—Carl Sagan “What an astonishing thing a book is. It's a flat object made from a tree with flexible parts on which are imprinted lots of funny dark squiggles. But one glance at it and you're inside the mind of another person, maybe somebody dead for thousands of years. Across the millennia, an author is speaking clearly and silently inside your head, directly to you. Writing is perhaps the greatest of human inventions, binding together people who never knew each other, citizens of distant epochs. Books break the shackles of time. A book is proof that humans are capable of working magic." Have you ever read a book that inspired you to take action, only to have your motivation fizzle out a few days later? Or maybe you tried to explain a concept you recently read about only to discover that you can’t recall more than a few vague ideas. For the number of hours it takes to read a book, you’d hope to earn a better return on your investment. But books are, without a doubt, still one of the best tools for learning how to do something or for understanding a new concept. They’re also incredible at transferring knowledge through space and time. So why is it so difficult to remember what you read? How to Remember What You Read Perhaps books aren’t to blame, but rather, it’s how we read that makes learning inefficient. Reading for understanding is inherently flawed because it’s based on the faulty assumption that we learn by transmission—absorbing knowledge by reading words on a page. But if you really want to understand something, you can’t stop there. You must actively engage with it. If you want to optimize for understanding, you need to see reading for what it really is: only the first step in a larger process. To get the most out of books, you need a system for transforming what you read into meaningful action and lasting insight. What you need is a reading workflow. Reading Workflow Like the books you choose to read, your reading workflow will ultimately be unique to you, but it can effectively be broken down into three steps: Capture Review Integrate , so you don’t have to keep track of them in your head. These could be the ideas you discover while reading books, articles, and tweets or even random ideas sparked from interesting conversations. You need to have a system for funneling ideas through a common channel that’s easy to access for later review. Capture: Collect any meaningful ideas using a reliable system —David Allen “You can’t organize what’s incoming—you can only capture it and process it. Instead, you organize the actions you’ll need to take based on the decisions you’ve made about what needs to be done.” The next step is to review the information you’ve captured. After all, what’s the point of investing a lot of time and energy towards capturing ideas if you never plan to do anything with them. The review process should be quick and simple to perform while also consistently exposing you to your most important ideas. Review: The final step is about turning the ideas you consume into working knowledge. It’s about engaging with your ideas until you truly understand them. Whether it’s making connections between seemingly random ideas to create something new or gaining sudden inspiration to act on something that you’ve read, you want to convert your hours of input into meaningful action. Integrate: And while you could perform all of these steps manually, there is a tool specifically designed for improving every stage of your reading workflow. It’s called Readwise, and it helps you get more out of what you read by resurfacing your most important ideas and creating repeated opportunities for you to use them. But before I explain what all Readwise can do, let’s break down my reading workflow both before and after I started using Readwise. My Reading Workflow Capture My traditional way of capturing ideas was by marking up a physical book with a highlighter and taking notes with index cards and a pen. While not the most efficient, it was an effective way to capture the most relevant information. Thankfully, capturing has become much easier with e-books. Reading books on or another e-reader device makes highlighting passages as simple as a swipe of the finger. While this feature alone has greatly improved my capture efficiency, I find trying to type notes on a Kindle less than ideal. Kindle Capturing ideas also isn’t exclusive to just physical books and e-books. I’m also interested in capturing ideas I discover from articles, Tweets, and even audiobooks. But keeping up with and organizing notes and highlights from different media sources gets messy when done manually. Readwise solved this problem by aggregating every highlight from all of my information sources directly into their web app. Let’s take a look at how it works for each medium: Readwise automatically syncs my highlights to its platform. Kindle: Anytime I come across an interesting article or newsletter, I save it to Instapaper for later reading. I’ll then read the content in Instapaper and use their native highlighting tool, which automatically syncs with Readwise. Instapaper: : The Readwise iOS app lets you using your camera and optical character recognition (OCR). If you’re not an iPhone user, you still can manually input highlights, which I find quicker than my original approach of creating flashcards by hand. Physical books capture highlights from physical books You can save your favorite tweets and Twitter threads to Readwise by . You can save an individual tweet by replying to the tweet with “ save” or save an entire Twitter thread by replying to it with “ save thread.” Twitter: connecting to your Twitter account @readwiseio @readwiseio You can’t actually highlight an audiobook, but Readwise will add your audiobooks to your library. Once added, Readwise will auto-suggest highlights from those books based on popular highlights sourced from other readers. Audiobooks: Review My initial review process was going back through a book a week or two after reading it to jot down any highlights I still found valuable onto flashcards. As you might guess, reviewing a book was a serious time commitment that required a lot of self-discipline. It didn’t take long before I started to neglect the process. Instead, I just let myself believe that I absorbed all of the necessary information while moving on to my next book. My review process was highly valuable, but it was too much work to maintain consistently. The friction to review was too high, so my system was effectively useless. —James Clear “Much of the battle of building better habits comes down to finding ways to reduce the friction associated with our good habits and increase the friction associated with our bad ones.” Readwise solved my review problem by simplifying the process down to something I could easily stick with. It makes reviewing books easy (and fun) by sending daily emails of your highlights (more on this feature later), so they find you instead of you having to go searching for them. I customized the review feature to send a daily email showcasing five highlights from past books I’ve read with a bonus highlight thrown in from a recommended book. Highlights captured from books read on my Kindle are linked to their respective location, so if I need more context, I can just click on the highlight to return to the page where it’s found. Integrate Initially, my integration process was selecting the books I found most valuable and writing a summary of their ideas for my page. Writing a book summary forced me to grasp the concepts and connect the ideas so I could effectively communicate them back to my readers. Book Notes Writing