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"A pessoa que controla o algoritmo controla o mundo, certo?" Mark Cuban no Lex Fridman Podpor@videoman
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538 leituras

"A pessoa que controla o algoritmo controla o mundo, certo?" Mark Cuban no Lex Fridman Pod

por Video Man
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Video Man

@videoman

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1 min read2024/04/04
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Muito longo; Para ler

Mark Cuban é empresário, investidor, estrela da série de TV Shark Tank, dono do Dallas Mavericks e fundador da Cost Plus Drug. Lex não é Lex Luther.
featured image - "A pessoa que controla o algoritmo controla o mundo, certo?" Mark Cuban no Lex Fridman Pod
Video Man HackerNoon profile picture
Video Man

Video Man

@videoman

i'm a man i'm a man i'm a video man



- The person who controls the algorithm

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controls the world, right?

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And if you are committedto one specific platform

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as your singular source of information

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or affiliated platforms,

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then whoever controls thealgorithm or the programming there

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controls you.

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(air whooshes)

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(logo sizzles)

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- The following is aconversation with Mark Cuban,

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a multi-billionaire businessman,

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an investor and star ofthe series "Shark Tank,"

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longtime principal ownerof the Dallas Mavericks,

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and is someone who is unafraid

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to get into frequent battles on X.

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Most recently over topics of DEI, wokeism,

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gender, and identity politics

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with the likes of ElonMusk and Jordan Peterson.

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This is the Lex Fridman podcast.

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To support it, pleasecheck out our sponsors

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in the description.

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And now, dear friends, here's Mark Cuban.

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You've started many businesses,invested in many businesses,

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heard a lot of pitchesprivately and on "Shark Tank."

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So you're the perfect person to ask,

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what makes a great entrepreneur?

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- Somebody who's curious,they wanna keep on learning,

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'cause business isever-changing, it's never static.

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Somebody who's agile.

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Because as you learn new things

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and the environment around you changes,

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you have to be able toadapt and make the changes,

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and somebody who can sell,

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because no business hasever survived without sales.

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And as an entrepreneurwho's creating a company,

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whatever your product or service is,

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if that's not the most important thing

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and you're just dying andexcited to tell people about it,

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then you're not gonna succeed.

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- But it's also a skillthing. How do you sell?

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What do you mean by selling?

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- Selling is just helping.

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I've always looked atit about putting myself

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in the shoes of another person

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and asking a simple question,can I help this person?

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Can my product help them?

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From the time I was 12 years old,

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selling garbage bags door to door

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and just asking a simple question,

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"Do you use garbage bags?Do you need garbage bags?

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Well, let me save you some time.

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I'll bring them to yourhouse and drop them off."

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To, you know, streaming.

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Why do we need streamingwhen we have TV and radio?

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Well, you can't get accessto your TV and radio

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everywhere you go.

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So we kind of break downgeographic and physical barriers.

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And, you know, Cost Plus Drugs.

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You know, what's the productthat we actually sell?

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We sell trust.

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In a simplistic approach,we buy drugs to sell drugs,

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but we add transparency to it.

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And bringing transparency to an industry

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is a differentiation, and it helps people.

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- Trust in an industry that'shighly lacking in trust.

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- Exactly.

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- Okay, so what's the trickto selling garbage bags?

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Let's go back there.At 12 years old, what?

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I mean, is it just your natural charisma?

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I guess a good question to ask,

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are you born with itor can you develop it?

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- Oh, you can definitely develop it.

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Yeah, I mean, because sellinggarbage bags door to door

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was easy, right?

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It was like (bangs knuckles)12-year-old Mark going,

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"Hi, my name is Mark, doyou use garbage bags?"

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You know what the answer'sgoing to be, right?

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"Can I just drop them off for you?

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You know, once a week,whenever you need them,

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you just call, and I'll bring them down."

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"Sure."

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So that was easy.

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- But I'm sure you've been rejected.

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- Oh yeah, of course.Not everybody says yes.

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- What was your percentage?

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- I don't remember, butit's pretty close to 100%.

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- Oh, okay, never mind. Sothat's why you don't remember.

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- Yeah, right.

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'Cause who's gonna sayno to a 12-year-old kid

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who's gonna save him time and money?

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But you know,

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typically my career whereI've started companies,

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it's to do something thatother people aren't doing.

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Whether it was connecting PCsand to local area networks

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and at MicroSolutions.

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And you know, the salesmanshipwas walking into a company

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and just saying, "Look, talk to me

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and I can help youimprove your productivity

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and your profitability,is that important to you?"

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And the answer is obviously always yes.

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And then the question is, can I do the job

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and can I do it cost effectively?

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And so you didn't haveto be a born salesperson

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to be able to ask those questions,

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but you have to be able tobe willing to put in the time

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to learn that business.

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And that's the hardest part.

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- I'm sure there's askill thing to it too,

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in like how you solve the puzzle

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of communicating with aperson and convincing them.

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- Yeah, I mean, there'sskill from the perspective

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that I read like a maniac.

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Then like now

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you can give me an exampleof any type of business

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and it'll take me twoseconds to figure out

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how they make money and how Ican make them more productive.

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And I think that'sprobably my biggest skill,

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being able to just drill down

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to what the actual need is, if any.

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And then, you know, fromthere, being able to say,

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well, if this is what this company does,

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and this is what their goal is,

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how can I introduce something new

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that they haven't seen before?

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And is that a business that I can create

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and make money from?

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- So figure out how this kind of business

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makes money in the present.

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And then figure out,

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is there a way to makemore money in the future

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by introducing a totallynew kind of thing.

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- Correct.

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- And you can just do that with anything.

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- [Mark] Pretty much, yeah.

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- And you think you're born with that?

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- No, I worked at it because, you know,

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going back to what I saidearlier about curiosity,

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you have to be insanely curious

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because the world is always changing.

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My dad used to say,

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we don't live in the worldwe were born into, you know?

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Which is absolutely true.

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If you're not a voraciousconsumer of information,

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then you're not gonna be able to keep up.

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And no matter what yoursales skills or ability are,

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they're gonna be useless.

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- What'd you learn aboutlife from your dad?

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You mentioned your dad.

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- My dad did upholsteryon cars, you know, got up,

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went to work everymorning at seven o'clock,

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came back five or six,seven o'clock, exhausted.

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And I learned to be nice.

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I learned to be caring, Ilearned to be accepting.

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Just, you know, qualities

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that I think he really tried to pass on

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to myself and my two younger brothers

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were just be a good human, you know?

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And I think, you know, hedidn't have business experience.

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So as I got into business,he would just, you know,

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say, sorry, Mark, I can't help you.

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You know, I don't understandwhat you're doing.

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He never went,

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neither one of my parentshad gone to college.

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You've gotta figure it out for yourself.

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But he was also veryinsistent that, you know,

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he worked at a companycalled Regency Products

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where they did upholstery on cars.

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And he would bring methere to sweep the floors,

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not because he wanted meto learn that business,

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because he wanted me to learn

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how backbreaking that work was.

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I mean, he lost an eyein an accident at work,

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a staple broke.

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And the only thing hewanted for my brothers and I

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was for us to neverhave to work like that,

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to go to college, to figure it out.

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- You said to be nice.

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That said, you also said that you

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when you were first starting a business,

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you were a bit more of an asshole

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than you wish you would've been.

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- Absolutely, yeah, yeah,because I was more of a yeller.

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I was, you know, I didn't have.

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- No really, Mark Cuban?

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- You know, what you seeon the sidelines, you know,

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with me at a Mavs game,maybe a little bit.

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But I also didn't haveany patience for somebody

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I thought wasn't using mykind of common sense, right?

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Because I was always onthe go, go, go, go, go.

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Particularly when I was younger,

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just trying to be successful,

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trying to get to the pointwhere I had independence.

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And I would tell this to people, you know,

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either you're speeding upand getting on the train,

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or you know, we'll stop

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and drop you off at the next station,

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but let's go where you go.

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- Did you have trouble withthe hire fast fire fast

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part of running a business?

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- Yeah, always, 'causeI hated firing people.

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'Cause it meant, one, it was an admission

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of a mistake in the hiring.

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And two, the salesperson in me

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always wanted to come out ahead.

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And I was always horrible at firing.

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But I always partnered with people

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who had no problem with it.

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So I always delegated that.

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- Well, that's the tricky thing

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when you're working with somebody

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and they're not quite there,and you have to decide,

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are they going to step upand grow into the person

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that's the right, or they're not.

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And in that gray area isprobably where you have to fire.

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- Well, it's hard. Yeah, for sure.

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Because, you know,

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there is obviously a failuresomewhere in the process,

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you know, what did we do wrong?

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And when I would interviewpeople for jobs, I mean,

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99% of the people I've everinterviewed I've wanted to hire,

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because in my mind, it was like,

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okay, I can figure out howto make this person work.

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Right, and then they wouldn't,

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and then, you know, peopleat the company'd be like,

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Mark, you suck at this.

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You know? And so I alwaysdelegated the hiring.

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- Yeah, I mean, I'm the same.I see the potential in people.

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I see the beauty in people,

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and which is a great way to live life.

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But when you're running acompany, it's a different thing.

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- It's different.

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And you gotta know what you're good at

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and what you're bad at, right?

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I was good at, you know, Iwas a ready, fire, aim guy,

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and I always partnered with people

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who were very anal and perfectionist

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because where I could justgo, go, go, go, go, go.

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They would keep me inside the baselines.

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- They would do the duediligence, I suppose.

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- Yeah, or just, yeah, the detail work,

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the dot the i's and the cross the t's.

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- What does it take totake that first leap

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into starting a business?

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- That's the hardest part.

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It really depends on yourpersonal circumstances.

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Like, I got fired.

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I mean, I was sleeping on the floor

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with six guys in athree bedroom apartment,

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so I couldn't go any lower.

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So there was no downside.- That's the bottom.

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- Yeah, there was no downsidefor me starting a business.

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And it was just like, you know,

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I was 25 when we started MicroSolutions,

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and, you know, I'd just gotten fired

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and it was like, look,I'm a lousy employee.

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I'm gonna just start goingto some of my prospects

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that I had at my job,

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and asked them to frontthe money that I needed

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to install some software,

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and found this company,Architectural Lighting,

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who put up $500 for me thatallowed me to buy software

[00:09:14] : [00:09:18]

and have 50% margins.

[00:09:18] : [00:09:19]

And, you know, that'show I started my company.

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- But like, by way ofadvice, would you say?

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I mean, it's a terrifying thing.

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- Yeah, I mean, you'vegotta be in a position

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where you're confident.

[00:09:26] : [00:09:27]

You know, I get emails

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and approached by people all the time,

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you know, what kind ofbusiness should I start?

[00:09:30] : [00:09:32]

That tells me you're not readyto start a business, right?

[00:09:32] : [00:09:34]

Either you're prepared andyou know it, or you don't.

[00:09:34] : [00:09:37]

You know, in the United States,with the American dream,

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everybody kind of alwayslooks at themselves

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and say, okay, you know,I have this idea, right?

[00:09:44] : [00:09:47]

And then you go throughthis process of saying,

[00:09:47] : [00:09:49]

okay, you know, you talkto your friends or family,

[00:09:49] : [00:09:51]

what do you think?

[00:09:51] : [00:09:53]

And they almost always, oh,it's a great idea, tight?

[00:09:53] : [00:09:55]

Then you go on Googleand you say, oh my God,

[00:09:55] : [00:09:57]

no one else is doing it,without thinking, you know,

[00:09:57] : [00:09:59]

10 companies had gone outtabusiness trying the same thing,

[00:09:59] : [00:10:02]

but okay, it's on Google,and then people stop, right?

[00:10:02] : [00:10:06]

Because that next step means,

[00:10:06] : [00:10:08]

okay, I have to changewhat I'm doing in my life.

[00:10:08] : [00:10:11]

And that's not easy for 99% of the people.

[00:10:11] : [00:10:14]

Some people look at that as an opportunity

[00:10:14] : [00:10:15]

and get excited about it.

[00:10:15] : [00:10:17]

Some people get terrified,

[00:10:17] : [00:10:18]

because it's okay, maybe I'm comfortable,

[00:10:18] : [00:10:21]

maybe I have responsibilities.

[00:10:21] : [00:10:24]

And so whatever your circumstances are,

[00:10:24] : [00:10:26]

if you want to take that next step,

[00:10:26] : [00:10:28]

you have to be able todeal with the consequences

[00:10:28] : [00:10:30]

of changing your circumstances.

[00:10:30] : [00:10:32]

And that's the first thing.

[00:10:32] : [00:10:34]

You know, do you save money?

[00:10:34] : [00:10:35]

So you know so you have,you know, if you have a job,

[00:10:35] : [00:10:37]

but you have a mortgage,do you have a family?

[00:10:37] : [00:10:39]

You've gotta save money. Youcan't just walk, you know?

[00:10:39] : [00:10:42]

I mean, they've gotta eat andthey've gotta have shelter.

[00:10:42] : [00:10:44]

But on the other side of thecoin, if you've got nothing,

[00:10:44] : [00:10:47]

it's the perfect time to start a business.

[00:10:47] : [00:10:49]

- Yeah, desperation is a good catalyst

[00:10:49] : [00:10:51]

for starting a business,but in many cases,

[00:10:51] : [00:10:53]

the decision as you're talking about,

[00:10:53] : [00:10:55]

you're gonna have tomake, is to leave a job

[00:10:55] : [00:10:57]

that's providing somedegree of comfort already.

[00:10:57] : [00:11:00]

So I suppose when you'resleeping on the floor

[00:11:00] : [00:11:03]

and there's six guys,it's a little bit easier.

[00:11:03] : [00:11:05]

- It's really easy, right?

[00:11:05] : [00:11:07]

Particularly when you get fired

[00:11:07] : [00:11:08]

and you don't have a job, you know,

[00:11:08] : [00:11:09]

and you're looking at bartending at night

[00:11:09] : [00:11:10]

to try to pay the bills.

[00:11:10] : [00:11:12]

And so it wasn't hard for me,

[00:11:12] : [00:11:14]

but to your point, it reallycomes down to preparation.

[00:11:14] : [00:11:18]

You know, if it's important enough to you,

[00:11:18] : [00:11:19]

you'll save the money,you'll give up, you know,

[00:11:19] : [00:11:22]

whatever it is you need togive up to put the money aside.

[00:11:22] : [00:11:26]

If you have obligations,you'll put in the work

[00:11:26] : [00:11:30]

to learn as much as youcan about that industry

[00:11:30] : [00:11:32]

so that when you start yourbusiness, you're prepared.

[00:11:32] : [00:11:35]

And you can always, youknow, at night, on weekends,

[00:11:35] : [00:11:38]

whenever you find time,lunch, start making the calls

[00:11:38] : [00:11:41]

to find out if people willwrite you a check, you know,

[00:11:41] : [00:11:43]

or transfer you the money to buy

[00:11:43] : [00:11:44]

whatever it is you're selling.

[00:11:44] : [00:11:46]

And by doing those things,

[00:11:46] : [00:11:47]

you can put yourself ina position to succeed.

[00:11:47] : [00:11:50]

It's where people just think,okay, you know, Geronimo,

[00:11:50] : [00:11:53]

I'm leaping off the edge of a cliff

[00:11:53] : [00:11:55]

and I'm starting a business, that's tough.

[00:11:55] : [00:11:57]

- But sometimes that's likethe way you do it, though.

[00:11:57] : [00:11:59]

- There's always examples ofany situation or scenario.

[00:11:59] : [00:12:02]

Right, but I mean.

[00:12:02] : [00:12:03]

- [Lex] Anecdotal evidence for everything.

[00:12:03] : [00:12:05]

- Yeah, but if you'regoing into a new business,

[00:12:05] : [00:12:06]

you're gonna have competition

[00:12:06] : [00:12:07]

unless you're really, really,really, really, really lucky.

[00:12:07] : [00:12:10]

And that competition isnot gonna just say, okay,

[00:12:10] : [00:12:12]

let Lex or Mark just kick our ass.

[00:12:12] : [00:12:14]

And so you've gotta be prepared

[00:12:14] : [00:12:15]

on how you're gonna dealwith that competition.

[00:12:15] : [00:12:18]

- What do you think that is about America

[00:12:18] : [00:12:21]

that has so many peoplewho have that dream

[00:12:21] : [00:12:25]

and act on that dreamof starting a business?

[00:12:25] : [00:12:28]

- You know, I thinkwe've just got a culture

[00:12:28] : [00:12:32]

of consumption and more, you know,

[00:12:32] : [00:12:35]

and to get more, you've got to, you know,

[00:12:35] : [00:12:39]

creating a business gives youthe greatest potential upside

[00:12:39] : [00:12:42]

and the greatest leverage on your time,

[00:12:42] : [00:12:44]

but it also creates the most risk.

[00:12:44] : [00:12:47]

- So that capitalist machine,there's a lot of elements,

[00:12:47] : [00:12:50]

by contrast, the respect for the law.

[00:12:50] : [00:12:54]

Like an entrepreneur can trustthat if they pull it off,

[00:12:54] : [00:12:57]

the law will protect them,there won't be a government.

[00:12:57] : [00:13:00]

- Hopefully that's still the case, yeah.

[00:13:00] : [00:13:01]

- [Lex] Well, yeah,there's always something.

[00:13:01] : [00:13:03]

- Yeah, us versus othercountries, you're right, right.

[00:13:03] : [00:13:05]

So us versus other countries,

[00:13:05] : [00:13:06]

like Joe Biden of all people said to me,

[00:13:06] : [00:13:09]

it was at an entrepreneurship conference

[00:13:09] : [00:13:11]

that when he was vicepresident, he had put together,

[00:13:11] : [00:13:14]

and we had gone up there, abunch of us from "Shark Tank"

[00:13:14] : [00:13:17]

to talk to young entrepreneursfrom around the world.

[00:13:17] : [00:13:20]

And he said to me, "Mark, you know,

[00:13:20] : [00:13:22]

the one thing that separate,

[00:13:22] : [00:13:23]

I've been to everycountry around the world,

[00:13:23] : [00:13:25]

and the one thing that separatesus is entrepreneurship.

[00:13:25] : [00:13:28]

We're the most entrepreneurialcountry in the world,

[00:13:28] : [00:13:31]

and there's no one else who's even close."

[00:13:31] : [00:13:34]

And when you look at theorigin of our big, you know,

[00:13:34] : [00:13:37]

the biggest companies in theworld, for the most part,

[00:13:37] : [00:13:39]

there's an American originstory somewhere behind there.

[00:13:39] : [00:13:43]

And I think, you know, thatjust gets perpetuated on itself.

[00:13:43] : [00:13:47]

We see those Horatio Alger stories,

[00:13:47] : [00:13:49]

we see examples of theJeff Bezos of the world,

[00:13:49] : [00:13:53]

the Steve Jobs in the world,

[00:13:53] : [00:13:55]

and those are the typesof people we want to copy.

[00:13:55] : [00:13:58]

- Yeah, we wanna be really careful

[00:13:58] : [00:14:00]

and try to really figure out what that is,

[00:14:00] : [00:14:02]

because we don't wanna lose that.

[00:14:02] : [00:14:04]

- [Mark] For sure.

[00:14:04] : [00:14:05]

- We wanna protect the whatever, you know,

[00:14:05] : [00:14:06]

and that's a lot of the discussions about

[00:14:06] : [00:14:09]

what's the right way to do government,

[00:14:09] : [00:14:10]

big government, small government,what's the right policies?

[00:14:10] : [00:14:13]

But also culture, like who we celebrate.

[00:14:13] : [00:14:15]

One of the things that troubles me

[00:14:15] : [00:14:17]

is that we don't enoughcelebrate the entrepreneurs

[00:14:17] : [00:14:21]

that take risks and theentrepreneurs that succeed.

[00:14:21] : [00:14:24]

It seems like success, especiallywhen it comes with wealth,

[00:14:24] : [00:14:27]

is immediately matched with distrust

[00:14:27] : [00:14:31]

and criticism and all that kind of stuff.

[00:14:31] : [00:14:32]

- Yeah, it's changing for sure,

[00:14:32] : [00:14:33]

because, you know, you cango back just 12 years, right?

[00:14:33] : [00:14:36]

Traditional media dominated,let's just say through 2012,

[00:14:36] : [00:14:41]

you know, that was thepeak of linear television.

[00:14:41] : [00:14:43]

You know, newspapers weren't as strong,

[00:14:43] : [00:14:45]

but they still had somebreadth and depth to them.

[00:14:45] : [00:14:49]

And then social media comes along,

[00:14:49] : [00:14:50]

and everybody gets toplay in their own sandbox

[00:14:50] : [00:14:53]

and share opinions with peoplewho think just like them.

[00:14:53] : [00:14:57]

And it also gives them the opportunity

[00:14:57] : [00:15:00]

to amplify those feelings.

[00:15:00] : [00:15:02]

And I think that's wherecelebrating entrepreneurs

[00:15:02] : [00:15:07]

really started to subside some.

[00:15:07] : [00:15:09]

There were always peoplewho were progressive

[00:15:09] : [00:15:11]

that were like, billionaires are bad,

[00:15:11] : [00:15:12]

or millionaires are bad,depending on the time period.

[00:15:12] : [00:15:15]

But you didn't really see iton an ongoing basis, right?

[00:15:15] : [00:15:19]

It wasn't gonna be on the evening news.

[00:15:19] : [00:15:21]

It wasn't going to be in thefront page of the newspaper.

[00:15:21] : [00:15:24]

It was going to be, if you read a book

[00:15:24] : [00:15:26]

and someone talked aboutit, or you read a magazine

[00:15:26] : [00:15:28]

and there was an articletalking about, you know,

[00:15:28] : [00:15:31]

this progressive movement orthat progressive movement,

[00:15:31] : [00:15:32]

whatever it may be, youknow, or political parties.

[00:15:32] : [00:15:36]

But now all of that is frontand center on social media.

[00:15:36] : [00:15:41]

- Yeah, we're trying tofigure it out how we deal

[00:15:41] : [00:15:43]

with the mobs of peopleand the virality of it all.

[00:15:43] : [00:15:46]

And I think we'll find our footing

[00:15:46] : [00:15:49]

and start celebrating greatness again.

[00:15:49] : [00:15:51]

- Well, I mean, that's thewhole reason I do "Shark Tank."

[00:15:51] : [00:15:52]

- That's true. That showcelebrates the entrepreneur.

[00:15:52] : [00:15:55]

That's true.

[00:15:55] : [00:15:57]

- It's the only placewhere every single minute

[00:15:57] : [00:15:58]

of every single episode, you know,

[00:15:58] : [00:16:00]

we celebrate the American dream.

[00:16:00] : [00:16:02]

And the reason I do it iswe tell the entire country,

[00:16:02] : [00:16:05]

and it's shown around the world even.

[00:16:05] : [00:16:07]

You know, we're amazingadvertising for the American dream

[00:16:07] : [00:16:10]

in I don't even know how many countries.

[00:16:10] : [00:16:12]

But every time somebodywalks onto that carpet

[00:16:12] : [00:16:15]

from Dubuque, Iowa orKetchum, Idaho, you know,

[00:16:15] : [00:16:19]

that sends a message toevery kid who's watching,

[00:16:19] : [00:16:21]

seven, eight, nine, 10, 12-year-old kid

[00:16:21] : [00:16:24]

that if they can do it fromKetchum, Idaho, you can do it.

[00:16:24] : [00:16:27]

If they can have this idea and get a deal,

[00:16:27] : [00:16:29]

or even present to the Sharks

[00:16:29] : [00:16:30]

and have all of Americasee it, you can do it.

[00:16:30] : [00:16:33]

And that, I mean, I'm proud of that.

[00:16:33] : [00:16:35]

The 15 years of that, isjust, it's just been insane.

[00:16:35] : [00:16:39]

You know, now kids walkup to me and go, yeah,

[00:16:39] : [00:16:41]

I started watching youwhen I was five or 10,

[00:16:41] : [00:16:44]

and I started a business

[00:16:44] : [00:16:46]

'cause I learned aboutit from "Shark Tank."

[00:16:46] : [00:16:47]

And so, you know, I think, you know,

[00:16:47] : [00:16:50]

it celebrates it and we convey it.

[00:16:50] : [00:16:52]

And I don't think it's going away,

[00:16:52] : [00:16:54]

but there are differentbattles we have to fight

[00:16:54] : [00:16:57]

to support it.

[00:16:57] : [00:16:58]

- Yeah, I love even when

[00:16:58] : [00:16:59]

the business idea's obviously horrible,

[00:16:59] : [00:17:00]

just the guts to step up.

[00:17:00] : [00:17:04]

- [Mark] To be there.

[00:17:04] : [00:17:06]

- And to believe inyourself, to really reach,

[00:17:06] : [00:17:08]

I mean, that's what matters.

[00:17:08] : [00:17:09]

I mean, 'cause like someof the best business ideas

[00:17:09] : [00:17:12]

are probably, maybe even youand "Shark Tank" will laugh at.

[00:17:12] : [00:17:17]

- Oh, for sure.

[00:17:17] : [00:17:18]

You know, without question, the good ones,

[00:17:18] : [00:17:20]

we're not gonna recognize every good one.

[00:17:20] : [00:17:21]

And then sometimes we'lljust motivate people

[00:17:21] : [00:17:23]

to work even harder to get it done

[00:17:23] : [00:17:25]

'cause of what we say tothem, and that's fine too.

[00:17:25] : [00:17:27]

You know, there's beengreat success stories

[00:17:27] : [00:17:29]

that we said no to.

[00:17:29] : [00:17:30]

- What stands out aslike a memorable business

[00:17:30] : [00:17:33]

you've been pitched on "Shark Tank"?

[00:17:33] : [00:17:35]

What's the best one thatstands out on in memory?

[00:17:35] : [00:17:37]

- There's no best one,right? They're all different.

[00:17:37] : [00:17:39]

They're all best intheir own way, I guess.

[00:17:39] : [00:17:41]

The stupid ones.

[00:17:41] : [00:17:42]

And you know, we haven'thad any, you know,

[00:17:42] : [00:17:47]

world changing earthshattering ones, right?

[00:17:47] : [00:17:49]

Because those aren't gonnaapply to "Shark Tank."

[00:17:49] : [00:17:53]

They don't need us, right.

[00:17:53] : [00:17:55]

You know, so we typically get businesses

[00:17:55] : [00:17:57]

that need some help atsome level or another.

[00:17:57] : [00:17:59]

But there's ones I've passedthat I wish, like Spikeball.

[00:17:59] : [00:18:02]

Do you know what Spikeball is?

[00:18:02] : [00:18:03]

So it's this rebounding netthat you can put on the beach

[00:18:03] : [00:18:06]

and you have these yellow balls

[00:18:06] : [00:18:07]

and you play a game of, you know,

[00:18:07] : [00:18:08]

it's just a competitivegame, but they're killing it.

[00:18:08] : [00:18:10]

So if you go to beaches in New York or LA,

[00:18:10] : [00:18:14]

you'll see kids playing it all the time.

[00:18:14] : [00:18:16]

And it was a fun game that Iwish I had done a deal with.

[00:18:16] : [00:18:20]

And there's been others.

[00:18:20] : [00:18:21]

- [Lex] And you passed.

[00:18:21] : [00:18:22]

- And I passed.

[00:18:22] : [00:18:23]

They were getting some traction,

[00:18:23] : [00:18:24]

and they wanted to createleagues, Spikeball leagues,

[00:18:24] : [00:18:27]

and they wanted me to be the commissioner.

[00:18:27] : [00:18:28]

And I didn't want to be a commissioner

[00:18:28] : [00:18:30]

of a new Spikeball league.

[00:18:30] : [00:18:31]

- So you have to kindahave this gut feeling

[00:18:31] : [00:18:35]

of will this scale, willthis click with people?

[00:18:35] : [00:18:39]

- Of course.

[00:18:39] : [00:18:40]

Yeah, can it be protected?Is it differentiated?

[00:18:40] : [00:18:41]

Is it something thatmakes me think, you know,

[00:18:41] : [00:18:43]

why didn't I think of that?

[00:18:43] : [00:18:44]

Or is it just a good solid business

[00:18:44] : [00:18:48]

that's gonna pay a return to the founder

[00:18:48] : [00:18:52]

and may not be enough of a business

[00:18:52] : [00:18:53]

to return to an investor?

[00:18:53] : [00:18:56]

- Yeah, I mean, and I guess

[00:18:56] : [00:18:57]

the question you're trying to see,

[00:18:57] : [00:19:00]

will this scale, there's promise,

[00:19:00] : [00:19:03]

will the promise materializeinto a big thing?

[00:19:03] : [00:19:06]

- Well, see, I don't even care

[00:19:06] : [00:19:07]

if it's gonna be a big thing, right?

[00:19:07] : [00:19:09]

'Cause it's all relativeto the entrepreneur.

