SquareFoot

squarefoot

London remains the number-one tech city outside of the US, based on Dealroom’s analysis that used a combination of factors including funding, patents, and billion-dollar-plus exits. The breadth of the activity can be noted during London Tech Week, an annual five-day event that brings together international enterprise leaders, government officials, and a dynamic expo to thousands of attendees. During the 2024 edition, held in the London Olympia in June, the hype around artificial intelligence (AI) in the UK’s capital could be heard loud and clear. In a strategically timely move, Salesforce unveiled the opening of its first dedicated AI Center on the eve of London Tech Week, coinciding with the company’s own London World Tour. Salesforce’s new AI Center will see a 40,000-square-foot facility opened up in the Blue Fin Building, an iconic landmark based on the south bank of the River Thames in Southwark, and will host a range of AI training and up-skilling programs while also building important connections between tech companies, specialists and Salesforce partners. But why did Salesforce opt for London, and was this decision a smart move? A vote of confidence for London Although Salesforce looks likely to open more AI Centers in key international locations in the future, its decision to opt for London as the first host city for this major endeavor speaks volumes for the potential of the city. Further, it looks like Salesforce isn’t the only tech firm that views London in a positive light with AI development. Research by London & Partners, one of the driving forces behind London Tech Week, found that some 77% of decision-makers at major international AI firms consider the city to be “more supportive of AI development than other major AI hubs,” according to Managing Director Janet Coyle. It’s also interesting to note that the AI Center isn’t the first play that Salesforce has made here. The company has committed $4 billion to invest in AI innovation over the next five years under Salesforce Ventures. To date, $200 million has already been awarded to UK AI firms including Eleven Labs, a provider of an AI-powered text-to-speech and voice generator, and the procurement platform AutoGen AI to name a couple of examples. The presence of the Salesforce Ventures fund coupled with the AI center shows a clear vote of confidence for London’s future in AI, but its success is likely to hinge on the wider tech ecosystem in the capital. The rise of AI centers in Europe However, it seems that London will be one of many cities hosting dedicated AI centers soon. For instance, Microsoft plans to invest $3.2 billion in AI facilities in Sweden, its largest-ever infrastructure bet in the Nordic country. The enterprise Data4 also announced this month plans to develop an AI center outside of Athens, signaling a boost to Greece’s digital infrastructure and economy. To understand more about the benefits of AI centers we spoke to Ranjit Tinaikar, CEO of Ness Digital Engineering (Ness), which earlier this year launched an innovation center in Europe. Speaking on the growth of AI centers globally and the opening of Salesforce’s inaugural AI Center in London, Tinaikar explained, “I think AI Centers are a very valid idea. And I completely understand the goals of becoming the R&D hub for driving AI innovation.” At the same time, he stressed the importance of the ecosystem’s foundation for determining the success of such programs. “If you were to compare Boston, which used to be the tech center for America in the sixties and seventies, before being supplanted by Silicon Valley as a tech hub; why did that revolution happen? It required four things: First, it needed an institution like Stanford, which was truly interested in primary research. Primary research, not commercial. Second, it needed the VC and the capital markets around it to fund those ideas and commercialize it by working with the universities. Third, you can’t do that unless you have a local talent pool that actually sits in that ecosystem and takes those ideas to market. Fourth, you need government support to allow people to take risks.” However, the executive cautioned, “If you don’t have purely research-oriented, high-end research institutions, a talent hub, and a capital market that actually funds it, then in the long term it’s not sustainable.” With this feedback in mind, it seems that the AI landscape in the UK is on solid footing. For example, the aforementioned developer training courses that Salesforce is now offering through its new London-based AI Center have the backing of City Hall, with the Deputy Mayor of London for Business and Growth, Howard Dawber, present at the opening ceremony. Meanwhile, the city has a wealth of internationally competitive research universities such as University College London, the London School of Economics and King’s College London, all of which further the progress of foundational data science research and collaborate with national programs such as the Alan Turing Institute, the UK’s national institute for data science and AI, founded in 2015 and largely funded by the UK government. The Alan Turing Institute is based in London’s ‘Knowledge Quarter’, a focal point around the King’s Cross area of London that houses other national institutes such as the Francis Crick Institute in addition to major tech firms like Google, who chose the site for its UK headquarters. This critical mass of educational institutions, national programs, high levels of investment and the presence of major tech enterprises all point towards a solid future for AI in London and the UK. Where next for AI centers? While it’s still too soon to see how much of an impact the AI centers discussed above will bring, their presence alone suggests a bright future. Whether it’s Salesforce in London or Microsoft in Sweden, such sizable investments to open such ambitious AI operations will be made after careful consideration. The fact that these locations have been chosen to host an AI center means they already boast the requisite parts of the AI ecosystem required. The British are famous for innovating around inefficiencies, which suggests that the new center will be able to navigate around any future hurdles that arise. Erick Espinosa on 150Sec London remains the number-one tech city outside of the US, based on Dealroom’s analysis that used a combination of factors including