Carbon6is in the E-Commerce Enablers Industry

Carbon6

carbon6

We all know corporate life can be uncertain; smaller fish are swallowed by larger fish from time to time, and that is just the nature of Capitalism. However, it does not diminish the painful consequences mergers and acquisitions tend to leave behind on employees. That is, in fact, the nature of the beast. Greedy giant corporations couldn’t care less about the impact their ambition has on the lives of many of their employees, and in Broadcom’s case, the disfavorable impact on smaller customers as well. Speaking of Carbon Black’s customers, many knew of Broadcom’s reputation, and saw the writing on the wall, as such, they decided to part ways as soon as they heard of the possibility of Broadcom taking over VMWare Carbon Black. Possibly, to ease their concerns, announced  a couple of months ago his intent to divest Carbon Black. Management was thrilled and “Carbon Black” was “back”. Shortly thereafter, CB found out that Hock had not to sell (or was it all intentional from the start?). Symantec would absorb Carbon Black, and layoffs ensued. The bloodbath resembled the famous Red Wedding scene from Game of Thrones. Hock Tan claimed decided My Advice to Employees This sucks; it sucks big time, but all changes can lead to new opportunities, besides… ask yourself, would you want to work for a company that is devoid of a soul, has zero scruples, and questionable ethics, but mostly, does not care about the well-being of their acquired employees? Particularly when they have poured their life into the product and while Hock Tan himself has made on the deal? millions Do yourself a favor, and seek out companies that do value your hard work, allow for a work-life balance, and don’t see you as a mere expenditure. What Does This Mean for You, as a Current Carbon Black Customer? Although the CB support had already been affected by Broadcom’s hire freeze, as Broadcom continues to reduce headcount and employees realize their future is dim, Broadcom may potentially dismantle Carbon Black and absorb their intellectual property. Even if Carbon Black as a company survives, all we have to do is look back at Broadcom’s approach and realize they will focus on the large, premium tier accounts and direct their smaller customers to partners. It’s been rumored Hock Tan stated, referring to smaller accounts: “ ” Why would I give a shit about your account when all you give me is $25 a year? Hok’s religion is the almightly dollar, anything and everything is measured in profits. This is what to expect: The security efficacy of the product will continue to decline. Carbon Black won’t be able to prevent new threats as their teams are extremely shorthanded. Support will also be affected, resolution will be slow, and as their more experienced engineers leave the company (voluntarily or otherwise), the quality of support will continue to be adversely impacted. For Tier 1/Platinum level customers spending $250,000 or more, Broadcom may eventually force them to switch over to Symantec, despite the fact Symantec is a dinosaur in the grand scheme of cybersecurity products. If you care about the security posture of your enterprise or organization, public or private, I would consider other options. In closing, former Carbon Black employees, do not despair; even a massive corporation as huge as Broadcom can’t crush your spirit.

Carbon Red, Bloodshed Red

Carbon Aware Computing: Next Green Breakthrough or New Greenwashing?

কার্বন সচেতন কম্পিউটিং: পরবর্তী গ্রিন ব্রেকথ্রু বা নতুন গ্রিনওয়াশিং?

CO2-bewusstes Computing: Nächster grüner Durchbruch oder neues Greenwashing?

Computación consciente del carbono: ¿próximo avance ecológico o nuevo lavado verde?

Informatique respectueuse du carbone : prochaine percée verte ou nouveau greenwashing ?

कार्बन अवेयर कंप्यूटिंग: अगला ग्रीन ब्रेकथ्रू या नया ग्रीनवाशिंग?

カーボン アウェア コンピューティング: 次のグリーン ブレークスルーか、それとも新たなグリーンウォッシングか?

탄소 인식 컴퓨팅: 차세대 친환경 혁신인가 아니면 새로운 Greenwashing인가?

Computação Consciente do Carbono: Próximo Avanço Verde ou Nova Lavagem Verde?

Вычисления с учетом выбросов углерода: следующий «зеленый прорыв» или новое «зеленое отмывание»?

Karbon Farkında Bilgi İşlem: Bir Sonraki Yeşil Atılım mı, Yeni Bir Yeşil Yıkama mı?

Máy tính nhận biết carbon: Đột phá xanh tiếp theo hay tẩy xanh mới?

碳感知计算：下一个绿色突破还是新的绿色清洗？

The Noonification: Reviewing Celo, The Carbon-Negative, Mobile-first Blockchain (12/22/2023)

*Note: a SWOT analysis is an evaluation of the fundamental, operational, technical, social, economic, and even to some degree administrative elements of a project. This is not a model to be used for trading purposes. (NFA, DYOR) Composed of four elements, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats, a SWOT analysis framework provides excellent insight for establishing a high-level understanding of the state of a project’s well-being through the lens of a birds-eye view. It can help formulate decisions around which areas require more attention, set performance goals, and organize a foundational understanding of where a project is headed. Rarely (if ever) used in crypto, it is time to apply this timeless method of evaluation to the digital asset space. Today, Celo (CELO), the carbon-negative, mobile-first blockchain dedicated to “creating conditions of prosperity for all” through regenerative finance, will get a SWOT. 💪 Strengths (Internal) (Helpful) 1. REFI Positioning A combination of DEFI and social good, regenerative finance is a movement that taps into ecological benefits to society and/or the environment. No network has remotely as much of the intellectual mindshare around innovations happening in this space as Celo. Affiliating itself with social good from launch, Celo has become the host of today’s leading projects, including Toucan, Kolektivo, Flowcarbon, Gooddollar, Glo Dollar, Impact Market, and others. Considering how underserved and under explored REFI has been as a whole, there is no upper bound to model the potential returns this as a sector can attract during the seasonal capital shuffling. 2. On-Chain Metrics Blossoming After a painful bear market and drawn-out winter, the seasons have shifted, and the on-chain metrics have thawed. Celo has been showing strong, sustainable growth across the board. DAA (Daily Active Addresses) have been going parabolic since May 2023, rallying from 5k in December 2022 to around 200k exactly 1 year later, a clean 40x. Total addresses jumped from 1.5m to ~4m (a notable 2.67x). TVL has begun ticking up from ~$80m to ~$120m. Total amount of active, verified, smart contracts steadily rising beyond 33,000. Daily transactions have rebounded from their painful lows of around 100k per day earlier this year to around 400k now, and no signs of slowing down. 3. Focus on Stablecoin Payments Many people underestimate how still nascent and small crypto is relative to the enormous economic markets it is tackling. Remaining one of the largest financial sectors ripe for disruption, payments are tightly correlated with stablecoins, and stablecoins are tightly correlated with real commercial/retail adoption; therefore, the use case and value proposition that Celo is pursuing have universal appeal. Moreover, having a concrete vision and a clear market to innovate around does not receive enough recognition. The vast majority of alternative layer 1’s lack focus and try too hard to become the ultimate generalized solutions that can support every exotic use case under the degen sun. Celo can allocate its resources and efforts more efficiently and not waste time on things such as Memecoins. This is not to say memecoins are bad, just highlighting the nature of the project. 4. Network of Validators Home to 110 validator nodes, owned by 78 independent entities, including some of the most significant Web2 technology companies on the plant, such as Google Cloud, Deutsche Telekom, Telefonica, et al., as well as some of the most well-known crypto and Web3 entities such as Binance, Polychain Capital, Blockdaemon, and others; Celo has the material support from a set of validators many dream of. 5. One Block Finality A common area of concern in the context of public blockchain infrastructure, finality has become a definitive factor in the design preferences of financial institutions around the world. As it relates to retail finance, the quicker the finality, the more confidence the users have with their transactions, the more likely they are to return and use the product again. Celo has always had this at the front of mind in their operations. This “immediate” finality structure mitigates reorgs (something infinitely valuable at the enterprise level) and was possibly an important factor in Celo being able to build powerful relationships with legacy Web2 conglomerates. 6. Finite CELO Supply Inflation Launching with 60% (600m) of the total token supply circulating (depending on how it’s measured), Celo has an extremely smooth emission model to release the remaining 40% (400m) of tokens over the course of 30 years (ending in 2050). At the end of the emissions, the token supply model would, in fact, become slightly deflationary due to the transaction burns. Moreover, the emissions are primarily allocated to community building and validator/staking incentives, which means they would potentially foster economically resilient networks of aligned actors. This is, of course, in addition to the most sensitive benefit of balancing the impacts of dilution on existing/early participants. 7. Transaction Fee Payments While most major blockchains constantly deal with the friction of forcing participants to acquire native tokens in order to interact with the networks, Celo has introduced semi-agnostic network fee payments, allowing transactions to be paid for in any of the approved alternative assets. Opting for such a model seems counterintuitive as it would defeat the existential purpose of the gas token itself; however, it is not unlikely that this friendliness translates to a higher degree of adoption. By having multi-asset fee payments, the network can, in fact, help bolster asset velocity and become economically intertwined with other projects. 😞 Weaknesses (Internal) (Harmful) 1. Gingerbread Identity Crises Celo used to distinguish itself in the marketplace by playing the role of an independent, EVM-compatible Layer 1 blockchain network focused on mobile clients and payments (aka stablecoins). Recently, however, the project has embarked on a technical restructuring (known as the “Gingerbread” hard fork) to transition into an extension of the Ethereum ecosystem by becoming an OP-stack-based Layer 2. Even though this action was enforced by the community itself through a governance proposal, such a fundamental pivot can result in organizational chaos, which, if untamed, can result in the collapse of interest. If the project built its community on a specific set of fundamental beliefs and those beliefs change, it runs the risk of alienating previous members. 2. Low Network Earning vs MCAP Validator earnings is a theme that plagues all low-fee, high-throughput layer 1 networks. Earnings are established based on how much validators accrue from transaction fees. Considering that most transactions on Celo are below <$0.001 and only a small portion of them are paid to validators, it comes as no surprise that the CELO network posted annual earnings around sub <$50,000 USD. When weighed against its floating capitalization of $324,577,949, we arrive at a ratio of 6,500:1. To be totally fair, as an individual metric to gauge a cryptocurrency’s “fair value,” this is incomplete, but can certainly be used as a component in building a more complete picture. 🧐 Opportunities (External) (Helpful) 1. Low DEFI Diversity Currently sitting at just three (3) with Mento, Curve, and Uniswap controlling over 90% of Celo’s total DEFI TVL, the decentralized financial scene on Celo is craving development. Of natively built Celo solutions, only Mento has any material relevance with its some odd 60 million collateralized stablecoins minted; otherwise, the leading DEX is non-native, lending markets are effectively non-existent, and no derivatives/perps built on it. Young projects looking to gain center stage in an ecosystem and old-timers looking to expand to new horizons would find Celo a pleasant opportunity due to its lack of competition and EVM compatibility. It is almost certain that over the course of the next 12–24 months, this balance will change; the projects that rise to capture market share will bring abundance to the Celo social sphere. 2. Gingerbread Hard Fork Activated at the End of Q3 as the initiation of Celo’s techno-economic restructuring, Gingerbread is a 2-phase process that will transform the network from an independent EVM-compatible Layer 1 to an ETH-aligned Layer 2. Introducing a multitude of changes, including the principle of “Ultragreen Money,” which will adjust the transaction mechanism to burn 80% of fees and funnel 20% towards a Carbon offset Fund. Supercharging finality guarantees with a second layer of security derived from the Ethereum epochs (so finality within Celo itself and the finality of its Data on Ethereum). Leveraging the OP-stack for its execution and EigenDA for posting its activity engenders Celo to both of those ecosystems, which could translate into powerful network effects. The existing validators will have their roles shift into sequencers, which would make Celo the first L2 to have a truly decentralized sequencer set. 3. Support from Ethereum Ecosystem By aligning itself with Ethereum, it seems more likely than not that many reputable protocols will extend operations over to Celo, especially when considering the extremely high level of compatibility that will be present. Already getting public praise from prominent members Vitalik and Joseph Lubin for their innovations, lending protocol AAVE has announced that it will be coming to Celo, bringing with it the mature infrastructure and stakeholder set already prevalent across many EVM-compatible networks. 😳 Threats (External) (Harmful) 1. DEFI Centralization With just 3 protocols controlling over 90% of the TVL on Celo, the ecosystem is at risk of over-concentrated protocols that disincentivize new competitors. Liquidity is highly reflexive; where there is liquidity, more shall flow; where there is little, it shall dry over time. Certainly, the argument can be made that centralization counteracts fragmentation and increases market efficiencies, but having a high degree of reliance on a small group of actors introduces unwanted risks for Celo itself. Without stimulating competition, new ideas will not make their way to Celo and instead be attracted to more conducive environments. 2. Weak Social Presence CELO does not have the ravaging maniacal die-hard community members or social presence common to most L1s. Even though this quaintness might seem understandable from the perspective of enterprise participants, those raw savage human emotions that drive market hype cycles through peek euphoria and keep it alive in the depths of winter are the foundation of markets. By not cultivating this kind of culture, it is only a matter of time until the projects that do capture all the creative imaginations and attract more users. Meme’s matter. Takeaway: Laying closer to the centralized side of Web3, Celo is a polished environment that emphasizes cooperation, coordination, and goodwill without degen tribalism. Carbon neutrality, prosperity, cooperation, and a smorgasbord of other ESG-conscious, purpose-driven material is woven throughout all of its branding and content. While generally tucked away from the average retail participant, Celo has received a lot of support and recognition from renowned industry insiders, including Vitalik Buterin, Sreeram Kannan, Joseph Lubin, et al., for its technical decisions, as well as operational integrations with global megacorps such as Kickstarter and Google Cloud. Conclusion: Fostering environmental well-being, supercharging capitalism with the narrative to become a tool for social good, and delicately balancing financial innovation, Celo is an intellectually stimulating project that has put considerable effort into distinguishing itself from others and defining its product market fit. In the unique position of abandoning its original architecture in hopes of reinvigorating market interest with technology, Celo has become an interesting project to watch, if not for price, then as a case study on the merits of such fundamental structural changes. One simply cannot fade the long-term potential of Celo. Thank you so much for reading, I hope this serves you well on your journey. Live long and prosper 🥂 Also published . here