[00:19:09] : [00:19:11]

We had a 19-year-oldfrom Pittsburgh, Laney,

[00:19:11] : [00:19:13]

who came on with a simple sugar scrub.

[00:19:13] : [00:19:16]

And there was nothingoutrageously special about it.

[00:19:16] : [00:19:19]

I didn't see it becoming ahundred million dollar business.

[00:19:19] : [00:19:22]

I thought it could become atwo, three, $5 million business

[00:19:22] : [00:19:25]

that paid the bills for her.

[00:19:25] : [00:19:26]

And that was good enough.

[00:19:26] : [00:19:27]

And, you know, six monthsafter the show aired,

[00:19:27] : [00:19:30]

she called me up, she goes, Mark,

[00:19:30] : [00:19:33]

I've got a million dollars in the bank.

[00:19:33] : [00:19:34]

What am I gonna do? I'm like, enjoy it.

[00:19:34] : [00:19:37]

Put aside money for yourtaxes, and go back to work.

[00:19:37] : [00:19:40]

You know, and so it doesn'thave to be a huge business.

[00:19:40] : [00:19:42]

It's just gotta be one thatmakes the entrepreneur happy.

[00:19:42] : [00:19:45]

- But then there's thevaluation piece, I mean.

[00:19:45] : [00:19:48]

Do a lot of the entrepreneurs overvalue?

[00:19:48] : [00:19:51]

- [Mark] Yeah, of course.

[00:19:51] : [00:19:52]

- The business?

[00:19:52] : [00:19:53]

- Yeah, I mean, that'sthe nature of it, right?

[00:19:53] : [00:19:54]

I mean, and that's really

[00:19:54] : [00:19:55]

where the biggest conflictsin "Shark Tank" happened.

[00:19:55] : [00:19:58]

That's in evaluation.

[00:19:58] : [00:19:59]

They, you know, they thinkthis is the best business ever.

[00:19:59] : [00:20:02]

You know, there we had onelady couple that came on

[00:20:02] : [00:20:06]

and they had this scraperfor cat's tongues, right.

[00:20:06] : [00:20:10]

- [Lex] Nice.

[00:20:10] : [00:20:11]

- It was bizarre. Themost bizarre pitch ever.

[00:20:11] : [00:20:14]

- [Lex] I love it.

[00:20:14] : [00:20:15]

- You know, and they hadthis insane valuation,

[00:20:15] : [00:20:17]

and it was on becauseit was corny and fun TV,

[00:20:17] : [00:20:19]

not because it was a good business.

[00:20:19] : [00:20:20]

- Oh really? Okay, yeah, youdidn't see the potential.

[00:20:20] : [00:20:23]

- [Mark] None. Yeah, none.

[00:20:23] : [00:20:24]

- There's a lot of cats inthe world, Mark, come on.

[00:20:24] : [00:20:27]

- Yes, there are. And they'llgo do very well without me.

[00:20:27] : [00:20:30]

- So how do you determinethe value of a business,

[00:20:30] : [00:20:33]

whether it's on "SharkTank" or just in general?

[00:20:33] : [00:20:35]

- It's actually really easy, right?

[00:20:35] : [00:20:37]

So if you take, just to use an example,

[00:20:37] : [00:20:39]

a business that's valued at $1 million,

[00:20:39] : [00:20:42]

and I want to buy 10% ofthat company for $100,000,

[00:20:42] : [00:20:46]

then in order for me to get my money back,

[00:20:46] : [00:20:51]

they've gotta be able to generate $100,000

[00:20:51] : [00:20:53]

in after tax cash flow thatthey're able to distribute.

[00:20:53] : [00:20:57]

Can they do it or can they not, right?

[00:20:57] : [00:20:59]

And if it's $2 million,whatever the valuation is,

[00:20:59] : [00:21:03]

that's how much cash, aftertax cash they have to generate

[00:21:03] : [00:21:06]

to return that money to investors.

[00:21:06] : [00:21:09]

Or the other option is, do they, you know,

[00:21:09] : [00:21:11]

do I see this as businesspotentially having an exit?

[00:21:11] : [00:21:14]

Right, do they have some unique technology

[00:21:14] : [00:21:15]

or do they have somethingspecific about them

[00:21:15] : [00:21:19]

that some other companywould want to acquire?

[00:21:19] : [00:21:21]

Then the cash flow isn't as,

[00:21:21] : [00:21:23]

I don't wanna say important,

[00:21:23] : [00:21:26]

but isn't going to guide the valuation.

[00:21:26] : [00:21:28]

- And how do you know if acompany's gonna be acquired?

[00:21:28] : [00:21:31]

So it's the technology, like the patents,

[00:21:31] : [00:21:33]

but also the team, is it?

[00:21:33] : [00:21:34]

- Yeah, it could be anyof the above, right?

[00:21:34] : [00:21:35]

It could be, it could bea super products company

[00:21:35] : [00:21:38]

that I think is gonna take off.

[00:21:38] : [00:21:41]

- And how do you know ifthey can generate the money?

[00:21:41] : [00:21:43]

What's the, you made itsound easy, you know?

[00:21:43] : [00:21:46]

- Yeah, I mean, can the person sell?

[00:21:46] : [00:21:48]

You know, and if not them, can I do it,

[00:21:48] : [00:21:50]

or someone on my team do it for them?

[00:21:50] : [00:21:52]

- So you're looking at the person.

[00:21:52] : [00:21:54]

- Yeah, for sure. Yeah.

[00:21:54] : [00:21:55]

Barbara Corcoran's the best.

[00:21:55] : [00:21:57]

She can look at a person andhear them talk for 20 minutes

[00:21:57] : [00:21:59]

and know can that persondo the job and do the work?

[00:21:59] : [00:22:02]

- Can you tell if they'refull of shit or not?

[00:22:02] : [00:22:05]

So one of the things with entrepreneurs,

[00:22:05] : [00:22:07]

they're kind of like we said overvaluing,

[00:22:07] : [00:22:09]

so they're maybe overselling themselves,

[00:22:09] : [00:22:11]

but also they might be full of shit

[00:22:11] : [00:22:14]

in terms of theirunderstanding of the market,

[00:22:14] : [00:22:16]

or also like, or exaggeratingwhat their thing can do,

[00:22:16] : [00:22:19]

all that kind of stuff,can you see through that?

[00:22:19] : [00:22:21]

- Yeah, for sure. Just byasking questions, you know.

[00:22:21] : [00:22:23]

So if they are delusional at some level

[00:22:23] : [00:22:28]

or misleading at another level,I'm gonna call them on it,

[00:22:28] : [00:22:32]

you know, so you get people

[00:22:32] : [00:22:33]

trying to sell supplementsthat come on there

[00:22:33] : [00:22:35]

and it's a cure for canceror whatever it may be.

[00:22:35] : [00:22:37]

Or there's this latest fad that, you know,

[00:22:37] : [00:22:40]

increases your core strengthwithout doing any exercises.

[00:22:40] : [00:22:44]

You know, shit like that,I'm just gonna bounce,

[00:22:44] : [00:22:47]

I'm gonna pound on them, right.

[00:22:47] : [00:22:48]

- See, I still love that.

[00:22:48] : [00:22:49]

I still love the trying, just trying.

[00:22:49] : [00:22:51]

- No, you know, give them credit, right?

[00:22:51] : [00:22:53]

Because they know all ofAmerica's gonna see it,

[00:22:53] : [00:22:54]

and they're deluded themselves to believe

[00:22:54] : [00:22:56]

this story so strongly.

[00:22:56] : [00:22:58]

- I mean, there's a delusional aspect

[00:22:58] : [00:23:00]

to entrepreneurship, right, like you just.

[00:23:00] : [00:23:02]

- See, that's a great question.

[00:23:02] : [00:23:05]

Do you have to beambitious, and, you know,

[00:23:05] : [00:23:09]

set aside reality at some level

[00:23:09] : [00:23:11]

to think that you can create a company

[00:23:11] : [00:23:12]

that could be worth 10, 100,a billion dollars, right?

[00:23:12] : [00:23:17]

Yeah, at some level.

[00:23:17] : [00:23:17]

'Cause you don't know,it's all uncertainty.

[00:23:17] : [00:23:19]

But I think if you're delusional,that works against you,

[00:23:19] : [00:23:24]

because everything's grounded in reality.

[00:23:24] : [00:23:26]

You've got to execute, you'vegot to produce, you know,

[00:23:26] : [00:23:30]

you can have a vision, right?

[00:23:30] : [00:23:32]

And you can say, this iswhere I want to get to,

[00:23:32] : [00:23:34]

and that's my mission, orthis is my driving principle,

[00:23:34] : [00:23:36]

but you still gotta executeon the business plan.

[00:23:36] : [00:23:39]

And that's where most people fail.

[00:23:39] : [00:23:40]

- Yeah, you have to be kindof two brained, I guess.

[00:23:40] : [00:23:43]

You have to be able to dip into reality

[00:23:43] : [00:23:44]

when you're thinking about like,

[00:23:44] : [00:23:46]

the specifics of the product,how to design things,

[00:23:46] : [00:23:48]

like the, you know, the first principles,

[00:23:48] : [00:23:50]

the basics of how to build the thing,

[00:23:50] : [00:23:51]

how much it's gonna cost, all of that.

[00:23:51] : [00:23:53]

- Yeah, I mean, 'cause ifyou can't do the basics,

[00:23:53] : [00:23:55]

you're not gonna be ableto do the bigger things.

[00:23:55] : [00:23:56]

And at the same time,you've gotta be able,

[00:23:56] : [00:23:58]

one of the things that entrepreneurs do

[00:23:58] : [00:24:00]

that I always try to remindany that I work with on,

[00:24:00] : [00:24:03]

is we all tend to lie to ourselves.

[00:24:03] : [00:24:05]

Our product is bigger,faster, cheaper, this or that.

[00:24:05] : [00:24:08]

As if that is a finite situation,

[00:24:08] : [00:24:13]

that's never going to change, right.

[00:24:13] : [00:24:14]

And there's always somebody,

[00:24:14] : [00:24:16]

I call them leapfrog businesses.

[00:24:16] : [00:24:18]

Whoever's competing against you, you know,

[00:24:18] : [00:24:21]

if you do A, B, or C, they'regonna try to do C, D, and E.

[00:24:21] : [00:24:24]

Right, and you better beprepared for that to come,

[00:24:24] : [00:24:26]

because otherwise they'reout of business too.

[00:24:26] : [00:24:28]

So you're never in a vacuum.

[00:24:28] : [00:24:30]

You're always competing against

[00:24:30] : [00:24:32]

sometimes an unlimitednumber of entrepreneurs

[00:24:32] : [00:24:34]

that you don't even know exist

[00:24:34] : [00:24:35]

who are trying to kick your ass.

[00:24:35] : [00:24:37]

- And the tricky part of all this too

[00:24:37] : [00:24:38]

is you might need to frequently pivot,

[00:24:38] : [00:24:42]

especially in the beginning.

[00:24:42] : [00:24:43]

- Hopefully not.

[00:24:43] : [00:24:45]

- So you think like in thebeginning, the product you have

[00:24:45] : [00:24:49]

should be the thing thatcarries you a long time.

[00:24:49] : [00:24:51]

- Yeah, because I mean

[00:24:51] : [00:24:52]

that's your riskiest point in time, right?

[00:24:52] : [00:24:55]

And so if you've done your homework,

[00:24:55] : [00:24:57]

which includes going out there

[00:24:57] : [00:24:59]

and testing product marketfit, you should have confidence

[00:24:59] : [00:25:03]

that you're gonna be able to sell it.

[00:25:03] : [00:25:04]

Now if you didn't do your homework

[00:25:04] : [00:25:07]

and you go out there andyou sell whatever it is,

[00:25:07] : [00:25:11]

and you've raised money orwhatever, just to pivot,

[00:25:11] : [00:25:16]

you've already shown

[00:25:16] : [00:25:17]

that you haven't beenable to read the market.

[00:25:17] : [00:25:19]

And so it's not that pivots can't work

[00:25:19] : [00:25:22]

and always don't work, they can,

[00:25:22] : [00:25:24]

but more often than not, they don't.

[00:25:24] : [00:25:25]

You pivot for a reason.

[00:25:25] : [00:25:27]

That's because you made a huge mistake.

[00:25:27] : [00:25:28]

- Well, I also mean like the micro pivots,

[00:25:28] : [00:25:30]

which is like iterativedevelopment of a thing.

[00:25:30] : [00:25:33]

- Oh yeah, oh, that's not,yeah, just iterations, yeah.

[00:25:33] : [00:25:35]

You know, entrepreneurshiphaving any business

[00:25:35] : [00:25:38]

is just continuous iteration, continuous,

[00:25:38] : [00:25:41]

your product, your salespitch, your advertising,

[00:25:41] : [00:25:44]

you know, introducing new technology.

[00:25:44] : [00:25:45]

How do you use AI or notuse AI, where do you use it?

[00:25:45] : [00:25:48]

What person's the right person?

[00:25:48] : [00:25:50]

There's just a milliontouch points, you know,

[00:25:50] : [00:25:53]

that you're alwaysreevaluating in real time

[00:25:53] : [00:25:57]

that you have to be agileand adapt and change.

[00:25:57] : [00:26:00]

- But especially in software,

[00:26:00] : [00:26:02]

it feels like business modelcan evolve really quickly too.

[00:26:02] : [00:26:06]

Like how are you gonna make money on this?

[00:26:06] : [00:26:07]

- Software for sure.

[00:26:07] : [00:26:08]

Because you know, anything digital,

[00:26:08] : [00:26:10]

because it can change in a millisecond.

[00:26:10] : [00:26:13]

- Speaking of which, how didyou make your first billion?

[00:26:13] : [00:26:16]

- So my partner Todd Wagner and I

[00:26:16] : [00:26:19]

would get together for lunches,

[00:26:19] : [00:26:23]

and we were at California Pizza Kitchen

[00:26:23] : [00:26:25]

in Preston Hollow in Dallas.

[00:26:25] : [00:26:27]

And he was talking about

[00:26:27] : [00:26:29]

how we could use this newthing called the internet.

[00:26:29] : [00:26:34]

This is late '94, early '95,

[00:26:34] : [00:26:36]

to be able to listen to IndianaUniversity basketball games.

[00:26:36] : [00:26:40]

'Cause that's where we went to school.

[00:26:40] : [00:26:42]

And he was like, look, whenwe would listen to games,

[00:26:42] : [00:26:45]

we would have somebodyin Bloomington, Indiana

[00:26:45] : [00:26:47]

have a speakerphone next to a radio.

[00:26:47] : [00:26:49]

And then we would have aspeakerphone in Dallas,

[00:26:49] : [00:26:51]

and you know, six pack or 12 pack of beer.

[00:26:51] : [00:26:53]

And we'd sit around listening to the game

[00:26:53] : [00:26:55]

because there was noother way to listen to it.

[00:26:55] : [00:26:57]

So I was like, okay, my firstcompany, MicroSolutions,

[00:26:57] : [00:27:00]

you know, I'd written software,done network integration.

[00:27:00] : [00:27:02]

And so I was comfortable digging into it.

[00:27:02] : [00:27:05]

And so I'm like, okay,let's give it a try.

[00:27:05] : [00:27:08]

So we started thiscompany called AudioNet,

[00:27:08] : [00:27:11]

and effectively became

[00:27:11] : [00:27:13]

the first streaming contentcompany on the internet.

[00:27:13] : [00:27:17]

And we're like, okay,

[00:27:17] : [00:27:19]

we're not sure how we'regonna make this work,

[00:27:19] : [00:27:22]

but we were able to make it work.

[00:27:22] : [00:27:23]

And we started going to radiostations and TV stations

[00:27:23] : [00:27:26]

and you know, music labels and everything.

[00:27:26] : [00:27:29]

And evolved audionet.com,

[00:27:29] : [00:27:32]

which was only audio at the beginning,

[00:27:32] : [00:27:33]

to broadcast.com in 1998,which was audio and video,

[00:27:33] : [00:27:38]

and became the largestmultimedia site on the internet.

[00:27:38] : [00:27:42]

Took it public in July of 1998.

[00:27:42] : [00:27:45]

It had the largest first day jump

[00:27:45] : [00:27:47]

in the history of thestock market at the time.

[00:27:47] : [00:27:49]

And then a year later we sold it to Yahoo

[00:27:49] : [00:27:52]

for $5.7 billion in Yahoo stock.

[00:27:52] : [00:27:55]

And I owned, you know, rightaround 30% of the company,

[00:27:55] : [00:27:59]

give or take.

[00:27:59] : [00:28:00]

And so after taxes,that's what got me there.

[00:28:00] : [00:28:03]

- Well, there's a lot of questions there.

[00:28:03] : [00:28:03]

So the technical challenge of that,

[00:28:03] : [00:28:05]

you're making it soundeasy, but you wrote code,

[00:28:05] : [00:28:09]

but still in the earlydays of the internet,

[00:28:09] : [00:28:12]

how do you figure out how tocreate this kind of product

[00:28:12] : [00:28:16]

of just audio at firstand then video at first?

[00:28:16] : [00:28:18]

- A lot of iterations,right? Like you talked about.

[00:28:18] : [00:28:22]

We started in the secondbedroom of my house,

[00:28:22] : [00:28:23]

set up a server.

[00:28:23] : [00:28:24]

I got an ISDN line, which was 128K line,

[00:28:24] : [00:28:28]

and set up, downloaded Netscape server,

[00:28:28] : [00:28:32]

and then started usingdifferent file formats

[00:28:32] : [00:28:36]

that were progressive loading

[00:28:36] : [00:28:38]

and allowing people toconnect to the server

[00:28:38] : [00:28:41]

and do a progressivedownload so that the audio,

[00:28:41] : [00:28:43]

you can listen to the audio

[00:28:43] : [00:28:45]

while it was downloading onto your PC.

[00:28:45] : [00:28:47]

- Yeah, and was it super choppy?

[00:28:47] : [00:28:48]

So you're trying tofigure out how to do it.

[00:28:48] : [00:28:50]

- Oh yeah, for sure, forsure. It would buffer.

[00:28:50] : [00:28:51]

It was, yeah, it wasn'tgood, but it was a start.

[00:28:51] : [00:28:53]

- But still was good enough,'cause it's the first, kind of.

[00:28:53] : [00:28:55]

- Yeah, because there wasno other competition, right?

[00:28:55] : [00:28:57]

There was nobody else doing it.

[00:28:57] : [00:28:58]

And so it was like, okay,

[00:28:58] : [00:28:59]

I can get access to this, this, or this.

[00:28:59] : [00:29:01]

And then there were some thirdparty software companies,

[00:29:01] : [00:29:03]

Zing and Progressive Networks

[00:29:03] : [00:29:06]

and others that took ita little bit further.

[00:29:06] : [00:29:09]

So we partnered with them,

[00:29:09] : [00:29:11]

and I started going tolocal radio stations

[00:29:11] : [00:29:14]

where literally we would setup a server right next to it.

[00:29:14] : [00:29:18]

I had a $49 radio, the highestFM radio that I could find.

[00:29:18] : [00:29:23]

And we'd take the output ofthe audio signal from the radio

[00:29:23] : [00:29:27]

with these two analog cables,plug it into the server,

[00:29:27] : [00:29:31]

encode it, and make itavailable from audionet.com.

[00:29:31] : [00:29:35]

Then I would go on UUNET bulletin boards.

[00:29:35] : [00:29:37]

I would go on CompuServe,I would go on Prodigy,

[00:29:37] : [00:29:40]

I would go on AOL, I'd gowherever I could find bodies.

[00:29:40] : [00:29:44]

And I'd say, okay, we'vegot this radio station,

[00:29:44] : [00:29:47]

KLIF in Dallas, it's got Dallas Sports

[00:29:47] : [00:29:50]

and Dallas news and politics.

[00:29:50] : [00:29:53]

And if you're in an officeor you're outside of Dallas,

[00:29:53] : [00:29:56]

connect to audionet.com,

[00:29:56] : [00:29:58]

and now you can listen tothese things on demand.

[00:29:58] : [00:30:01]

And that's how we started.

[00:30:01] : [00:30:03]

And it started with one radio station

[00:30:03] : [00:30:05]

and then it was five, then it was 10,

[00:30:05] : [00:30:07]

then it was video content,

[00:30:07] : [00:30:08]

then the laws were different then.

[00:30:08] : [00:30:10]

So we could literally go outand buy CDs and host them

[00:30:10] : [00:30:13]

and just let peoplelisten to whatever music.

[00:30:13] : [00:30:16]

And we went from, you know,10 users a day to 100 to 1,000

[00:30:16] : [00:30:21]

to hundreds of thousands to a million

[00:30:21] : [00:30:23]

over those next four years.

[00:30:23] : [00:30:25]

- How did you find theusers? Is it word of mouth?

[00:30:25] : [00:30:27]

- Word of mouth.

[00:30:27] : [00:30:27]

- [Lex] Just word of mouth.

[00:30:27] : [00:30:28]

- Didn't spend a penny on advertising.

[00:30:28] : [00:30:29]

- So the thing you were focusing on

[00:30:29] : [00:30:31]

is getting the radiostations and all that.

[00:30:31] : [00:30:32]

- Oh, radio and TV,anything, any content at all.

[00:30:32] : [00:30:35]

- Did you pick up the phone?What'd you, how'd you?

[00:30:35] : [00:30:37]

- Wherever I could, likeeverything that was public domain,

[00:30:37] : [00:30:39]

I'd go out and buy a video or a cassette,

[00:30:39] : [00:30:42]

whatever it was, you know.

[00:30:42] : [00:30:44]

And this was before the DMs,

[00:30:44] : [00:30:45]

the Digital MillenniumCopyright Act of '97,

[00:30:45] : [00:30:48]

whenever it kicked in.

[00:30:48] : [00:30:50]

So literally anything that was audio

[00:30:50] : [00:30:52]

we would put online sopeople could listen to it.

[00:30:52] : [00:30:55]

And if you think about somebody at work,

[00:30:55] : [00:30:57]

they didn't have a radio most likely.

[00:30:57] : [00:30:58]

And if you did, youcouldn't get reception.

[00:30:58] : [00:31:00]

Definitely didn't havea TV, but you had a PC,

[00:31:00] : [00:31:03]

and you had bandwidth available to you.

[00:31:03] : [00:31:05]

And the companies weren't up on firewalls

[00:31:05] : [00:31:08]

or anything at that point in time.

[00:31:08] : [00:31:09]

So our in-office listening,you know, during the day,

[00:31:09] : [00:31:12]

just exploded, becausewhoever's sitting next to you,

[00:31:12] : [00:31:16]

what are you listening to, right?

[00:31:16] : [00:31:17]

And that was the start of it.

[00:31:17] : [00:31:18]

And then, you know, in early'98 we started adding video

[00:31:18] : [00:31:23]

and just other things.

[00:31:23] : [00:31:24]

And we had ended up withthousands of servers.

[00:31:24] : [00:31:26]

You know, there was no cloud back then.

[00:31:26] : [00:31:28]

And just pulling together allthose pieces to make it work.

[00:31:28] : [00:31:31]

But where we really made our money

[00:31:31] : [00:31:32]

was by taking thatnetwork that we had built

[00:31:32] : [00:31:37]

and then going to corporations and saying,

[00:31:37] : [00:31:40]

look, you know, in it's 1996, '97, '98,

[00:31:40] : [00:31:44]

and to communicate withyour worldwide employees,

[00:31:44] : [00:31:48]

what they would do is theywould go to an auditorium

[00:31:48] : [00:31:51]

that had a satellite uplink,

[00:31:51] : [00:31:53]

and then they would havepeople go to like theaters

[00:31:53] : [00:31:56]

or ballrooms and hotels thathad satellite downlinks,

[00:31:56] : [00:32:00]

and they would broadcast, you know,

[00:32:00] : [00:32:02]

their product introductions, whatever.

[00:32:02] : [00:32:04]

And so we said to them, look,

[00:32:04] : [00:32:05]

you're paying millions of dollars

[00:32:05] : [00:32:06]

to reach all your employees,when you can do it.

[00:32:06] : [00:32:09]

Pay us a half a million dollars,

[00:32:09] : [00:32:11]

and we'll do it just on their PCs at work.

[00:32:11] : [00:32:13]

So we did, you know, whenIntel announced the P90 PC,

[00:32:13] : [00:32:17]

we, you know, charged them$2 million or whatever

[00:32:17] : [00:32:19]

to do that.

[00:32:19] : [00:32:20]

When Motorola announced anew phone or a new product,

[00:32:20] : [00:32:23]

we would charge them.

[00:32:23] : [00:32:24]

And so we used the consumer side

[00:32:24] : [00:32:26]

to do a proof of concept for the network.

[00:32:26] : [00:32:29]

And then we would take thatknowledge and go to corporations

[00:32:29] : [00:32:33]

and that's how we made our revenue.

[00:32:33] : [00:32:34]

- And there's some sellingthere with the corporations.

[00:32:34] : [00:32:36]

- Yeah, a lot of selling there.

[00:32:36] : [00:32:37]

But we were saving them so much money.

[00:32:37] : [00:32:39]

And they were technology companies

[00:32:39] : [00:32:40]

they wanted to be perceivedas being leading edge.

[00:32:40] : [00:32:43]

And so it was win-win.

[00:32:43] : [00:32:45]

- How much technical savvy was required?

[00:32:45] : [00:32:47]

You said a bunch of servers.

[00:32:47] : [00:32:49]

Like at which point doyou get more engineers?

[00:32:49] : [00:32:51]

How much did you understand,could do yourself?

[00:32:51] : [00:32:54]

And then also, once youcan't do it all yourself,

[00:32:54] : [00:32:58]

how much technical savvy is required

[00:32:58] : [00:33:00]

to understand enough tohire the right people

[00:33:00] : [00:33:02]

to keep building this and innovation?

[00:33:02] : [00:33:03]

- I did all the technology,

[00:33:03] : [00:33:04]

and then we hired engineerafter engineer after engineer

[00:33:04] : [00:33:07]

to implement it.

[00:33:07] : [00:33:08]

And so, yeah.

[00:33:08] : [00:33:11]

From putting together amulticast network, to software,

[00:33:11] : [00:33:15]

to just all these different things.

[00:33:15] : [00:33:17]

- Was this like a scary thing? Like is.

[00:33:17] : [00:33:19]

- It's terrifying, right.

[00:33:19] : [00:33:20]

Because as we were growing,trying to keep up with the scale

[00:33:20] : [00:33:23]

and literally we'rebuying off the shelf PCs,

[00:33:23] : [00:33:26]

and then, you know, server cardsas the technology advanced,

[00:33:26] : [00:33:29]

and hard drives, and things would fail.

[00:33:29] : [00:33:32]

And we would have to, you know,

[00:33:32] : [00:33:33]

we didn't have machine learning back then

[00:33:33] : [00:33:35]

to do an analysis of, you know,

[00:33:35] : [00:33:37]

how to distribute server,you know, resources.

[00:33:37] : [00:33:40]

So, you know, like there was a time when

[00:33:40] : [00:33:44]

Bill Clinton and all theMonica Lewinsky stuff happened.

[00:33:44] : [00:33:48]

They released the audioof their interviews of him

[00:33:48] : [00:33:53]

or something like that, right.

[00:33:53] : [00:33:54]

And we literally, I knewat that point in time

[00:33:54] : [00:33:58]

when that was released,

[00:33:58] : [00:33:59]

everybody at work was gonnawanna listen to it, right?

[00:33:59] : [00:34:01]

So we had to take down servers

[00:34:01] : [00:34:03]

that were doing ChicagoCubs baseball, right.

[00:34:03] : [00:34:07]

You know, and just make allthese on the fly decisions

[00:34:07] : [00:34:09]

because there was no, we didn'thave the tools to analyze

[00:34:09] : [00:34:11]

or be predictive.

[00:34:11] : [00:34:12]

But yeah, it was all technologydriven and marketing.

[00:34:12] : [00:34:16]

- The acquisition by Yahoo,can you tell the story of that?

[00:34:16] : [00:34:20]

But also in the broader contextof this internet bubble.

[00:34:20] : [00:34:24]

This is a fascinating part

[00:34:24] : [00:34:25]

of human history, yeah.- Sure, it was crazy.

[00:34:25] : [00:34:27]

So on the acquisition side,

[00:34:27] : [00:34:30]

we were the largest mediasite on the internet.

[00:34:30] : [00:34:31]

And it wasn't close.There was nobody close.

[00:34:31] : [00:34:34]

We were YouTube,

[00:34:34] : [00:34:35]

and relatively speaking,we would be 10X YouTube

[00:34:35] : [00:34:38]

relative to the competition'cause there was nobody there.

