The real effects of changes in public transport networks are complex and often estimated on the basis of incomplete data, which increases the risk of poor decisions

triply

This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: (1) Terence Blésin, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (2) Wil Kao, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (3) Anat Siddharth, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (4) Alaina Attanasio, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (5) Hao Tian, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (6) Sunil A. Bhave, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (7) Tobias J. Kippenberg, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL). Table of Links Introduction Results A. Physics and design B. Device characterization C. Bidirectional microwave-optical transduction D. Pulsed transduction Discussion Acknowledgments Appendix A: Theory Appendix B: Fabrication process flow Appendix C: Optical characterization Appendix D: Characterization of acoustic resonances Appendix E: Characterization of bidirectional transduction Appendix F: Optimization of optical extraction efficiency Appendix A: Theory 1. Coupled mode theory for optical modes hybridization Using a pair of optical resonances increases the intracavity photon number for a given input optical power, resulting in an enhanced optomechanical interaction. Such an optical doublet is implemented here by evanescently coupling two micro-rings, forming a photonic molecule. Consider two bare optical modes with resonance frequencies ωl and ωr that correspond to the left and right micro-rings, respectively. The two modes couple with a rate J, which yields the Hamiltonian [1] and the equations of motion With Laplace transform, they can be rewritten in frequency domain as 2. Transducer Hamiltonian and input-output relations In terms of bare micro-ring modes, the transducer Hamiltonian is given by Note that the piezo-coupled acoustic mode interacts with only one of the micro-rings. To compute quantities directly related to the experiments, we rewrite the Hamiltonian in terms of the supermodes (Appendix A 1) as Finally, by defining effective optomechanical coupling rates and going into a rotating frame defined by the operator we have in the interaction picture. The time evolution of the bosonic modes can be computed using the Heisenberg-Langevin equations given by We can move to the frequency domain by using the Fourier transform along with the properties We then have 3. Conversion efficiency and added noise For the following analysis, we consider the triply resonant configuration where ω+ −ω− = ωm and the optical pump is on resonance with one of the optical supermodes. First, we consider the anti-Stokes configuration where ∆− = 0 and ∆+ = −ωm. From Eq. A24, we have the input-output relation The equations of motion is given by 4. Estimation of correlated microwave-optical pair generation rates Equations A40 and A43 suggest that entangled pairs of microwave and optical photons can be generated in the Stokes configuration since it gives rise to an effective two-mode squeezing Hamiltonian [3–5]. In order to verify that the HBAR transducer can generate entangled pairs of microwave and optical photons, we compute the on-chip pair generation rate, expected to be equal to the output photon flux from the lower frequency optical mode as in standard spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) scheme. Integrating over the transduction bandwidth, we have In practice, the pump laser should be filtered for the optical output to be dominated by heralding photons, and other losses from the measurement setup can further reduce the effective rate. For η oc = 7.9×10−5 , κ− = 2π×300 MHz and κm = 2π × 10 MHz, this would corresponds to an on-chip pair generation rate of 190 Hz. Losses in the measurement chain will have to be accounted for to estimate the count rate at the detector. In order to measure entanglement between the microwave and optical fields, the on-chip rate must be higher than the thermal decoherence rate of the acoustic mode κmnth,m(ωm), where the thermal occupancy nth,m(ωm) is given by the Bose-Einstein distribution. For ωm = 2π×3.5 GHz and κm = 2π×10 MHz, the decoherence rate at 800 mK is 43 MHz and 0.5 Hz at 10 mK. Therefore, the transducer needs to be operated in the mixing chamber of the dilution refrigerator, with a pulsed pump to reduce heat load. The total rate of optical heralding is hence gated by the pump duty cycle.

Bidirectional Microwave-optical Transduction Based on Integration: Appendix A: Theory

This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: (1) Terence Blésin, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (2) Wil Kao, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (3) Anat Siddharth, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (4) Alaina Attanasio, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (5) Hao Tian, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (6) Sunil A. Bhave, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (7) Tobias J. Kippenberg, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL). Table of Links Introduction Results A. Physics and design B. Device characterization C. Bidirectional microwave-optical transduction D. Pulsed transduction Discussion Acknowledgments Appendix A: Theory Appendix B: Fabrication process flow Appendix C: Optical characterization Appendix D: Characterization of acoustic resonances Appendix E: Characterization of bidirectional transduction Appendix F: Optimization of optical extraction efficiency III. DISCUSSION Non-classically correlated microwave-optical photon pairs can be generated through spontaneous parametric down-conversion in our transducer. These correlated photon pairs constitute a key ingredient toward entangling distant quantum processors via the Duan-LukinCirac-Zoller protocol [4, 45]. With the current device parameters, the pair generation rate on chip amounts to 190 Hz, which is well above the thermal decoherence rate for 3.5 GHz at 10 mK as explained in Appendix A 4. However, losses in the measurement setup specific to such an experiment, as well as the gating of the optical pump required to alleviate the effective heat load, are expected to limit further the final heralding rate. Quasi-free-standing structures, such as 1D OMCs, do not readily thermalize and are thus more susceptible to heating effects. Even though our transducer also utilizes a suspended acoustic resonator, it may be feasible to operate at a higher duty cycle than what is presented in Fig. 4. It has been shown that a buffer gas environment can facilitate thermalization of a 1D OMC, at the cost of increased damping of the mechanical breathing mode [46]. On the contrary, the HBAR mode of interest here should be relatively insensitive to such viscous damping, as the acoustic wave propagates predominantly along the longitudinal direction inside the cladding. Therefore, a sample cell affixed to the mixing chamber flange and filled with buffer superfluid helium—an inviscid fluid that is both an excellent thermal conductor and electrical insulator—could potentially improve the heralding rate without hampering the conversion efficiency [47]. The present design is also suited for tasks beyond quantum state transfer. The transducer can be a key component of photonic interconnects for superconducting qubits [7, 8], where laser lights routed through optical fibers are used to encode microwave signals directly inside the dilution refrigerator during qubit readout. It may be challenging for traveling-wave EOMs to attain the requisite half-wave voltage to be competitive in noise performance against conventional all-electrical readout scheme utilizing high-electron-mobility transistor amplifiers [8]. Our triply resonant approach affords a path towards a scalable optically controlled cryogenic waveform generator for both qubit readout and control. The multimode nature of the transducer is particularly suited for frequency-multiplexed dispersive readout. Transduction leveraging multiple HBAR modes is already demonstrated in Fig. 3e. One can additionally utilize line-type instead of point-type dimer coupling for the photonic molecule, which gives rise to a dispersion in the supermode splitting [48]. In combination with the multitude of acoustic overtones, a single transducer can therefore support several spectrally distinguishable triply resonant systems that serve as qubit multiplex channels. Finally, since the transducer requires no superconducting element to function, it may be pertinent for applications in classical microwave photonics. Optimization of design and fabrication should engender further improvement on device performance. The conversion efficiency, proportional to microwave extraction efficiency (Eq. 2), can be improved by replacing AlN with scandium-doped AlN [49], which features a piezoelectric coefficient d33 about five times larger than AlN [50, 51] while preserving CMOS compatibility. There is likewise additional upside on the photonics (Appendix C 1). Bending radiation loss can be significantly reduced by increasing the micro-ring radius r. In particular, intrinsic quality factor exceeding 107 has been demonstrated with an r approximately ten times larger using the same fabrication process [52]. It may be anticipated that the efficiency gain here may be chiefly compensated by the reduction in optomechanical coupling rate g0 ∼ 1/ √ r. Nevertheless, by thinning the waveguide to 200 nm that approaches half of the acoustic wavelength, g0 is expected to remain unchanged. As in the thick-core waveguide fabricated using the photonic Damascene process, such a thin-core waveguide on a subtractive manufacturing platform is expected to exhibit negligible bending loss [53]. Assuming critical coupling conditions (Appendix F), we therefore expect another 1.5- time gain in η tot. Finally, optical insertion loss can be nearly eliminated by employing a spot-size converter to facilitate mode-matching with lensed fiber [54–56]. Combining these improvements, our transducer could achieve a total efficiency η tot = 6 × 10−3 . In conclusion, we have designed, fabricated, and characterized a compact piezo-optomechanical microwaveoptical transducer that integrates wafer-scale, CMOScompatible HBAR and Si3N4 photonic technologies. Free of any superconducting components, this triply resonant transducer attains a bidirectional off-chip photon number conversion efficiency of 1.6 × 10−5 and a bandwidth of 25 MHz, with an input pump power of 21 dBm at room temperature. Multimode transduction leveraging distinct HBAR modes have been demonstrated, suggesting prospects for designing frequency-multiplexed photonic interconnects for superconducting qubits. Realistic design and fabrication improvements may even allow access to experiments in the quantum regime.