Reviewing Celo, The Carbon-Negative, Mobile-first Blockchain

সেলো, কার্বন-নেতিবাচক, মোবাইল-প্রথম ব্লকচেইন পর্যালোচনা করা হচ্ছে

Überprüfung von Celo, der CO2-negativen, Mobile-First-Blockchain

Revisión de Celo, la cadena de bloques móvil y con emisiones negativas de carbono

Examen de Celo, la blockchain à carbone négatif et axée sur le mobile

सेलो, कार्बन-नेगेटिव, मोबाइल-फर्स्ट ब्लॉकचेन की समीक्षा

Celo のレビュー、カーボンネガティブ、モバイルファーストのブロックチェーン

탄소 배출 제로, 모바일 우선 블록체인 Celo 검토

Revendo Celo, o blockchain móvel com carbono negativo e primeiro

Обзор Celo, углеродно-отрицательного блокчейна, ориентированного на мобильные устройства

Karbon Negatif, Mobil Öncelikli Blockchain Celo'yu İncelemek

Đánh giá Celo, Blockchain tiêu cực, ưu tiên thiết bị di động

回顾 Celo，碳负、移动优先的区块链

The rapidly increasing popularity of cryptocurrency has sparked discussions not only about its potential but also about its environmental impact. While the promise of decentralized currencies and blockchain technology is enticing, rising concerns regarding the carbon footprint of cryptocurrency have surfaced as a significant point of contention. The Impact of Crypto on the Planet While many point to cryptocurrency as the future, the concerns regarding its impact on our planet are more than warranted. The carbon footprint of cryptocurrency mining is substantial. A Cambridge University study estimated that Bitcoin mining alone consumes more electricity than entire countries like Argentina or the Netherlands. This energy-intensive process primarily relies on fossil fuels, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and exacerbating climate change concerns. In another study out of Cambridge University, it was discovered that since its inception, cryptocurrency has accounted for over 200 million tons of Carbon Dioxide pollution, with 92% of those emissions coming in the past five years. Cryptocurrency mining, the process by which new coins are created and transactions are verified, predominantly relies on energy-intensive computational power. The most well-known cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum utilize a consensus mechanism known as Proof of Work (PoW). PoW requires miners to solve complex mathematical problems, consuming substantial amounts of electricity in the process. This energy consumption has led to mounting worries about the environmental sustainability of these digital currencies. Addressing the environmental challenges posed by cryptocurrency requires multifaceted solutions. One avenue involves transitioning toward alternative consensus mechanisms. How to Address the Environmental Challenges Proof of Stake (PoS), utilized by some cryptocurrencies like Cardano and Ethereum 2.0 (in the process of transitioning), requires far less energy by allowing validators to create new blocks based on the number of coins they hold, rather than computational power. This shift can significantly reduce the carbon footprint associated with mining. Furthermore, the utilization of renewable energy sources presents a viable solution. Initiatives to power mining operations with renewable energy, such as hydroelectric, solar, or wind power, have gained traction within the crypto community. Some mining farms have already made commitments to operate entirely on renewable energy, aiming to mitigate the environmental impact of their operations, with roughly 52% of crypto farms turning to the environmentally sound practice. This number is only expected to grow in the further years along with other practices being introduced to the crypto space. The most popular renewable energy source for mining cryptocurrency has been hydropower which powers roughly a quarter of all cryptomining operations. This was pioneered by HydroCryp, a Canadian-based company that utilizes water from the Parana River to generate hydroelectric energy for their power plants. This practice has helped HydroCryp achieve one of the lowest Kw/hr prices globally at just 0.045 Kw/hr. In addition to hydropower being used to help mitigate the environmental effects of cryptocurrency mining, companies have utilized wind power via turbines to account for roughly 15% of mining operations, with solar and nuclear-powered farms accounting for a similar percentage. In a recent study done by Cornell University in the United States, it was found that in periods of excess power generation, the revenue made from these mining operations could be substantial, allowing profits to be reinvested into other eco-friendly mining practices. Texas is currently leading the way in eco-friendly mining practices with 32 projects currently planned that are projected to make roughly 50 million dollars combined, providing an economic rise for both the State of Texas and crypto as a whole. Moreover, encouraging and incentivizing eco-friendly practices within the crypto sphere, such as carbon offset programs have become increasingly popular in recent years. These programs aim to counteract carbon emissions produced by various activities, including cryptocurrency operations, by investing in projects that reduce or offset an equivalent amount of carbon elsewhere. Participants calculate their carbon footprint and then invest in verified projects such as reforestation or renewable energy to mitigate their environmental impact. These programs promote environmental responsibility by supporting initiatives that reduce greenhouse gases which in turn contributes to a more sustainable future. Additionally, improving the efficiency of mining hardware and exploring innovative cooling mechanisms can contribute to reducing energy consumption in cryptocurrency mining. Advancements in technology might offer more energy-efficient solutions, making mining operations greener and more sustainable. In conclusion, acknowledging and addressing the carbon footprint of cryptocurrency mining is crucial for the long-term viability and acceptance of digital currencies. Embracing alternative consensus mechanisms, integrating renewable energy sources, and fostering eco-conscious practices within the crypto ecosystem are pivotal steps toward minimizing the environmental impact of this transformative technology. Balancing innovation with sustainability will be instrumental in shaping a more environmentally responsible future for cryptocurrencies.

