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Want to make royalty-free music with minimal effort? Whether you're looking for a cool backing track for your next social post, a funky theme song for your creative project, or even just some fresh tunes to listen to while working out, Tad AI can make it all happen. It’s an AI music generator, using advanced artificial intelligence technology to generate unique musical creations to suit a user’s prompts. You can ask it, for example, for a smooth synthpop song or a piece of electro-jazz, and it'll make exactly what you want, in an instant. Read on through our Tad review to learn all about this amazing AI music maker. What Is Tad AI How Does It Work? Tad is a web-based, text-to-music AI song generator. In simple terms, that means it can take a textual prompt, like “a classical song about floating on a lake” and make an actual original piece of music based on that prompt. Its groundbreaking technology, with almost limitless potential for future applications, and a lot of users, from artists to students to business owners, are using this tool daily to create new music. In terms of how it works, it's similar to how language models like ChatGPT are able to create content and produce an output based on a user prompt. Those models are trained on huge amounts of data to deliver accurate, relevant results to a user's query. With Tad, it's a similar story, except instead of producing a text-based output, it creates music, and the results are out-of-this-world, with countless fresh, inspiring, entertaining, and realistic tunes created daily. Key Features of Tad.ai So, what can you actually do with Tad? Here’s a quick rundown of all its main features: Create AI Music: As an AI music maker, Tad.ai allows users to generate musical tracks, songs, and clips, all with the power of AI. Users just have to type in the song title or lyrics they can think of, and then get some music made for them. It’s that simple, and it works incredibly well to produce fun, interesting, and entertaining output. Any Genre Supported: With Tad.ai, there are no limitations to the kind of content you can create. It understands the unique differences between various musical genres. So, you have the freedom to request any genre of music - classical, jazz, synth, pop, rock, metal, and others - and receive a precise, pertinent track consistently. Save and Download On-Demand: Whenever you make an AI song with Tad.ai, you’re free to save and download it to your devices, like your phone or computer. From there, you can even use it in a range of ways – like as a backing track on a YouTube video or social media post, for instance. Set the Mood: Tad.ai offers the unique feature of mood customization for your AI-generated music. Choose from a range of emotions, such as upbeat, energetic, romantic, or melancholic, to create tracks that precisely match the desired atmosphere for your creative projects. Generate AI Lyrics: In addition to composing AI music, Tad.ai also supports AI-generated lyrics, providing users with a comprehensive music creation experience. Experiment with the platform's advanced capabilities to produce engaging lyrics that perfectly complement your AI-generated tracks. Unique Advantages of Tad AI Next, let’s see some of the main selling points that set Tad.ai apart from other AI music generators: Free to Try: A great thing about Tad compared to other AI music makers is that it’s free to try for new users. So you can test the waters and listen to AI tracks without having to spend any money right away. Royalty-Free Output: All music made by Tad.ai is royalty-free. That means you can go ahead and use these tracks for commercial or personal purposes, like your social media account or business ads, without having to pay royalties. Easy to Work With: Tad.ai is a veritable joy to work with. It’s super simple, with an easy three-step process. You just enter a song title and lyrics, let Tad.ai generate a tune for you, and then listen and save it. Complete Customization: Last but not least, Tad AI gives you absolute freedom to make the sort of music you want. You can set the tempo, pick the genre, choose the mood, and more. You’re in charge. The Final Word To sum up, there really is no better AI music maker out there at the moment than Tad. With state-of-the-art technology and incredible output potential, it’s the perfect tool to use for making royalty-free tracks of any style, easily and conveniently. Test out Tad today and start creating your own classic tunes. This story was distributed by Margrowth under HackerNoon’s Brand As An Author Program. Learn more about the program here: https://business.hackernoon.com/brand-as-author Want to make royalty-free music with minimal effort? Whether you're looking for a cool backing track for your next social post, a funky theme song for your creative project, or even just some fresh tunes to listen to while working out, Tad AI can make it all happen. Tad AI Tad AI It’s an AI music generator, using advanced artificial intelligence technology to generate unique musical creations to suit a user’s prompts. You can ask it, for example, for a smooth synthpop song or a piece of electro-jazz, and it'll make exactly what you want, in an instant. Read on through our Tad review to learn all about this amazing AI music maker. What Is Tad AI How Does It Work? Tad is a web-based, text-to-music AI song generator . AI song generator AI song generator In simple terms, that means it can take a textual prompt, like “a classical song about floating on a lake” and make an actual original piece of music based on that prompt. Its groundbreaking technology, with almost limitless potential for future applications, and a lot of users, from artists to students to business owners, are using this tool daily to create new music. In terms of how it works, it's similar to how language models like ChatGPT are able to create content and produce an output based on a user prompt. Those models are trained on huge amounts of data to deliver accurate, relevant results to a user's query. With Tad, it's a similar story, except instead of producing a text-based output, it creates music, and the results are out-of-this-world, with countless fresh, inspiring, entertaining, and realistic tunes created daily. Key Features of Tad.ai So, what can you actually do with Tad? Here’s a quick rundown of all its main features: Create AI Music: As an AI music maker, Tad.ai allows users to generate musical tracks, songs, and clips, all with the power of AI. Users just have to type in the song title or lyrics they can think of, and then get some music made for them. It’s that simple, and it works incredibly well to produce fun, interesting, and entertaining output. Create AI Music: As an AI music maker, Tad.ai allows users to generate musical tracks, songs, and clips, all with the power of AI. Users just have to type in the song title or lyrics they can think of, and then get some music made for them. It’s that simple, and it works incredibly well to produce fun, interesting, and entertaining output. Any Genre Supported: With Tad.ai, there are no limitations to the kind of content you can create. It understands the unique differences between various musical genres. So, you have the freedom to request any genre of music - classical, jazz, synth, pop, rock, metal, and others - and receive a precise, pertinent track consistently. Any Genre Supported: With Tad.ai, there are no limitations to the kind of content you can create. It understands the unique differences between various musical genres. So, you have the freedom to request any genre of music - classical, jazz, synth, pop, rock, metal, and others - and receive a precise, pertinent track consistently. Save and Download On-Demand: Whenever you make an AI song with Tad.ai, you’re free to save and download it to your devices, like your phone or computer. From there, you can even use it in a range of ways – like as a backing track on a YouTube video or social media post, for instance. Save and Download On-Demand: Whenever you make an AI song with Tad.ai, you’re free to save and download it to your devices, like your phone or computer. From there, you can even use it in a range of ways – like as a backing track on a YouTube video or social media post, for instance. Set the Mood: Tad.ai offers the unique feature of mood customization for your AI-generated music. Choose from a range of emotions, such as upbeat, energetic, romantic, or melancholic, to create tracks that precisely match the desired atmosphere for your creative projects. Set the Mood: Tad.ai offers the unique feature of mood customization for your AI-generated music. Choose from a range of emotions, such as upbeat, energetic, romantic, or melancholic, to create tracks that precisely match the desired atmosphere for your creative projects. Generate AI Lyrics: In addition to composing AI music, Tad.ai also supports AI-generated lyrics, providing users with a comprehensive music creation experience. Experiment with the platform's advanced capabilities to produce engaging lyrics that perfectly complement your AI-generated tracks. Generate AI Lyrics: In addition to composing AI music, Tad.ai also supports AI-generated lyrics, providing users with a comprehensive music creation experience. Experiment with the platform's advanced capabilities to produce engaging lyrics that perfectly complement your AI-generated tracks. Unique Advantages of Tad AI Next, let’s see some of the main selling points that set Tad.ai apart from other AI music generators: Free to Try: A great thing about Tad compared to other AI music makers is that it’s free to try for new users. So you can test the waters and listen to AI tracks without having to spend any money right away. Free to Try: A great thing about Tad compared to other AI music makers is that it’s free to try for new users. So you can test the waters and listen to AI tracks without having to spend any money right away. Royalty-Free Output: All music made by Tad.ai is royalty-free. That means you can go ahead and use these tracks for commercial or personal purposes, like your social media account or business ads, without having to pay royalties. Royalty-Free Output: All music made by Tad.ai is royalty-free. That means you can go ahead and use these tracks for commercial or personal purposes, like your social media account or business ads, without having to pay royalties. Easy to Work With: Tad.ai is a veritable joy to work with. It’s super simple, with an easy three-step process. You just enter a song title and lyrics, let Tad.ai generate a tune for you, and then listen and save it. Easy to Work With: Tad.ai is a veritable joy to work with. It’s super simple, with an easy three-step process. You just enter a song title and lyrics, let Tad.ai generate a tune for you, and then listen and save it. Complete Customization: Last but not least, Tad AI gives you absolute freedom to make the sort of music you want. You can set the tempo, pick the genre, choose the mood, and more. You’re in charge. Complete Customization: Last but not least, Tad AI gives you absolute freedom to make the sort of music you want. You can set the tempo, pick the genre, choose the mood, and more. You’re in charge. The Final Word To sum up, there really is no better AI music maker out there at the moment than Tad. With state-of-the-art technology and incredible output potential, it’s the perfect tool to use for making royalty-free tracks of any style, easily and conveniently. Test out Tad today and start creating your own classic tunes. This story was distributed by Margrowth under HackerNoon’s Brand As An Author Program. Learn more about the program here: https://business.hackernoon.com/brand-as-author This story was distributed by Margrowth under HackerNoon’s Brand As An Author Program. Learn more about the program here: https://business.hackernoon.com/brand-as-author This story was distributed by Margrowth under HackerNoon’s Brand As An Author Program. Learn more about the program here: https://business.hackernoon.com/brand-as-author https://business.hackernoon.com/brand-as-author

