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A Merkle tree is a data structure hierarchy used to verify if a particular data is part of a dataset without expending too many resources. The verification is done by merging data layers to form a single Merkele Root. The Merkelem tree is also called a Binary Hash Tree because the hierarchical data structure is built from hashes of contrasting data blocks. Smart contracts are created via a programming language called Solidity. The functionalities of tools and improvement of protocols in public blockchains are encoded in a string of automated and pre-defined terms of agreement.