The Carbon Footprint of Cryptocurrency: Challenges and Solutions

Scientific American, Vol. XXXIX. No. 6. [New Series.], August 10, 1878, by Various, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . The Edison Carbon Telephone and Hughes' Microphone. here The Edison Carbon Telephone and Hughes' Microphone. To the Editor of the Scientific American: Mr. Edison finds a resemblance between his carbon telephone and my microphone. I can find none whatever; the microphone in its numerous forms that I have already made, and varied by many others since, is simply the embodiment of a discovery I have made, in which I consider the microphone as the first step to new and perhaps more wonderful applications. I have proved that all bodies, solid, liquid, and gaseous, are in a state of molecular agitation when under the influence of sonorous vibrations; no matter if it is a piece of board, walls of a house, street, fields or woods, sea or air, all are in this constant state of vibration, which simply becomes more evident as the sonorous vibrations are more powerful. This I have proved by the discovery that when two or more electrical conducting bodies are placed in contact under very slight constant pressure, resting on any body whatever, they will of themselves transform a constant electrical current into an undulatory current, representing in its exact form the vibrations of the matter on which it reposes; it requires no complicated arrangement and no special material, and to most experimenters the three simple iron nails that I have described form the best and most sensitive microphone. But these contact points would soon oxidize, so naturally I prefer some conducting material which will not oxidize. Mr. Edison's carbon telephone represents the principle of the varying pressure of a diaphragm or its equivalent on a button of carbon varying the amount of electricity in accordance with this change of pressure; it represents no field of discovery, and its uses are restricted to telephony. The three nails I have spoken of will not only do all, and that far better than Edison's carbon telephone in telephony, but has the power of taking up sounds inaudible to human ears, and rendering them audible, in fact a true microphone; besides it has the merit of demonstrating the molecular action which is constantly occurring in all matter under the influence of sonorous vibrations. Here we have certainly no resemblance in form, materials, or principles to Mr. Edison's telephone. The carbon telephone represents a special material in a special way to a special purpose. The microphone demonstrates and represents the whole field of nature; the whole world of matter is suitable to act upon, and the whole of the electrical conducting materials are suitable to its demonstrations. The one represents a patentable improvement; the other a discovery too great and of too wide bearing for any one to be justified in holding it by patent, and claiming as his own that which belongs to the world's domain. London, July 2, 1878. D. E. HUGHES. New Industrial Enterprises. The increasing wealth of a nation, as well as the profitable and steady employment of its capital and people, depends upon a continual increase of the producing power. Whenever there are latent resources undeveloped or opportunities for establishing the first foundation of an industry, leading as it will to the originating of hundreds of auxiliary ones, an unusual effort should be made to bring it into existence. If in the power of individuals to accomplish, so much the better; if needing an association with State or national influence, then this association should be formed. It is incumbent upon individuals that they possess a sufficient pride in the prosperity of the country to give every possible attention and assistance to a careful practical demonstration of the feasibility of all the new industrial enterprises which may be presented with reasonable assurance of final success. Not in a great expenditure of money: influence is better than money, and a potential interest in a new enterprise is often better than capital. The industrial resources of the United States are by no means worked to their full capacity. The people by no means make all they consume. The finer articles of use, and requiring much labor and often the highest skill, are imported from foreign nations. A premium of $10,000 offered for an improved method in any known present process of production or manufacture would be almost sure to be called for. While America exports $175,000,000 worth of raw cotton annually to be worked up by other people, is it not possible to so increase the manufacture in America as to keep the greater part of that raw material and to export the cloth instead? Is it not practicable to establish great numbers more of sugar estates in the same tropical climate? Is it not practicable to lay the foundation of half a dozen beet sugar mills in the country? To begin the weaving of linen goods, and to teach our farmers that they may produce all the flax fiber as fast as required? To start a ramie industry in a small way and teach the process to those who will engage in it? Will not our silk men put a velvet industry into operation as a germ from which a future industry may grow? And we might name a hundred other lesser enterprises which have hardly name in this country, but every one of which is needed and will add to the wealth of the people. Replanting and Transplanting Teeth. Dr. G. R. Thomas, of Detroit, in the current number of the , states that this operation of "replanting" has become so common with him, and the results so uniformly satisfactory, that he does not hesitate to perform it on any tooth in the mouth, if the case demands it; and he finds the cases that demand it, and the number that he operates upon, continually multiplying. Dental Cosmos He makes it a point to examine the end of the roots of nearly all his cases of abscessed teeth; and a record of more than 150 cases, with but one loss (and that in the mouth of a man so timid that he utterly refused to bear the pain which nearly always follows for a few minutes, therefore necessitating re-extraction), convinces him that the operation is not only practical, but decidedly beneficial to both patient and operator. For one sitting is all that he has ever really found necessary to the full and complete restoration of the case. In the present article, however, Dr. Thomas states that it is his object not so much to speak of replanting as of transplanting, which he has reason to believe is just as practical, so far as the mere re-attachment is concerned, as is replanting. He details, in illustration, a case in which he successfully performed the operation; inserting in the mouth of a gentleman, who had lost a right superior cuspidate, a solid and healthy tooth that he had removed from a lady's mouth four weeks previously. He opened into canal and pulp chamber of the tooth, from the apex of the root only; cut the end off one eighth of an inch (it being that much too long), reduced the size somewhat in the center of the root (it being a trifle larger than the root extracted), filled and placed it in position. He states that the occlusion, shape, and color were perfect, so much so that several dentists who saw the case were not able to distinguish the transplanted tooth from the others. The two features in the case that he calls particular attention to are: first, that although the tooth had been in his office four weeks, there is to-day no perceptible change in color; and second, that the re-attachment is as perfect as though it had been transplanted or replanted the same day of extraction. The operation was performed about three months ago. Dr. Thomas knows of but two obstacles in the way of the perfect practicability of "transplanting:" first, the difficulty of obtaining the proper teeth at the proper time; and second, the possibility of inoculation. The latter is the more formidable of the two, and, to escape the ills that might follow, the greatest caution is necessary. The first difficulty is more easily gotten over, for it is not necessary that the tooth transplanted should correspond exactly in shape and size to the one extracted; if it is too large, it may be carefully reduced; or if too small, new osseous deposit will supply the deficiency. Neither is it necessary, as we have seen, that the transplanted tooth should be a freshly extracted one. As a demonstration of what modern dental surgery is capable of performing Dr. Thomas' statements are very interesting; it is doubtful, however, whether popular prejudice will allow this practice of "transplanting" to become of much use. American Institute Exhibition. For forty-seven years the American Institute of New York has opened its doors and invited American inventors and manufacturers to exhibit their productions; and again this year it renews its invitation to all. To such as wish to reach the capitalist and consumer, they must admit that New York is the place. For details apply to the General Superintendent by mail or otherwise. On the 22d of June, cloud bursts occurred in the mountains northeast of San Buenaventura, Cal., causing the Ventura river to pour down such a volume of muddy water that the ocean was discolored for a distance of six miles. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Various (2013). Scientific American, Vol. XXXIX. No. 6. [New Series.], August 10, 1878. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/19406/pg19406-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

The Edison Carbon Telephone and Hughes' Microphone

Scientific American Supplement, No. 392, July 7, 1883 by Various, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . REDUCTION OF OXIDIZED IRON BY CARBONIC OXIDE. here REDUCTION OF OXIDIZED IRON BY CARBONIC OXIDE. IT is well known that when the heat is sufficient, carbonic oxide reduces the oxide of iron to metal with the production of carbon dioxide (carbonic acid). On the other hand, at lower temperatures carbon dioxide oxidizes metallic iron, forming carbonic oxide. J. Lowthian Bell's celebrated researches (see SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, p. 199, March 31, 1883) established the point of equilibrium where in the presence of both monoxide and dioxide the reducing action of the one just counterbalances the oxidizing action of the other. At the suggestion of Prof. R. Akermann, of Stockholm, C.G. Särnstrom has conducted a similar series of forty-five experiments, the expense being borne by the Jernkontor. About 1 gramme of oxide of iron was placed in a porcelain boat, and slid in a porcelain tube 18 millimeters (¾ inch) in diameter and 635 millimeters long (25 inches). This was exposed to the action of a current of mixed carbon dioxide and monoxide made by heating oxalic acid and concentrated sulphuric acid. It was mixed with carbon dioxide as required, then analyzed, and preserved in gasometers holding 66 liters. Before using, it is passed over phosphorus and chloride of calcium, and through sulphuric acid. The porcelain tube and boat were heated to from 300° to 600° C. (572° to 1,652° Fahr.) while the gases were passing, and then the state of oxidation determined. It was found that the larger the quantity of dioxide the higher the degree of oxidation, and the larger the proportion of monoxide the lower the degree of oxidation. The details of the experiment indicate that a saving of fuel in the blast furnace could best be accomplished by the use of a very hot blast, introducing some carbon monoxide into the blast, provided, of course, that this gas can be made outside of the blast furnace more cheaply than inside of it. Nevertheless, 643 lb. of carbon must be burned to every 1,000 lb. of iron reduced, if carbonic oxide is exclusively employed.-- . Stahl und Eisen About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Various (2005). Scientific American Supplement, No. 392, July 7, 1883. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/8742/pg8742-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

REDUCTION OF OXIDIZED IRON BY CARBONIC OXIDE 

Scientific American Supplement, No. 392, July 7, 1883 by Various, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . THE PRESERVATION OF MEAT BY CARBONIC ACID. here THE PRESERVATION OF MEAT BY CARBONIC ACID. Since 1874, when Professor Kolbe, of Leipsic, first published his results on the antiseptic action of salicylic acid, he has made many efforts to apply this acid to the preservation of meat, but he has invariably found that after the lapse of a few days an unpleasant flavor has been developed, which is not that of putridity. If putrid changes be noticed, it is a sign that salicylic acid is in insufficient quantity, for where it has turned putrid the meat is found to be no longer acid, but alkaline. This leads to the assumption that meat is protected from change by acids, even by gases of that kind; and in fact it was noticed that beef--from 2 to 5 kilos. being taken--when placed in an earthen vessel and loosely covered with a wooden cover, was long preserved from putridity if the bottom of the vessel contained some hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, or aqueous sulphurous acid. The meat, however, no longer had the taste of fresh meat, but of such as had long lain in ice. Experiments were therefore made with carbonic acid, and these proved highly successful. The meat was placed in a cylinder of metal plate, and suspended from a rod which crossed the upper part and the lower part. A small tube serves to admit a current of carbonic acid from a Kipp's apparatus. The lid, which rested in a circular trough of glycerine, was traversed by a similar tube in its center, and both tubes could be closed with India-rubber tubing and screw taps as soon as sufficient carbonic acid gas had traversed the apparatus. At the end of seven, fourteen, and twenty-one days it was found that the meat was still quite good, and the soup prepared from it was in every respect excellent. At the end of the fourth or fifth week the meat thus preserved in the gas was still quite free from all putridity; but the broth prepared from it no longer tasted so well as fresh bouillon. The experiments were not extended over a longer time. Carbonic acid is thus shown to be an excellent means of preserving beef from putridity and of causing it to retain its good taste for several weeks. Mutton does not preserve so well. In eight days it had become putrid; and veal is by no means so well preserved as beef. The comportment of beef in an atmosphere of carbonic acid, to which carbonic oxide has been added, is curious. A number of cylinders were filled in the usual way with such a mixture and opened at the end of two or three weeks; in each case the flesh had the smell and taste of good, pure meat, but it was not of the gray color which meat preserved in carbonic acid gas gradually takes, but appeared in the interior, as well as on the outside, of a bright flesh-red color, and on the surface here and there, there were white round masses of fungoid growth of the size of a 20-pfenning piece, which were removed with the slightest rubbing. The flesh lying just below these was found to have the same bright red color as that already described. Meat which had been for three weeks in such a gas mixture gave a broth which, in good taste and freshness, could hardly be distinguished from freshly-made bouillon; and the boiled meats could not be distinguished either in appearance or taste. The property of carbonic acid to preserve meat suggests a use for the large supplies of this gas evolved from the earth in many localities. And it is as interesting to determine in how far the gas could be of service as an antiseptic during surgical operations. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Various (2005). Scientific American Supplement, No. 392, July 7, 1883. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/8742/pg8742-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