Tad AI Review: Make High-Quality, Royalty-Free Music with AI

ታድ AI ክለሳ፡ ከፍተኛ ጥራት ያለው፣ ከሮያልቲ-ነጻ ሙዚቃ ከ AI ጋር ይስሩ

مراجعة Tad AI: اصنع موسيقى عالية الجودة وخالية من حقوق الملكية باستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي

Tad AI পর্যালোচনা: AI দিয়ে উচ্চ-মানের, রয়্যালটি-মুক্ত সঙ্গীত তৈরি করুন

Tad AI Review: Lav royaltyfri musik af høj kvalitet med AI

Reseña de Tad AI: crea música de alta calidad y sin derechos de autor con IA

Test de Tad AI : créez de la musique de haute qualité et libre de droits avec l'IA

टैड एआई समीक्षा: एआई के साथ उच्च-गुणवत्ता, रॉयल्टी-मुक्त संगीत बनाएं

Tad AI レビュー: AI で高品質、ロイヤリティフリーの音楽を作成

Tad AI Review: Maak hoogwaardige, royaltyvrije muziek met AI

Tad AI සමාලෝචනය: AI සමඟ උසස් තත්ත්වයේ, රාජකීයත්වය-නිදහස් සංගීතය සාදන්න

Recenzia Tad AI: Vytvárajte vysokokvalitnú hudbu bez licenčných poplatkov pomocou AI

