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Prêmios Nobel por país – ou criando uma nuvem de tags com JavaScript

por Awan Shrestha23m2023/10/02

Muito longo; Para ler

Os anúncios do Prémio Nobel 2023 aproximam-se, de 2 a 9 de outubro. Isto despertou o meu interesse pelos laureados com o Nobel e pelos seus países de origem. Descobri uma lista completa de ganhadores do Prêmio Nobel na Britannica e usei JavaScript para criar uma nuvem de tags interativa (ou nuvem de palavras), revelando os países com o maior número de ganhadores do Nobel na história. Enquanto trabalhava neste projeto, percebi que seria um tutorial interessante sobre como construir nuvens de tags baseadas em JS. Então, se você está curioso sobre os ganhadores do Nobel por país, explore o gráfico. E continue lendo para aprender como fazer sua própria nuvem de tags como esta.

featured image - Prêmios Nobel por país – ou criando uma nuvem de tags com JavaScript

Os anúncios do Prêmio Nobel 2023 estão chegando, programados para 2 a 9 de outubro. Recentemente, me deparei com esta notícia, despertando meu interesse pelos ganhadores do Nobel e seus países de origem.

Essa curiosidade me levou à lista abrangente de ganhadores do Prêmio Nobel na Britannica , que transformei em uma nuvem de tags interativa (ou nuvem de palavras ) usando JavaScript, fornecendo um meio elegante para explorar e descobrir os países com o maior número de ganhadores do Nobel ao longo da história. .

Durante esse processo, percebi que essa visualização poderia servir como um excelente exemplo ilustrativo para um tutorial sobre como criar nuvens de tags interativas baseadas em JS. Então, se você compartilha minha curiosidade sobre os ganhadores do Nobel por país, você terá uma surpresa logo abaixo!

E se você está ansioso para saber como dei vida a essa nuvem de tags - e, portanto, como você pode criar a sua própria - continue lendo!

Nuvem de tags de ganhadores do Nobel por país

Explore a versão interativa no CodePen .

A. Criando uma nuvem de tags JS básica

Inicialmente, codifiquei uma nuvem de tags JavaScript básica. Se você tem experiência na criação de gráficos JS, já entende como isso funciona. Mas caso esta seja sua primeira vez, vamos começar com o básico. O processo pode ser dividido em quatro etapas fundamentais:

Criando um contêiner da web
Incluindo arquivos JavaScript
Adicionando dados
Escrevendo algum código de gráfico JS

1. Criando um contêiner da web

Eu construí uma página da web básica em HTML. Lá, adicionei um elemento <div> e dei a ele um ID exclusivo — é o local para desenhar a nuvem de tags. Eu queria que o gráfico ocupasse toda a página, então adicionei o código CSS apropriado usando a tag <style> ; claro, você pode definir isso ao seu gosto.

 <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>JavaScript Tag Cloud</title> <style type="text/css"> html, body, #container { width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="container"></div> </body> </html>

2. Incluindo arquivos JavaScript

Depois de concluir o layout básico da página HTML, incluí os arquivos JavaScript necessários na seção <head> .

Existem muitas bibliotecas de gráficos JavaScript que podem ajudar a visualizar dados com menos esforço do que seria necessário de outra forma. Optei pelo AnyChart , que oferece suporte a nuvens de tags prontas para uso, fornece documentos detalhados e é gratuito para uso sem fins lucrativos; de qualquer forma, é apenas um exemplo e o básico permanece o mesmo com outras bibliotecas.

Então, adicionei os scripts necessários.

 <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>JavaScript Tag Cloud</title> <script src="https://cdn.anychart.com/releases/8.11.0/js/anychart-core.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.anychart.com/releases/8.11.0/js/anychart-tag-cloud.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> html, body, #container { width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="container"></div> <script> // All the code for the tag cloud will come here. </script> </body> </html>

3. Adicionando Dados

Para esta nuvem de tags, peguei dados da Britannica . Quatro pessoas ganharam o Prêmio Nobel várias vezes: Frederick Sanger, Linus Pauling, John Bardeen e Marie Curie; Contei-os apenas uma vez. Alguns laureados pertencem a dois países; Eu os contei para ambos.