THE PRESERVATION OF MEAT BY CARBONIC ACID

Marrying and impact is nothing new. From dynamic and value chain traceability to the exploration of mechanisms like quadratic funding for public goods, the fusion of technology and impact continues to break new ground. web3 NFTs Now, there’s another innovation in the spotlight: . Born out of research by Protocol Labs started in the middle of last year, the new protocol answers the difficult question: How can we better align incentives to work on impactful work that might not have a business model or might be viewed as high-risk but potentially high upside? hypercerts Hypercerts propose a solution: Displaying impact on chain. As fractionalized, semi-fungible tokens, they enable the capture, definition, and representation of impact recorded on an immutable ledger. Such an improvement in transparency and evaluation structure paves the way for a better understanding of positive impact, fueling more funding and recognition. And, with a dash of retrospective funding magic, hypercerts’ ultimate goal is to empower humans to rather than mere intentions—by actually providing resources after the fact. fund tangible impact So, how exactly do hypercerts work, and how can they transform areas like carbon credits? Hypercert: The new public good primitive Leveraging , hypercerts’ creators defined a single hypercerts standard. Users can thus populate the tokens with unique information and create various classes of hypercerts—all managed within a single smart contract. This way, the hypercerts protocol represents a single, open, shared, and decentralized database for different impact funding mechanisms. ERC-1155 The philosophy is straightforward: Today’s economic systems don’t reflect what we value as humans, such as environmental and social well-being. Yet, we do have the power to design systems that guide our actions and reward the outcomes we desire. Hypercerts present an opportunity to establish structures that favor positive impact, support the funding of important causes, and implement transparent, trustworthy evaluation methods, effectively bridging the traditional divide between private and public sectors. NFTs have shown us that powerful and dynamic marketplaces can exist in the web3 world when the right tools are employed. By combining human values with large-scale structures, we can make a significant difference in our societies. Hypercerts facilitate coordination, laying the groundwork for various decision and funding mechanisms, including quadratic voting/funding, auctions, voting, bounties, grants, and more. And, while they don’t solve the coordination issues on their own, they do provide a solid foundation for these diverse strategies. The ability to “enable” makes hypercerts a great . In the context of web3, Francesco Renzi from Superfluid as a fundamental functionality upon which everything else is built. For example, in the automotive world, the wheel is a primitive that enables the construction of cars. So, introducing more primitives allows for the development of entirely new systems. public good primitive describes a primitive Therefore, hypercerts empower people to identify impactful work, leading to the creation of new building blocks for assessing community values, determining the most influential work, and, ultimately, enabling the development of novel utilities on top of these foundations. And for funders, hypercerts provide a convenient way to “put their wallet where their values are.” How do hypercerts work? Hypercerts serve as an interoperable data layer, creating a standardized method to capture key information about work intended to have a positive impact. Each token represents a claim detailing the scope of work performed by specific contributors within a given time frame and the scope of impact achieved during a specified period. Gitcoin has already retrospectively granted hypercert fractions to anyone who participated with at least $1 DAI in its Alpha Grants Round (in January) and Beta Grants Round (in April). All the metadata was stored on IPFS; the hypercerts protocol itself lives on Optimism (though you can also experiment with it on Ethereum’s Goerli Testnet). Each hypercert contains information about: The scope of work and its corresponding impact Time frames for both the work and its impact Contributors involved in the project Rights obtained through hypercert ownership Let’s look at how hypercert funding can work step by step Each effort involves various stakeholders: beneficiaries, contributors, prospective funders, retrospective funders, and evaluators. To receive funds, contributors develop an impact activity, create hypercerts defining the impact they aim to achieve and obtain funding from prospective funders. Upon minting the hypercerts, fractions are awarded to the prospective funders in—this is the initial, highest-risk stage. As the project progresses and creates impact, funders enter the scene to finance evaluators, who then assess the impact on beneficiaries. Evaluators create and publicize impact reports, allowing retrospective funders to compare the project’s goals with their results. This process can lead to the disbursement of award funds based on any further retrospective funding. At that point, the interesting thing is that hypercerts represent , enabling multiple evaluations to point to the same hypercert, increasing the variety of methodologies used, and allowing evaluations to differ over time. This, naturally, facilitates learning about the most effective impact assessment methodologies over time. completed work With an evaluation layer embedded into the semi-fungible “NFTs”, contributors must clearly define their goals and commitments beforehand, making evaluators’ jobs much easier. This separates the interests of projects and evaluators, as independent impact evaluators can remain neutral and are incentivized to develop a reputation for credibility. For hypercerts, ideal funders are then those who care about impact and seek to fund projects with credible impact claims and high-quality evaluations from reputable evaluators. For example, they could establish an impact evaluation pool, allocating a percentage of funding to reward impact evaluations for all projects under their consideration. If they choose to support an effort with retrospective funding, they can buy more hypercerts fractions from contributors and even the prospective funders who retain a fraction of their hypercerts. This mechanism has a crucial role: It allows contributors to work now, anticipating future cash flow for their positive impact, effectively "borrowing" from future funding. This approach incentivizes them to undertake public goods projects with uncertain yet potentially high impact and promotes a more efficient market by evaluating impactful outcomes post-hoc. We spoke to Carl Cervone, Holke Brammer, and Raymond Cheng, some of the key minds behind the hypercert protocol, about what happens at the very last step—once the contributors receive retrospective funding. Raymond shares that it’s the projects themselves that must decide how to use their funding best, often applying it to support ongoing operations and development. The way projects utilize funding will likely contribute to their overall reputation, as funding events on impact claims are expected to be a regular occurrence. According to Carl, retrospective funding supports various project needs, including compensating contributors, funding the next phase of work, or prospectively repaying backers who financed the work. The long-term goal is to encourage more people to do good work without waiting for grant proposals. Let’s talk carbon credits Carbon credits provide financial incentives for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by assigning a monetary value to the cost of polluting air. Since their trade began in 1997, they have become a key instrument for fighting climate change. But even today, carbon offsets continue to face significant challenges, such as a lack of standardization and methodology, low trust in credit quality, and fragmented marketplaces. But hypercerts could change that. Hypercerts offer a new perspective on carbon credits, democratizing the process and adding more rigor to evaluations. By addressing many of the Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) challenges, they facilitate a more effective, trustworthy system for verifying and registering environmental impact. As Carl Cervone explains, hypercerts capture the work that was done, but there is still often still a need to evaluate the impact of the work. For example, we could create a hypercert for planting 10 trees. If you buy the hypercert, then you would own any impact that comes from our work. But someone would still need to measure how much carbon those trees removed. From water preservation to biodiversity, hypercerts force participants to fit their proposed impact into a framework, making it easier to incentivize or feel comfortable providing the funding. This allows contributors to better manage both capital and operating costs. For projects like tree planting, while the initial cost may not be high, the cost of maintaining the project can be significant. Hypercerts become a means to secure upfront funding to cover these costs and continue funding the sequestration process through the sale of additional fractions as the project starts generating impact. Yet, in order for that to happen successfully, there should be more transparency around how credits are created and where they are sourced from. Hypercerts can’t help us access data points to create this provenance and make sure that the data is verifiable. Imagine a small community starting a reforestation venture. They don’t have much capital, but with hypercerts, they can still secure initial funding for the project. As the trees grow and sequester carbon, the community sells more hypercert fractions, funding ongoing sustenance and further tree planting. This way, the community is incentivized to maintain the project for the long term, while backers can trust their contributions are making a real, measurable impact. It’s the retrospective funding piece that makes it really interesting. It encourages anyone to start working on a project—such as agroforestry—much like academic research. Let’s say a small-scale farmer or landowner wants to restore a degraded piece of land, knowing it has the potential to sequester huge amounts of carbon. They might think twice if they can't get money upfront or know for sure they'll earn carbon credits later. Without guaranteed upfront funding or the assurance of carbon credits, they may be reluctant to embark on this journey. With hypercerts, the landowner can begin the restoration work with the understanding that they will be able to generate and sell carbon credits based on the actual amount of carbon their project sequesters. As the project progresses and the land begins to recover, storing more carbon, the landowner can sell more fractions. If a contributor believes in their project’s potential, hypercerts can provide ongoing funding for maintenance and further restoration. Funders, on the other hand, can easily access the impact data of the project they fund, linking their funding directly to quantifiable carbon sequestration. This brings a more intuitive way to understand the information that’s being put in front of them. Simply put, hypercerts confront your impact goals with the results—so you can see all the information for yourself. So, where does this leave us? We believe that hypercerts do more than just legitimize carbon credits funding—they unlock projects previously deemed unviable due to a lack of initial funding. They represent a step toward a more inclusive, diverse impact dynamic, and we’re eager to see the ripples they create—in carbon and beyond. - By & Nicholas Edmonds Tereza Bizkova

What Are Hypercerts & How Can They Transform Impact Certification? (+ Carbon Credits Example)

