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Understanding Maximal Extractable Value on Starknet

Blockchain, without a doubt, revolutionized the world of finance and transactions by introducing secure digital currencies that are decentralized at the same time in the form of cryptocurrencies. Security and privacy remain the biggest issues to most because of the transparency and immutability offered by blockchain. However, the solution lies in a term: zero-knowledge proofs, or ZKPs. These cryptographic protocols present a way of proving the statement's truth between two parties without revealing any information. In cryptocurrencies, ZKPs dramatically increase the privacy and security of transactions. Probably the most common use case for ZKPs is to support use in anonymous transactions. Even with the identification and details of the transactions, cryptocurrencies employing ZKP still maintain their anonymity. The ZKPs greatly provide the ability to prove transactions without providing extra information and are perfect for privacy. ZKP is a system that describes security in different kinds of cryptocurrency transactions. They help one verify that they are maintaining correct transaction records and managing open and closed ledgers, revealing key codes and data. This type of defense limits the chance for jacking to be carried out on one's money in terms of double spending and changing the record of transactions. Therefore, ZKPs make the record transparent while making it hard to rig the system in cryptocurrency systems. People can prove that the fundamental computation processes are appropriate to ensure that the system works all right. This confirmation makes sure that there exist no account details, transactions, cheating, and other evil associated with technology and society. Thus, using zero-knowledge proofs in cryptocurrencies can help eliminate the major privacy and security problems while using digital currencies. Zero-Knowledge Proofs There are two types of ZKPs: Interactive and non-interactive. Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proofs: In this, the communication switches between the prover and the verifier. The prover is the one who is convinced that he knows the secret sequence. The verifier will have a set of questions that the prover will need to answer convincingly. This technique is very secure and thus not appropriate in some blockchain applications because of the overhead in the communication costs. Non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs: They are considered to be time-efficient since they allow the creation of a proof by the prover while also allowing it to be verified by a third party. This would make NIZKs really useful in solutions on a blockchain where the efficiency of a certain solution is of utmost importance. Implementation of ZKPs in Blockchain Protocols Scalability, efficiency, and compatibility with the current infrastructure where they are implemented make a good rationale for implementation. A huge number of research and implementations of ZKPs within blockchain projects have presented their approaches and benefits. Zk-SNARKs and Zk-STARKs Two of the most important protocols for ZKP are zk-SNARKs (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Arguments of Knowledge) and zk-STARKs (Zero-Knowledge Scalable Transparent Arguments of Knowledge). Zk-SNARKs: These find their way into general blockchain projects, for instance, Zcash. This category provides for very short proofs and makes it very efficient to use in blockchains. They come with a trusted setup—this means they have to generate the initial parameters securely. Zk-STARKs: This is the second generation of zk-SNARKs. It doesn't require a trusted setup, therefore, it's more secure. It also enables scalability and transparency so that the creation of the proof can be verified by anyone. StarkWare is a leading company in blockchain scalability and the development of zk-STARK. Improving Bitcoin Transactions with ZKPs The first cryptocurrencies to be introduced, Bitcoins seem to have encountered challenges when it comes to privacy and scalability. Privacy and scalability will be addressed once ZKPs are integrated with Bitcoin. Enhancements in Privacy While it has been admitted that Bitcoin transactions are pseudo-anonymous, what it really means is that the real-world identity of a person cannot be directly mapped to any transaction. Any information related to any kind of transaction is broadcast publicly on the blockchain. This allows privacy improvement when using ZKPs; this means that transaction validations might even be possible without revealing all the information about the transactions. For instance, take the example of “Shielded Transactions of Zcash.“ Zcash is a digital money implementation designed upon the working of Bitcoin, extended with zk-SNARKs to permit completely shielded transactions. The sender and the receiver, along with the transacted money, are hidden from every observer and, thus, strongly covered by privacy. If the capability of zk-SNARK is implemented similarly, then it will definitely enhance the privacy of transactions in Bitcoin. Security Improvements ZKPs can be used to ensure a more secure Bitcoin transaction as well, as integrity and validity should be guaranteed even in the presence of masked sensitive data. That comes in really handy, specifically where double-spending and other malicious activities need to be averted. A good illustration of this is zkLedger, which is a blockchain protocol for audits. It is designed to preserve transaction confidentiality by using ZKPs and simultaneously ensuring data integrity. The added advantage comes with the application of zkLedger principles to Bitcoin in that security is enhanced by the verification process that is carried out by the auditors without actually compromising the privacy of information. Examples and Real-world Applications There are many actual projects and real implementations that show the potential of ZKPs to support the case of security and privacy for blockchain. StarkWare and DeversiFi In this case, StarkWare is a technology designed with zk-STARKs, while DeversiFi is a decentralized exchange that is coming together to bring about scalable private transactions. Filecoin with zk-SNARKs This is in the sense that in most of their cases, Filecoin is a decentralized storage network; storage providers are in a position to provide proof of storing the data without necessarily revealing what the data is. This conclusively proves that ZKPs are very versatile in terms of security and privacy for different blockchain applications. LayerEdge: LayerEdge is aggregating zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) to reduce verification costs on the Bitcoin network by 90%. This advanced cryptography improves efficiency and strengthens LayerEdge's role as the leading verification layer on Bitcoin. Major industry players such as Nubit, Bittfinity, and BSquared are already using LayerEdge for their verification needs. Challenges and Future Directions Deploying ZKPs is not trivial, although the plethora of benefits they bring is enormous. These are: Computational Complexity: Highly intricate mathematical computations birth ZKPs, specifically zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs. Work is ongoing to optimize such computations and make them efficient for general purposes. Efficient Proof Generation: The next crucial necessity for the actual realization of ZKPs in blockchain protocols is the efficient generation of proofs. This research work is ongoing, with a steady increase in the time taken to prove it, without necessarily taking a toll on considerations of security. This is not an easy problem; it must be carefully tested and designed to ensure it is compatible with current Blockchain protocols, such as Bitcoin. An area of critical ongoing research is bridging the gap between the traditional mechanisms of the blockchain and advanced cryptographic techniques. Zero-knowledge proofs are an instantiation of another general class of utilities; they permit very strong and privacy-preserving transactions over the Bitcoin network, enabling a method that allows for transaction validation without revealing sensitive information. The real-world implementations of such primitives are to show that ZKPs would be transformational in practice. There is no doubt that with ongoing research and development, ZKPs in Bitcoin and other blockchain protocols' integrations will pave the way for a new era of private and secure digital transactions. Blockchain, without a doubt, revolutionized the world of finance