Sketches, Sensors, and Servo Hacks: The Making of Robonine’s Segway-Inspired Robot

Written by brnikita | Published 2025/05/19
Tech Story Tags: robotics | robots | ai | robonine | robot-design | custom-built-robot | future-of-robotics | robotics-for-work

TLDRA step-by-step overview of the initial requirements, design process, and evolving prototypes behind the first version of our custom-built robot.via the TL;DR App

In May Robonine completed a first variation of the full robot design. We want to show, step by step, what we started from and what we finally achieved.


Initial Requirements

  • A 3D design concept needs to be created with consideration for the technical specifications of the structure.
  • The model should be showcased in an environment – indoors, controlled by a person using a VR Oculus Quest 3.
  • Source files must be provided.


External Parameters

  • Matte black color. Alternative color schemes may be considered: white, yellow.
  • Frame dimensions: 350 mm to 400 mm × (1300 mm to 1400 mm, including wheel height).
  • Operating format similar to a Segway.
  • The view of the upper П-shaped frame from the front and back should be identical.
  • A depth camera and LiDAR should be installed on the upper frame.
  • LED strips should be installed on the side frames.
  • LED strips should also be installed on the lower platform.
  • Depth cameras (similar to Intel RealSense D405) should be mounted on the manipulators.


Balancing Mechanism

The tail will be in a lowered position all the time and will have a straight shape resembling the letter П, with a roller at each end. The rollers are non-driven.


Wheels

Swiveling wheels, like in the image: 3-inch Small Industrial Caster Wheels – Alibaba


Manipulators

  • The manipulators extend to the full height of the pole.
  • Height: 1300 mm
  • Length: 650 mm
  • The appendage on the second joint should be adjusted. The engineer will determine whether to remove or shift the structure inward.


Design of the Gripper


Position of Manipulator Poles

  • The poles should be turned at a 45-degree angle to ensure maximum reach.
  • This angle provides as much working space as possible for the manipulators.


Top Sensors

  • The depth camera should be able to rotate back and forth.
  • Initially, we planned to use 3D LiDARs, so one was placed on top.


Lower Wheel Motors


First Version of the Robot's Main Frame

In this version:

  1. We decided to use a heavy back instead of an adaptive tail. Initially, we considered a water tank to provide ~20kg weight to compensate for the forward tipping moment when the arms are fully extended.
  2. The designer used orange color to make the robot visible from a distance.

Second Version of the Robot's Main Frame

Updates:

  • Switched to black color, as tough engineering plastics are typically black.
  • Flat surface on the back for users to place items.
  • Instead of a water tank, we now use heavy-duty batteries to compensate for forward tipping.
  • Front lights added on the mobile base.
  • LiDAR and depth camera added at the top of the frame.

Latest Version of the Concept Design (Not Final)

  1. Designer added 2 manipulators.
  2. Added back light.
  3. Emergency stop button to prevent any extreme behavior. Like on a video:

  1. Second LiDAR added.

Notes

Final design will differ from the current version:

  • We are currently working on compensating for motor backlash using a dual-servo design. The final arms will have a different design.
  • Instead of 3D LiDARs, we will likely use a combination of 2D/1D LiDARs and ultrasonic distance sensors.


Written by brnikita | Founder of robonine.com
Published by HackerNoon on 2025/05/19