As environmental consciousness grows globally, the demand for renewable and sustainable energy becomes increasingly pressing. However, a significant gap persists in harnessing the full potential of emerging technologies, like , to meet global climate sustainability objectives. blockchain For starters, blockchain can help create a revolutionizing solution market of globally accessible and decentralized carbon credits. Moreover, can address numerous challenges traditional grid operators face, especially those related to data transparency and immutability. blockchain-driven smart contracts But before delving deeper into blockchain’s transformative role in renewable energy and its ability to facilitate a decentralized carbon market and beyond, it’s important to grasp the fundamental concepts that underpin this technology. How Does Blockchain Facilitate the Decentralized Carbon Market and Beyond? Blockchain technology relies on decentralized ledgers, which form an immutable digital database across a peer-to-peer network. It functions as a digital notary, creating an auditable and transparent record of energy production and consumption. Immutability Blockchain’s immutability property allows it to create end-to-end encrypted records beyond alteration. This inherent security feature enables the technology to resist fraud and malicious activities effectively. As a result, consumers can trace back renewable energy units to their origin without the risk of data tampering. Transparency In practice, blockchain’s unmatched clarity and traceability allow consumers to verify that their energy comes from authentic renewable sources through unchangeable, time-stamped logs, which in turn bolsters consumer trust in the system. Decentralization Blockchain benefits not just big corporations and energy producers but also individuals. After all, individual and small-scale producers can generate and sell green energy, earning more credits through blockchain. Specifically, the technology enables trading mainly via peer-to-peer systems and smart grids, where , speeds up transactions, and ensures auditable records. blockchain certifies the energy source This approach reduces fossil fuel reliance, offering environmental and societal benefits by eliminating intermediaries and cutting costs. Given these perks, blockchain is rapidly being adopted in the energy sector, with the renewable market poised to grow by nearly $1 trillion from 2023 to 2030. So, who’s capitalizing on these blockchain advantages in the energy sector? The answer includes a diverse group, as major energy firms, national grid operators, and innovative startups are all making blockchain a key part of their future plans. It’s easy to see why they are so interested. After all, blockchain can offer secure, transparent, and decentralized ways to manage energy. This is a game-changer for how we handle, distribute, and even verify clean energy. The Emergence of Decentralized Carbon (Energy) Credit Markets To grasp , it’s crucial to understand energy credits, their tokenization, and their benefits to various stakeholders. blockchain’s role in renewable energy Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) signify clean energy generated by sources like solar or wind. However, they act as proof of renewable energy generation, not the actual energy itself. For example, consider a wind facility that produces 5MWh of electricity, which equals 5 RECs. These RECs can now either be retained by the facility or sold to businesses unable to adopt renewable technologies, thereby driving up demand, especially among companies with environmental goals. And given the rising interest in renewable technologies and the flexibility that RECs offer, it’s not surprising that the market for these credits is expanding. Statistically speaking, data from S&P Global Market Intelligence shows that the U.S. REC market is set to grow from $11.45 billion in 2021 to $26.5 billion in 2030. Real Life Use Cases 1. Blockchain Reducing Carbon Footprints Climate Watch, drawing on data from the International Energy Agency, reveals that traditional energy consumption is responsible for of greenhouse gas emissions, with 40% of that coming from electricity used in homes and offices. more than three-fourths This data makes one thing absolutely clear: we need new solutions, and we need them urgently. This is where Blockchain-powered decentralized carbon markets come into the picture, as they can reverse harmful environmental impacts by enhancing traceability and efficiency in carbon trading. To better understand these markets, it’s essential to know that blockchain improves traceability for more efficient carbon tracking and trading, and buying carbon credits can fund projects that lower global emissions. And these advantages of blockchain technology are not just theoretical – they are being put into practice right now. According to the latest data, are using blockchain to benefit nearly 10 million people vulnerable to climate change. A standout among these is Toucan, a DeFi project launched in October 2021, as it allows users to buy carbon credits linked to a tradeable digital token called BCT. over 500 projects Not only has the BCT token achieved a market cap of over $41 million within just three months of its launch, but it has also facilitated carbon credit trades worth more than $101 million in that same time frame. 2. Blockchain in Solar Energy The is a local energy marketplace that lets residential and commercial solar panel owners—termed ‘prosumers’—sell excess solar energy to neighbors, offering a greener alternative to traditional energy sources. To streamline this local trade, the project employs blockchain and introduced Exergy, a specialized data platform. Brooklyn Microgrid Similarly, in Australia, runs the VB Solar Exchange program, allowing participants to trade excess solar energy for VB Beer. All participants have to do here is use their blockchain-enabled xGrid platform, which enables households and businesses to sell surplus energy across the grid and also provides accurate tracking and a secure audit trail. Powerledger 3. Wind Energy and Blockchain The Spain-based has initiated a to certify a fully renewable energy supply chain. This not only confirms the green origins of their energy but also boosts transaction security, traceability, and efficiency. Iberdrola Group blockchain-based pilot program To put this into practice, the group has linked wind farms in Oiz and Maranchón and the San Esteban hydroelectric plant, with facilities including the offices of Kutxabank and Euskaltel, the Iberdrola Tower in Bilbao, and their Madrid campus. This setup allows Iberdrola to ensure that the electricity consumed at these facilities is not just clean but also traceable back to its renewable sources. Massive Opportunities Blockchain’s utility extends beyond tracking and trading of surplus renewable energy – it also plays a significant role in the Electric Vehicle (EV) sector. EV batteries can store excess energy and sell it back to the grid, providing owners with a quicker return on investment. Moreover, blockchain ensures secure financial record-keeping in this context, thanks to its permanent ledger and advanced algorithms. However, blockchain’s scope is not limited to EVs alone. It is revolutionizing Smart Grid Management, too, by replacing outdated systems with more efficient mechanisms. And when paired with IoT sensors, blockchain aids in precise carbon emissions monitoring, a crucial factor in today’s focus on sustainability. These varied applications show how blockchain is steering humanity toward a greener, more renewable energy ecosystem. However, it’s worth noting that the technology has also sparked some debates regarding its own energy use. Bitcoin’s Energy Usage Debate Bitcoin is not only the most popular but also the most representative asset in the crypto space. And according to the data maintained and updated regularly by the Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, the estimated annualized consumption of the global Bitcoin Network could be more than 150 TWh on average in a single day but could go as high as more than 255 TWh. Standalone, may seem high, but it’s important to contextualize these figures. For instance, in 2019, the global transport industry consumed 420 TWh of electricity, while residential and commercial sectors consumed more than 6,000 TWh and 4,800 TWh, respectively. blockchain’s energy consumption Altogether, if we look at 2019 data, the world’s total electricity consumption was 22,848 TWh. On that scale, the bitcoin industry’s consumption of 153 TWh is merely 0.7% of the global value. But despite this relatively small percentage, concerns over its energy-intensive processes persist. Bitcoin’s high energy consumption comes from its proof-of-work mining, unlike Ethereum, which cut its energy use by nearly 100% by switching to a proof-of-stake model. In light of this, Greenpeace, in collaboration with the Environmental Working Group, has launched a campaign advocating for a shift in Bitcoin’s mining algorithm. The Road Ahead – Challenges and Opportunities Blockchain is revolutionizing renewable energy, yet it hasn’t reached its full potential. To gain broader acceptance, the technology first needs to meet certain benchmarks: it must be secure, fast, and scalable. This focus on technical enhancement is critical, especially as long-term investment becomes a key consideration for stakeholders. After all, robust regulation and stable asset prices are essential factors that attract these long-term investors. In addition to financial considerations, there’s also the matter of legal clarity—specifically, the regulatory challenges that arise at the intersection of energy production and blockchain. To navigate this, a clear and efficient regulatory framework is crucial. Such a framework would pave the way for the development of a decentralized energy system, complete with optimal infrastructure and fair prices. Despite these hurdles, it’s undeniable that blockchain is already making a substantial impact on the energy sector. Through the automation of RECs, the support of P2P microgrids, and the elimination of the need for intermediaries, blockchain is and reducing waste. enhancing efficiency Therefore, as the global focus shifts more toward renewable energy, the role of blockchain is proving to be increasingly promising for a cleaner, sustainable, and more efficient future. Also published . here

Blockchain's Green Revolution: Transforming Renewable Energy and Decentralized Carbon Markets

Venom Foundation, a leader in blockchain technology adoption in regulated markets, is thrilled to announce the signing of a momentous Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the UAE Government to develop and implement the National Carbon Credit System. This landmark partnership represents a significant step towards leveraging blockchain technology to address environmental challenges and promote sustainability on a national scale. This revolutionary collaboration underscores the UAE's unwavering commitment to bolstering transparency, reliability, and efficiency in carbon emission management, while using the next-generation blockchain technology of Venom and in doing so, propelling the nation towards its ambitious climate targets of a 40% reduction in carbon emissions by 2030. The Venom blockchain itself is carbon neutral. The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between the Ministry of Climate Change and Environment (MCCE), the Industrial Innovation Group, and Venom Foundation outlines four strategic objectives: reducing emissions, promoting sustainable agriculture, enhancing environmental health, and conserving biodiversity. As part of this partnership, Venom will actively participate in realizing a greener future. Taryam Matar Taryam, CEO of Industrial Innovation Group, affirmed their dedication to sustainable development, "For Industrial Innovation Group, it is a great honor to contribute to the creation of the United Arab Emirates” first National Carbon Credit Registry System together with Venom. The Industrial Innovation Group steadfastly adheres to sustainable development goals and endeavors to reduce environmental impact, including through decarbonization, as global climate change is closely linked to the increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. With over 30 years of experience, Industrial Innovation Group has a long history of creating large-scale national registries related to identification processes and excels in developing sustainable pathways for various business sectors, conceptualizing carbon removal initiatives, generating project documentation for different carbon credit registries, and effectively managing, monitoring, and reporting on carbon utilization projects." Peter Knez, Chair of the Foundation Council at Venom Foundation, commented, "We are honored and excited to join hands with the UAE Government to build the National Carbon Credit System. At Venom, we believe that blockchain technology has the potential to drive real-world impact, and this initiative perfectly embodies that vision. Together, we are committed to creating a sustainable future and pioneering solutions that positively influence the global climate." Venom’s success is driven by its groundbreaking technology, strict regulatory compliance, and a scalable and secure platform that serves a wide range of use cases. As the MOU between Venom and the UAE Government comes into effect, both entities eagerly anticipate the successful launch and implementation of the National Carbon Credit System. This historic partnership exemplifies the potential of blockchain technology in advancing environmental initiatives and reinforces the commitment to building a more sustainable and eco-friendly future. About Venom Foundation: Venom Foundation, operating as a decentralized network licensed by the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM), is at the forefront of driving the advancement of global Web3 projects. As the world's first compliant blockchain, Venom provides a secure environment for investors and financial services firms, offering the freedom to build, innovate, and expand. Under the jurisdiction of the ADGM, Venom serves as a trusted platform for authorities and enterprises, ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements. To enhance its capabilities, Venom has developed a range of in-house decentralized applications (dApps) and protocols on its blockchain. With features such as dynamic sharding, low fees, high-speed transactions, and scalability, Venom has the potential to serve as the foundational infrastructure for a thriving global ecosystem of Web3 applications. Its exceptional transaction speeds and limitless scalability enable it to meet the evolving needs of a rapidly growing user base. Disclaimer: This is not a financial promotion. Contact: Jonathan, pr@venomtech.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Brand As An Author Program. Learn more about the program here: https://business.hackernoon.com/brand-as-author

Venom Foundation Joins Forces with UAE to Rollout National Carbon Credit System 

Venom Foundation une fuerzas con los Emiratos Árabes Unidos para implementar el Sistema Nacional de Créditos de Carbono

La Venom Foundation s'associe aux Émirats arabes unis pour déployer le système national de crédit carbone

वेनम फाउंडेशन ने राष्ट्रीय कार्बन क्रेडिट प्रणाली शुरू करने के लिए संयुक्त अरब अमीरात के साथ हाथ मिलाया है

ヴェノム財団がUAEと協力して国家炭素クレジットシステムを展開

Venom Foundation une forças com os Emirados Árabes Unidos para lançar o sistema nacional de crédito de carbono