and transactions by introducing secure digital currencies that are decentralized at the same time in the form of cryptocurrencies. Security and privacy remain the biggest issues to most because of the transparency and immutability offered by blockchain. However, the solution lies in a term: zero-knowledge proofs, or ZKPs. These cryptographic protocols present a way of proving the statement's truth between two parties without revealing any information. In cryptocurrencies, ZKPs dramatically increase the privacy and security of transactions. Probably the most common use case for ZKPs is to support use in anonymous transactions. Even with the identification and details of the transactions, cryptocurrencies employing ZKP still maintain their anonymity. The ZKPs greatly provide the ability to prove transactions without providing extra information and are perfect for privacy. ZKP is a system that describes security in different kinds of cryptocurrency transactions. They help one verify that they are maintaining correct transaction records and managing open and closed ledgers, revealing key codes and data. This type of defense limits the chance for jacking to be carried out on one's money in terms of double spending and changing the record of transactions. Therefore, ZKPs make the record transparent while making it hard to rig the system in cryptocurrency systems. People can prove that the fundamental computation processes are appropriate to ensure that the system works all right. This confirmation makes sure that there exist no account details, transactions, cheating, and other evil associated with technology and society. Thus, using zero-knowledge proofs in cryptocurrencies can help eliminate the major privacy and security problems while using digital currencies. Zero-Knowledge Proofs There are two types of ZKPs: Interactive and non-interactive. Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proofs: In this, the communication switches between the prover and the verifier. The prover is the one who is convinced that he knows the secret sequence. The verifier will have a set of questions that the prover will need to answer convincingly. This technique is very secure and thus not appropriate in some blockchain applications because of the overhead in the communication costs. Interactive Zero-Knowledge Proofs: Non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs: They are considered to be time-efficient since they allow the creation of a proof by the prover while also allowing it to be verified by a third party. This would make NIZKs really useful in solutions on a blockchain where the efficiency of a certain solution is of utmost importance. Non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs: Implementation of ZKPs in Blockchain Protocols Scalability, efficiency, and compatibility with the current infrastructure where they are implemented make a good rationale for implementation. A huge number of research and implementations of ZKPs within blockchain projects have presented their approaches and benefits. Zk-SNARKs and Zk-STARKs Two of the most important protocols for ZKP are zk-SNARKs (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Arguments of Knowledge) and zk-STARKs (Zero-Knowledge Scalable Transparent Arguments of Knowledge). Zk-SNARKs: These find their way into general blockchain projects, for instance, Zcash. This category provides for very short proofs and makes it very efficient to use in blockchains. They come with a trusted setup—this means they have to generate the initial parameters securely. Zk-SNARKs: Zk-STARKs: This is the second generation of zk-SNARKs. It doesn't require a trusted setup, therefore, it's more secure. It also enables scalability and transparency so that the creation of the proof can be verified by anyone. StarkWare is a leading company in blockchain scalability and the development of zk-STARK. Zk-STARKs: Improving Bitcoin Transactions with ZKPs The first cryptocurrencies to be introduced, Bitcoins seem to have encountered challenges when it comes to privacy and scalability. Privacy and scalability will be addressed once ZKPs are integrated with Bitcoin. Enhancements in Privacy While it has been admitted that Bitcoin transactions are pseudo-anonymous, what it really means is that the real-world identity of a person cannot be directly mapped to any transaction. Any information related to any kind of transaction is broadcast publicly on the blockchain. This allows privacy improvement when using ZKPs; this means that transaction validations might even be possible without revealing all the information about the transactions. For instance, take the example of “Shielded Transactions of Zcash.“ Zcash is a digital money implementation designed upon the working of Bitcoin, extended with zk-SNARKs to permit completely shielded transactions. The sender and the receiver, along with the transacted money, are hidden from every observer and, thus, strongly covered by privacy. If the capability of zk-SNARK is implemented similarly, then it will definitely enhance the privacy of transactions in Bitcoin. Security Improvements ZKPs can be used to ensure a more secure Bitcoin transaction as well, as integrity and validity should be guaranteed even in the presence of masked sensitive data. That comes in really handy, specifically where double-spending and other malicious activities need to be averted. A good illustration of this is zkLedger, which is a blockchain protocol for audits. It is designed to preserve transaction confidentiality by using ZKPs and simultaneously ensuring data integrity. The added advantage comes with the application of zkLedger principles to Bitcoin in that security is enhanced by the verification process that is carried out by the auditors without actually compromising the privacy of information. Examples and Real-world Applications There are many actual projects and real implementations that show the potential of ZKPs to support the case of security and privacy for blockchain. StarkWare and DeversiFi StarkWare and DeversiFi In this case, StarkWare is a technology designed with zk-STARKs, while DeversiFi is a decentralized exchange that is coming together to bring about scalable private transactions. Filecoin with zk-SNARKs Filecoin with zk-SNARKs This is in the sense that in most of their cases, Filecoin is a decentralized storage network; storage providers are in a position to provide proof of storing the data without necessarily revealing what the data is. This conclusively proves that ZKPs are very versatile in terms of security and privacy for different blockchain applications. LayerEdge: LayerEdge: LayerEdge is aggregating zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) to reduce verification costs on the Bitcoin network by 90%. This advanced cryptography improves efficiency and strengthens LayerEdge's role as the leading verification layer on Bitcoin. Major industry players such as Nubit, Bittfinity, and BSquared are already using LayerEdge for their verification needs. Challenges and Future Directions Deploying ZKPs is not trivial, although the plethora of benefits they bring is enormous. These are: Computational Complexity: Highly intricate mathematical computations birth ZKPs, specifically zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs. Work is ongoing to optimize such computations and make them efficient for general purposes. Computational Complexity: Efficient Proof Generation: The next crucial necessity for the actual realization of ZKPs in blockchain protocols is the efficient generation of proofs. This research work is ongoing, with a steady increase in the time taken to prove it, without necessarily taking a toll on considerations of security. Efficient Proof Generation: This is not an easy problem; it must be carefully tested and designed to ensure it is compatible with current Blockchain protocols, such as Bitcoin. An area of critical ongoing research is bridging the gap between the traditional mechanisms of the blockchain and advanced cryptographic techniques. Zero-knowledge proofs are an instantiation of another general class of utilities; they permit very strong and privacy-preserving transactions over the Bitcoin network, enabling a method that allows for transaction validation without revealing sensitive information. The real-world implementations of such primitives are to show that ZKPs would be transformational in practice. There is no doubt that with ongoing research and development, ZKPs in Bitcoin and other blockchain protocols' integrations will pave the way for a new era of private and secure digital transactions.