Bidirectional Microwave-optical Transduction Based on Integration: Discussion

This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: (1) Terence Blésin, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (2) Wil Kao, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (3) Anat Siddharth, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (4) Alaina Attanasio, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (5) Hao Tian, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (6) Sunil A. Bhave, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (7) Tobias J. Kippenberg, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL). Table of Links Introduction Results A. Physics and design B. Device characterization C. Bidirectional microwave-optical transduction D. Pulsed transduction Discussion Acknowledgments Appendix A: Theory Appendix B: Fabrication process flow Appendix C: Optical characterization Appendix D: Characterization of acoustic resonances Appendix E: Characterization of bidirectional transduction Appendix F: Optimization of optical extraction efficiency C. Bidirectional microwave-optical transduction We measure the off-chip efficiency η tot of the microwave-to-optical (up-conversion) and optical-tomicrowave (down-conversion) processes as a function of off-chip CW input optical pump power Pin. Compared to the on-chip efficiency η oc, this efficiency also accounts for the loss channels of the microwave and optical ports. First, we study the transducer in the triply resonant configuration. For up-conversion, the optical sideband generated from the microwave input, detuned by ωin = ωm from the pump frequency, is measured via a self-calibrated heterodyne detection method. The off-chip optical output containing both the pump (ωL) and the sideband (ωs) is combined with a local oscillator (LO; ωLO) and detected. By placing the LO at a frequency ωLO = (ωL + ωs) /2 + δ such that the photodetector response is constant over a frequency span of δ, we determine the sideband power relative to the pump. Picking off a fraction of the optical output then enables the determination of its absolute power and, by extension, that of the sideband with a power meter. The measured optical sideband power is compared to that of the microwave input to yield η tot. In the case of down-conversion, the optical input is generated by modulating the phase of the pump with an electrooptic modulator (EOM) driven by a microwave source of frequency ωEOM = ωm. Only one of the resulting sidebands is admitted into the photonic molecule and transduced, as the other is far off-resonance. The converted microwave power is directly probed with an electrical spectrum analyzer (ESA). Summarized in Figs. 3a and c, bidirectional transduction processes corresponding to both the effective beam-splitter (ωL = ω−; anti-Stokes) and two-mode-squeezing (ωL = ω+; Stokes) interactions are investigated. We reach a maximal η tot of −48 dB at 21 dBm pump for each configuration. Knowing the port losses, we estimate an on-chip efficiency η oc = −41 dB (Appendix E). Accounting for the extraction efficiency η ext, we further obtain an internal conversion efficiency η int = 2 × 10−3 from Eq. 2. Furthermore, we deviate from triple resonance to map out the transduction bandwidth. First, for a pump still resonant with one of the optical supermodes, the input microwave frequency ωin and input optical detuning (controlled by EOM drive frequency ωEOM) are varied for up- and down-conversion, respectively. Shown in Fig. 3b and d, transduction leveraging the main transduction mode exhibits a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 25 MHz. The multimode nature of the transducer is further manifest in Fig. 3e, where the pump is in the beam-splitter configuration but slightly detuned from aˆ−. An additional transduction peak in η tot with a FWHM of 10 MHz is observed around ωin = 2π × 3.165 GHz, which corresponds to another HBAR one FSR away from the main transduction mode ωm = 2π × 3.480 GHz. The engineering degrees of freedom such as cladding and actuator thickness (HBAR FSR), and optical dispersion (supermode splitting as a function of optical wavelength) in the present system offer possibilities for frequencymultiplexed transduction.

Bidirectional Microwave-optical Transduction Based on Integration: C. Bidirectional

This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: (1) Terence Blésin, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (2) Wil Kao, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (3) Anat Siddharth, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (4) Alaina Attanasio, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (5) Hao Tian, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (6) Sunil A. Bhave, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (7) Tobias J. Kippenberg, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL). Table of Links Introduction Results A. Physics and design B. Device characterization C. Bidirectional microwave-optical transduction D. Pulsed transduction Discussion Acknowledgments Appendix A: Theory Appendix B: Fabrication process flow Appendix C: Optical characterization Appendix D: Characterization of acoustic resonances Appendix E: Characterization of bidirectional transduction Appendix F: Optimization of optical extraction efficiency B. Device characterization We perform metrological characterization to affirm the integrity of the stack. Shown in Fig. 2a, the region of suspended cladding is first identified through optical micrography; the released substrate below leads to a contrast in the image. To further access the layer structure, we use focused ion beam milling to create an opening on the device surface at the suspension site. This opening provides sufficient clearance to directly image the cladding acoustic resonator, pictured in Fig. 2b, confirming the removal of silicon. We then characterize the transducer as an optoelectronic network with one microwave port, two optical ports, and one auxiliary electrical DC port. Each optical port comprises an edge-coupled lensed fiber and on-chip bus waveguide terminated by 1D nanotapers designed for TE-polarized light, yielding a fiber-to-fiber coupling efficiency of −8 dB. For adjusting the frequency splitting between optical supermodes, a bias voltage is applied to the DC port to drive either the piezoelectric actuator [44] or an integrated thermo-optic heater placed in the vicinity of the micro-rings (Appendix C 2). The former affords no additional heat load and is hence cryogenic-compatible, whereas the latter provides an easy alternative for fast room-temperature characterization. The avoided mode crossing characteristic of a photonic molecule is exemplified in Fig. 2c. We access the HBARs through the microwave port. Calibrated high-frequency probes are used to contact the top and bottom electrode pads of the piezoelectric actuator, effectively linking the acoustic resonator with a transmission line. The reflection spectrum (Fig. 2d) reveals predominantly one single series of HBARs with a free spectral range (FSR) of 320 MHz, which corresponds to the acoustic length of the cladding. The transduction acoustic mode at 3.48 GHz exhibits a typical total linewidth of 13 MHz with a microwave extraction efficiency of κex,m/κm ≈ 11%. The microwave response is distinct from that of an identical stack composition with unreleased substrate. There, a periodic envelope corresponding to the cladding modes that are more strongly coupled to the microwave is superimposed over the full-stack HBAR response (Appendix D and Ref. [40]). The absence of these full-stack modes provide another piece of evidence of successful cladding suspension. Finally, we study the device acousto-optic response in the triply resonant configuration, where the transducer effectively operates as a resonant single-sideband modulator. The optical output containing both the pump at the symmetric-mode frequency and generated sideband at the antisymmetric-mode frequency are mixed by a photodetector. Such a beat-note spectrum shown in Fig. 2e displays response peaks aligned with the HBAR frequencies in Fig. 2d, demonstrating three-wave mixing.

Bidirectional Microwave-optical Transduction Based on Integration: B. Device Characterization

This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: (1) Terence Blésin, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (2) Wil Kao, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (3) Anat Siddharth, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (4) Alaina Attanasio, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (5) Hao Tian, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (6) Sunil A. Bhave, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (7) Tobias J. Kippenberg, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL). Table of Links Introduction Results A. Physics and design B. Device characterization C. Bidirectional microwave-optical transduction D. Pulsed transduction Discussion Acknowledgments Appendix A: Theory Appendix B: Fabrication process flow Appendix C: Optical characterization Appendix D: Characterization of acoustic resonances Appendix E: Characterization of bidirectional transduction Appendix F: Optimization of optical extraction efficiency II. RESULTS A. Physics and design Figure 1 delineates the principle of operation of the present transducer, while the theoretical formalism is detailed in Appendix A. The requisite nonlinear interaction for microwave-optical transduction is a parametric threewave mixing process described by standard optomechanical Hamiltonian Through the bilinear piezoelectric interaction, the acoustic resonance (ˆb) is coupled to the itinerant transmission line mode (cˆin) of the same frequency ωin = ωm ≈ 3.5 GHz. This frequency matches the detuning of the optical pump from the optical resonance (aˆ). Specifically, an optical pump addressing the red (blue) side of the resonance induces an effective beam-splitter (two-modesqueezing) interaction between aˆ and ˆb, as illustrated by the signal flow graph in Fig. 1a (1b). The primary figure of merit for a transducer is its efficiency, defined as the number of output photon number for each input photon. An efficient device necessitates strong nonlinear interaction between the modes of interest, as well as ease of coupling to these modes internal to the device. Our design addresses these two aspects. First, the internal efficiency, depends solely on the three-wave mixing cooperativity C = 4g 2 0n/¯ (κoκm). Here, n¯, κo, and κm denote the photon number in the optical cavity, and the total optical and acoustic linewidths of the transduction modes respectively. The single photon optomechanical coupling rate g0 = − (∂ωa/∂x) xZPF, a product of the optical cavity frequency-pull parameter and zero-point displacement of the acoustic wave. In Eq. 1, the plus and minus signs in the denominator correspond to the scenario where the pump is red- and blue-detuned (“anti-Stokes” and “Stokes” processes), respectively. Using a triply resonant configuration as in Refs. [26–29] enhances the intracavity photon number n¯ for a given off-chip input pump power Pin, or corresponding photon flux n˙ in = Pin/ (ℏωL). The improved photon pumping efficiency can be explicitly seen by considering a “hot” cavity with coupling rate κex,o driven at a detuning ∆ = ±ωm, yielding

Bidirectional Microwave-optical Transduction Based on Integration: A. Physics and Design