[00:34:38] : [00:34:41]

And so it became obviousto Yahoo, AOL, and others

[00:34:41] : [00:34:45]

that they needed a multimedia component.

[00:34:45] : [00:34:47]

And we had the infrastructure,the sales, all that stuff.

[00:34:47] : [00:34:50]

And so Yahoo, when we went public in '98,

[00:34:50] : [00:34:56]

or right before, I think it was,

[00:34:56] : [00:34:58]

they made an investmentof like $2 million,

[00:34:58] : [00:35:00]

which gave us a connection to them.

[00:35:00] : [00:35:02]

And then after we went public,

[00:35:02] : [00:35:05]

they decided they neededto have multimedia.

[00:35:05] : [00:35:07]

And so in April of '99, we made a deal.

[00:35:07] : [00:35:12]

And then July of 2000's when it closed.

[00:35:12] : [00:35:16]

- And can you explain to me

[00:35:16] : [00:35:20]

the trickiness of what you did after that?

[00:35:20] : [00:35:23]

Which is the?

[00:35:23] : [00:35:24]

- On the collar.

[00:35:24] : [00:35:25]

- [Lex] Yeah.

[00:35:25] : [00:35:26]

- Okay, so when we sold to Yahoo,

[00:35:26] : [00:35:27]

we sold it for $5.7billion in stock, not cash.

[00:35:27] : [00:35:31]

And so I looked at, you know,

[00:35:31] : [00:35:33]

after MicroSolutions, when Isold that, I took that money

[00:35:33] : [00:35:40]

and initially I told my broker

[00:35:40] : [00:35:42]

I wanted to invest like a 60-year-old man

[00:35:42] : [00:35:44]

'cause I wanted to protect it.

[00:35:44] : [00:35:46]

But then he started askingme all kinds of questions

[00:35:46] : [00:35:48]

about all these technologiesthat I understood.

[00:35:48] : [00:35:51]

Like networks I had installed.

[00:35:51] : [00:35:53]

We had become one ofthe top 20, let's say,

[00:35:53] : [00:35:57]

systems integrators in the country.

[00:35:57] : [00:35:59]

At one point in time

[00:35:59] : [00:36:00]

we're the largest IBM tokenring installer in the country.

[00:36:00] : [00:36:03]

It was crazy, right?

[00:36:03] : [00:36:05]

Banyan, that name, blast fromthe past, I mean, so anyway,

[00:36:05] : [00:36:08]

so these Wall Streetbankers, or analysts rather,

[00:36:08] : [00:36:12]

that were the big analystsof the time would call me up.

[00:36:12] : [00:36:16]

'Cause they would ask my broker,

[00:36:16] : [00:36:17]

what does he know aboutthis product, this product?

[00:36:17] : [00:36:19]

And I knew them all,

[00:36:19] : [00:36:20]

what was working and not working, right.

[00:36:20] : [00:36:21]

And so the ones that worked,you know, I say that's working.

[00:36:21] : [00:36:24]

And I'd see the stock, they say something,

[00:36:24] : [00:36:25]

the stock would go up 20 bucks, right.

[00:36:25] : [00:36:27]

So I'm like, well, and mybroker's like, you need to,

[00:36:27] : [00:36:29]

you know this better thanthey do, you need to invest.

[00:36:29] : [00:36:31]

So I started buying and selling stocks.

[00:36:31] : [00:36:34]

And this was in 1990,and was just killing it.

[00:36:34] : [00:36:37]

I was making 80, 90, 100% ayear over those next four years

[00:36:37] : [00:36:42]

to the point where guy came in

[00:36:42] : [00:36:44]

and asked to use my trading history

[00:36:44] : [00:36:47]

to start a hedge fund, which we did.

[00:36:47] : [00:36:49]

And I sold within ninemonths. It was great, right?

[00:36:49] : [00:36:52]

But the point being, as it goes forward,

[00:36:52] : [00:36:54]

so when we sold to Yahoo,

[00:36:54] : [00:36:56]

I already had a lot ofexperience trading stocks,

[00:36:56] : [00:36:59]

and I had seen differentbubbles come and go.

[00:36:59] : [00:37:02]

The bubble for PC manufacturers,

[00:37:02] : [00:37:04]

a bubble for networking manufacturers,

[00:37:04] : [00:37:07]

they went up, up, up, up, up.

[00:37:07] : [00:37:08]

And then they came straightdown after the hype,

[00:37:08] : [00:37:11]

or somebody just leapfrogged them.

[00:37:11] : [00:37:13]

And so when we sold to Yahoo, I was like,

[00:37:13] : [00:37:18]

I've gotta B next to my name.

[00:37:18] : [00:37:19]

That's all I need, or all Iwant. I don't want to be greedy.

[00:37:19] : [00:37:22]

And I'd seen this story before

[00:37:22] : [00:37:23]

where stocks get reallyfrothy and go straight down.

[00:37:23] : [00:37:27]

And I knew that because allof what I had was in stock.

[00:37:27] : [00:37:30]

I needed to find a way tocollar it and protect it.

[00:37:30] : [00:37:33]

So understanding stocks and trading

[00:37:33] : [00:37:36]

and options and all that.

[00:37:36] : [00:37:37]

My broker and I, we wentand shorted an index

[00:37:37] : [00:37:40]

that had Yahoo in it.

[00:37:40] : [00:37:41]

And so the law at the time was

[00:37:41] : [00:37:43]

you couldn't short any indexes

[00:37:43] : [00:37:46]

that had more than 5% ofthat stock in it, right.

[00:37:46] : [00:37:49]

Of any one of the Yahoo stock.

[00:37:49] : [00:37:51]

And so I took pretty much20 some million dollars,

[00:37:51] : [00:37:55]

everything I had at the time,and I shorted the index.

[00:37:55] : [00:37:58]

- This is fascinating by the way.

[00:37:58] : [00:37:59]

'Cause it's based on yourestimation that this is a bubble

[00:37:59] : [00:38:02]

- Or just my not wanting to be greedy.

[00:38:02] : [00:38:04]

- Sure, so the foundationof this kind of thing is

[00:38:04] : [00:38:07]

you don't wanna be greedy.

[00:38:07] : [00:38:09]

- Yeah, I mean, how muchmoney do I need, right?

[00:38:09] : [00:38:11]

You know, where other people were saying,

[00:38:11] : [00:38:13]

oh, I think it can go uphigher, higher, higher.

[00:38:13] : [00:38:15]

I was like, I went on CNBC,and I told them what I had done

[00:38:15] : [00:38:20]

and they were like,

[00:38:20] : [00:38:21]

and Yahoo Stock had gone up significantly

[00:38:21] : [00:38:24]

from the time I had collared.

[00:38:24] : [00:38:26]

And one of the guy, JoeKernen was on there.

[00:38:26] : [00:38:28]

"Don't you feel stupid nowthat Yahoo stock has gone up,

[00:38:28] : [00:38:31]

you know, X percent more?"

[00:38:31] : [00:38:32]

I'm like, "Yeah, I feel realstupid sitting on my jet."

[00:38:32] : [00:38:36]

- But I mean, there issome fundamental way

[00:38:36] : [00:38:39]

in which bubbles are based on this greed.

[00:38:39] : [00:38:42]

Just greed.- Oh, for sure, for sure.

[00:38:42] : [00:38:44]

Yeah. And I'd seen it before,right, like I just said.

[00:38:44] : [00:38:45]

And so what I did waswe put together a collar

[00:38:45] : [00:38:47]

where I sold calls and boughtputs, and as it turned out,

[00:38:47] : [00:38:51]

when the market justcratered, I was protected.

[00:38:51] : [00:38:54]

And, you know, over thenext two, three years,

[00:38:54] : [00:38:57]

whatever it was, it converted to cash,

[00:38:57] : [00:38:59]

paid my taxes, et cetera.

[00:38:59] : [00:39:01]

But it protected me.

[00:39:01] : [00:39:03]

And as it turns out,

[00:39:03] : [00:39:05]

it was called one of thetop 10 trades of all time.

[00:39:05] : [00:39:07]

And what was even moreinteresting out of that period,

[00:39:07] : [00:39:11]

my broker at that timewas at Goldman Sachs.

[00:39:11] : [00:39:12]

And I had asked him tosee if there was a way

[00:39:12] : [00:39:16]

to trade the VIX, right,the volatility index.

[00:39:16] : [00:39:19]

And there wasn't, right.

[00:39:19] : [00:39:21]

And so one of the people that Goldman

[00:39:21] : [00:39:24]

that we were working withto try to create this

[00:39:24] : [00:39:27]

actually left Goldman

[00:39:27] : [00:39:28]

and created indexes thatallowed you to trade the VIX.

[00:39:28] : [00:39:32]

- Well, it's not trivial tounderstand that it's a bubble.

[00:39:32] : [00:39:35]

I mean, you're kind of lesseningyour insight into all this

[00:39:35] : [00:39:39]

by saying you just didn't wanna be greedy.

[00:39:39] : [00:39:41]

But you still had tosee that it's a bubble.

[00:39:41] : [00:39:44]

- Yeah, I mean, yeah,

[00:39:44] : [00:39:45]

obviously if I thought itwas gonna keep on going up,

[00:39:45] : [00:39:46]

and there was intrinsic value there,

[00:39:46] : [00:39:48]

I would've stayed in it.

[00:39:48] : [00:39:49]

But it wasn't so much Yahoo,

[00:39:49] : [00:39:51]

it was just the entire industry.

[00:39:51] : [00:39:53]

Back then, you know, like we'relooking at the magic seven

[00:39:53] : [00:39:56]

or whatever it is stocks now.

[00:39:56] : [00:39:58]

And people were asking, is it in a bubble?

[00:39:58] : [00:40:00]

And when I would get into cabs

[00:40:00] : [00:40:03]

and people would just starttalking about internet stocks,

[00:40:03] : [00:40:06]

there were people creatingcompanies with just a website

[00:40:06] : [00:40:08]

and going public.

[00:40:08] : [00:40:09]

You know, that's a bubble, right?

[00:40:09] : [00:40:11]

Where there's no intrinsic value at all.

[00:40:11] : [00:40:13]

And people aren't even tryingto make operating cap profits.

[00:40:13] : [00:40:16]

They're just trying toleverage the frothiness

[00:40:16] : [00:40:17]

of the stock market.

[00:40:17] : [00:40:19]

That's a bubble. Youdon't see that right now.

[00:40:19] : [00:40:21]

There's not companies,you don't see hardly,

[00:40:21] : [00:40:23]

you don't see any IPOsright now for that matter.

[00:40:23] : [00:40:25]

So, you know, I don't thinkwe're in a bubble now,

[00:40:25] : [00:40:27]

but back then, yes, Ithought we were in a bubble,

[00:40:27] : [00:40:29]

but that wasn't reallythe motivating factor.

[00:40:29] : [00:40:32]

- Do you think it's possible

[00:40:32] : [00:40:32]

we're in a bit of an AI bubble right now?

[00:40:32] : [00:40:35]

- No, because we're not seeing

[00:40:35] : [00:40:37]

funky AI companies just go public.

[00:40:37] : [00:40:40]

If all of a sudden wesee a rush of companies

[00:40:40] : [00:40:42]

who are skins on other people's models,

[00:40:42] : [00:40:45]

or just creating models to create models

[00:40:45] : [00:40:48]

that are going public, then yeah,

[00:40:48] : [00:40:50]

that's probably the start of a bubble.

[00:40:50] : [00:40:52]

But that said, my 14-year-old

[00:40:52] : [00:40:55]

was bragging aboutbuying Nvidia, you know,

[00:40:55] : [00:40:57]

with me in his Robinhood account.

[00:40:57] : [00:40:59]

He tells me the order, I placed it,

[00:40:59] : [00:41:01]

and he was like, oh yeah,it's going up, up, up.

[00:41:01] : [00:41:03]

You know, and I'm like, yeah,we're not quite there yet.

[00:41:03] : [00:41:06]

But that's, you know, that'sone thing to pay attention to.

[00:41:06] : [00:41:09]

- Yeah, we're flirting with it.

[00:41:09] : [00:41:10]

You said that becoming abillionaire requires luck.

[00:41:10] : [00:41:14]

Can you explain?

[00:41:14] : [00:41:15]

- Yeah, I mean there's no business plan

[00:41:15] : [00:41:17]

where you can just start it and say, yeah,

[00:41:17] : [00:41:19]

I'm definitely gonna be a billionaire.

[00:41:19] : [00:41:21]

You know, if I had to start all over,

[00:41:21] : [00:41:24]

could I start a companythat made me a millionaire?

[00:41:24] : [00:41:25]

Yeah, 'cause I know how tosell and I know technology

[00:41:25] : [00:41:27]

and I've learned enoughover the years to do that.

[00:41:27] : [00:41:30]

Could I make 10 million? Probably.

[00:41:30] : [00:41:32]

100 million? I hope so.

[00:41:32] : [00:41:35]

But a billion, just somethinggood has got to happen.

[00:41:35] : [00:41:38]

You know.

[00:41:38] : [00:41:39]

- The timing.

[00:41:39] : [00:41:41]

- Timing, you know,

[00:41:41] : [00:41:41]

internet stock market was goingnuts right when we started,

[00:41:41] : [00:41:44]

you know, and that certainlyI couldn't predict or control,

[00:41:44] : [00:41:48]

you know, it's like AI right now,

[00:41:48] : [00:41:52]

AI's been around a long,long, long, long time.

[00:41:52] : [00:41:55]

And the Nvidia processors, or GPUs rather,

[00:41:55] : [00:42:00]

you couldn't predict that now's the time

[00:42:00] : [00:42:02]

that they were gonna getto that cost effectiveness

[00:42:02] : [00:42:04]

where, you know,

[00:42:04] : [00:42:07]

you could create models and train them

[00:42:07] : [00:42:08]

and although it's expensive,it's still doable.

[00:42:08] : [00:42:12]

You know, we didn't reallyeven, we had Asics, right,

[00:42:12] : [00:42:14]

for custom applications

[00:42:14] : [00:42:15]

and we had CPUs that were leading the way,

[00:42:15] : [00:42:18]

but GPUs were more forgaming and then cryptomining,

[00:42:18] : [00:42:22]

and then all of a sudden

[00:42:22] : [00:42:23]

they were the foundation for AI models.

[00:42:23] : [00:42:27]

- So I think luck being essentialto becoming a billionaire

[00:42:27] : [00:42:32]

is a beautiful way to see life in general.

[00:42:32] : [00:42:34]

First of all, I personally think that

[00:42:34] : [00:42:37]

everything good that's ever happened to me

[00:42:37] : [00:42:38]

is because of luck.

[00:42:38] : [00:42:40]

I think that's just a good way of being.

[00:42:40] : [00:42:41]

It's like you're grateful.

[00:42:41] : [00:42:43]

That said, there's some examplesof people that you're like,

[00:42:43] : [00:42:47]

they seem to have done a lot of,

[00:42:47] : [00:42:49]

they seem to have gotten lucky a lot.

[00:42:49] : [00:42:51]

You know, we mentioned Jeff Bezos.

[00:42:51] : [00:42:53]

It seems like he did alot of really interesting,

[00:42:53] : [00:42:57]

powerful decisions formany years with Amazon

[00:42:57] : [00:43:00]

to make it successful.

[00:43:00] : [00:43:01]

- But he was really ableto raise money, right?

[00:43:01] : [00:43:04]

A lot of money.

[00:43:04] : [00:43:06]

And people were really dismissive of him

[00:43:06] : [00:43:08]

because they weren't profitable.

[00:43:08] : [00:43:11]

And we were in an environment

[00:43:11] : [00:43:13]

where it was possible to raise that money.

[00:43:13] : [00:43:16]

- It was possible to raise that money.

[00:43:16] : [00:43:17]

I mean, what about somebody you get

[00:43:17] : [00:43:18]

sometimes feisty with on the internet?

[00:43:18] : [00:43:21]

Elon, who couldn't even look at Zuck

[00:43:21] : [00:43:23]

and Bill Gates and Warren Buffet.

[00:43:23] : [00:43:26]

- Sure, look, Zuck was justtrying to get laid, right.

[00:43:26] : [00:43:27]

And it took off, and hewrote some good stuff.

[00:43:27] : [00:43:29]

- Aren't we all?

[00:43:29] : [00:43:30]

Is that a foundationof human civilization.

[00:43:30] : [00:43:32]

- Right, at some level, right.

[00:43:32] : [00:43:34]

But yeah. So more power to him, right.

[00:43:34] : [00:43:35]

You can't take anything away from him.

[00:43:35] : [00:43:36]

But yeah, Snapchat, same thing, took off.

[00:43:36] : [00:43:40]

Apps didn't take off in 2007when the iPhone came out.

[00:43:40] : [00:43:43]

Apps took off in 2011, 2012.

[00:43:43] : [00:43:45]

And if you were there with theright app at the right time,

[00:43:45] : [00:43:48]

and even Facebook, you know,in 2004 the bubble had burst,

[00:43:48] : [00:43:53]

and you know, the price forcomputers had fallen enough

[00:43:53] : [00:43:58]

and kids in school allneeded computers or laptops.

[00:43:58] : [00:44:00]

If he had tried to dosomething like that, you know,

[00:44:00] : [00:44:03]

five years earlier, Imean, he was too young.

[00:44:03] : [00:44:05]

But, you know, five yearsearlier or five years later,

[00:44:05] : [00:44:08]

you know, or Friendstermight've been the ultimate,

[00:44:08] : [00:44:11]

or MySpace.

[00:44:11] : [00:44:12]

- Friendster, I remember Friendster.

[00:44:12] : [00:44:14]

- Or MySpace, I had a MySpace account,

[00:44:14] : [00:44:16]

and that was before Facebook.

[00:44:16] : [00:44:17]

- Yeah, the timing's important,

[00:44:17] : [00:44:19]

but there's like the detailsof how the product is built,

[00:44:19] : [00:44:22]

the fundamentals ofthe product, like what?

[00:44:22] : [00:44:24]

- Well, so, but that's what gets you,

[00:44:24] : [00:44:26]

when the opportunity is there, right?

[00:44:26] : [00:44:28]

That's what allows you to takeadvantage of that opportunity

[00:44:28] : [00:44:30]

and the kismet of it all, right?

[00:44:30] : [00:44:32]

You've gotta be,

[00:44:32] : [00:44:33]

'cause it wasn't like anyof the people I mentioned,

[00:44:33] : [00:44:35]

there weren't others tryingthe same thing, right.

[00:44:35] : [00:44:38]

You had to be able to see it,

[00:44:38] : [00:44:39]

you had to be able to visualize it

[00:44:39] : [00:44:41]

and put together a plan of some sort,

[00:44:41] : [00:44:43]

or at least have a path, andthen you had to execute on it.

[00:44:43] : [00:44:47]

And do all those things at the same time,

[00:44:47] : [00:44:49]

and have the money available to you.

[00:44:49] : [00:44:51]

Because it wasn't like, whetherit was Google or Facebook,

[00:44:51] : [00:44:55]

you know, they raised a shitload of money.

[00:44:55] : [00:44:57]

It wasn't bootstrappingit that got them there.

[00:44:57] : [00:44:59]

- And raising money isnot just about sales,

[00:44:59] : [00:45:01]

it's about the generalfeeling of the people

[00:45:01] : [00:45:06]

with money at that time.

[00:45:06] : [00:45:07]

- [Mark] And proximity.

[00:45:07] : [00:45:08]

- Oh yeah, sure.

[00:45:08] : [00:45:10]

- If Zuck wasn't at Harvard,

[00:45:10] : [00:45:11]

and he was at Miami of Ohio University,

[00:45:11] : [00:45:13]

or he was at RichlandCommunity College, same idea,

[00:45:13] : [00:45:17]

same person, same execution, and nothing.

[00:45:17] : [00:45:20]

- I believe in the power ofindividuals to find their,

[00:45:20] : [00:45:25]

to realize their potential nomatter where they come from.

[00:45:25] : [00:45:29]

- I agree, I agree 100% with that, right.

[00:45:29] : [00:45:30]

- [Lex] But luck is required.

[00:45:30] : [00:45:31]

- Yeah, I mean, scale is, theonly delta is scale, right.

[00:45:31] : [00:45:35]

You know, we're not all blessedwith the access to the tools

[00:45:35] : [00:45:38]

that you need to hit that grand slam.

[00:45:38] : [00:45:42]

- But then also,

[00:45:42] : [00:45:42]

billion is not the onlymeasure of success, right.

[00:45:42] : [00:45:45]

- Absolutely not, right.

[00:45:45] : [00:45:47]

Everybody defines theirsuccess in their own way.

[00:45:47] : [00:45:49]

- How do you define success, Mark Cuban?

[00:45:49] : [00:45:51]

- Waking up every day with asmile, excited about the day.

[00:45:51] : [00:45:55]

You know, I was, you know,people always say, well,

[00:45:55] : [00:45:57]

when you get that kind ofmoney, does it make you happy?

[00:45:57] : [00:46:00]

And my answer always is,

[00:46:00] : [00:46:02]

if you were happy when you were broke,

[00:46:02] : [00:46:04]

you're gonna be really,really, really happy

[00:46:04] : [00:46:06]

when you're rich.

[00:46:06] : [00:46:07]

- But you gotta work on beinghappy when you're broke,

[00:46:07] : [00:46:10]

I guess.

[00:46:10] : [00:46:12]

- Well, you're just being happy, right?

[00:46:12] : [00:46:12]

If you were miserable, youknow, in your job before,

[00:46:12] : [00:46:15]

there's a good chance you'restill gonna be miserable

[00:46:15] : [00:46:17]

if that's just who you are.

[00:46:17] : [00:46:19]

- That's a pretty good definitionof success, by the way.

[00:46:19] : [00:46:21]

- [Mark] Thank you.

[00:46:21] : [00:46:23]

- How do you reach that successby way of advice to people?

[00:46:23] : [00:46:26]

- You know, we talkedabout my dad, my parents.

[00:46:26] : [00:46:29]

I never looked at my dad

[00:46:29] : [00:46:32]

and said, okay, you're not successful.

[00:46:32] : [00:46:34]

He busted his ass.

[00:46:34] : [00:46:35]

And when he came home, you know,

[00:46:35] : [00:46:38]

we enjoyed our time together, right?

[00:46:38] : [00:46:43]

There was nothing at any point in time

[00:46:43] : [00:46:45]

where I felt like, oh, thisis miserable, we're awful.

[00:46:45] : [00:46:48]

You know, we don't havethis, we don't have that.

[00:46:48] : [00:46:51]

You know, we celebratedthe things we did have,

[00:46:51] : [00:46:53]

and never knew about the thingswe didn't have, you know?

[00:46:53] : [00:46:57]

And so I think, you know,

[00:46:57] : [00:47:00]

you have to be able to find your way to

[00:47:00] : [00:47:03]

whatever it is that puts asmile on your face every day.

[00:47:03] : [00:47:06]

And some people can doit and some people can't.

[00:47:06] : [00:47:07]

- It's not always about the smile

[00:47:07] : [00:47:08]

or the smile on the outside.

[00:47:08] : [00:47:10]

It could be a smile on the inside.

[00:47:10] : [00:47:11]

- Yeah. Whatever it is, right,whatever makes you feel good.

[00:47:11] : [00:47:13]

- Yeah, the struggle, even thestruggle, like with your dad,

[00:47:13] : [00:47:16]

the really, really hard workcan be a fulfilling experience

[00:47:16] : [00:47:21]

because the struggle

[00:47:21] : [00:47:25]

leading up to then seeing your kids and.

[00:47:25] : [00:47:27]

- Exactly right, right.

[00:47:27] : [00:47:28]

Because that was my dad's grand slam.

[00:47:28] : [00:47:31]

Right, seeing three kids goto college, be successful,

[00:47:31] : [00:47:35]

you know, be able to spend time with him.

[00:47:35] : [00:47:37]

And that was the other thing, you know,

[00:47:37] : [00:47:39]

he really made me realize

[00:47:39] : [00:47:41]

is the most valuable assetisn't the money, it's your time.

[00:47:41] : [00:47:45]

That's why, you know, from ayoung age, I wanted to retire

[00:47:45] : [00:47:47]

because I wanted to experience

[00:47:47] : [00:47:49]

everything that I possiblycould in this life.

[00:47:49] : [00:47:51]

And, you know, he got joy fromus. I get joy from my kids.

[00:47:51] : [00:47:55]

And that's the most specialthing you ever can have.

[00:47:55] : [00:48:00]

- Beautifully said.

[00:48:00] : [00:48:02]

You have made some mistakes in your life.

[00:48:02] : [00:48:05]

- [Mark] Yeah, a lot of them.

[00:48:05] : [00:48:07]

- One of the bigger oneson the financial side

[00:48:07] : [00:48:10]

we could say is Uber.

[00:48:10] : [00:48:12]

- Yeah, we call that notdoing something, yeah.

[00:48:12] : [00:48:14]

It wasn't a mistake, it wasjust, I mean, it was a mistake.

[00:48:14] : [00:48:17]

(both laughing)

[00:48:17] : [00:48:18]

- But I like how you tried to.

[00:48:18] : [00:48:19]

- Yeah, yeah, I alwaystry to look at mistakes

[00:48:19] : [00:48:21]

that things you did that didn't turn out

[00:48:21] : [00:48:23]

as opposed to things you diddo, you know, the negative but.

[00:48:23] : [00:48:26]

- What can you tell the story of that?

[00:48:26] : [00:48:28]

And maybe it's just interesting,'cause it is illustrative,

[00:48:28] : [00:48:31]

like how to know when a thingis going to be big and not,

[00:48:31] : [00:48:35]

and what are the fundamentals of it

[00:48:35] : [00:48:37]

and how to take the risk and not,

[00:48:37] : [00:48:39]

and all this kind of stuff.

[00:48:39] : [00:48:40]

- Right, so the backstory ofthat is Bill Gurley came to me

[00:48:40] : [00:48:43]

and said, Mark, there's this guy Travis

[00:48:43] : [00:48:46]

that has this company Red Swoosh,

[00:48:46] : [00:48:48]

which is a peer-to-peer networking company

[00:48:48] : [00:48:50]

that I think you can help.

[00:48:50] : [00:48:53]

And so I invested and wouldspend a lot of time with Travis

[00:48:53] : [00:48:57]

and it is funny 'cause backthen that was like 2006,

[00:48:57] : [00:49:00]

I was an investor atbox.net with Aaron Levy

[00:49:00] : [00:49:05]

and, oh, there was one other company,

[00:49:05] : [00:49:08]

but there were three of them

[00:49:08] : [00:49:09]

where there'd be emails between,

[00:49:09] : [00:49:10]

you know, where I'd introduce them,

[00:49:10] : [00:49:11]

and we'd all talk in these emails

[00:49:11] : [00:49:13]

and they'd all gone to haveastronomical success, right.

[00:49:13] : [00:49:18]

But so Red Swoosh had its issues.

[00:49:18] : [00:49:21]

You know, 'cause I alwayslook at peer-to-peer

[00:49:21] : [00:49:23]

as kind of stealing bandwidthfrom the internet providers

[00:49:23] : [00:49:27]

when bandwidth was a scarce commodity.

[00:49:27] : [00:49:30]

And so, you know,

[00:49:30] : [00:49:31]

what Travis did withthat though was great.

[00:49:31] : [00:49:34]

You know, he convinced gaming companies

[00:49:34] : [00:49:36]

who wanted to do downloads ofthe clients for those games

[00:49:36] : [00:49:39]

to use his peer-to-peer in Red Swoosh.

[00:49:39] : [00:49:41]

And you know, he busted his ass,

[00:49:41] : [00:49:44]

and I think he sold it for$18 million, so he did well.

[00:49:44] : [00:49:47]

And so it was naturalfor him to come to me.

[00:49:47] : [00:49:49]

And I still have the emails, you know,

[00:49:49] : [00:49:51]

and asked me about Uber Cab,

[00:49:51] : [00:49:54]

and I thought, okay, this is a great idea.

[00:49:54] : [00:49:56]

I really, really like it.

[00:49:56] : [00:49:57]

I said, you're gonna, andhe showed me his budgets,

[00:49:57] : [00:50:01]

and I think they were raising money

[00:50:01] : [00:50:03]

at 10 or $15 million or whatever.

[00:50:03] : [00:50:06]

And I'm like, your biggestchallenge is gonna be,

[00:50:06] : [00:50:09]

you're gonna have to fight

[00:50:09] : [00:50:09]

all the incumbent taxi commissions.

[00:50:09] : [00:50:11]

They're gonna want toput you outta business.

[00:50:11] : [00:50:13]

That's gonna be a challenge.

[00:50:13] : [00:50:14]

And I think you don't have enough money

[00:50:14] : [00:50:16]

designated for marketingto get all that done.

[00:50:16] : [00:50:19]

And I said I'd invest, butnot quite at that valuation.

[00:50:19] : [00:50:22]

Right, never came back to me.