Os dados precisaram de algumas modificações antes que eu pudesse inseri-los na nuvem de palavras. Converti-o em um array de objetos com quatro propriedades:

x — para o nome do país

valor - para o número de ganhadores do Nobel daquele país

categoria — para o continente

URL — contendo um link para a Wikipedia para mais informações. (Nota: alguns países que existiam no início do século 20 são agora outros países; a Britannica armazena os nomes originais dos países, o que nem sempre é o caso na Wikipedia, portanto, as contagens totais por país são um pouco diferentes.)

 var data = [ { "x": "Alsace", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Austria", "value": 12, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Austria"}, { "x": "Austria-Hungary", "value": 3, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Austria"}, { "x": "Australia", "value": 8, "category": "Australia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Australia"}, { "x": "Argentina", "value": 5, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Argentina"}, { "x": "Bangladesh", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Bangladesh"}, { "x": "Belarus", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Belarus"}, { "x": "Belgium", "value": 9, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Belgium"}, { "x": "Bulgaria", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Bulgaria"}, { "x": "Canada", "value": 15, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Canada"}, { "x": "Chile", "value": 2, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Chile"}, { "x": "China", "value": 5, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#China,_(People's_Republic_of_China)"}, { "x": "Colombia", "value": 2, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Colombia"}, { "x": "Costa Rica", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Costa_Rica"}, { "x": "Cyprus", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Cyprus"}, { "x": "Czechoslovakia", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Czech_Republic"}, { "x": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Congo,_Democratic_Republic"}, { "x": "Denmark", "value": 13, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Denmark"}, { "x": "Egypt", "value": 4, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Egypt"}, { "x": "Ethiopia", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ethiopia"}, { "x": "Finland", "value": 4, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Finland"}, { "x": "France", "value": 60, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#France"}, { "x": "Germany", "value": 61, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Ghana", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ghana"}, { "x": "Greece", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Greece"}, { "x": "Guatemala", "value": 2, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Guatemala"}, { "x": "Hungary", "value": 3, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Hungary"}, { "x": "Iceland", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iceland"}, { "x": "India", "value": 5, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#India"}, { "x": "Iran", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iran"}, { "x": "Iraq", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iraq"}, { "x": "Ireland", "value": 7, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ireland"}, { "x": "Israel", "value": 13, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Israel"}, { "x": "Italy", "value": 15, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Italy"}, { "x": "Japan", "value": 25, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Japan"}, { "x": "Kenya", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Kenya"}, { "x": "Liberia", "value": 2, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Liberia"}, { "x": "Luxembourg", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Luxembourg"}, { "x": "Mexico", "value": 2, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Mexico"}, { "x": "Myanmar", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Myanmar"}, { "x": "Netherlands", "value": 19, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Netherlands"}, { "x": "Nigeria", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Nigeria"}, { "x": "Norway", "value": 11, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Norway"}, { "x": "Northern Ireland", "value": 4, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ireland"}, { "x": "Pakistan", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Pakistan"}, { "x": "Peru", "value": 1, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Peru"}, { "x": "Philippines", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Philippines"}, { "x": "Poland", "value": 5, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Poland"}, { "x": "Portugal", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Portugal"}, { "x": "Russia", "value": 7, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Russia_and_Soviet_Union"}, { "x": "Spain", "value": 6, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Spain"}, { "x": "South Africa", "value": 7, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#South_Africa"}, { "x": "South Korea", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#South_Korea"}, { "x": "St. Lucia", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Saint_Lucia"}, { "x": "Sweden", "value": 34, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Sweden"}, { "x": "Switzerland", "value": 24, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Switzerland"}, { "x": "Tanzania", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Tanzania"}, { "x": "Tibet", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Tibet"}, { "x": "Timorese", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#East_Timor"}, { "x": "Trinidad", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Trinidad_and_Tobago"}, { "x": "Turkey", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Turkey"}, { "x": "Ukraine", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ukraine"}, { "x": "United Kingdom", "value": 119, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#United_Kingdom"}, { "x": "United States", "value": 393, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#United_States"}, { "x": "USSR", "value": 15, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Russia_and_Soviet_Union"}, { "x": "Vietnam", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Vietnam"}, { "x": "West Germany", "value": 23, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Yemen", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Yemen"}, { "x": "Yugoslavia", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Yugoslavia"} ];

Sim, são muitos países!

4. Escrevendo algum código de gráficos JS

Por fim, adicionei algumas linhas de código JavaScript para desenhar a própria nuvem de tags. Foi bastante simples.

Comecei a escrever a função anychart.onDocumentReady() .

