What happened this week in the crypto markets? The Arca Funds Portfolio team discusses reduced volatility in Bitcoin, Ethereum’s fate, and a few positive developments in usage across financial services. Blockchain Should we really be watching the crypto market every second? Every new technology has its ups and downs. However, most of them don’t give you minute-by-minute updates on how the experiment is progressing. Imagine if Thomas Edison was giving you real-time progress updates while inventing the light bulb. As an inventor, Edison made 1,000 unsuccessful attempts at inventing the light bulb. When a reporter asked, “How did it feel to fail 1,000 times?” Edison replied, “I didn’t fail 1,000 times. The light bulb was an invention with 1,000 steps.” The market comes with 24/7 trading and pricing, and a whole slew of media outlets trying to predict its future. Sometimes, it’s best to just have a long-term view and avoid everything else in between. cryptocurrency Okay, but since we’re watching, where’s the volatility? It was actually a relatively calm week, with Bitcoin rising 3% while most other large-cap coins and tokens traded in a fairly tight range (+/- no more than 10%). In fact, much of the daily volume throughout the entire space has been sucked out, with Coinbase down 83% from its January highs. Some of this can be attributed to August, but it’s also a sign of where we are in the technology cycle. Many crypto projects have just gone dark, with numerous ICO’s now down over 90% from all time highs. Bitcoin volatility has been muted recently, holding prices relatively steady to its history. There seems to be a stand still between the bears and bulls, as both parties are fighting hard to hold key levels of resistance/support. trading volume The SEC decision on Bitcoin ETFs One central piece of news has a few holding their breath — the VanEck Bitcoin ETF proposal. Many in the space view a rejection of this proposal as a catalyst to new lows, while an approval would be the eutectic point that turns the market around. Meanwhile, on Wednesday, it was that the SEC rejected a total of 9 ETFs (ProShares, GraniteShares, Direxion), citing a concern of fraud and manipulation in the cryptocurrency markets in general. However, the next day, the SEC stated that they will review the disapproval orders on all of the ETFs, on the grounds that the decision was made by SEC staffers, not senior officials. Encouragingly, the market barely budged on the news, showing a sign of maturity or fatigue. While the Arca teams continues to be , it nevertheless will be a topic of conversation for the foreseeable future. announced outspokenly against a Bitcoin ETF Taking a Long-term View The price of Bitcoin remains at $6700. While some market participants are exhausted waiting for the bull market to return, we feel it is important to recognize that the bull market has, in fact, never left. What we are experiencing is an exponential uptrend, one that traditional finance has yet to see on such an accelerated timeline. When looking at the charts over the last year, it is easy to look at an 8-month snapshot, and focus on the downtrend signaling a significant bear market. However, zoom out, and the thought process shifts towards that of a continuous overall uptrend stemming from as recently as 2016. Bitcoin Price chart — YTD Bitcoin Price chart — Since Inception In this era of unprecedented growth, it is easy to label Bitcoin a ‘bubble’: mass speculation with little adoption. But we stress caution when comparing the digital asset class to that of a traditional financial asset class. In fact, we continue to believe it isn’t an asset class at all, but rather a technological architecture that will support and underpin all asset classes in the future (see the ). World Bank Bond-i bond news As in November, it is important to discuss the difference between their Futures market and that which is currently available (CBOE). Bakkt plans to launch physically backed Futures, whereas the CBOE currently does not offer a physically backed market, instead settling on spot price in US notional currency. What Bakkt offers allows institutional investors to physically purchase Bitcoin-backed Futures. Bakkt gears up to launch their federally regulated market for Bitcoin The ramifications of this on the market are unknown, but seem positive. One potential shortfall could be found in mining Bitcoin. Since Bakkt must back their contracts with physical Bitcoin, a sizable quantity will be removed from circulation. Since these assets will no longer exchange hands, miners will not be able to process transactions on the blockchain and therefore will receive less rewards (denominated in BTC). However, this may bode well for the price of Bitcoin itself, as miners would not mine Bitcoin if it were not a profitable endeavor. Therefore, the price of Bitcoin should equilibrate towards a region of profitability. Is Ethereum still 2nd Banana? In other news, Ethereum had an important on Friday regarding its system wide upgrade in October 2018. Three major points of contention for this call were: developer call difficulty bomb (increasing the difficulty of finding an ETH block) ether issuance (amount of ETH issued) and ASIC resistance. Each one of these points has an immense impact on the future of the Ethereum blockchain — as such, developers, large stakeholders, and miners were all in attendance, with many incompatible viewpoints from each respective party. After two hours of deliberating, it was decided that all members should reconvene on August 31st — we will be listening closely for the outcome of this important meeting. The negative price action of Ethereum and all ERC-20 tokens YTD suggests not just a downturn in crypto sentiment, but perhaps a fundamental move away from this protocol in favor of other platforms. Getting this call right will be one of the key drivers of creating alpha in 2019 and beyond, as ETH is still the 2nd largest cryptocurrency by market cap. For now, when it comes to “app stores”, , and one of the reasons that Ethereum has been viewed as such a promising cryptocurrency and blockchain protocol to date is that no other blockchain has attracted such a large army of developers. That could be changing, but it takes a lot of time, money and focus. Ethereum has been able to attract so many developers largely because Joe Lubin and ConsenSys have educated developers, given them a home, put them to work on practical use cases, and evangelized the decentralized world like crazy. But is ETH really dead? Ethereum is still the leader in the clubhouse For a look at some of the “success” stories built on Ethereum, check out Popular apps such as Metamask ( ), Augur ( ) and IDEX ( ) all post extremely low user bases compared to traditional applications. Arca CIO, Steven McClurg, worked at Electronic Arts Mobile when the iPhone launched in 2007. According to McClurg, “ ”. Despite billions of dollars spent on Ethereum Apps, there have been fewer active users in total than in the first 3 days of Apples iOS launch in July 2008 (10mm downloads). 