[00:50:22] : [00:50:24]

- Yeah, I mean there's some lessons there

[00:50:24] : [00:50:28]

connected to what you're doingnow, we'll talk about it.

[00:50:28] : [00:50:31]

Cost Plus Drugs is likelooking at an industry

[00:50:31] : [00:50:34]

that seems like there's alot of complexity involved,

[00:50:34] : [00:50:38]

but it's like hungry for revolution.

[00:50:38] : [00:50:41]

And the cabs are that.

[00:50:41] : [00:50:43]

- Yeah, for sure, right.

[00:50:43] : [00:50:45]

They they were dominatedby an insulated few.

[00:50:45] : [00:50:48]

They were not very transparent.

[00:50:48] : [00:50:49]

You didn't know the intricacies.

[00:50:49] : [00:50:50]

They were very, very politically driven,

[00:50:50] : [00:50:53]

and old boy incestuous network.

[00:50:53] : [00:50:56]

And to Trav, you know, andlike I told him, Travis,

[00:50:56] : [00:50:59]

the best thing about you

[00:50:59] : [00:51:00]

is you'll run through wallsand break down barriers.

[00:51:00] : [00:51:02]

The bad thing about you isyou'll run through walls

[00:51:02] : [00:51:05]

even if you don't have to, you know?

[00:51:05] : [00:51:07]

- Yeah, and there you kind of have to see,

[00:51:07] : [00:51:09]

is it possible to raise enough money?

[00:51:09] : [00:51:11]

Is it possible to do this? Is it possible?

[00:51:11] : [00:51:13]

Is it possible to break through?

[00:51:13] : [00:51:15]

And it's kind of a fascinatingsuccess story with Uber is.

[00:51:15] : [00:51:18]

- I think he tried to go too big.

[00:51:18] : [00:51:20]

He had too big an ambition,which cost him in the end,

[00:51:20] : [00:51:24]

not financially andpersonally, but just, you know,

[00:51:24] : [00:51:26]

in terms of being able tostick it out with them.

[00:51:26] : [00:51:28]

But, you know, that's whatmakes him a great entrepreneur.

[00:51:28] : [00:51:32]

- Well, it's a fascinating success story.

[00:51:32] : [00:51:34]

You have like certaincompanies like Airbnb,

[00:51:34] : [00:51:37]

just kind of go into this thing

[00:51:37] : [00:51:39]

that we take completely for granted.

[00:51:39] : [00:51:41]

- [Mark] And change it all.

[00:51:41] : [00:51:43]

- Just change it all.

[00:51:43] : [00:51:43]

- Yeah, Belinda Johnson, whoworked as our general counsel

[00:51:43] : [00:51:45]

at broadcast.com was, you know,

[00:51:45] : [00:51:48]

was Brian's GC andChief Operating Officer.

[00:51:48] : [00:51:51]

So yeah, they had a smart,smart, smart, smart team.

[00:51:51] : [00:51:55]

- And they believed in it.

[00:51:55] : [00:51:56]

And they, I mean, it's just,it's a beautiful story.

[00:51:56] : [00:51:59]

'Cause you're like, all right,

[00:51:59] : [00:52:01]

all the things that annoyyou about this world,

[00:52:01] : [00:52:02]

like they're inefficient,

[00:52:02] : [00:52:03]

and they just seem like a pain in the ass.

[00:52:03] : [00:52:05]

- And see, I probably would've said no,

[00:52:05] : [00:52:06]

like a lot of people did toAirbnb, because I'm like.

[00:52:06] : [00:52:10]

- [Lex] That's not gonna work.

[00:52:10] : [00:52:11]

- I don't want people sleeping in my bed.

[00:52:11] : [00:52:12]

- I would've too, I waslike, this is not gonna work.

[00:52:12] : [00:52:14]

I've done like couch surfing and stuff.

[00:52:14] : [00:52:15]

And it was always, it didn't seem right.

[00:52:15] : [00:52:18]

It didn't seem like you coulddo this at a large scale.

[00:52:18] : [00:52:20]

- To monetize it. Yeah, buthe did, more power to him.

[00:52:20] : [00:52:24]

- In 2000, I think January,you purchased a majority stake

[00:52:24] : [00:52:28]

in the NBA team DallasMavericks for 285 million.

[00:52:28] : [00:52:33]

So at this point, maybeyou can correct me,

[00:52:33] : [00:52:38]

but it was one of theworst-performing teams

[00:52:38] : [00:52:40]

in franchise history.

[00:52:40] : [00:52:41]

- It's true.

[00:52:41] : [00:52:43]

- How did you help turn it around?

[00:52:43] : [00:52:46]

- I had this big tallguy named Dirk Nowitzki,

[00:52:46] : [00:52:48]

and I let him be Dirk Nowitzki, right.

[00:52:48] : [00:52:50]

And I got out of the way,

[00:52:50] : [00:52:52]

but I think more than anything else,

[00:52:52] : [00:52:54]

there was the turnaroundon the business side.

[00:52:54] : [00:52:56]

And then there was the turnaroundon the basketball side.

[00:52:56] : [00:52:59]

And on the basketball side,

[00:52:59] : [00:53:00]

I just went in there immediately, said,

[00:53:00] : [00:53:02]

whatever it takes to win,that's what we're going to do.

[00:53:02] : [00:53:05]

You know, back then theyhad three or four coaches

[00:53:05] : [00:53:08]

that were responsible for everything.

[00:53:08] : [00:53:10]

And I was like, okay,

[00:53:10] : [00:53:11]

we spend more money trainingpeople on PC software

[00:53:11] : [00:53:15]

than we do developing

[00:53:15] : [00:53:16]

the most important assets of the business.

[00:53:16] : [00:53:18]

So I made the decision to go out there

[00:53:18] : [00:53:20]

and hire like 15 differentdevelopment coaches,

[00:53:20] : [00:53:24]

one for each player.

[00:53:24] : [00:53:25]

And everybody thought I was just insane.

[00:53:25] : [00:53:28]

But, you know, it sent the message

[00:53:28] : [00:53:30]

that we were going to dowhatever it took to win.

[00:53:30] : [00:53:33]

And once the guys believed that, you know,

[00:53:33] : [00:53:37]

winning was the goal asopposed to just making money,

[00:53:37] : [00:53:41]

attitudes changed, effort went up.

[00:53:41] : [00:53:43]

And you know, the rest is history.

[00:53:43] : [00:53:45]

- So the assets of thebusiness here are the players.

[00:53:45] : [00:53:48]

- The players. Yeah, for sure.

[00:53:48] : [00:53:49]

And then on the business side,

[00:53:49] : [00:53:51]

the first question I asked myself is,

[00:53:51] : [00:53:54]

what business are we in?

[00:53:54] : [00:53:56]

And I really didn't knowthe answer immediately,

[00:53:56] : [00:53:58]

but within the first fewmonths, it was obvious that,

[00:53:58] : [00:54:02]

you know, the entire NBA

[00:54:02] : [00:54:03]

thought we were in thebusiness of basketball.

[00:54:03] : [00:54:06]

We were not, we were inthe experience business.

[00:54:06] : [00:54:08]

When you think about sportingevents that you've been to,

[00:54:08] : [00:54:11]

you don't remember the score.

[00:54:11] : [00:54:12]

You don't remember thehome runs or the dunks.

[00:54:12] : [00:54:14]

You remember who you were with,

[00:54:14] : [00:54:15]

and you remember why youwent, oh, it was my first date

[00:54:15] : [00:54:18]

with the girl who's now my wife.

[00:54:18] : [00:54:19]

Or I went with my buddies,

[00:54:19] : [00:54:21]

and he threw up on theperson in front of us.

[00:54:21] : [00:54:23]

You know, my dad took me,my aunt, my uncle took me.

[00:54:23] : [00:54:25]

Those are the experiences you remember.

[00:54:25] : [00:54:27]

And once I conveyed to our people

[00:54:27] : [00:54:31]

that this is what we were selling,

[00:54:31] : [00:54:32]

that what happened inthe arena off the court

[00:54:32] : [00:54:35]

was just as important aswhat happened on the court,

[00:54:35] : [00:54:37]

if not more so.

[00:54:37] : [00:54:39]

Because if you know mom or dadare bringing the 10-year-old,

[00:54:39] : [00:54:41]

you have to keep them occupied

[00:54:41] : [00:54:43]

because they have short attention spans.

[00:54:43] : [00:54:44]

And so, you know, I wouldget into fights with the NBA,

[00:54:44] : [00:54:47]

you know, put aside the refs,

[00:54:47] : [00:54:48]

but getting in fights in the NBA,

[00:54:48] : [00:54:51]

I would say NBA, nothingbut attorneys, right?

[00:54:51] : [00:54:53]

Because they had nomarketing skills whatsoever.

[00:54:53] : [00:54:55]

And to their credit, you know,

[00:54:55] : [00:54:57]

they realized that was aproblem and started bringing in

[00:54:57] : [00:54:59]

better and better andbetter marketing people.

[00:54:59] : [00:55:00]

- So part of the sellingis you're selling the team,

[00:55:00] : [00:55:03]

selling the sport, selling the people,

[00:55:03] : [00:55:07]

the idea, the all of it, like just the.

[00:55:07] : [00:55:09]

- Well, yeah. The experience.

[00:55:09] : [00:55:11]

So have you ever been to an NBA game?

[00:55:11] : [00:55:11]

- Yeah, the Miami Heat.

[00:55:11] : [00:55:13]

- Do you remember walking into the arena?

[00:55:13] : [00:55:15]

And you feel the energy, right.

[00:55:15] : [00:55:17]

That's what makes it special.

[00:55:17] : [00:55:18]

- Yeah, the energy is everything,especially playoff games.

[00:55:18] : [00:55:20]

- Right, for sure, right.

[00:55:20] : [00:55:22]

And even a regular season game, right.

[00:55:22] : [00:55:23]

Even against the worst team, you know,

[00:55:23] : [00:55:25]

that's where we get, youknow, because the tickets

[00:55:25] : [00:55:28]

tend to be a little bitcheaper on the resale market.

[00:55:28] : [00:55:30]

That's where parentswill bring their kids.

[00:55:30] : [00:55:32]

And so you hear kidsscreaming the entire game,

[00:55:32] : [00:55:34]

and the parents arethrilled to death, right?

[00:55:34] : [00:55:36]

They got to do something with their kids.

[00:55:36] : [00:55:38]

The kids are thrilled to death

[00:55:38] : [00:55:39]

because they got to seebasketball, an NBA game,

[00:55:39] : [00:55:42]

and scream at the top of their lungs.

[00:55:42] : [00:55:44]

And, you know, if it turnsout to be a close game

[00:55:44] : [00:55:46]

and that ball's in the air,

[00:55:46] : [00:55:47]

and if it goes in, you know,

[00:55:47] : [00:55:49]

everybody's hugging and high fiving people

[00:55:49] : [00:55:51]

you've never seen before in your life.

[00:55:51] : [00:55:53]

And if it misses

[00:55:53] : [00:55:53]

you're commiserating withpeople you've never seen before,

[00:55:53] : [00:55:55]

that's such a unique experiencethat's unique to sports.

[00:55:55] : [00:55:59]

And we never sold that.

[00:55:59] : [00:56:00]

And that's exactly whatwe started selling.

[00:56:00] : [00:56:01]

- I have to say, like,just going to that game

[00:56:01] : [00:56:03]

turned me around on basketball

[00:56:03] : [00:56:04]

'cause I'm more of a football guy.

[00:56:04] : [00:56:05]

So basketball wasn't like the main sport.

[00:56:05] : [00:56:08]

I was like, oh, wow, okay.

[00:56:08] : [00:56:09]

- It's fun, 'cause it's different, right?

[00:56:09] : [00:56:11]

- [Lex] Energy was just like.

[00:56:11] : [00:56:12]

- Yeah, the energy in astadium is completely different

[00:56:12] : [00:56:14]

than the energy in an arena.

[00:56:14] : [00:56:16]

You know, you can, youknow, in the stadium,

[00:56:16] : [00:56:17]

particularly if it doesn't have a roof,

[00:56:17] : [00:56:19]

it's hard to bottle that energy.

[00:56:19] : [00:56:21]

You feel it, and you see,like, I'm from Pittsburgh,

[00:56:21] : [00:56:23]

so there's the terrible towelsand people screaming defense

[00:56:23] : [00:56:26]

and everything at Steelers games.

[00:56:26] : [00:56:27]

But in an arena, the energylevel is just indescribable.

[00:56:27] : [00:56:32]

- So how much of it is theselling the tickets in person,

[00:56:32] : [00:56:35]

but also versus what you see on TV?

[00:56:35] : [00:56:39]

So when you're owning a team,

[00:56:39] : [00:56:41]

do you get any of the cutfor the what's shown on TV?

[00:56:41] : [00:56:44]

- Yeah, yeah, we, yeah.

[00:56:44] : [00:56:45]

So there's a TV deal

[00:56:45] : [00:56:46]

that's done with eithera local TV broadcaster

[00:56:46] : [00:56:49]

and we get all of that.

[00:56:49] : [00:56:50]

Or a network broadcaster likeABC, ESPN, TNT, whatever.

[00:56:50] : [00:56:55]

And then we get 1/30th of that.

[00:56:55] : [00:56:58]

- So what role does the TV play in like,

[00:56:58] : [00:57:00]

turning a team around?

[00:57:00] : [00:57:02]

- It keeps fans connected.

[00:57:02] : [00:57:03]

Look, when the team is doingreally well, it's easy, right?

[00:57:03] : [00:57:05]

There's more viewers,everybody's more excited.

[00:57:05] : [00:57:08]

And when you're not, you know,

[00:57:08] : [00:57:09]

there's still gonna behardcore fans and, you know,

[00:57:09] : [00:57:12]

general fans and kids thatlike to watch the game.

[00:57:12] : [00:57:15]

- What about like, the personality

[00:57:15] : [00:57:17]

that people in the stands,

[00:57:17] : [00:57:19]

like I mean clearly you'repart of the legend of the team

[00:57:19] : [00:57:23]

because you're literally there going wild.

[00:57:23] : [00:57:27]

- Yeah, screaming, yeah,the whole game, right?

[00:57:27] : [00:57:28]

Yeah, it's funny, youknow, the way I am here

[00:57:28] : [00:57:31]

is how I am, you know, 24 hours a day

[00:57:31] : [00:57:33]

unless there's a Mavs game.

[00:57:33] : [00:57:35]

You know, and for whatever reason,

[00:57:35] : [00:57:36]

that's where I let out allthat stress and frustration.

[00:57:36] : [00:57:40]

But yeah, I mean, it'snot so much the fans,

[00:57:40] : [00:57:42]

you know, the sixth man, right?

[00:57:42] : [00:57:44]

We need fans to bring thatenergy, and, you know,

[00:57:44] : [00:57:46]

amplifying that as muchas we can is important.

[00:57:46] : [00:57:49]

- You've had a beefrecently on Twitter, on X,

[00:57:49] : [00:57:53]

with Elon over DEI programs.

[00:57:53] : [00:57:56]

What to you is the essenceof the disagreement there?

[00:57:56] : [00:57:59]

- I wouldn't call it abeef, right? It's just.

[00:57:59] : [00:58:02]

- [Lex] It's a bit of fun?

[00:58:02] : [00:58:03]

- Yeah, and it's fun for me, right?

[00:58:03] : [00:58:05]

I just, you know, it's his platform.

[00:58:05] : [00:58:10]

He gets to run it any way heplease, he pays for that right.

[00:58:10] : [00:58:14]

And so I have total respectfor whatever choices he makes,

[00:58:14] : [00:58:17]

even if I don't agree with him.

[00:58:17] : [00:58:19]

But because it's his platform,

[00:58:19] : [00:58:22]

people are less likelyto disagree with him.

[00:58:22] : [00:58:27]

Particularly somebody who'sgot a platform themselves.

[00:58:27] : [00:58:32]

And so when we start talking about DEI,

[00:58:32] : [00:58:35]

and it's just de factoracist and this stuff,

[00:58:35] : [00:58:37]

stuff that I just think is nonsense,

[00:58:37] : [00:58:40]

I have no problem, youknow, sharing my opinion.

[00:58:40] : [00:58:43]

And, you know, if he disagrees,

[00:58:43] : [00:58:46]

okay, he can disagree, I don't care.

[00:58:46] : [00:58:49]

You know, and it's fun to engage,

[00:58:49] : [00:58:52]

but he doesn't really engage, you know,

[00:58:52] : [00:58:54]

he just comes back with snark comments,

[00:58:54] : [00:58:56]

which is, you know, his choice.

[00:58:56] : [00:58:57]

- Yeah, in your comments,

[00:58:57] : [00:58:59]

well, you do a bit of snark too, but.

[00:58:59] : [00:59:01]

- Yeah, a little bit now and then.

[00:59:01] : [00:59:04]

- But you're pretty, let'ssay, rigorous in your response.

[00:59:04] : [00:59:09]

So there is some exchange ofideas, there's some snark,

[00:59:09] : [00:59:11]

there's some fun, all that kind of stuff.

[00:59:11] : [00:59:13]

And you do voice the opinion

[00:59:13] : [00:59:15]

that represents a large number of people.

[00:59:15] : [00:59:17]

And it's great. I mean,that's really beautiful.

[00:59:17] : [00:59:20]

But just lingering on the topic,

[00:59:20] : [00:59:24]

what to you is the good andthe bad of DEI programs?

[00:59:24] : [00:59:28]

- Really simple, right? D is diversity.

[00:59:28] : [00:59:30]

And that means you just expand

[00:59:30] : [00:59:32]

your pool of potential applicants

[00:59:32] : [00:59:34]

to people who you might nototherwise have access to.

[00:59:34] : [00:59:38]

You know, to look whereyou didn't look before,

[00:59:38] : [00:59:40]

to look where other people aren't looking

[00:59:40] : [00:59:41]

for quality employees.

[00:59:41] : [00:59:43]

That's simple.

[00:59:43] : [00:59:45]

And the E in equity meanswhen you hire somebody,

[00:59:45] : [00:59:50]

you put them in a position to succeed.

[00:59:50] : [00:59:53]

The I in inclusion iswhen you've hired somebody

[00:59:53] : [00:59:57]

and they may not betypical, if you will, right?

[00:59:57] : [01:00:00]

You show them some love andgive them the support they need

[01:00:00] : [01:00:03]

so they can do their job as best they can

[01:00:03] : [01:00:04]

and feel comfortable andconfident going to work.

[01:00:04] : [01:00:06]

It's that simple.

[01:00:06] : [01:00:07]

- So that's a beautifulideal when it's implemented.

[01:00:07] : [01:00:11]

Implemented poorly, perhaps,

[01:00:11] : [01:00:13]

or in a way that doesn't reach that ideal.

[01:00:13] : [01:00:16]

Do you see maybe when it's quota based,

[01:00:16] : [01:00:20]

do you see that it can result in

[01:00:20] : [01:00:23]

essentially racism towards Asian people

[01:00:23] : [01:00:26]

and white people, for example?

[01:00:26] : [01:00:27]

- There's a lot to unpack there, right?

[01:00:27] : [01:00:30]

So first, you can't do quotas.

[01:00:30] : [01:00:31]

They're illegal unless you're,

[01:00:31] : [01:00:34]

and I'm not the lawyer on this subject,

[01:00:34] : [01:00:35]

but unless you're tryingto repair something

[01:00:35] : [01:00:39]

that's happened in the past,

[01:00:39] : [01:00:40]

like some discriminationthat's happened in the past.

[01:00:40] : [01:00:42]

So it's not quota based.

[01:00:42] : [01:00:44]

And I think that's reallyjust kind of a straw man

[01:00:44] : [01:00:48]

that people put out there.

[01:00:48] : [01:00:50]

Now does that mean thatthere aren't DEI programs

[01:00:50] : [01:00:53]

that are implementedpoorly, of course not.

[01:00:53] : [01:00:54]

There are everythingthat's implemented poorly

[01:00:54] : [01:00:57]

in one company to another, right?

[01:00:57] : [01:00:59]

Sales, marketing, human resources.

[01:00:59] : [01:01:03]

You can pick any element of business

[01:01:03] : [01:01:05]

and find companies thatimplement it poorly.

[01:01:05] : [01:01:07]

But that's the beauty ofcapitalism in a free market

[01:01:07] : [01:01:11]

or mostly free market, whereif you make these choices,

[01:01:11] : [01:01:15]

and they are the wrong choices,

[01:01:15] : [01:01:17]

you're gonna lose your best people.

[01:01:17] : [01:01:19]

You're not gonna be ableto hire the best people.

[01:01:19] : [01:01:21]

You're not gonna executeon your business plans

[01:01:21] : [01:01:23]

in the way that we discussed,

[01:01:23] : [01:01:25]

regardless of the size of the company.

[01:01:25] : [01:01:27]

And it also, I think,

[01:01:27] : [01:01:30]

depends on where you'rehaving the discussion.

[01:01:30] : [01:01:33]

So when I'm in a differentgroup of people off of X,

[01:01:33] : [01:01:37]

the feedback's completelydifferent, right?

[01:01:37] : [01:01:39]

But to your question of reverseracism, yes, it happens.

[01:01:39] : [01:01:46]

I mean, 'cause people are people.

[01:01:46] : [01:01:49]

There's no, you know,there's no human being

[01:01:49] : [01:01:51]

that is a hundred percent objective.

[01:01:51] : [01:01:55]

And it's also, there'svery, very, very few jobs

[01:01:55] : [01:02:00]

that can be determined

[01:02:00] : [01:02:03]

on a purely quantitative basis, right?

[01:02:03] : [01:02:07]

How do you tell one goodjanitor from the other,

[01:02:07] : [01:02:09]

who's the best, right?

[01:02:09] : [01:02:11]

How do you tell one salesperson that you're hiring

[01:02:11] : [01:02:13]

versus another you're hiring?

[01:02:13] : [01:02:14]

'Cause they haven't sold your product yet.

[01:02:14] : [01:02:15]

So you don't know, we talkedearlier about firing people

[01:02:15] : [01:02:18]

'cause you made mistakes.

[01:02:18] : [01:02:19]

And you know, yes, there'sdiscrimination against any group,

[01:02:19] : [01:02:24]

white, Asian, Black, green,orange, whatever it may be.

[01:02:24] : [01:02:29]

But I truly believe

[01:02:29] : [01:02:31]

that there's far more discriminationagainst people of color

[01:02:31] : [01:02:34]

than there are people who are white.

[01:02:34] : [01:02:36]

And I think it's become a straw man

[01:02:36] : [01:02:40]

that reverse discrimination because of DEI

[01:02:40] : [01:02:42]

is prevalent or near ubiquitous.

[01:02:42] : [01:02:46]

- Well, much of American history

[01:02:46] : [01:02:50]

was defined by intenseradical racism and sexism.

[01:02:50] : [01:02:55]

But in the recent years,there was a correction.

[01:02:55] : [01:03:00]

And I think the nature of the criticism

[01:03:00] : [01:03:02]

is that there's an overcorrection

[01:03:02] : [01:03:04]

where DEI programs atuniversities and companies

[01:03:04] : [01:03:09]

are often, when they'renot doing their job well,

[01:03:09] : [01:03:11]

are often hard to criticize.

[01:03:11] : [01:03:14]

Because when you criticize themwithin the company or so on,

[01:03:14] : [01:03:17]

they have a very strong immune system

[01:03:17] : [01:03:21]

where if you criticize a DEI program,

[01:03:21] : [01:03:25]

it seems like it's veryeasy to be called racist.

[01:03:25] : [01:03:28]

And if you're called racist or sexist,

[01:03:28] : [01:03:30]

that's a sticky label for some reason.

[01:03:30] : [01:03:33]

- So you're getting into

[01:03:33] : [01:03:34]

the culture of organizations, right?

[01:03:34] : [01:03:36]

And leadership within organizations,

[01:03:36] : [01:03:38]

and accepting any type ofcriticism, put aside DEI.

[01:03:38] : [01:03:43]

When I criticized the referees in the MBA,

[01:03:43] : [01:03:47]

I got fined, right?

[01:03:47] : [01:03:49]

That was their option.

[01:03:49] : [01:03:51]

I knew what I was getting into, right?

[01:03:51] : [01:03:52]

Not that they're completely analogous,

[01:03:52] : [01:03:54]

but it's cause and effect.

[01:03:54] : [01:03:56]

If I'm in a major companyand I'm publicly criticizing

[01:03:56] : [01:04:00]

or even internally criticizinga sales plan or a product,

[01:04:00] : [01:04:05]

our product sucks, right?

[01:04:05] : [01:04:07]

Where like, there was a Google engineer

[01:04:07] : [01:04:08]

that got fired for saying, youknow, Google had AGI, right?

[01:04:08] : [01:04:12]

And nobody believed they did.

[01:04:12] : [01:04:13]

And they knew that created problems.

[01:04:13] : [01:04:15]

It wasn't DEI related,

[01:04:15] : [01:04:16]

but it was, you know,saying something publicly

[01:04:16] : [01:04:18]

that was in the CEO's eyes

[01:04:18] : [01:04:21]

to the detriment of the company, right?

[01:04:21] : [01:04:23]

So I think those are all analogous.

[01:04:23] : [01:04:25]

If you're trying

[01:04:25] : [01:04:26]

to accomplish somethingwithin an organization

[01:04:26] : [01:04:28]

because you think there's a problem,

[01:04:28] : [01:04:29]

and there's people speaking out saying,

[01:04:29] : [01:04:32]

look, we're getting it wrong.

[01:04:32] : [01:04:34]

I think I'm a victim of allthis and the company's, right?

[01:04:34] : [01:04:37]

Then, you know, leadershiphas gotta make a decision.

[01:04:37] : [01:04:40]

Do they agree or not agree?Are they right are they wrong?

[01:04:40] : [01:04:44]

Is it to the positive?

[01:04:44] : [01:04:46]

Is it positive or negative to the company?

[01:04:46] : [01:04:49]

And you decide, so, you know,

[01:04:49] : [01:04:50]

this conversation that conservatives

[01:04:50] : [01:04:52]

are being silenced in organizations now.

[01:04:52] : [01:04:56]

I just, I haven't seen it.

[01:04:56] : [01:05:00]

You know, I've talked to,

[01:05:00] : [01:05:02]

and then the other sideof your question I think,

[01:05:02] : [01:05:04]

unpacking it, is what's driving all this?

[01:05:04] : [01:05:08]

Put aside universities for one minute.

[01:05:08] : [01:05:12]

In corporate America,

[01:05:12] : [01:05:14]

when I talk to people incorporate America about DEI,

[01:05:14] : [01:05:18]

they always start talkingabout ideology, right?

[01:05:18] : [01:05:24]

And like, I've talked to Bill Ackman,

[01:05:24] : [01:05:25]

who you've had on, right?

[01:05:25] : [01:05:27]

And when I asked him, "Well, Bill,

[01:05:27] : [01:05:29]

you run your own companies,who's telling you what to do?"

[01:05:29] : [01:05:32]

"They are."

[01:05:32] : [01:05:33]

"Who's they?"

[01:05:33] : [01:05:34]

"Well, it's the universities, you know,

[01:05:34] : [01:05:37]

the people who have this ideology of DEI."

[01:05:37] : [01:05:39]

I'm like, "Did they forceyou? Did they coerce you?

[01:05:39] : [01:05:45]

Did you lose control of your company?"

[01:05:45] : [01:05:47]

"No, it's not me. Ithappens to other people."

[01:05:47] : [01:05:49]

Then I talk to other people, same thing.

[01:05:49] : [01:05:52]

So I get, you know, trynot to go one-on-one

[01:05:52] : [01:05:55]

and Twitter conversations on this topic.

[01:05:55] : [01:05:57]

So in the DMs

[01:05:57] : [01:05:59]

I'll talk to people whoare really conservative,

[01:05:59] : [01:06:02]

and I'll ask the samequestion and I'll be like,

[01:06:02] : [01:06:04]

"Well, who's forcing you to do this?"

[01:06:04] : [01:06:06]

"Well, it's the ideologythat's everywhere, you see it."

[01:06:06] : [01:06:08]

Didn't you see theHarvard thing, you know,

[01:06:08] : [01:06:10]

in University of North Carolina.

[01:06:10] : [01:06:12]

I'm like, I've never had anybody

[01:06:12] : [01:06:13]

try to push me in thisdirection to do this.

[01:06:13] : [01:06:15]

This was my business choice.

[01:06:15] : [01:06:17]

I'm not trying to tell otherpeople you have to do this.

[01:06:17] : [01:06:20]

You make your own business choices.

[01:06:20] : [01:06:22]

And so where companies thatmade their business choices,

[01:06:22] : [01:06:25]

and if somebody doesn't feel confident

[01:06:25] : [01:06:26]

or comfortable with it,

[01:06:26] : [01:06:28]

they may feel they're beingdiscriminated against.

