Hordhac  Software-ka isha furan wuxuu had iyo jeer ahaa dheelitirnaan jilicsan ee fikradaha iyo waxqabadka, iyo 2024, dheelitirnaantan waa la xoojiyay. Iyada oo ay sii kordhayso isbeddellada ogolaanshaha mashaariicda iyo kororka u dhigma ee fargeeto, bulshada isha furan ayaa wajaheysa su'aalo ku saabsan waxa ay ka dhigan tahay in si dhab ah loo furo. Ka dib wadahadaladii kululaa ee ku saabsanaa muranka shati bixinta HashiCorp ee aan ku soo sheegnay   , waxaan u quusi doonnaa horumaradii ugu dambeeyay ee goobtan xiisaha leh. Dr. Dawn Foster cilmi-baaristii ugu dambeysay,   (   ), waxay naga caawisaa inaan fahanno xaqiiqooyinka dib-u-kicinta iyo saamaynta ay ku abuurto bulshooyinka iyo nidaamyada deegaanka. Isha Furan waa Dhintay Dhaqdhaqaaqa Cusub ee Isha Furan: Relicensing, Forks, & Community Impact Foster, 2024  Asalka Isha Furan iyo Aasaaska Aasaaska  Si aan hadda u fahanno, waxaan u baahanahay in aan dib u eegno asalka software-ka il furan. Ka dhashay fikradaha software-ka bilaashka ah ee 1980-meeyadii, dhaqdhaqaaqyada sida GNU iyo shatiyada sida GPL waxay mudnaanta siiyeen xorriyadda isticmaaleyaasha - in la isticmaalo, la barto, wax laga beddelo, oo la wadaago software. Tobannaankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, mabaadi'daani waxay aasaas u ahaayeen mashaariicda hal-abuurka leh sida Linux, MySQL, iyo Kubernetes, iyaga oo il furan u rogaya laf-dhabarta xisaabinta casriga ah.  Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maadaama isha furan ay noqotay mid guud, waxay sidoo kale noqotay ganacsi. Shirkaduhu waxay dhiseen ganacsiyo faa'iido leh oo ku saabsan aasaaska il furan, iyo ku tiirsanaanta sii kordheysa ee shatiyada oggolaanshaha ayaa waddada u xaartay hyperscalers sida AWS inay si weyn uga faa'iideystaan shaqada horumariyayaal madaxbannaan iyo shirkado yaryar. Xiisadda udhaxeysa fikradaha software-ka ee bilaashka ah iyo xaqiiqooyinka ganacsiga ayaa kaliya kor u kacay, taasoo noo horseedaysa muuqaalka hadda jira.  Maxaa dhacaya runtii?  Dib-u-noqosho ma ahan mid cusub, laakiin 2024 ayaa si cad u sheegtay inay noqonayso isbeddel la taaban karo. Shirkadaha sida Elastic, Redis Labs, iyo HashiCorp waxay u wareegeen shatiyada xaddidan sida SSPL ama BSL, iyagoo tixraacaya baahida loo qabo ilaalinta moodooyinkooda ganacsi. Jawaabta bulshada? Fargeeto diiday xannibaadahan oo ku guulaysta hannaankii dawladnimo ee loo dhan yahay ee hoos yimaada ururada dhexdhexaadka ah sida Linux Foundation.  Kiis kastaa wuxuu tusaale u yahay sida dib-u-kicintu u burburisay kalsoonidii, u kicisay waxqabad, iyo dib u qaabaynta dawladnimada.  Elasticsearch iyo OpenSearch: Kiiska Isku dhaca Shirkadaha  Go'aanka Elastic si uu u qaato SSPL sanadka 2021 wuxuu ahaa daqiiqad muhiim u ah muuqaalka isha furan (   ). Talaabadan waxa ay ujeedadeedu ahayd in AWS laga joojiyo ka faa'iidaysiga Elasticsearch iyada oo aan waxba lagu soo kordhin, laakiin waxa ay fogaysay qayb muhiim ah oo bulshada ka mid ah. Jawaabta AWS-abuurista OpenSearch-ma ahayn kaliya ilaalinta shaqaynta. In kasta oo OpenSearch ay tan iyo markii ay u soo guurtay OpenSearch Foundation gudaha Linux Foundation laga bilaabo Sebtembar 2024, maalmihiisii hore, AWS waxay si buuxda u xakamaysay jihada mashruuca, inkasta oo ay dadweynuhu sheeganayeen furfurnaan. Wada-hadallada maamulka ayaa lala kulmay go'aan-qaadasho gudaha ah oo Amazon ah, taasoo keentay niyad-jab iyo ka-tagga