Enhancing Security and Privacy on the Bitcoin Network with Zero-Knowledge Proofs

GRAND CAYMAN, Cayman Islands, May 3rd, 2024/Chainwire/--Protocol launches, growth trajectory, and industry-leading technology point toward more success to come. On the first anniversary of Sui’s Mainnet launch, the Sui community is celebrating a landmark year that saw it rise from a nascent ecosystem to the top tier of Layer 1 blockchains, amassing household name partners and shipping multiple technology breakthroughs in the process. In the build-up to its launch in 2023, the chatter around Sui reached a level of excitement that has not been matched by any chain that has launched since. The first anniversary of Sui represents a culmination of the remarkable milestones achieved by the network in its first year. While centralized institutions face growing public distrust due to decades of anti-competitive and anti-consumer behavior and legacy blockchains lack the speed and technology to solve the problem, in a single year, Sui has emerged as the decentralized solution most capable of disrupting the status quo at scale. The innovations of Sui begin with Sui’s novel programming language, Move, which was created by Mysten Labs Co-founder and CTO Sam Blackshear. Move introduced a new architecture centered around objects, enabling performance and functionality that was simply not available on existing blockchains. The result is a blockchain that is singular in the industry — the universal coordination layer for intelligent assets. “Like many transformative innovations before us, we knew the problem we had to solve and built the technology to solve it without applying labels, but a year after launch, it is clear that Sui is a vibrant developer ecosystem,” said Evan Cheng, Co-founder and CEO of Mysten Labs. “Developers are taking advantage of Sui’s performance, and its scalable, composable, on-chain storage, and native accessibility features to build sustainable business models with a consumer ownership-first approach. While the Network’s achievements to date are remarkable, the road to onboarding the next billion users to web3 has just started.” Technology Innovations The results Sui has achieved have validated the team’s approach. In addition to not experiencing a single minute of downtime or instance of degraded performance since Mainnet launch, in the last 12 months, Sui has achieved: Lightning-fast transaction speeds — time to finality clocked at just 400 milliseconds
Massive scale — 297,000 peak TPS in a controlled environment
Record-setting Mainnet performance — 65.8M transactions executed in a single day, the most of any blockchain ever
Extremely low fees — predictable, stable transaction fees even during high usage Yet technology improvements are a constant at Sui. In recent weeks, including at its first global in-person conference, Sui Basecamp, Sui unveiled Mysticeti, which significantly shortens Sui’s end-to-end time to finality, and Pilotfish, which enables nearly unlimited horizontal scaling by enabling individual validators to use multiple machines to extend their capacity. Sui has also introduced unique implementations of technologies that make adoption easier and make the blockchain accessible to mainstream users, both at the enterprise and retail levels. zkLogin is on-chain authorization with traditional OAuth providers like Google and Twitter, allowing all users to directly operate on-chain with the single sign-on process they have become accustomed to, removing the hurdle of managing wallet addresses and seed phrases. zkSend is an application exclusive to Sui that utilizes zkLogin to enable users to send and claim tokens simply by sharing or clicking a link. Sponsored transactions, enabled by Sui’s extremely low fees, empower builders to remove a final hurdle for engagement. Finally, Enoki, which was announced at Sui Basecamp, removes requirements for enterprises looking to incorporate blockchain technology with a turnkey solution that gives them access to build seamlessly on Sui. “The rate at which the ecosystem’s deep and talented developer community has shipped powerful protocols and industry-first technology breakthroughs has been breathtaking, and it’s only a year in,” said Adeniyi Abiodun, Co-founder and CPO at Mysten Labs. “Sui’s purpose is to redefine how individuals and businesses collaborate to create, grow, and share value in a digital-first economy and since its mainnet launch, Sui has demonstrated important and unique capabilities in that regard.” Network Momentum – Sui is a destination for DeFi, Gaming and Commerce Also owing to the strength of the network and especially notable for an ecosystem so early in its development, Sui has quickly become one of the preeminent destinations for DeFi activity. Within 9 months of its Mainnet launch, Sui ranked in the Top 10 of all blockchains in TVL. A month later, Sui’s DEX volume also achieved top 10 status. Throughout, Wormhole stats show Sui as a top destination for bridging from Ethereum, including over a 30-day period where Sui saw more inflows than all other blockchains combined, and more than twice as much as the next closest blockchain. In each of these cases, Sui eclipsed numerous well-known networks that have existed for far longer. Builders and enterprises integrating with Sui are also adding to the growing momentum. Bluefin, a derivatives exchange that had already executed billions in transaction volume in its first iteration on another chain, shut that integration down to build on Sui. Solend, a leading lending protocol on Solana, chose Sui for its first integration beyond its initial network, launching the Suilend protocol which has already amassed over $30M TVL. Additionally, First Digital Labs, creator of FDUSD, the fastest-growing stablecoin in crypto with over $4B in market cap, chose Sui for its first expansion since its launch on Ethereum and BNB. “As we mark the first anniversary of Sui's launch, the growth and innovation within the Sui ecosystem have been sensational and Sui has quickly ascended to the forefront of Layer 1 blockchains,” said Greg Siourounis, Managing Director of the Sui Foundation. “Sui’s global footprint has continued to expand at a remarkable rate as more and more builders see Sui as the best platform for enabling real world solutions aimed at addressing the world’s most pressing challenges.” Gaming is another focus for Sui that will continue in the coming months and years. With low, predictable fees that allow game developers to build with confidence and dynamic objects that make games built on Sui more expressive, Sui is the optimal blockchain for gaming studios. Dozens of development teams are currently building games on Sui, including established studios such as NHN (Pebble City), ONBUFF x SNK (Samurai Shodown), NDUS Interactive (Xociety), Orange Comet (The Walking Dead: Lands), and Ambrus Studio (E4C: Final Salvation). Leading professional esports team, Team Liquid, will leverage Sui for the relaunch of its fan loyalty program, and at Sui Basecamp in April, Sui joined gaming infrastructure developer Playtron in announcing SuiPlay0X1, the first handheld gaming device with native blockchain capabilities to wide acclaim. Other notable ecosystem partnerships achieved in Sui’s first year include those with Alibaba Cloud and Google Cloud, which focused on enhancing security, scalability, developer tools and user experiences across a range of Web 3.0 and AI-powered applications. BytePlus, the web3 arm of ByteDance, partnered with Sui ecosystem partner Mysten Labs to explore collaboration on data warehousing, AI recommendation algorithms, and AI visual algorithms in web3 game platforms and socialFi projects on Sui. The crowds that gathered for Sui Basecamp 2024 represented the culmination of Sui’s arrival, as over 1,000 projects, partners, investors and enthusiasts from 65 countries around the world came to Paris in April to celebrate Sui at the vaunted Layer 1’s inaugural global conference. Contact Sui Foundation media@sui.