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Microbial Dynamics: How Light-Driven Chemotaxis Creates an Algae-Bacteria Tug-of-War

Can you make money from AI? Yes, you can! AI (Artificial Intelligence) came in and swept the world off its ankles. It went from a phenomenon to a tool that most people use to expedite their tasks in today’s world. In doing so, comes opportunity; we’re talking side hustles from the comfort of your home to earn extra funds. How? Let’s get into it. Faceless YouTube Channels Have you ever stumbled across those YouTube channels where the creator remains a mystery, never revealing their face? There’s a good reason some creators might prefer to stay behind the scenes: profitability with minimal effort. Today I’ll let you in on a secret: these faceless channels are racking in tens of thousands of dollars per month in a nearly automated fashion. Brightside is a great example. This channel is banking over $10,000 monthly, excluding the extra cash from sponsorships and more. But they aren’t the only ones. Channels across YouTube are thriving financially with seemingly little work. The kicker? AI now serves as the ultimate sidekick, converting simple text prompts into fully fleshed-out videos ready for upload. That’s right, any individual can initiate a steady stream of what’s referred to as recurring income, an eloquent term for passive income, from almost any corner of the globe with just around $20 and a slice of their time using InvideoAI: Here’s how the magic happens: begin by inputting a text prompt into a facility known as ChatGPT, which then colludes with a tool called InvideoAI. It transforms your prompt into a comprehensive video you can spice up with your personal touch. Be creative with your packaging, which in YouTube speak, is crafting an enticing title and thumbnail. Post your masterpiece, and soon you’ll witness both views and earnings soar. Resume Writing Now this is one that I’m very familiar with because I help people make their resumes all the time! And the thing about resume writing is, it’s not so much about helping you get a job but making sure you don’t lose out on one! So you just need to make sure that it’s decent. There’s a story of a 35-year-old teacher who brought in 2 million from his resume writing side hustle and with the power of AI you can do this much more quickly. Now there are a ton of different AI resume websites out there in my opinion, the best one is going to be Rezi AI. Rezi AI is great and you can also combine it with Anakin AI’s plethora of AI writing tools just to make things a little bit better. Now typically, it’s not going to perfectly write anyone’s resume right off the bat, but it’ll get about 80% of it right? And then you go in and you fix things using Anakin AI and your brain. Now I’m going to be honest with you, again, like many other types of freelancing or making money online, it’s going to be best if you specialize; not only will it be best for you, but it’ll also be best for the client. So, you want to pick a particular type of career to write resumes and you want to familiarize yourself with that career and that industry. Overall, I think Resume Writing is a phenomenal opportunity. I’ve known people who’ve started seven-figure businesses in certain places like finance or management consulting, and it was all from writing resumes. So I’m gonna give this one an eight out of 10 opportunity score. I’ve met people who have started seven-figure businesses in certain places like finance or management consulting, and it was all from writing resumes. Creating Stock Images AI is getting so good that it’s almost indistinguishable from real-life images. And so, what you want to do as someone who creates AI-generated images, you want to see what type of images people are often searching for, and then see what types of images are already offered on these different platforms. For instance, Adobe Stock does allow AI-generated images on their platform. So, if you know the supply and you know the demand, then you’re going to be able to see that there are certain gaps in the market and that’s where you want to go ahead and fill those gaps by making a bunch of AI-generated images and on Adobe Stock, you’ll get up to 33% royalties. So, let’s say you sell an image for $1, you will get 33 cents out of that, and that probably doesn’t sound like much but if you think about the fact that you create an image one time and then it earns you royalties for the rest of your life, that can add up over time. So, each time you create an image and put it on a website like that, it’s almost like a little worker that’s out there making money for you 24/7. Creating AI Clothing Models There’s an artwork that was created using AI. Everyone knows that it was created using AI and has sold for $432,000 at an auction. Imagine that! A portrait by an AI program! There’s a lot of money, a lot of opportunities out there for this type of side hustle and it’s called AI Clothing Models. Clothing brands often need photos of models wearing their products. If you think I’m going to tell you to pull out a camera or unleash your inner Zoolander, no. With Al, there’s no need because you’ve got an entire army of models at your fingertips. With the Capcut for Business Al model tool, you can upload a photo of a piece of clothing and choose a model. Click, generate, and in seconds Al will ply your clothing onto the model. It is magic. You can offer the service on Fiver or directly to small clothing brands. Typically, a photo shoot with a model can range from hundreds to thousands of dollars. Realistically, will people pay the same amount for Al models versus real models? Probably not. Will they pay $20, $50, $100 maybe? I would guess most clients have a limited budget, so you’ll earn less, but with volume, the work could be worthwhile. Conclusion Now we have so many ideas for AI side hustles. To build the perfect AI side hustle project, you’re gonna need the perfect AI Tools. So keep on exploring!