40 Ethereum Apps You Can Use Right Now. 1 Million+ 43 daily users 1,565 daily users Apps are a commodity. They are only successful when they are properly marketed to the right user base The reason? Many Ethereum apps don’t need a blockchain? They clumsily require their own token to use, damaging User Experience? An extremely slow Ethereum network? Likely all three. For specific information about investing in the 3 private Arca Funds, click here . Notable movers and shakers VeChain (+23%) and WaltonChain (+55%) both finished the week strong as they each announced that they have begun manufacturing RFID chips for beta testing. VeChain is building enterprise-focused IoT systems, whereas WaltonChain aims to tackle retail IoT systems. With production kicking into gear, an exasperated market found a pair of horses to bet on this week. (VET) (WTC) Lisk ( ) gained 28% last week, in anticipation of their mainnet release on August 29th. Lisk, a Javascript based smart contract platform, allows developers to deploy and develop their own blockchain and dApps. LSK Nano finished the week up 68.2% on news that they hired their first official advisor, Andy Woolmer. However, it looks like this was a volume spurred price surge, as daily volume ($100MM+) reached its highest levels since May, surpassing the tepid $7M daily volume of late. (NANO) What we’re reading this week World Bank issues first “blockchain bond” The World Bank has implemented the first full issue of public bonds via smart contracts utilising blockchain technology. As a result, a complete securities lifecycle was carried out using a private Ethereum blockchain — from placement, to the issuer’s performance of its obligations to investors, including settlement. This is the future of blockchain in financial services, and why Arca views Crypto not as an asset class, but as an infrastructure that will ultimately support all other assets classes. More on the Bakkt Bitcoin Futures exchange We mentioned the positive implications of the Bakkt project earlier, but this op-ed from the new CEO of Bakkt goes into more detail regarding physical settlement. Importantly, the new daily Bitcoin contract will not be traded on margin, use leverage, or serve to create a paper claim on a real asset. Deloitte 2018 global blockchain survey The fact that Deloitte is even conducting this survey is reason enough to be bullish on this technology, but the results speak for themselves. “ ” Even though blockchain is rolling out in a more moderated fashion than expected, its adoption remains promising. The view further down the road is an inspiring one. We see blockchain enabling a completely new level of information exchange both within — and across — industries. Problems mixing Bitcoin with traditional Wall Street ingenuity Caitlin Long does a masterful job discussing the difficulty Wall Street will have applying traditional methods of leverage, rehypothecation and margin to Bitcoin and other cryptoassets. While some solutions are easier than others, this is an opportunity for much of the bad practices on Wall Street to be reset via careful thought and planning. Crypto Exchanges Join Winklevoss Backed Self-Regulatory Group Self-regulation and best practices is a positive for the industry dAPPs struggle — takes time to develop Per the Ethereum discussion earlier, it’s easy to see why the pendulum has swung so far negative, as the dAPPs built on Ethereum have just not performed. That said, ? Most of the crypto problems can be traced back to poor UI and UX, which is a solvable problem over time. anyone remember using LinkedIn for the first time in 2003 Arca in the News Crowdfundinsider.com from Arca CIO Steven McClurg regarding the SEC’s decisions on Bitcoin ETF proposals. As Steven eloquently puts it, “Bitcoin was created to decentralize and disintermediate. ETFs are the opposite of that. They centralize and intermediate.” Needless to say, we are not excited about Bitcoin ETFs. published thoughts And That’s Our Two Satoshis! Thanks for reading everyone! Questions or comments, just let us know. - The Arca Portfolio Management Team Steven McClurg — Chief Investment OfficerJeff Dorman — Portfolio Manager / Head TraderSasha Fleyshman — TraderKatie Talati — Head of Research Disclaimer: This commentary is provided as general information only and is in no way intended as investment advice, investment research, a research report or a recommendation. Any decision to invest or take any other action with respect to the securities discussed in this commentary may involve risks not discussed herein and such decisions should not be based solely on the information contained in this document. Statements in this communication may include forward-looking information and/or may be based on various assumptions. The forward-looking statements and other views or opinions expressed herein are made as of the date of this publication. Actual future results or occurrences may differ significantly from those anticipated and there is no guarantee that any particular outcome will come to pass. The statements made herein are subject to change at any time. Arca Funds disclaims any obligation to update or revise any statements or views expressed herein. In considering any performance information included in this commentary, it should be noted that past performance is not a guarantee of future results and there can be no assurance that future results will be realized. Some or all of the information provided herein may be or be based on statements of opinion. In addition, certain information provided herein may be based on third-party sources, which information, although believed to be accurate, has not been independently verified. Arca Funds and/or certain of its affiliates and/or clients hold and may, in the future, hold a financial interest in securities that are the same as or substantially similar to the securities discussed in this commentary. No claims are made as to the profitability of such financial interests, now, in the past or in the future and Arca Funds and/or its clients may sell such financial interests at any time. The information provided herein is not intended to be, nor should it be construed as an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy any securities. This commentary has not been reviewed or approved by any regulatory authority and has been prepared without regard to the individual financial circumstances or objectives of persons who may receive it. The appropriateness of a particular investment or strategy will depend on an investor’s individual circumstances and objectives.

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“That’s Our Two Satoshis” — Crypto Market Recap September 4, 2018

“That’s Our Two Satoshis” — Crypto Market Recap 8/20/18 (BTC, ETH, XRP, VET)

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“That’s Our Two Satoshis” — Crypto Market Recap 8/27/18 (BTC, ETH, VET)

“That’s Our Two Satoshis” — Crypto Market Recap 8/27/18 (BTC, ETH, VET)

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