funding, patents, and billion-dollar-plus exits. number-one tech city The breadth of the activity can be noted during London Tech Week , an annual five-day event that brings together international enterprise leaders, government officials, and a dynamic expo to thousands of attendees. London Tech Week During the 2024 edition, held in the London Olympia in June, the hype around artificial intelligence (AI) in the UK’s capital could be heard loud and clear. artificial intelligence (AI) In a strategically timely move, Salesforce unveiled the opening of its first dedicated AI Center on the eve of London Tech Week, coinciding with the company’s own London World Tour. AI Center Salesforce’s new AI Center will see a 40,000-square-foot facility opened up in the Blue Fin Building, an iconic landmark based on the south bank of the River Thames in Southwark, and will host a range of AI training and up-skilling programs while also building important connections between tech companies, specialists and Salesforce partners. iconic landmark But why did Salesforce opt for London, and was this decision a smart move? A vote of confidence for London A vote of confidence for London Although Salesforce looks likely to open more AI Centers in key international locations in the future, its decision to opt for London as the first host city for this major endeavor speaks volumes for the potential of the city. Further, it looks like Salesforce isn’t the only tech firm that views London in a positive light with AI development. Research by London & Partners, one of the driving forces behind London Tech Week, found that some 77% of decision-makers at major international AI firms consider the city to be “more supportive of AI development than other major AI hubs,” according to Managing Director Janet Coyle. It’s also interesting to note that the AI Center isn’t the first play that Salesforce has made here. The company has committed $4 billion to invest in AI innovation over the next five years under Salesforce Ventures. $4 billion To date, $200 million has already been awarded to UK AI firms including Eleven Labs, a provider of an AI-powered text-to-speech and voice generator, and the procurement platform AutoGen AI to name a couple of examples. The presence of the Salesforce Ventures fund coupled with the AI center shows a clear vote of confidence for London’s future in AI, but its success is likely to hinge on the wider tech ecosystem in the capital. The rise of AI centers in Europe The rise of AI centers in Europe However, it seems that London will be one of many cities hosting dedicated AI centers soon. For instance, Microsoft plans to invest $3.2 billion in AI facilities in Sweden, its largest-ever infrastructure bet in the Nordic country. The enterprise Data4 also announced this month plans to develop an AI center outside of Athens, signaling a boost to Greece’s digital infrastructure and economy. To understand more about the benefits of AI centers we spoke to Ranjit Tinaikar, CEO of Ness Digital Engineering (Ness), which earlier this year launched an innovation center in Europe. Speaking on the growth of AI centers globally and the opening of Salesforce’s inaugural AI Center in London, Tinaikar explained, “I think AI Centers are a very valid idea. And I completely understand the goals of becoming the R&D hub for driving AI innovation.” At the same time, he stressed the importance of the ecosystem’s foundation for determining the success of such programs. “If you were to compare Boston, which used to be the tech center for America in the sixties and seventies, before being supplanted by Silicon Valley as a tech hub; why did that revolution happen? It required four things: First, it needed an institution like Stanford, which was truly interested in primary research. Primary research, not commercial. Second, it needed the VC and the capital markets around it to fund those ideas and commercialize it by working with the universities. Third, you can’t do that unless you have a local talent pool that actually sits in that ecosystem and takes those ideas to market. Fourth, you need government support to allow people to take risks.” However, the executive cautioned, “If you don’t have purely research-oriented, high-end research institutions, a talent hub, and a capital market that actually funds it, then in the long term it’s not sustainable.” With this feedback in mind, it seems that the AI landscape in the UK is on solid footing. For example, the aforementioned developer training courses that Salesforce is now offering through its new London-based AI Center have the backing of City Hall, with the Deputy Mayor of London for Business and Growth, Howard Dawber, present at the opening ceremony. Meanwhile, the city has a wealth of internationally competitive research universities such as University College London, the London School of Economics and King’s College London, all of which further the progress of foundational data science research and collaborate with national programs such as the Alan Turing Institute, the UK’s national institute for data science and AI, founded in 2015 and largely funded by the UK government. The Alan Turing Institute is based in London’s ‘ Knowledge Quarter ’, a focal point around the King’s Cross area of London that houses other national institutes such as the Francis Crick Institute in addition to major tech firms like Google, who chose the site for its UK headquarters. Knowledge Quarter This critical mass of educational institutions, national programs, high levels of investment and the presence of major tech enterprises all point towards a solid future for AI in London and the UK. Where next for AI centers? Where next for AI centers? While it’s still too soon to see how much of an impact the AI centers discussed above will bring, their presence alone suggests a bright future. Whether it’s Salesforce in London or Microsoft in Sweden, such sizable investments to open such ambitious AI operations will be made after careful consideration. The fact that these locations have been chosen to host an AI center means they already boast the requisite parts of the AI ecosystem required. The British are famous for innovating around inefficiencies, which suggests that the new center will be able to navigate around any future hurdles that arise. Erick Espinosa on 150Sec Erick Espinosa on 150Sec Erick Espinosa on 150Sec Erick Espinosa