This paper is available on arxiv under CC 4.0 license. Authors: (1) Terence Blésin, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (2) Wil Kao, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (3) Anat Siddharth, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL); (4) Alaina Attanasio, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (5) Hao Tian, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (6) Sunil A. Bhave, OxideMEMS lab, Purdue University; (7) Tobias J. Kippenberg, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) & Center of Quantum Science and Engineering (EPFL). Table of Links Introduction Results A. Physics and design B. Device characterization C. Bidirectional microwave-optical transduction D. Pulsed transduction Discussion Acknowledgments Appendix A: Theory Appendix B: Fabrication process flow Appendix C: Optical characterization Appendix D: Characterization of acoustic resonances Appendix E: Characterization of bidirectional transduction Appendix F: Optimization of optical extraction efficiency Coherent interconversion between microwave and optical frequencies can serve as both classical and quantum interfaces for computing, communication, and sensing. Here, we present a compact microwave-optical transducer based on monolithic integration of piezoelectric actuators atop silicon nitride photonic circuits. Such an actuator directly couples microwave signals to a high-overtone bulk acoustic resonator defined by the suspended silica cladding of the optical waveguide core, which leads to enhanced electromechanical and optomechanical couplings. At room temperature, this triply resonant piezo-optomechanical transducer achieves an off-chip photon number conversion efficiency of 1.6 × 10−5 over a bandwidth of 25 MHz at an input pump power of 21 dBm. The approach is scalable in manufacturing and, unlike existing electro-optic transducers, does not rely on superconducting resonators. As the transduction process is bidirectional, we further demonstrate synthesis of microwave pulses from a purely optical input. Combined with the capability of leveraging multiple acoustic modes for transduction, the present platform offers prospects for building frequency-multiplexed qubit interconnects and for microwave photonics at large. I. INTRODUCTION Modern data centers have seen rapidly increasing traffic that motivates an overhaul of existing network infrastructures. As optical fibers support nearly lossless transport and high bandwidths, twisted-pair copper deployment has shrunk in favor of optical interconnects. Energy-efficient optical transceivers [1] and optical network architectures [2] are being explored in parallel to accommodate emerging data- and resource-intensive applications. In an analogous fashion, processing quantum information in superconducting circuits and networking via photonic interconnects has been envisioned as an effective strategy to address the scalability challenges in advancing quantum technologies [3–5]. The scheme, featuring the full universal set of microwave quantum gates [6] with vanishing thermal occupancy and loss of the optical channels, calls for the development of microwaveoptical transducers to bridge the two energy scales that differ by more than four orders of magnitude. Aside from facilitating the networking of remote quantum processors, these transducers may enable fully optical control and readout of microwave qubits [7, 8]. The subsequent replacement of coaxial lines bridging room temperature and cryogenic environments by optical fibers is expected to significantly ease the space and heat load constraints in dilution refrigerators, opening up a path toward upscaling processor units housed in a single fridge. Efficient frequency conversion requires a nonlinear interaction stronger than the coupling to loss channels. The highest conversion efficiency to date has been achieved using an electro-optomechanical approach [9]. There, a silicon nitride membrane interacts with an optical mode of a free-space Fabry-Pérot cavity via radiation pressure and simultaneously serves as the top plate of a capacitor, parametrically coupling the mechanics to the microwave resonator. By virtue of the high resonator quality factors and pump power handling capability, 47% of input photons can be interconverted between optical and microwave domains [10], approaching the 50% efficiency required for attaining finite quantum capacity [11]. This highly efficient transducer has enabled optical dispersive qubit readout with negligible excess backaction [12]. The low-frequency (MHz) mechanical intermediary nevertheless limits the transduction bandwidth and leads to appreciable added noise even at dilution refrigerator temperature. To address these drawbacks, piezo-optomechanical transducers based on optomechanical crystals (OMC) have been developed [13–22], where a tightly confined high-frequency (GHz) mechanical mode and a co-localized optical mode can interact at a vacuum optomechanical coupling rate g0 ∼ 2π × 500 kHz. The trade-off lies instead in the sophistication required for microwave-phonon wave matching that significantly increases design complexity, as well as thermo-optic instability that constrains the intra-cavity photon number. An on-chip efficiency of 5% has recently been reported on such a platform [20]. However, low thermal conductance of these suspended quasi-one-dimensional structures hinders correlated microwave-optical photon pair generation at a practical rate. Cavity electro-optic modulators constitute a conceptually simpler approach where Pockels effect directly mediates microwave-optical interaction [23–25]. On-chip realizations employing planar superconducting microwave resonators, benefited from the deep sub-wavelength mode volume of the vacuum electric field, to reach single photon electro-optic coupling rates g0 ∼ 2π × 1 kHz [26– 29]. However, the material science of χ (2) crystals poses additional challenges. Photorefractive effects—observed, for instance, in LiNbO3 thin films [30]—hamper optical power handling, while piezoelectric loss and scattered optical photons degrade the quality factor of superconducting resonators [31, 32]. The difficulty of producing smooth sidewall surfaces in the workhorse Pockels material, LiNbO3 , through dry etching results in propagation losses an order of magnitude above the absorption limit [33]. As a result, the maximum on-chip efficiency achieved with integrated electro-optic transducers exceeds just 2% [26]. In the spirit of Ref. [9], a bulk transducer comprising a mm-size mechanically polished LiNbO3 whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator coupled to a 3D superconducting microwave cavity has proved competitive, trading g0 for improved power handling and quality factors [34, 35]. Taking one step further with pulsed optical pumping, the system has demonstrated not only a hallmark 14.4% total efficiency but also electro-optic dynamical backaction [36, 37] and microwave-optical quadrature entanglement [38]. With the aforementioned design trade-offs in mind, we present a new piezo-optomechanical transducer based solely on wafer-scale, CMOS-compatible fabrication processes. We utilize a low-loss silicon nitride (Si3N4 ) photonic molecule, as well as multiple GHz high-overtone bulk acoustic resonances (HBAR) parametrically coupled to the optical modes. Endowed with power handling capabilities superior to existing integrated transducers, the device fits compactly within a 100 µm-by-50 µm footprint, in contrast to state-of-the-art bulk designs [10, 36]. In addition, the transduction HBAR modes are more readily coupled to the microwave signal, unlike OMC transducers. We demonstrate bidirectional microwave-optical transduction with a bandwidth of 25 MHz and total efficiency up to 1.6 × 10−5 by pumping with 21 dBm of off-chip optical power in continuous-wave (CW) operation. The device is also characterized with a pulsed optical pump, which constitutes the first step toward optical control and readout of qubits, as well as heralded microwave-optical photon pair generation. The simple design, ease of fabrication, robust operation, and compact form factor anticipate wide applicability in quantum technologies and microwave photonics at large.

Bidirectional Microwave-optical Transduction Based on Integration: Introduction

Christian Science by Mark Twain, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE PASTOR-UNIVERSAL here THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE PASTOR-UNIVERSAL When Mrs. Eddy turned the pastors out of all the Christian Science churches and abolished the office for all time as far as human occupancy is concerned—she appointed the Holy Ghost to fill their place. If this language be blasphemous, I did not invent the blasphemy, I am merely stating a fact. I will quote from page 227 of Science and Health (edition 1899), as a first step towards an explanation of this startling matter—a passage which sets forth and classifies the Christian Science Trinity: “Life, Truth, and Love constitute the triune God, or triply divine Principle. They represent a trinity in unity, three in one—the same in essence, though multiform in office: God the Father; Christ the type of Sonship; Divine Science, or the Holy Comforter.... “The Holy Ghost, or Spirit, reveals this triune Principle, and (the Holy Ghost) is expressed in Divine Science, which is the Comforter, leading into all Truth, and revealing the divine Principle of the universe—universal and perpetual harmony.” I will cite another passage. Speaking of Jesus— “His students then received the Holy Ghost. By this is meant, that by all they had witnessed and suffered they were roused to an enlarged understanding of Divine Science, even to the spiritual interpretation.. ... of His teachings,” etc. Also, page 579, in the chapter called the Glossary: “HOLY GHOST. Divine Science; the developments of Life, Truth, and Love.” The Holy Ghost reveals the massed spirit of the fused trinity; this massed spirit is expressed in Divine Science, and is the Comforter; Divine Science conveys to men the “spiritual interpretation” of the Saviour's teachings. That seems to be the meaning of the quoted passages. Divine Science is Christian Science; the book “Science and Health” is a “revelation” of the whole spirit of the Trinity, and is therefore “The Holy Ghost”; it conveys to men the “spiritual interpretation” of the Bible's teachings and therefore is “the Comforter.” I do not find this analyzing work easy, I would rather saw wood; and a person can never tell whether he has added up a Science and Health sum right or not, anyway, after all his trouble. Neither can he easily find out whether the texts are still on the market or have been discarded from the Book; for two hundred and fifty-eight editions of it have been issued, and no two editions seem to be alike. The annual changes—in technical terminology; in matter and wording; in transpositions of chapters and verses; in leaving out old chapters and verses and putting in new ones—seem to be next to innumerable, and as there is no index, there is no way to find a thing one wants without reading the book through. If ever I inspire a Bible-Annex I will not rush at it in a half-digested, helter-skelter way and have to put in thirty-eight years trying to get some of it the way I want it, I will sit down and think it out and know what it is I want to say before I begin. An inspirer cannot inspire for Mrs. Eddy and keep his reputation. I have never seen such slipshod work, bar the ten that interpreted for the home market the “sell all thou hast.” I have quoted one “spiritual” rendering of the Lord's Prayer, I have seen one other one, and am told there are five more. Yet the inspirer of Mrs. Eddy the new Infallible casts a complacent critical stone at the other Infallible for being unable to make up its mind about such things. Science and Health, edition 1899, page 33: “The decisions, by vote of Church Councils, as to what should and should not be considered Holy Writ, the manifest mistakes in the ancient versions: the thirty thousand different readings in the Old Testament and the three hundred thousand in the New—these facts show how a mortal and material sense stole into the divine record, darkening, to some extent, the inspired pages with its own hue.” To some extent, yes—speaking cautiously. But it is nothing, really nothing; Mrs. Eddy is only a little way behind, and if her inspirer lives to get her Annex to suit him that Catholic record will have to “go 'way back and set down,” as the ballad says. Listen to the boastful song of Mrs. Eddy's organ, the Christian Science Journal for March, 1902, about that year's revamping and half-soling of Science and Health, whose official name is the Holy Ghost, the Comforter, and who is now the Official Pastor and Infallible and Unerring Guide of every Christian Science church in the two hemispheres, hear Simple Simon that met the pieman brag of the Infallible's fallibility: “Throughout the entire book the verbal changes are so numerous as to indicate the vast amount of time and labor Mrs. Eddy has devoted to this revision. The time and labor thus bestowed is relatively as great as that of—the committee who revised the Bible.... Thus we have additional evidence of the herculean efforts our beloved Leader has made and is constantly making for the promulgation of Truth and the furtherance of her divinely bestowed mission,” etc. It is a steady job. I could help inspire if desired; I am not doing much now, and would work for half-price, and should not object to the country. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Mark Twain (2004). Christian Science. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved October 2022 https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/3187/pg3187-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE PASTOR-UNIVERSAL

Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar by Edgar Rice Burroughs, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book here . La Seeks Vengeance La Seeks Vengeance Swinging back through the jungle in a wide circle the ape-man came to the river at another point, drank and took to the trees again and while he hunted, all oblivious of his past and careless of his future, there came through the dark jungles and the open, parklike places and across the wide meadows, where grazed the countless herbivora of the mysterious continent, a weird and terrible caravan in search of him. There were fifty frightful men with hairy bodies and gnarled and crooked legs. They were armed with knives and great bludgeons and at their head marched an almost naked woman, beautiful beyond compare. It was La of Opar, High Priestess of the Flaming God, and fifty of her horrid priests searching for the purloiner of the sacred sacrificial knife. Never before had La passed beyond the crumbling outer walls of Opar; but never before had need been so insistent. The sacred knife was gone! Handed down through countless ages it had come to her as a heritage and an insignia of her religious office and regal authority from some long-dead progenitor of lost and forgotten Atlantis. The loss of the crown jewels or the Great Seal of England could have brought no greater consternation to a British king than did the pilfering of the sacred knife bring to La, the Oparian, Queen and High Priestess of the degraded remnants of the oldest civilization upon earth. When Atlantis, with all her mighty cities and her cultivated fields and her great commerce and culture and riches sank into the sea long ages since, she took with her all but a handful of her colonists working the vast gold mines of Central Africa. From these and their degraded slaves and a later intermixture of the blood of the anthropoids sprung the gnarled men of Opar; but by some queer freak of fate, aided by natural selection, the old Atlantean strain had remained pure and undegraded in the females descended from a single princess of the royal house of Atlantis who had been in Opar at the time of the great catastrophe. Such was La. Burning with white-hot anger was the High Priestess, her heart a seething, molten mass of hatred for Tarzan of the Apes. The zeal of the religious fanatic whose altar has been desecrated was triply enhanced by the rage of a woman scorned. Twice had she thrown her heart at the feet of the godlike ape-man and twice had she been repulsed. La knew that she was beautiful—and she was beautiful, not by the standards of prehistoric Atlantis alone, but by those of modern times was La physically a creature of perfection. Before Tarzan came that first time to Opar, La had never seen a human male other than the grotesque and knotted men of her clan. With one of these she must mate sooner or later that the direct line of high priestesses might not be broken, unless Fate should bring other men to Opar. Before Tarzan came upon his first visit, La had had no thought that such men as he existed, for she knew only her hideous little priests and the bulls of the tribe of great anthropoids that had dwelt from time immemorial in and about Opar, until they had come to be looked upon almost as equals by the Oparians. Among the legends of Opar were tales of godlike men of the olden time and of black men who had come more recently; but these latter had been enemies who killed and robbed. And, too, these legends always held forth the hope that some day that nameless continent from which their race had sprung, would rise once more out of the sea and with slaves at the long sweeps would send her carven, gold-picked galleys forth to succor the long-exiled colonists. The coming of Tarzan had aroused within La’s breast the wild hope that at last the fulfillment of this ancient prophecy was at hand; but more strongly still had it aroused the hot fires of love in a heart that never otherwise would have known the meaning of that all-consuming passion, for such a wondrous creature as La could never have felt love for any of the repulsive priests of Opar. Custom, duty and religious zeal might have commanded the union; but there could have been no love on La’s part. She had grown to young womanhood a cold and heartless creature, daughter of a thousand other cold, heartless, beautiful women who had never known love. And so when love came to her it liberated all the pent passions of a thousand generations, transforming La into a pulsing, throbbing volcano of desire, and with desire thwarted this great force of love and gentleness and sacrifice was transmuted by its own fires into one of hatred and revenge. It was in a state of mind superinduced by these conditions that La led forth her jabbering company to retrieve the sacred emblem of her high office and wreak vengeance upon the author of her wrongs. To Werper she gave little thought. The fact that the knife had been in his hand when it departed from Opar brought down no thoughts of vengeance upon his head. Of course, he should be slain when captured; but his death would give La no pleasure—she looked for that in the contemplated death agonies of Tarzan. He should be tortured. His should be a slow and frightful death. His punishment should be adequate to the immensity of his crime. He had wrested the sacred knife from La; he had lain sacrilegious hands upon the High Priestess of the Flaming God; he had desecrated the altar and the temple. For these things he should die; but he had scorned the love of La, the woman, and for this he should die horribly with great anguish. The march of La and her priests was not without its adventures. Unused were these to the ways of the jungle, since seldom did any venture forth from behind Opar’s crumbling walls, yet their very numbers protected them and so they came without fatalities far along the trail of Tarzan and Werper. Three great apes accompanied them and to these was delegated the business of tracking the quarry, a feat beyond the senses of the Oparians. La commanded. She arranged the order of march, she selected the camps, she set the hour for halting and the hour for resuming and though she was inexperienced in such matters, her native intelligence was so far above that of the men or the apes that she did better than they could have done. She was a hard taskmaster, too, for she looked down with loathing and contempt upon the misshapen creatures amongst which cruel Fate had thrown her and to some extent vented upon them her dissatisfaction and her thwarted love. She made them build her a strong protection and shelter each night and keep a great fire burning before it from dusk to dawn. When she tired of walking they were forced to carry her upon an improvised litter, nor did one dare to question her authority or her right to such services. In fact they did not question either. To them she was a goddess and each loved her and each hoped that he would be chosen as her mate, so they slaved for her and bore the stinging lash of her displeasure and the habitually haughty disdain of her manner without a murmur. For many days they marched, the apes following the trail easily and going a little distance ahead of the body of the caravan that they might warn the others of impending danger. It was during a noonday halt while all were lying resting after a tiresome march that one of the apes rose suddenly and sniffed the breeze. In a low guttural he cautioned the others to silence and a moment later was swinging quietly up wind into the jungle. La and the priests gathered silently together, the hideous little men fingering their knives and bludgeons, and awaited the return of the shaggy anthropoid. Nor had they long to wait before they saw him emerge from a leafy thicket and approach them. Straight to La he came and in the language of the great apes which was also the language of decadent Opar he addressed her. “The great Tarmangani lies asleep there,” he said, pointing in the direction from which he had just come. “Come and we can kill him.” “Do not kill him,” commanded La in cold tones. “Bring the great Tarmangani to me alive and unhurt. The vengeance is La’s. Go; but make no sound!” and she waved her hands to include all her followers. Cautiously the weird party crept through the jungle in the wake of the great ape until at last he halted them with a raised hand and pointed upward and a little ahead. There they saw the giant form of the ape-man stretched along a low bough and even in sleep one hand grasped a stout limb and one strong, brown leg reached out and overlapped another. At ease lay Tarzan of the Apes, sleeping heavily upon a full stomach and dreaming of Numa, the lion, and Horta, the boar, and other creatures of the jungle. No intimation of danger assailed the dormant faculties of the ape-man—he saw no crouching hairy figures upon the ground beneath him nor the three apes that swung quietly into the tree beside him. The first intimation of danger that came to Tarzan was the impact of three bodies as the three apes leaped upon him and hurled him to the ground, where he alighted half stunned beneath their combined weight and was immediately set upon by the fifty hairy men or as many of them as could swarm upon his person. Instantly the ape-man became the center of a whirling, striking, biting maelstrom of horror. He fought nobly but the odds against him were too great. Slowly they overcame him though there was scarce one of them that did not feel the weight of his mighty fist or the rending of his fangs. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Edgar Rice Burroughs (1993). Tarzan and the Jewels of Opar. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved October 2022 https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/92/pg92-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org , located at https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html.

