Welcome to part two of the Dreams of Crypto Spring series. Part one covered the cyberpunk nightmare of Libra and its sudden rise to power.  In part two I cover Telegram, a new hope to strike a blow against the Libra empire.  This is an expanded version of the story I did for Cointelegraph , with increased coverage of the privacy debates over Telegram and WhatsApp. ###################################################### Last month, Facebook rocked the world with . Even a year ago, the idea that an iconic United States company would launch a digital currency or that a sitting president would about it seemed insane. its blockbuster Libra announcement tweet Welcome to the new normal. The Libra announcement sent , hit the like an atom bomb, and left many crypto influencers wondering if the social network giant just turned 90% of altcoins into shitcoins. What tiny crypto project with a few measly programmers and a few million bucks can stand against the combined might of not just Facebook but also the titans of the like Uber, Lyft, Paypal, Visa and Mastercard? politicians scrambling mainstream media tech and payment processing world But there’s a new hope on the horizon. One company on the planet has the power to take on the social media monster and win: Telegram. If Libra is the Empire Strikes Back, Telegram is A New Hope While Facebook has 1.8 billion users, Telegram . raised $1.7 billion While Facebook has the unwashed masses who’ve never held a Bitcoin, Telegram has the entire crypto community that lives and breathes altcoins for breakfast. While Mark Zuckerberg is the poster child for the internet as a surveillance economy, Pavel Durov, the founder of Telegram, is a , with privacy woven into his DNA. fight-the-power renegade While Zuckerburg looks like someone doing a , Durov looks like . bad impression of Data from Star Trek he just stepped off the stage of Magic Mike If you’re a pioneering member of the crypto community, you might have looked with scorn on the Telegram fundraiser, which beat the initial coin offering by raising all of its money from private , rather than crowdsourcing it from the people. Maybe you only read the that looks and reads more like a marketing slick than a detailed deep dive? regulatory backlash accredited investors short Telegram white paper You should take a look closer. The Dark Knight Rises The more you look, the more you realize there’s a lot to root for if you’re longing for a legitimate top contender to take on . the cyberpunk nightmare of Libra Start with Pavel Durov. The man built two successful companies, including VKontakte ), the Russian equivalent of Facebook, and he followed that up with Telegram. That means he knows how to build real, working, scalable platforms when most crypto projects can’t even get their testnets off the ground. He’s also an and iconoclast with a philosophy of radical individualism and self-sovereignty that matches that launched Bitcoin and a thousand other crypto ships. (aka VK anti-hero the cypherpunk ethos Even better, he backs that philosophy up with action. While Facebook faces a for protecting users’ data the way . Durov when the Russian Supreme Court demanded it and even as and yanked Telegram from the app store.  While Zuckerberg built his company on surveillance as a business model, Durov built . $5 billion fine from the Federal Trade Commission the mob “protects” small businesses refused to create a backdoor to Telegram American companies like Apple, who normally stand tough on privacy, caved his company on privacy If you only skimmed , you might have missed that Durov isn’t alone. He's backed by a bevy of math geniuses and hardcore programmers who started coding in diapers and won strings of gold medals at the while you were watching Saturday morning cartoons. One of those folks is Pavel's brother , chief technology officer of Telegram, who solved cubic equations at the age of eight, started coding at nine, and wrote his first operating system at 13: the short white paper International Math Olympiad Nikolai Durov In . assembly language Nikolai Durov also wrote the much longer and more comprehensive that weighs in at a whopping 132 pages. It’s a dense, complex and ambitious outline for the new Telegram Open Network (TON) platform. Some folks in for promising a sci-fi utopia that solves every single problem in crypto. technical white paper the Miasma bashed it as a fantasy and nothing but “fun fiction” But let's look deeper and see if they're right. Crypto Wars Redux It’s not the first time Telegram faced criticism for their architecture choices, with Gizmodo’s William Turton once writing “ ." The article hits them hard for choosing client-server encryption instead of end-to-end encryption by default. Why You Should Stop Using Telegram Right Now There's a lot of debate in the security community about whether we can or should trust Telegram versus WhatsApp or or . Signal Wire The Electronic Frontier Foundation did for their and they found it wasn't all that simple and clear cut because "secure messaging is hard to get right—and it’s even harder to tell if someone else has gotten it right." a series of studies and surveys of secure messaging apps Surveillance Self Defense Guide The WhatsApp faithful generally just forward the Gizmodo article and call it a mic drop but a little critical thinking about the article reveals some fundamental flaws. It fires the first shot by saying Telegram "doesn’t encrypt chats by default." That's just not correct.  The chats are encrypted client to server and stored on the company's virtual machines which are distributed all over the world.  Saying they don't encrypt chats is straight up wrong. But that doesn't mean the article doesn't have a point. It means we have to trust Telegram's servers and trust is tricky. A woman and her business partner might have ten years of trust between them but if one partner steals from the company bank account then all that trust burns up over night.  