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. GRAND CAYMAN, Cayman Islands, May 3rd, 2024/Chainwire/--Protocol launches, growth trajectory, and industry-leading technology point toward more success to come. On the first anniversary of Sui’s Mainnet launch, the Sui community is celebrating a landmark year that saw it rise from a nascent ecosystem to the top tier of Layer 1 blockchains, amassing household name partners and shipping multiple technology breakthroughs in the process. In the build-up to its launch in 2023, the chatter around Sui reached a level of excitement that has not been matched by any chain that has launched since. The first anniversary of Sui represents a culmination of the remarkable milestones achieved by the network in its first year. While centralized institutions face growing public distrust due to decades of anti-competitive and anti-consumer behavior and legacy blockchains lack the speed and technology to solve the problem, in a single year, Sui has emerged as the decentralized solution most capable of disrupting the status quo at scale. The innovations of Sui begin with Sui’s novel programming language, Move, which was created by Mysten Labs Co-founder and CTO Sam Blackshear. Move introduced a new architecture centered around objects, enabling performance and functionality that was simply not available on existing blockchains. The result is a blockchain that is singular in the industry — the universal coordination layer for intelligent assets. “Like many transformative innovations before us, we knew the problem we had to solve and built the technology to solve it without applying labels, but a year after launch, it is clear that Sui is a vibrant developer ecosystem,” said Evan Cheng, Co-founder and CEO of Mysten Labs. “Like many transformative innovations before us, we knew the problem we had to solve and built the technology to solve it without applying labels, but a year after launch, it is clear that Sui is a vibrant developer ecosystem,” said Evan Cheng, Co-founder and CEO of Mysten Labs. “Developers are taking advantage of Sui’s performance, and its scalable, composable, on-chain storage, and native accessibility features to build sustainable business models with a consumer ownership-first approach. While the Network’s achievements to date are remarkable, the road to onboarding the next billion users to web3 has just started.” “Developers are taking advantage of Sui’s performance, and its scalable, composable, on-chain storage, and native accessibility features to build sustainable business models with a consumer ownership-first approach. While the Network’s achievements to date are remarkable, the road to onboarding the next billion users to web3 has just started.” Technology Innovations The results Sui has achieved have validated the team’s approach. In addition to not experiencing a single minute of downtime or instance of degraded performance since Mainnet launch, in the last 12 months, Sui has achieved: Lightning-fast transaction speeds — time to finality clocked at just 400 milliseconds Massive scale — 297,000 peak TPS in a controlled environment Record-setting Mainnet performance — 65.8M transactions executed in a single day, the most of any blockchain ever Extremely low fees — predictable, stable transaction fees even during high usage Lightning-fast transaction speeds — time to finality clocked at just 400 milliseconds Massive scale — 297,000 peak TPS in a controlled environment Record-setting Mainnet performance — 65.8M transactions executed in a single day, the most of any blockchain ever Extremely low fees — predictable, stable transaction fees even during high usage Yet technology improvements are a constant at Sui. In recent weeks, including at its first global in-person conference, Sui Basecamp, Sui unveiled Mysticeti, which significantly shortens Sui’s end-to-end time to finality, and Pilotfish, which enables nearly unlimited horizontal scaling by enabling individual validators to use multiple machines to extend their capacity. Sui has also introduced unique implementations of technologies that make adoption easier and make the blockchain accessible to mainstream users, both at the enterprise and retail levels. zkLogin is on-chain authorization with traditional OAuth providers like Google and Twitter, allowing all users to directly operate on-chain with the single sign-on process they have become accustomed to, removing the hurdle of managing wallet addresses and seed phrases. zkSend is an application exclusive to Sui that utilizes zkLogin to enable users to send and claim tokens simply by sharing or clicking a link. Sponsored transactions, enabled by Sui’s extremely low fees, empower builders to remove a final hurdle for engagement. Finally, Enoki, which was announced at Sui Basecamp, removes requirements for enterprises looking to incorporate blockchain technology with a turnkey solution that gives them access to build seamlessly on Sui. “The rate at which the ecosystem’s deep and talented developer community has shipped powerful protocols and industry-first technology breakthroughs has been breathtaking, and it’s only a year in,” said Adeniyi Abiodun, Co-founder and CPO at Mysten Labs. “Sui’s purpose is to redefine how individuals and businesses collaborate to create, grow, and share value in a digital-first economy and since its mainnet launch, Sui has demonstrated important and unique capabilities in that regard.” Network Momentum – Sui is a destination for DeFi, Gaming and Commerce Also owing to the strength of the network and especially notable for an ecosystem so early in its development, Sui has quickly become one of the preeminent destinations for DeFi activity. Within 9 months of its Mainnet launch, Sui ranked in the Top 10 of all blockchains in TVL. A month later, Sui’s DEX volume also achieved top 10 status. Throughout, Wormhole stats show Sui as a top destination for bridging from Ethereum, including over a 30-day period where Sui saw more inflows than all other blockchains combined, and more than twice as much as the next closest blockchain. In each of these cases, Sui eclipsed numerous well-known networks that have existed for far longer. Builders and enterprises integrating with Sui are also adding to the growing momentum. Bluefin, a derivatives exchange that had already executed billions in transaction volume in its first iteration on another chain, shut that integration down to build on Sui. Solend, a leading lending protocol on Solana, chose Sui for its first integration beyond its initial network, launching the Suilend protocol which has already amassed over $30M TVL. Additionally, First Digital Labs, creator of FDUSD, the fastest-growing stablecoin in crypto with over $4B in market cap, chose Sui for its first expansion since its launch on Ethereum and BNB. “As we mark the first anniversary of Sui's launch, the growth and innovation within the Sui ecosystem have been sensational and Sui has quickly ascended to the forefront of Layer 1 blockchains,” said Greg Siourounis, Managing Director of the Sui Foundation. “Sui’s global footprint has continued to expand at a remarkable rate as more and more builders see Sui as the best platform for enabling real world solutions aimed at addressing the world’s most pressing challenges.” “As we mark the first anniversary of Sui's launch, the growth and innovation within the Sui ecosystem have been sensational and Sui has quickly ascended to the forefront of Layer 1 blockchains,” said Greg Siourounis, Managing Director of the Sui Foundation. “Sui’s global footprint has continued to expand at a remarkable rate as more and more builders see Sui as the best platform for enabling real world solutions aimed at addressing the world’s most pressing challenges.” Gaming is another focus for Sui that will continue in the coming months and years. With low, predictable fees that allow game developers to build with confidence and dynamic objects that make games built on Sui more expressive, Sui is the optimal blockchain for gaming studios. Dozens of development teams are currently building games on Sui, including established studios such as NHN (Pebble City), ONBUFF x SNK (Samurai Shodown), NDUS Interactive (Xociety), Orange Comet (The Walking Dead: Lands), and Ambrus Studio (E4C: Final Salvation). Leading professional esports team, Team Liquid, will leverage Sui for the relaunch of its fan loyalty program, and at Sui Basecamp in April, Sui joined gaming infrastructure developer Playtron in announcing SuiPlay0X1, the first handheld gaming device with native blockchain capabilities to wide acclaim. Other notable ecosystem partnerships achieved in Sui’s first year include those with Alibaba Cloud and Google Cloud, which focused on enhancing security, scalability, developer tools and user experiences across a range of Web 3.0 and AI-powered applications. BytePlus, the web3 arm of ByteDance, partnered with Sui ecosystem partner Mysten Labs to explore collaboration on data warehousing, AI recommendation algorithms, and AI visual algorithms in web3 game platforms and socialFi projects on Sui. The crowds that gathered for Sui Basecamp 2024 represented the culmination of Sui’s arrival, as over 1,000 projects, partners, investors and enthusiasts from 65 countries around the world came to Paris in April to celebrate Sui at the vaunted Layer 1’s inaugural global conference. Contact Sui Foundation media@sui.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here . here here

