively assists in product development, smart contract implementation, and user engagement. Through expert mentorship and access to an extensive network of influential partners and investors, the ChainGPT Pad’s incubation provides Web3 startups with the tools to navigate inevitable challenges and thrive. Wisdomise AI’s platform helps broaden financial prosperity with a multifaceted approach that enables investors to overcome the complexity and overload of information in the market. Its all-encompassing solution includes proprietary tools and data for active and passive crypto investors while also featuring a fully automated trading platform for passive income built and managed by Wisdomise Brain, the core AI system behind Wisdomise AI’s platform. With its novel scalable, multilayer AI architecture, Wisdomise Brain empowers investors by learning, predicting, and executing trades efficiently. By bridging knowledge gaps through curating and structuring intelligence, Wisdomise AI makes complex financial data accessible and understandable to even the most inexperienced digital asset investors. The platform also works to benefit all its users by pooling collective insights in what it calls the “wisdom crowds” principle. Wisdomise AI harnesses advanced AI and personalized financial chatbots to enable effective and profitable engagement with digital asset marketplaces. As a platform promoting equal access to investment information, its platform provides users with carefully curated insights and investment opportunities primarily in crypto, but with additional market expansions in the near future. Wisdomise AI’s IDO information: Token price: $.02 IDO date: May 13 Token ticker: $WSDM Allocation size: $400,000 Max supply: 1,000,000,000 Network: Polygon Initial Market Cap without liquidity: $404,000 Initial Market Cap with liquidity: $854,000 Circulating supply at TGE: 42,700,000 (equal to 4.27%) Fully Diluted Evaluation at TGE: $20,000,000 Vesting schedule: 15% at TGE, 1-month cliff, 6 months linear vesting Token price: $.02 IDO date: May 13 Token ticker: $WSDM Allocation size: $400,000 Max supply: 1,000,000,000 Network: Polygon Initial Market Cap without liquidity: $404,000 Initial Market Cap with liquidity: $854,000 Circulating supply at TGE: 42,700,000 (equal to 4.27%) Fully Diluted Evaluation at TGE: $20,000,000 Vesting schedule: 15% at TGE, 1-month cliff, 6 months linear vesting “With advanced AI algorithms and its focus on community and accessibility, Wisdomise AI empowers all digital asset investors to navigate crypto’s complex terrain wisely by making the most informed decisions,” says Ilan Rakhmanov, CEO and Founder of ChainGPT. “With advanced AI algorithms and its focus on community and accessibility, Wisdomise AI empowers all digital asset investors to navigate crypto’s complex terrain wisely by making the most informed decisions,” says Ilan Rakhmanov, CEO and Founder of ChainGPT. “We are excited about Wisdomise’s launch on our IDO platform and fully expect it to continue reaching its milestones. Wisdomise AI has a strong team, a growing community, a comprehensive roadmap, and most importantly, a clear vision indicating that it has all the tools necessary to transform how we interact with financial markets.” “We are excited about Wisdomise’s launch on our IDO platform and fully expect it to continue reaching its milestones. Wisdomise AI has a strong team, a growing community, a comprehensive roadmap, and most importantly, a clear vision indicating that it has all the tools necessary to transform how we interact with financial markets.” “Access to today’s structured monetary products and passive investment opportunities, both in crypto and TradFi, remains highly exclusive—but our platform tears down these barriers by enabling efficient digital asset investment and wealth management,” says Fardad Zand, CEO and Co-Founder of Wisdomise AI. “Access to today’s structured monetary products and passive investment opportunities, both