La Seeks Vengeance

DEATH OF A SHIP

What Pragmatism Means by Practical

What I Would Have Missed in October 2017

Whether you’re looking for your next gig, or you’re trying to break into the industry, you can’t deny that tech hiring situation is frustratingly difficult. If you’re just starting your search, let me give you a recent example of when I was trying to job “break into the industry”. For a little background, I don’t have a previous history in Computer Science and learned most of my skills through various online resources. A little over a year ago, I had recently graduated college, and was starting down the job application grind. I remember working through applications on Indeed, Monster, and Dice — altering my resume and cover letter specifically for each company. I did tons of research on each company I applied to, and made sure to give my due diligence and make sure I was a good fit for each position. ( ) You know, just like everyone says. Doing hard work doesn’t bother me as long as there is some sort of result, but the nail in the coffin is when you get back that generic rejection email: Dear [candidate] Thanks for taking the time to meet with our team about the [role title] at [company name]! It was nice to read about your skills and accomplishments. Unfortunately our team did not select you for further consideration. We will keep your resume on file for future openings. Regards, [recruiter] I even once received an email from a recruiter where they didn’t even bother changing out the template and left the fields in the email… Kill me. There are several startups that are trying to fix that exact problem. Here are three new startups that are trying to fix the tech hiring problem! Please note that these are in no specific order, this is just the order that I found out about them! Triplebyte Employers and are matched with companies. You take a quiz, then do a two-hour . Based on performance, you’re put on their marketplace. How it works: engineers of all skill levels interview Was very close to making it to the next stage, the interviewer was very friendly and made the interview process very simple. My experience: — Although I didn’t make it, Triplebyte’s process feels like what recruitment should be. Very helpful feedback as well. I’ll get more into details later. Rating: 9/10 The first job site on the chopping block is Triplebyte, a company founded on the belief that the current technical hiring process doesn’t do enough to help engineers show their strengths. Their goal is to help people find great jobs by assessing their abilities without relying on things like the “years of experience” on their resume. They actually have a whole manifesto on their view of hiring. With support from some of the best angel investors in the tech startup scene, including: Drew Houston the CEO of Dropbox Sam Altman: President at YCombinator Paul Graham, the co-founder of YCombinator Triplybyte has managed to make a pretty big disruption in the tech recruiting space. Things I like Here’s how their process is different and why I highly recommend them for recent to 1-year grads: They want to see what you do, and what you’re good at. You get PERSONALIZED feedback and are encouraged to reapply every 4 months if rejected. They take your feedback seriously and iterate on suggestions to improve the platform I went through their process six months ago, so here’s a sum of their steps: You take a quiz depending on what your interests are: front end, back end, dev ops, software engineering generalist They have several different “paths” that you can take, and the questions are all related to that “path.” Naturally, I chose the front end path where I received a bunch of questions covering: HTML and CSS JavaScript concepts like hoisting and the keyword this ReactJS core concepts and principles If you do well, you go on to the next step: Get called to set up a two-hour interview where they go over several different topics This is a very in-depth interview, where the first hour is spent doing a coding challenge, and the second hour is spent answering a bunch of technical questions about web development in general. For my coding challenge, I had to make a based on a set of rules and restrictions they gave me. kanban board I was still relatively new to React at this point (about four months), so I struggled with this part of the interview, but the interviewer made me feel comfortable about the whole situation. The next hour was spent going over several different topics: JavaScript: HTTP, local caching CSS: CSS sprites, difference between classes and IDs, CSS specificity rules, building a responsive site Security: Bloom Filters, XSS, CSRF I felt I did a lot better on this section, as I read blog posts on a bunch of these topics. After a few days, although I got rejected, I got probably the most detailed feedback from an interview I had ever gotten. Here’s the feedback they gave me, maybe it will help you prepare for an upcoming interview: Hey Malik! Unfortunately, we’re not going to move forward with your application right now. Interviewing is a messy process, and we know that we’ll inevitably make mistakes as we iron out our process. We also believe in giving the people we interview honest feedback. You talked well about CSS. And you were friendly and we enjoyed talking to you. Here are the areas where we thought you could improve. You didn’t make much progress on the Kanban project. You had a lot of trouble with small-scale coding in Javascript. Your code was occasionally unidiomatic or inelegant. We didn’t see the depth of knowledge that we look for in front end programmers: you didn’t show very deep knowledge of Javascript, HTTP, security, and data structures. To move forward with candidates who don’t have much industry experience, we need to see exceptional strength. You did well in many parts of the interview, but we didn’t see the exceptional strength in an area that we require. Here’s our advice. You’ll do better in front-end focused interviews if you’re more productive at quickly implementing front-end features. You already know how to do this, but practicing it more will help you get faster and better at it. It makes sense to both practice building out small apps (so that you’re comfortable with how the basics of your framework works) and also try building out more complicated features. Practicing small scale programming will be useful. On several occasions in the programming problem, you got stuck on minor programming bugs that aren’t directly related to front end development. To get better at this, you could try practicing small problems from sources like LeetCode. It’s particularly useful to read how other people solved particular problems after you solve them — often other people spotted cool solutions that you didn’t think of. This kind of practice is useful for your programming in general and particularly useful in the context of interviews. We recommend you study algorithms more deeply. If you want to study algorithms some more, The Algorithm Design Manual is a particularly good and practically-oriented algorithms textbook, and it’s freely available on the internet. Reading the third chapter, which is about how to think about data structures, would be really helpful. There are also many algorithms MOOCs: doing one of these would be good practice. You also might enjoy the advice about studying algorithms on this page . In particular, you should know the runtimes for all the methods on the collections classes available in your language. And again, we know this isn’t a perfect process and we’d love to hear your honest feedback on how we might have improved it. We’re also happy to hear any other questions you have. Best, Triplebyte Team It’s… it’s beautiful. Things I don’t like There wasn’t much to dislike. The only thing that was mildly displeasing was that the two hour interview was a bit long for my taste, but I know several people that didn’t really mind. There’s not much more you could ask for an interview. If all of the above sounds even slightly interesting to you, definitely give it a try. Up next, we have a company you may have heard of already, Hired. Hired are matched with companies. There are “auctions”, and employers bid on you. How it works: Experienced engineers Didn’t make it to the auction stage, but I have friends with more experience that have gone through it, and received a few on-site interviews My experience: — They have a few things I don’t like, I’ll go over them below. Rating: 8/10 Please note that they’re not the best platform for inexperienced engineers! Hired is an opportunity network that experienced engineers to fulltime and contract opportunities at innovative companies. Located in San Francisco, they have matched tons of engineers with new and exciting companies and opportunities. Since 2012, they have expanded to a bunch of different locations including: intelligently matches Los Angeles San Diego Seattle Denver Austin Chicago New York (represent!) Boston Washington D.C. They also plan to expand , placing candidates in a bunch of other locations like: internationally Paris London Sydney, Australia Melbourne, Australia Toronto So basically, — especially if you’re looking to relocate. tons of options Their timeline can take up to seven days to get you approved. The way it works is you create a profile that gives a strong outline of your career experience and your skill set. (Make sure you’re specific with that!) Once you’ve done that Hired will review your profile, and if you are accepted they will place you in their “marketplace.” Since I haven’t made it past the auction phase, you can for a more detailed description of what it’s like. check out this blog post Things I like: Companies that are interested in you are really interested in you. Salary offers are amazing, ranging from $100k — $125k If you get hired, you get a bonus (who doesn’t like money?) Things I don’t like: They don’t give a good reason to why you are rejected. No feedback can suck if you’re not sure how you could do better. Some of the companies are kind of boring and try to low ball you. You’re still assigned a “recruiter”, who manages all your interviews accordingly. If you’re a developer with at least a year or two under your belt, you should definitely try out Hired. Last but not least, we have a service available from a company that everyone applying for tech jobs knows, but didn’t know the service existed: Indeed Prime. Indeed Prime Engineers are matched with companies. You fill out a profile, and if your skill set matches, they go straight into a phone screen. How it works: Didn’t make it to the auction stage, but I have friends with more experience that have gone through it, and received a few on-site interviews My experience: — Better than spam applying for jobs, but I like the effort the other alternatives give. Rating: 7/10 I’m sure everyone has If you don’t, you really need to . heard of Indeed. crawl out from under the digital rock you’re stuck under Indeed is currently the world’s #1 job site with over unique visitors every month from over . 200 million 60 different countries But for some reason, a lot of people I meet haven’t heard of Indeed’s free job matching service, Indeed Prime. Just like Hired, Indeed Prime allows you to fill out a profile, and submit it to be reviewed. After about 2–3 days, Indeed will get back to you letting you know whether you have been accepted or not. (I heard back in less than 24 hours so they’re very responsive!) An awesome part about this is that if you already have an Indeed account, you can use that prefilled information on your prime account, taking some time out of the process. After a week of your profile being approved, your prime profile will be live to potential employers! The response time from these companies are really fast, I was able to reach the technical interview stage with multiple companies in the span of the first three to four days. Overall, the process is pretty straightforward. Since the companies are picking you, and you have to be approved to make it into the candidate pool, you already know that there is initial interest. Indeed Prime is simple and straightforward, and definitely worth giving a shot. If you’re interested in upping your Indeed game, you should try it out! There are a whole bunch of other resources that are available like , or . However, from my time interviewing for jobs, the aforementioned services really stood out to me as awesome, and all shared a common goal. Vettery underdog.io, WhiteTruffle If you’ve applied through one of these services before, please share a comment below! I’d love to hear about different people’s experiences with these platforms. In my next blog post, I plan to talk about using LinkedIn and AngelList to find more jobs that you’d be interested in. Thanks for reading :) If you liked this post, please give me some claps! It will make it so other people will see this here on Medium. This post was originally published on malikbrowne.com . You can find more articles like this on my website! I’m always interested in hearing from people in the dev community, so feel free to say hello to me on Twitter . Tell me how your job hunt is going!