Sui Turns One: Debut Year Of Growth and Tech Breakthroughs Puts Sui At Forefront Of Web3

**GRAND CAYMAN, Cayman Islands, March 28th, 2024/Chainwire/--**March DEX volume on Sui stands at over $2.88B – up more than 49% from February – with decentralized exchange Cetus and wholesale liquidity layer DeepBook leading. Sui, the fast ascending Layer 1 blockchain offering industry-leading performance and infinite scaling, continued to demonstrate its blistering DeFi growth by cementing its place in the top ten of all chains by weekly DeFi volume, registering over $830M of trading over the most recent seven days of data available on and $224M in the latest 24 hours. DeFiLlama The volume growth comes as the chain has amassed several DeFi milestones since the start of the year, including surging past $700M in total value locked (TVL) earlier this week – up over 1900% since October – and dominating outflows from Ethereum via Wormhole during multiple seven-day periods this year. Sui is also setting the standard for network reliability during periods of high network traffic. In the first four months of its mainnet, Sui completed 65.8M transactions in a single day—the most of any blockchain ever, while throughout its existence, the network has never had an outage or experienced degraded performance. These milestones reflect how Sui’s underlying technology, which features an object-centric model, horizontal scalability, the increasingly popular, developer-friendly Move programming language, and recent breakthroughs such as zkLogin and zkSend, enables developers to create products that solve real-world challenges at scale. Sui’s technology has also attracted top projects and developers which are increasingly choosing to build on Sui. Most recently, , a protocol developed by the team behind Solana’s largest lending protocol, Solend, launched in its first expansion outside the Solana ecosystem. Ondo Finance’s treasury-backed assets also recently made their way into the ecosystem, while decentralized derivatives exchange left Arbitrum for Sui. Suilend Bluefin DeepBook, Sui’s fully on-chain order book, which is part of the Sui Protocol, has experienced a substantial volume increase in March as DeFi on the network continues to flourish. The CLOB saw over $940M in volume since the start of the month, and over $289M of trading in the last week alone, as it continues to provide deep liquidity to all DeFi protocols and traders on Sui with ultra-low, predictable transaction costs and sub-second finality. “From the Move language to its object-centric architecture, Sui’s technology is unique in the industry and enables a level of innovation that is attracting partnerships, protocol expansions, and independent developers—all building solutions that leverage the Sui network,” said Greg Siourounis, Managing Director of the Sui Foundation. “Sui’s surging metrics in DeFi indicate definitively that in an industry which is currently surging and primed for cutting-edge technology and practical, real-world applications, Sui is increasingly the platform of choice.” Contact Sui Foundation media@sui.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here.

Sui Spikes In Weekly DEX Volume, Joins Top 10 Of All Blockchains

**GRAND CAYMAN, Cayman Islands, January 16th, 2024/Chainwire/--**2000% increase in TVL and superior technology are causing builders to choose Sui, most recently, top lending protocol, Solend. Sui, a leading Layer 1 blockchain created by the team that led Meta’s Diem stablecoin project, has surged past $300M in Total Value Locked (TVL) continuing to climb the ranks of DefiLlama’s leaderboard. This sudden milestone underscores the ecosystem’s rapid ascent and further solidifies Sui’s position as a leader in the DeFi space, surpassing Bitcoin to make it the 13th-largest blockchain in terms of TVL. This achievement marks a more than 2000% increase in TVL since August. "$300 million in TVL is a significant milestone—one in a string of achievements the Sui ecosystem has reached only months since mainnet launch,” said Greg Siourounis, Managing Director of the Sui Foundation. "As market sentiment strengthens and focus turns to the fundamentals of the technology, it is extremely gratifying to see the work of the Sui community bear fruit and Sui’s ecosystem growth leading the industry forward.” Besides reaching this important TVL result so soon after launching its mainnet, other recent milestones achieved by Sui include surpassing $100 million in bridged USDC, handling the most transactions in a single day by any blockchain, and achieving a demonstrated TPS of 297,000 transactions per second all without any disruption of the network or a spike in fees—clearly demonstrating the chain’s ability to scale. The protocols contributing to Sui’s DeFi TVL are led by the Decentralized Exchange (DEX) Cetus with $62M locked in, followed by Navi Protocol ($60M, up 210% over the last 30 days), Scallop Lend ($54M), DeepBook ($33M), and FlowX Finance ($31M). During the past few months, the Sui ecosystem has welcomed many new projects building on its blockchain. Solend—a leading lending protocol on Solana—just announced its intention to expand to Sui as its first alternative ecosystem with its upcoming Suilend, while Bluefin, a leading derivatives trading protocol that began on Arbitrum, recently shuttered its Arbitrum implementation to devote the entirety of its resources to leveraging the uniquely performant Sui platform. Sui has also achieved some remarkable technology and infrastructure breakthroughs. After the September launch of zkLogin—which allows users to create and access Web3 wallets by simply using web2 social credentials like Google and FaceBook—the recent launch of zkSend represented a pioneering effort to make Web3 transactions as easy as sending an email. Thanks to its object-centric model and powerful infrastructure, Sui’s unparalleled potential for mass adoption arises from its simplicity for developers, scalability, and rapid transaction processing for broader use cases. Contact Sui Foundation media@sui.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here.