 <script> anychart.onDocumentReady(function () { // The tag cloud data and code will be in this section. }); </script>

Dentro dele, adicionei os dados da etapa anterior, criei uma instância de nuvem de tags, defini o título do gráfico, referenciei o ID do elemento contêiner e desenhei a nuvem de tags resultante.

 anychart.onDocumentReady(function () { // add data (copying from step 3) ... // create a tag cloud with the added data var chart = anychart.tagCloud(data); // set the chart title chart.title("Nobel Laureates by Country"); // set the container element id chart.container("container"); // initiate the drawing of the chart chart.draw(); });

Esta é a aparência da nuvem de tags inicial - a versão interativa pode ser encontrada no CodePen . Além disso, coloquei o código inteiro abaixo.

 <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>JavaScript Tag Cloud</title> <script src="https://cdn.anychart.com/releases/8.11.0/js/anychart-core.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.anychart.com/releases/8.11.0/js/anychart-tag-cloud.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> html, body, #container { width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="container"></div> <script> anychart.onDocumentReady(function () { // add data var data = [ { "x": "Alsace", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Austria", "value": 12, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Austria"}, { "x": "Austria-Hungary", "value": 3, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Austria"}, { "x": "Australia", "value": 8, "category": "Australia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Australia"}, { "x": "Argentina", "value": 5, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Argentina"}, { "x": "Bangladesh", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Bangladesh"}, { "x": "Belarus", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Belarus"}, { "x": "Belgium", "value": 9, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Belgium"}, { "x": "Bulgaria", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Bulgaria"}, { "x": "Canada", "value": 15, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Canada"}, { "x": "Chile", "value": 2, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Chile"}, { "x": "China", "value": 5, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#China,_(People's_Republic_of_China)"}, { "x": "Colombia", "value": 2, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Colombia"}, { "x": "Costa Rica", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Costa_Rica"}, { "x": "Cyprus", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Cyprus"}, { "x": "Czechoslovakia", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Czech_Republic"}, { "x": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Congo,_Democratic_Republic"}, { "x": "Denmark", "value": 13, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Denmark"}, { "x": "Egypt", "value": 4, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Egypt"}, { "x": "Ethiopia", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ethiopia"}, { "x": "Finland", "value": 4, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Finland"}, { "x": "France", "value": 60, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#France"}, { "x": "Germany", "value": 61, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Ghana", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ghana"}, { "x": "Greece", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Greece"}, { "x": "Guatemala", "value": 2, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Guatemala"}, { "x": "Hungary", "value": 3, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Hungary"}, { "x": "Iceland", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iceland"}, { "x": "India", "value": 5, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#India"}, { "x": "Iran", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iran"}, { "x": "Iraq", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iraq"}, { "x": "Ireland", "value": 7, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ireland"}, { "x": "Israel", "value": 13, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Israel"}, { "x": "Italy", "value": 15, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Italy"}, { "x": "Japan", "value": 25, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Japan"}, { "x": "Kenya", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Kenya"}, { "x": "Liberia", "value": 2, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Liberia"}, { "x": "Luxembourg", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Luxembourg"}, { "x": "Mexico", "value": 2, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Mexico"}, { "x": "Myanmar", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Myanmar"}, { "x": "Netherlands", "value": 19, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Netherlands"}, { "x": "Nigeria", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Nigeria"}, { "x": "Norway", "value": 11, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Norway"}, { "x": "Northern Ireland", "value": 4, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ireland"}, { "x": "Pakistan", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Pakistan"}, { "x": "Peru", "value": 1, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Peru"}, { "x": "Philippines", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Philippines"}, { "x": "Poland", "value": 5, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Poland"}, { "x": "Portugal", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Portugal"}, { "x": "Russia", "value": 7, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Russia_and_Soviet_Union"}, { "x": "Spain", "value": 6, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Spain"}, { "x": "South Africa", "value": 7, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#South_Africa"}, { "x": "South Korea", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#South_Korea"}, { "x": "St. Lucia", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Saint_Lucia"}, { "x": "Sweden", "value": 34, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Sweden"}, { "x": "Switzerland", "value": 24, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Switzerland"}, { "x": "Tanzania", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Tanzania"}, { "x": "Tibet", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Tibet"}, { "x": "Timorese", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#East_Timor"}, { "x": "Trinidad", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Trinidad_and_Tobago"}, { "x": "Turkey", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Turkey"}, { "x": "Ukraine", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ukraine"}, { "x": "United Kingdom", "value": 119, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#United_Kingdom"}, { "x": "United States", "value": 393, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#United_States"}, { "x": "USSR", "value": 15, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Russia_and_Soviet_Union"}, { "x": "Vietnam", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Vietnam"}, { "x": "West Germany", "value": 23, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Yemen", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Yemen"}, { "x": "Yugoslavia", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Yugoslavia"} ]; // create a tag cloud with the added data var chart = anychart.tagCloud(data); // set the chart title chart.title("Nobel Laureates by Country"); // set the container element id chart.container("container"); // initiate the drawing of the chart chart.draw(); }); </script> </body> </html>

B. Personalização da nuvem de tags JS

Depois de obter aquela nuvem de tags JavaScript básica, decidi adicionar algumas personalizações para melhorar a visualização do gráfico.