Tad AI syn: AI bilen ýokary hilli, roýaltsyz aýdym-saz düzüň

You open Instagram anytime, and your feed is flooded with posts promoted by influencers. Who are they? Influencers are individuals who have credibility in a specific niche, and people follow them and what they recommend on social media. For example, a celebrity promoting a protein bar brand on Snapchat showcasing that he consumes the same protein bar and is loving it. People are influenced by it and start buying the same protein bar. Another real-world example is Great Learning, an ed-tech company where they partnered with Virat Kohli, an Indian cricketer, to promote their online courses. Today, influencer marketing has become essential to businesses' complete marketing strategies. The Indian influencer market is expected to cross $280 million. For small businesses, leveraging micro-influencers can be particularly effective. This article will explore why micro-influencers are a secret weapon for small business growth. So, if you own a small business, this article is purely for you: What are Micro-influencers, and How Are They Special? Micro-influencers are influencers with followers between 1,000 and 100,000. They interact with their small followers and influence them to use their recommended products or services. These influencers typically have expertise in a particular domain, such as fitness, beauty, parenting, etc. They either become brand ambassadors or create content endorsing a product or service. They build a community around their interests and involve everyone on a single platform. For example, the millennial doc is a mom blogger who posts mom-related content and collaborates with various products. She has a follower count of around 50K. Mega influencers, on the other hand, are celebrities or influencers with more than 1 million followers. Not every business can afford to partner with mega influencers because they charge a high fee, which small businesses cannot afford. Also Read: Types of Influencers You Can Choose Based on Your Niche Why Do Small Brands Choose Micro-Influencers? Small Business often chooses Micro-influencers for several reasons: Higher engagement Because Micro-influencers deal in niche areas and have a small number of followers, they often have higher engagement rates. They also have more loyal followers with high levels of trust. For example, a baby food brand might collaborate with a micro-influencer who shares mom- and baby-related content. Their followers trust them and would want to try what the influencer has recommended. Authenticity and Trust Micro-influencers have a close-knit relationship with their followers. Followers feel that these influencers will be real and honest with them. For example, a local kids' clothing brand in Bangalore partners with various Momfluencers based in Bangalore who have less than 100K followers. This will help them target Bangalore moms who are interested in buying clothes for their kids. Cost Effective Small businesses do not have high marketing budgets, so they choose micro-influencers who do not charge hefty amounts like macro-influencers or world-renowned celebrities. This affordability allows small businesses with limited marketing budgets to run multiple campaigns and reach diverse audiences. Organic conversions With micro-influencers, you can expect the audience to engage with your business organically because they are like-minded people. This way, you can increase the number of your prospective consumers. Diversity of Platforms With micro-influencers, you can reach types of social media platforms that are highly effective depending on your target audience. These micro-influencers are able to connect with their followers on diverse platforms. Like this, you will be able to have good communication with your niche audiences. Real-World Examples of Micro-Influencer Success Mamaearth Mamaearth is a popular Indian skincare brand. The brand works with many micro influencers in India and their strategy works for them. The brand has seen an increase in its brand engagement and sales which is a result of the authentic and genuine content that their micro influencers post. Licious Licious is an online meat delivery food in India. It's a brand scaled up with micro-influencers and reposting their content on its profile. This helped them to reach more audiences and increase their customer base. How Small Businesses Can Leverage Micro-Influencers: 4 Basic Steps Small businesses have a huge scope to grow, and that's why it's essential to choose the right micro-influencers for their promotion. It's vital to understand the niche in which influencers deal and then select them for your brand: Identify the Right Influencers to meet your goals and objectives Before proceeding with influencer marketing tactics, it's important to choose the right influencer. Find individuals whose values align with your brand. You should select the one who really connects with their followers. Tools like BuzzSumo, HypeAuditor, and Social Blade can help you identify potential influencers in your niche. Select the platform Discuss and choose on which platform you want to promote your brand. Influencers are there on YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, and many other social media websites.  You need to analyze your audience type and select what platform is stable for you to promote your product. Coordinate and Create Engaging Campaigns Both the business and influencers should be on the same terms when creating campaigns for the brand. Both should discuss their ideas and allow each other the freedom to express their ideas. Provide freedom to the influencers to show their creativity so that the promotions look authentic. For e.g., if you are a food brand, you should allow an influencer to create their own recipes using your products. Have a track on the campaigns Once you are downrunning the campaign, remember to track the performance of your influencer campaigns. Monitor key metrics such as engagement rates, website traffic, and sales conversions. Adjust your strategy based on these insights to optimize future campaigns. Challenges of Working With Micro-influencers Time-consuming Identifying the right influencers and managing multiple micro-influencers is very time-consuming. You need a separate team to deal with this. However, nowadays, there are tools that can help you manage multiple micro-influencers and monitor their performance. Finding the Right Fit One of the biggest challenges in micro-influencer marketing is finding influencers who are the right fit for your brand. It’s essential to conduct thorough research and vet potential influencers to ensure they align with your brand’s values and target audience. Balance between guidelines and creative freedom Multiple influencer campaigns can be challenging. Sometimes, they don't follow the guidelines you provide, and hence, you should ensure that there is proper maintenance of terms and conditions while allowing them the creative freedom to maintain authenticity. Conclusion Micro-influencers offer small businesses a powerful and cost-effective way to reach and engage with their target audience. Micro-influencers are often considered the powerhouse that can change the way you live. Business looks. If you are a small business, you should definitely leverage this to get higher engagement rates and build lasting relationships. Whether you’re a start-up or an established small business, integrating micro-influencer marketing into your strategy can unlock new opportunities for success. So, are you ready to harness micro-influencers power for your small business? Start today, and watch your brand grow with the help of these authentic and influential voices. What do you think about this article, do let us know in the comments. Some Frequently Asked Questions About Micro-Influencers What is the difference between micro-influencers, nano-influencers, and macro-influencers? Micro-influencers: 1K-100K followers,
Nano-influencers under 1K, and