Three Job Sites for Finding Your Next Developer Job

How to build and iterate your way toward a product people love to use. Creating a new product is extremely hard. There are dozens of barriers and pitfalls along the way. Success requires fanatical execution and a bit of luck. But while there are hundreds of ways a product can fail that are completely outside your control, the product is not one of them. To a large degree, success or failure from a product perspective is in your hands. There are dozens of ways of building a product or a particular feature. Not all of them are created equal. In the last 6 years I’ve helped build dozens of products at , and have listened to pitches for hundreds more at . And while every product is different, all those reps have helped us discover some broadly applicable patterns that can increase your chances of success. Digital Intent Founder Equity These are certainly not comprehensive — there are many types of applications and technologies that these might not apply to (IoT, AI, VR, etc). But if you’re building a web or mobile app, hopefully you find the following rules at least marginally helpful. 1. Minimize risk with REAL customer development. The first and most important rule is to do everything you can to avoid building something people don’t want. The number one reason new products fail is an inability to achieve product-market fit. This is usually a result of insufficient customer development — people go from an idea on the back of a napkin to writing detailed functional requirements, without asking whether people truly want the product in the first place. If you haven’t started building yet, one of my first questions is likely to be “how many customers have you talked to?” The most common answer is zero. Often the answer is effectively something like “I talked to 5 people, talked the whole time, and only used their feedback to validate my initial hypothesis and make pretty quotes for my deck.” Given the proliferation of content around customer development and lean principles, this boggles my mind. startup Wasting months of your life and thousands of dollars of other people’s money to solve a problem you’re not sure exists is insanity. De-risk your problem hypothesis as soon as you can. Be rigorous about it. And be 100% honest with yourself as you receive feedback. Iterate on the problem and solution hypotheses until you’ve found something people get legitimately interested in. 2. Create an MVP. Don’t necessarily CODE an MVP. MVP does not mean software. The purpose of an MVP is to test the riskiest assumption of the underlying business. This can often be done without a line of code. One of our favorite entrepreneurs used a Keynote on an iPad to test mockups of his loyalty platform with small businesses. He would go down the street along the busy shopping district, try to sell them the platform, find out why they weren’t interested. He’d sit in Starbucks for an hour, make changes to his mockups, and head back out. As a result he was able to learn more in a day than many entrepreneurs learn in months. One DI client built a startup focused on using machine learning for a tool targeting hospitals. While that was his final vision, his initial solution was CSV files and Excel spreadsheets. His clients didn’t really care how the system worked — they just cared about the results. He acquired 30 customers and got to a $1mm run rate before investing in the automated system. Code is always dramatically more expensive to build and change. While it might sound like lost time, it’s usually more than made up for by the conserved burn rate and the confidence when it’s time to build that the underlying assumptions have been sufficiently de-risked. 3. Incrementally better won’t work. Behavior change is incredibly difficult. The average user has 26 apps on their phone, and only 5 apps see heavy use. There are well over 2 million apps in each app store. The math alone suggests integrating something new into people’s lives is no small feat. It is extremely rare for people to adopt a new solution to a problem they’ve already solved for themselves. I don’t need a weather app that is 5% more accurate — the app I currently have is good enough. More importantly, you’re not just competing against other weather apps. You’re competing against literally every other demand on my time or attention. New solutions have to either be dramatically better than the status quo, or have to completely reimagine the experience to dislodge an incumbent and carve out space. 4. Simple is better. Most apps people love are obsessed with what we call the Core Experience. It is extremely rare for products to do 12 things simultaneously well. This is particularly true for mobile apps. If the Core Experience isn’t amazing, bolting additional features onto the product won’t move the needle. If I don’t think the content in your UCG app is interesting or useful, a favorite or sharing feature isn’t going to make me use it. Be obsessed with making me fall in love with the content itself first. Identify the 1 or 2 things your product needs to do to be better than everyone else. Spend most of your energy there. Iterate on it until that functionality is world class. Only add ancillary functionality if your customers are yelling at you. 5. Nail onboarding. Even if you create a great core experience, it won’t matter if people don’t stick around long enough to experience it. The first time user experience and onboarding process is essential to making the light bulb go on for customers. While it’s true a user’s motivation to use your product will never be higher than right after they sign up, their enthusiasm will wane quickly if the onboarding process is cumbersome, confusing, or takes too long to create value. For most, onboarding is treated like something you do at the end right before launching and given far too little thought. In most cases a simple card-based tour is simply lazy, and likely hurting effectiveness. Treat the onboarding process as an essential part of the core experience. Ideally have it assist in the user creating content or completing whatever activity maximizes their chance of adoption. Don’t neglect the role that email nurturing can play in your onboarding process. Particularly for SaaS products or products with a free trial component, educating your new user on the value of the product post-registration is critical. 6. Notifications don’t have to be annoying. They can even BE the product. At a minimum, email and text notifications represent one of your primary tools to increase retention. Even if users understand the utility in the product, many will drop off simply because they haven’t engaged in your core experience enough times for a habit to develop. Notifications can be the trigger to help them build that habit. But you can use them for more than notifications — you can bake functionality directly in. Nobody really wants yet another site to log into. All they care about is the utility your product provides — if it’s a medium that’s easier they’ll be all for it. The Quora email digest is a fantastic example — it’s the same content on the dashboard. But rather than relying on me to log back in, they send the content to me. Because it’s continually interesting, I engage with Quora much more frequently than if I were left to my own devices. Email and text shouldn’t be afterthoughts — they can be an essential part of the user experience. 7. Compete on iteration speed. The first version of your product is going to be wrong. Users won’t understand the value proposition, or they will but will find it too hard to sign up, or they’ll sign up but not engage further, or they’ll engage further but not convert from free to paid. Expect it. Plan for iteration. One benefit of focusing on the core experience is it can speed up your time through the Build-Measure-Learn loop. All other things being equal, the company that can iterate on their product in response to customer feedback the fastest will usually win. Of course, don’t iterate for the sake of iterating. This assumes you have the proper analytics set up behind the scenes (hint — you want to be tracking what happens on and between pages, not just big events like registrations or orders). Identify the actions that represent the “aha moment” for your app. Use your analytics to find identify bottlenecks preventing people from getting there. Use that analysis to prioritize your iterative work. Rinse and repeat. 8. Stay close to your users as long as you possibly can. Analytics only tell you part of the story. Too many founders hide behind their computers, afraid to talk to their customers. But analytics will only tell you what happened. They won’t tell you . why You can either conduct a ton of iteration based on analytics alone and stumble half in the dark, or you can talk to your customers and find out much faster how to improve things. Have a plan for engaging with your early customers throughout their journey. Make sure you know exactly what they do, what they think, what they like and what they don’t. Not all feedback is equal. Your biggest fans matter — find out what they like about the product and everything else you can about them. There are probably more people like them. Also pay attention to the people who are on the fence — they like the product but they don’t love it. Find out why, and give them what they want. The people who don’t really like it? Unless that’s everyone, don’t focus your energy here. No product is perfect for everyone. 9. Seed and curate. A major flaw in many user generated content sites is the “if we build it they will come” fallacy. Too often companies wait for the users to dictate what the product should be. Instead, leverage internal resources to create fantastic examples of the kinds of user generated content you hope the community eventually creates. This solves multiple problems. It populates the app with content so it doesn’t look like a ghost town. And it teaches users how the app works — the types of content that get created, what gets rewarded by any game mechanics, etc. This is doubly important for any machine-learning based systems, where again sufficient data is necessary to effectively train a system. People can very likely create solid lists of the best restaurants in a neighborhood (either themselves or informed by other existing lists). Users likely won’t question whether the data is good — their implicit assumption will be that it is by the way the app is positioned. In fact, they are much more likely to question it if the algorithm isn’t sufficiently trained and suggests poor data as a result of a small number of inputs. This is triply important for marketplace businesses, which often face the dreaded chicken and egg problem. The best solution is often to control one side of the equation as much as possible. Don’t wait for restaurants to sign up for your Yelp killer. Add them yourself, for free. Drive traffic and see if your experience is superior. If it isn’t, improve it. If it is, get the restaurants hooked on the value before trying to charge them money. The tech is not your asset, the content is. 10. Identify your growth loop The fastest growing products have a growth loop built in — a self-reinforcing cycle that accelerates over time. According to , there are three primary growth loops most apps leverage: Andrew Chen — users generate content, some of which is publicly accessible. picks it up, driving organic visits, which turn into users creating more content for Google to pick up. Most common with UGC sites. Organic Google — users come in, make enough money to justify the cost spent to acquire them. That money is plowed into acquiring new users. Common with games and other freemium apps. Paid — users are incentivized to send invites to their friends. Some percentage sign up and invite their friends. This loop works best when User B’s existing in the platform makes it more valuable for User A. But this can also work for ecommerce or other sites, typically in the form of a symmetric bonus (i.e. invite a friend, both get store credit.) Referral It’s rare none of these levers are available to you — sometimes you can leverage more than one. Identify which one would be most applicable and bake it in. Iterate on each until you get it right. 11. Don’t scale too early. The has done autopsies of hundreds of failed startups. 70% of them end up failing because they scaled prematurely — meaning they hadn’t reached product market fit. Startup Genome Project Product-Market fit is admittedly a fuzzy term. However, there are some good proxies for determining if you’re on the right track. Getting to a place where you acquire over 100 users per day organically (including referral) is a great sign. If 40% of your users say they’d be very disappointed if the product went away, odds are you’re in good shape. Product teams should be aggressively iterating on their product until P-M fit is achieved. They should certainly be testing acquisition channels, but emphasis should be on acquiring enough users to see what parts of the product are busted, so they can improve and get closer to P-M fit. Only when they’re confident P-M fit has been achieved should they aggressively focus on acquisition or monetization. Start building better products today. While following these rules obviously doesn’t guarantee success, we strongly believe they can increase your odds, sometimes considerably. The world is full of beautifully designed, well-engineered products nobody uses. Don’t build another one. Are there other rules of thumb I left out? Any I included you strongly disagree with? I’d love to hear your thoughts! If your organization is looking to build something new, I’d love the chance to learn more and work with you. , or connect with me on . Let’s build something great together! Contact us LinkedIn

11 Essential Laws of Product Development

Meet Kashish Gupta, CEO of Hightouch In the five years since and his colleagues founded , his company has seen growth and accomplishments that would be impressive over a timespan ten times as long. Just to highlight a few: Hightouch was listed seventh on , they were also named on the , and Forbes called them one of the “ .” Kashish Gupta Hightouch G2’s 2023 Best Software Awards Enterprise Tech 30 Next Billion Dollar Startups Gupta has created a winning formula for building and growing a vibrant tech company in an industry filled with stiff competition and high expectations. What is that formula? Even though that formula is complex, at the heart is people. By finding the right candidates, empowering them to create their own work culture, and providing guardrails as necessary, Gupta has made Hightouch a powerful entity for customer support and satisfaction. Hire Well Before mentoring or inspiring anyone, Gupta needed to find the right people. He understood that the needs of a company change as it grows. As such, an excellent manager who can wrangle hundreds of employees may not have a role in a start-up with a dozen people. With a complete understanding of where Hightouch began and where it could go, he used a two-pronged attack to fill his ranks. First, find the people with the right mindset, and then find the people who inspire others to excel. “Whatever the customer needs is your job.” It’s logical to assume that the most technically minded or scientifically gifted would be the best early hires. However, Gupta believed that engineers who focus on solving customer problems, as opposed to technology problems, would position Hightouch for success. “In the early days, a lot of companies will paint a vision and help their engineers think about solving very technical problems. We never did that. We just said, ‘Whatever the customer needs is your job.’” Gupta was not shy to tell people who solely concentrated on technical issues that Hightouch may not be the best place for them. Find Your North Stars Gupta is clear that you don’t want the person with the best management skills to be the leader of your company.  Instead, he finds the superstar individual contributors and elevates them to leadership positions. Gupta refers to them as “North Stars”. These leaders set the standard, drive the culture, and encourage others to act like them. One example he gave was , his engineering manager. In Gupta’s words, “he is great at inspiring people and just being the fastest executor on the team, making people realize that everything they do could actually be done 50% faster.” Ernest Cheng Identify the Culture Carriers Once the best people were found, Gupta knew he needed to let them build their own environment where they could thrive. After all, he knew they had Hightouch’s vision at heart, and they would naturally get the most out of their team by leading by example. He called them his “beacons for success.” Gupta said, “[Ernest] has grown so much in Hightouch, and he's a culture carrier. Why should I be the person to set culture within the engineering org, when he is what I want it to be like? So, I feel very good about the fact that we bring people in that have high slope and then let them define their org's culture and scale that out. That allows our engineering team to have a little bit of a different culture than our sales team.” Everyone Owns Sales The culture at Hightouch is one of collaboration and mutual success. Gupta mentioned, “Engineering is very sales-minded at Hightouch. Salespeople know that they can and should give the engineering team feedback, and that they can get action on that feedback to improve the product. Engineering knows that they're responsible for revenue goals. And because they know that, they depend on each other. They share information back and forth and collaborate much more deeply.” With a shared objective of helping as many of Hightouch’s customers as possible, Gupta’s team excels. Learning to Say No Gupta understands that the team can never outrun the limitations of manpower and time. Not being able to meet a goal is incredibly disappointing, especially when someone is both an overachiever and very passionate about that goal. This is the case for Gupta’s team, composed of very talented individuals dedicated to helping customers. He admitted, “We're really bad at saying no.” As CEO, he knew this problem needed his attention. To get better at saying no, Gupta has encouraged the team to make prioritization decisions. “I always ask them to stack rank because they always want to say everything is important. No. Tell me what is more important and what is less important. Then I make them find the line.” This leads to conversations about sacrificing lower priorities to apply additional resources to higher priorities. He asks, “What if you had twice as much time for item #1? Does that matter more than achieving priority #3?” Prioritization remains a challenge at Hightouch. As with any business, there is no simple “right” answer. But Gupta has no regrets about the decisions they’ve made so far, and their aggressive approach has contributed to growth. Business + Tech + Connection Through his skillful crafting of business, technology, and genuine human connection, Gupta has built a company that has shown its impressive power to scale in just a few short years. By applying gentle guidance where needed, but otherwise allowing his team to work independently, he’s built a self-propelling team that grows Hightouch by helping their customers solve problems. The right people with the right freedoms will keep his company moving steadily forward into the future. Photo credit Fauxels @ Pexels

How This CEO Tripled Revenue in 6 Months With a Winning Culture

কীভাবে এই সিইও একটি বিজয়ী সংস্কৃতির সাথে 6 মাসে রাজস্ব তিনগুণ করেছে৷

Wie dieser CEO seinen Umsatz in 6 Monaten mit einer Erfolgskultur verdreifachte

Cómo este director ejecutivo triplicó los ingresos en 6 meses con una cultura ganadora

Comment ce PDG a triplé ses revenus en 6 mois avec une culture gagnante

कैसे इस सीईओ ने विजयी संस्कृति के साथ 6 महीने में राजस्व तीन गुना कर दिया

CEO が勝利する文化で 6 か月で収益を 3 倍にした方法

이 CEO가 성공적인 문화를 통해 6개월 만에 수익을 3배로 늘린 방법

Como este CEO triplicou a receita em 6 meses com uma cultura vencedora

Как этот генеральный директор утроил доход за 6 месяцев с помощью культуры победы

Bu CEO Kazanma Kültürüyle Gelirini 6 Ayda Nasıl Üçe Katladı?