in crypto and TradFi, remains highly exclusive—but our platform tears down these barriers by enabling efficient digital asset investment and wealth management,” says Fardad Zand, CEO and Co-Founder of Wisdomise AI. “Our platform leverages AI to empower all Web3 users to invest, trade, and manage their digital assets in an efficient and user-friendly manner, and our IDO will underpin all future efforts. As we approach our token launch, we are grateful for the support and guidance ChainGPT provided us.” “Our platform leverages AI to empower all Web3 users to invest, trade, and manage their digital assets in an efficient and user-friendly manner, and our IDO will underpin all future efforts. As we approach our token launch, we are grateful for the support and guidance ChainGPT provided us.” About ChainGPT: ChainGPT is the leading provider of AI-powered infrastructure for crypto, blockchain, and Web3. From a next-generation IDO launchpad and incubator to automated smart contract generation and auditing, as well as an advanced Web3 AI chatbot to AI-powered news aggregation, an AI training assistant, cross-chain swap, and an NFT generator, ChainGPT is a sophisticated, end-to-end solution for AI Web3 infrastructure. By integrating large language models (LLM) with blockchain, the company builds advanced, accessible, and user-friendly tools for all users. Further solidifying its position at the forefront of technological innovation, ChainGPT has established strategic partnerships and received recognition from notable tech leaders such as Google, Nvidia, BNBChain, and Chainlink. ChainGPT aims to advance the use of AI within the blockchain space. For more information, visit: <https://www.chaingpt.org/](https://www.chaingpt.org/) <https://www.chaingpt.org/](https://www.chaingpt.org/) About Wisdomise AI: Wisdomise AI is an all-in-one, AI-powered platform offering users curated intelligence and exposure to investment opportunities in digital assets (to begin with) and later other financial markets. Achieving this goal will be one step ahead to “democratizing wealth creation,” improving financial inclusion globally, and making everyone a more informed investor. At Wisdomise AI, we know that this is a big vision and needs the support of the community of our users and ecosystem partners to achieve it. For more information, visit: <https://wisdomise.com/en](https://wisdomise.com/en) <https://wisdomise.com/en](https://wisdomise.com/en) This story was distributed as a release by Btcwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. This story was distributed as a release by Btcwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here . here here

ChainGPT Pad Launches Wisdomise AI IDO To Bring Inclusive,AI-powered Wealth Management Tools To Web3

In the fast-paced world of cryptocurrencies, timely and accurate data is not just valuable—it's crucial. For traders, developers, and crypto enthusiasts, CoinGecko's API has emerged as an indispensable tool, offering a comprehensive suite of data points from live prices to historical data and NFT market insights. Here's why CoinGecko’s API is a leader in this space and how you can leverage its capabilities in your projects. The Value of Cryptocurrency Data APIs Cryptocurrency Data APIs like CoinGecko provide essential data that helps in making informed trading decisions, developing applications, and conducting market analysis. They serve as the backbone for various crypto-related applications, enhancing functionality by providing real-time access to price movements, market capitalization, trading volumes, and much more. Why CoinGecko API? Comprehensive Data Coverage: CoinGecko tracks over 2 million tokens across 100+ blockchain networks and 1,000+ exchanges, ensuring that you have all the data you need at your fingertips.
Reliability and Uptime: With a proven track record since 2014 and a 99.9% uptime, CoinGecko ensures that your applications run smoothly with continuous data flow.