[01:06:28] : [01:06:30]

There was something I just readin "The Wall Street Journal"

[01:06:30] : [01:06:33]

where "The Wall Street Journal"

[01:06:33] : [01:06:34]

had a company interviewed2 million people, right?

[01:06:34] : [01:06:38]

And the difficulty in firing,

[01:06:38] : [01:06:40]

and how people, when they were fired,

[01:06:40] : [01:06:43]

40% of the people who werefired felt like it was wrong,

[01:06:43] : [01:06:48]

that they were doing a great job.

[01:06:48] : [01:06:50]

Yet then it talked about the HR person

[01:06:50] : [01:06:53]

going through the hassle oftrying to explain to this person

[01:06:53] : [01:06:56]

through performance reviews

[01:06:56] : [01:06:58]

that they weren't doing a good job,

[01:06:58] : [01:07:00]

yet the people still thoughtthey were doing a great job

[01:07:00] : [01:07:02]

despite being told they'renot doing a good job, right?

[01:07:02] : [01:07:04]

So I see that as beingan analogous to all this,

[01:07:04] : [01:07:07]

you know, this huffing and puffing

[01:07:07] : [01:07:09]

about reverse discriminations,

[01:07:09] : [01:07:12]

and conservatives notbeing able to speak up

[01:07:12] : [01:07:14]

because if 40% of peoplewho have been fired

[01:07:14] : [01:07:18]

don't believe they should have been fired.

[01:07:18] : [01:07:20]

There's a disconnect somewhere

[01:07:20] : [01:07:22]

in how you think you're doing your job.

[01:07:22] : [01:07:24]

And if you just feel like Ican't speak up because of it,

[01:07:24] : [01:07:29]

because you're white,

[01:07:29] : [01:07:31]

and that doesn't comportwell with DEI programs,

[01:07:31] : [01:07:35]

a lot of things aregoing to happen, right?

[01:07:35] : [01:07:39]

Either that's gonna come upin your performance review,

[01:07:39] : [01:07:43]

HR or your boss is going tohave to address it in some way.

[01:07:43] : [01:07:46]

It's gonna get to HR at some level,

[01:07:46] : [01:07:48]

and then decisions aregoing to have to be mad,

[01:07:48] : [01:07:51]

and you can't just fire somebody

[01:07:51] : [01:07:52]

because they spoke up, right.

[01:07:52] : [01:07:55]

Somebody's gonna haveto communicate with you.

[01:07:55] : [01:07:56]

And so I think a lot of, I just,

[01:07:56] : [01:07:59]

I just don't trust the supposed volume

[01:07:59] : [01:08:03]

that people say it's happening at

[01:08:03] : [01:08:06]

versus everything I've read and seen.

[01:08:06] : [01:08:07]

And when I talk to people

[01:08:07] : [01:08:08]

in positions of authoritywithin organizations,

[01:08:08] : [01:08:11]

and ask them who's forcing them, you know,

[01:08:11] : [01:08:13]

to implement theseideologies, nobody says,

[01:08:13] : [01:08:17]

nobody says yes, that there is somebody.

[01:08:17] : [01:08:19]

But on Twitter, it sounds great.

[01:08:19] : [01:08:22]

- It is true forconservatives, but in general,

[01:08:22] : [01:08:24]

you can sell books, you can get likes

[01:08:24] : [01:08:27]

when you talk about this ideology,

[01:08:27] : [01:08:29]

and then there's a degree to which

[01:08:29] : [01:08:30]

is this woke ideology inthe room with us right now?

[01:08:30] : [01:08:34]

Meaning like it's this boogie monster

[01:08:34] : [01:08:37]

that we are all kind of.

[01:08:37] : [01:08:39]

- Or is it a positive?

[01:08:39] : [01:08:40]

- I guess another way to saythat is they don't highlight

[01:08:40] : [01:08:42]

a lot of the positiveprogress that's been made

[01:08:42] : [01:08:45]

in the positive version of the word woke

[01:08:45] : [01:08:48]

in terms of correcting some ofthe wrongs done in the past.

[01:08:48] : [01:08:51]

So, but that said, you know,if you ask people in Russia,

[01:08:51] : [01:08:55]

a lot of them will say,there's no propaganda here.

[01:08:55] : [01:08:58]

There's no sense of sharingand all that kind of stuff.

[01:08:58] : [01:09:01]

It's sometimes hard tosee when you're in it

[01:09:01] : [01:09:04]

that this kind of stuff is happening.

[01:09:04] : [01:09:06]

It does seem difficult tocriticize DEI programs.

[01:09:06] : [01:09:11]

Not horribly difficult, terrible.

[01:09:11] : [01:09:14]

They're this monster thatinfiltrates everything.

[01:09:14] : [01:09:17]

But it is difficult, and itrequires great leadership.

[01:09:17] : [01:09:20]

- So where have you criticizedit and been condemned?

[01:09:20] : [01:09:23]

Academic or?

[01:09:23] : [01:09:24]

- Academic. Yeah.

[01:09:24] : [01:09:26]

- Okay, academic, two different worlds.

[01:09:26] : [01:09:28]

- Companies and academic, yeah.

[01:09:28] : [01:09:29]

- [Mark] Two different worlds.

[01:09:29] : [01:09:31]

- But I also think it's not,

[01:09:31] : [01:09:33]

I really wanna point my fingerat the failure of leadership

[01:09:33] : [01:09:36]

of basically firing mediocre people,

[01:09:36] : [01:09:41]

like people that arenot good at their job.

[01:09:41] : [01:09:43]

The problem to me isDEI's defense mechanism,

[01:09:43] : [01:09:48]

like immune system is so strong

[01:09:48] : [01:09:51]

that the shitty people don't get fired.

[01:09:51] : [01:09:55]

So the vision, the ideal ofDEI is a beautiful ideal.

[01:09:55] : [01:09:59]

It's just like.

[01:09:59] : [01:10:01]

- Well, maybe it's 'causeI'm an entrepreneur,

[01:10:01] : [01:10:02]

when I see an ideal that, you know,

[01:10:02] : [01:10:04]

you try to implement it and support it

[01:10:04] : [01:10:06]

and get to that point.

[01:10:06] : [01:10:07]

But universities and companies

[01:10:07] : [01:10:10]

are night and day different, right?

[01:10:10] : [01:10:11]

I can see an argument forthe ideology in a university.

[01:10:11] : [01:10:14]

I can see, you know,

[01:10:14] : [01:10:16]

you look at the amountof money spent on it.

[01:10:16] : [01:10:18]

And so while the goal is right,

[01:10:18] : [01:10:20]

the way they implement it in universities,

[01:10:20] : [01:10:25]

the way they implement mostthings in universities is wrong.

[01:10:25] : [01:10:28]

Right, there's a reason whytuition has gone up, you know,

[01:10:28] : [01:10:31]

a multitude of, or amultiple of inflation.

[01:10:31] : [01:10:36]

They're not well-runorganizations across the board.

[01:10:36] : [01:10:40]

So I'm not gonna argue with that at all.

[01:10:40] : [01:10:42]

So when you've seen me argue with DEI,

[01:10:42] : [01:10:44]

I haven't waded into DEIin universities at all.

[01:10:44] : [01:10:47]

- So it's mostly focused on companies.

[01:10:47] : [01:10:48]

- A hundred percent, right?Because that's where I exist.

[01:10:48] : [01:10:50]

But at the same time, like Iread Christopher Rufo's book

[01:10:50] : [01:10:53]

where he talks about kindathe genealogy of wokeism

[01:10:53] : [01:10:55]

and ideology, but thenhe gets to the point,

[01:10:55] : [01:10:58]

and I hope I'm remembering this right,

[01:10:58] : [01:11:00]

where he says that the response to it

[01:11:00] : [01:11:03]

is decentralized activism, if you will.

[01:11:03] : [01:11:07]

That's not the word he used,to try to counter that DEI.

[01:11:07] : [01:11:10]

And that seems to me to be

[01:11:10] : [01:11:16]

counter to the whole conservativemovement right now, right?

[01:11:16] : [01:11:19]

Other than school boards, right.

[01:11:19] : [01:11:21]

Where it's centralized and, you know,

[01:11:21] : [01:11:24]

the Republican candidate

[01:11:24] : [01:11:25]

is all about centralized power in him.

[01:11:25] : [01:11:28]

And you know, to me that's just a conflict

[01:11:28] : [01:11:32]

in a lot of the underpinningof the whole DEI conversation.

[01:11:32] : [01:11:36]

That a lot of, and a lotof which goes through

[01:11:36] : [01:11:39]

Christopher Rufo right now.

[01:11:39] : [01:11:41]

- Let's continue on a theme

[01:11:41] : [01:11:42]

of fun exchanges on the internet.

[01:11:42] : [01:11:45]

So Elon tweeted, "Thefundamental axiomatic flaw

[01:11:45] : [01:11:49]

of the woke mind virus

[01:11:49] : [01:11:51]

is that the weaker party isalways right," in parentheses,

[01:11:51] : [01:11:54]

"even if they want you to die."

[01:11:54] : [01:11:57]

And you responded at length.

[01:11:57] : [01:11:59]

But the beginning is, "Thefundamental axiomatic flaw

[01:11:59] : [01:12:02]

of the anti-woke mind

[01:12:02] : [01:12:05]

is that it allows groupswith historical power

[01:12:05] : [01:12:07]

to play the victim bytaking anecdotal examples

[01:12:07] : [01:12:10]

and packaging them intoconjured conspiratorial ideology

[01:12:10] : [01:12:14]

that threatens to upendthe power structures

[01:12:14] : [01:12:17]

they have been depending on," so.

[01:12:17] : [01:12:21]

- It says it all, right?

[01:12:21] : [01:12:24]

- Well, there's a tension there.

[01:12:24] : [01:12:26]

So yes, but both can be abused, right?

[01:12:26] : [01:12:31]

Both positions of power can be abused.

[01:12:31] : [01:12:35]

There's power in DEI,

[01:12:35] : [01:12:37]

and there's shitty peoplethat can crave power

[01:12:37] : [01:12:41]

and hold onto power andsacrifice their ideals.

[01:12:41] : [01:12:45]

- Okay, put aside universities, okay.

[01:12:45] : [01:12:47]

- Dammit, yeah, I mean.

[01:12:47] : [01:12:49]

- Because I'm not gonna argue

[01:12:49] : [01:12:50]

that universitiesimplement DEI well, right?

[01:12:50] : [01:12:52]

And I'm not gonna tell you that, you know,

[01:12:52] : [01:12:55]

they need to be spending 20some million dollars a year

[01:12:55] : [01:12:59]

on DEI positions, to me, that's insane.

[01:12:59] : [01:13:03]

Do I look at the Harvardand North Carolina decision

[01:13:03] : [01:13:09]

and say it was a great decision?

[01:13:09] : [01:13:11]

No, because, you know, I thinkhaving a diverse student body

[01:13:11] : [01:13:15]

helps make for

[01:13:15] : [01:13:17]

kids who are betterprepared for the real world.

[01:13:17] : [01:13:21]

But I'm not running a university,so it's not my choice.

[01:13:21] : [01:13:24]

Maybe at some point in thefuture I will, but not now.

[01:13:24] : [01:13:27]

And in terms of the corporate side of it,

[01:13:27] : [01:13:32]

who's telling anybody what to do?

[01:13:32] : [01:13:35]

- Well, maybe you can give me some help.

[01:13:35] : [01:13:41]

- Sure. I'm here to help you, Lex.

[01:13:41] : [01:13:43]

- There's an example in the AI world

[01:13:43] : [01:13:47]

of a system called Gemini 1.5.

[01:13:47] : [01:13:52]

- Yeah, I mean,

[01:13:52] : [01:13:53]

everybody was Black orwhatever, people of color.

[01:13:53] : [01:13:54]

- [Lex] George Washingtonwas Black. Nazis were Black.

[01:13:54] : [01:13:57]

- So why is it when that cameout, it was a big uproar.

[01:13:57] : [01:14:00]

But when somebody, so who, oh, who was it?

[01:14:00] : [01:14:04]

One of the people who weretrying to fuck with me?

[01:14:04] : [01:14:07]

I forget which one.

[01:14:07] : [01:14:09]

- There's so many people.

[01:14:09] : [01:14:10]

- Yeah, but he pointed out toElon, that Grok, Elon's AI,

[01:14:10] : [01:14:15]

was woke when it answeredcertain questions.

[01:14:15] : [01:14:21]

And other people have pointedout other things to Elon

[01:14:21] : [01:14:24]

about Grok, Grok, Grok,however it's pronounced,

[01:14:24] : [01:14:26]

that was leaning left or woke, right?

[01:14:26] : [01:14:31]

And Elon's response was, oh, it'll change.

[01:14:31] : [01:14:34]

It's a mistake. We're fixing it.

[01:14:34] : [01:14:36]

When it happens to Gemini and Google,

[01:14:36] : [01:14:38]

it's the end of the world.

[01:14:38] : [01:14:39]

Look how woke they are.

[01:14:39] : [01:14:40]

And it's a reflectionof all their culture.

[01:14:40] : [01:14:42]

Now Google comes outand says it's a mistake.

[01:14:42] : [01:14:44]

And then they doxx the guywho's the product manager

[01:14:44] : [01:14:48]

or whatever of AI, of that product,

[01:14:48] : [01:14:50]

and then they go back andlook at his old tweets, right?

[01:14:50] : [01:14:54]

And show that he's very left-leaning

[01:14:54] : [01:14:56]

and very, you know, DEI supportive.

[01:14:56] : [01:14:59]

And that's the end of the world.

[01:14:59] : [01:15:01]

- It's not the end of the world.

[01:15:01] : [01:15:03]

But Google is so much dependent on trust.

[01:15:03] : [01:15:08]

That trust a Google search

[01:15:08] : [01:15:11]

has as objective as possible a channel

[01:15:11] : [01:15:14]

into the world of information.

[01:15:14] : [01:15:17]

And so that brand isreally important for us.

[01:15:17] : [01:15:19]

- Yeah, see, you're over, you'regiving them too much power.

[01:15:19] : [01:15:22]

And maybe I'm notrecognizing the power, right?

[01:15:22] : [01:15:25]

So I'll tell you a personal experience.

[01:15:25] : [01:15:27]

Up until a month ago, maybe,if you put in keto gummies,

[01:15:27] : [01:15:34]

"Shark Tank" keto gummies into Google,

[01:15:34] : [01:15:41]

it would show up with scammyads, scam ad after scam ad.

[01:15:41] : [01:15:45]

And I would get emailsup until a month ago

[01:15:45] : [01:15:49]

from elderly people

[01:15:49] : [01:15:51]

asking me why the gummies weren't working,

[01:15:51] : [01:15:54]

and why the companies were charging

[01:15:54] : [01:15:55]

all this money on a month by month basis

[01:15:55] : [01:15:59]

when they tried to cancel.

[01:15:59] : [01:16:00]

And they said it was the number one deal

[01:16:00] : [01:16:03]

on "Shark Tank" of alltime, right, on all Shark.

[01:16:03] : [01:16:05]

It was a mistake.

[01:16:05] : [01:16:07]

- Well, there's fraud, there'smistakes, but the mistakes.

[01:16:07] : [01:16:12]

- No, but why didn't Google fix it, right?

[01:16:12] : [01:16:15]

The just didn't happen once over one week,

[01:16:15] : [01:16:16]

over two weeks, right.

[01:16:16] : [01:16:18]

And because it was hard to fix.

[01:16:18] : [01:16:20]

As it turns out,

[01:16:20] : [01:16:21]

I was working with themto try to find a fix,

[01:16:21] : [01:16:23]

and we would both look at the same page.

[01:16:23] : [01:16:26]

And if you were inside of Google

[01:16:26] : [01:16:29]

within the google.com domain,it would show one page.

[01:16:29] : [01:16:33]

If you were outside ofGoogle, it would show another.

[01:16:33] : [01:16:35]

And it took us lookingat it at the same time

[01:16:35] : [01:16:37]

for anybody to realize it.

[01:16:37] : [01:16:38]

Meaning that there's alot of technology problems

[01:16:38] : [01:16:40]

that are hard to fix.

[01:16:40] : [01:16:42]

- They're super complex.

[01:16:42] : [01:16:43]

And we could talk about itforever with social media,

[01:16:43] : [01:16:45]

the criticism towards Google,towards other companies,

[01:16:45] : [01:16:48]

when they're based in Silicon Valley,

[01:16:48] : [01:16:50]

there could be an ideological drift

[01:16:50] : [01:16:51]

into a ideological bubble

[01:16:51] : [01:16:55]

outta which the technology is created.

[01:16:55] : [01:16:57]

And they could be blindto the obvious bias

[01:16:57] : [01:17:00]

that's becomes inherent to.

[01:17:00] : [01:17:02]

- Yeah, but they got billions of customers

[01:17:02] : [01:17:03]

who are not gonna, sowhat you're saying is

[01:17:03] : [01:17:05]

the free market stops withartificial intelligence,

[01:17:05] : [01:17:08]

that people don't payattention and respond.

[01:17:08] : [01:17:12]

That Google doesn'tlisten to the responses,

[01:17:12] : [01:17:14]

that people inside of Google

[01:17:14] : [01:17:15]

will ignore their ownbest financial interest

[01:17:15] : [01:17:18]

and even their own bestpersonal interests.

[01:17:18] : [01:17:20]

'Cause they know they'regonna get doxxed now

[01:17:20] : [01:17:23]

by Elon and others.

[01:17:23] : [01:17:24]

And so I just don't see that.

[01:17:24] : [01:17:27]

And Elon's not allowed tomake those same mistakes, but.

[01:17:27] : [01:17:30]

- [Lex] No, no, no.

[01:17:30] : [01:17:31]

- He is allowed to make thosemistakes, but Google isn't.

[01:17:31] : [01:17:33]

- Oh no, Elon is 100% should be criticized

[01:17:33] : [01:17:36]

for the ridiculousness ofoverstatements that he makes

[01:17:36] : [01:17:39]

about various products.

[01:17:39] : [01:17:41]

He's having a bit offun, like you are, also.

[01:17:41] : [01:17:43]

And I also believe in the free market,

[01:17:43] : [01:17:47]

but it's not always efficient.

[01:17:47] : [01:17:49]

You know, there's like a delay.

[01:17:49] : [01:17:51]

- It just takes time. Yeah, it's fine.

[01:17:51] : [01:17:52]

- So, which is why Elon isimportant when calling out,

[01:17:52] : [01:17:54]

I think overstating thecriticism of Gemini,

[01:17:54] : [01:17:57]

but Elon and others are just.

[01:17:57] : [01:17:58]

- Gemini wasn't even a fullyavailable public product yet.

[01:17:58] : [01:18:03]

- It's still a bias thatresonates with people.

[01:18:03] : [01:18:06]

- That's the way neuralnetworks work though, right?

[01:18:06] : [01:18:08]

That's why there'll be millions of models

[01:18:08] : [01:18:10]

because weights andbiases putting together,

[01:18:10] : [01:18:14]

you know, a neural network.

[01:18:14] : [01:18:15]

- But, well, no, so likethe Black George Washington

[01:18:15] : [01:18:20]

is a correction on topof the foundation model,

[01:18:20] : [01:18:25]

to keep it quote unquote sort of safe.

[01:18:25] : [01:18:28]

One of the big criticisms ofall of the models, frankly,

[01:18:28] : [01:18:32]

probably even Grok a little bit less so,

[01:18:32] : [01:18:34]

is they're like tryingto be really conservative

[01:18:34] : [01:18:38]

in the sense of trying to becareful not to say crazy shit.

[01:18:38] : [01:18:42]

- [Mark] Of course.

[01:18:42] : [01:18:44]

- Because we don't know how the thing.

[01:18:44] : [01:18:44]

- It's brand new, and weknow what happens, right?

[01:18:44] : [01:18:46]

And they do it on thefront end with prompts,

[01:18:46] : [01:18:49]

and they try to do it on the back end

[01:18:49] : [01:18:50]

with the neural networks thatare underneath them, right?

[01:18:50] : [01:18:53]

And it doesn't always work.

[01:18:53] : [01:18:55]

And that's why there'sgonna be millions of models

[01:18:55] : [01:18:57]

rather than just, you know,four foundational models

[01:18:57] : [01:19:01]

or five that everybody uses.

[01:19:01] : [01:19:02]

- Well, I guess the main criticism

[01:19:02] : [01:19:04]

is you want to have some transparency

[01:19:04] : [01:19:06]

of all the teams that areinvolved, and that this kind of,

[01:19:06] : [01:19:09]

to the degree there'sa left-leaning ideology

[01:19:09] : [01:19:14]

within the companies, itdoesn't affect the product.

[01:19:14] : [01:19:16]

- But that's the beauty of.

[01:19:16] : [01:19:17]

- The free market.

[01:19:17] : [01:19:18]

- Yeah, that's where themarket corrects it, right?

[01:19:18] : [01:19:21]

And not only from the outside,

[01:19:21] : [01:19:23]

because everybody youknow is going to test it.

[01:19:23] : [01:19:25]

Like when YouTube first cameout, or not first came out,

[01:19:25] : [01:19:28]

when after Google boughtthem, you used to be able,

[01:19:28] : [01:19:31]

there used to be different commands

[01:19:31] : [01:19:34]

you could give it, right?

[01:19:34] : [01:19:35]

There were line prompt commandsthat you could give it,

[01:19:35] : [01:19:38]

and you could find all thenasty porn that got loaded

[01:19:38] : [01:19:41]

before they kicked it off, right.

[01:19:41] : [01:19:44]

And it was just the nastiest shit ever.

[01:19:44] : [01:19:47]

And even now to this day,

[01:19:47] : [01:19:49]

if there's some horrific, tragic event,

[01:19:49] : [01:19:51]

somebody's loading it up, right?

[01:19:51] : [01:19:53]

Now I know that's not direct to your point

[01:19:53] : [01:19:55]

of internal influenceto the output, right?

[01:19:55] : [01:19:58]

But people on the outside

[01:19:58] : [01:20:00]

are gonna check for that now, right?

[01:20:00] : [01:20:01]

It's almost like thenew bug contest, right?

[01:20:01] : [01:20:04]

To try to find bugs in software.

[01:20:04] : [01:20:06]

And then on the inside,if it's all left-leaning,

[01:20:06] : [01:20:09]

and all you have isleft-leaning employees,

[01:20:09] : [01:20:11]

because you know, most conservativeswon't wanna work there,

[01:20:11] : [01:20:14]

then again, that'sself-correcting as well.

[01:20:14] : [01:20:16]

- That's the hope.

[01:20:16] : [01:20:18]

But it can self-correct indifferent kinds of ways.

[01:20:18] : [01:20:20]

You can have a differentcompany that competes

[01:20:20] : [01:20:22]

and becomes more conservative.

[01:20:22] : [01:20:23]

I mean, my worry is thatit's kind of becomes

[01:20:23] : [01:20:26]

like two different worldswhere there's like.

[01:20:26] : [01:20:27]

- Already is.

[01:20:27] : [01:20:29]

- No, come on. Don't give up.

[01:20:29] : [01:20:31]

- Oh, I'm not giving up.

[01:20:31] : [01:20:33]

So where does this gois the question, right.

[01:20:33] : [01:20:36]

What happens next?

[01:20:36] : [01:20:37]

And I mean, going back, I mean,

[01:20:37] : [01:20:40]

I've been in so many PCrevolutions, right, or evolutions.

[01:20:40] : [01:20:44]

Where porn was the big issue, right.

[01:20:44] : [01:20:48]

Now we don't even talkabout porn being an issue,

[01:20:48] : [01:20:50]

even though, you know, ifevery post on Twitter now has,

[01:20:50] : [01:20:54]

you know, LinkedIn biofor a porn post, right?

[01:20:54] : [01:20:59]

We don't even thinkthat's a negative anymore.

[01:20:59] : [01:21:01]

That's just an accepted thing.

[01:21:01] : [01:21:02]

And now it's become very,

[01:21:02] : [01:21:04]

where are your politics on Twitter?

[01:21:04] : [01:21:07]

But again, as you extendthat and things grow,

[01:21:07] : [01:21:12]

as AI models become moreefficient and trainable on less,

[01:21:12] : [01:21:19]

for a lot less money, or evenlocally on a PC or a phone,

[01:21:19] : [01:21:22]

we're all gonna have our own models,

[01:21:22] : [01:21:24]

and there's gonna be millions and millions

[01:21:24] : [01:21:26]

and millions of models, andnot just foundational models.

[01:21:26] : [01:21:29]

Now maybe they're builtsome on open source,

[01:21:29] : [01:21:32]

maybe, you know, it'll be copypasta

[01:21:32] : [01:21:35]

where you can just cut andpaste and create your own model

[01:21:35] : [01:21:38]

and train it yourself.

[01:21:38] : [01:21:39]

Maybe it'll be mixture ofexperts where, you know,

[01:21:39] : [01:21:42]

maybe it'll be a meta front end.

[01:21:42] : [01:21:44]

Like we're working on a project

[01:21:44] : [01:21:45]

where we take 30 different AI models,

[01:21:45] : [01:21:48]

and there's just a meta search engine

[01:21:48] : [01:21:50]

where it searches all of them,

[01:21:50] : [01:21:51]

and you can compare all the outputs

[01:21:51] : [01:21:53]

and see what you think is the best,

[01:21:53] : [01:21:55]

kinda like a search engine, right?

[01:21:55] : [01:21:56]

Because you might get is DEI good, right?

[01:21:56] : [01:22:00]

You know, is the COVIDvaccine good, right?

[01:22:00] : [01:22:02]

You're gonna get a variety of outputs,

[01:22:02] : [01:22:06]

and you have to makethat decision yourself.

[01:22:06] : [01:22:09]

That's what I think is gonnahappen with AI as well,

[01:22:09] : [01:22:11]

because I think brands,there's no way the Mayo Clinic

[01:22:11] : [01:22:14]

and the Harvard Medical School

[01:22:14] : [01:22:17]

are just going to contribute all their IP

[01:22:17] : [01:22:19]

to ChatGPT or Gemini or whatever,

[01:22:19] : [01:22:23]

it's gonna have to be licensed

[01:22:23] : [01:22:25]

or they're gonna do their own.

[01:22:25] : [01:22:26]

- Yeah, I mean, that'sa very hopeful message.

[01:22:26] : [01:22:29]

But that said, you know, human history

[01:22:29] : [01:22:34]

doesn't always autocorrect really quickly,

[01:22:34] : [01:22:36]

self-correct really quickly.

[01:22:36] : [01:22:38]

Sometimes you get intothis very painful things.

[01:22:38] : [01:22:41]

You have Stalin, you have Hitler,

[01:22:41] : [01:22:45]

you can get to places very quickly

[01:22:45] : [01:22:47]

where the ideological thingjust builds on itself.

[01:22:47] : [01:22:49]

And like you, but.

[01:22:49] : [01:22:51]

- Twitter is not real world,you know, there's 20 that.

[01:22:51] : [01:22:55]

- Twitter's not realworld. That's true, yes.

[01:22:55] : [01:22:56]

But you could still have anation captured by an ideology.

[01:22:56] : [01:23:00]

I think America has been really good

[01:23:00] : [01:23:03]

at having these two blue and red

[01:23:03] : [01:23:06]

always at tension with eachother, dividing the populace.

[01:23:06] : [01:23:10]

And in the process of doingthat, figuring stuff out,

[01:23:10] : [01:23:14]

like, almost likeplaying devil's advocate,

[01:23:14] : [01:23:16]

but like, in real life.

[01:23:16] : [01:23:18]

- And, you know, and that'sfair and that's right.

[01:23:18] : [01:23:20]

You know, as opposed to Pravda

[01:23:20] : [01:23:21]

telling you everythingyou want to know, right.

[01:23:21] : [01:23:23]

And everybody believing it

[01:23:23] : [01:23:25]

'cause there's controlof everything, right?

[01:23:25] : [01:23:26]

And so going back towhat you said earlier,

[01:23:26] : [01:23:28]

people in Russia don't thinkit, you know, invading Ukraine,

[01:23:28] : [01:23:32]

you know, a lot of them seeit as a positive, right?

[01:23:32] : [01:23:35]

I'm sure you have relatives andfriends who think, you know,

[01:23:35] : [01:23:38]

it's the best thing thatever happened, right?

[01:23:38] : [01:23:40]

Because they believe in Putin and.

[01:23:40] : [01:23:42]

- They're denazifying Ukraine,

[01:23:42] : [01:23:44]

they're removing the Nazis from Ukraine.

[01:23:44] : [01:23:47]

- Right, because that'sexactly what Putin said.

[01:23:47] : [01:23:48]

And you know, we don't haveone uniform media outlet.

