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Anomaly detection is a technique used to identify unusual patterns that do not conform to expected behavior. Anomalies can be caused by errors in the data but sometimes are indicative of a new, previously unknown, underlying process. In this article, you will learn a couple of Machine Learning-Based Approaches for Anomaly Detection and then show how to apply one of these approaches to solve a specific use case for anomaly detection (Credit Fraud detection) in part two of this article. In part two, we will learn how to use a machine-learning algorithm to solve an anomaly detection problem.