Tổ chức Venom hợp tác với UAE để triển khai hệ thống tín dụng carbon quốc gia

Venom 基金会与阿联酋联手推出国家碳信用体系

A Guide to Managing Dates and Times in PHP Using Carbon

Making your app, website, product, or service carbon-neutral is easier (and cheaper) than you might think! Frankly, it’s so easy and cheap that everyone should be doing it. It feels good! Here’s how to go Carbon Neutral. 1. Find Out How Much Electricity Is Needed As difficult as it sounds, you can use common “proxy metrics” which will give a reasonable estimate. One such “proxy metric” you can use to derive how much electricity you need to offer your service is the amount of traffic your app or site has. Traffic in terms of (giga-) bytes. The gigabytes (GB) your app or site generates may be an estimate itself. Unless you’ve got access to logs and monitor this carefully, you may use tools like webpagetest.org, lighthouse, or similar to get an idea of how many bytes a one-page view generates. From here, things get a little easier thanks to other people’s efforts. There are mainly two models you can follow: the , “ ”, and the (SWD). 1-byte model by spend Sustainable Web Design model I’d recommend the SWD model because it’s very broad, top-down, flexible, and transparent, and it’s relatively compliant with other standards in the space, such as the GHG protocol for reporting scopes. An Example to Estimate Electricity Spend The formula used by SWD is: Electricity = [Data Transfer per Visit (new visitors) in GB x 0.81 kWh/GB x 0.75] + [Data Transfer per Visit (returning visitors) in GB x 0.81 kWh/GB x 0.25 x 0.02] Let’s say loading a representative page on your website weighs 3 MB everything included. Your website has 1000 visits per month. 70% are new users, and 30% are returning users (they have some HTML, CSS, js images, etc. in their browser cache, so they’re downloading only 2%). Then the formula would be: (0.003 GB x 0.81 kWh/GB x 0.7) + (0.003 GB x 0.81 kWh/GB x 0.3 x 0.02) = 0.00171558 kWh/visit. (The 0.81 kWh/GB and 0.02 are defaults from the SWD model and can be changed if you have better data) To arrive at a yearly estimate for electricity needs in our example, the formula is then: 1000 visits x 0.00171558 kWh x 12 months = 20.59 kWh. 2. Find Out How Much CO2 the Electricity Generated To figure out how much CO2 emissions the 0.00057186 kWh cause, you can use services like to find the carbon intensity of electricity. This varies drastically around the globe. Electricity Maps In Norway, the carbon intensity of 1 kWh is 25 grams CO2e, while in India and many US states it’s well above 700 grams CO2e. The SWD model uses a global average of 442 grams CO2e/kWh. This number can be adjusted to where your data center is geographically located, whether it’s powered by renewable energy, and where your users are located. Using the default, 442 g/kWh, our example looks like this: 20.59 kWh x 442 g/kWh = 9099 g CO2e = 9.1 kg CO2e. Our website has a yearly carbon footprint of 9.1 kg CO2e. (Which is about the same as driving a modern fossil car 74.40 km) 3. Buy Carbon Offsets In order to claim carbon neutrality, our example site must make up for the 3 kg CO2e. This is done by “offsetting”. You need to buy “ ” to compensate for your emissions. This business is, to be honest, a little prone to scams. carbon offsets To avoid this article being too long, I’ll just say; do research, make calls, send emails, look for companies offering projects verified by Gold Standard, Verified Carbon Standard and Climate Action Reserve. Look at . google for potential places to buy From good vendors with good projects offsetting 1 metric tonne (MT) of CO2e, costs are in the range of $16 – $30. Back to our example. What’s the cost of compensating for the emissions of our website? 0.003 tonne CO2e x $30 = $0.27 per year …honestly, everyone can afford $0.27 per year for a site with 12000 visits per year. Conclusion Yes, the calculation is not accurate and not perfect. It’s a qualified guess based on the data we have available. However, we have to start somewhere. The SWD model, the 1 byte model, or even a “by spend” models (emission by money spent running your app or site) are all great places to start figuring out the carbon footprint. The rest is so easy and so cheap that everyone should do it! As a closing note, many hosting providers already have a sustainability policy, and many are even already offsetting their operations. Make sustainability an evaluation criterion when you select your vendors. A good place to start looking is list. The Green Web Foundation’s

Make Your App or Site Carbon Neutral in 3 Steps

Nowadays a lot of websites and apps offer the service of calculating your carbon emissions and the ways to offset them. The websites and apps providing such services have various types of APIs at their disposal, and here are some of the most popular ones. Cloverly API Cloverly API offers you to offset carbon emissions by calculating the amount you produced. It can assess carbon emissions in several categories: Ecommerce (emissions from shipping a package), Freight (emissions from freight shipping), Travel (emissions from air travel, use of personal vehicles and hotel stays), and Utility (electricity and fuel). Cloverly API is used by several websites and services, for example Aclymate, a software platform that help companies to become more sustainable. AwardWallet Email Parsing API AwardWallet Email Parsing API collects information from users’ emails which then can be used to calculate carbon emissions. The good thing about that is that users do not need to enter any details manually, because the process is automated if they give their consent. The API parses any travel related data, such as flights, train trips, cruises, car rentals, hotel stays and more. AwardWallet Email Parsing API is used by a variety of companies, but its greenest partners are probably AirCare and Bearth. Carbon API Carbon API collects information about different types of carbon emissions, such as: energy consumption, air travel, freight, shipment, logistics, fuel consumption, ground and marine transport. It then processes the data and returns the result in kilos of carbon. Climatiq API Climatiq API is focused mainly on business operations, so it’s a great option for corporations. The API calculates carbon emissions produced by transportation and logistics, purchased goods and services, computer use, energy consumption, flights and air cargo, supply chain.  The Climatiq API is already used by Celonis, a global company that specializes in process mining helping other companies to improve their business operations. Lune API Lune API provides its partners with the ability to estimate carbon emissions and offset them via environmental projects. The types of carbon emissions include: air travel, shipping, transactions, electricity consumption, company emissions (office-related emissions, employee transportation, food, drinks, electronic equipment and computing or networking operations).  Lune API is used by Budbee, a sustainable delivery company which takes environmental issues rather seriously and mostly uses vehicles working on electricity or renewable diesel. GreenStory API GreenStory API is a good fit for online and offline stores who want to become greener. It calculates and offsets the product’s carbon emission at all stages: production, shipping and use. Greenstory API is already used by such famous brands as Esprit and Pangaia. The list goes on as more environmental APIs emerge by the minute, but these are the ones that will add sustainability to your app. Carbon footprint APIs help both companies and users to track and offset their carbon input while also help the community by supporting the environmental projects. I hope that the implementation of at least one of these APIs will spur the growth of your product and provide you with tools for further development.

Help Users Determine Their Carbon Footprint With These APIs

Transportation is a major contributor to carbon emissions, which contribute to climate change and have negative impacts on the environment and human health. According to the International Energy Agency, the transportation sector accounted for about 23% of energy-related CO2 emissions in 2019. One way to reduce carbon emissions is by digitalizing high-pollution cars. That’s what we do in NFTCars. What are NFTCar NFTs? Our solution at NFTCars is to reduce the global carbon footprint by converting high-pollution cars into carbon credits through the use of NFTs. This is achieved by purchasing a high-pollution car, scrapping it in such a way that none of its parts can be reused, and generating an NFT for the car. This NFT represents the reduction of the car's carbon footprint and can be used as a carbon credit. How do we calculate CO2 removed by cars we have scrapped? The carbon footprint of a car is calculated by determining the amount of CO2 a car will emit over the next ten years. This is done by taking into account the car's age, mileage, and average fuel consumption. The average CO2 emission per liter of fuel burned is 2.3 kg/CO2. By determining the future emissions of the car, a certain number of NFTs can be assigned to it. Each NFT represents the removal of 1.25 tons of CO2. Why NFT technology? One advantage of NFT cars is their ability to be easily transported, verified, stored and traded digitally. This makes them attractive for collectors who may not have the space or resources to store and maintain physical vehicles. In addition, NFT cars can be easily bought and sold online, making them more accessible to a wider audience of collectors. With NFTCars, everybody can verify which car has been removed, car mileage, fuel consumption, and removed future carbon emissions emitted. With use of NFTs everybody can verify their carbon footprint reduction. Carbon Footprint Calculator. NFTCar.io offers a comprehensive carbon calculator for measuring and offsetting an individual or organization's carbon footprint. The calculator includes options for calculating emissions from flights, driving, and buildings. The calculator calculates your total emissions released from driving, traveling, or real estate you own and then converts emissions to the NFTs with a conversion rate of 1 NFT equals 1.25 tons of CO2 reduced. Try NFTCar Ultimate Carbon Calculator: . https://www.nftcar.io/carbon-calculator How does Ultimate Footprint Calculator calculate emissions? The car footprint calculator is based on the user's driving mileage and the fuel consumption per 100 km of the car. The emissions produced by the car are converted into NFTs, so users can see how many NFTs they need to buy to offset their emissions to 0. The flight carbon footprint calculator allows users to determine the emissions produced by a flight, in terms of CO2, over an air mileage. It uses 90 grams of carbon emitted per passenger per flight-  This information is used to compare the emissions of scrapped cars and calculate how many NFTs are needed to offset the emissions to 0. The carbon footprint of a building can be calculated by taking into account various elements, such as the thickness of the concrete floor, walls, and sealings. Typically, a building with a 20-30 cm concrete floor will have a certain level of emissions, but when other elements like walls, sealings, etc. are taken into account, the emissions produced may balance out to a 40cm floor thickness. This makes it easier to calculate and understand the carbon footprint of a building. To build a 1 m2 of building, the carbon emitted is 1 ton/CO2. The real estate carbon footprint calculator allows users to determine the emissions produced by a building, in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2), based on the building's size. The emissions produced by the building are compared with the emissions of scrapped cars, and the number of NFTs needed to offset the emissions to 0 is calculated. Visit today to learn more about how you can make a difference and reduce your carbon footprint. NFTCar.io For more information about NFTCars, follow us on or Twitter . LinkedIn @nftcar_io

What is NFTCars? How Does NFTCars Reduce Carbon Emissions?

¿Qué es NFTCars? ¿Cómo reduce NFTCars las emisiones de carbono?

Qu'est-ce que NFTCars ? Comment NFTCars réduit-il les émissions de carbone ?

एनएफटीकार्स क्या है? NFTCars कार्बन उत्सर्जन को कैसे कम करती हैं?

NFTカーズとは？ NFTCars はどのように二酸化炭素排出量を削減しますか?

O que é NFTCars? Como os carros NFT reduzem as emissões de carbono?

NFTCars là gì? NFTCars giảm lượng khí thải carbon như thế nào?