[01:23:48] : [01:23:53]

That's the difference.

[01:23:53] : [01:23:56]

Even though people like totalk about mainstream media

[01:23:56] : [01:23:59]

as being the source ofa lot of the friction,

[01:23:59] : [01:24:01]

there is no such thing asmainstream media anymore.

[01:24:01] : [01:24:03]

You know, Fox is thebiggest cable news channel

[01:24:03] : [01:24:07]

with the biggest audience,

[01:24:07] : [01:24:09]

and they call everybodyelse mainstream media.

[01:24:09] : [01:24:12]

You know, it's insanethe things that we accept

[01:24:12] : [01:24:14]

from our sources of information.

[01:24:14] : [01:24:16]

To me, that's the bigger problem.

[01:24:16] : [01:24:18]

The bigger problem is trying to figure out

[01:24:18] : [01:24:21]

what is free speech

[01:24:21] : [01:24:22]

and what is the line oftolerance for free speech,

[01:24:22] : [01:24:25]

and at what point does hateful free speech

[01:24:25] : [01:24:28]

crowd out other people, right?

[01:24:28] : [01:24:30]

Putin's the master of that.

[01:24:30] : [01:24:32]

You're going to jailor you're gonna be dead

[01:24:32] : [01:24:34]

if you disagree, right?

[01:24:34] : [01:24:35]

No, God, help us if we everget to that point here.

[01:24:35] : [01:24:38]

But the person who controls the algorithm

[01:24:38] : [01:24:41]

controls the world, right?

[01:24:41] : [01:24:44]

And if you are committedto one specific platform

[01:24:44] : [01:24:48]

as your singular source of information,

[01:24:48] : [01:24:51]

or affiliated platforms,

[01:24:51] : [01:24:53]

then whoever controls thealgorithm or the programming there

[01:24:53] : [01:24:56]

controls you in a lot of respects.

[01:24:56] : [01:24:59]

And I think that's where ourbiggest problem has been.

[01:24:59] : [01:25:01]

We get people attached to

[01:25:01] : [01:25:03]

specific platforms andapps and media outlets,

[01:25:03] : [01:25:08]

and they become part of that team,

[01:25:08] : [01:25:11]

and they identify as such.

[01:25:11] : [01:25:14]

And either you're part ofthe team or you're not.

[01:25:14] : [01:25:16]

And that to me is the fundamental problem.

[01:25:16] : [01:25:18]

It's not woke ideology,

[01:25:18] : [01:25:20]

because I never felt anypressure to make the choices

[01:25:20] : [01:25:23]

that I've chosen in, you know,

[01:25:23] : [01:25:25]

including diversity,equity, and inclusion.

[01:25:25] : [01:25:28]

And I've never forced anybodyor told anybody to do it.

[01:25:28] : [01:25:32]

I've just said, here's my experiences.

[01:25:32] : [01:25:33]

Whenever I've talked to people

[01:25:33] : [01:25:34]

who talk about the wokeideology, no one ever got forced.

[01:25:34] : [01:25:37]

I mean, if you look atDylan McDermott, right?

[01:25:37] : [01:25:41]

If there was a way to gauge

[01:25:41] : [01:25:42]

the number of impressionsthat she had, right?

[01:25:42] : [01:25:46]

And where they sourced from,

[01:25:46] : [01:25:48]

I'd be willing to bet any amount of money

[01:25:48] : [01:25:50]

that 90% plus of the impressions

[01:25:50] : [01:25:52]

and discussions of Dylan McDermott

[01:25:52] : [01:25:54]

were on right-leaning media.

[01:25:54] : [01:25:57]

- Several things actually,well let's even go there.

[01:25:57] : [01:25:59]

You gotten a bit of abeef with, again, fun,

[01:25:59] : [01:26:02]

with Jordan Peterson about this.

[01:26:02] : [01:26:04]

- That's the guy whose nameI couldn't think of, yeah.

[01:26:04] : [01:26:05]

- So the topic there wasthe gender transition

[01:26:05] : [01:26:08]

and Dylan Mulvaney,

[01:26:08] : [01:26:10]

can you explain the nature of the beef?

[01:26:10] : [01:26:12]

I mean it's an interestingclaim you're making

[01:26:12] : [01:26:14]

that most of the people

[01:26:14] : [01:26:17]

who are concerned aboutthis are conservatives.

[01:26:17] : [01:26:20]

- Yeah, just the point is thatif you looked at impressions,

[01:26:20] : [01:26:24]

like when you run an ad,

[01:26:24] : [01:26:25]

you're curious about impressionsand who sees them, right?

[01:26:25] : [01:26:28]

But if you look at the impressions

[01:26:28] : [01:26:29]

related to Dylan McDermott,I would, like I just said,

[01:26:29] : [01:26:34]

I bet 90% or more werein conservative media,

[01:26:34] : [01:26:37]

and you know, I don't knowhow many followers she had,

[01:26:37] : [01:26:41]

250,000 followers or whatever

[01:26:41] : [01:26:42]

when the Bud Light ad came out.

[01:26:42] : [01:26:44]

And if it weren't for KidRock shooting, you know,

[01:26:44] : [01:26:47]

gun shooting at DylanMcDermott Bud Light cans,

[01:26:47] : [01:26:50]

she'd be long forgotten.

[01:26:50] : [01:26:53]

- Yeah, but most of the peoplethat care about censorship

[01:26:53] : [01:26:56]

are gonna be free speech advocates.

[01:26:56] : [01:26:57]

So like most people that careabout Putin suppressing speech

[01:26:57] : [01:27:02]

or anybody else suppressing speech

[01:27:02] : [01:27:03]

are going to be like libertarian.

[01:27:03] : [01:27:05]

So I get there's probablyan explanation of that.

[01:27:05] : [01:27:08]

The criticism that JordanPeterson could provide,

[01:27:08] : [01:27:12]

I guess he said thatDylan Mulvaney popularized

[01:27:12] : [01:27:17]

the kind of mutilation, right,in his view, that can affect,

[01:27:17] : [01:27:22]

there's a very seriouslife changing process

[01:27:22] : [01:27:26]

that a person goes through.

[01:27:26] : [01:27:27]

And when that's applied to a child,

[01:27:27] : [01:27:30]

it can do a lot of harm to a person if.

[01:27:30] : [01:27:32]

- But my point still holds.

[01:27:32] : [01:27:34]

I don't know how many kids were following.

[01:27:34] : [01:27:36]

And you can look at the followers list,

[01:27:36] : [01:27:38]

it's not like it's hidden, right.

[01:27:38] : [01:27:39]

Back then, if they had 250,000 followers,

[01:27:39] : [01:27:41]

and now we're on TikTok, you know,

[01:27:41] : [01:27:44]

where he might get 50 somethousand views or likes, right?

[01:27:44] : [01:27:48]

I don't know how many views but likes.

[01:27:48] : [01:27:49]

I've never seen any evidence

[01:27:49] : [01:27:52]

that Dylan McDermott influenced the people

[01:27:52] : [01:27:56]

to transition their gender.

[01:27:56] : [01:27:58]

As he transitioned to her,

[01:27:58] : [01:28:00]

it was documented on TikTokover the course of a year.

[01:28:00] : [01:28:03]

And again, when you go back

[01:28:03] : [01:28:05]

and look at the views on thoseTikToks, it was, you know,

[01:28:05] : [01:28:10]

it wasn't like enormous.

[01:28:10] : [01:28:13]

- Yeah, but the trends start, right?

[01:28:13] : [01:28:16]

It could be what worriespeople is for young kids,

[01:28:16] : [01:28:21]

there to be a trend of,

[01:28:21] : [01:28:24]

especially when you feel like an outsider,

[01:28:24] : [01:28:26]

you feel not yourself, less than yourself,

[01:28:26] : [01:28:28]

all this kind of stuffthat kids feel like,

[01:28:28] : [01:28:31]

that if it's because popularenough it is a trend,

[01:28:31] : [01:28:35]

you would gender transitionwithout meaning to do that.

[01:28:35] : [01:28:40]

It's just part of a trend.That's the worry they have.

[01:28:40] : [01:28:44]

- Yeah. But that is a big stretch, right?

[01:28:44] : [01:28:45]

To think that all thethings that have to happen

[01:28:45] : [01:28:49]

before you transition gender, right.

[01:28:49] : [01:28:52]

And I'm not saying kidsmight identify, you know,

[01:28:52] : [01:28:56]

find it cool or, you know,in the moment expedient,

[01:28:56] : [01:29:00]

if you will, to dressup as the other gender.

[01:29:00] : [01:29:03]

Great. Who cares, right?

[01:29:03] : [01:29:05]

But to go through theactual physical transition,

[01:29:05] : [01:29:08]

like I don't remember whatthe numbers were that I read,

[01:29:08] : [01:29:11]

but I do remember that thelatest numbers that came out

[01:29:11] : [01:29:14]

in terms of transitioningwere from "JAMA,"

[01:29:14] : [01:29:17]

which is a medical association that said

[01:29:17] : [01:29:20]

from 2021 to 2022, the numbers went down.

[01:29:20] : [01:29:27]

But the bigger point isthere are no numbers for 2023

[01:29:27] : [01:29:30]

when post-Dylan McDermott.

[01:29:30] : [01:29:32]

So there's no way to knowif the assertion is true,

[01:29:32] : [01:29:36]

even marginally true.

[01:29:36] : [01:29:37]

Now you can easily suggest it, right?

[01:29:37] : [01:29:41]

But you can say that

[01:29:41] : [01:29:42]

about any social media influencer, right?

[01:29:42] : [01:29:44]

You know, kids are dyingbecause, you know, I mean,

[01:29:44] : [01:29:49]

it's just like whenpeople like accuse Trump

[01:29:49] : [01:29:52]

of potentially influencingpeople to, you know,

[01:29:52] : [01:29:56]

inject bleach into theirveins, you can't, you know,

[01:29:56] : [01:30:00]

that's a big old leap to say that

[01:30:00] : [01:30:02]

because you know, Trump says it

[01:30:02] : [01:30:04]

that people are gonnastart, you know, injecting,

[01:30:04] : [01:30:06]

and then they findsomebody who actually did,

[01:30:06] : [01:30:08]

and it's like, oh, it must be true.

[01:30:08] : [01:30:10]

You know, this is a trend now.

[01:30:10] : [01:30:12]

I just, I'm just not buying it

[01:30:12] : [01:30:14]

that there aren't enoughroadblocks in the way.

[01:30:14] : [01:30:18]

Now I'm not saying itnever happens, right?

[01:30:18] : [01:30:21]

And for me, to me, you shouldhave to wait until you're 18

[01:30:21] : [01:30:25]

to actually have anysurgery to transition.

[01:30:25] : [01:30:27]

And if your parents approve it earlier,

[01:30:27] : [01:30:31]

then you can have aconversation with your doctor.

[01:30:31] : [01:30:33]

But you're suggesting thateverybody in that process

[01:30:33] : [01:30:38]

to go to transition a minor, is corrupt.

[01:30:38] : [01:30:42]

That the doctor, thesociologist, the psychologist,

[01:30:42] : [01:30:45]

all the people involved,

[01:30:45] : [01:30:47]

the hospital where thesurgery is happening,

[01:30:47] : [01:30:49]

the insurance companythat's paying for it,

[01:30:49] : [01:30:52]

they all have beencorrupted by this trend.

[01:30:52] : [01:30:54]

I just don't see that.

[01:30:54] : [01:30:55]

- Well, not corrupted,but you know, people,

[01:30:55] : [01:30:57]

it's back to the DEI thing,there could be pressure,

[01:30:57] : [01:31:02]

and we are.

[01:31:02] : [01:31:03]

- Pressure to operate.

[01:31:03] : [01:31:04]

So think about all the peoplewho have to be complicit.

[01:31:04] : [01:31:06]

To do an operation.

[01:31:06] : [01:31:07]

- It's not complicit likeevil complicit, it's more.

[01:31:07] : [01:31:10]

- No, it is evil complicit, right?

[01:31:10] : [01:31:11]

Because somebody, in hospitals right now,

[01:31:11] : [01:31:15]

they won't perform abortionsbecause of state law.

[01:31:15] : [01:31:18]

In Alabama, they stoppedIVF treatment immediately

[01:31:18] : [01:31:22]

after that ruling by thatjudge, right, the Qanon judge.

[01:31:22] : [01:31:27]

To think that they'renot gonna pay attention

[01:31:27] : [01:31:30]

to the possible consequences

[01:31:30] : [01:31:32]

of being the hospitalthat does transgender,

[01:31:32] : [01:31:35]

that gives doctors operating rights there,

[01:31:35] : [01:31:38]

and not be aware of therisks associated with it

[01:31:38] : [01:31:41]

and double check?

[01:31:41] : [01:31:42]

To me, that's just insane.

[01:31:42] : [01:31:44]

They're risking their entirebusiness and livelihood

[01:31:44] : [01:31:46]

and personal relationships

[01:31:46] : [01:31:48]

for not checking that this14-year-old, you know,

[01:31:48] : [01:31:52]

boy who wants to be a girl or vice versa,

[01:31:52] : [01:31:54]

is there waiting for surgery,that I just don't see that.

[01:31:54] : [01:31:58]

- In America, yes.

[01:31:58] : [01:32:00]

But if we look at humans ingeneral, and Jordan Peterson,

[01:32:00] : [01:32:04]

I think unjustly, incorrectly,brought up Auschwitz.

[01:32:04] : [01:32:08]

- Yeah, that was ridiculous.

[01:32:08] : [01:32:10]

- But if we look, to me,

[01:32:10] : [01:32:14]

World War II is a very interesting time.

[01:32:14] : [01:32:16]

It does reveal a lot about human nature,

[01:32:16] : [01:32:19]

and that humans are ableto commit atrocities

[01:32:19] : [01:32:22]

without really speaking up.

[01:32:22] : [01:32:24]

The point I wanna make is thatwhen you're in this situation

[01:32:24] : [01:32:28]

where everybody is around you,is committing an atrocity,

[01:32:28] : [01:32:33]

you can be sort of the good German and.

[01:32:33] : [01:32:37]

- [Mark] Yeah, but.

[01:32:37] : [01:32:38]

- I mean, human nature is such

[01:32:38] : [01:32:39]

that you can do all these things.

[01:32:39] : [01:32:41]

- But that is in a time of war.

[01:32:41] : [01:32:43]

- Yeah, but it's still human nature.

[01:32:43] : [01:32:46]

It's interesting to a remember that's.

[01:32:46] : [01:32:48]

- It's a time of war.

[01:32:48] : [01:32:50]

When you feel like there'snationalism, patriotism,

[01:32:50] : [01:32:52]

everything that comes up.

[01:32:52] : [01:32:53]

Russia, right. You know.

[01:32:53] : [01:32:55]

The moms of the kids sent to be, you know,

[01:32:55] : [01:32:57]

sent to Ukraine who didn'tcome back, in Russia,

[01:32:57] : [01:33:00]

feel certainly different than

[01:33:00] : [01:33:01]

the everyday Russian who'sjust taking, you know,

[01:33:01] : [01:33:04]

whatever information that's available

[01:33:04] : [01:33:06]

from a unified controlled media.

[01:33:06] : [01:33:07]

- Yeah, but, you know, weshould remember human nature.

[01:33:07] : [01:33:11]

It's interesting.

[01:33:11] : [01:33:12]

- I'm not dismissing human nature at all,

[01:33:12] : [01:33:13]

but there's a difference,I think that human nature,

[01:33:13] : [01:33:17]

self-preservationinfluences those decisions.

[01:33:17] : [01:33:20]

There's nothing aboutself-preservation involved in DEI,

[01:33:20] : [01:33:23]

wokeness, you know, transgenderism,

[01:33:23] : [01:33:26]

to compare it to aAuschwitz, that's insane.

[01:33:26] : [01:33:29]

- Yeah, tell thatcomparison is almost always,

[01:33:29] : [01:33:32]

probably always is insane.

[01:33:32] : [01:33:34]

Comparison betweenanything and the Holocaust.

[01:33:34] : [01:33:37]

- [Mark] I agree.

[01:33:37] : [01:33:38]

- I think there's a name for that rule,

[01:33:38] : [01:33:39]

but once you bring up Hitler,the conversation ends.

[01:33:39] : [01:33:42]

- [Mark] Goes away.

[01:33:42] : [01:33:43]

- I do appreciate you bringing up Trump

[01:33:43] : [01:33:44]

and bleach as an example.

[01:33:44] : [01:33:46]

So continuing on fun exchangesbetween you and Elon,

[01:33:46] : [01:33:50]

you said, "If they werehaving Biden's last wake

[01:33:50] : [01:33:54]

and it was him versus Trump,

[01:33:54] : [01:33:56]

and he was being given last rites,

[01:33:56] : [01:33:58]

I would still vote for Biden."

[01:33:58] : [01:34:00]

To which Elon replied caricaturing you.

[01:34:00] : [01:34:03]

"If Biden were a flesh eating zombie

[01:34:03] : [01:34:06]

with five seconds to live,or upon being reelected,

[01:34:06] : [01:34:10]

Earth would plunge into a1,000 years of darkness,

[01:34:10] : [01:34:13]

I would still vote for him."

[01:34:13] : [01:34:15]

That's basically quotingyou but a caricature.

[01:34:15] : [01:34:20]

And you responded "WhileI have your attention.

[01:34:20] : [01:34:24]

Wanted to say thank you.

[01:34:24] : [01:34:25]

Your consultants at Tesla followed up

[01:34:25] : [01:34:27]

about using Cost Plus Drugs,"

[01:34:27] : [01:34:30]

but which we'll talk about,"to save the company money.

[01:34:30] : [01:34:33]

Truly appreciate it."

[01:34:33] : [01:34:35]

And in parentheses, "My limitis 300 years of darkness."

[01:34:35] : [01:34:39]

Very well done, Mark.

[01:34:39] : [01:34:41]

What's your intuition

[01:34:41] : [01:34:42]

if we just stick on Bidenand Trump for a sec?

[01:34:42] : [01:34:45]

What's your intuition why Biden would make

[01:34:45] : [01:34:47]

a better president than Trump?

[01:34:47] : [01:34:48]

- Look at it at the basics, right?

[01:34:48] : [01:34:51]

If you look at the people he's hired,

[01:34:51] : [01:34:52]

there hasn't been any turnoverin his cabinet at all.

[01:34:52] : [01:34:58]

If you look at the people he's hired

[01:34:58] : [01:35:01]

over the course of his career,

[01:35:01] : [01:35:03]

or while he was vicepresident in particular,

[01:35:03] : [01:35:05]

there's nobody who's turned on him

[01:35:05] : [01:35:07]

and came out and written booksand made public statements

[01:35:07] : [01:35:10]

about how he's bad for the country.

[01:35:10] : [01:35:12]

Now, compare that to Trump.

[01:35:12] : [01:35:14]

The people closest to him,almost all of them turn,

[01:35:14] : [01:35:19]

unless there's a financialrelationship involved.

[01:35:19] : [01:35:23]

And to me that says everything.

[01:35:23] : [01:35:26]

- The dynamics of the teamis important to you when you.

[01:35:26] : [01:35:28]

- If you're gonna be the mostpowerful person in the world,

[01:35:28] : [01:35:30]

you better know how tomanage and lead, right.

[01:35:30] : [01:35:32]

And that's not to say Bidenhasn't made a a lot of mistakes.

[01:35:32] : [01:35:37]

I mean, immigration, theborder is a horrific mistake.

[01:35:37] : [01:35:41]

And hopefully he recognizes that.

[01:35:41] : [01:35:44]

And I don't like the fact thathe doesn't admit his mistakes

[01:35:44] : [01:35:46]

and just say, okay, I gotta fix it.

[01:35:46] : [01:35:48]

Or I made a mistake inAfghanistan, whatever it may be.

[01:35:48] : [01:35:51]

Right, the position of Commanderin Chief and President,

[01:35:51] : [01:35:56]

you're gonna make mistakes.

[01:35:56] : [01:35:58]

Then I look at the otherguy, never admits a mistake.

[01:35:58] : [01:36:02]

And the list is long.

[01:36:02] : [01:36:04]

- What do you think aboutthe immigration situation?

[01:36:04] : [01:36:06]

A lot of conservativesare using that sort of,

[01:36:06] : [01:36:10]

the theory is that thereason it's happening

[01:36:10] : [01:36:16]

is because they would beable to illegally vote.

[01:36:16] : [01:36:19]

- That's insane.

[01:36:19] : [01:36:20]

- [Lex] For Biden.

[01:36:20] : [01:36:22]

- Yeah, you can't be anillegal immigrant and vote.

[01:36:22] : [01:36:24]

And now in a lot of states,because of the conservatives,

[01:36:24] : [01:36:26]

they've passed laws saying youhave to show identification.

[01:36:26] : [01:36:29]

When I voted in Texas, you had to show,

[01:36:29] : [01:36:31]

you know, state identification.

[01:36:31] : [01:36:34]

They can't vote, you can'tregister as an illegal alien

[01:36:34] : [01:36:37]

that I'm aware of to vote.

[01:36:37] : [01:36:39]

- Yeah, but of course thatstory really worries me.

[01:36:39] : [01:36:42]

Enables or serves as a catalyst

[01:36:42] : [01:36:46]

for questioning thelegitimacy of an election.

[01:36:46] : [01:36:48]

- But I remember going to thedebate with Trump in 2016,

[01:36:48] : [01:36:53]

and he was debating Clinton,and one of the things he said

[01:36:53] : [01:36:56]

was, we don't even know if thiselection will be legitimate

[01:36:56] : [01:37:00]

if I lose.

[01:37:00] : [01:37:01]

This was in 2016 beforehe was even elected.

[01:37:01] : [01:37:04]

And that was where he wasgoing. That's just what he does.

[01:37:04] : [01:37:07]

He's never admitted a mistake.

[01:37:07] : [01:37:09]

The guy's failed a zillion times.

[01:37:09] : [01:37:11]

Most people say, okay,I learned from them.

[01:37:11] : [01:37:13]

You know, I read a book about Roy Cohn,

[01:37:13] : [01:37:16]

and, you know, Roy Cohn wasthe ultimate deny, deny, deny.

[01:37:16] : [01:37:19]

And that was one of Trump's mentors.

[01:37:19] : [01:37:21]

And you can see almosteverything of Roy Cohn ever did

[01:37:21] : [01:37:25]

in the same way that DonaldTrump approaches things.

[01:37:25] : [01:37:27]

- But given how drastic theimmigration situation is,

[01:37:27] : [01:37:30]

that story becomes more believable.

[01:37:30] : [01:37:33]

- Yeah, of course it does, right?

[01:37:33] : [01:37:34]

But the facts are still the facts, right.

[01:37:34] : [01:37:36]

And in red states, they'regonna be checking every ID,

[01:37:36] : [01:37:40]

they're gonna be makingsure that it's not the case.

[01:37:40] : [01:37:42]

And you know, you canalso make the argument,

[01:37:42] : [01:37:45]

well, in a blue state, it doesn't matter.

[01:37:45] : [01:37:46]

In the swing states, they'restill gonna be checking

[01:37:46] : [01:37:49]

'cause they know Trump isgonna sue the shit out of them

[01:37:49] : [01:37:51]

when he loses.

[01:37:51] : [01:37:52]

You know, and so again,that's where, you know,

[01:37:52] : [01:37:56]

people will take thoseself preservation steps

[01:37:56] : [01:37:59]

to keep their job and do the right thing.

[01:37:59] : [01:38:01]

There's still enough people whowill believe in this country

[01:38:01] : [01:38:04]

in how amazing it isto do the right thing.

[01:38:04] : [01:38:07]

And a lot of the premise

[01:38:07] : [01:38:08]

of what some conservativesare saying and doing,

[01:38:08] : [01:38:12]

the underpinning of it is

[01:38:12] : [01:38:13]

that their fellow citizenswill not do anything,

[01:38:13] : [01:38:17]

not some things, anything,

[01:38:17] : [01:38:19]

if that serves the bestinterests of this country.

[01:38:19] : [01:38:22]

And to me, that's just wrong.

[01:38:22] : [01:38:24]

You know, that is justmisleading and wrong.

[01:38:24] : [01:38:27]

- I just worry about, I don'tcare about Trump or Biden,

[01:38:27] : [01:38:30]

I care about democracy.

[01:38:30] : [01:38:33]

And I just worry, I worry aboutthe viral nature of the idea

[01:38:33] : [01:38:36]

of this illegal immigrants.

[01:38:36] : [01:38:38]

- But it's just, it'svery functional, right?

[01:38:38] : [01:38:41]

Either they get across, there'sa thousand different ways,

[01:38:41] : [01:38:45]

an unlimited number of ways

[01:38:45] : [01:38:47]

to enter the United Statesof America undetected, right.

[01:38:47] : [01:38:50]

And the south border, whereit's the easiest and the worst.

[01:38:50] : [01:38:53]

And Biden needs to takesteps to reduce that.

[01:38:53] : [01:38:55]

Remember when Biden was vice president

[01:38:55] : [01:38:57]

and Obama was president,

[01:38:57] : [01:38:59]

they called Obama the deporter in chief.

[01:38:59] : [01:39:02]

He had no problem deporting people.

[01:39:02] : [01:39:05]

And I think if I had to guess,and this is just a guess,

[01:39:05] : [01:39:08]

that when they looked at

[01:39:08] : [01:39:10]

the initial statistics forimmigration when Biden took over,

[01:39:10] : [01:39:13]

they thought there wasroom for more immigrants,

[01:39:13] : [01:39:16]

not because they wouldvote, but, you know,

[01:39:16] : [01:39:18]

you can make an a fiscal argument

[01:39:18] : [01:39:20]

that in a world where the birthrate is flat to declining,

[01:39:20] : [01:39:25]

we need immigrants, right.

[01:39:25] : [01:39:29]

And immigrants typically don't, you know,

[01:39:29] : [01:39:32]

don't have a higher crime rateor anything than, you know,

[01:39:32] : [01:39:36]

indigenous American citizens,

[01:39:36] : [01:39:37]

indigenous isn't the rightword, but American citizens.

[01:39:37] : [01:39:40]

And so they made a calculated mistake,

[01:39:40] : [01:39:44]

they made a decision that was wrong,

[01:39:44] : [01:39:45]

and now they have to fix it,

[01:39:45] : [01:39:47]

or it's gonna hurt them severely.

[01:39:47] : [01:39:48]

But I don't buy, you know,like what Elon's pushing

[01:39:48] : [01:39:51]

that the whole reason is they are voters

[01:39:51] : [01:39:55]

and will become voters.

[01:39:55] : [01:39:57]

- And we should say the obvious,

[01:39:57] : [01:40:00]

you're a descendant of immigrants.

[01:40:00] : [01:40:01]

- [Mark] Yeah, for sure.

[01:40:01] : [01:40:02]

- And the immigrants is whatmakes this country great

[01:40:02] : [01:40:05]

and many parts of thediversity of this nation.

[01:40:05] : [01:40:07]

And we should probably keep the people

[01:40:07] : [01:40:09]

that are like already beenin this country for a while

[01:40:09] : [01:40:12]

and are killing it, likePhD students and all this.

[01:40:12] : [01:40:15]

It's like we're just.

[01:40:15] : [01:40:17]

- That's not what DonaldTrump wants though.

[01:40:17] : [01:40:17]

He wants to ship them all out, right.

[01:40:17] : [01:40:20]

There's just a whole lot of hyperbole

[01:40:20] : [01:40:21]

when it comes to talking to all,

[01:40:21] : [01:40:23]

about talking about all of thesethings we're talking about,

[01:40:23] : [01:40:26]

when it's right versus left.

[01:40:26] : [01:40:28]

My team versus your team.My tribe versus your tribe.

[01:40:28] : [01:40:32]

The only way to stand out is hyperbole.

[01:40:32] : [01:40:34]

The hard part, and why Ilike this conversation is,

[01:40:34] : [01:40:37]

how do you distinguishhyperbole versus reality?

[01:40:37] : [01:40:40]

And I get where you'regoing, Lex, where it's like,

[01:40:40] : [01:40:43]

what the smallest spark sometimes

[01:40:43] : [01:40:48]

can cause people to change,

[01:40:48] : [01:40:50]

and then that spark becomes bigger

[01:40:50] : [01:40:52]

and it becomes more widespread,

[01:40:52] : [01:40:56]

and then all of a suddenyour country has changed.

[01:40:56] : [01:40:58]

It's not what you thought it was.

[01:40:58] : [01:41:00]

I get that completely, right.

[01:41:00] : [01:41:01]

And yes, you always have to beon top of that to make sure,

[01:41:01] : [01:41:05]

but a lot of that comes fromlack of leadership, right.

[01:41:05] : [01:41:08]

And lack of trust, becausethere's nobody who's saying,

[01:41:08] : [01:41:11]

all right, Republicans,

[01:41:11] : [01:41:13]

that's all hyperbole, andyou're wrong for that.