Ease of Use: The API is designed to be user-friendly, catering to both novice developers and seasoned professionals with well-documented endpoints and straightforward integration processes. Real-World Use Cases 1. Market Analysis Tools
Developers can integrate CoinGecko API into market analysis tools to provide users with real-time and historical market data. This helps traders identify trends, evaluate market conditions, and make more informed decisions. Example: A developer creates a web application that displays the top 10 cryptocurrencies by market cap with their price changes and trading volume over the past 24 hours. 2. Portfolio Management Applications
Portfolio management apps can use CoinGecko API to track the current value of holdings in various cryptocurrencies, updating portfolio values in real-time based on the latest market prices. Example: An app pulls in data from CoinGecko to update the user’s investment in Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other altcoins, providing notifications if certain assets exceed or drop below predefined thresholds. 3. Educational Platforms
Educational platforms that teach cryptocurrency trading can use the API to show live market data to students, helping them understand market dynamics as they learn. Example: A trading course website uses real-time data from CoinGecko to illustrate how sudden news events impact cryptocurrency prices. Tutorial: Building a Simple Crypto Price Tracker Using CoinGecko API Step 1: Setting Up
Begin by registering on the CoinGecko website to access the API keys. Once you have your key, set up a basic project environment in your preferred coding language. Step 2: Fetching Data
Using the /simple/price endpoint, you can fetch real-time price data. Here’s a quick snippet in Python: import requests

url = "https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?ids=bitcoin&vs_currencies=usd"
response = requests.get(url)
price = response.json()['bitcoin']['usd']
print(f"Current Bitcoin Price: USD {price}") Step 3: Expanding Functionality
Expand your tracker by adding more cryptocurrencies and additional data points like trading volume or market cap by adjusting the API requests. CoinGecko’s API is more than just a tool—it's a gateway to understanding and interacting with the entire cryptocurrency market. Whether you’re building the next great crypto application or simply enhancing your trading strategy, CoinGecko provides the reliable, comprehensive data you need to succeed. Start exploring today and see how CoinGecko API can transform your approach to the crypto universe! In the fast-paced world of cryptocurrencies, timely and accurate data is not just valuable—it's crucial. For traders, developers, and crypto enthusiasts, CoinGecko's API has emerged as an indispensable tool, offering a comprehensive suite of data points from live prices to historical data and NFT market insights. Here's why CoinGecko’s API is a leader in this space and how you can leverage its capabilities in your projects. CoinGecko’s API The Value of Cryptocurrency Data APIs Cryptocurrency Data APIs like CoinGecko provide essential data that helps in making informed trading decisions, developing applications, and conducting market analysis. They serve as the backbone for various crypto-related applications, enhancing functionality by providing real-time access to price movements, market capitalization, trading volumes, and much more. CoinGecko Why CoinGecko API? Comprehensive Data Coverage: CoinGecko tracks over 2 million tokens across 100+ blockchain networks and 1,000+ exchanges, ensuring that you have all the data you need at your fingertips. Reliability and Uptime: With a proven track record since 2014 and a 99.9% uptime, CoinGecko ensures that your applications run smoothly with continuous data flow. Ease of Use: The API is designed to be user-friendly, catering to both novice developers and seasoned professionals with well-documented endpoints and straightforward integration processes. Comprehensive Data Coverage : CoinGecko tracks over 2 million tokens across 100+ blockchain networks and 1,000+ exchanges, ensuring that you have all the data you need at your fingertips. Comprehensive Data Coverage Reliability and Uptime : With a proven track record since 2014 and a 99.9% uptime, CoinGecko ensures that your applications run smoothly with continuous data flow. Reliability and Uptime Ease of Use : The API is designed to be user-friendly, catering to both novice developers and seasoned professionals with well-documented endpoints and straightforward integration processes. Ease of Use Real-World Use Cases 1. Market Analysis Tools Developers can integrate CoinGecko API into market analysis tools to provide users with real-time and historical market data. This helps traders identify trends, evaluate market conditions, and make more informed decisions. 1. Market Analysis Tools Example : A developer creates a web application that displays the top 10 cryptocurrencies by market cap with their price changes and trading volume over the past 24 hours. Example 2. Portfolio Management Applications Portfolio management apps can use CoinGecko API to track the current value of holdings in various cryptocurrencies, updating portfolio values in real-time based on the latest market prices. 