什么是 NFTCars？ NFTCars 如何减少碳排放？

Governments across the world are trying to tackle climate change. One way to do this is through the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2. As a result, they have been actively seeking ways to achieve net zero carbon emissions as envisaged in the UN climate change goal 2050- an initiative kickstarted in 1998 in the now defunct Kyoto protocol. Unfortunately, the Kyoto agreement achieved little success and was restructured into the 2015 Paris Climate agreement. Basically, the idea behind these agreements was to get governments to commit to set caps on carbon emissions and set up markets for carbon trading. While this may have started as a corporate/government endeavor to limit carbon emissions, it is slowly spilling over to basic consumers, morphing into an attempt to track individual carbon footprints and encourage the trade of carbon credits at a household or individual level. Carbon Credits Carbon Credits are defined as 1 ton of CO2 Emissions traded in the market to allow buyers to emit CO2 into the atmosphere. To get a better understanding of Carbon Credits, let’s briefly look at the Carbon Market Mechanism concept: First, a country identifies its limit of total greenhouse gas emissions. It then creates permits and assigns them to different companies within its jurisdiction with allocated carbon emission limits. The companies that can emit greenhouse gases below those limits will have a surplus of Carbon credits. Those that exceed the allocated limits will need to buy Carbon credits from the companies that ‘saved’ on carbon emissions so as to make up for their shortfall. This buying and selling of carbon credits work in the same way as stock exchanges work. Subsequently, the caps get stricter and the permits get even more expensive. This is meant to drive up the cost of emitting greenhouse gas into the atmosphere while at the same time making it expensive to buy Carbon credits from the markets. This whole scheme is also known as Cap and Trade. Europe, the US, and China are some of the regions that are currently actively trading in Carbon. It is a market that is estimated to be worth over $ 250 Billion annually. Individual Carbon Credits Recently, while speaking at the  World Economic Forum in  Davos, the president of Alibaba, J. Michael Evans, said that they are in the process of creating an app that will track Individual Carbon footprints. ” We are developing a technology that will allow consumers to monitor their carbon footprint. What will this mean? It will monitor individuals on where they are traveling, how they are traveling, and what they are eating,” he said, much to the angst of the internet population. Individual Carbon Credits will work in the same way as Cap and trade schemes. While all this conversation may be purely speculative at this stage, it is not far-fetched to think that this is the path the global elite may want us to take With individual carbon credits, people will be assigned a limit on CO2 they can emit every year based on their consumption levels, wealth, age, and even nationality. When this cap is achieved, you will need to purchase more credit from individuals who may have saved on their carbon emissions. Failure to do this may mean that you are grounded or may even face a jail term or fines. So for example, if you are assigned a specific quota of carbon emission in a year and you exuberantly squander it on travel and partying, then you will need to cut back just as you would when it comes to spending money, so as not to exhaust your limit. On the other hand, if you haven’t been active for the most part of the year, say you traveled less and ate ‘green’ products, then you may have an abundance of carbon that you can sell to other consumers. All this can be done via government-regulated or private apps that have been licensed to track individuals. In Europe, companies that are currently helping corporates and governments track carbon footprints are Plan A and Planetly. There is also an app, called Klima, that is used for individual voluntary carbon offsets- basically buying and selling of carbon credits on a voluntary basis. While these companies are currently focusing on corporate entities ( and the app works on voluntary submission), it is only a matter of time before governments legislate and insist they should also start monitoring individual carbon emissions. Is this the right way to go? Individual carbon trading will create a whole new market for trading carbon and may ultimately help in reducing carbon emissions. It will also attract investors into this industry just as they are flooding the regulated Carbon trading markets- pushing up the prices of carbon credits and making it harder for people to engage in emissions unless necessary. For example, if the price of credits is pushed higher, one will have to reconsider unnecessary travels and consumptions that may exhaust their carbon allowances. Cap and trade at an individual level will also encourage households to be cognizant of their carbon footprints and therefore put effort into saving energy. While this may look rosy and ideal, it may also lead to a dystopian society where all activities are monitored and closely tracked. Discussions are rife on what this really means and what tangent it can take. Some worry that it may mimic a social system that may strive to reward good behavior and punish bad practices. Individuals may also stop engaging in economically productive activities so as to cut their carbon footprint. Done at scale, this will have adverse effects on the growth of an economy at a macro level and may easily cascade into civil unrest. We may also experience widespread arrests as most people may find it hard to work or move within their specified limits. Just as is the case with the corporate Cap and trade systems, individual cap and trade schemes may also cause carbon leakages- a situation where people migrate to countries that are more flexible and offer better terms on carbon offsetting. This will lead to talent erosion and may adversely affect economic production. Hedge Yourself Carbon Credits have been designed in such a way that they get harder to access and their permits also get more expensive. So in the long-term, it is safe to assume that this is a market that will grow as the price of carbon credits is envisaged to keep growing- with the exception of a global catastrophe such as the 2008 economic crisis or the Covid pandemic that hindered movement thus causing a glut in carbon credits, thereby, bringing down their prices. Savvy investors can invest in projects that track carbon credit, stock up on carbon credit or even buy CBDCs from governments that are actively legislating on carbon emissions. Also published here .

It's Time for Individual Carbon Credit Allowance

Es hora de la concesión de créditos de carbono individuales

Il est temps pour l'allocation individuelle de crédit de carbone

यह व्यक्तिगत कार्बन क्रेडिट भत्ता का समय है

個別の炭素クレジットの割り当ての時が来ました

É hora da concessão individual de crédito de carbono

Đã đến lúc cho phép tín dụng carbon cá nhân

现在是个人碳信用额度的时候了

Let’s become the architects of a cleaner, greener world The cloud has a than the airline industry. With the increasing demand for software to drive commerce and industry, there is a greater urgency for data collection and storage, cloud computing, and AI to source electricity from greener energy sources and generate significantly fewer carbon emissions. bigger carbon footprint By shifting electricity consumption to times and places where electricity is cleanest, programming can mitigate climate change and ensure a cleaner and safer future for us and future generations. This is Carbon Aware Computing, and it has the potential to make software development a critical force in mitigating climate change by helping us choose and optimize carbon-free energy with climate-conscious code. Carbon Aware Computing 101 There aren’t many examples of carbon-aware computing out there - which is why events like __ __are significant in crowd-sourcing new ideas and accelerating innovation in software programming to build applications that are both climate-conscious and energy-responsive. Carbon Hack 22 Green Software Foundation __ __carbon awareness as the idea of doing more when more energy comes from low-carbon “clean” sources and doing less when more energy comes from high-carbon “dirty” sources. As developers, we can do so by measuring and responding to the carbon intensity of electricity (gCO2/kWh), which can help create code to reduce the amount of carbon emissions generated through software. discusses Carbon Computing Approaches & Application There are broadly 3 approaches: Running our software in a cleaner location; sourcing electricity from a region where there is a greater supply of cleaner energy (e.g., wind, solar, water) than others. Location Shifting: 2. Running our software at a cleaner time; when clean energy is being generated by wind, water, or solar power. Time Shifting: Running our software so it does more when electricity is clean and less when it’s dirty. Demand Shaping: Building carbon-aware applications is challenging, despite various data sources, partly because some of these sources are hard to navigate. The , a project of the Green Software Foundation’s Open Source Working Group, makes it easier. This API helps us identify, analyse and predict the carbon intensity (how green or dirty the electricity is) of our application at any given time and in any given place and create code that allows our software to pull clean energy based on location, run when the wind is blowing or enable systems to follow the sun’s rays. open source Carbon Aware API The API is extremely simple. If you visit you will see the web interface like so: https://grnsft.org/hack22/api We can hook it to APIs like and , or to our own datasets. For the duration of the Carbon Hack 22 (now until Nov 10th, 2022), the Carbon Aware API will be for developers to use. Watttime Electricty Maps hooked up to a WattTime data source What time is best to run my software? Time Shifting: When time shifting, you can use the API endpoint, providing it with the location you are interested in in the field. Currently, the location names are mapped to Azure region names. You also need to provide the time window during which you are able to move the job. The start time needs to be entered in the field, and the end of it in the field. The dates provided should be in the ISO 8601 format. /emissions/bylocations/best location time toTime You can directly request data from the API via a Curl request like so: curl -X 'GET' \

'https://carbon-aware-api.azurewebsites.net/emissions/bylocations/best?location=uksouth&time=2022-10-08T00%3A00%2B01%3A00&toTime=2022-10-08T23%3A59%2B01%3A00' \

-H 'accept: application/json' Or even just a normal HTTP GET request in the . browser As output, you will receive an array of JSON objects, with the WattTime region name for the location, time of the data, carbon intensity rating, and duration for which this data is valid (WattTime provides data in 5-minute intervals). This data will be the lowest carbon ratings for the requested location. This query looks at data from a single 24-hour window, so to get an accurate result you might want to request data for multiple days (e.g., by looking at the endpoint) and check if this is not a one-time drop in carbon intensity! /emissions/bylocations [

{

"location": "UK",

"time": "2022-10-08T00:45:00+00:00",

"rating": 351.98767912,

"duration": "00:05:00"

},

{

"location": "UK",

"time": "2022-10-08T00:40:00+00:00",

"rating": 351.98767912,

"duration": "00:05:00"

},

{

"location": "UK",

"time": "2022-10-08T00:35:00+00:00",

"rating": 351.98767912,

"duration": "00:05:00"

}

] Where is the best location to run my software? Location Shifting: When location shifting, you can use the same endpoint as previously ( ), but for this time, provide multiple locations you are interested in and a single time during which you are looking. The example query below has multiple locations provided, taking under consideration. You can provide it with a time window (similarly to time shifting) or a single time point instead, filling in the and fields. /emissions/bylocations/best uksouth, eastus, and francecentral time toTime You can directly request data from the API via a Curl request like so: curl -X 'GET' \

'https://carbon-aware-api.azurewebsites.net/emissions/bylocations/best?location=uksouth&location=eastus&location=francecentral&time=2022-10-08T09%3A00%2B01%3A00' \

-H 'accept: application/json' Or even just a normal HTTP GET request in the . browser As output, you will receive the same format of a response, with locations having the lowest carbon intensity, along with the time for that reading, the actual value of the carbon intensity, and the duration for which this data is valid. [

  {

    "location": "FR",

    "time": "2022-10-08T08:00:00+00:00",

    "rating": 242.21832558,

    "duration": "00:05:00"

  }

] How do I adjust user behaviour? Demand shaping: To implement demand shaping, use a combination of the above queries and others to determine how best to adjust the behaviour of your application. Imagine this! Imagine if you still carried out those energy-hogger ML training jobs... but only when the electricity grid powering them was running on renewables. Imagine if your washing machine only ran at the time your local grid was fully wind-powered. Imagine you wanted to run your CI pipeline simultaneously each day, but ensured it runs only in an availability zone (country) currently powered by green energy. In all these cases, you would still consume as much energy as before, but you would generate much fewer greenhouse gas emissions. Whether you are polling the Carbon Aware API, running it in a local container, or as a Command Line Tool (CLI), you can use the patterns of event-driven development to connect events in your app to triggers in the electricity grid. Your own local grid or a greener, distant one. Depending on your use cases, you can allow an entire device, computing job, or application to run exclusively on renewable energy, either by only running when the local grid is green or running only from zones currently powered by green energy. Instead of being mechanics who keep the engine of digital emissions running, let’s be the engineers who help slow it down while maybe even contributing to the rebuild. Carbon-aware computing is the next frontier of sustainable software engineering. Some of the most influential decision-makers in the industry are interested in reducing carbon emissions from software and showing that by lending their resources and contributing significant prize money to . Key players like Accenture, Avanade, Boston Consulting Group, Globant, Goldman Sachs, Intel Corporation, Thoughtworks, UBS and VMWare have their best and brightest in sustainable technology participating and are collectively contributing 100,000 USD in prize capital. Carbon Hack 22 It is now also the job of software engineers to build solutions that do less harm to both people and the planet. Carbon-aware computing is how current and future generations of software engineers can help achieve this goal. and to join nearly 350 hackers and 70 innovations in identifying and resolving barriers to software that reduces the carbon intensity of electricity. Explore the Carbon Aware API participate in Carbon Hack Written by Asim Hussain, Executive Director and Chairperson, Green Software Foundation