Sui Tops $300M In TVL, Passes Bitcoin And Joins Upper Echelon of DeFi Protocols

Sui TVL-এ $300M টপকে, বিটকয়েন পাস করে এবং DeFi প্রোটোকলের উপরের অংশে যোগ দেয়

Sui übersteigt die 300-Millionen-Dollar-Marke im TVL, überholt Bitcoin und steigt in die Spitzengruppe der DeFi-Protokolle ein

Sui supera los 300 millones de dólares en TVL, supera a Bitcoin y se une al escalón superior de los protocolos DeFi

Sui dépasse 300 millions de dollars en TVL, dépasse Bitcoin et rejoint l'échelon supérieur des protocoles DeFi

सुई ने टीवीएल में $300 मिलियन का शीर्ष हासिल किया, बिटकॉइन को पार किया और डेफी प्रोटोकॉल के ऊपरी सोपान में शामिल हो गया

スイ、TVLで3億ドルを突破、ビットコインを追い越してDeFiプロトコルの上層部に加わる

Sui, TVL에서 3억 달러 돌파, 비트코인 통과 및 DeFi 프로토콜의 상위 계층에 합류

Sui supera US$ 300 milhões em TVL, passa Bitcoin e se junta ao escalão superior dos protocolos DeFi

Sui превысил $300 млн в TVL, передает биткойны и присоединяется к высшему эшелону протоколов DeFi

Sui, TVL'de 300 Milyon Doları Aştı, Bitcoin'i Geçti ve DeFi Protokollerinin Üst Kademesine Katıldı

Sui đạt 300 triệu USD về TVL, vượt qua Bitcoin và gia nhập cấp cao hơn của giao thức DeFi

Sui 的 TVL 突破 3 亿美元，超过比特币并加入 DeFi 协议的高层

We will in the following paragraphs use Bitcoin, Algorand and Ethereum as examples to argue that if blockchain technology is to fulfill its purpose as a trusted shared public ledger and its promises as “General Purpose Technology” it has to have the right “incentives mechanisms” (Vitalik Buterin) in place to leverage its access to human ingenuity in order to achieve scale while fighting off many possible emerging points of centralization arising from potential economies of scales. Blockchains can nowadays have many forms from private and permissioned to public and permissionless or anywhere in between. While a public centralized blockchain, assuming a completely trusted and trustworthy central authority that does not seek to profit from its position or the “cost of trust”, could, in theory, serve as a shared public ledger and reduce the costs of verifying the attributes of a transaction or information leakage (Catalini & Gans) it would most likely fail in having the networks effect of a truly decentralized one. In fact, it is very likely that even if a centrally designed public blockchain was to achieve scale most of the technology´s intended purpose and benefits to the public would fade over time or disappear instantly. One of the main benefits of blockchain is its ability to create assets that cannot be owned (Catalini & Gans). Centralizing ownership of the ledger and its network effects would surely result in the central authority charging the public for the cost of trust and exert market power which could come in the form of fees, censorship, or other inefficiencies. Those inefficiencies would in turn reduce participation undermining the technology´s very purpose. Centralization also creates “single point of attacks” undermining security and therefore trust, once again undermining the core principles of the technology. The debate about centralization comes as many blockchains including Bitcoin have failed to scale without centralization. Scaling a blockchain by extending the parameters makes it harder to participate (Vitalik Buterin) thereby increasing centralization and reducing safety. We agree with Professor Silvio Micali that a lot of the scaling and centralization problems of Bitcoin are inherent to the incentive scheme embedded in its protocol. In Bitcoin, miners are incentivized and rewarded to secure the network by transaction fees and newly minted coin for their POW work. The number of resources needed to mine under Bitcoin POW has resulted in barely profitable and unfamous centralized mining operations while the requirement of running a full node is affecting participation in the network. While miners are remunerated, “Full Nodes” which have to run a full copy of the blockchain are not and neither are “Lightnodes” even though they must keep a full copy of the UTXO set (affect memory vs disk space), the network´s most expensive resource. (Andreas Antonopoulos). In fact, one could argue that nodes are encouraged to hoard the coins as their only remuneration will come from the appreciation of bitcoin. According to Wikipedia, 0.5% of Bitcoin wallets owned 87% of all Bitcoin in March 2018. This concentration of mining and ownership could be the inadvertent result of a combination of Bitcoin deflationary fixed monetary supply and incentive mechanism, but the fact is that it has resulted in very few innovations apart from Segwit and Lightning Networks which in the latter case only offer an off-chain centralized solution scalability problem. While Algorand´s “Pure POS” consensus “algorithm” uses randomness and cryptography as a source of trust to create a scalable blockchain solution that not only allows high transaction throughput but also a cheap participation (Silvio Micali), it remains to be seen whether “Pure POS” gather enough active participants to secure its network without suffering from the “tragedy of commons” or “nothing at stake” as no incentives are in place for good behaviors and no punishment for bad ones.  Being rewarded for merely holding and using ALGOs could well be enough of an incentive. To solve its scalability issue Ethereum is switching from POW to “Bonded POS” consensus mechanism while putting in place new technologies such as “Sharding” which split the database and “ZK Rollups” which allows for a large part of the computation and data to be done and kept off-chain. Zero Knowledge Cryptography (also used in Zkledger) has tremendous scalability potential as it cryptographically proves the validity of a computation or message without the need to reveal the information. When combined, those measures should; by pushing 90% of the data and 99% of the computation off chain, enable 100,000s of transactions per second (Vitalik Buterin). By actively fighting and identifying emerging sources of centralization like “MEV” (Miners/Stakers Front-Running etc..) so they only exist for a limited time Ethereum is showing that with the right incentives in place human ingenuity can overcome Blockchain’s current challenges and fulfill its initial purpose: Individualism is funded and promoted by the public as a way to develop innovative and transformative applications of general-purpose that remain in public hands. Also published on: https://www.blocks-advisors.com/blog/achieving-decentralized-scale-eth-vs-btc-vs-algo

