Ponzi schemes or pyramid schemes are easy to structure and enable a cyber attacker to hide behind layers of lies and distractions. These cyber schemes use well-known bank names without consent to gain credibility and lure more investors. It is crucial that we shed light on this topic to better educate ourselves on such schemes to avoid the consequences. Definition of the term & how it works: A Ponzi scheme is described as a fraudulent investment campaign in which people are deceived into investing large sums of money and promised high rates of return that are not from legitimate business activities, profits or trading. The schemes advertised as being no risk to investors and are backed by financial reports and investor testimonials showing off their high earnings & lifestyle change. The whole campaign relies on the recruitment of new investors to continue providing returns to the old investors, and when this flow runs out, the scheme falls out. This also uses the logic of “Robbing investor “X” to pay investor “Y” back.” The base principle of using the existing investors’ money to attain new investors, however, this scheme cannot sustain for an extended period as it is too difficult to continue getting new investors to pay off the older ones. It is a dangerous and vicious cycle that eventually collapses. History: “Ponzi” from the term Ponzi Scheme comes from a man named Charles Ponzi, the first to commit to such a crime. In the 1920’s he was able to con a total of $2.5 million+ from his investors, which was all based on his idea to use the difference in exchange rates to buy and sell global mail coupons for profit. By the end of the year, he was making a million dollars per day. However, this all came to an end once he was caught for his actions. One of the biggest Ponzi schemes to date is Bernie Madoff’s scam which added up to a whopping $65 billion. After an estimate of $50 billion in losses to his investors, his tricks were exposed resulting him in getting 150 years of jail time in 2009. Diamond Scheme (PayDiamond): Initially, con-artists popularized gold Ponzi schemes in which they would convince their victims to invest in gold and tricked them into believing they would gain high returns with false promises and a fraction of payments taken from other victims, while the con-artists gathered large amounts of money before they disappeared. Recently, diamonds have also been pulled into the loop. The PayDiamond scheme is an excellent example of an active diamond Ponzi scheme, in which the perpetrator convinces investors to pitch in and fund the purchase of raw diamonds which are later to be polished, cut and marketed by the company. The investors are then paid periodically by the profit that is made off the diamonds, for example, a return of 5% on their initial investment for 50 weeks. Furthermore, each investor would be promised higher returns if he/she recruited more people to invest and the cycle continued. The company also uses success stories from investors to convince more people to invest their money. Such stories include lavish lifestyles, parties, tropical islands, yachts and more; it is essential for people to know that these stories are all fake/bogus and not to invest in such schemes. Why is PayDiamond a Ponzi Scheme? High return rates No physical office location False claim of affiliation with renown Banks. It seems that the company has registration in Hong Kong, while by default it is in the Portuguese language. Details There are a couple of websites which are used for the same Ponzi Scheme: http://paydiamond.com/novo/ https://www.paydiamondweb.com/ http://paydiamondgh.com/ http://paydiamond.com.co/ http://www.paydiamond.club/ Following are Linkedin profiles of companies having the name PayDiamond https://www.linkedin.com/company/paydiamondweb/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/paydiamond-vale-lacastro/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/paydiamond9ja/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/pay-diamond/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/paydiamondnigeria/ As per Alexa ranking http://paydiamond.com 30% of visitors are from Pakistan and is ranked the highest in Pakistan. Implications/Affects/Losses The economy is directly affected by Ponzi Schemes. Since it kills creativity, progressively destroys work ethics, and decline in social services by encouraging greed and laziness. While the indirect effect is about people that have lost vast amounts of money in Ponzi schemes, and as a result, they lose the capability to access means of livelihood. How to Detect Ponzi Schemes Red flags include: High RoI and no risk. Consistent returns without dips due to the economy. Unregistered investments Sellers without a valid license Unknown or secretive information on investment strategies Inconsistent and error-prone paperwork Difficulty cashing out/receiving payments Recovering from the scheme The first step that should be taken by the victim of a Ponzi scheme is to ensure that they do not contact their broker. At that point, the broker will not be able to help, and anything the victim says to them can be used against them, which will further reduce the potential recovery of the victim’s money. Any paperwork or records that document the interaction and investment between the victim and the broker should be gathered. Additionally, in most cases going after the schemer will not lead to recovering the lost money, as by the time the scheme is over the schemer is already broke and the money is lost. The next best thing to do is go after brokerage firms and other third parties who could be held responsible and have the financial ability to reimburse the victim. Most cases end through arbitration. Therefore an experienced securities fraud lawyer with specific knowledge in frauds is needed to help the victim. Conclusion / Recommendations For the Financial Sector Report to the official government department in case any false affiliation by such Ponzi Scheme with your Bank. Publish a press release regarding the false affiliation. Government Block such domains and IPs on a national level. Identify and stop those peoples who involve in these schemes. For the Public Never invest in anything you don’t understand, nor if the company offering the investment doesn’t have a legitimate website. Make sure the offering company is licensed to sell investments by the relevant regulatory authorities. Avoid any bogus seller regularly offering generated positive returns regardless of overall market conditions. Report any investment that might seem to be suspicious or involved in fraudulent activity. Know where and how your money will be invested, also keeping track of the investment.