Our Code Is Harming The Planet, We Need Carbon Aware Design Patterns

Nuestro código está dañando el planeta, necesitamos patrones de diseño conscientes del carbono

Notre code nuit à la planète, nous avons besoin de modèles de conception sensibles au carbone

हमारा कोड ग्रह को नुकसान पहुंचा रहा है, हमें कार्बन जागरूक डिजाइन पैटर्न की आवश्यकता है

私たちの行動規範は地球に害を及ぼしています。炭素を意識した設計パターンが必要です

Nosso código está prejudicando o planeta, precisamos de padrões de design com consciência de carbono

Quy tắc của chúng tôi đang gây hại cho hành tinh, chúng tôi cần các mẫu thiết kế nhận biết carbon

我们的代码正在危害地球，我们需要碳感知设计模式

Many things that we do on this planet eventually generate the greenhouse gases that constitute the growing carbon footprint that can no longer be ignored. As governments are actively seeking ways to introduce effective measures against the threatening pace of climate change, the investors’ interest in the cleantech sector increases. The rise of green tech has inspired many entrepreneurs and scientists to step forward with innovative solutions that have the potential of reversing the damage that humanity has made to Planet Earth. As the goal of reaching “Net Zero” by 2050 still remains miraculous, technology seems to be our main hope for positive change. What Can Be Done to Reduce Carbon Footprint? ✅ Develop green air travel technologies Aviation accounts for up to 2-3% of carbon dioxide emissions. It’s much less than the amount coming from electricity or agriculture, yet these figures are much more significant than they may seem: thanks to the pandemic, the overall amount of emissions in 2020 dropped by a few hundred million tons. As since then we’ve got back to full-scale traveling, it’s pointless to hope for a reduction in air travel in the near future – so the only way to deal with it is to make it more sustainable. It’s highly unlikely that we will have access to zero-emissions air travel in the near future, but the foundation for developing such options has been set. In the future, we are likely to see more aviation companies switching to sustainable biofuel, an increasingly growing number of eclectic jets, and possibly hydrogen-powered planes. Startups to watch: Sylphaero France Country: 2020 Founding year: The company focuses on facilitating the adoption of alternative engines in aviation by developing electric batteries, propulsion systems, solar cells, and the actual engines that efficiently convert electricity into heat. What they do: Tessomo Technologies Ireland Country: 2018 Founding year: While biofuel may seem like a great alternative to traditional fossil fuels, its production may easily result in an uncompensated amount of CO2 – thus completely neutralizing the positive effect of its adoption. To fight this problem, Tessomo Technologies have introduced a solution for transforming recycled waste into liquid fuel. What they do: ZeroAvia : Britain / USA Country 2017 Founding year: This startup has already raised $140 for developing alternative flying technologies based on renewable hydrogen-powered aviation. Although its first test flights will reportedly be hybrid, the company’s vision is to make completely emission-free flights possible in the foreseeable future. What they do: ✅ Electric transport development It’s probably needless to say that cars and other vehicles moving off fossil fuel energy cause enormous damage to our climate. Although many car manufacturers have already introduced various electric alternatives to traditional means of transport, a large number of issues in this field still remain unsolvable. How do we make electric cars more affordable for the population? How long will it take to build the outstanding charging infrastructure in every location? Finally, how do we make the electric vehicle manufacturing process less harmful? These tech ventures might offer us some answers. Startups to watch: Hylico France Country: 2021 Founding year: The company offers commercial carbon-negative electric vehicles. Hylico trucks are due to be released in 2023 with a promise to run on hydrogen produced via biomass thermolysis – a process of transforming waste from the wood industry into organic charcoal fertilizer. What they do: Nowos Netherlands Country: 2019 Founding year: Nowos helps cut the need for battery manufacturing by bringing new energy to the existing batteries. The startup specializes in repairing, refurbishing, and recycling lithium batteries in order to make the electric vehicle industry more sustainable. What they do: VinFast Vietnam Country: 2017 Founding year: The company focuses on manufacturing all-electric sport-utility vehicles with a special subscription scheme for battery maintenance. The consumers signing up for the subscription are eligible for free battery maintenance and replacement as its capacity drops over time. What they do: ✅ Reduce animal product consumption Meat production is by far one of the most environmentally harmful industries. It’s one of the major causes of deforestation, loss of biodiversity, excessive water usage – and greenhouse gas emissions. Animals – particularly cows and sheep – create enormous amounts of methane as they digest food and produce manure. Overall, the meat and dairy industry is responsible for about 14,5% of global greenhouse emissions. While simply lowering the consumption of meat is already a significant step towards more sustainable agricultural practices, what would make a real difference at this point is a synergy of different technologies offering animal product alternatives. Startups to watch: Air Protein USA Country: 2019 Founding year: This startup strives to become a carbon-negative company by transforming captured CO2 into alternative meat. The technology is based on the findings made by NASA scientists, who discovered that a certain type of microbes can convert carbon dioxide combined with water and energy into highly nutritious protein. What they do: vly Germany Country: 2019 Founding year: As it’s become clear that soy products can be j , green tech enthusiasts have been on the lookout for better alternatives – and this German startup seems to have found one. Vly produces vegan milk made from yellow spit peas – a great source of natural protein with a much lower carbon footprint. What they do: ust as harmful to the environment as meat Jiminy’s USA Country: : 2016 Founding year A large percentage of our meat consumption comes from pet food manufacturing. This company has come up with a creative approach to the problem by replacing the meat protein in dog food with insect protein – or, specifically, crickets. Jiminy’s produces healthy and sustainable nutrition for pets that seems to be appreciated by both the owners and their pets. What they do: ✅ Capture CO2 from the atmosphere One of the ways to reverse greenhouse emissions is to capture carbon dioxide from the air. A huge problem with the current technologies for direct CO2 capturing is, however, that such machines use an unjustifiable amount of global energy supplies. That’s why this topic has been one of the hottest challenges for climate tech ventures – a sustainable and scalable way to collect CO2 is yet to be discovered. Consequently, the other focus for climate tech startups is the actual utilization of the captured gas. Turns out there are many ways to put CO2 into sustainable production, with more and more creative approaches coming up as the technology evolves. Startups to watch: Carbon Infinity United Kingdom Country: 2019 Founding year: This startup is determined to introduce a modular technology that would make capturing CO2 easier and more cost-effective, making carbon removal a largely scalable technology. The vision of the company is to de-fossilize the economy by extracting and storing large amounts of greenhouse gas for industrial use. What they do: SeeO2 : Canada Country 2019 Founding year: This startup has focused its solutions on converting the captured carbon dioxide into sustainable fuels and chemicals for industrial use. SeeO2 is currently developing reversible solid oxide fuel cells that would make it possible to convert water into hydrogen and carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide. What they do: Aether Diamonds USA Country: 2019 Founding year: The company claims to have produced the world’s first diamonds made from air. Aether Diamonds offers sustainable jewelry featuring precious stones that were created in the lab setting using captured CO2. While their mined analogs cause irreparable damage to our planet because of the harmful extraction process, the lab-manufactured diamonds contribute to reducing global warming without compromising their beauty. What they do: ✅ Maximise the potential of alternative energy resources It’s not all about wind turbines and solar energy panels – there’s much more to alternative energy resources that are yet to be discovered and scaled. Various ways of extracting clean fuels and sustainable electricity from repurposed waste processed CO2, and other non-traditional sources provide an array of different niches for startups to take over. While many of the existing technologies for alternative energy extraction are still relatively hard to scale, the growing number of such solutions gives hope for the massive adoption of these technologies in the future. Startups to watch: EH Group Switzerland Country: 2017 Founding year: EH Group explores the green fuel cell technology that transforms the chemical energy of hydrogen cells into sustainable electricity. The company focuses on making compact solutions suitable for mobile and automotive applications that are sensitive to the weight and volume of the devices’ details. What they do: Carbo Culture Finland Country: 2016 Founding year: Carbo Culture has introduced a technology for converting waste biomass into carbon-negative charcoal. The startup prevents the release of CO2 from decomposing plants into the atmosphere by transforming them into biochar and generating usable heat. What they do: Liquid Wind Sweden Country: 2017 Founding year: The company produces a special type of alternative fuel – eMethanol, a liquid fuel made from carbon dioxide and renewable electricity. The company is currently developing its first commercial-scale eMethanol facility in Sweden. What they do: ✅ Make green technologies more accessible to consumers Many eco-friendly technologies are targeting the problems caused by various industrial processes. Meanwhile, we shouldn’t underestimate the input of each household into climate change. It isn’t fair, however, to expect people to invest in solutions that cost far more than their traditional alternatives. Consumer-friendly technologies for utilizing natural clean energy resources, home-based recycling activities and other things that make our everyday life greener are on the rise – and so are their cost-effective variations. Startups to watch: Elfrosun Technologies India Country: 2018 Founding year: Elfrosun Technologies is making solar panels for households more affordable for the population – which especially makes sense considering that the company is heavily focused on its home market, India. Elfrosun raises awareness about the benefits of solar power to gain more recognition and generate interest in the technology. What they do: Aeroshield USA Country: 2019 Founding year: How often do we think about the role of windows in climate change? Yet apparently the way we regulate the temperature in our homes can be transformed by the right technology that will help us preserve the thermal comfort in our homes. This startup develops affordable energy-efficient windows for every household. What they do: Sensorflow Singapore Country: 2016 Founding year: Is it possible to make our leisure travels more environmentally friendly? Yes – and Sensorflow does its best to help. The company provides smart solutions for hotel management and maintenance, saving up to 30% of each facility’s energy costs while reducing the carbon footprint of each hotel room and its inhabitants. What they do: Raising awareness and providing simple instruments for calculating the carbon footprint It’s hard to be conscious about your carbon footprint when you don’t have a clear idea of how exactly your actions contribute to generating CO2 – and this equally applies to businesses and individuals. Software solutions and apps that help us track our CO2 input, just as reliable sources of information that help us find out how to be more environmentally conscious, play an important role in making our future a better place. Startups to watch: Sync Energy AI USA Country: 2016 Founding year: The startup offers an AI-based predictive software platform for insurance and energy professionals. Sync Energy provides a powerful tool for recreating complex simulations for planning electrical utilities in various conditions, including natural disasters. What they do: Evocco Ireland Country: 2017 Founding year: Evocco is a smart app for helping consumers make the most our of their environmentally-friendly grocery shopping. The tool helps you find the most nutritious food for your everyday cooking with the lowest potential carbon footprint. What they do: Plan A Germany Country: 2019 Founding year: Plan A is one of the many startups that strive to facilitate carbon accounting for businesses. Yet it’s one of the few ones that have created a genuinely convenient platform for measuring, monitoring, and reducing carbon emissions along with providing quality ESG reporting. What they do: Also published . here

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