notes on some of the books I’ve read vastly improved my retention of their ideas, but it also takes several hours to review one book. Due to the massive time commitment, I’m highly selective about which books I review. Books that didn’t make the cut were likely to be mostly forgotten since I didn’t have another method for integrating their ideas. Readwise filled in the gaps by providing additional methods for transforming the ideas I consume into useful knowledge. The most useful method is their Mastery feature, which turns your highlights into digital flashcards that utilize active recall and spaced repetition for optimizing retention. The Mastery feature makes it easy to integrate the ideas from any book at a fraction of the time it would take to write a review on it. I also get to choose which highlights become flashcards to ensure I’m only reviewing my most important ideas. Now that you have a general understanding of what Readwise does, it’s time to explore what Readwise is. Readwise Review Readwise is software built on top of existing reading platforms—such as Kindle, iBooks, and Instapaper—that allows you to capture all of your highlights for later review. While all of these reading platforms have a highlighting feature built-in, Readwise’s suite of features is designed to improve your entire reading workflow. Let’s dive into what some of these core features are and what they do. Highlighting Readwise automatically syncs your highlights from a variety of sources such as ebooks, articles, PDFs, Twitter, Medium, (via Airr), and other apps like Liner, Pocket, Instapaper, and Hypothes.is. You can also manually input highlights from physical books or other physical sources that might not have a digital copy. podcasts Once synced, you can either browse your highlights by its source or use the search bar to search for a particular highlight by keyword or phrase. No more having to search for that one specific highlight by flipping through every page in a book or scrolling through that lengthy PDF ever again. Being just a few clicks away from all of your highlights dramatically reduces any friction associated with reviewing what you’ve read. Tagging Readwise also has a native tagging feature for organizing your highlights around topics of interest or for creating more advanced filters for review. You can use tags to help you recall a passage’s content, reference a topic worth exploring, highlight good copy that you want to imitate, or select particular highlights that merit a specific review time. I find the tagging feature particularly useful when , or reading many books and articles on a given subject to improve understanding. Once I’ve added my highlights from multiple sources, I’ll give them a tag based on the topic I’m exploring or the project I’m working on. This keeps me from jumping back and forth between multiple books and articles to search for a particular idea. Instead, I just click on the Tags page, find the tag I want to explore, and filter through all of my highlights containing that tag. reading syntopically Export to Evernote, Notion, & Roam Research If you’re a fan of Personal Knowledge Management, you’ll be pleased to know that all of your highlights can be automatically exported into Evernote, Notion, and Roam Research. Having all of your highlights sync automatically with your favorite knowledge management tool is a massive time-saver. I’ve also found that having all of my highlights live in the same space where I take notes has been critical for my creative process. It’s much harder to connect seemingly random ideas when your highlights and notes live across multiple platforms. Having a common place where your ideas can mingle is the key to creative insight. Automated Emails Readwise helps you stop forgetting what you read by surfacing your best highlights for review with their automated email feature. To help you stick with your review process, Readwise gives you direct control over how often (if ever) the emails are sent, what time they are sent, and even how many highlights you want displayed in each email. The highlights in each email are chosen by their resurfacing algorithm of “ ” to maximize your retention. probabilistic spaced repetition Mastery The Mastery feature applies both and to your highlights. Together, these two efficient learning principles will help you remember the ideas you read. Readwise incorporates active recall using two different methods: Q&A and (fill-in-the-blank) to maximize retention (think , but automated). active recall spaced repetition cloze deletion Anki Once you’ve reviewed a highlight using an active recall method, it will prompt you to select how often, if ever, you wish to review the highlight again. Having control over how often you review a highlight ensures you’re reviewing more of what matters most. You can also tune how often you see your highlights from each article and book you’ve read. Other Cool Features Two more features that aren’t necessary for improving your reading workflow but are worth mentioning are streaks and the highlight share button. Your streaks are represented by a flame icon with a number next to it in the web app’s upper right-hand corner for keeping track of how many days in a row you’ve performed your daily review. You can click on the flame icon to see which days you’ve completed your daily review and even see your entire Readwise history. When reviewing a highlight, you’ll notice a share icon in the bottom right-hand corner. You can either share the highlight to Facebook, Twitter, or download an image of the highlight to use it how you best see fit. I prefer to occasionally share some of my favorite highlights from a book I’m reading on Twitter to create an online discussion around some of the ideas. Limitations of Readwise While Readwise has easily become one of my favorite productivity tools, some limitations need to be addressed. Specifically, their lack of an Android app and subscription price. As of this published date, Readwise only has an iOS app. But there is an Android app coming (perhaps very soon since there's an early access app now available in the Google Play Store). It's a little disappointing that Android users still have to wait, but Readwise offers some to hold you over until their app officially launches. instructions for adding your daily review to your home screen As far as price is concerned, Readwise offers two subscription plans: a full version and a lite version. The full version includes features such as highlight exporting, tagging, Mastery, and early access to beta features (such as Notion and Roam export) but is a bit pricey at $7.99/month. If you don’t need access to those listed features, you can sign up for the lite version for $4.49/month. If you’re unsure about which plan is right for you, you can also upgrade or downgrade your subscription at any time. Getting Started I’ve been using Readwise for over two years now, and it’s still one of my favorite emails I receive each day. Seeing my highlights resurface in the daily email has encouraged me to be more proactive with my highlighting and note-taking. As a result, I end up retaining more of what I read while simultaneously organizing the concepts and ideas I’m interested in learning. So if you’re a voracious reader who finds yourself regularly highlighting sections of a book, then I recommend giving Readwise a try. If you’re still unsure if it’s worth the price, you can try it (affiliate link) to see just how much it improves your reading workflow. free for the first 60-days It's time to stop forgetting what you read.

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