Macro-influencers over 1M. For more information on the types of influencers, go through this article. How to find suitable micro-influencers? There are various influencer marketing tools that you can use to find relevant influencers for your campaigns. How much do micro-influencers charge? The charges by micro-influencers are based on their followers, engagement, and niche. How can I measure micro-influencer success? You can track the engagement rates, click-through rates, conversions, and ROI to measure the success of micro-influencer campaigns. You open Instagram anytime, and your feed is flooded with posts promoted by influencers. Who are they? Influencers are individuals who have credibility in a specific niche, and people follow them and what they recommend on social media. For example , a celebrity promoting a protein bar brand on Snapchat showcasing that he consumes the same protein bar and is loving it. People are influenced by it and start buying the same protein bar. For example Another real-world example is Great Learning, an ed-tech company where they partnered with Virat Kohli, an Indian cricketer, to promote their online courses. Today, influencer marketing has become essential to businesses' complete marketing strategies. The Indian influencer market is expected to cross $280 million . For small businesses, leveraging micro-influencers can be particularly effective. $280 million $280 million This article will explore why micro-influencers are a secret weapon for small business growth. So, if you own a small business, this article is purely for you: What are Micro-influencers, and How Are They Special? Micro-influencers are influencers with followers between 1,000 and 100,000. They interact with their small followers and influence them to use their recommended products or services. These influencers typically have expertise in a particular domain, such as fitness, beauty, parenting, etc. They either become brand ambassadors or create content endorsing a product or service. They build a community around their interests and involve everyone on a single platform. For example, the millennial doc is a mom blogger who posts mom-related content and collaborates with various products. She has a follower count of around 50K. the millennial doc the millennial doc Mega influencers, on the other hand, are celebrities or influencers with more than 1 million followers. Not every business can afford to partner with mega influencers because they charge a high fee, which small businesses cannot afford. Also Read: Types of Influencers You Can Choose Based on Your Niche Also Read: Types of Influencers You Can Choose Based on Your Niche Types of Influencers You Can Choose Based on Your Niche Types of Influencers You Can Choose Based on Your Niche Why Do Small Brands Choose Micro-Influencers? Small Business often chooses Micro-influencers for several reasons: Higher engagement Higher engagement Because Micro-influencers deal in niche areas and have a small number of followers, they often have higher engagement rates. They also have more loyal followers with high levels of trust. For example , a baby food brand might collaborate with a micro-influencer who shares mom- and baby-related content. Their followers trust them and would want to try what the influencer has recommended. For example Authenticity and Trust Authenticity and Trust Micro-influencers have a close-knit relationship with their followers. Followers feel that these influencers will be real and honest with them. For example , a local kids' clothing brand in Bangalore partners with various Momfluencers based in Bangalore who have less than 100K followers. This will help them target Bangalore moms who are interested in buying clothes for their kids. For example For example Cost Effective Cost Effective Small businesses do not have high marketing budgets, so they choose micro-influencers who do not charge hefty amounts like macro-influencers or world-renowned celebrities. This affordability allows small businesses with limited marketing budgets to run multiple campaigns and reach diverse audiences. Organic conversions Organic conversions With micro-influencers, you can expect the audience to engage with your business organically because they are like-minded people. This way, you can increase the number of your prospective consumers. Diversity of Platforms Diversity of Platforms With micro-influencers, you can reach types of social media platforms that are highly effective depending on your target audience. These micro-influencers are able to connect with their followers on diverse platforms. Like this, you will be able to have good communication with your niche audiences. Real-World Examples of Micro-Influencer Success Mamaearth Mamaearth Mamaearth is a popular Indian skincare brand. The brand works with many micro influencers in India and their strategy works for them. The brand has seen an increase in its brand engagement and sales which is a result of the authentic and genuine content that their micro influencers post. Licious Licious Licious is an online meat delivery food in India. It's a brand scaled up with micro-influencers and reposting their content on its profile. This helped them to reach more audiences and increase their customer base. How Small Businesses Can Leverage Micro-Influencers: 4 Basic Steps Small businesses have a huge scope to grow, and that's why it's essential to choose the right micro-influencers for their promotion. It's vital to understand the niche in which influencers deal and then select them for your brand: Identify the Right Influencers to meet your goals and objectives Identify the Right Influencers to meet your goals and objectives Before proceeding with influencer marketing tactics, it's important to choose the right influencer. Find individuals whose values align with your brand. You should select the one who really connects with their followers. Tools like BuzzSumo, HypeAuditor, and Social Blade can help you identify potential influencers in your niche. Select the platform Select the platform Discuss and choose on which platform you want to promote your brand. Influencers are there on YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, and many other social media websites.  You need to analyze your audience type and select what platform is stable for you to promote your product. Coordinate and Create Engaging Campaigns Coordinate and Create Engaging Campaigns Both the business and influencers should be on the same terms when creating campaigns for the brand. Both should discuss their ideas and allow each other the freedom to express their ideas. Provide freedom to the influencers to show their creativity so that the promotions look authentic. For e.g. , if you are a food brand, you should allow an influencer to create their own recipes using your products. For e.g. For e.g. Have a track on the campaigns Have a track on the campaigns Once you are downrunning the campaign, remember to track the performance of your influencer campaigns. Monitor key metrics such as engagement rates, website traffic, and sales conversions. Adjust your strategy based on these insights to optimize future campaigns. Challenges of Working With Micro-influencers Time-consuming Time-consuming Identifying the right influencers and managing multiple micro-influencers is very time-consuming. You need a separate team to deal with this. However, nowadays, there are tools that can help you manage multiple micro-influencers and monitor their performance. Finding the Right Fit Finding the Right Fit One of the biggest challenges in micro-influencer marketing is finding influencers who are the right fit for your brand. It’s essential to conduct thorough research and vet potential influencers to ensure they align with your brand’s values and target audience. Balance between guidelines and creative freedom Balance between guidelines and creative freedom Multiple influencer campaigns can be challenging. Sometimes, they don't follow the guidelines you provide, and hence, you should ensure that there is proper maintenance of terms and conditions while allowing them the creative freedom to maintain authenticity. Conclusion Micro-influencers offer small businesses a powerful and cost-effective way to reach and engage with their target audience. Micro-influencers are often considered the powerhouse that can change the way you live. Business looks. If you are a small business, you should definitely leverage this to get higher engagement rates and build lasting relationships. Whether you’re a start-up or an established small business, integrating micro-influencer marketing into your strategy can unlock new opportunities for success. So, are you ready to harness micro-influencers power for your small business? Start today, and watch your brand grow with the help of these authentic and influential voices. What do you think about this article, do let us know in the comments. What do you think about this article, do let us know in the comments. Some Frequently Asked Questions About Micro-Influencers What is the difference between micro-influencers, nano-influencers, and macro-influencers? Micro-influencers: 1K-100K followers, Nano-influencers under 1K, and Macro-influencers over 1M. Micro-influencers: 1K-100K followers, Nano-influencers under 1K, and Macro-influencers over 1M. For more information on the types of influencers, go through this article . article article How to find suitable micro-influencers? How to find suitable micro-influencers? There are various influencer marketing tools that you can use to find relevant influencers for your campaigns. How much do micro-influencers charge? How much do micro-influencers charge? The charges by micro-influencers are based on their followers, engagement, and niche. How can I measure micro-influencer success? How can I measure micro-influencer success? You can track the engagement rates, click-through rates, conversions, and ROI to measure the success of micro-influencer campaigns.