How to Achieve Decentralized Scale: ETH vs BTC vs ALGO

Top Rated E-Commerce Companies & Platforms Around the World As per the data shared by emarketer company, with the rise of m-commerce, the eCommerce industry has seen . High growth rate has seen not only in the USA or Europe but also in the Asia Pacific region. Read this post to know, how the eCommerce industry is growing all over the world and which are top commerce companies in the UK, USA, India, Australia, & Middle East. Additionally, you can read, which are the best e-commerce platforms to start an online business. unprecedented growth in the last 3–4 years 1. Which are the top 10 E-Commerce companies in the USA? USA e-retail market has grown by 24.8% in the previous years. Here is a graph by Statista, that shows the steady growth rate of ecommerce in the USA: Here are the names of USA top ecommerce companies · Walmart — Established in 1962 · Amazon — Established in 1994 · Overstock — Established in 1995 · Ebay — Established in 1995 · Best Buy — Established in 1966 · Wayfair — Established in 2002 · Macy’s — Established in 1858 · Costco — Established in 1983 · Apple — Established in 1976 · The Home Depot — Established in 1986 Data Source: https://www.emarketer.com/Chart/Top-10-US-Companies-Ranked-by-Retail-Ecommerce-Sales-Share-2018-of-US-retail-ecommerce-sales/220521 2. Which are the top 10 E-Commerce companies in India? Ecommerce sector is growing equally well in India. Here is a graph by statista, that shows the high growth rate of eCommerce industry in India: Here is a list of India’s top 10 ecommerce companies: Amazon India — Established in India in 2013 FlipKart — Established in 2007 Snapdeal — Established in 2007 Indiamart — Established in 1996 MakeMytrip — Established in 2000 Paytm — Established in 2010 Myntra — Established in 2007 BookMySHow — Established in 1999 Yatra — Established in 2006 Ebay India — Established in India in 1995 Data Source: https://www.fundoodata.com/learning-center/top-10-e-commerce-companies-india-2/ 3. Which are the top 10 E-Commerce companies in UAE? Have a look on the growth rate of eCommerce in the middle east countries: source: thenational.ae Here are the names of UAE’s top eCommerce companies: Souq — Established in 2005 Mumzworld — Established in 2011 Aido — Established in 2015 Jadopado Established in 2010 — Dubizzle — Established in 2005 Alshop- Established in 2008 Awok — Established in 2013 MarkaVip — Established in 2013 Axiomtelecom — Established in 1997 Data Source: https://www.go-gulf.ae/blog/ecommerce-sites-middle-east/ Must Read: Live the startup dream — Start your online business with these ready to launch ecommerce systems 4. Which are the top 10 E-Commerce companies in the UK? Ecommerce industry is booming in the UK and 87% of retail purchases have made online. Here is a graph by statista on UK’s eCommerce industry growth: UK’s top ecommerce companies Names: Amazon UK Boux Avenue — Founded in 2011 Play.com — Founded in 1997 Apple Tesco — Founded in 1919 Marks & Spencer- Founded in 1884 John Lewis — Founded in 1929 Superdry — Founded in 1929 Easy Jet — Founded in 1929 Farfetch UK — Founded in 2007 Data Source: https://blue-shark.co.uk/blog/top-10-uk-e-commerce-websites/ 15 of the UK's fastest-growing retailers - Insider Trends 5. Which are the top Ecommerce Companies in Australia? There is an exploding growth of eCommerce in Australia in the last 2 years. Fashion industry reported a 27% growth in 2017. Here is a graph that shows, the rise of users in the eCommerce industry year by year: Australia's top eCommerce companies names JB Hi-Fi — Founded in 1974 Ebay Australia — Founded in 1999 Amazon Australia — Launched in Australia in 2017 Office Works — Founded in 1994 Kogan — Founded in 2006 Woolworths — Founded in 1924 The Iconic — Founded in 2011 Red Balloon- Founded in 2001 Appliances Online Founded in 2005 — Dick Smith — Founded in 1968 Data Source: https://www.slideshare.net/cloudwayshosting/top-20-ecommerce-sites-in-australia 6. Which are the top Ecommerce Companies in Spain? As per the stats on eshopworld website, in 2022, there will be 30.50 million online shopper in Spain. Fashion industry is booming in Spain and has turnover of 5.5 billion euros. Here is a list of top ecommerce companies in Spain: Amazon Alibaba El Corte Inglés Ebay Mil Anunacios Pc Componentes Zalando Lets Bonus Zara Apple Data Source: https://www.export.gov/article?id=Spain-ecommerce 7. Which are the top Ecommerce Companies in Italy? Italy has over 19million online shoppers & most popular online industries in Italy are travel, information technology, & computer electronics. Here is a list of top 10 ecommerce companies in the Italy: Amazon Italy Ebay Italy Trovaprezzi Yoox Apple Kelkoo IBS Zalendo Euronics BonPrix Data Source: https://ecommercenews.eu/ecommerce-in-europe/ecommerce-italy/ How to Start an Online E-commerce Business? Considering the growth rate of eCommerce all over the world, it won’t wrong to say that starting an online eCommerce business is a win-win idea. First and foremost step while starting an online store is the selection of an eCommerce platform. This is where you can might be go wrong because you need to to start your online store. consider various factors while selecting an eCommerce platform Top Platforms to Start an Online Ecommerce Business: Here, I am sharing the list of best ecommerce platforms, by which you can start your online store quickly. Please note, all the below platforms are built to purpose different business requirements, so choose a platform that serves your needs best. — One of the best platforms to start an online retail store. Shopify — Best platform to start a similar to Amazon, eBay, Flipkart, at a minimal investment. A user-friendly platform for people who have little to no technical knowledge. YoKart multi-vendor ecommerce store - Highly recommended platform to start a large enterprise. Magento — Woocommerce could be your choice if you are looking to start a small scale online store on the WordPress. Woocommerce — A ready to launch platform to start an online grocery store swiftly at a small investment. Growcer — A tough competitor to shopify platform and often considered the best option for those who have little to no technical knowledge. Bigcommerce — With the slogan ‘We believe in the artist’, Big Cartel targets artists & other small-scale home-based businesses run by individuals. BigCartel — A cloud based ecommerce platform with a password free checkout Vtex — Start a food marketplace like Zomato, GrubHub, Just Eat with YoYumm multi-restaurant platform at a price of $499. YoYumm : Volusion platform caters to stores of a broad range of industries, and given its comprehensive list of in-built features and functionalities. Volusion Hope it helps you. If you believe, I have missed the name of any major eCommerce company or platform, please share in the comments. I would love to add to the post.

Top 10 E-Commerce Companies & Platforms Around the World

Streamline Your API Tests: Less is More TL;DR: Use primitive steps to verify API behavior instead of direct requests. Problems Unnecessary API calls
Slow test performance
Overcomplicated validations
Fragile tests
Slow feedback loops
Maintainability
Misleading test results Solutions Test primitive outcomes
Validate responses directly
Avoid extra API steps
Simplify test logic Context When you test an API, you might fall into the trap of using multiple API requests to verify a single operation. Making a POST and immediately making a GET to check the existence of the resource with the payload is a straightforward solution. This pattern adds complexity and makes your tests slower. Also, if your GET operation breaks, you will have many tests failing not relating to the test GET operation. The epitome of testing is a single broken test for a wrong behavior. Instead of verifying resource creation through a GET and inspecting the JSON response, you can focus on primitive steps. Check if the POST succeeded by validating the status code or checking the resource's existence. Sample Code Wrong Feature: Movie Management
  Scenario: Create a movie and verify
    When I send a POST request to "/movies" with the following data:
      | title     | director          | year |
      | Klendathu | Christopher Nolan | 2010 |
    When I send a GET request to "/movies/Klendathu"
    Then the response status should be 200
    And the response should contain:
      | title     | director          | year |
      | Klendathu | Christopher Nolan | 2010 | Right Feature: Movie Management
  Scenario: Create a movie and verify
    When I create a movie with the following details:
      | title      | director          | year |
      | Klendathu  | Christopher Nolan | 2010 |
    Then the movie "Klendathu" should exist in the system
    ## This is a low level existance postcondition
    ## Without relying on a GET request Detection [x]Semi-Automatic You can detect this smell when you see test steps that use a GET request to verify the success of a POST. Tags Testing Level [x]Intermediate AI Generation AI generators often create this smell when generating API tests, defaulting to chaining requests and validating the entire resource, rather than focusing on the operation's outcome. AI Detection AI tools can potentially detect this smell with proper instructions. You could train an AI to identify patterns of consecutive POST and GET requests in scenarios and suggest consolidating them into more abstract, primitive steps. Try Them! Remember: AI Assistants make lots of mistakes Without Proper Instructions