Why Salesforce Chose London for Its First AI Center and $4 Billion AI Investment

Proč si Salesforce vybral Londýn pro své první centrum AI a investici do AI ve výši 4 miliard dolarů

Hvorfor Salesforce valgte London til sit første AI-center og $4 milliarder AI-investering

Por qué Salesforce eligió Londres para su primer centro de inteligencia artificial y una inversión de 4.000 millones de dólares en inteligencia artificial

Zergatik aukeratu zuen Salesforcek Londres bere lehen AI zentrorako eta 4.000 milioi dolar AI inbertsiorako

Por que Salesforce elixiu Londres para o seu primeiro centro de intelixencia artificial e un investimento en intelixencia artificial de 4.000 millóns de dólares

Perché Salesforce ha scelto Londra per il suo primo centro di intelligenza artificiale e un investimento di 4 miliardi di dollari in intelligenza artificiale

Salesforce が初の AI センターと 40 億ドルの AI 投資の拠点としてロンドンを選んだ理由

Kāpēc Salesforce izvēlējās Londonu savam pirmajam AI centram un 4 miljardu dolāru investīcijām AI

Waarom Salesforce Londen koos voor zijn eerste AI-centrum en $ 4 miljard aan AI-investeringen

เหตุใด Salesforce จึงเลือกลอนดอนเป็นศูนย์ AI แห่งแรกและลงทุน AI มูลค่า 4 พันล้านดอลลาร์

Kutheni i-Salesforce ikhethe iLondon kwiziko layo lokuqala le-AI kunye ne-4 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zoTyalo-mali lwe-AI

Kungani i-Salesforce Ikhethe iLondon Isikhungo sayo sokuqala se-AI kanye ne- $ 4 Billion AI Investment