Micro-Influencers: The Secret Weapon for Small Business Growth

Startups Of The Year 2023: Asia Winners

Scientific American Supplement, No. 711, August 17, 1889, by Various, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . THE ELECTRIC MOTOR TESTS ON THE NEW YORK ELEVATED RAILROAD. here THE ELECTRIC MOTOR TESTS ON THE NEW YORK ELEVATED RAILROAD. The American Institute of Electrical Engineers at its last meeting of the season, held June 25, again considered the subject of electrical traction, the paper presented by Mr. Leo Daft being based upon some recent electrical work on the elevated railroads and its bearing on the rapid transit problem. The gives the following abstract: Railroad Gazette He introduced the subject with a tribute to the efficiency of the elevated railroad system as it is now operated by steam, with special reference to that section of it known as the Ninth Avenue line, upon which his experiments with the electric motor have been conducted, over which passengers are now conveyed a distance of five miles in 26 minutes for five cents, which he considered the best and cheapest municipal rapid transit in the world, and which is operated with a higher degree of safety than any other railroad in the world making an equal number of stops per 100 miles. On a recent holiday, April 30 last, 835,720 passengers were carried upon the entire system without noticeable detention or accident. The rapidly increasing traffic makes the demand for better facilities a pressing one, and as the average half million now carried daily will soon become a million, it appears doubtful if any method can be devised of providing for the growth by the use of steam motors on the present structures, which are now taxed to their utmost. To the mind of the mechanical engineer, having in view the ordinary coefficients of tractive ability, there is no remedy for this. The speaker stated that these coefficients were not entirely trustworthy. He reiterated his previously expressed opinion, based on frequent experiments, that there is a decided increase in traction gained by the passage of the electric current from the wheels to the rails, giving the details of one test where a motor with a load making a total of 600 lb. climbed a gradient of 2,900 ft. per mile, starting from a state of rest. He stated that some of those people who had ridiculed his statements had finally admitted that they were true. The motor Ben Franklin, which had been used in making these tests on the elevated roads, weighed 10 tons, and performed service nearly equal to the steam motors weighing 18 tons. The object of these tests was the determination of coal economy. Tests with a Prony brake showed that the motor developed 128 H.P. The piece of track on which the experiments were conducted embraced 2,200 ft. of level track and 1-8/10 miles of gradients, varying from 11-3/10 to 98-7/10 ft. per mile, while at Thirtieth street the station is at the foot of the steepest grade, thus testing to the utmost the tractive capacity of the motor. The experiments were begun in October, 1888, and carried on between the hours of 9 P.M. and 4 A.M., beginning with one or two cars, the load being increased nightly until it was finally made up of eight coaches of 12 tons each, which were hauled up the 98 ft. grade at a speed of 7½ miles per hour, the entire distance being covered at the rate of 14-6/10 miles per hour. The maximum speed obtained on level with that train was 16.36 miles per hour. Seventy trips were subsequently made with a 70 ton train operated between the steam trains under 3 minutes headway, but the work was considered too critical on account of the absence of suitable brakes. A number of experiments made about this time showed that the mean speed with a three-car train running express on the up-town track was about 24 miles per hour, although the ability of the motor on a level with a similar train was nearly 28 miles per hour. This, however, was not the maximum speed, as the level track was not long enough to permit of its attaining the highest rate. It was the opinion of the speaker, however, that the speed attained could not be exceeded with prudence on the elevated structure. The measurements of speed were made by dividing the track into 19 sections of 500 ft., each section being provided with a circuit-closing plate connected with a chronograph which was carefully tested. The indicator cards were taken at the central station by Mr. Idell and his assistants, and the dynamometer used was of the liquid type made by Mr. Shaw, of Philadelphia. The diagrams prepared from the data obtained were then explained by the speaker, who stated that there was not a marked difference between the 10 ton motor and the 18 ton locomotive in the initial effort on the level, as will be seen by comparing a run observed by a railroad officer on March 9 with a steam motor and a load of about 57½ tons. The steam motor required 1 min. and 29 sec. to make the distance from 14th to 23d streets, while the electric motor with a train of 70 tons made the same trip in 1 min. and 50 sec.; the absence of power brakes compelled the current to be taken off at 19th street, while it was probable that the throttle of the steam locomotive was not closed until it reached 23d street, this being the usual practice. The data obtained in these experiments shows that 29,940 h.p. is required to operate the Ninth avenue railroad for the 16 hours' service, or an average of 1,871 h.p. per hour, or 2,181 h.p., adding station friction. The varying requirements of the traffic during the day shows that the service could be advantageously divided up between four stationary engines of 800 h.p. each, there being but five hours of the day when all of them would be required. The fuel consumption per day, allowing 22 lb. of coal per h.p. per hour at $2.25 per ton, would make a total of $92.25 per diem for fuel, the coal being a mixture deliverable at the dock for about $1.80 per ton. The weight of coal used for the present locomotives is about the same, viz., 40 tons per day, but practice has shown it to be most economical to use coal of the best quality, costing $5 per ton, making the cost of fuel about double that required for the electric system. Without entering into other economies which the speaker claimed were in favor of electricity, and ignoring the plan suggested by Sir William Siemens of braking the train by converting the motor into a dynamo and thus utilizing the energy of momentum, he believed that the economy in fuel alone was sufficient to prove that the application of power by electricity was preferable to direct steam propulsion for the elevated railroad service. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Various (2004). Scientific American Supplement, No. 711, August 17, 1889. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/16972/pg16972-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