4 AI Side Hustles in 2024: Earn Big from Home

Big Tech Companies Have Your Health Info Thanks to Telehealth Startups

As more and more U.S. states legalize marijuana for medical and recreational uses, the business is seemingly thriving. The global legal cannabis market is expected to amount to in 2028, growing at a CAGR of 26.7% from 2021 to 2028. $70.6 billion However, despite appearances, this sector is facing numerous challenges related to cannabis itself and the regulations around it. If you are interested in capitalizing on your state’s legalization and developing cannabis tech solutions for weed companies, this article will help you better understand the peculiarities of the cannabis business and identify lucrative opportunities in the booming market. Cannabis tech market overview Background Cannabis was essentially legal until the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937, which outlawed the plant across the US. Despite its prohibition on the federal level, most US states legitimized the use of medical cannabis, with many authorizing it for recreational purposes. California was to legalize medical marijuana in 1996, followed by Alaska, the District of Columbia, Oregon, and Washington in 1998. Colorado was for recreational purposes in 2012, while Connecticut was the last, giving recreational cannabis the green light in June 2021. At the moment of writing this article, and four territories authorized medical marijuana, and legalized its recreational use. Products from cannabidiol (CBD) oil, a compound in hemp plants, at the US federal level. Commercial hemp production was authorized back in 2018. But individual states' laws are dynamic, so it's best to check for updates regularly. the first state the first state to authorize weed 36 U.S. states 19 states are legal Technology companies targeting the legal cannabis industry Cannabis technology plays a crucial role in the field as it helps automate the cultivation process and measure weed’s quality and intensity. Marijuana tech enables users to have a safer and better experience while consuming the final product. Moreover, it supplies users with a platform where they can socialize and search for products and dispensaries in their neighborhood. There is a spectrum of companies producing devices and software for the cannabis industry. Some weed technology firms aim at helping people cultivate marijuana both at home and at the industrial level, some want to connect cannabis consumers and ease the delivery process, and some are building high-tech vaporizers and other devices that facilitate marijuana consumption. Below you will find an overview of prominent cannabis technology companies based on the segments they’re targeting. This segment includes cannabis technology companies that build and sell devices for weed cultivation and vendors that develop apps, which help users monitor and improve their plant growth. This cannabis tech startup offers a self-contained ecosystem with internal cameras and LED lighting in a device the size of a small refrigerator. After planting a seed in the device’s basin, users do not need to open it until harvest time. Seedo’s home growing kit includes an app that helps select the right cannabis strain to start with and controls the whole cultivation process. Cannabis cultivation Seedo This Quebec-based company offers Damatex Control Systems, which is a highly sophisticated control system for greenhouse operations in industrial settings. It can monitor aspects such as heating, cooling, humidity, ventilation, etc. This system also has an alarm function that notifies growers by sending alert notifications to their mobile phones if anything goes wrong. Cannabis technology company SimLeaf built a 3D Medicinal Plant Growing Simulator app. This software enables users to grow virtual plants and experiment with growing conditions to examine how the crop will behave under different circumstances before committing to growing real cannabis. This app is available on Google Play and the Apple Store. Damatex SimLeaf Such devices include vaporizers, product storage equipment, and product potency evaluators, among others. Here are a few examples: This Tel Aviv-based marijuana technology company produces vaporizers that ensure a consistent 100 mg marijuana dosage with each inhale. This venture is backed by a $20 million investment from Philip Morris. Cannabis Consumption Devices Syqe Medical Toronto-based hemp tech company Lobo manufactured a device that can measure a user’s ability to metabolize the THC and CBD compounds by using a mouth swab. This device makes sure consumers are safe and no one bites on more than they can chew. Another company from Tel Aviv mixing cannabis and technology, Kassi, built a connected device to store marijuana and track its consumption. The equipment is controlled by a feature-packed app that allows for monitoring humidity levels inside and evaluating the effectiveness of marijuana treatment. Lobo Genetics Kassi Labs Inc. Marijuana technology companies under this segment offer platforms that help cannabis firms manage their business and connect with consumers. Just recently, a unity of six founders approached ITRex with an ambitious project. They want to provide a comprehensive marketplace for B2B and B2C sectors that would serve the whole country. This platform would be built as a SaaS solution enabling cannabis business owners to have a legal web representation without putting in any development efforts and access clients without investing in marketing. Simultaneously, buyers will be able to browse stores in their area without the need to look up multiple websites. New York-based Signum.ai offers an AI-based platform for marketing and sales. Participating weed businesses can use AI to run ad campaigns and reach out to consumers. They can also benefit from the AI Content Generation tool to craft marketing texts, product descriptions, and even parts of their landing pages. This cannabis tech company offers an innovative CRM platform tailored to cannabis businesses. Baker helps them create customer lists, improve consumer relationships, launch targeted SMS campaigns, and reward active users. It offers a business intelligence platform that gives retailers, cultivators, and dispensaries real-time sales data and rich market insights to help them manage their inventory and keep up with the industry trends. Cannabis Marketing and Distribution Signum.ai Baker Headset Cannabis Technology Trends Lighting Technologies Under traditional cultivation conditions, crops remained at the mercy of outdoor events and could be easily ruined. Innovative light technologies such as LEDs allow cultivators to grow cannabis indoors. This is also possible with high-pressure sodium bulbs, but they are relatively expensive, have a short life span, and generate a lot of warmth. LED light is a more affordable and practical substitute. An increasing number of cannabis growers have adopted a data-driven lighting strategy to ensure their crops receive enough light at the right intensity and within the appropriate light spectrum. According to a survey published by Cannabis Business Times, used at least one light meter in their practice in 2020. This number is up from 55% in 2016. This shift presents an opportunity for marijuana technology companies to include smart lighting options. 72% of the responding cultivators DNA Sequencing Even though marijuana is classified as one plant, there are many variations in DNA sequencing, which can offer thousands of different options. Combining DNA sequencing with artificial intelligence, researchers can experiment with cannabis genetics to create unique experiences suited for patients’ needs. Such genetic modification can lead to products with different colors and flavors. For example, a Colorado-based company claims to have developed a to grow cannabis with no CBD at all. This breed would taste differently and would be easier to cultivate. Adding AI to the mix largely facilitates the task. Frelii, a medical technology company, uses AI in genome sequencing, and they are very happy with the results. Here is what the firm’s CEO, Ian Jenkins, said, “This is a fundamentally different approach to DNA sequencing and analysis. We produce 60 million data points, vs. the typical 400-700 thousand, as with typical consumer-level DNA kits.” method to use CRISPR gene editing Ecommerce Apps are driving the cannabis industry, especially in the COVID-19 era when limitations on movement have been imposed. This marijuana technology covers different aspects of the sector. For example, delivers marijuana-based products without breaching social distancing rules, helps new users learn more about cannabis, and helps discover the nearest weed dispensary. Ecommerce apps Eaze Leafly WeedMaps IoT Another valuable cannabis technology is the internet of things. Here’s how it contributes to the field: marijuana is sensitive to its surroundings and requires effort from the cultivator’s side. With IoT solutions, growers can build connected cultivation systems while adding thermostats, humidity sensors, automated watering, etc. Contact an to build a connected smart system Environment control: IoT development company : with IoT solutions, one can create tracking IDs, enabling plant monitoring from the germination process until it's time to harvest and sell the final product. This adds transparency and allows governments to track any problems down to their origins Product tracking : sensors allow cannabis owners to oversee the state of their growing crops and adjust their climate control systems remotely Real-time data access Artificial Intelligence Many industries are successfully adopting AI, such as , , and . The Cannabis sector is no exception. healthcare retail agriculture cultivators use to experiment with soil enhancement and come up with optimal conditions. They can also adjust the genetic makeup to produce best-selling cannabis strains. Monitoring plant growth: AI-powered software solutions through cameras, AI algorithms can spot illnesses or pest infestation without requiring farmers to oversee their crops constantly. In another instance, artificial intelligence can predict yields by analyzing the crops’ 3D images Controlling pests and diseases: with its ability to analyze data, AI can develop valuable insights. Colorado-based utilizes analytics to help marijuana firms forecast demand and price fluctuation and anticipate trends Discovering marketing and demand patterns: Cannabase AI can perform cost-benefit analyses when purchasing equipment and estimate the risks of adopting new techniques Improving operations: this weed tech can find the optimal shipment paths and storage options that suit marijuana-based products at hand (dried products, oils, etc.) Optimizing logistics: Cannabis Tech: Opportunities and Limitations If you are planning to develop any digital products related to the cannabis industry in the US, there are several issues that you need to consider as those aspects might impose a very particular ecosystem structure. ITRex Business Adviser and Analyst, , sheds light on the most prominent ones: Anton Pitsukov This is evident but still worth mentioning; all cannabis producers should have a license for their activity. Verify that your business activity is in the state that you register your business and for which purposes (medical, recreational) legal Not only production should be licensed but also delivery services. If you are planning to launch a cannabis delivery platform for weed manufacturers across different states, you need to pay close attention to regulations in the states you are targeting If you plan to have a marijuana marketplace, you will likely have to verify your consumers’ and . Also, for selling activities, you need to correlate customers’ purchase limits with governmental institutions. For integration, you can use or IDs medical cards Biotrack Metrc Not all payment systems are open to covering marijuana-related transactions. For example, at this point, Stripe and PayPal do not accept or facilitate cannabis-related payments. One reliable payment system option for these types of products is Aeropay Not all mobile applications stores agree to host marijuana-related apps. Since June 2021, apps from “licensed or otherwise legal cannabis dispensaries” in its App Store, while Google maintains its ban on such software. It might be safer to develop a web-based platform for your business Apple permits Marketing-Related Opportunities Tailoring for underserved audiences. Through market research, Melinda Rombouts, Founder and CEO of Ontario-based cannabis cultivator Eve & Co, discovered that more women are purchasing cannabis-based products than previously believed. Rombouts realigned her company to better advertise and market to her female audiences. You can do the same if you are interested in covering this segment Occasion-based marketing. Brightfield Group found that customers like to pair cannabis with video games, and it would drive sales to market the products that way. Companies can show how their products complement various activities, such as gaming, yoga, partying, etc. Cannabis tech opportunities When speaking of weed technology, mainly AI and IoT, there are several opportunities: Automating the growing process, on both individual and industrial levels Analyzing the market and predicting trends Evaluating product quality and intensity Main barriers Rapidly changing legalization and political views. This is especially challenging when delivering marijuana across different states As cannabis is a federally controlled substance, online transactions and credit card purchases are problematic in the field, and businesses need to find ways to sell their product and enhance their customer experience Many banking institutions are not open to accepting marijuana-related companies as clients According to , one of the main challenges in the cannabis tech industry is the lack of talented people willing to work in this sector. Many strong IT professionals are already recruited by companies such as Google, Amazon, Facebook, and other formidable players. The remaining talent might not want to work in the cannabis business due to the social stigma around it or for other reasons. To overcome this, your company can to cover its current needs Forbes hire remote developers Ending Note As you can see, the weed industry is challenged by different aspects, such as legalization and limited payment/delivery options. Still, marijuana technology can offer substantial value to weed cultivators and product manufacturers. If you have a cannabis tech product idea in mind, don’t hesitate . They stay up to date with the regulations and will help you create a solution that is functional and compliant. to contact ITRex experts