1. Modificando a fonte

Primeiro, mudei a fonte. Para a customização do título, utilizei HTML.

 chart .title() .enabled(true) .useHtml(true) .text( '<span style="font-size: 20px;">Nobel Laureates by Country</span>' );

Eu também ajustei as tags.

 chart .normal() .fontWeight(600) .fontVariant('small-caps');

2. Mudando o ângulo

Segundo, mudei a forma como as tags são orientadas, definindo o ângulo como zero para que todas sejam exibidas horizontalmente.

 chart.angles([0]);

3. Melhorando a aparência visual

Terceiro, mudei as cores e adicionei uma gama de cores.

Criei uma escala de cores usando a função anychart.scales.ordinalColor() e passei uma matriz de cores para ela. Em seguida, configurei a escala de cores para o gráfico de nuvem de tags e adicionei uma faixa de cores.

 // create and configure a color scale let customColorScale = anychart.scales.ordinalColor(); customColorScale.colors(['#077fe8', '#1c9447', '#970fff', '#c47900', '#e80707','#323238']); // set the color scale as the color scale of the chart chart.colorScale(customColorScale); // get the color range let colorRange = chart.colorRange(); // enable the color range colorRange .enabled(true) .colorLineSize(15);

4. Aprimorando a dica de ferramenta

Quarto, melhorei a dica de ferramenta, uma dica que aparece quando você passa o mouse sobre as palavras em uma nuvem de tags interativa.

Acessei a função tooltip() e usei a função format() para alterar o conteúdo da dica.

 chart .tooltip() .format('Total Nobel Laureates: {%value}\n Continent: {%category}');

5. Adicionando interatividade com abertura de link

Por fim, decidi adicionar um ouvinte de evento para que uma nova página seja aberta com mais informações quando um país for clicado.

Usei a função listen() para “ouvir” quando alguém clica na tag de um país. Quando consegui acessar a propriedade URL no array de dados e adicionar a função window.open() para abrir a página da web com esse URL. Também passei a propriedade _blank para abrir a URL em uma nova aba.

 chart.listen("pointClick", function(e){ var url = e.point.get("url").toString(); window.open(url, "_blank"); });

Depois de todas essas personalizações, acabei obtendo uma nuvem de tags interessante, interativa e baseada em JavaScript, demonstrada abaixo.

É a versão final da nuvem de tags com a qual fiquei satisfeito. Confira o código-fonte completo no CodePen e fique à vontade para brincar com cores, interatividade e assim por diante — use toda a sua criatividade e tenho certeza que você vai gostar do processo.

Para sua conveniência, também estou colocando o código final da nuvem de tags JS abaixo.