THE ELECTRIC MOTOR TESTS ON THE NEW YORK ELEVATED RAILROAD

Anne's House of Dreams by L. M. Montgomery, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book here . SPRING DAYS CHAPTER 18. SPRING DAYS The ice in the harbor grew black and rotten in the March suns; in April there were blue waters and a windy, white-capped gulf again; and again the Four Winds light begemmed the twilights. "I'm so glad to see it once more," said Anne, on the first evening of its reappearance. "I've missed it so all winter. The northwestern sky has seemed blank and lonely without it." The land was tender with brand-new, golden-green, baby leaves. There was an emerald mist on the woods beyond the Glen. The seaward valleys were full of fairy mists at dawn. Vibrant winds came and went with salt foam in their breath. The sea laughed and flashed and preened and allured, like a beautiful, coquettish woman. The herring schooled and the fishing village woke to life. The harbor was alive with white sails making for the channel. The ships began to sail outward and inward again. "On a spring day like this," said Anne, "I know exactly what my soul will feel like on the resurrection morning." "There are times in spring when I sorter feel that I might have been a poet if I'd been caught young," remarked Captain Jim. "I catch myself conning over old lines and verses I heard the schoolmaster reciting sixty years ago. They don't trouble me at other times. Now I feel as if I had to get out on the rocks or the fields or the water and spout them." Captain Jim had come up that afternoon to bring Anne a load of shells for her garden, and a little bunch of sweet-grass which he had found in a ramble over the sand dunes. "It's getting real scarce along this shore now," he said. "When I was a boy there was a-plenty of it. But now it's only once in a while you'll find a plot—and never when you're looking for it. You jest have to stumble on it—you're walking along on the sand hills, never thinking of sweet-grass—and all at once the air is full of sweetness—and there's the grass under your feet. I favor the smell of sweet-grass. It always makes me think of my mother." "She was fond of it?" asked Anne. "Not that I knows on. Dunno's she ever saw any sweet-grass. No, it's because it has a kind of motherly perfume—not too young, you understand—something kind of seasoned and wholesome and dependable—jest like a mother. The schoolmaster's bride always kept it among her handkerchiefs. You might put that little bunch among yours, Mistress Blythe. I don't like these boughten scents—but a whiff of sweet-grass belongs anywhere a lady does." Anne had not been especially enthusiastic over the idea of surrounding her flower beds with quahog shells; as a decoration they did not appeal to her on first thought. But she would not have hurt Captain Jim's feelings for anything; so she assumed a virtue she did not at first feel, and thanked him heartily. And when Captain Jim had proudly encircled every bed with a rim of the big, milk-white shells, Anne found to her surprise that she liked the effect. On a town lawn, or even up at the Glen, they would not have been in keeping, but here, in the old-fashioned, sea-bound garden of the little house of dreams, they BELONGED. "They DO look nice," she said sincerely. "The schoolmaster's bride always had cowhawks round her beds," said Captain Jim. "She was a master hand with flowers. She LOOKED at 'em—and touched 'em—SO—and they grew like mad. Some folks have that knack—I reckon you have it, too, Mistress Blythe." "Oh, I don't know—but I love my garden, and I love working in it. To potter with green, growing things, watching each day to see the dear, new sprouts come up, is like taking a hand in creation, I think. Just now my garden is like faith—the substance of things hoped for. But bide a wee." "It always amazes me to look at the little, wrinkled brown seeds and think of the rainbows in 'em," said Captain Jim. "When I ponder on them seeds I don't find it nowise hard to believe that we've got souls that'll live in other worlds. You couldn't hardly believe there was life in them tiny things, some no bigger than grains of dust, let alone color and scent, if you hadn't seen the miracle, could you?" Anne, who was counting her days like silver beads on a rosary, could not now take the long walk to the lighthouse or up the Glen road. But Miss Cornelia and Captain Jim came very often to the little house. Miss Cornelia was the joy of Anne's and Gilbert's existence. They laughed side-splittingly over her speeches after every visit. When Captain Jim and she happened to visit the little house at the same time there was much sport for the listening. They waged wordy warfare, she attacking, he defending. Anne once reproached the Captain for his baiting of Miss Cornelia. "Oh, I do love to set her going, Mistress Blythe," chuckled the unrepentant sinner. "It's the greatest amusement I have in life. That tongue of hers would blister a stone. And you and that young dog of a doctor enj'y listening to her as much as I do." Captain Jim came along another evening to bring Anne some mayflowers. The garden was full of the moist, scented air of a maritime spring evening. There was a milk-white mist on the edge of the sea, with a young moon kissing it, and a silver gladness of stars over the Glen. The bell of the church across the harbor was ringing dreamily sweet. The mellow chime drifted through the dusk to mingle with the soft spring-moan of the sea. Captain Jim's mayflowers added the last completing touch to the charm of the night. "I haven't seen any this spring, and I've missed them," said Anne, burying her face in them. "They ain't to be found around Four Winds, only in the barrens away behind the Glen up yander. I took a little trip today to the Land-of-nothing-to-do, and hunted these up for you. I reckon they're the last you'll see this spring, for they're nearly done." "How kind and thoughtful you are, Captain Jim. Nobody else—not even Gilbert"—with a shake of her head at him—"remembered that I always long for mayflowers in spring." "Well, I had another errand, too—I wanted to take Mr. Howard back yander a mess of trout. He likes one occasional, and it's all I can do for a kindness he did me once. I stayed all the afternoon and talked to him. He likes to talk to me, though he's a highly eddicated man and I'm only an ignorant old sailor, because he's one of the folks that's GOT to talk or they're miserable, and he finds listeners scarce around here. The Glen folks fight shy of him because they think he's an infidel. He ain't that far gone exactly—few men is, I reckon—but he's what you might call a heretic. Heretics are wicked, but they're mighty int'resting. It's jest that they've got sorter lost looking for God, being under the impression that He's hard to find—which He ain't never. Most of 'em blunder to Him after awhile, I guess. I don't think listening to Mr. Howard's arguments is likely to do me much harm. Mind you, I believe what I was brought up to believe. It saves a vast of bother—and back of it all, God is good. The trouble with Mr. Howard is that he's a leetle TOO clever. He thinks that he's bound to live up to his cleverness, and that it's smarter to thrash out some new way of getting to heaven than to go by the old track the common, ignorant folks is travelling. But he'll get there sometime all right, and then he'll laugh at himself." "Mr. Howard was a Methodist to begin with," said Miss Cornelia, as if she thought he had not far to go from that to heresy. "Do you know, Cornelia," said Captain Jim gravely, "I've often thought that if I wasn't a Presbyterian I'd be a Methodist." "Oh, well," conceded Miss Cornelia, "if you weren't a Presbyterian it wouldn't matter much what you were. Speaking of heresy, reminds me, doctor—I've brought back that book you lent me—that Natural Law in the Spiritual World—I didn't read more'n a third of it. I can read sense, and I can read nonsense, but that book is neither the one nor the other." "It IS considered rather heretical in some quarters," admitted Gilbert, "but I told you that before you took it, Miss Cornelia." "Oh, I wouldn't have minded its being heretical. I can stand wickedness, but I can't stand foolishness," said Miss Cornelia calmly, and with the air of having said the last thing there was to say about Natural Law. "Speaking of books, A Mad Love come to an end at last two weeks ago," remarked Captain Jim musingly. "It run to one hundred and three chapters. When they got married the book stopped right off, so I reckon their troubles were all over. It's real nice that that's the way in books anyhow, isn't it, even if 'tistn't so anywhere else?" "I never read novels," said Miss Cornelia. "Did you hear how Geordie Russell was today, Captain Jim?" "Yes, I called in on my way home to see him. He's getting round all right—but stewing in a broth of trouble, as usual, poor man. "'Course he brews up most of it for himself, but I reckon that don't make it any easier to bear." "He's an awful pessimist," said Miss Cornelia. "Well, no, he ain't a pessimist exactly, Cornelia. He only jest never finds anything that suits him." "And isn't that a pessimist?" "No, no. A pessimist is one who never expects to find anything to suit him. Geordie hain't got THAT far yet." "You'd find something good to say of the devil himself, Jim Boyd." "Well, you've heard the story of the old lady who said he was persevering. But no, Cornelia, I've nothing good to say of the devil." "Do you believe in him at all?" asked Miss Cornelia seriously. "How can you ask that when you know what a good Presbyterian I am, Cornelia? How could a Presbyterian get along without a devil?" "DO you?" persisted Miss Cornelia. Captain Jim suddenly became grave. "I believe in what I heard a minister once call 'a mighty and malignant and INTELLIGENT power of evil working in the universe,'" he said solemnly. "I do THAT, Cornelia. You can call it the devil, or the 'principle of evil,' or the Old Scratch, or any name you like. It's THERE, and all the infidels and heretics in the world can't argue it away, any more'n they can argue God away. It's there, and it's working. But, mind you, Cornelia, I believe it's going to get the worst of it in the long run." "I am sure I hope so," said Miss Cornelia, none too hopefully. "But speaking of the devil, I am positive that Billy Booth is possessed by him now. Have you heard of Billy's latest performance?" "No, what was that?" "He's gone and burned up his wife's new, brown broadcloth suit, that she paid twenty-five dollars for in Charlottetown, because he declares the men looked too admiring at her when she wore it to church the first time. Wasn't that like a man?" "Mistress Booth IS mighty pretty, and brown's her color," said Captain Jim reflectively. "Is that any good reason why he should poke her new suit into the kitchen stove? Billy Booth is a jealous fool, and he makes his wife's life miserable. She's cried all the week about her suit. Oh, Anne, I wish I could write like you, believe ME. Wouldn't I score some of the men round here!" "Those Booths are all a mite queer," said Captain Jim. "Billy seemed the sanest of the lot till he got married and then this queer jealous streak cropped out in him. His brother Daniel, now, was always odd." "Took tantrums every few days or so and wouldn't get out of bed," said Miss Cornelia with a relish. "His wife would have to do all the barn work till he got over his spell. When he died people wrote her letters of condolence; if I'd written anything it would have been one of congratulation. Their father, old Abram Booth, was a disgusting old sot. He was drunk at his wife's funeral, and kept reeling round and hiccuping 'I didn't dri—i—i—nk much but I feel a—a—awfully que—e—e—r.' I gave him a good jab in the back with my umbrella when he came near me, and it sobered him up until they got the casket out of the house. Young Johnny Booth was to have been married yesterday, but he couldn't be because he's gone and got the mumps. Wasn't that like a man?" "How could he help getting the mumps, poor fellow?" "I'd poor fellow him, believe ME, if I was Kate Sterns. I don't know how he could help getting the mumps, but I DO know the wedding supper was all prepared and everything will be spoiled before he's well again. Such a waste! He should have had the mumps when he was a boy." "Come, come, Cornelia, don't you think you're a mite unreasonable?" Miss Cornelia disdained to reply and turned instead to Susan Baker, a grim-faced, kind-hearted elderly spinster of the Glen, who had been installed as maid-of-all-work at the little house for some weeks. Susan had been up to the Glen to make a sick call, and had just returned. "How is poor old Aunt Mandy tonight?" asked Miss Cornelia. Susan sighed. "Very poorly—very poorly, Cornelia. I am afraid she will soon be in heaven, poor thing!" "Oh, surely, it's not so bad as that!" exclaimed Miss Cornelia, sympathetically. Captain Jim and Gilbert looked at each other. Then they suddenly rose and went out. "There are times," said Captain Jim, between spasms, "when it would be a sin NOT to laugh. Them two excellent women!" About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. L. M. Montgomery (1996). Anne's House of Dreams. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/544/pg544-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org , located at https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html. The lead image was generated using HackerNoon's Stable Disffusion Al Image Generator feature, via the prompt "ANNE'S HOUSE OF DREAMS".