Cannabis tech: some people love it, some hate it, some make money out of it

Last week, my manager assigned me a very interesting task. He asked me to explore what differentiates one innovation management software from the other. I went ahead and looked at various software available in the market. I was amazed to look at the variety of innovation management software present. “The great differentiator in business is when an organization steps out and creates value from something never tried before.” - Kerry Baskins Every software has something unique to offer. This is the reason why it is difficult to choose an innovation management software for your organization. So today, I am here to share with you the differentiators I found useful. Hopefully, it will give you some indication to make the right choice. 1. Crowdsourcing of Innovative Ideas Two heads, they say, are better than one. The ideas and innovation that are possible with collaboration are almost impossible singularly. An innovation management software that allows you to crowdsource ideas is almost certainly going to increase the quality and quantity of innovation. and BrightIdea both have this feature built into their systems. IdeaScale 2. Hackathons Throw someone a challenge and you are more likely to find a solution than simply asking for one. What a great idea it is to throw open the playing field to people inside as well as outside your company! Literally, you’d find out-of-the-box solutions! This feature is available on . Brightidea 3. AI Powered In a world that is moving in leaps and bounds towards AI-powered everything, why not have an innovation management software backed by AI? Planbox has interesting AI algorithms helping you through the innovation process. They have patented a technology called ‘Self-Driving’ Innovation. This starts with understanding a problem an innovator may be facing and builds on that with useful data to find solutions. This AI gleans data from both internal and external sources, therefore, helps to simplify innovation tasks and the innovation process. Eventually, this makes the process more efficient, more accurate, and less risky. Imagine plugging in an idea and having your innovation management software give you related data from various sources! 4. Trend Tracking It is so important to be ahead of the curve with innovation. Since the idea to patent journey is a long one, what’s hot now may not be by the time your idea is backed by a patent. Wouldn’t it be just great for an innovation management software to help track market trends that give you an indication of the space you should be innovating in? Idea Drop allows users to track trends to help in the innovation process. 5. Gamification Employees are filling in sheets and crunching numbers all day. Having a little fun mixed into a workday is never going to hurt. Gamifying an Idea Management Software is a stroke of genius. Like Jake Orlowitz said, “It's a play that helps us do serious things better.” 6. IP Address Whitelisting | Security Ideas are the goldmine of revenue for an innovation-driven corporation. Protecting those ideas with the highest level of security is thus a priority. IP Whitelisting is a security feature that ensures such protection by allowing you to maintain a list of trusted IP addresses. Knowing that access to your ideas in your innovation management software is restricted is good for business. Most IMS offer such security. provides IP Whitelisting as a security feature in its software. Viima 7. Realtime Updates Resources are drained keeping tabs on patent applications and patents. IMS that provide real-time updates linked to the USPTO can prove to be immensely resource-saving. Such a feature is currently offered in docketing software that startups might not be ready to invest in. However, it would be great to have this feature in innovation management software to relinquish manual resources to pull the USPTO updates. Removing manual dependency and receiving automatic updates can reduce the delay in receiving status updates. 8. Workflow and follow through for complete life cycle The journey from idea to patent is a long one. In an innovation-driven enterprise, keeping track of the status of each innovation is hard. Having an IMS that helps you track your innovation journey from start to finish can be a long-term resource-saving asset. Having an easy-to-view workflow through the journey is a definite must-have in our opinion. The TIP tool, by , has a four (soon to become five) stage workflow. It has a simplified (1) Idea Capture dashboard which flows into the (2) Internal Vetting stage where the most thorough ideas are identified. The next stage is (3) Patent Drafting and (4) Patent Filing where patent attorneys become involved. The next stage that is a work in progress is (5) Portfolio Management where you can keep track of your patents and patent applications. Triangle IP Which of these features do you think are useful? What’s the most innovative feature you have come across in innovation management software?