 <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>JavaScript Tag Cloud</title> <script src="https://cdn.anychart.com/releases/8.11.0/js/anychart-core.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.anychart.com/releases/8.11.0/js/anychart-tag-cloud.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> html, body, #container { width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="container"></div> <script> anychart.onDocumentReady(function () { // add data var data = [ { "x": "Alsace", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Austria", "value": 12, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Austria"}, { "x": "Austria-Hungary", "value": 3, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Austria"}, { "x": "Australia", "value": 8, "category": "Australia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Australia"}, { "x": "Argentina", "value": 5, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Argentina"}, { "x": "Bangladesh", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Bangladesh"}, { "x": "Belarus", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Belarus"}, { "x": "Belgium", "value": 9, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Belgium"}, { "x": "Bulgaria", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Bulgaria"}, { "x": "Canada", "value": 15, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Canada"}, { "x": "Chile", "value": 2, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Chile"}, { "x": "China", "value": 5, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#China,_(People's_Republic_of_China)"}, { "x": "Colombia", "value": 2, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Colombia"}, { "x": "Costa Rica", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Costa_Rica"}, { "x": "Cyprus", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Cyprus"}, { "x": "Czechoslovakia", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Czech_Republic"}, { "x": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Congo,_Democratic_Republic"}, { "x": "Denmark", "value": 13, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Denmark"}, { "x": "Egypt", "value": 4, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Egypt"}, { "x": "Ethiopia", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ethiopia"}, { "x": "Finland", "value": 4, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Finland"}, { "x": "France", "value": 60, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#France"}, { "x": "Germany", "value": 61, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Ghana", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ghana"}, { "x": "Greece", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Greece"}, { "x": "Guatemala", "value": 2, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Guatemala"}, { "x": "Hungary", "value": 3, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Hungary"}, { "x": "Iceland", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iceland"}, { "x": "India", "value": 5, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#India"}, { "x": "Iran", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iran"}, { "x": "Iraq", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Iraq"}, { "x": "Ireland", "value": 7, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ireland"}, { "x": "Israel", "value": 13, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Israel"}, { "x": "Italy", "value": 15, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Italy"}, { "x": "Japan", "value": 25, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Japan"}, { "x": "Kenya", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Kenya"}, { "x": "Liberia", "value": 2, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Liberia"}, { "x": "Luxembourg", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Luxembourg"}, { "x": "Mexico", "value": 2, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Mexico"}, { "x": "Myanmar", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Myanmar"}, { "x": "Netherlands", "value": 19, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Netherlands"}, { "x": "Nigeria", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Nigeria"}, { "x": "Norway", "value": 11, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Norway"}, { "x": "Northern Ireland", "value": 4, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ireland"}, { "x": "Pakistan", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Pakistan"}, { "x": "Peru", "value": 1, "category": "South America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Peru"}, { "x": "Philippines", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Philippines"}, { "x": "Poland", "value": 5, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Poland"}, { "x": "Portugal", "value": 2, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Portugal"}, { "x": "Russia", "value": 7, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Russia_and_Soviet_Union"}, { "x": "Spain", "value": 6, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Spain"}, { "x": "South Africa", "value": 7, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#South_Africa"}, { "x": "South Korea", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#South_Korea"}, { "x": "St. Lucia", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Saint_Lucia"}, { "x": "Sweden", "value": 34, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Sweden"}, { "x": "Switzerland", "value": 24, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Switzerland"}, { "x": "Tanzania", "value": 1, "category": "Africa", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Tanzania"}, { "x": "Tibet", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Tibet"}, { "x": "Timorese", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#East_Timor"}, { "x": "Trinidad", "value": 1, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Trinidad_and_Tobago"}, { "x": "Turkey", "value": 2, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Turkey"}, { "x": "Ukraine", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Ukraine"}, { "x": "United Kingdom", "value": 119, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#United_Kingdom"}, { "x": "United States", "value": 393, "category": "North America", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#United_States"}, { "x": "USSR", "value": 15, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Russia_and_Soviet_Union"}, { "x": "Vietnam", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Vietnam"}, { "x": "West Germany", "value": 23, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Germany"}, { "x": "Yemen", "value": 1, "category": "Asia", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Yemen"}, { "x": "Yugoslavia", "value": 1, "category": "Europe", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_by_country#Yugoslavia"} ]; // create a tag cloud with the added data var chart = anychart.tagCloud(data); // set the chart title chart .title() .enabled(true) .useHtml(true) .text( '<span style="font-size: 20px;">Nobel Laureates by Country</span>' ); // customize the font settings chart .normal() .fontWeight(600) .fontVariant('small-caps'); // set the angle chart.angles([0]); // create and configure a color scale let customColorScale = anychart.scales.ordinalColor(); customColorScale.colors(['#077fe8', '#1c9447', '#970fff', '#c47900', '#e80707','#323238']); // set the color scale as the color scale of the chart chart.colorScale(customColorScale); // get the color range let colorRange = chart.colorRange(); // enable the color range colorRange .enabled(true) .colorLineSize(15); // format the tooltip chart .tooltip() .format('Total Nobel Laureates: {%value}\n Continent: {%category}'); // add an event listener to open a url on click chart.listen("pointClick", function(e){ var url = e.point.get("url").toString(); window.open(url, "_blank"); }); // set the container element id chart.container("container"); // initiate the drawing of the chart chart.draw(); }); </script> </body> </html>

Conclusão

Pois bem, foi assim que criei minha nuvem de tags usando JavaScript (HTML5), exibindo as estatísticas dos ganhadores do Nobel por país. Espero que meu tutorial passo a passo ajude você a colocar rapidamente seus próprios gráficos desse tipo em funcionamento.

Deixe suas dúvidas nos comentários, se houver, e eu adoraria conferir suas nuvens de tags!