2. Portfolio Management Applications Example : An app pulls in data from CoinGecko to update the user’s investment in Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other altcoins, providing notifications if certain assets exceed or drop below predefined thresholds. Example 3. Educational Platforms Educational platforms that teach cryptocurrency trading can use the API to show live market data to students, helping them understand market dynamics as they learn. 3. Educational Platforms Example : A trading course website uses real-time data from CoinGecko to illustrate how sudden news events impact cryptocurrency prices. Example Tutorial: Building a Simple Crypto Price Tracker Using CoinGecko API Step 1: Setting Up Begin by registering on the CoinGecko website to access the API keys. Once you have your key, set up a basic project environment in your preferred coding language. Step 1: Setting Up Step 2: Fetching Data Using the /simple/price endpoint, you can fetch real-time price data. Here’s a quick snippet in Python: Step 2: Fetching Data /simple/price import requests

url = "https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?ids=bitcoin&vs_currencies=usd"
response = requests.get(url)
price = response.json()['bitcoin']['usd']
print(f"Current Bitcoin Price: USD {price}") import requests

url = "https://api.coingecko.com/api/v3/simple/price?ids=bitcoin&vs_currencies=usd"
response = requests.get(url)
price = response.json()['bitcoin']['usd']
print(f"Current Bitcoin Price: USD {price}") Step 3: Expanding Functionality Expand your tracker by adding more cryptocurrencies and additional data points like trading volume or market cap by adjusting the API requests. Step 3: Expanding Functionality CoinGecko’s API is more than just a tool—it's a gateway to understanding and interacting with the entire cryptocurrency market. Whether you’re building the next great crypto application or simply enhancing your trading strategy, CoinGecko provides the reliable, comprehensive data you need to succeed. Start exploring today and see how CoinGecko API can transform your approach to the crypto universe!

Unlocking the Power of Crypto Markets with CoinGecko API

Artisanal Power: How to Avert a Threatened Mass Casualty Event

By Karim Chaib, founder of Web3Intelligence and Dopamine I’m excited to share with you the transformative potential of our Weekly Predictions tool in the realm of cryptocurrency investment. In the dynamic world of DeFi, understanding the market and each coin is not just important; it’s essential. The space is constantly evolving and fluctuating at a rapid pace. Individuals who are not crypto-native often feel the barrier to entry in a space that many have deemed speculative and unpredictable. A recent survey shows that even with the many inroads in the decentralized finance and cryptocurrency space, a significant amount of users are still unsatisfied with the convenience of application use and access to one’s wallet. At my firm, we are striving to break down these barriers by building extremely powerful, one-stop platforms for users to learn, invest, and track the performance of cryptocurrency in real time. One of our innovative projects is Dopamine, and our Weekly Predictions tool is bringing investment in cryptocurrency up-to-speed, arguably surpassing today’s traditional finance (tradfi) banking sector. At its core, Weekly Predictions is a tool that analyzes vast amounts of data - both readily available and proprietary. By combining blockchain analytics with social sentiment analysis, Predictions offers a holistic view of the market landscape, providing the user with accurate and actionable information. In a 2024 survey, 75% of respondents who own crypto use it as an investment tool and do not “own crypto to make secure payments, to buy NFTs, or because they think it will replace currencies.” Considering this overwhelming investment-centric attitude, the people who are bearish around crypto have been avoiding the space because of the lack of regulation and security and/or the feeling of not knowing how to buy it and what to do with it. Dopamine and its regulation and date-heavy framework create an environment where users can feel comfortable enough to educate themselves and feel confident in the process of buying, owning, and investing. We gather data from transaction volumes, historical price movements, and on-chain activities of various cryptocurrencies. This data is then combined with AI modeling that takes into account internal user interactions, external web3 engagement, and data from external web2 social platforms. This creates a truly comprehensive view of the market sentiment and landscape. This multipoint data-driven approach allows users to make more informed decisions about when to buy, sell, or hold their crypto assets. You may think it is akin to having your own personal quant in an app, and you would be wrong; the Predictions are designed to approach the crypto market while wearing the hat of a traditional financial advisor. While the Weekly Predictions