Innovation Management Software: The Key 8 Differentiators in 2021

Lenovo, Asus, and Acer produce some of the best budget gaming laptops under 500 USD. The extensive features and a multitude of uses has led to gaming laptops being preferred over consoles in today’s gaming world. But as the demand for gaming laptops rose, so did their prices. To help solve this issue, we scoured the web for affordable laptops with decent specs and could run some of the best games on the market. A List of the Best Gaming Laptops Under $500 Not all of us can justify or afford that extra price tag for enhanced gaming capabilities, but none of us want to compromise on the best gaming experience either. Luckily, with the laptops on this list, you don't have to break the bank. The laptops we picked are: Asus VivoBook 15 Lenovo V14 Lenovo IdeaPad 3 Acer Aspire 5 2020 HP 14-inch HD Touchscreen Premium Laptop 1. Asus VivoBook 15 The Asus Vivobook 15 comes with a modern and minimalist design and excellent port selection encompassing both USB type-A and type-C, microSD reader, headphone jack, and HDMI output. It also comes with a fingerprint reader that allows you to login within a second using Windows Hello. But the best part is its 15.6” NanoEdge bezel display that gives you a stunning 88% screen-to-body ratio. Couple that with the Radeon Vega 8 GPU, and you’re getting one of the best screens and GPUs for gaming laptops under 500! The 8GB DDR4 RAM, 256GB SSD, and quad-core Ryzen 5 CPU are just what you need to give you a seamless gaming experience on almost all games short of the demanding triple-A titles! 2. Lenovo V14 With a sleek and stylish design, the V14 packs gaming and professionalism into a lightweight package. It boasts: a 14” screen 8GB DDR4 RAM 256GB SSD storage 6 core Ryzen 5 processor at 2.3 GHz Radeon Graphics Not only does the considerable RAM size and higher core count make your games perform better, but the SSD also considerably reduces your load times and gives you an excellent experience. The Radeon Graphics is the cherry on top, which can give you those smooth edges and excellent FPS in titles such as CS:GO in mid to low settings, and give you that competitive edge! 3. Lenovo IdeaPad 3 This shiny model comes in a unique steel blue color with grey keys that are sure to stand out, while still retaining a professional look suitable for school and/or work. It has a hinge that bends 180 degrees and it comes with Dolby Audio, giving you pristine sound quality and greater flexibility. Its specifications are similar to the VivoBook, in that it has: a 14” screen 8GB DDR4 RAM 256GB SSD Ryzen 5 3500U Processor The is almost half a kilogram lighter than the VivoBook. Please note that its CPU base a base clock of 2.1 GHz which can make the FPS drop a touch in CPU-intense games such as Call of Duty. However, the AMD site lists the Ryzen 5 3500U's Max Boost Clock at up to 3.7GHz. Lenovo IdeaPad 3 4. Acer Aspire 5 This laptop is currently a little over our budget and is listed on Amazon at . However, for this laptop, the extra $20 might be worth it. $519.99 USD What makes the Aspire 5 unique is its IPS display that gives a wider viewing angle with excellent color accuracy at a full HD quality. This one also gives you a backlit keyboard and , which makes it one of the most long-lasting gaming laptops under 500 dollars. up to 7.5 hours of battery life With a Ryzen 5 3500U quad-core CPU and Vega 8 Graphics, it does the trick for most games, but its silver plastic appearance may seem less than appealing to some gamers. 5. 2020 HP 14-inch HD Touchscreen Premium Laptop With its clean and modern appearance, the HP 14 gives a premium feel to a low price gaming laptop. At a resolution of 1366 x 768 pixels, the HP 14 is the first touchscreen contender to this list, with a highly color-accurate BrightView 14” touchscreen panel. It also rocks a dual-core AMD Ryzen 3 processor, which - although relatively constrained - can make most less-demanding titles work with excellent FPS at mid to low settings. Similar to the Aspire 5, the HP 14 gives approximately 8 hours of battery life on regular use which allows you to roll an entire work/school day without your charger, and get back home to the games you’re dying to play! HP’s Fast Charge technology is another petal in the rose. Perhaps the only limitation to this device is its 8 DDR3 RAM, while most other laptops in a similar price bracket do offer DDR4. However, it makes up for that with an ultrafast 256GB SSD and an excellent 78% screen-to-body ratio, making it a fast and attractive device you’ll surely love! Bonus: The $600 Acer Nitro 5 With a design that screams “gaming beast”, the is one of the best budget gaming laptops out there, coming in at just $100 over our $500 budget. However, the extra $100 might very well be worth it. Acer Nitro 5 With red backlights and an edgy, bulky design, it surely gives you that gamer’s vibe. Moreover, unlike the gaming laptops under 500, this one comes with: Intel Core i5-9300H Processor (Up to 4.1 GHz) 256 GB NVMe SSD NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 15.6” full HD display Built-in Alexa that makes it a robust and powerful gaming machine To keep this beast cool, the machine comes with Acer CoolBoost technology comprising two fans and dual exhaust ports. Its input ports include 3 USB Type-A, a USB Type-C, Ethernet, headphone jack, and HDMI! Important Note: The items on this list were the best laptops we could find available on the market that could work for gaming under $500 USD. With that said, it is possible that these items might not be able to run the games you want to play. , always compare the specs of the laptop to the minimum PC requirements of your desired games. For example, here is the Steam page for the recently popular : Before making any purchase Among Us Among Us Steam PC Requirements Rest assured, all of the laptops above should be able to run games like Among Us or even slightly older games like Call of Duty: Black Ops 3 (see requirements below). However, if you are looking to run beefier games like Call of Duty Warzone or are looking for , you're going to have to save up for a more expensive PC. VR-ready systems Final Thoughts And there you have it, the best gaming laptops under 500 dollars. All with great specs and decent performance for the price. While they aren’t all killer gaming rigs (except the Nitro 5), they still promise excellent FPS and can run many games in low to medium settings with outstanding execution. If you’ve liked our post or have an add-on to our list, let us know in . community Check out the . Thinking about upping your budget? best gaming laptops under $800 : Please note that some of the items above include affiliate links to their product pages. Disclosure