CEO này đã tăng doanh thu gấp ba lần trong 6 tháng như thế nào nhờ văn hóa chiến thắng

这位首席执行官如何凭借致胜文化在 6 个月内将收入增加两倍

is not just a skillset, it's a philosophy. DevOps It's a philosophy that says we care about ourselves, our team, our organization, and our users. Here's how DevOps empowers you at three different levels: The Personal Benefit: Autonomy and Efficiency A Universal Toolset DevOps standardizes the development environment, everyone works with the same toolset, regardless of their physical machine. : Previously, newcomers would spend hours or even days configuring their machines, delaying their contributions to the project. DevOps shortens this onboarding period, enabling immediate integration into the team. This not only speeds up development but also enhances team cohesion from day one. Rapid Onboarding : In the past, inconsistencies between development environments led to unnecessary troubleshooting and the infamous "it works on my machine" problem. By standardizing tools and configurations, DevOps ensures that we're all on the same page, reducing friction and enhancing collaboration. Consistency : We can now focus on what we do best – writing and refining code. We no longer need to spend precious time on tedious configuration tasks, leading to better utilization of their skills and faster project progress. Increased Productivity Automating Tedious Processes Automation is a core component of DevOps, transforming daily routines and improving efficiency. : Automation streamlines repetitive tasks such as testing, building, and deployment. This efficiency translates to quicker progress and faster releases, enabling businesses to respond rapidly to market demands. Faster Deliveries : Automated testing ensures that code quality is maintained consistently. Errors are caught early in the process, reducing the time and effort required for manual testing. This leads to a more robust final product that meets high standards. Quality Control : By reducing the need for manual intervention, automation allows developers more time for innovation, collaboration, or personal pursuits. The result is a more satisfied, balanced, and productive workforce. Work-Life Balance The Team Benefit: Collaboration and Reliability Seamless Integration DevOps not only standardizes our individual development environments but also ensures consistency across the team. : Seamless integration means that team members can work together without worrying about environmental inconsistencies. This fosters better communication and collaboration, leading to a more cohesive and effective team. Collaboration : With DevOps, the pipeline becomes a trustworthy tool that accurately reflects the production environment. This reliability is crucial for confidence in deployment, reducing the fear and uncertainty that often surround releases. Reliable Pipelines : Continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) practices allow for immediate feedback on code changes. This enables rapid iterations, adjustments, and continuous improvement, creating a dynamic and responsive development process. Feedback Loop Facilitating Trust A reliable and consistent environment builds trust within the team. : Team members know that the pipeline's results are reliable, fostering confidence in the development process. This trust encourages more daring innovations and quicker decision-making. Confidence : With a dependable automated pipeline, teams can move faster without sacrificing quality. Faster iterations mean quicker deployments and the ability to respond to market changes with agility. Speed The Organizational Benefit: Agility and Resilience Streamlined Processes DevOps not only affects individuals and teams but transforms entire organizations. : By removing obstacles and automating routine tasks, DevOps enables engineers to focus on creative problem-solving. This leads to increased productivity, better products, and ultimately, higher customer satisfaction. Enhancing Productivity : A smooth and reliable development pipeline encourages more frequent deployments. This increased deployment frequency allows organizations to respond to market opportunities more quickly, maintaining a competitive edge. Frequent Deployments : Should problems arise in production, DevOps practices ensure quick identification and resolution. The similarity between development, staging, and production environments means that issues can be replicated and resolved quickly, minimizing downtime and maintaining customer trust. Fast Recovery Building a Learning Culture DevOps fosters a culture of continuous improvement, innovation, and learning. : Encouraging experimentation and embracing failure as a learning opportunity leads to a culture of innovation. This environment fosters creativity, leading to groundbreaking ideas and products. Innovation : Continuous learning and development contribute to skill enhancement, career growth, and team cohesion. This ongoing growth builds a more competent, satisfied, and engaged workforce. Team Development DevOps is more than a set of tools or a methodology; it's a transformative philosophy that reshapes how we approach software development. From autonomy and efficiency to collaboration and resilience at team and organizational levels. Mundane tasks are replaced with automated processes. Consistency, collaboration, and innovation are nurtured leading to a more fulfilling and productive development experience. Whether you're an individual developer, part of a team, or leading an organization, embracing DevOps promises a future of agility, resilience, and continuous growth. Also published here.

Embracing DevOps, the Triple-Edged Superpower

Since the technology's conception, privacy has been a major worry in the blockchain. Blockchain technology has many benefits, like decentralisation and transparency, but it also makes users' financial transactions visible to everyone. This has prompted a number of privacy issues, particularly in sectors that are mandated by law to protect customers' privacy (such as the healthcare and finance sectors). 2019 study by the University of Cambridge, 57% of the surveyed blockchain companies identified data privacy as a major barrier to the adoption of blockchain technology. Similarly, a 2020 Deloitte of global executives revealed that 28% of respondents cited privacy concerns as a significant obstacle to their organizations adopting blockchain technology. According to a survey Findora Triple Masking SDK: The Game-Changing Privacy Solution for Blockchain Technology These numbers highlight the need for a system that can strike a compromise between the need to keep private information private and the advantages of blockchain technology, such as its decentralisation and immutability. Users may make confidential financial transactions while still being auditable and complying with current standards with the help of the Findora Triple Masking SDK, which was designed to ease developers' minds about privacy. To address privacy issues with blockchain technology without sacrificing the advantages of decentralisation, transparency, and immutability, we provide a set of universal privacy-preserving solutions for the Web3. : Vested Interest Disclosure The author is an independent contributor publishing via our . Be it through direct compensation, media partnerships, or networking, the author has a vested interest in the company/ies mentioned in this story. HackerNoon has reviewed the report for quality, but the claims herein belong to the author. #DYOR brand-as-author program Balancing Blockchain Transparency and Privacy: Findora's Triple Masking SDK Reshapes the Industry This state-of-the-art privacy-preserving solution brings the integration of zero-knowledge proofs to decentralized applications, heralding a new era of privacy for the entire Web3 ecosystem. The Findora Triple Masking SDK equips developers with a streamlined approach to embed zero-knowledge proofs into their dApps. By offering users the ability to perform auditable private transactions with varying degrees of masking, the SDK simplifies privacy integration for all Web3 dApps. Blockchain technology has historically grappled with the "double-spend" problem, in which digital assets can be duplicated. In addressing this issue, blockchain's transparent and decentralized accounting system eliminated the need for third-party record-keepers. However, the public nature of these transactions excluded industries legally obligated to protect personal identifying information, like healthcare records. For over 50 years, regulations have dictated financial institutions protect customer privacy. Consumers hold the right to keep their financial information confidential, with consent required for the sharing of any personal details. Privacy has been rightfully acknowledged as an individual's ability to control and consent to the accessibility of their data. Enter zero-knowledge proofs: the cryptographic technique enabling blockchains to conceal transaction data while still allowing for validation. This complex solution allows a blockchain to verify a digital asset's movement without revealing information about the sender, receiver, or the asset itself. It ensures private transactions while preventing double-spending. Weikeng Chen, Chief Scientist at Discreet Labs, explained the technology behind Findora Triple Masking, stating that it uses zk-Snarks to create anonymous blind asset records (ABARs), enabling encrypted asset transfers. This is similar to how Zcash stores its cryptographic commitments, compared to most EVM chains that store transaction data in plaintext. Anonymous blind asset record (ABAR) Findora Triple Masking utilizes application-specific turbo-plonks, a type of zero-knowledge succinct non-interactive argument of knowledge (zk-Snark). This solution creates an anonymous blind asset record (ABAR) that allows asset transfers to be encrypted as a cryptographic commitment, rather than storing transaction data in plaintext, like most public ledgers. This approach is similar to how Zcash stores its cryptographic commitments. However, for most EVM chains, the transaction data is stored as plaintext and is, therefore, open to public scrutiny. Findora Triple Masking offers a more privacy-preserving alternative, enabling developers to integrate advanced privacy features into their dApps without compromising the auditability required for regulatory compliance. Compatibility with common EVM wallets like MetaMask Findora's compatibility with the secp256k1 curve allows common EVM wallets like MetaMask to sign a transaction. Although MetaMask may not be able to enable private transactions directly, the private transactions can be signed by MetaMask and handled by the applications directly, bridging the gap between privacy and user convenience. Compatibility with common EVM wallets like MetaMask Findora's compatibility with the secp256k1 curve allows common EVM wallets, such as MetaMask, to sign a transaction. Although MetaMask may not be able to enable private transactions directly, the private transactions can be signed by MetaMask and handled by the applications directly, bridging the gap between privacy and user convenience. Don’t forget to like and share the story! Image credits: AI.