report and content only refresh weekly, the platform keeps up with real-time changes and movement, similar to any tradfi day trader. However, unlike these tradfi platforms, Dopamine is pulling back the curtain on users’ assets through the ease of use and readability of the platform, simplifying it for even the most novice users. We’re also highly dedicated to educating our users and enthusiasts about the most important concepts in trading crypto. Our interface has been streamlined and simplified to create a pleasurable and intuitive user experience that encourages experimentation and exploration. However, while fun and exploration are vital aspects of the platform, Dopamine–and $DOPE, the token used to unlock the Weekly Predictions feature–seek to avoid the actual gamification and pump-and-dump ethos that has come to burden the crypto community. Each report highlights a selection of coins for the week that have measurable data for users to engage with. Unlike generalized crypto news reports, the content offers discussion around each coin, with associative analysis that is tailored to current holdings in one’s wallet. In summary, the Weekly Predictions tool is a testament to the potential of data-driven insights in the crypto market, empowering retail investors to make informed decisions with democratized access to crypto trading, and it ultimately contributes to the growth and maturity of the crypto market overall. Whether you’re a seasoned trader or a newcomer to crypto, the tool is a valuable asset in your trading kit. Through leveraging the power of blockchain data, advanced algorithms, and AI, we’re able to provide users with key insights into market trends and sentiment, helping them make more informed investment decisions and ultimately making the engagement with cryptocurrency more intuitive, enjoyable, and safe. About Karim Chaib Karim Chaib, founder of Web3intelligence.com and the architect behind the groundbreaking super app Dopamine, is a serial entrepreneur and a pivotal figure in shaping ETF and digital asset infrastructure components of major banks such as UBS, BBVA, Sygnum, and world leader core banking system Avaloq. His expertise extends to pioneering the integration of open banking and artificial intelligence technologies in collaboration with IBM. Under Karim's leadership, Web3intelligence.com has emerged as a premier web3 platform, offering an intuitive app that not only caters to everyday consumers but also engages children through gamified learning of seed phrases. The platform also powers Dopamine.tv, and their innovative $DOPE token serves as a licensing model, setting a global standard in AML and driving web3 innovation across various businesses. Karim's notable contributions include leading teams of world-renowned cryptographers, such as Gennaro, Goldfeder, Paillier, Goubin, and DEFI guru Andre Cronje, further cementing his status as a visionary in the field. About Dopamine The ultimate crypto wealth management tool, blending AI and compliance infrastructure with superApp capabilities, was deployed primarily on Solana before expanding to a multichain ecosystem. Dopamine gives you the power to manage all your wallets and all your centralized and decentralized exchanges with the latest AI and compliance advancement. You can connect your banks and participate in launchpads, RWA, and much more. Dopamine token is license token for the app but also for banks and exchanges to access all the API and source code that is built by web3intelligence.com By Karim Chaib, founder of Web3Intelligence and Dopamine By Karim Chaib, founder of Web3Intelligence and Dopamine Web3Intelligence Web3Intelligence Dopamine Dopamine I’m excited to share with you the transformative potential of our Weekly Predictions tool in the realm of cryptocurrency investment. In the dynamic world of DeFi, understanding the market and each coin is not just important; it’s essential. The space is constantly evolving and fluctuating at a rapid pace. Individuals who are not crypto-native often feel the barrier to entry in a space that many have deemed speculative and unpredictable. A recent survey shows that even with the many inroads in the decentralized finance and cryptocurrency space, a significant amount of users are still unsatisfied with the convenience of application use and access to one’s wallet. At my firm, we are striving to break down these barriers by building extremely powerful, one-stop platforms for users to learn, invest, and track the performance of cryptocurrency in real time. One of our innovative projects is Dopamine, and our Weekly Predictions tool is bringing investment in cryptocurrency up-to-speed, arguably surpassing today’s traditional finance (tradfi) banking sector . barrier to entry barrier to entry recent survey recent survey traditional finance (tradfi) banking sector traditional finance (tradfi) banking sector At its core, Weekly Predictions is a tool that analyzes vast amounts of data - both readily available and proprietary. By combining blockchain analytics with social sentiment analysis, Predictions offers a holistic view of the market landscape, providing the user with accurate and actionable information. In a 2024 survey, 75% of respondents who own crypto use it as an investment tool and do not “own crypto to make secure payments, to buy NFTs, or because they think it will replace currencies.” Considering this overwhelming investment-centric attitude, the people who are bearish around crypto have been avoiding the space because of the lack of regulation and security and/or the feeling of not knowing how to buy it and what to do with it. Dopamine and its regulation and date-heavy framework create an environment where users can feel comfortable enough to educate themselves and feel confident in the process of buying, owning, and investing. 