Trust is not fixed. Trust is a moving concept. If Telegram's servers are compromised, so are your chats. We also have to trust that they really make only of those servers, which they claim to do in their security FAQ.  Client-server encryption also uses symmetric keys instead of asymmetric public/private keys, which means if the key gets compromised it's compromised for both the client and server, whereas with asymmetric encryption your privacy remains secure as long as you protect your private keys. encrypted backups Telegram as giving people the best of both worlds with , which do offer end-to-end encryption and don't store chats on their servers.  They also offer a way to delete messages and chats immediately.  Either party can kill the entire chat with a few clicks, erasing it from their servers for good. defends the architecture choice the choice of secret chats All of this is a trade off.  Telegram wanted a way to restore chats and sync them to different devices.  End-to-end encryption makes this a lot harder.  If you switch your phone number on WhatsApp your chats go bye-bye (or you have to unencrypted to Google Drive) because the phone number acts as your personal ID. go through a procedure that backs those chats up Security versus usability is an age old dilemma.  They're inverse properties. The more secure you make something the more hoops you have to jump through to use it.  Make it easier to use and you just compromised the app's safety exponentially.  Programming teams always have to pick between security and making it easier for users.  Make it too secure and people won't adopt it, which is why Signal and other super privacy conscious apps never reach critical mass and remain niche. Most regular people, aka non-privacy conscious, the vast majority of the world, won't use Signal. It's got a clunky interface and and restore your old profiles. That makes it more secure but a lot harder to deal with on a day to day basis. it's complicated to setup a new phone number WhatsApp is based on Signal but it makes compromises to make it easier for users which . WhatsApp offers .  Even if you turn it off, you can't be sure that your friend on the other side did the same.  That means most of your secure end-to-end chats are probably compromised. the EFF flagged as major concerns unencrypted backups to the cloud Paul Manafort .  Even next-gen quantum encryption won't save you if you back your chats up to the cloud. learned this the hard way There's another problem with WhatsApp too.  Facebook has shown a willingness to with ease when authorities comes knocking.  That means they turn over who you talked to and when. From there it's not hard to look for the weak links in your security chain. hand over metadata If you really want to take a stand on hardcore encryption then you probably shouldn't use either WhatsApp or Telegram and you should switch to something like Wire or Signal and just deal with the lack of a pretty interface and the fact that 99% of your friends won't join you there. Telegram's architecture is a compromise between usability and security.  That criticism dogs them to this very day and colors people's perception of the new TON platform before it even gets off the ground. even as nothing but a bunch of buzzwords and hand waving. Redditors and other voices in the Din panned the technical white paper But read through it closely and you’ll realize that if Telegram pulls off even a quarter of what they propose it's revolutionary. For one, they solve the whole debate about whether you need to trust Telegram's servers or not because instead of servers setup by the company and their IT staff, you get a distributed messaging and smart contract layer that serves the entire TON platform instead of a cloud platform. And it doesn't stop there.  If half of what Telegram wants to do works, they’ll solve the scaling, storage, and protect the platform against constant assault from hostile powers. decentralized identity Sure, the paper is a grab bag of ideas, some of them unique and some taking inspiration from a wide spectrum of sources, which they openly acknowledge in the white paper as they directly address everything from Polkadot to Ethereum - but building on other people’s good ideas isn’t a problem, it’s a virtue. It’s only a problem for people suffering from , a debilitating mental disease that makes people think they have all the answers and that nobody else has any idea worth doing. not-invented-here syndrome Libra and the Compromises of a Compromised Company While Libra’s white paper can’t even figure out if its a “blockchain” or a non-blockchain “cryptographically authenticated ," the TON team knows the difference between a blockchain and a hole in the wall. database Telegram is looking to deliver a massively that sends and receives not only money, but encrypted messages and a kickass sticker collection that makes the emojis from WhatsApp’s messenger look like ASCII art. It wants to do all that while enabling robust peer-to-peer encrypted storage for your important documents and . sharded and scalable "fifth generation" blockchain and app ecosystem even allowing for decentralized virtual private networks And yes stickers matter. Remember that UI/UX drives adoption. Regular folks don't care about what makes an app go in the background.  