SPRING DAYS

Launching a startup is one thing; finding an investor is another. Most founders know that searching for the right investor can make or break a company’s ability to pivot and scale. From business decision-making to coaching, these VCs are the guiding force that every entrepreneur needs to make big swings and stay on track. On today’s episode of Startups On Demand, I am joined by , Principal at , where he brings experience in partnering with startups as well as mentoring and helping teams to scale up. Aviad Ben-laish StageOne Ventures We talk about the importance of speed in early-stage , the involvement of investors in helping founders pivot their company, and the 3 main criteria StageOne is looking for in an entrepreneur. startups Omri: How did your experience in consulting help you in your VC career? I think it helped with the way I think about investments. I think one of the things that you realize in consulting is that clients, especially large enterprises, don’t necessarily care about how things are done. Technology can be X, Y, and Z. As long as they get the value, and as long as it does what you told them it’s supposed to do, then that’s good enough. For me, technology for technology’s sake is very interesting, but I try to leave that for universities and research. But if you’re looking at it from a business perspective, if a solution does what it promises, then the client won’t necessarily care if it’s the most cutting-edge technology or if it’s done by a team of 50 outsourced people. For me, it’s important because we see startups who put too much focus on “this is the best technology ever” but why should the client care? At the end of the day, it’s the use case. It’s the value for the client, then technology comes second. It’s the enabler, but it’s not necessarily the driver. Aviad: Omri: Is speed something you look for in entrepreneurs? Yes, it’s definitely part of the things we’re looking for because it’s a comparative market, and there are almost no blue oceans out there. You can always face competition, even with incumbents or startups. So speed is definitely important. But you need to do it in the right way, otherwise, you’ll stumble and fall when you don’t have to. So I think for us when we’re trying to help founders, we always tell them to take a step, make sure they know where they’re going, and move ahead. When founders don’t usually have a very strong business background, it’s in the value that you try to provide. But at the end of the day, it’s important for us to find a founder that we don’t necessarily need to babysit. It’s okay to help and give directions, but we’re not gonna run the company for the startup. They need to prove that they’re able to build the company. Aviad: https://youtu.be/5mep2kPntSU?embedable=true Omri: How involved are you with your portfolio companies? That depends on the company and its stage. In the early stages, sometimes you need to be more involved, especially with the introduction to potential clients and other investors. But if the startup is still building the code and working on the technology, there’s not much that you can do. It’s totally up to them. There are areas and periods where there’s definitely a spike in our involvement, but most of the time, it depends on the startup. Naturally, as the company grows, raises a couple of dozen million dollars, and hires several employees, it becomes more structured and there’s less for us to do. Aviad: It really varies from one startup to another, especially the more deep-tech the technology is, probably the fewer things we have to do early on because it takes longer to get the technology to the point where it could sell. Omri: Do you think your main value is in the early stages of the startup where there’s less structure with helping the founders cope with what they do next, and once they raise their seed, then you guys still take an active part of the board but not as much previously? No, I think that’s a bit too early, but probably once they get to series C, there’s a bit less involvement, because the company’s ball is already rolling. Early on, there’s definitely more to do, especially in the business and coaching side. When you pick an investor, it’s kind of like a marriage – an early-stage fund, we’re there for about 10 years; investments are usually about 7 to 10 years. So we get to build relationships with our founders, and being one of the first investors, that’s the kind of relationship that lasts even much later on. So even though we have much less to do on the business side, they will still come to us for advice. Aviad: Omri: What are your 3 criteria for investing in a founder? Initially, on a personal level, there has to be a good connection between you and a founder, because you’re gonna work together for a long time. You need to know if you’re able to give them advice and if they can take advice. In the first few meetings, although it’s not professional sounding, you need to like the person and you need to see that they like you back. You don’t want to be just a checkbook. Aviad: The second part is there is a connection or experience of that specific founder of that area that they’re building. It’s not a must for an investment, but if the founder is looking to solve a problem based on a pain that they’ve experienced personally, I think it’s a much bigger draw for us and it makes the case much stronger because being able to relate to that market will really help them later on. Lastly, it’s about the vision. We do look for founders with a big, long-term vision, and not looking to sell early. A multi-billion dollar company, ideally. Also published here.

Unleashing Early Stage Potential: Superstar Founders and Measuring KPIs

The immortal name of Kepler

THE SUN

OK hear me out, I know vulnerability management is an old practice. Why are we even talking about it, it’s not broken, right? For most companies, it is very broken even if it appears to be working. These broken vulnerability management programs are so similar that I bet I can describe broken vulnerability management program, without ever talking to you about it.  I bet it contains some of the following elements: YOUR 11 GB of excel spreadsheets (x10 if you are a larger enterprise) Massive email footprint, eating up about 1/3 of your inbox storage 3 that you can’t get anyone to take seriously truly critical vulnerabilities Tenable/Rapid7/Qualys/Green Bone/et al producing weekly or monthly scan reports A feeling of total despair…. I have lived and breathed vulnerability management for most of my career. At times, it was the majority of my work. Other times, it’s just a small part. But the thread remains, it feels like I am always talking about CVSS scores and trying (usually failing) to relay to anyone who will listen how these are just starting points for assessing vulnerabilities.  In reality, CVSS scores can often be so blind to architectures, security controls, and business practices that they do more harm than good! Luckily for you, I am not the type of person to raise my hand and call out a broken process without also bringing a good solution to the table. I present to you, SSVC or Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization. A primer on SSVC Carnegie Mellon University's (SEI) and the have collaborated to create the Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC) system. This system is built to provide the cyber community with a vulnerability analysis methodology that takes into account the exploitation status, safety impacts, and prevalence of the affected product for each vulnerability. Later on, in 2020, the CISA collaborated with SEl to develop its own distinct SSVC decision tree for analyzing vulnerabilities affecting the US government, state, local, tribal & territories (SLTT), and critical infrastructure organizations. Software Engineering Institute CISA That is the definition provided by SEI & CISA. What this means in practical terms is, we now have a way of adding valuable context to the vulnerability assessment process. This is so critical to the improvement of vulnerability management, it can not be overstated.  This isn’t an evolution of a broken system, this is a revolution! SSVC in a nutshell CISA uses stakeholder-specific vulnerability information to identify, assess, and organize the cybersecurity risks faced by the country's critical infrastructure.  To assist them in better understanding and managing the cybersecurity threats faced by the US government, CISA provides stakeholder-specific vulnerability information to other federal agencies, state and local governments, the corporate sector, and foreign partners. CISA uses a slightly different model than that developed originally in conjunction with SEI. This model sorts vulnerabilities into four potential “states”. You can use this same model in your organization, with no additional work needed. To get started, you must first spend a few minutes understanding that vulnerabilities are sorted into “states”, each state has a descriptive set of actions that must be taken on the vulnerabilities in this state. States The vulnerability states can be thought of as general descriptions of how to treat a vulnerability. It’s important to note that we don’t see any number systems like the CVSS 0-10. Numbers poorly describe the nuanced qualities of a vulnerability, these states however do a much better job. When a vulnerability lands in one of these states, you simply read the language of the state and then apply that to the identified vulnerability. No interpretation, no additional consideration, just take action! The following four states are sorted from what is essentially “Informational” to “Critical” (top to bottom). At this time, no action is necessary to respond to the vulnerability. The company would keep an eye on the vulnerability and reevaluate it if new information surfaces. CISA advises addressing “Track” vulnerabilities during routine meetings to verify the state is still applicable. Track: The vulnerability has unique properties that may call for closer observation of any changes. CISA suggests that security patches should be applied to “Track***”** vulnerabilities during the next patching or outage window. Track*: : The organization's internal supervisory level personnel must pay attention to the vulnerability. The activities that must be undertaken include asking for help or gathering additional details regarding the vulnerability, and they may include publishing a notification internally or internationally. The CISA advises addressing “Attend” vulnerabilities with some urgency, earlier than the normal patching window. Attend : Internal, supervisory, and leadership-level members of the organization must pay attention to the vulnerability. Requesting assistance or details about the vulnerability, as well as disseminating a notification internally and/or externally, are required. Internal groups would often gather to decide on the overall reaction before carrying out the decisions made. “Act” vulnerabilities should be fixed as soon as feasible. Act Applying SSVC in your organization? While CISA and CMU SEI have developed this framework, they are still working out exactly how it should be used. Currently, they suggest using a decision tree workflow, which they call the SSVC Calculator. The SSVC calculator is a simple, intuitive graphical way to answer yes-no questions using easily obtained data.  This is what enables a more thorough analysis of vulnerabilities, with less incumbent skill (i.e. you don’t need a ton of experience to correctly assess a vulnerabilities severity). To use the calculator, you hover over the blue dots (decision points) to get information that will help make a decision.  Once a decision has been made, clicking the appropriate blue dot enters an answer and a new series of decisions (dots) will show up. In this example, you can see that by answering just four questions: No exploitation exists yes it’s Automatable it has a partial technical impact the assets involved are a medium level of importance We are able to determine this (made-up) vulnerability arrives at a “Track” state. With the “Track” state vulnerability, we would keep an eye on it and update the calculation should new info come out otherwise no actions would be taken. Wrapping this up SSVC is a step forward, as noted it is not the evolution of the vulnerability management space but instead a revolution of vulnerability management.  CVSS scores were a good starting point, but as we have seen time and time again, they are a poor indicator of true criticality.  Using the SSVC decision tree model, consistent, accurate vulnerability assessment can be achieved with less expertise! Also published here.