75% of respondents 75% of respondents We gather data from transaction volumes, historical price movements, and on-chain activities of various cryptocurrencies. This data is then combined with AI modeling that takes into account internal user interactions, external web3 engagement, and data from external web2 social platforms. This creates a truly comprehensive view of the market sentiment and landscape. This multipoint data-driven approach allows users to make more informed decisions about when to buy, sell, or hold their crypto assets. You may think it is akin to having your own personal quant in an app, and you would be wrong; the Predictions are designed to approach the crypto market while wearing the hat of a traditional financial advisor. While the Weekly Predictions report and content only refresh weekly, the platform keeps up with real-time changes and movement, similar to any tradfi day trader. However, unlike these tradfi platforms, Dopamine is pulling back the curtain on users’ assets through the ease of use and readability of the platform, simplifying it for even the most novice users. We’re also highly dedicated to educating our users and enthusiasts about the most important concepts in trading crypto. Our interface has been streamlined and simplified to create a pleasurable and intuitive user experience that encourages experimentation and exploration. However, while fun and exploration are vital aspects of the platform, Dopamine–and $DOPE, the token used to unlock the Weekly Predictions feature–seek to avoid the actual gamification and pump-and-dump ethos that has come to burden the crypto community. Each report highlights a selection of coins for the week that have measurable data for users to engage with. Unlike generalized crypto news reports, the content offers discussion around each coin, with associative analysis that is tailored to current holdings in one’s wallet. In summary, the Weekly Predictions tool is a testament to the potential of data-driven insights in the crypto market, empowering retail investors to make informed decisions with democratized access to crypto trading, and it ultimately contributes to the growth and maturity of the crypto market overall. Whether you’re a seasoned trader or a newcomer to crypto, the tool is a valuable asset in your trading kit. Through leveraging the power of blockchain data, advanced algorithms, and AI, we’re able to provide users with key insights into market trends and sentiment, helping them make more informed investment decisions and ultimately making the engagement with cryptocurrency more intuitive, enjoyable, and safe. About Karim Chaib About Karim Chaib About Karim Chaib Karim Chaib, founder of Web3intelligence.com and the architect behind the groundbreaking super app Dopamine, is a serial entrepreneur and a pivotal figure in shaping ETF and digital asset infrastructure components of major banks such as UBS, BBVA, Sygnum, and world leader core banking system Avaloq. His expertise extends to pioneering the integration of open banking and artificial intelligence technologies in collaboration with IBM. Under Karim's leadership, Web3intelligence.com has emerged as a premier web3 platform, offering an intuitive app that not only caters to everyday consumers but also engages children through gamified learning of seed phrases. The platform also powers Dopamine.tv , and their innovative $DOPE token serves as a licensing model, setting a global standard in AML and driving web3 innovation across various businesses. Karim's notable contributions include leading teams of world-renowned cryptographers, such as Gennaro, Goldfeder, Paillier, Goubin, and DEFI guru Andre Cronje, further cementing his status as a visionary in the field. Web3intelligence.com Web3intelligence.com Web3intelligence.com Web3intelligence.com Dopamine.tv Dopamine.tv About Dopamine About Dopamine About Dopamine The ultimate crypto wealth management tool, blending AI and compliance infrastructure with superApp capabilities, was deployed primarily on Solana before expanding to a multichain ecosystem. Dopamine gives you the power to manage all your wallets and all your centralized and decentralized exchanges with the latest AI and compliance advancement. You can connect your banks and participate in launchpads, RWA, and much more. Dopamine token is license token for the app but also for banks and exchanges to access all the API and source code that is built by web3intelligence.com

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