5 Best Budget Gaming Laptops Under $500 

The U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) released a statement on Friday that an operation targeting those who traded or bought more than $20,000 worth of Bitcoin between the years of 2013 and 2015. A warning letter have been sent, or will be sent, to each individual that are in this list, strongly advising that those who may not have reported taxes properly or even filed at all to amend their taxes as soon as possible. According to the bulletin posted by the IRS, three variations of letters which they referred to as "educational letters" are being sent out. The contents of the letters and who gets what variation of the letter is currently unknown, but it is speculated that the three variations are most likely on a scale of "we know you tried, but you should probably amend your filing" to "we know you bought large amounts of Bitcoin which were never reported; amend or feel the wraith of Uncle Sam." The exact method in which these 10,000 people were picked are unknown as well, but we can safely assume that they were obtained from subpoenas served to a a certain exchange that was practically the only exchange from 2013 that is still standing today -- Coinbase. To be fair, Coinbase has fought for the privacy of their users last year around the same time, and managed to convince the courts that it was unconstitutional to serve a blanket order for all traders and their activities. That's when $20,000 in trading and buying was decided as the threshold in which the IRS had the authority to "request" data on. It is no secret that the IRS is a severely understaffed and underfunded agency -- so many are wondering how they are going to pull off keeping tabs on 10,000 people, let alone enforce their threats. "Taxpayers should take these letters very seriously by reviewing their tax filings and when appropriate, amend past returns and pay back taxes, interest and penalties,” IRS Commissioner Chuck Rettig warned in the press release. Mr. Rettig did, however, give a hint on how they plan to pull this off and somewhat effectively force the hodlers that have hid their Bitcoins: chain analysis. Chain analytics is a very real and effective technology which have been around since the days of Silk Road (the original one). Some chain analysis companies claim to be able to track the movement of funds even with coin tumbling and even coin joins. Bitcoin, once thought to be anonymous and private, is far from that... . There's nothing private about that. it's a public ledger “The IRS is expanding our efforts involving virtual currency, including increased use of data analytics. We are focused on enforcing the law and helping taxpayers fully understand and meet their obligations.” On the brightside, the IRS did mention earlier this year that they are working on new tax codes for cryptocurrencies. Unfortunately, no progress update has been given. Despite chain analysis and blockchain forensics technologies that are available to assist the IRS, the likelihood of the agency successfully forcing their hands on compliance to 10,000 early adopters of Bitcoin (vastly composed of Libertarians) is highly unlikely. These warning letters are not likely to change the intentions of those who have already made up their minds that they will never pay taxes on their Bitcoin gains. They have had years to cover their tracks and have already converted to Monero and back, and the number of ledgers being "accidentally tossed" into the sea after a boating incident will likely be high. "Whoops. I guess I can write that off as a total loss." -- now is not the time to anger another federal agency. But perhaps its time for us, as a country, to really educate and encourage the federal government to create a new class of assets, because at the moment it's a circus with the SEC, FinCEN, CFTC, FINRA, and even Homeland Security fighting for jurisdiction over cryptocurrency. So what is it? Is it property? Financial instrument? Commodity? Securities? A threat to the global  economy? Maybe we should define what it is first, because at this rate the U.S. for the first time will not be the leaders of the next technological revolution. I do not condone avoiding taxes, and I urge those who can afford to pay the fines to do so I've warned about this a year ago, and I still stand by what I said. Originally published at Lunar Digital Assets . This is an op ed and does not reflect the views or stance of LDA in any manner. Yes, it's a shitshow, but pay your taxes. There's only two things in life you can't avoid...

IRS Warning Letters to Early BTC Buyers Illustrate the Utter Disarray of our Current Laws

2017 is ending, and I would introduce my iOS toolset that I used during this year and that I will continue to use during the coming year.Please note this list is not exhaustive and only includes some of the most and libraries that I discovered during this year or that I find really helpful during my work. development tools Tools I don’t know why some people despise , but I find it really useful to manage my git repos, and currently is my favorite tool for GIT. It has everything I need. SourceTree : I tried a lot of editors during the past year, from Sublime to Atom, from TextMate to TextWrangler, but I found that VS Code meets my needs. Is not perfect, but it’s a good combination of practicality and speed. Visual Studio Code : we use it in my development team at Dottori.it, and is really helpful for build API requests through testing, documentation, and sharing. Postman : I literally love it. It preserves copied data from clipboard and allows easy access to those data through a shortcut. That dramatically increase your daily copy/paste workflow, and I’m more productive. PasteBox Libraries : I started to use it when I joined Dottori.it. Now every asynchronous piece of code is used in combination with PromiseKit. PromiseKit : is a wrapper of UIButton written by me during 2017. It allows you to create custom and complex buttons with custom attributes, directly added to the iOS Interface Builder, very easy to integrate into every project. PMSuperButton : is found it really helpful during the development of . It’s a super customizable calendar that meets everyone’s needs. JTAppleCalendar AgendaDottori : is a library that allows you to convert your model objects (classes and structs) to and from JSON. I started using it from Swift 2, and now with Swift 4 that support is less relevant, but already useful because support a lot of features like custom transformations. ObjectMapper Codable : in the new version of AgendaDottori (rewritten from scratch in Swift 4), we needed a mobile database where to store all the events in a calendar. Potentially a lot of data. I tried CoreData and Realm, but after that i see Couchbase Lite 2, literally a “full-featured embedded NoSQL database that runs locally on mobile devices”, i started to use it and it matched all my needs. Couchbase Lite : I used it to generate fake data in DEBUG mode and in my unit tests. Really helpful and with a lot of data that can be generated. Fakery : like the GitHub page description is an Android-like toast with a very simple interface. Is really useful to use it to inform a user of an action. Toaster : last but not least, I can not fail to mention the best (for me) library to manage dates on Swift. Is created by my friend Daniele, and I use it for all my iOS projects. SwiftDate Websites & Services : in January 2017 after the release of the mobile SDK, I started to work on the mobile app of , a startup launched with some friends in Ireland. One of our major features for the mobile app that is useful for the users that want to offers customer support from mobile, is to have push notifications. After my experience with Firebase Cloud Messaging (that not match totally my needs), we tried OneSignal that is exceptional. They offer realtime analytics, unlimited push notifications, delivery automation, localization, full API, unlimited segments, A/B testing, and much more. Amazing. OneSignal Customerly : in Dottori.it we use a lot the deep linking, and when we need to create a new one, usually we use Firebase. The problem with AgendaDottori was that Firebase offers only one link for the project, and the project of Firebase include two apps, that there is a conflict. Then, this year we tried to move the deep link engine on Branch.io, a service that provides the leading mobile linking platform, with solutions that unify user experience and measurement across different devices, platforms, and channels. Simple and effective. Branch.io : english is not my native language, and I’m not perfect when I write in English, in particular when there is a lot to write. This service helped me a lot to increase the quality of my written English and to fix some errors. Grammarly : is a website where every week you can read a new interview with one person that start a business from a side project. I really love it because open my mind to some aspect that I not considered, and is helpful to know how much they earned with every single business that they started. Is inspirational and motivational. Indie Hackers Extra: useful articles and links Web developer roadmap Joel Spolky quotes How to Make a Web Crawler in Swift 🕷 Web Developer Security Checklist PMAlertController The Epic Guide to Bootstrapping a SaaS Startup from Scratch Marketing for Engineers Listening: Levitate by Imagine Dragons Mr. Brightside by The Killers It’s My Life by Bon Jovi Everlong by Foo Fighters Under The Bridge by Red Hot Chili Peppers Hotel California by Eagles you for ! you enjoyed the article as much as I did 🤠 Thank reading I hope If you want to follow me in social media, here are some links. github , twitter , linkedin The last year I read a , and this year I wanted to create my personal list. useful post by Durul Dalknat

