Too Long; Didn't Read
There are a range of UI frameworks available from ones with built-in solutions for everything to lightweight libraries for building only what you need in a modular fashion. You have options for writing your view as a template language for interpolating HTML or syntactic sugar for plain <a href="https://hackernoon.com/tagged/javascript" target="_blank">JavaScript</a> objects known as the virtual DOM. There are different philosophies for state management from using implicit/imperative <code class="markup--code markup--p-code">Proxy</code> objects to the explicit/declarative unidirectional data flow approach. Application bundlers come in different varieties from zero configuration with lots of automagic to highly customizable to the point of being overwhelming.