xubnaha bulshada qaarkood (   ). Elastic, 2024 OpenSearch Foundation, 2024  Redis iyo Valkey: Fargeeto ay dhiirigeliso ruqsad-siinta  Ku darista Redis Labs ee Qodobada Caadiga ah ee shatiga BSD ee la ogolyahay ee 2018 ayaa calaamad u ah isbeddelka mashruuca. Waqti ka dib, isbeddello dheeraad ah - oo ay ku jiraan qaadashada SSPL - niyad-jabka degdega ah (   ). In kasta oo KeyDB ay u soo baxday fargeeto waxqabad oo badan oo taxane ah oo Redis ah, si toos ah uma dhiirigelin dib-u-kicinta waxayna ku sii jirtaa lahaanshaha shirkadda iyada oo aan la diiwaangelin maamul dhexdhexaad ah (   , 2024). Jawaabta tooska ah ee dib-u-kicinta waxay ahayd Valkey, fargeeto kale oo lagu sameeyay aasaaska Linux oo leh qaab maamul dhexdhexaad ah, ilaalinaya hab-raacii mashruuca asalka ahaa ee Redis. Redis Labs, 2024 Snap Inc  Terraform iyo OpenTofu: Kacdoonka Cawska  U beddelashada HashiCorp ee BSL ee 2024 waxay ka dhalisay caro ka dhex jirta isticmaalayaasha ku tiirsanaa furfurnaanta Terraform (   ). OpenTofu, fargeeto uu hoggaamiyo Linux Foundation, ayaa si dhakhso ah u ururiyay isbahaysiga wax ku biiriyaasha iyo ururada ay go'aansadeen inay ilaaliyaan mabaadi'da iskaashiga furan. Iyadoo xoogga la saarayo maamul hufan oo mudnaanta la siinayo baahida isticmaalaha, OpenTofu waxay bilowday jaantuska koorsada ka duwan kuwii hore (   ). HashiCorp, 2024 OpenTofu, 2024  Fargeeto sida Kacaanka  Cilmi-baarista Foster waxay hoosta ka xariiqday kartida wax-ka-beddelka ee fargeetada marka ay ku soo baxaan hoos-u-dhac maamul dhexdhexaad ah. U wareejinta OpenSearch ee OpenSearch Software Foundation waxay tusaale u tahay sida fargeeto u soo jiidan karo wax ku biiriyaasha kala duwan, isagoo hubinaya waaritaanka muddada dheer. Aasaaska dhexdhexaadka ah - oo ka madax bannaan xukunka hal iibiyaha - waxay bixiyaan dhul bacrin ah oo fargeeto ah si ay u koraan beddelayaal sharci ah.  Abuuritaanka Valkey ee hoos yimaada Linux Foundation wuxuu iftiiminayaa tusaale kale oo ku saabsan sida maamulka dhexdhexaadka ah u kobciyo adkeysiga bulshada. Si ka duwan KeyDB, oo weli ah mid ay maamusho shirkadda, Valkey waxa ay mudnaan siisaa maamul furfuran iyo ka mid noqoshada wax ku biirinta.  Qiyaasaha Muhiimka ah: Kordhinta Kala Duwanaanshaha Ururka  Falanqaynta hore ee Foster waxa ay xoojisay kala duwanaanshiyaha hay'ad ahaan sidii halbeeg muhiim ah oo lagu qiimaynayo caafimaadka mashruuca. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cilmi-baarista socota waxay ujeedadeedu tahay in la horumariyo jaangooyooyin aad u dhammaystiran si loo qiimeeyo fargeeto iyo mashaariicda la fasaxay (   , 2024). Daraasadu waxay si firfircoon u ururinaysaa xogta tilmaameyaal caafimaad oo dheeraad ah oo ka baxsan kala duwanaanta wax ku biirinta, iyada oo diiradda la saarayo kala duwanaanshaha codebase, qaabdhismeedka maamulka, iyo waaritaanka muddada fog. Ka qaybqaatayaasha soo dhawoow! CHAOSS Case Study  Kala-duwanaanshaha Codebase, mitir kale oo muhiim ah, ayaa muujinaya sida fargeeto ay si madax-bannaan u kordho. Iyadoo la ilaalinayo iswaafajinta bilawga ah, mudacyada guusha leh sida OpenSearch iyo Valkey waxay si degdeg ah ugu jihaysan yihiin hal-abuurnimo ay horseedaan baahiyaha bulshada.  Caqabadaha Horyaala  Laakin yaynaan fargeeto romanticise ah. Kala qaybsanaantu waxay u noqon kartaa riyo isticmaalayaasha, kuwaas oo inta badan la kulma arrimo ku habboon iyo hubanti la'aan ku saabsan taageerada muddada-dheer. Cilmi-baadhista Foster waxay ku baaqaysaa xidhiidh cad oo dhex mara mashaariicda iyo bulshooyinkooda si loo yareeyo caqabadahan.  