How to Fix Your Broken Vulnerability Management

There is a famous saying: “If you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it.” Peter Drucker As a product manager, your role revolves around the idea of measuring something at one point or the other. Metrics are also referred to as KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) or Success Metrics, they are valuable because they can accurately tell you if your current strategy is working. If results are not as expected, you can always go back to your metrics and establish a new hypothesis. These data-driven metrics are defined based on your product strategy, which is further aligned with the company’s strategic objectives and goals. For instance, if your company wants happy customers who share their experiences with their friends and family, then you should measure customer gratification. When your company changes its market/business strategy (i.e., switching from growth to revenue), you should readjust your product success metrics as well. Here, I will introduce you to different categories of success metrics and how are they used in a broader sense. Nobody uses all of them, it all depends on your industry, type of product, stage, and product maturity. The most significant point is to focus on a few metrics that really matter. First and foremost, you need to understand how to ask the right questions before you start measuring anything. Here are a few examples of recognizing your goals so that you can choose the right metrics: If we imagine an exemplary customer who is getting value from your product, what actions is he taking? What are the key steps a user takes in your product to achieve a goal? A particular feature designed to solve a problem that all our users have, or just a subset of our users? 5 categories of product metrics Product Performance metrics fall into one of the 5 types. Product Flow Actionable value-based indicators Customer Satisfaction Customer Relationship Funnel Customer Lifetime Value Let’s discuss each of them. 1. Product flows These metrics measure the friction in your user experience when users navigate from point A to point B. Do they achieve their goal, and if yes, how? Why? To remove complexity Whenever your user finds something confusing, it causes an opportunity for him to abandon and leave. How? Examine screen-by-screen user interaction from the point of entry to the end goal. Track on a session-by-session basis (each visit). Actions? Reduce friction and simplify the UX for crucial tasks. 2. Actionable value-based indicators These leading indicators identify and measure user that demonstrate that they obtain value from your product. behaviors/interactions Why? Repeat, frequent, and lasting usage is a proxy for successful customer-value creation They align the goals and best interests of the user with the activities of the product development team. Leading indicators enable quicker detection and resolution of issues. How? Target the most critical user-centric goals of your product and pinpoint behaviors that illustrate progression toward them. Track by user group over various sessions. Use comparative metrics. Actions? Understand why users do not use your product as often as you might like. Focus on those changes to encourage repeat usage. Regularly remeasure using new users to track improvements over time. 3. Customer satisfaction Is your product meeting, failing, or surpassing customer expectations? What specific areas need more attention? Why? Not all customers feel loyalty to your product Customer satisfaction is a leading indicator of long-term retention. How? Conduct regular surveys of both occasional and habitual users of your product. Measure the product’s benefits and functionality-both overall and in specific areas-to pinpoint root-cause issues. Actions? Use poor results to improve the product. Prioritize adding or improving features that have low satisfaction but high importance. 4. Customer relationship funnel How well do you optimize each stage of the journey to guide customers toward a more meaningful relationship with your product? Why? Customers differ in their level of engagement and their understanding of why and how to use your product. Your product must transition gently from one stage to the next to avoid abandonment. How? Split all users into lifecycle sub-segments, such as leads, trial users, paid users, and long-term users. Track users who move successfully from one stage to the next, to identify where they abandon and require to improve. Actions? Discover which steps suffer the most dropouts (lowest rates). A|B testing will help push more users incrementally to the next stage. 5. Customer lifetime value (LTV) How to bring new customers cost-effectively and retain them long enough with high-enough gross margins to keep your business successful in the long run. Why? You must be able to extract business value over the lifetime of each customer to scale a sustainable business. Avoid short-term thinking (such as solely focusing on quarterly revenue targets). How? Calculate the average revenue per user, less variable costs, taking into account churn over the lifetime of paying customers. Monitor each channel or customer segment separately so you can optimize customer acquisition costs (CAC). Action? Understand which customer segments are most valuable (useful when deciding which features to prioritize). Provide information about which channels to invest in and scale, and when to do so (where CAC<LTV). Qualities of Good Metrics Great metrics are actionable and frequently measurable Successful metrics are aligned with product goals Averages destroy the underlying user behavior and trends. Choose simple metrics with clear, precise definitions for shared understanding. I hope it was a valuable introduction to product performance metrics. Further reading: The Influential Product Manager Finding the metrics that matter for your product Data-Driven Product Management: Choosing the Right Metrics for Your Product Also published . here

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