[01:41:13] : [01:41:15]

Democrats, you fucked upon immigration, right?

[01:41:15] : [01:41:18]

You fucked up in Afghanistan, right?

[01:41:18] : [01:41:21]

Here's where you madethese mistakes. Own it.

[01:41:21] : [01:41:23]

There's nobody who says, right,

[01:41:23] : [01:41:25]

we're not gonna just bring in Republicans

[01:41:25] : [01:41:28]

if the Republicans win.

[01:41:28] : [01:41:29]

And then, you know, and then nobody says,

[01:41:29] : [01:41:31]

we're not gonna just bring in Democrats.

[01:41:31] : [01:41:33]

We're gonna bring in a mix, right.

[01:41:33] : [01:41:34]

We're gonna try to getbalance on the Supreme Court.

[01:41:34] : [01:41:37]

There's just, there's noleadership that's doing it.

[01:41:37] : [01:41:39]

That's the fundamental problem.

[01:41:39] : [01:41:41]

It's not about the ideology of woke,

[01:41:41] : [01:41:42]

it's not the, no leadership.

[01:41:42] : [01:41:45]

- Yeah, leadership andyeah, there's, it's just,

[01:41:45] : [01:41:48]

whatever systems we've created,

[01:41:48] : [01:41:50]

it's really frustrating thatif you don't like Trump,

[01:41:50] : [01:41:54]

it really is Trump Derangement Syndrome.

[01:41:54] : [01:41:55]

Like he's definitely Hitler.

[01:41:55] : [01:41:58]

And if you don't like Biden,he's senile lizard person.

[01:41:58] : [01:42:01]

That's just. (laughs)

[01:42:01] : [01:42:04]

- Right, everybody gets labeled, right.

[01:42:04] : [01:42:05]

And because that works on social media.

[01:42:05] : [01:42:07]

Look, if Elon changed the algorithm

[01:42:07] : [01:42:11]

just by taking himself out of it.

[01:42:11] : [01:42:14]

Seriously, I'm notsaying don't post, right,

[01:42:14] : [01:42:16]

post all you want,

[01:42:16] : [01:42:18]

but you know, if youlook at his followers,

[01:42:18] : [01:42:20]

they're almost all right-leaning.

[01:42:20] : [01:42:24]

If you look at the peoplehe engages with positively,

[01:42:24] : [01:42:26]

they're almost all right-leaning.

[01:42:26] : [01:42:28]

And if you look at the people

[01:42:28] : [01:42:29]

he engages with negatively like me, right?

[01:42:29] : [01:42:32]

I consider myself an an independent,

[01:42:32] : [01:42:34]

but I lean left on the DEI topic, right?

[01:42:34] : [01:42:37]

That influences the algorithm.

[01:42:37] : [01:42:40]

And so you see what you seebecause of what he says.

[01:42:40] : [01:42:44]

- Yeah, well, I mean, for sure.

[01:42:44] : [01:42:46]

But there could be a lot ofinfluential people on Twitter

[01:42:46] : [01:42:51]

that influence the algorithmand all that kind of stuff.

[01:42:51] : [01:42:53]

I do feel it's not even aboutideology where you lean,

[01:42:53] : [01:42:57]

it's about like the algorithm,not prioritizing drama

[01:42:57] : [01:43:01]

be like the attention grabbing thing,

[01:43:01] : [01:43:06]

or the lower lizard version of that,

[01:43:06] : [01:43:09]

where like people just want the drama,

[01:43:09] : [01:43:11]

they want it to fight it out.

[01:43:11] : [01:43:13]

- When I last read through allthe stuff on their algorithm,

[01:43:13] : [01:43:16]

right, maybe it's changed,whoever has the biggest account

[01:43:16] : [01:43:20]

and gets engagement on that account

[01:43:20] : [01:43:23]

influences what people see the most.

[01:43:23] : [01:43:26]

- Yeah, I mean that's interesting.

[01:43:26] : [01:43:28]

I don't know if that's,to the degree that's true.

[01:43:28] : [01:43:30]

- [Mark] Pretty sure it's still the case.

[01:43:30] : [01:43:32]

- Pretty rigorous description

[01:43:32] : [01:43:33]

of the way the algorithm works.

[01:43:33] : [01:43:37]

It's actually kind of fascinating.

[01:43:37] : [01:43:38]

There's that clustering ofpeople based on interests.

[01:43:38] : [01:43:41]

- Right, but I think theycalled the nearest neighbor,

[01:43:41] : [01:43:43]

right, approach, and Ithink that's what they do.

[01:43:43] : [01:43:44]

And so whoever has the biggest account,

[01:43:44] : [01:43:47]

has the most neighbors, whoin turn have their neighbors

[01:43:47] : [01:43:49]

who in turn have their neighbors.

[01:43:49] : [01:43:50]

And that's how theydiscern what comes next.

[01:43:50] : [01:43:53]

- But there's a clustering still.

[01:43:53] : [01:43:54]

So like, if you don'tgive a shit about Elon.

[01:43:54] : [01:43:57]

- And you're not gonna not following them.

[01:43:57] : [01:43:58]

Yeah, you're not following.

[01:43:58] : [01:44:00]

- You're not gonna have an influence.

[01:44:00] : [01:44:01]

He's not gonna have an influence.

[01:44:01] : [01:44:02]

- When you get a break,

[01:44:02] : [01:44:03]

just create a burner account on Twitter,

[01:44:03] : [01:44:05]

and see who they recommend to you.

[01:44:05] : [01:44:07]

- [Lex] Elon.

[01:44:07] : [01:44:08]

- And not just Elon, I meanthe people that Elon likes.

[01:44:08] : [01:44:11]

And I'm saying that's notElon saying add this person,

[01:44:11] : [01:44:14]

add this person, and suggest this person,

[01:44:14] : [01:44:16]

this person, and this person.

[01:44:16] : [01:44:17]

I'm saying that's what the algorithm is.

[01:44:17] : [01:44:20]

- Yeah, there should betransparency around that for sure.

[01:44:20] : [01:44:21]

- [Mark] There is.

[01:44:21] : [01:44:23]

- That's the key.

[01:44:23] : [01:44:23]

- There is, and that'sthe whole point, right?

[01:44:23] : [01:44:24]

He knows there's transparency,and he knows the impact.

[01:44:24] : [01:44:26]

That's why when I say

[01:44:26] : [01:44:27]

take yourself outta the algorithm, right?

[01:44:27] : [01:44:29]

Don't include his account,

[01:44:29] : [01:44:31]

that changes, I think, theoutput of the algorithm.

[01:44:31] : [01:44:34]

- Well, when he wasn't owning Twitter,

[01:44:34] : [01:44:36]

he was one of the biggest accounts,

[01:44:36] : [01:44:38]

if not the biggest account already.

[01:44:38] : [01:44:39]

- It wasn't, but still,like, even like the Kim,

[01:44:39] : [01:44:42]

well, the Kim Kardashianaccounts, whatever, right?

[01:44:42] : [01:44:44]

It wasn't open source, toElon's credit, it is now.

[01:44:44] : [01:44:48]

So I couldn't see it to know, right.

[01:44:48] : [01:44:51]

So I didn't get the senseone way or the other

[01:44:51] : [01:44:52]

of one element beingdominant over the other.

[01:44:52] : [01:44:55]

But obviously conservativesfelt that left-leaning

[01:44:55] : [01:44:58]

was more dominant back then.

[01:44:58] : [01:45:00]

- Yeah. I would love tosee numbers on all of this.

[01:45:00] : [01:45:02]

- [Mark] Yeah, you be stoked.

[01:45:02] : [01:45:04]

- DEI, everything like this,

[01:45:04] : [01:45:06]

sometimes anecdotal datareally frustrates me.

[01:45:06] : [01:45:09]

It frustrates me primarilybecause of how sexy it is.

[01:45:09] : [01:45:13]

Like people just love.

[01:45:13] : [01:45:15]

- That's a great way to describe it.

[01:45:15] : [01:45:16]

- Love a story.

[01:45:16] : [01:45:16]

And I'm like, God dammit, thisis not science. This is this.

[01:45:16] : [01:45:20]

- It's not even common sense, you know?

[01:45:20] : [01:45:22]

- Well, no, I think anecdotal stories

[01:45:22] : [01:45:24]

often have a wisdom in them like.

[01:45:24] : [01:45:27]

- No doubt, right?

[01:45:27] : [01:45:28]

There's something to begained from seeing them.

[01:45:28] : [01:45:30]

- There's a signal there,

[01:45:30] : [01:45:31]

but like how representative is that signal

[01:45:31] : [01:45:34]

of the broader thing.

[01:45:34] : [01:45:35]

- Right, there's a wholelot more noise than signal

[01:45:35] : [01:45:36]

more often than not.

[01:45:36] : [01:45:37]

- All right, so as Imentioned, Cost Plus Drugs,

[01:45:37] : [01:45:41]

there's so many questions I can ask here,

[01:45:41] : [01:45:42]

but what's the big question?

[01:45:42] : [01:45:45]

What's broken about our healthcare system?

[01:45:45] : [01:45:47]

- There's no transparency.

[01:45:47] : [01:45:49]

And the lack of transparencyleads to lack of trust,

[01:45:49] : [01:45:52]

and when you can't trustthe healthcare system

[01:45:52] : [01:45:54]

other than maybe your doctor,that's a broken system.

[01:45:54] : [01:45:58]

- So what aspect of the system

[01:45:58] : [01:46:02]

that Cost Plus Drugs is trying to solve?

[01:46:02] : [01:46:04]

- So the thing we're tryingto solve for is trust.

[01:46:04] : [01:46:07]

And the way we feel we get there

[01:46:07] : [01:46:09]

is through complete transparency.

[01:46:09] : [01:46:11]

So when you go to costplusdrugs.com

[01:46:11] : [01:46:13]

and you put in the name of the medication,

[01:46:13] : [01:46:14]

if it's one of the 2,500and growing that we carry,

[01:46:14] : [01:46:17]

we will first show you our costs,

[01:46:17] : [01:46:20]

what we actually pay for it.

[01:46:20] : [01:46:21]

Then we'll show you our 15% markup.

[01:46:21] : [01:46:24]

Then we'll show the pharmacyfill fee and shipping.

[01:46:24] : [01:46:26]

And that's your total price.

[01:46:26] : [01:46:28]

And that alone, that transparency alone,

[01:46:28] : [01:46:31]

is completely revolutionizing

[01:46:31] : [01:46:34]

how drugs are priced in America today.

[01:46:34] : [01:46:37]

And it's led to, youknow, research being done

[01:46:37] : [01:46:41]

comparing our pricing to CMS,

[01:46:41] : [01:46:44]

and ours being cheaper, you know,

[01:46:44] : [01:46:47]

than even the government is negotiating,

[01:46:47] : [01:46:48]

et cetera, et cetera, et cetera.

[01:46:48] : [01:46:50]

And so just that transparencyalone had an impact,

[01:46:50] : [01:46:54]

and saved millions of people

[01:46:54] : [01:46:57]

hundreds of millions of dollars or more.

[01:46:57] : [01:46:59]

- And maybe it resultsin more transparency

[01:46:59] : [01:47:01]

in other parts of the system too.

[01:47:01] : [01:47:03]

Seeing the business of it.

[01:47:03] : [01:47:03]

But what do the so-calledmiddlemen companies.

[01:47:03] : [01:47:08]

So the PBMs.

[01:47:08] : [01:47:09]

- The pharmacy benefit managers.

[01:47:09] : [01:47:10]

- Thank you.

[01:47:10] : [01:47:12]

CVS, Caremark, Cigna's Express Scripts,

[01:47:12] : [01:47:15]

and United Health's Optum Rx.

[01:47:15] : [01:47:19]

They control majority of the market.

[01:47:19] : [01:47:21]

What do they do wrong?

[01:47:21] : [01:47:22]

- They put profits over everything, right?

[01:47:22] : [01:47:24]

And they know in an industrythat's completely opaque,

[01:47:24] : [01:47:29]

they can pretty much do what they want

[01:47:29] : [01:47:31]

and nobody gets to see whatthey're doing in detail.

[01:47:31] : [01:47:34]

And so, you know, the firstthing when you sign a contract

[01:47:34] : [01:47:39]

with one of those big PBMs

[01:47:39] : [01:47:41]

is says you can't disclose any of this.

[01:47:41] : [01:47:44]

And the fact that you can't be disclosed

[01:47:44] : [01:47:46]

means they could tell Lexuscompany that they're being,

[01:47:46] : [01:47:51]

you know, they're getting a great price

[01:47:51] : [01:47:53]

and they're only being charged x,

[01:47:53] : [01:47:55]

and they can tell Mark's company,

[01:47:55] : [01:47:57]

oh, you're getting a great price,

[01:47:57] : [01:47:58]

and we're charging Mark x plus, right?

[01:47:58] : [01:48:00]

But Mark doesn't know any better

[01:48:00] : [01:48:02]

'cause there's no way to know.

[01:48:02] : [01:48:03]

- The markup is not transparent.

[01:48:03] : [01:48:05]

- The cost isn't transparent,the markup isn't transparent,

[01:48:05] : [01:48:08]

you know, and, you know,there's different things.

[01:48:08] : [01:48:10]

You know, like I wasjust talking to a company

[01:48:10] : [01:48:12]

in a presentation a couple days ago,

[01:48:12] : [01:48:14]

and they took the step toleave the big three PBMs

[01:48:14] : [01:48:19]

to go to a rebate-freePBM that was smaller.

[01:48:19] : [01:48:21]

And what they said led to the decision,

[01:48:21] : [01:48:25]

they had a contract with the PBM

[01:48:25] : [01:48:26]

for these things called rebates, right?

[01:48:26] : [01:48:28]

Where depending on the volumeof medications you buy,

[01:48:28] : [01:48:31]

they'll kick back to youa percentage of them.

[01:48:31] : [01:48:34]

And as it turns out,

[01:48:34] : [01:48:35]

when they compared what was contracted for

[01:48:35] : [01:48:37]

to what they actually got,

[01:48:37] : [01:48:39]

they were getting underpaidevery single year.

[01:48:39] : [01:48:41]

They just don't care, right.

[01:48:41] : [01:48:44]

They'll take products, there'sa drug called Humira, right?

[01:48:44] : [01:48:47]

And it is the number onerevenue drug in the country.

[01:48:47] : [01:48:52]

And there's also a biosimilar,multiple biosimilars,

[01:48:52] : [01:48:55]

but one we carry called YUSIMRY.

[01:48:55] : [01:48:57]

And Humira, the pre-rebateprice is about $8,000 per month.

[01:48:57] : [01:49:02]

And after rebates, dependingon the size of the company,

[01:49:02] : [01:49:08]

it'll be anywhere from3 to $6,000 a month.

[01:49:08] : [01:49:11]

You can go to your doctor

[01:49:11] : [01:49:12]

to prescribe that biosimilarYUSIMRY, and you pay $594.

[01:49:12] : [01:49:16]

But those big three PBMs

[01:49:16] : [01:49:18]

won't allow their clients to get YUSIMRY

[01:49:18] : [01:49:23]

because they don't geta rebate on YUSIMRY.

[01:49:23] : [01:49:26]

So they'd rather keep adrug on their formulary,

[01:49:26] : [01:49:29]

even though their patients would save,

[01:49:29] : [01:49:32]

you know, their customerswould save a lot of money.

[01:49:32] : [01:49:34]

They'd rather keep adrug and exclude another

[01:49:34] : [01:49:37]

because they'll make a lot more money.

[01:49:37] : [01:49:39]

- So the CVS Caremark spokesperson,I think responded to you

[01:49:39] : [01:49:44]

Phil Blando, with the usual language

[01:49:44] : [01:49:49]

that so deeply exhausts me.

[01:49:49] : [01:49:51]

But I was wondering ifthere's any truth to it.

[01:49:51] : [01:49:55]

Employers, unions, healthplans and government programs

[01:49:55] : [01:49:58]

work with CVS Caremark

[01:49:58] : [01:50:00]

precisely because we deliver for them,

[01:50:00] : [01:50:03]

lower drug costs, better health outcomes,

[01:50:03] : [01:50:06]

and broad pharmacy access throughour true cost cost vantage

[01:50:06] : [01:50:11]

and choice formulary initiatives.

[01:50:11] : [01:50:14]

We are the leading agentof change, innovation,

[01:50:14] : [01:50:17]

and transparency in the market.

[01:50:17] : [01:50:18]

- That's a whole lot of nothing.

[01:50:18] : [01:50:20]

- So they are not transparent.

[01:50:20] : [01:50:22]

- No, no. Call them up.

[01:50:22] : [01:50:24]

You go to Cost Plus Drugs,we'll give you our price list

[01:50:24] : [01:50:27]

of all 2,500 plus drugs.

[01:50:27] : [01:50:29]

- [Lex] The actual cost.

[01:50:29] : [01:50:30]

- The actual cost, andwhat we sell it for.

[01:50:30] : [01:50:32]

'Cause it's just a plus 15%.

[01:50:32] : [01:50:34]

Call up any of the big three companies

[01:50:34] : [01:50:36]

and ask them for the same thing.

[01:50:36] : [01:50:37]

They're gonna laugh at you.

[01:50:37] : [01:50:38]

It's so bad in fact, if you dobusiness with them right now

[01:50:38] : [01:50:42]

and you just ask for your claims data,

[01:50:42] : [01:50:44]

meaning, you know, howmany people use Humira

[01:50:44] : [01:50:47]

that we're paying, andwhat are we paying for it?

[01:50:47] : [01:50:49]

They won't even give it to you

[01:50:49] : [01:50:50]

unless you really, reallyscream and yell at them.

[01:50:50] : [01:50:52]

And then they'll charge youand take six months to get it.

[01:50:52] : [01:50:55]

So like when we moved away from them,

[01:50:55] : [01:50:56]

we wanted to get what our claims data was

[01:50:56] : [01:50:58]

to understand what wewere gonna be facing.

[01:50:58] : [01:51:01]

They wouldn't give it to usuntil like six months later.

[01:51:01] : [01:51:04]

I forget the exact month.

[01:51:04] : [01:51:05]

And then they charged us forit as well. Our own data.

[01:51:05] : [01:51:08]

- On the CEO front, you said that CEOs

[01:51:08] : [01:51:11]

don't understand healthcare coverage

[01:51:11] : [01:51:13]

and it's costing them big.

[01:51:13] : [01:51:15]

What's the connection betweenCost Plus Drugs and companies?

[01:51:15] : [01:51:19]

- So I can speak for my own companies,

[01:51:19] : [01:51:21]

and this applies to allcompanies, you know,

[01:51:21] : [01:51:24]

bigger companies that self-insure,'cause we self-insured.

[01:51:24] : [01:51:27]

When I finally, when we started Cost Plus,

[01:51:27] : [01:51:30]

I finally said, okay, it'stime for me to understand

[01:51:30] : [01:51:32]

how I'm paying for my healthcare

[01:51:32] : [01:51:33]

for my employees and their families.

[01:51:33] : [01:51:35]

And the first thing I looked at

[01:51:35] : [01:51:37]

was a lot of these companies use

[01:51:37] : [01:51:38]

employee benefits consultants.

[01:51:38] : [01:51:40]

And turns out I was getting,

[01:51:40] : [01:51:42]

I was paying $30 per employee per month,

[01:51:42] : [01:51:46]

which was millions of dollars a year.

[01:51:46] : [01:51:48]

And they were just sendingus to the companies

[01:51:48] : [01:51:52]

that paid them the biggest commissions.

[01:51:52] : [01:51:54]

I'm like, how fucking dumb am I, right?

[01:51:54] : [01:51:57]

So I'm like, okay, we're cutting that.

[01:51:57] : [01:51:59]

And then I looked at ourmedication, our prescription deal

[01:51:59] : [01:52:04]

that goes through thePBMs that we were using,

[01:52:04] : [01:52:07]

and that the consultant connected us with.

[01:52:07] : [01:52:09]

And I took a list of, this wasearly on in Cost Plus Drugs,

[01:52:09] : [01:52:14]

a list of the generic drugs that we sold

[01:52:14] : [01:52:17]

that cost more than $30,

[01:52:17] : [01:52:18]

that the Mavericks alsohad purchased, right?

[01:52:18] : [01:52:20]

We were able to get that claims data.

[01:52:20] : [01:52:22]

And it turns out we spent$169,000 with that PBM,

[01:52:22] : [01:52:27]

one of the big three PBMs.

[01:52:27] : [01:52:29]

And it would've cost us buyingfrom Cost Plus Drugs $19,000.

[01:52:29] : [01:52:32]

And that's just a simple example.

[01:52:32] : [01:52:36]

Then I looked at the insuranceside of things, right?

[01:52:36] : [01:52:38]

We self-insure, so thereweren't premiums per se,

[01:52:38] : [01:52:41]

but we were getting charged$17.15 per employee per month

[01:52:41] : [01:52:45]

just to use the network thatthey put together for us,

[01:52:45] : [01:52:49]

you know, providers, hospitals, whatever.

[01:52:49] : [01:52:51]

And I'm like, all right,are there companies

[01:52:51] : [01:52:53]

that won't charge us to puttogether these networks?

[01:52:53] : [01:52:55]

Turns out there's a lot of them.

[01:52:55] : [01:52:56]

And that those insurancecompanies and those PBMs

[01:52:56] : [01:53:00]

are also responsible fordetermining what claims,

[01:53:00] : [01:53:04]

what to authorize and what to deny, right?

[01:53:04] : [01:53:09]

So for a drug, it may be, all right,

[01:53:09] : [01:53:12]

this is an expensive drug.

[01:53:12] : [01:53:13]

But before they'll allow,

[01:53:13] : [01:53:15]

before they'll saythey'll pay for the drug

[01:53:15] : [01:53:17]

that your doctor wantsto prescribe for you,

[01:53:17] : [01:53:19]

you have to try these three other drugs

[01:53:19] : [01:53:20]

in what's called step up therapy, right?

[01:53:20] : [01:53:22]

To see if these other cheaper drugs work,

[01:53:22] : [01:53:24]

or they're not even necessarily cheaper.

[01:53:24] : [01:53:26]

They may just be being pushed

[01:53:26] : [01:53:28]

because they're getting a higher rebate.

[01:53:28] : [01:53:31]

And so I'm like, that's insane.

[01:53:31] : [01:53:33]

I want my employees to get the medication

[01:53:33] : [01:53:36]

that the doctors say is best.

[01:53:36] : [01:53:39]

And so I didn't realizethose were the intricacies

[01:53:39] : [01:53:42]

of how my health or wheremy healthcare dollars went.

[01:53:42] : [01:53:46]

There's not a single CEO who does.

[01:53:46] : [01:53:48]

Because that's not a corecompetency that they need.

[01:53:48] : [01:53:51]

And the CFOs, that's nottheir core competency.

[01:53:51] : [01:53:53]

And the HR people, they contribute

[01:53:53] : [01:53:56]

and they understand it some

[01:53:56] : [01:53:58]

because they're dealing with the claims,

[01:53:58] : [01:53:59]

but they spend most of theirprescription drug-related time

[01:53:59] : [01:54:02]

or healthcare-related times

[01:54:02] : [01:54:03]

trying to get preauthorizations approved.

[01:54:03] : [01:54:06]

So you know, your kid breakstheir arm or you get sick,

[01:54:06] : [01:54:10]

and you go to the doctor,

[01:54:10] : [01:54:11]

and before the doctor willdo a surgery or do whatever,

[01:54:11] : [01:54:15]

they have to go to the insurancecompany, get preauthorized.

[01:54:15] : [01:54:18]

and then they always say no, right?

[01:54:18] : [01:54:20]

And then you have to go back

[01:54:20] : [01:54:22]

and somebody has to argue for you.

[01:54:22] : [01:54:23]

And that just eats up employee time

[01:54:23] : [01:54:24]

because you know, I'msick or my kid's sick

[01:54:24] : [01:54:27]

and you're wasting mytime, eats up HR time.

[01:54:27] : [01:54:29]

The CEOs don't know any of this, right?

[01:54:29] : [01:54:31]

So what I'm saying is, one,the smartest thing to do

[01:54:31] : [01:54:34]

is to get a healthcareCEO at every company

[01:54:34] : [01:54:36]

with over let's say, 500 employees,

[01:54:36] : [01:54:38]

that focuses on all these things.

[01:54:38] : [01:54:40]

You'd save a shitload of money.

[01:54:40] : [01:54:42]

And two, health careis your second largest

[01:54:42] : [01:54:45]

line item expense after payroll.

[01:54:45] : [01:54:48]

And in some companies there's hundreds,

[01:54:48] : [01:54:50]

billions of dollars, right?

[01:54:50] : [01:54:52]

And you don't understand it,

[01:54:52] : [01:54:53]

and you're letting these guys rip you off?

[01:54:53] : [01:54:55]

And it's because these bigCEOs don't understand it

[01:54:55] : [01:54:59]

and are getting ripped off

[01:54:59] : [01:55:00]

that the industry is the way it is,

[01:55:00] : [01:55:03]

because that allows theopacity to continue.

[01:55:03] : [01:55:07]

- That's fascinating.

[01:55:07] : [01:55:08]

So that most companies outsource, offload,

[01:55:08] : [01:55:13]

sort of the expertiseon the healthcare side

[01:55:13] : [01:55:17]

when they really should be,internally there should be

[01:55:17] : [01:55:18]

an expert that.

[01:55:18] : [01:55:20]

- Yes, because it's thewellness of your employees

[01:55:20] : [01:55:21]

and their families.

[01:55:21] : [01:55:22]

- [Lex] And it costs a lot of money.

[01:55:22] : [01:55:24]

- Yeah, but if youremployees aren't healthy

[01:55:24] : [01:55:25]

or if they're worried about their kids,

[01:55:25] : [01:55:27]

and what is more worrisome and detrimental

[01:55:27] : [01:55:30]

to the performance of a company, right?

[01:55:30] : [01:55:34]

A DEI program, or, (laughs)

[01:55:34] : [01:55:37]

or having to go to HR andscream and yell and explain,

[01:55:37] : [01:55:41]

and your doctor wastingtheir time doing same thing

[01:55:41] : [01:55:44]

to get authorization fora surgery or a medication.

[01:55:44] : [01:55:48]

It's insane.

[01:55:48] : [01:55:48]

- What made you decide

[01:55:48] : [01:55:50]

to step into this cartel-like situation

[01:55:50] : [01:55:54]

where so much is opaque?

[01:55:54] : [01:55:56]

- So I got a cold emailfrom a Dr. Alex Oshmyansky

[01:55:56] : [01:55:59]

who's my co-founder.

[01:55:59] : [01:56:00]

He's a radiologist bytrade, and a physicist,

[01:56:00] : [01:56:02]

and a smart motherfucker.

[01:56:02] : [01:56:04]

And he had a pharmacythat he wanted to create,

[01:56:04] : [01:56:07]

a compounding pharmacy, thatwould manufacture generic drugs

[01:56:07] : [01:56:10]

that were in short supply.

[01:56:10] : [01:56:11]

Because it happens all the time

[01:56:11] : [01:56:13]

that things aren't available.

[01:56:13] : [01:56:15]

I'm like, you're thinking too small,

[01:56:15] : [01:56:16]

we should do somethingon a much bigger scale.

[01:56:16] : [01:56:19]

And then it was right around the time

[01:56:19] : [01:56:20]

they were sending the pharmacybro, Martin Shkreli to jail.

[01:56:20] : [01:56:23]

And so I was reading up on that,

[01:56:23] : [01:56:25]

and he increased the priceof this drug Daraprim,

[01:56:25] : [01:56:29]

I think it was like 7,500%,

[01:56:29] : [01:56:30]

or increased a low cost drugto $7,500, one of those.

[01:56:30] : [01:56:34]

And I'm like,

[01:56:34] : [01:56:35]

well if he can just jackup the price to this drug

[01:56:35] : [01:56:37]

and charge more and get away with it,

[01:56:37] : [01:56:39]

this has to be an incrediblyinefficient market.

[01:56:39] : [01:56:41]

And so the question is,why is he able to do it?

[01:56:41] : [01:56:45]

And it was immediately apparent

[01:56:45] : [01:56:47]

that it was a lack of transparency.

[01:56:47] : [01:56:49]

And so can we start a company

[01:56:49] : [01:56:50]

that is fully transparent with our costs,

[01:56:50] : [01:56:53]

our markup, and our sellingprice, and see if it works?

[01:56:53] : [01:56:57]

And so we went for it andit took off immediately.

[01:56:57] : [01:56:59]

I mean, you know,

[01:56:59] : [01:57:01]

you read a press release froma company saying, you know,

[01:57:01] : [01:57:03]

they were creating acost advantage program

[01:57:03] : [01:57:05]

basically pretending to replicate us.