My Development Toolset 2018 for iOS

Creating the time and space for rich learning experiences I am having a strange time with my running app. has occupied me on every run, long and short, since 2012. It has proven itself to be a reliable tool for mapping my routes, logging my miles and analysing my form over time. But lately, Runkeeper has been overstepping its bounds with unnerving notifications of past runs that apparently took place on the same day of the week, at the exact same time. Runkeeper Runkeeper thinks it knows me on the basis of capturing data about my previous runs. What it doesn’t realise is that my training regimen is deliberately unstructured, guided mostly by how my body is feeling. It is not nostalgia of past glories that propels me towards my running shoes. The same is true of my runs; I may start out with a fixed plan in mind, but I am always open to adapting my run based on environmental conditions and bodily feedback. Just last week, I was set to run my ‘standard’ 5 mile route through Oxford, which usually sees me scooting past the entrance to the university park. I have not run through the parks for years but on this day, during this run, I changed course. Ideal weather conditions, combined with an unexplained resolve, inspired me to extend the run to include a lap around the park. Five miles stretched to well over six as I more than scooted my way through the green. Runkeeper would later confirm that the park represented my quickest leg of the run, but it would never know what occasioned the detour. Nor would it capture the sense of disorientation that followed me through the remainder of the run. I can normally map out my mile markers to within an inch, but the detour had shifted everything along. There is something liberating about not conforming to a fixed linear path, enjoying the run for itself without the constant need for measurement, and to take an unplanned risk with the most uplifting consequences. Detours can transform a mundane run into an aerobic adventure. Runkeeper is reminiscent of our standard approach to education. Traditional curriculum models have much in common with the quantified self movement that apps like Runkeeper thrive on: they value only what they can measure. A curriculum plots out a fixed trajectory from a base state of knowledge to an expanded state. The journey is premeditated, broken into a sequence of scripted lessons intended to guide students along each step. The journey has to be premeditated, and the lessons have to be scripted, because, according to the narrative of formal schooling, everything has to be measured. It is what students and teachers are held accountable to. The stringent requirement for measurement limits in two ways: first, tasks are tightly structured and centred on closed problems with definite solutions. These tasks tease out only a sliver of students’ thinking skills. Second, detours are rarely permitted on the learning journey. Students have scarce opportunity to explore new terrain — say, more open-ended problems — because this form of learning is not so easily measured. learning Just as Runkeeper is limited in tracking only my route and running speed, education has not yet developed the assessment tools to capture deeper cognitive skills. Since that which is not measurable is not valued, these richer learning tasks are resigned to the periphery of the curriculum. Coursework, which is predicated on its lack of structure, fades out of curriculum schemes just as easily as it fades in. Coursework tasks are typically introduced, poorly measured, abused by students, parents and teachers facing the pressures of high-stakes accountability, and then thrown out until the next cycle. Today’s blunt measuring tools can not cope with the open nature of coursework, so coursework is eliminated altogether. But here’s a thought — why not include exploratory learning even in the absence of strict measurement? Need everything be subject to a mark scheme? Should the benefits of exploratory learning be shunned simply because their inherent richness makes them difficult to codify? Detours are worth striving for in the curriculum because that is where our deepest thinking arises. In fact, the preliminary steps we take along our learning journey are often just a means to taking these excursions. The standard objection to exploratory learning is that it leaves students lost in the wilderness. Yet deeper thinking can still be a carefully guided activity that keeps us within sensible bounds, just as my running detour was confined to the park. That many scientific discoveries were stumbled upon by accident is no accident at all. We all need time and space to get ever so slightly lost, to dream our way into creative thought, and to develop our richest insights. This is true of all learners, expert or novice. Scientific breakthroughs come at the most unexpected times Exploratory learning risks being thwarted by the measurement paradigm that has education in its grip. may only amplify the issue, proliferating the use of learning analytics that are taken as gospel when projecting students’ learning paths. Predictive analytics tends to leave little room for unexpected leaps in performance, consigning students to self-fulfilling prophecies based on their historical progress. Runkeeper can not fathom what I have in mind for my next run, not least because it has yet to be settled in my mind. Likewise, even the most sophisticated assessment tools of today can not anticipate when and where a student’s next great insight may arrive. Technology The brave choice for educators is to stand firm with what we value, and to accept that not every aspect of learning can be measured. It is okay to step off the path once in a while; it may even be necessary to enable our richest learning experiences. I am a research mathematician turned educator working at the nexus of mathematics, education and innovation. Come say hello on Twitter or LinkedIn . If you liked this article you might want to check out my following pieces: _Mental representations in mathematics_hackernoon.com You weren’t bad at maths — you just weren’t looking at it the right way _Mathematicians as storytellers_hackernoon.com How (not) to memorise mathematics _What happened next is a sad indictment of school maths._brightreads.com My Nephew Brought Home This Menacing Maths Problem

