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Homomorphic Encryption — for Web Apps is a game changer for privacy. It allows for data to be manipulated without decrypting it. The concept dates back to RSA encryption, but it took quite some time before the industry saw a change. In 2009, Craig Gentry’s dissertation was published and sparked the proliferation of libraries with different capabilities and varying performance. Many libraries can be found floating in the wild and are written in low-level languages such as C++. This is mainly because of performance, but has the side-effect of being hard to adopt.
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