Xudunta doodda ayaa ah su'aal aasaasi ah: Sidee il furan isu dheellitiri kartaa dalabaadka is-hortaagaya ee fikradaha bulshada iyo jiritaanka ganacsi? Natiijooyinka Foster ma bixiyaan jawaabo sahlan laakiin waxay muujinayaan muhiimada hufnaanta iyo maamul wadaagga ah ee mabaadi'da hagaya.  Gabagabo  Dib-u-dejintu waxay ku khasabtay dunida il furan inay ka hor tagto dhibaatadeeda aqoonsiga. Miyaynu dhisaynaa wax wadaaga dhijitaalka ah, mise waxaan kabinaa faa'iidada shirkadaha? Jawaabtu waxay ku jirtaa sida aan u fasirno oo aan wax uga qabanno dhiirigelinta ka dambeysa dib-u-celinta iyo jawaabta ay bulshadu ka bixiso. Dhinaca kale, shirkaduhu waxay ku doodayaan in dib-u-kicintu ay tahay baahi dhab ah - hab lagu ilaaliyo maalgashigooda oo loo hubiyo in ay sii jiri doonto jawi tartan ah oo ay u badan yihiin kuwa kor u qaada. Dhanka kale, dhaleecayntu waxay u arkaan inay tahay jebinta kalsoonida, halkaas oo mudnaanta shirkadu ay hadheeyeen hab-dhaqanka wada shaqaynta furan.  Cilmi-baarista Foster ayaa ka baxsan ogaanshaha xiisaddan. Waxay muujinaysaa dariiqooyinka la qaadi karo ee lagu maro biyaha duufaanta leh. Soo ifbaxa fargeeto ay bulshadu wadato iyo qaababka maamul ee dhexdhexaadka ah waxay bixinayaan aragti adag oo mustaqbalka ah. Fargeetooyinka sida OpenSearch, Valkey, iyo OpenTofu waxay soo bandhigaan adkeysiga bulshooyinka isha furan marka ay isku soo baxaan mabaadi'da daah-furnaanta iyo ka-wada-jirka. Mashruucyadani waxay muujinayaan inay suurtogal tahay in laga baxo xakamaynta shirkadda iyo dib-u-dhiska nidaamyada deegaanka ee mudnaanta siiya lahaanshaha wadajirka ah iyo hal-abuurka.  Runtu waxay ahaanaysaa in tani aanay ahayn natiijo la dammaanad qaaday. U gudubka mashaariicda la fasaxay ee loo guuro fargeetooyinku waxay soo bandhigaysaa caqabado: Nidaamyada deegaanka oo kala qaybsan, arrimaha ku habboonaanta, iyo khatarta dadaallada bulshada ee la qasay. Qorshaha Foster's Roadmap wuxuu xooga saarayaa baahida loo qabo wada hadal furan, halkaas oo labada hay'adood iyo bulshooyinkuba ay ku hawlan yihiin go'aan-qaadasho la wadaago. Qaab-dhismeedka maamulka dhexdhexaadka ah, sida kuwa ay bixiso Linux Foundation, ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara hubinta in fargeeto ay sii ahaato mid loo dhan yahay oo waara.  Ugu dambeyntii, mustaqbalka il furan wuxuu ku xiran yahay rabitaanka wakiilladeeda inay wax ka bartaan casharradan. Haddii dib-u-kicintu ay horseeddo kala qaybsanaan qoto dheer ama mid xooggan, wax-is-weydaarsiga dhijitaalka ah ee ka dhexeeya waxay ku xiran tahay doorashooyinka maanta la sameeyay.  Isha furan ma dhiman—waa la fargeeto. Haddii fargeetadaas ay horseeddo isku-duubnaan weyn ama kala qaybsanaan qoto dheer waxay ku xiran tahay doorashada aan sameyno maanta.   Tixraacyo  Foster, D. (2024). "Dhaqdhaqaaqa Cusub ee Isha Furan: Ruqsad-siinta, Fargeetada, & Saamaynta Bulshada."  arXiv:2411.04739  Laastikada (2024). "Waa maxay sababta aan u dooranay SSPL."  FAQ ee shatiga  OpenSearch Foundation (2024). "Ogaysiinta Daahfurka Aasaaska Software-ka OpenSearch."  Bilaabida Ogeysiinta  HashiCorp (2024). "Isbeddelka Shatiga Terraform."  FAQ siinta shatiga  OpenTofu (2024).  opentofu.org  Redis Labs (2024).  redislabs.com

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