The quantified self movement may sound the death knell for deep thinking

I can’t remember the last time I touched money. We no longer need to and that seems significant. We keep more of our money in banks for less reward than ever and that seems stupid. Interest rates are worse that terrible. Effectively, by leaving our money in the bank we are losing money due to inflation. Our money is safe, atleast up to a certain amount, but the price we pay is that we become poorer. That is the opportunity cost of the modern banking system. Atleast that’s what Millennial see. It’s the price we pay for liquidity – the ability to instantaneously access our cash. But it needn’t be like that. The key to greater wealth if making our money work for us. Access to compounding interest is the smartest decision one can ever make. “Compound interest is the eighth wonder of the world. He who understands it, earns it … he who doesn’t … pays it.” ― Albert Einstein But too few exploit it while too many pay the price. Things like Robinhood provide access to markets with the same liquidity as banks do for our cash. The risk of loses are obviously higher but so are the potential returns. Could a similar system evolve which provides the same liquidity for your cash but within the confines of a more stable financial model like and ETF? And then there is Bitcoin, Ethereum and every other ‘coin’. Money no longer has to physically exist to be valuable. Quantitive easing is another form of cash which never physically exists, but is completely different. And ‘coins’ don’t have to be tied to anything of real value. When the value of the dollar was detached from the gold standard fiat money achieved the same thing. And that is why they have value. But it’s also because they are anonymous and enable untraceable transactions. That is where their value is. Because Cryptocurrencies are a way to evade capital controls — you buy bitcoin and place them in an offshore ‘wallet’ then sell the them to a buyer in another country for foreign currency — they will always have a value so long as their are people who want their money out of a country or for their wealth to remain ‘anonymous’. The government have an extremely hard time tracking this down. To participate you have to be certain that there will be buyers for millions of $ worth of Bitcoin on the other end of the transaction. This is only assured with large network effects — this is why ‘Bitcoin’ and Ethereum are worth so much. In reality, higher valuations simply makes the transfer of large quantities of money more efficient. Bitcoin etc. is already an efficient means to evade taxes. I’ve read stories of entrepreneur selling companies for bitcoins in order to avoid the capital gains. That is a revolution. And that is what cryptocurrency can become. We no longer have to rely on governments to manage our currencies. That truly is a radical development — and it makes sense. Can you entrust you earnings and savings to the long term success of the country you live in? Should you? There is a growing argument to be made that the state should have no control over our money. That is what Cryptocurrecies and tokens allow. They remove the power of the state and give it to the people. As long as people perceive value in these new forms of currency they provide an effective store for your wealth outwith government control. That’s not to say they can’t impact the price. Unless it is a pyramid that all comes tumbling down On the brightside, our money couldn’t be devalued overnight by our country deciding to ‘print’ more cash through quantitative easing. I have multiple bank accounts on my phone, everything from traditional banking (RBS, Wells Fargo etc.), Modern Banking (Revolut), through to wallets for my ‘coins’. I can’t remember the last store I was in that didn’t take card. It’s not a big step to foresee the acceptance of bitcoin, or ‘tokens’. That’s effectively what customer reward cards already do. This is just the beginning. This is a revolution. This is the future. All I know is that I no longer need cash anymore. And I like it.

How Bitcoin will Shelter us from the Consequences of Government Meddling

The power of multiple representations I could never do . I never learned to play an instrument, not a lick. I had no clue how a musical score is crafted. A music sheet was no more intelligible to me than a foreign language. So while I could appreciate classical music on a superficial level as a listener, understanding it was for other people. music That all changed five years ago in grad school when a professor introduced us to — Stephen Malinowski’s animated graphical score project. I watched with dumb-struck awe as the professor played a clip of Bach’s Toccata and Fugue in D minor. The piece was no different to usual, except that it was brought to life with the most intuitive of visualisations. I needed no training in obscure symbols or terms to make sense of Bach. The subtleties of pitch and rhythm were revealed with the simplest of coloured bar representations. I could identify and even anticipate recurring patterns. I heard notes that had previously eluded me. Music Animation Machine Bach as you’ve never seen him In that moment, a new thought took hold of me. A deep was within my grasp after all. A virtuoso I was not, but for the first time in my life, I was able to truly connect with classical music. It had only taken twenty-seven years, and an inspired presentation that defied everything I had been taught about music at school. understanding of music We need to do for maths what Stepehen Malinowski has done for classical music — place it within the reach of everyone, and especially those who have long given up on connecting with the beauty and elegance of the subject; even its simplicity. Take the following problem, inspired by : James Tanton’s “Math without words” project Sum the first 100 odd integers. No biggie — anyone and their calculator can knock this out with dogged effort. But that’s ninety-nine separate calculations; life’s too short for this brand of . mathematics You may be tempted to impose the But that hardly seems satisfying (and, after all, the formula did not just spring into being). formula for summing an arithmetic series. Let’s instead sum the first few terms, just to see what happens. However flaky it may seem, that strategy is perfectly natural to mathematicians. The key is to keep an open mind and to stay alert to any patterns. So: 1 1+3 = 4 1+ 3+ 5 = 9 1+ 3 + 5+ 7 = 16 Notice anything? The resulting values — 1,4,9,16 — may seem familiar. You will recall that they are the square numbers. Hold up. We were just adding odd numbers — who invited squares to the party? Well, here they are. And we must now ask the question pursed on the lips of every mathematician. Why? Why does adding odd integers give us squares? Let’s find out. We can stare long and hard at the symbols above, but inspiration may not come unless we change the representation. Well, there’s a reason we call them square numbers — these values correspond to areas of squares! So 1 = 1 x 1 4 = 2 x 2 9 = 3 x 3 16= 4 x 4 and so on. That’s good, because we can now visualise this pattern to see what’s going on. We can draw the squares. We can now literally that summing the odd integers results in squares. The link between odds and squares is slowly revealing itself through this pictorial representation. You can sense the connection; why adding the next odd number gives the next square along. Perhaps you can’t quite put your finger on it. see So let’s go again, this time using a different colour in each step. Amazing what a bit of colour can do, right? The connection is now clear — adding an odd integer corresponds to the next ‘layer’ of the square; that reverse L-shape. To get the next square along, we would need 5 along the bottom row, and a further four along the right-hand column, i.e. a total of 9 more spots. So summing the first hundred odd integers is no more and no less than the area of a 100x100 square. It’s ten thousand. But the answer is a mere side note to this problem. Consider what just happened — we started off with an arithmetic sum, represented by symbols on a page. We explored, we probed and we found a geometrical connection. We visualised the problem and saw the link for ourselves. We uncovered the geometry of odd numbers — we linked maths topics that are typically separated in the curriculum. In short, we became mathematicians. The lesson for educators — and the point of that graduate class — is to use multiple, diverse representations when presenting mathematical concepts. Only a small minority of students will grasp the syntactic form of school maths. That does not make them any less capable; the limitation is one of curriculum and pedagogy. As educators we are responsible for building as many entry points to understanding and engagement as we can. Visualisation alone is not a silver bullet; to understand and solve our problem, we needed to call on our core knowledge of odd numbers, basic addition and squares. But pictorial representation is a vital problem solving heuristic — mathematicians routinely translate abstract-sounding problems into visual ones. Visualisation is an equally vital — and engaging — way for students to undertake problem solving. Mathematical thinking lies not in brute force calculation, but in shifting representations and finding connections. I hope this example persuades you (if you needed persuading) that a mathematician resides within you. And with that, I invite you to explore this intriguing sum: 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 98 + 99 + 100 + 99 + 98 + 97 + … + 3 + 2 + 1 Enjoy. I am a research mathematician turned educator working at the nexus of mathematics, education and innovation. Come say hello on Twitter or LinkedIn . If you liked this article you might want to check out my following pieces: _The legends of mathematics that almost never were_medium.freecodecamp.com Mathematical genius is fragile. We need to stop destroying it. _As the quest for strong AI unfolds, are we losing our grip on human intelligence?_hackernoon.com Maths students are trapped in Searle’s Chinese room _What happened next is a sad indictment of school maths._brightreads.com My Nephew Brought Home This Menacing Maths Problem