They'll pick usability over security every time if they have a choice. A beautiful interface is the answer. Pretty stickers can gift the world privacy as a trojan horse. And while Facebook soaks up the punishment and pressure from hysterical governments and politicians who with a straight face that they’re worried that Libra’s wallet, which is compliant with Know-Your-Customer and Anti-Money Laundering laws, can be used for “terrorism," Telegram’s team wisely stays out of the spotlight, just like Satoshi Nakamoto did with Bitcoin. say If you want to build a platform in peace, it is better to do your work in private and not draw the attention of publicity-seeking politicians trying to get reelected in battleground states. Governments love . If you don’t give them a head to cut off, then they don’t know where to strike. cutting off the head of the snake But even with all that going for them, does Telegram have the power to build a true platform for e-commerce and the decentralized applications of tomorrow? Can it stand against the titanic forces behind Facebook's nascent digital currency and the masters of the e-commerce universe backing it? That's the trillion dollar question, as the platforms that win the day will control a massive chunk of the world economy and will make or break nations, companies and people. With so much at stake, it’s going to be a war. The Man in the Arena To win, it will take a hero. The might of is nearly absolute. Nation states print money, and printing money is the power of God. the old world guard To break the stranglehold, you need to build a perfect platform: one that’s easy to use, scales massively and is impossible to bring down — a Hydra with a thousand regenerating heads. It must have all the features of the old financial system and new ones nobody can resist. It’s got to bring in people and businesses with ease so it grows too big to fail. At the dawn of the Internet age, technologist and utopians imagined a global network of free services and information, a golden age of openness and democracy.  But all those free services needed bandwidth and servers and people to run them and that cost money. To fund it they pioneered a new business model: Surveillance. Now, the age of is upon us, and it’s growing stronger every day, a dragon that’s eaten the world. surveillance capitalism Facebook is the dragon’s head. There isn't much hope to turn back the tide of Big Brother as a Business (BBaaB) because both big business and governments want to watch us 24x7.  The rise of AI and blockchain will only make scaling surveillance easier and it will prove too tempting for governments and companies alike to resist. But if there’s a knight left among us that can bring that dragon crashing from the skies, the early odds go to Telegram. While Libra can and will leverage Facebook’s 1.7 billion users to rapidly accelerate adoption, Telegram’s user base of over is a growing force in its own right. 200 million people And even with less users, Telegram has one major advantage: Most Facebook users wouldn’t know a Bitcoin from an while Telegram has a vibrant, technically savvy community, including most of the world’s crypto-faithful who host their user groups and do their day-to-day business there. Alf Pog That means when TON drops a bunch of coins in its Telegram attached wallet, a bigger percentage of those users will know how to spend, save and send that money, while Facebook’s users will start ringing the support lines wondering how to reset the password on their private key. That’s not to say Telegram’s team is perfect by any means. They’ve faced intense criticism for a hand-waving white paper that promises much without telling people exactly how it will work. Beyond that, we’ve gotten since their mega ICO. There’s but it’s closed to the wider public for now. In the end, the project might prove too ambitious even for a talented team with a lot of capital on hand. mostly radio silence from the team a private beta They’re also running out of time to deliver. If their team is going to succeed they need to step up now.  The stakes have never been higher. People willingly sacrifice privacy for convenience without a second thought because they've got "nothing to hide." The original crypto dream of self-sovereignty is slowing warping into a terrifying Black Mirror episode, where blockchains don’t enable privacy, they enable ubiquitous surveillance on an unprecedented scale. Chain analysis tools peer deeply into transactions and dedicated to chain analysis. Facebook will happily give them that convenience and a two-way mirror into all of our lives. the SEC is looking for teams and tools Telegram might not be the hero we expected or even the one we wanted, but they might be the very best hope we’ve got for a future that doesn’t look like a dystopian nightmare of panopticoins. They’ve got the programming chops, the money, and a founder with the will to take on the kings of the world. The crypto revolution started idealistically with a twinkle in Satoshi’s eye, hoping beyond hope that technology could save us all from ourselves.  There’s always a certain naivety in revolutions.  You have to be crazy to take on entrenched powers. The kings of the world have the money and guns and the legal hammers and they’re willing to use them at all costs to keep a firm grip on the royal scepter. But some revolutions find a way. And in the coming crypto revolution, Telegram just might be the guerrilla warriors who leads us out of darkness and up into the light. ###################################################### "Long is the way and hard, that out of Hell leads up to light." - Milton, Paradise Lost #################################################### If you love my work please because that’s where I share special insights with all my fans. visit my Patreon page Top Patrons get EXCLUSIVE ACCESS to so many things: You read it and hear first before anyone else! Ask me anything and I’ll answer. I also share everything I’m working on and give you a behind the scenes look at my process. Early links to every article, podcast and private talk. A monthly virtual meet up and Q&A with me. Access to the legendary Coin Sheets Discord where you’ll find: from me and other pro technical analysis masters. Market calls The only . 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Telegram and the Cypherpunk Rebellion Against the Libra Empire

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