Findora Triple Masking SDK: Groundbreaking Privacy Solution for Decentralized Applications

Findora Triple Masking SDK: solución de privacidad innovadora para aplicaciones descentralizadas

Findora Triple Masking SDK : solution de confidentialité révolutionnaire pour les applications décentralisées

फाइंडोरा ट्रिपल मास्किंग एसडीके: विकेंद्रीकृत अनुप्रयोगों के लिए अभूतपूर्व गोपनीयता समाधान

Findora Triple Masking SDK: 分散型アプリケーション向けの画期的なプライバシー ソリューション

Findora Triple Masking SDK: solução de privacidade inovadora para aplicativos descentralizados

Findora Triple Masking SDK: Giải pháp bảo mật đột phá cho các ứng dụng phi tập trung

Findora Triple Masking SDK：去中心化应用的突破性隐私解决方案

The emergence of blockchain games has flipped the gaming industry, putting players in charge of the decisions rather than developers. Their rise has been exponential, with over active blockchain games currently floating in the market. The industry's influence has risen to the point that it now accounts for __ __of all blockchain activity. 398 52% The new entertainment facilitates NFT creation, trading, and ownership capabilities. Blockchain games give players complete ownership of their in-game assets while also allowing them to use those assets outside the games. Axie Infinity, for example, is a blockchain game allowing players to own and trade in-game assets outside the Axie ecosystem for cryptocurrencies. Although hundreds of these games have emerged, there is a significant problem that many gamers are experiencing, i.e. good gameplay. Most blockchain games are barely playable and severely lack the quality traditional gamers expect. Crpytokitties and Axie Infinity are some examples of these. However, here are some games that can potentially be a solution to that problem: Delysium has the most popular game modes accepted by the largest group of gamers, like battle royale, MMORPG, open-world, UGC, etc., and allows players to collect loot boxes by participating in various game types, such as PVE and PVP. Compared to other games, Delysium is more inclusive with a lower barrier of entry and an open world for co-creation of game assets, game setting and ecosystem, which express a more profound spirit of web3 and able to attract more players and guilds. Delysium Delysium is backed by Galaxy Interactive, Republic Crypto and Alameda Research etc. Players may then sell their earned items on the Delysium marketplace, improve their character and equipment, or make user-generated content with them. The game's base on Polygon Network makes it fast, which is needed for its high-resolution . gameplay In addition to its play-and-earn mechanism, the game also features a bedrock of in-game NPCs powered by Deterrence, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) layer for NFT and virtual beings. Notably, these AI-driven NPCs can be purchased or rented by the player and set to work to complete tasks and earn passive income for the user character. It's not easy to develop a high-quality AAA open game on web3 and make it playable, but Delysium has done it. Only two months after the first round of funding for private sales, Delysium has already announced the launch of Pre-Alpha Test in the first week of May. The Pre-Alpha Test will last two months and invite nearly 5,000 players, which is the largest, fastest and furthest going Pre-Alpha Test in web3 AAA games ever, especially compared to Star Atlas, which is still in the trailer stage. In particular, from this Pre-Alpha Test to the following Alpha Test in July and Beta Test at the end of the year, Delysium will continuously host large-scale testing and go on live streaming with the web2 professional player teams directly, which is the first initiative of the blockchain industry. If the game is developed smoothly, it will be possible for AAA blockchain games that break the wall between web2 and web3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCUy81xMxr0 Illuvium is a truly playable metaverse AAA game project that includes a 3D setting with over 100 distinct Illuvials strewn across the virtual cosmos. A team of world-class artists designs the game. Illuvium The game was founded in 2020 and is still being developed by Kieran Warwick and seasoned game designer Aaron Warwick. Kieran Warwick and Aaron Warwick are also siblings of Kain Warwick, co-founder of the popular DeFi platform Synthetix. Moreover, the project is backed by IOSG Ventures, LD Capital, YBB Foundation, Delphi Digital, Stake Capital, Moonwhale Ventures, Lotus Capital, BlockSync, Yield Guild Games, and Bitscale. Beyond that, the game boasts a slew of notable collaborations, including ones with SandBox, 1Inch, Aave, and Bitcoin.com, to name a few. The game is set to launch with its already live. A public beta launch will follow this in the coming weeks. Illuvium's breathtaking graphics and gameplay have already attracted over 250,000 fans on social media. private beta version Blocklords is a blockchain strategy game that allows players to create heroes, build armies, and conquer a medieval land in the metaverse. The game also involves players making governments through commerce, conquest, and the collection of sales taxes. Blocklords The in-game characters are digital assets whose qualities are established by the experiences and actions of their players throughout the game. Players may play everything from a knight to a raider, a farmer to a merchant, and they can monetize their unique skills through a player-driven economy. Planet Mojo __ i__s a player vs player (PvP) cross-platform auto chess game reinvented for blockchain, allowing players to own their game characters (as NFTs) and play to earn in ongoing tournaments. Industry professionals develop the game with backgrounds at LucasArts, EA, Activision, and Happy Giant. Planet Mojo It is one of the few gaming projects with a vision to save the planet. And to align with this vision, the game has with the nonprofit to offset the environmental costs of its Moj-Seed NFTs. For every NFT purchased by players, the game will sponsor the planting of one tree in a forest loss area. partnered One Tree Planted The game has started an allow listing event for these NFTs, which is currently live. The allowlist winners will be revealed on May 5, 2022, who will be the first to receive the Moj-Seed NFTs. These tokens will offer holders early access to the game and various other valuable benefits. Final Thoughts While there are thousands of blockchain games available and in production, it's fair to say that only a handful of them provide high-quality gameplay that traditional gamers can resonate with. However, we hope this list may have introduced some gems not everyone is aware of. A combination of actual AAA gameplay designed on the Web3 and stunning graphics sets them apart from the rest. Facing the multiply doubts about Web 3 games from traditional gamers, high quality and rapid development to satisfy the player's expectation might be the only way to break the wall. Although it's challenging to produce and implement AAA games super quickly, projects such as Delysium have succeeded in doing so. Beyond the superiority of truly playable, Delysium designed accessible game entrances that fewer up-sells and reduce barriers to playing games, which could potentially be the key to bridging the gap between Web2 gamers and Web3! After all, if the traditional gaming industry can be worth without blockchain, imagine the potential it can have with blockchain and cryptocurrency? $200 billion

The Top 4 Truly Triple-A Blockchain Games to Play in 2022 

Los 4 mejores juegos de cadena de bloques verdaderamente Triple-A para jugar en 2022

Les 4 meilleurs jeux Blockchain véritablement Triple-A à jouer en 2022

2022 में खेलने के लिए शीर्ष 4 वास्तव में ट्रिपल-ए ब्लॉकचैन गेम्स

2022 年にプレイする真のトリプル A ブロックチェーン ゲーム トップ 4

Os 4 principais jogos Blockchain verdadeiramente triplos para jogar em 2022

4 trò chơi Blockchain thực sự ba-A hàng đầu để chơi vào năm 2022

2022 年最值得玩的 4 款真正 AAA 级区块链游戏

The Rise of AAA Blockchain Games and Metaverse UniX, a blockchain gaming guild, will launch an Initial Games Offering for its triple-A rated game known as Karmaverse. This is one of the first launches of a triple-A-rated game that may disrupt the GameFi ecosystem. Karmaverse is a metaverse entertainment platform that uses blockchain technology, making it fair and decentralized. It was launched in 2021. The gaming platform features several game worlds created and designed by Karmasgames, a prominent blockchain game developer, and toolsets that allow the community to develop comparable games on the platform. Avatar NFTs are a public NFT inside the Karmaverse that can be used in any game or in-game environment and allows users to create, modify freely, and exchange avatars. It also contains a token, KARMA, that can be used and exchanged throughout the Karmaverse, and it can be used to pay for all in-game resources and transactions. The gaming initiative has already attracted funding from some of the industry’s most prestigious venture capital companies. In a private fundraising round headed by prominent VCs such as A&T, TPS, and Yield Guild Games South East Asia, the Karmaverse project garnered a total of $8 million. Infinite Venture Capital, OKEx Blockdream Ventures, Foresight Ventures, NFX, Mindfulness Capital, and HashKey Capital were among the other investors in the round. At launch, a total of 3 million Karmaverse tokens will be issued, with a market valuation of $1.5 million. Once the game is published, the UniX launchpad will have a public sale of 1 million tokens, with each token selling for $0.5. Users will require the native Unix token, $UNIX, to invest in the platform, with $UNIX holders getting first dibs on the tokens. UniX Gaming was one of the first blockchain gaming companies to use the play-2-earn (P2E) concept. The platform blends the desire to have fun while gaming with an incentive-based concept that has attracted 190,000 users. The network also offers scholarships to its users and has grown into the world’s largest gaming community (guild), with over 5,000 students and over 10 million viewers. What is Initial Game Offering? - Understanding GameFi Fundraising Initial Game Offerings (IGO) are becoming more popular among crypto investors, thanks to the advent of GameFi. IGO enables you to pre-purchase NFTs or tokens in a blockchain game while still under development. Launchpad platforms are often used to coordinate IGOs. Investing via launchpads often necessitates users locking the platform’s native token for a certain length of time. Depending on the initiative, participants may get early access to the game’s tokens or NFTs. In certain situations, the tokens and NFTs obtained via IGOs may be exchanged on decentralized exchanges and NFT markets outside of the game environment. UniX, Binance NFT, BSCPad, TrustSwap, and EnjinStarter are IGO launchpads now available to users. The structure for an IGO varies with each launchpad; however, it typically needs investors to acquire the launchpad platform’s native token to participate. There is no assurance that IGOs will provide a profit, as there is with any investment. Always DYOR and examine the possible hazards before committing to any IGO. Check the game project’s website or social media to determine whether it has a clear goal or development roadmap, for example. You may also check to determine whether the project has any trustworthy investors or partners. After obtaining the necessary tokens, players must place them in a pool for a certain amount of time. According to the allocation mechanism, they will get the project’s token or NFTs based on the number of locked tokens. Through blockchain technology, IGOs provide a novel approach for game creators to finance their games. While IGOs may be a terrific method for investors to assist early-stage gaming businesses, they also come with many risks. Before putting your money on the line, you should always do your homework. Catch all the breaking news, and Don’t forget to like the story!

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