[01:57:05] : [01:57:08]

We haven't been in businesstwo years. How insane is that?

[01:57:08] : [01:57:13]

- Did you get a lot of pressure to mean,

[01:57:13] : [01:57:14]

I'm sure they're verygood at playing games.

[01:57:14] : [01:57:16]

Like so cartel-typesituations they protect.

[01:57:16] : [01:57:20]

It feels like healthcare like

[01:57:20] : [01:57:21]

is very difficult to get in there.

[01:57:21] : [01:57:23]

- It very, yeah, it does.

[01:57:23] : [01:57:25]

I mean, and the wholeindustry is an arbitrage,

[01:57:25] : [01:57:26]

but we don't work inside the system,

[01:57:26] : [01:57:27]

we work outside the system.

[01:57:27] : [01:57:29]

And so we don't work withthose biggest companies.

[01:57:29] : [01:57:31]

The biggest companies withthe most dominant control,

[01:57:31] : [01:57:33]

you know, it's very insulatedand very controlled,

[01:57:33] : [01:57:35]

like you said.

[01:57:35] : [01:57:36]

We work outside them,we won't work with them.

[01:57:36] : [01:57:39]

And so because of that,

[01:57:39] : [01:57:40]

we don't have access to every medication

[01:57:40] : [01:57:42]

because they've told a lot ofthe big brand manufacturers

[01:57:42] : [01:57:46]

that if they work with us,

[01:57:46] : [01:57:47]

they'll take them off their formularies

[01:57:47] : [01:57:49]

or change the rebate structure

[01:57:49] : [01:57:51]

so that they won't be prescribed as much.

[01:57:51] : [01:57:52]

- That's dark.

[01:57:52] : [01:57:53]

- Yeah, it is dark. Butwe'll get past that, right?

[01:57:53] : [01:57:55]

Because there's a downstream impact

[01:57:55] : [01:57:57]

of all this in the rebates,

[01:57:57] : [01:57:58]

and the greediness ofthose big three PBMs.

[01:57:58] : [01:58:02]

When you go to a localpharmacy here in Austin, right?

[01:58:02] : [01:58:05]

And let's just say you have,you have a friend here, right,

[01:58:05] : [01:58:09]

that is on Medicare or Medicare Advantage,

[01:58:09] : [01:58:11]

and they go to a local pharmacy

[01:58:11] : [01:58:13]

and they get a drug that costs $600.

[01:58:13] : [01:58:16]

Well, in the insurance company, that $600,

[01:58:16] : [01:58:20]

the pharmacy first buys that drug

[01:58:20] : [01:58:22]

for probably that price minus 5%, so $570.

[01:58:22] : [01:58:26]

Then there's probablya copay by the patient,

[01:58:26] : [01:58:29]

and that's probably $20.

[01:58:29] : [01:58:30]

So now the net investmentthat the pharmacy,

[01:58:30] : [01:58:33]

the local pharmacy has forthat brand medication is $550.

[01:58:33] : [01:58:38]

Where it gets really fuckedup is those big three PBMs,

[01:58:38] : [01:58:44]

they're not reimbursing them $550 or more,

[01:58:44] : [01:58:49]

they're reimbursing them $500 or less.

[01:58:49] : [01:58:53]

And literally those community pharmacies

[01:58:53] : [01:58:56]

are eating that loss.

[01:58:56] : [01:58:58]

And as a result,

[01:58:58] : [01:59:00]

they're going outtabusiness left and right.

[01:59:00] : [01:59:01]

And the most insane part of it is, yes,

[01:59:01] : [01:59:04]

with corporate employerinsurance, that happens,

[01:59:04] : [01:59:08]

but it happens more with Medicare Part D

[01:59:08] : [01:59:10]

and Medicare Advantage.

[01:59:10] : [01:59:11]

It happens all the time with those,

[01:59:11] : [01:59:14]

almost with every script.

[01:59:14] : [01:59:14]

So the government is complicit

[01:59:14] : [01:59:17]

in these community pharmaciesgoing out of business.

[01:59:17] : [01:59:20]

So how does that connectto Cost Plus Drugs?

[01:59:20] : [01:59:23]

And what we're doing and the big brands.

[01:59:23] : [01:59:26]

The big brands know

[01:59:26] : [01:59:27]

that if all these communitypharmacies are going,

[01:59:27] : [01:59:30]

tens of thousands of themare gonna go out of business

[01:59:30] : [01:59:32]

because of the way this pricing is,

[01:59:32] : [01:59:34]

they're gonna lose a connection

[01:59:34] : [01:59:36]

between their brand medications

[01:59:36] : [01:59:38]

and grandma and grandpa and Aunt Sally,

[01:59:38] : [01:59:41]

and all that business

[01:59:41] : [01:59:42]

is gonna get transferredto the big companies,

[01:59:42] : [01:59:44]

and they're gonna have even less leverage.

[01:59:44] : [01:59:46]

So they're working with usto come up with programs

[01:59:46] : [01:59:49]

that are very supportiveof independent pharmacies,

[01:59:49] : [01:59:52]

and that's gonna allowus to break the cartel.

[01:59:52] : [01:59:55]

Because it's in their best interest

[01:59:55] : [01:59:56]

not to allow them to beso vertically integrated

[01:59:56] : [01:59:59]

that they destroy the entire community

[01:59:59] : [02:00:01]

and independent pharmacy industry.

[02:00:01] : [02:00:03]

- Is there other aspectsof the healthcare industry

[02:00:03] : [02:00:05]

that could use this kind of

[02:00:05] : [02:00:08]

transparency and revolutionizing?

[02:00:08] : [02:00:10]

- Yeah, so what we're gonna do

[02:00:10] : [02:00:12]

with our own healthcare, right?

[02:00:12] : [02:00:14]

We're not gonna be in thebusiness of selling healthcare

[02:00:14] : [02:00:16]

or anything like that or operate.

[02:00:16] : [02:00:17]

But the things we do for my companies,

[02:00:17] : [02:00:20]

we're only gonna do deals with providers,

[02:00:20] : [02:00:23]

healthcare providers,

[02:00:23] : [02:00:24]

that allow us to becompletely transparent.

[02:00:24] : [02:00:27]

So that whatever contracts wedo, we're gonna post them all,

[02:00:27] : [02:00:29]

whatever pricing we get,we're gonna post them all

[02:00:29] : [02:00:31]

so that every company who'sour size or even bigger

[02:00:31] : [02:00:35]

will have a templatethat they can work on,

[02:00:35] : [02:00:37]

which will take it away from

[02:00:37] : [02:00:40]

the big three insurancecompanies and the big three PBMs.

[02:00:40] : [02:00:44]

Because now without that transparency,

[02:00:44] : [02:00:46]

they have to use consultants

[02:00:46] : [02:00:47]

who are getting paid by those big three,

[02:00:47] : [02:00:49]

you know, those big companies,

[02:00:49] : [02:00:50]

and aren't giving them the best response.

[02:00:50] : [02:00:54]

And so now that transparencywill overcome that.

[02:00:54] : [02:00:56]

- And you're using your,how should I say it?

[02:00:56] : [02:00:59]

Celebrity, your name, tokind of push this forward.

[02:00:59] : [02:01:03]

- It's the only companyI've ever put my name on.

[02:01:03] : [02:01:04]

- It's weird that peoplearen't getting into this space.

[02:01:04] : [02:01:06]

Like, public people, you know, like big,

[02:01:06] : [02:01:09]

there's not like a big,you know, you look at tech,

[02:01:09] : [02:01:12]

there's like these like, likeCEOs are open and public,

[02:01:12] : [02:01:17]

and public and they're pushing the company

[02:01:17] : [02:01:18]

and they're selling everything

[02:01:18] : [02:01:20]

and it's like all transparent.

[02:01:20] : [02:01:22]

But you don't see that in healthcare?

[02:01:22] : [02:01:25]

- No, because it's a big business,

[02:01:25] : [02:01:27]

and most people, like if I was25 trying to start a company,

[02:01:27] : [02:01:30]

I'd work in the system.

[02:01:30] : [02:01:31]

'Cause if I can build up bigenough, they would just buy me,

[02:01:31] : [02:01:34]

and I'd make, you know,money and buy a sports team.

[02:01:34] : [02:01:36]

But I don't need that money now.

[02:01:36] : [02:01:38]

- Let me ask you about AI,

[02:01:38] : [02:01:39]

you got in a little bit of anargument about open source.

[02:01:39] : [02:01:43]

I think you stepped inbetween Vinod Khosla

[02:01:43] : [02:01:46]

and Mark Andreessen.

[02:01:46] : [02:01:48]

You think AI should be open sourced?

[02:01:48] : [02:01:50]

- Yeah, for sure. Yeah.

[02:01:50] : [02:01:51]

- So like all thatdiscussion we've been having

[02:01:51] : [02:01:53]

about like Google and so on, one of the.

[02:01:53] : [02:01:55]

- Okay, two different things.

[02:01:55] : [02:01:56]

Meaning that Meta'sdoing open source, right?

[02:01:56] : [02:02:00]

And that's a good choice for them.

[02:02:00] : [02:02:01]

I think that's a smart choice, right?

[02:02:01] : [02:02:03]

But it's just a businessdecision for everybody else.

[02:02:03] : [02:02:05]

I don't think it should be forced.

[02:02:05] : [02:02:07]

- Forced, yes, yeah, right.

[02:02:07] : [02:02:09]

And even Google's open sourcingsome of the models and.

[02:02:09] : [02:02:12]

- Because they're all, that'sa very incestuous industry

[02:02:12] : [02:02:15]

where, you know, the people allwork together at some level.

[02:02:15] : [02:02:18]

They read the same papers, theygo to the same conferences.

[02:02:18] : [02:02:21]

You know, it's like the early days

[02:02:21] : [02:02:23]

of streaming and the internet

[02:02:23] : [02:02:24]

where people use the sametechnology everywhere,

[02:02:24] : [02:02:26]

and now they just try different things.

[02:02:26] : [02:02:29]

And you get one smarter or two,

[02:02:29] : [02:02:29]

a couple smart people in onecompany like Anthropic, right?

[02:02:29] : [02:02:33]

And they do things a littlebit better and efficient.

[02:02:33] : [02:02:35]

Model efficiency gets better.

[02:02:35] : [02:02:36]

So, you know, it's just a business choice.

[02:02:36] : [02:02:38]

But I don't think it should be forced,

[02:02:38] : [02:02:40]

but I think it's asmart business decision.

[02:02:40] : [02:02:42]

- Open sourcing is asmart business decision.

[02:02:42] : [02:02:44]

It's a tricky one.

[02:02:44] : [02:02:46]

I mean Google is a pioneer in that

[02:02:46] : [02:02:48]

with TensorFlow in the AI space.

[02:02:48] : [02:02:50]

That's a tricky decision to get.

[02:02:50] : [02:02:51]

- [Mark] It really, really is, right?

[02:02:51] : [02:02:53]

- To give away the code.

[02:02:53] : [02:02:54]

- Go back to historically, you know,

[02:02:54] : [02:02:56]

there was digital computing,which was a dominant player,

[02:02:56] : [02:02:58]

and they thought, andIBM to a certain extent

[02:02:58] : [02:03:02]

thought that they wouldn'tbe subject to a problem

[02:03:02] : [02:03:06]

with the PC industry.

[02:03:06] : [02:03:08]

And then all of a sudden,

[02:03:08] : [02:03:10]

and with their mainframes and everything,

[02:03:10] : [02:03:13]

they had captive software.

[02:03:13] : [02:03:14]

They wouldn't use off theshelf software, right?

[02:03:14] : [02:03:17]

So for a Digital Equipmentmainframe or an IBM mainframe,

[02:03:17] : [02:03:21]

you needed softwarethat was written for it.

[02:03:21] : [02:03:22]

There was nothing off the shelf.

[02:03:22] : [02:03:24]

And when the PC industry came along,

[02:03:24] : [02:03:26]

it was the exact opposite.

[02:03:26] : [02:03:27]

There was, you know,MSDOS and then Windows,

[02:03:27] : [02:03:30]

things that were off theshelf that every PC could use.

[02:03:30] : [02:03:32]

And that changed how peoplethought about software.

[02:03:32] : [02:03:35]

And I think the samething will happen here,

[02:03:35] : [02:03:36]

where it's going to be, asmodels become more efficient

[02:03:36] : [02:03:41]

and easier and less expensive to train,

[02:03:41] : [02:03:44]

I think there'll be morereasons to open source.

[02:03:44] : [02:03:49]

- Yeah, that's the hope.

[02:03:49] : [02:03:50]

And it creates more competition

[02:03:50] : [02:03:51]

and a lot of differentdiversity of approaches

[02:03:51] : [02:03:54]

in how they're implemented, deployed,

[02:03:54] : [02:03:57]

what kind of productsthey create, all of that.

[02:03:57] : [02:03:59]

Vinod compared it, the danger of that,

[02:03:59] : [02:04:02]

to the Manhattan Project that.

[02:04:02] : [02:04:04]

- Yeah, yeah. I'm not buying that.

[02:04:04] : [02:04:06]

- You don't see the parallels

[02:04:06] : [02:04:07]

between nuclear weapons and AI.

[02:04:07] : [02:04:08]

- No, no. I think, I'm notan AI fatalist at all, right.

[02:04:08] : [02:04:13]

I'm an AI optimist, but it's not to say

[02:04:13] : [02:04:18]

that there isn't a lot of scary shit

[02:04:18] : [02:04:19]

that can happen with it.

[02:04:19] : [02:04:20]

Militarily, you know, like I said earlier,

[02:04:20] : [02:04:25]

I'm a big believer thatthere's going to be millions

[02:04:25] : [02:04:27]

and tens of millions of models,

[02:04:27] : [02:04:30]

and people will take their expertise

[02:04:30] : [02:04:33]

and either get hiredfor it and contribute,

[02:04:33] : [02:04:37]

or create their own models and license.

[02:04:37] : [02:04:40]

So that, you know, yousee now with this thing

[02:04:40] : [02:04:43]

called mixture of experts, right?

[02:04:43] : [02:04:44]

Where you connect things.

[02:04:44] : [02:04:46]

And people can take their expertise

[02:04:46] : [02:04:50]

and we'll be able to take that expertise

[02:04:50] : [02:04:52]

and retain it in a way thatthey want to retain it.

[02:04:52] : [02:04:56]

So, you know, I don'tthink there's gonna be

[02:04:56] : [02:04:58]

one medical database.

[02:04:58] : [02:04:59]

I told this to people ata couple big companies

[02:04:59] : [02:05:01]

that were doing healthcare initiatives.

[02:05:01] : [02:05:04]

Branding is so importantin the healthcare space,

[02:05:04] : [02:05:08]

you know for hospitals,you know, the Mayo Clinics,

[02:05:08] : [02:05:11]

the MD Andersons, they're huge brands,

[02:05:11] : [02:05:13]

and I don't think they're justgonna give up their expertise

[02:05:13] : [02:05:16]

to some, you know,singular model, you know,

[02:05:16] : [02:05:20]

and say, okay, you know,whatever expertise we have

[02:05:20] : [02:05:23]

is available to you in Gemini or ChatGPT

[02:05:23] : [02:05:26]

or you know, so-and-so'sversion of Meta's opensource.

[02:05:26] : [02:05:30]

I just don't, there's just,that would be business suicide.

[02:05:30] : [02:05:33]

And so I think you'regonna see each of them

[02:05:33] : [02:05:36]

have their own models,

[02:05:36] : [02:05:37]

and update them as theygo and license them.

[02:05:37] : [02:05:40]

- Yeah, and yeah, makemoney from the expertise.

[02:05:40] : [02:05:43]

- You have to, you have to.- And don't the wages.

[02:05:43] : [02:05:44]

Yeah, yeah, yeah.

[02:05:44] : [02:05:46]

Any expertise evolves and growsand all that kind of stuff.

[02:05:46] : [02:05:48]

And you want own that growth.

[02:05:48] : [02:05:49]

What advice would yougive to young people?

[02:05:49] : [02:05:53]

You have an exceptionallysuccessful career.

[02:05:53] : [02:05:55]

You came from little, made a lot.

[02:05:55] : [02:05:57]

What advice would you give them?

[02:05:57] : [02:05:59]

- Love your life, right.

[02:05:59] : [02:06:01]

You know, find the things thatyou can enjoy. Be curious.

[02:06:01] : [02:06:04]

You don't have to have all theanswers when you're 12, 15,

[02:06:04] : [02:06:09]

I get emails from 13,15-year-old kids, right?

[02:06:09] : [02:06:12]

- [Lex] What do I do?

[02:06:12] : [02:06:13]

- What do I do? Right.

[02:06:13] : [02:06:14]

You know, I feel like I'm being held back.

[02:06:14] : [02:06:15]

I'm like at 15, you feellike you're being held back?

[02:06:15] : [02:06:19]

But just be curious.

[02:06:19] : [02:06:20]

'cause you don't have to have the answers.

[02:06:20] : [02:06:21]

You don't have to know

[02:06:21] : [02:06:23]

what you're gonna be when you grow up.

[02:06:23] : [02:06:24]

I'm a hardcore believerthat everybody has something

[02:06:24] : [02:06:29]

that they're really,really, really good at.

[02:06:29] : [02:06:32]

That could be world class great.

[02:06:32] : [02:06:33]

Every single human being on this planet.

[02:06:33] : [02:06:35]

And the hard part is justfinding what that is.

[02:06:35] : [02:06:38]

And in some places havingresources to enable it.

[02:06:38] : [02:06:41]

But be curious so youcan find out what it is.

[02:06:41] : [02:06:45]

I didn't take a technology.

[02:06:45] : [02:06:46]

I took one technology class in college,

[02:06:46] : [02:06:50]

Fortran programming, andI cheated on it, right?

[02:06:50] : [02:06:52]

I mean, it wasn't until Igot a job at Mellon Bank

[02:06:52] : [02:06:55]

and I started learning how to program

[02:06:55] : [02:06:57]

in this thing called RAMIS,

[02:06:57] : [02:06:58]

this scripting computinglanguage, that I realized, oh,

[02:06:58] : [02:07:01]

this is interesting to me and I like it.

[02:07:01] : [02:07:03]

And that's what got me, youknow, a job selling software

[02:07:03] : [02:07:05]

and the, you know, going on from there,

[02:07:05] : [02:07:08]

you just don't knowwhat that's going to be

[02:07:08] : [02:07:10]

until you go out andexperience different things.

[02:07:10] : [02:07:12]

So for anybody young out there listening,

[02:07:12] : [02:07:15]

you know, enjoy your life,find things to smile about.

[02:07:15] : [02:07:18]

Be curious, read, watch, you know,

[02:07:18] : [02:07:22]

expose yourself to as manydifferent ideas as you can

[02:07:22] : [02:07:25]

because something's gonnaclick at some point.

[02:07:25] : [02:07:27]

You may be 15, you maybe 25, you may be 55,

[02:07:27] : [02:07:31]

but it can happen.

[02:07:31] : [02:07:33]

- One thing to mention issometimes it's difficult,

[02:07:33] : [02:07:35]

or your parents, people around you,

[02:07:35] : [02:07:38]

might not be conduciveor might not be of help

[02:07:38] : [02:07:42]

in finding the thing you're good at.

[02:07:42] : [02:07:45]

In fact, like in my own life, you know,

[02:07:45] : [02:07:48]

the society was such that,

[02:07:48] : [02:07:49]

I don't know if they've helped much

[02:07:49] : [02:07:52]

at the thing I was good at.

[02:07:52] : [02:07:54]

I'm still not sure whatthat is. But I think.

[02:07:54] : [02:07:57]

- I think interviewingdone pretty well for you.

[02:07:57] : [02:07:58]

- Well, it's not even, there was a thing

[02:07:58] : [02:08:02]

where I saw the beauty in people.

[02:08:02] : [02:08:06]

Like I, very intensely.

[02:08:06] : [02:08:07]

So you can call that empathy,all that kind of stuff.

[02:08:07] : [02:08:10]

- Some will call it wokeness.

[02:08:10] : [02:08:12]

- Wokeness, super woke,awoke, I guess you could say.

[02:08:12] : [02:08:15]

Just super woke. That's me.

[02:08:15] : [02:08:17]

And you know, but in theeducation system, I came up,

[02:08:17] : [02:08:23]

and it was a very hardmathematics, you know,

[02:08:23] : [02:08:26]

science and so on.

[02:08:26] : [02:08:27]

And it didn't notice thatwhatever that was and mean.

[02:08:27] : [02:08:30]

But you know, you haveto keep the flame going.

[02:08:30] : [02:08:33]

You have to try to find yourway and see what that's useful.

[02:08:33] : [02:08:35]

And like others around youmight not always notice it.

[02:08:35] : [02:08:39]

So it might take time.So it could be lonely.

[02:08:39] : [02:08:41]

You can really have to find the strength

[02:08:41] : [02:08:43]

to believe in yourself.

[02:08:43] : [02:08:44]

- Oh, for sure.

[02:08:44] : [02:08:45]

You know, and I'll tellyou one other quick story.

[02:08:45] : [02:08:48]

1992, I went to Moscow State University.

[02:08:48] : [02:08:51]

To teach kids how to start businesses.

[02:08:51] : [02:08:56]

- Wow.

[02:08:56] : [02:08:57]

- 'Cause I had sold MicroSolutions,and I wanted to travel,

[02:08:57] : [02:09:01]

and I took Russian in high school.

[02:09:01] : [02:09:02]

My Ruski is like (speaks Russian).

[02:09:02] : [02:09:04]

- Good enough to remember that.

[02:09:04] : [02:09:09]

- Yeah, right, yeah.

[02:09:09] : [02:09:10]

But it was interesting to me,

[02:09:10] : [02:09:12]

and I bring it up becausejust, they didn't,

[02:09:12] : [02:09:16]

they didn't know what theword profit meant, right.

[02:09:16] : [02:09:18]

But at the same time, I wouldgo around and meet people,

[02:09:18] : [02:09:23]

and there were, it was as entrepreneurial,

[02:09:23] : [02:09:27]

like right after the Soviet Union fell,

[02:09:27] : [02:09:30]

entrepreneurship went through the roof.

[02:09:30] : [02:09:32]

I mean a lot of it was mafia driven,

[02:09:32] : [02:09:33]

but you know, people foundthat spark, you know,

[02:09:33] : [02:09:37]

because I think that that is natural.

[02:09:37] : [02:09:39]

And so you just neverknow when and how and when

[02:09:39] : [02:09:43]

the circumstances willcome together for you

[02:09:43] : [02:09:46]

to be able to take advantage.

[02:09:46] : [02:09:48]

- That spark is reallyimportant to comment on is,

[02:09:48] : [02:09:50]

in Russia and Ukraine,

[02:09:50] : [02:09:52]

I think the system kind ofsuppresses that spark somehow.

[02:09:52] : [02:09:57]

'Cause you said you saw thenatural entrepreneurship,

[02:09:57] : [02:10:00]

but there's not the entrepreneurialspirit once you grow up

[02:10:00] : [02:10:05]

in both of the nations.

[02:10:05] : [02:10:06]

I mentioned there is.

[02:10:06] : [02:10:07]

- [Mark] No, I believe it, right? I mean.

[02:10:07] : [02:10:09]

- Actually the Ukraine,

[02:10:09] : [02:10:10]

but there's something aboutthe system that kind of,

[02:10:10] : [02:10:12]

you know, be reasonable.- Without question.

[02:10:12] : [02:10:13]

- Be, you know, be.

[02:10:13] : [02:10:15]

- There would be noreason for me to go over

[02:10:15] : [02:10:16]

to do what I was doingif it was otherwise.

[02:10:16] : [02:10:18]

- But that's the thing

[02:10:18] : [02:10:19]

that really can help a country flourish.

[02:10:19] : [02:10:22]

- You know, it's gonna beinteresting with Ukraine,

[02:10:22] : [02:10:23]

if they're able to survive this, right?

[02:10:23] : [02:10:25]

Because as horrific as it is, you know,

[02:10:25] : [02:10:28]

as you saw across Europeafter World War II,

[02:10:28] : [02:10:31]

the rebuilding creates opportunities.

[02:10:31] : [02:10:35]

- Rebuilding creates opportunities.

[02:10:35] : [02:10:37]

But you know, first the warhas to end. How that ends.

[02:10:37] : [02:10:39]

- [Mark] I don't know either.

[02:10:39] : [02:10:40]

- Is a really complex path.

[02:10:40] : [02:10:42]

What gives you hope aboutthe future of humanity?

[02:10:42] : [02:10:45]

- Just looking in my kids'eyes, just, you know,

[02:10:45] : [02:10:50]

talking to them and seeing their spirit,

[02:10:50] : [02:10:53]

their friend's spirit.

[02:10:53] : [02:10:54]

And obviously we'reblessed as can be, right?

[02:10:54] : [02:10:56]

And it's not the same for every kid,

[02:10:56] : [02:10:58]

but I do, you know, I getemails that I respond,

[02:10:58] : [02:11:01]

don't respond to all ofthem, but from 13, 14,

[02:11:01] : [02:11:03]

15-year-old kids aroundthe world, you know,

[02:11:03] : [02:11:05]

'cause "Shark Tank's" shown everywhere,

[02:11:05] : [02:11:08]

asking me business questions.

[02:11:08] : [02:11:09]

And it's just like they took the time.

[02:11:09] : [02:11:12]

They were that curiousand that interested.

[02:11:12] : [02:11:14]

And I see it when I talkto schools, you know,

[02:11:14] : [02:11:18]

when I go to different groups,that spark in kids' eyes,

[02:11:18] : [02:11:23]

that there's something bigger and better

[02:11:23] : [02:11:27]

and exciting out there.

[02:11:27] : [02:11:28]

And that's not to saythere's not fear, you know,

[02:11:28] : [02:11:30]

climate, and any other number of things.

[02:11:30] : [02:11:33]

But that's the beauty of kids.

[02:11:33] : [02:11:36]

And I think Gen Z really embodies that.

[02:11:36] : [02:11:41]

And to me that's just really exciting.

[02:11:41] : [02:11:43]

- They dream, they dream big.

[02:11:43] : [02:11:45]

They see the opportunityfor making the world better.

[02:11:45] : [02:11:48]

It's cool, it's cool to see young people,

[02:11:48] : [02:11:50]

and in their eyes, that dream.

[02:11:50] : [02:11:53]

And I could be the one to do it too,

[02:11:53] : [02:11:55]

which is a super problem.

[02:11:55] : [02:11:57]

- You know, that's funny 'cause I,

[02:11:57] : [02:11:58]

when when I go talk to likeelementary school kids, right?

[02:11:58] : [02:12:01]

One of the things I do, Isaid, okay, let's look around.

[02:12:01] : [02:12:03]

You see that light there, oneday that light didn't exist.

[02:12:03] : [02:12:06]

Then somebody had the idea,

[02:12:06] : [02:12:08]

then somebody created a product of it,

[02:12:08] : [02:12:10]

and now your school bought that.

[02:12:10] : [02:12:11]

You see that chair? Chairsdidn't always look like that.

[02:12:11] : [02:12:14]

Somebody had that idea. Why not you?

[02:12:14] : [02:12:17]

So when you walk outand what I make them do,

[02:12:17] : [02:12:19]

ask yourself, why not me?

[02:12:19] : [02:12:21]

Why can't I be the oneto change the world?

[02:12:21] : [02:12:24]

- Thank you for thatbeautiful hopeful message.

[02:12:24] : [02:12:26]

And thank you for talking today, Mark.

[02:12:26] : [02:12:28]

You're fun to follow.I'm a big fan of yours.

[02:12:28] : [02:12:33]

- Same.

[02:12:33] : [02:12:34]

- But you're also an importantperson in this world.

[02:12:34] : [02:12:35]

I really appreciate everything you do.

[02:12:35] : [02:12:36]

- Well, I appreciate it.

[02:12:36] : [02:12:37]

Thanks for saying that Lex,

[02:12:37] : [02:12:38]

and keep on doing what you're doing.

[02:12:38] : [02:12:40]

This was great. I really enjoyed this.

[02:12:40] : [02:12:41]

- Thanks for listening to thisconversation with Mark Cuban.

[02:12:41] : [02:12:44]

To support this podcast,

[02:12:44] : [02:12:45]

please check out oursponsors in the description.

[02:12:45] : [02:12:48]

And now let me leave you withsome words from Oscar Wilde.

[02:12:48] : [02:12:51]

"Imagination was given to man

[02:12:51] : [02:12:53]

to compensate him for what he's not.

[02:12:53] : [02:12:56]

And a sense of humor was provided

[02:12:56] : [02:12:59]

to console him for what he is."

[02:12:59] : [02:13:02]

Thank you for listening, andhope to see you next time.

[02:13:02] : [02:13:05]




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