With Specific Instructions



ChatGPT

ChatGPT



Claude

Claude



Perplexity

Perplexity



Copilot

Copilot



Gemini

Gemini Conclusion Focus your acceptance tests on the direct results of operations like POST. Avoid making a GET request afterward to verify what you already know. Relations https://hackernoon.com/code-smell-259-control-your-environment-to-avoid-test-failures?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-vi-cmj31om?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-xi-sit35t1 More Info https://hackernoon.com/fail-fast-philosophy-explained-si963vk9?embedable=true Disclaimer Code Smells are my opinion. Credits Photo by Dmitriy Demidov on Unsplash As a rule, software systems do not work well until they have been used, and have failed repeatedly, in real applications. Dave Parnas https://hackernoon.com/400-thought-provoking-software-engineering-quotes?embedable=true This article is part of the CodeSmell Series. How to Find the Stinky Parts of your Code Streamline Your API Tests: Less is More Streamline Your API Tests: Less is More TL;DR: Use primitive steps to verify API behavior instead of direct requests. TL;DR: Use primitive steps to verify API behavior instead of direct requests. Problems Unnecessary API calls Slow test performance Overcomplicated validations Fragile tests Slow feedback loops Maintainability Misleading test results Unnecessary API calls Slow test performance Overcomplicated validations Fragile tests Fragile tests Slow feedback loops Slow Maintainability Misleading test results Solutions Test primitive outcomes Validate responses directly Avoid extra API steps Simplify test logic Test primitive outcomes Validate responses directly Avoid extra API steps Simplify test logic Context When you test an API, you might fall into the trap of using multiple API requests to verify a single operation. Making a POST and immediately making a GET to check the existence of the resource with the payload is a straightforward solution. POST GET This pattern adds complexity and makes your tests slower. Also, if your GET operation breaks, you will have many tests failing not relating to the test GET operation. GET GET The epitome of testing is a single broken test for a wrong behavior. Instead of verifying resource creation through a GET and inspecting the JSON response, you can focus on primitive steps. GET Check if the POST succeeded by validating the status code or checking the resource's existence. POST Sample Code Wrong Feature: Movie Management
  Scenario: Create a movie and verify
    When I send a POST request to "/movies" with the following data:
      | title     | director          | year |
      | Klendathu | Christopher Nolan | 2010 |
    When I send a GET request to "/movies/Klendathu"
    Then the response status should be 200
    And the response should contain:
      | title     | director          | year |
      | Klendathu | Christopher Nolan | 2010 | Feature: Movie Management
  Scenario: Create a movie and verify
    When I send a POST request to "/movies" with the following data:
      | title     | director          | year |
      | Klendathu | Christopher Nolan | 2010 |
    When I send a GET request to "/movies/Klendathu"
    Then the response status should be 200
    And the response should contain:
      | title     | director          | year |
      | Klendathu | Christopher Nolan | 2010 | Right Feature: Movie Management
  Scenario: Create a movie and verify
    When I create a movie with the following details:
      | title      | director          | year |
      | Klendathu  | Christopher Nolan | 2010 |
    Then the movie "Klendathu" should exist in the system
    ## This is a low level existance postcondition
    ## Without relying on a GET request Feature: Movie Management
  Scenario: Create a movie and verify
    When I create a movie with the following details:
      | title      | director          | year |
      | Klendathu  | Christopher Nolan | 2010 |
    Then the movie "Klendathu" should exist in the system
    ## This is a low level existance postcondition
    ## Without relying on a GET request Detection [x]Semi-Automatic [x] Semi-Automatic [x] You can detect this smell when you see test steps that use a GET request to verify the success of a POST . GET POST Tags Testing Testing Level [x]Intermediate [x] Intermediate [x] AI Generation AI generators often create this smell when generating API tests, defaulting to chaining requests and validating the entire resource, rather than focusing on the operation's outcome. AI Detection AI tools can potentially detect this smell with proper instructions. You could train an AI to identify patterns of consecutive POST and GET requests in scenarios and suggest consolidating them into more abstract, primitive steps. POST GET Try Them! Remember: AI Assistants make lots of mistakes Remember: AI Assistants make lots of mistakes Without Proper Instructions

With Specific Instructions



ChatGPT

ChatGPT



Claude

Claude



Perplexity

Perplexity



Copilot

Copilot



Gemini

Gemini Without Proper Instructions

With Specific Instructions ChatGPT

ChatGPT Claude

Claude Perplexity

Perplexity Copilot

Copilot Gemini

Gemini Without Proper Instructions With Specific Instructions Without Proper Instructions Without Proper Instructions With Specific Instructions With Specific Instructions ChatGPT ChatGPT ChatGPT ChatGPT ChatGPT ChatGPT ChatGPT ChatGPT Claude Claude Claude Claude Claude Claude Claude Claude Perplexity Perplexity Perplexity Perplexity Perplexity Perplexity Perplexity Perplexity Copilot Copilot Copilot Copilot Copilot Copilot Copilot Copilot Gemini Gemini Gemini Gemini Gemini Gemini Gemini Gemini Conclusion Focus your acceptance tests on the direct results of operations like POST . POST Avoid making a GET request afterward to verify what you already know. Relations https://hackernoon.com/code-smell-259-control-your-environment-to-avoid-test-failures?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/code-smell-259-control-your-environment-to-avoid-test-failures?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-vi-cmj31om?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-vi-cmj31om?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-xi-sit35t1 https://hackernoon.com/how-to-find-the-stinky-parts-of-your-code-part-xi-sit35t1 More Info https://hackernoon.com/fail-fast-philosophy-explained-si963vk9?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/fail-fast-philosophy-explained-si963vk9?embedable=true Disclaimer Code Smells are my opinion . opinion Credits Photo by Dmitriy Demidov on Unsplash Dmitriy Demidov Unsplash As a rule, software systems do not work well until they have been used, and have failed repeatedly, in real applications. As a rule, software systems do not work well until they have been used, and have failed repeatedly, in real applications. Dave Parnas Dave Parnas https://hackernoon.com/400-thought-provoking-software-engineering-quotes?embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/400-thought-provoking-software-engineering-quotes?embedable=true This article is part of the CodeSmell Series. How to Find the Stinky Parts of your Code How to Find the Stinky Parts of your Code

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