Discover the mathematician within you with this simple problem

π through the ages I devoted some of my vacation to perusing the Rhind papyrus. It makes for fascinating reading. Dated 1650 BC (and now housed in the British Museum), this five-metre long scroll captures the rich mathematical legacy of Egypt. The pyramids of Giza stand tall as testimony to the Egyptians’ amazing skill and temperament for measurement. The Rhind papyrus gathers their broader contributions to arithmetic and geometry. It includes the Egyptians’ very own decimal counting system and a collection of problems that demonstrate an extraordinary flair for unit fractions. Problem 50 of the Rhind Papyrus, which gives rise to an approximation of π The papyrus also documents a primitive but elegant method of estimating the value of π_._ More precisely, the Egyptians approximated the area of a circle of diameter 9 by first chopping off a ninth of its diameter, then constructing a square with sides of length this reduced diameter, and finally calculating the area of the square. ‘Squaring’ the circle to approximate π ( ) source Since the actual area of the circle is π*(9/2)² and the area of the square is 8², this comes down to estimating π as 256/81 — around 3.16, within 1% of its actual value. Not bad for 1650BC. We have known since time immemorial that π is a constant — that is, the ratio of circumference to diameter of a circle is always the same, regardless of its size. Both your shirt button and the Earth’s equator (indulge me for a moment by assuming they are both perfect circles) will return the exact same ratio. It was long suspected that π is an irrational number, so that its decimal expansion will never exhaust or repeat (this was finally proven in the 18th century). Approximating π has thus been a labour of love for every major civilisation. Archimedes made a quantum leap of progress by using an iterative method involving polygons of any size. The Chinese captured π to seven decimal places by the fifth century. Srinivasa Ramanujan — he (and π, it seems) — set the pace in the early twentieth century with outrageously fanciful representations of π in terms of infinite sums. Modern computational methods have perhaps taken the thrill out of the chase, reaching 22 trillion digits (yet they’re just as many decimal places away as the Chinese were). who knew infinity Ramanujan’s approximation — isn’t the word outrageous This is a mere glimpse into mankind’s eternal fascination with π. More than a number, it cuts across multiple fields — arithmetic, geometry, algebra and more– baffling and delighting mathematicians of all cloths to this day. Now consider the clean-cut form of π encountered at school. π is definitively introduced to students as the ratio of a circle’s circumference to diameter. There is no significance attached to the constancy of π; no intrigue. While students cannot be expected to grapple with the fiddly geometric proofs of this property, there is a teachable moment in probing that definition and exploring different circle dimensions. The is a delight once π’s constancy has been critically accepted. string around the earth problem Instead, students are leashed to the drudgery of calculating areas, perimeters, arc lengths, volumes and more — marshalling prescribed formulas for π that they do not fully grasp or care about. The enthused among them will commit the first 10 digits of π to memory; the self-proclaimed genii will go further. They may catch wind of π’s infinite decimal expansion, without ever reflecting on how irrational numbers render digit memorisation futile. They may bask in , missing the irony of celebrating this mathematical gem by reducing it to a rough two-decimal form. Pi Day March 14 is Pi day — good for puns if not mathematical understanding This is the parody that ensues when is divorced from its history. We study history to understand how we arrived at the present. We probe the cause and effect of past human behaviours and we study counterfactuals to understand what might have been. This is how we progress as a species; we recognise that our historical trajectory is a contingent one. We do not accept our current state as immutable. mathematics It should be no different for aspiring mathematicians. Students need to understand that mathematical ideas do not just spring into being. They develop gradually as humans explore and ask questions, often with immense struggle, reward and surprise (is it really obvious that π is constant?) The process of mathematical discovery is messy and uncertain, even if the end result appears clean. What we now understand of π only comes from standing on the shoulders of past mathematical giants. They were all actors in mankind’s eternal quest to understand the language of the universe. Mathematics is an open invitation for students to carry on that journey, but first they must walk in the shoes of their predecessors, because that’s where our deepest mathematical insights reside. One cannot appreciate the terrifying beauty of π without chronicling past attempts to understand and approximate it. Historical context gives mathematics (and mathematicians, dare I say) a rich personality that is all too often lost in formal study. It reveals the human side of mathematics; the pain and ecstasy of pursuing new mathematical frontiers. It normalises struggle and perseverence as traits of the common mathematician. It snips away the binary view that many students take towards maths and replaces it with a world replete with discovery and surprise. No study of mathematics can be considered complete without attention to its history. I am a research mathematician turned educator working at the nexus of mathematics, education and innovation. Come say hello on Twitter or LinkedIn . If you liked this article you might want to check out my following pieces: _The genius of Gauss and the lessons for educators_mystudentvoices.com A boy wonder from the 1780s shows us where school maths gets it wrong _What happened next is a sad indictment of school maths._brightreads.com My Nephew Brought Home This Menacing Maths Problem _The only justification ever needed for mathematics_hackernoon.com Mathematics is art (all the mathematicians say so)

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