HEAT TRANSFER

CHIMNEYS AND DRAFT

SOLID FUELS OTHER THAN COAL AND THEIR COMBUSTION

Steam, Its Generation and Use by Babcock & Wilcox Company, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . PROPERTIES OF WATER here PROPERTIES OF WATER Pure water is a chemical compound of one volume of oxygen and two volumes of hydrogen, its chemical symbol being H 2 O. The weight of water depends upon its temperature. Its weight at four temperatures, much used in physical calculations, is given in . Table 10 While authorities differ as to the weight of water, the range of values given for 62 degrees Fahrenheit (the standard temperature ordinarily taken) being from 62.291 pounds to 62.360 pounds per cubic foot, the value 62.355 is generally accepted as the most accurate. A United States standard gallon holds 231 cubic inches and weighs, at 62 degrees Fahrenheit, approximately 8 1 ⁄ 3 pounds. A British Imperial gallon holds 277.42 cubic inches and weighs, at 62 degrees Fahrenheit, 10 pounds. The above are the true weights corrected for the effect of the buoyancy of the air, or the weight in vacuo . If water is weighed in air in the ordinary way, there is a correction of about one-eighth of one per cent which is usually negligible. Water is but slightly compressible and for all practical purposes may be considered non-compressible. The coefficient of compressibility ranges from 0.000040 to 0.000051 per atmosphere at ordinary temperatures, this coefficient decreasing as the temperature increases. gives the weight in vacuo and the relative volume of a cubic foot of distilled water at various temperatures. Table 11 The weight of water at the standard temperature being taken as 62.355 pounds per cubic foot, the pressure exerted by the column of water of any stated height, and conversely the height of any column required to produce a stated pressure, may be computed as follows: The pressure in pounds per square foot = 62.355 × height of column in feet. The pressure in pounds per square inch = 0.433 × height of column in feet. Height of column in feet = pressure in pounds per square foot ÷ 62.355. Height of column in feet = pressure in pounds per square inch ÷ 0.433. Height of column in inches = pressure in pounds per square inch × 27.71. Height of column in inches = pressure in ounces per square inch × 1.73. By a change in the weights given above, the pressure exerted and height of column may be computed for temperatures other than 62 degrees. A pressure of one pound per square inch is exerted by a column of water 2.3093 feet or 27.71 inches high at 62 degrees Fahrenheit. Water in its natural state is never found absolutely pure. In solvent power water has a greater range than any other liquid. For common salt, this is approximately a constant at all temperatures, while with such impurities as magnesium and sodium sulphates, this solvent power increases with an increase in temperature. Sea water contains on an average approximately 3.125 per cent of its weight of solid matter or a thirty-second part of the weight of the water and salt held in solution. The approximate composition of this solid matter will be: sodium chloride 76 per cent, magnesium chloride 10 per cent, magnesium sulphate 6 per cent, calcium sulphate 5 per cent, calcium carbonate 0.5 per cent, other substances 2.5 per cent. The boiling point of water decreases as the altitude above sea level increases. gives the variation in the boiling point with the altitude. Table 12 Water has a greater specific heat or heat-absorbing capacity than any other known substance (bromine and hydrogen excepted) and its specific heat is the basis for measurement of the capacity of heat absorption of all other substances. From the definition, the specific heat of water is the number of British thermal units required to raise one pound of water one degree. This specific heat varies with the temperature of the water. The generally accepted values are given in , which indicates the values as determined by Messrs. Marks and Davis and Mr. Peabody. Table 13 In consequence of this variation in specific heat, the variation in the heat of the liquid of the water at different temperatures is not a constant. gives the heat of the liquid in a pound of water at temperatures ranging from 32 to 340 degrees Fahrenheit. Table 22 [13] The specific heat of ice at 32 degrees is 0.463. The specific heat of saturated steam (ice and saturated steam representing the other forms in which water may exist), is something that is difficult to define in any way which will not be misleading. When no liquid is present the specific heat of saturated steam is negative. The use of the value of the specific heat of steam is practically limited to instances where superheat is present, and the specific heat of superheated steam is covered later in the book. [14] About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Babcock & Wilcox Company (2007). Steam, Its Generation and Use. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/22657/pg22657-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

PROPERTIES OF WATER

HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS AND MOTORS

Things To Make by Archibald Williams is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . A DEVELOPING SINK here V. A DEVELOPING SINK. Many amateur photographers are obliged to do their developing in odd corners and under conditions which render the hobby somewhat irksome if a large number of plates have to be treated. The main difficulty is to secure an adequate water supply and to dispose of the waste water. At a small expenditure of money and energy it is easy, however, to rig up a contrivance which, if it does not afford the conveniences of a properly equipped dark room, is in advance of the jug-and-basin arrangement with which one might otherwise have to be content. A strong point in favour of the subject of this chapter is that it can be moved without any trouble if the photographer has to change his quarters. The foundation, so to speak, of the developing sink is a common wooden washstand of the kind which has a circular hole in the top to hold the basin. A secondhand article of this sort can be purchased for a shilling or two. A thoroughly sound specimen should be selected, even if it is not the cheapest offered, especial attention being paid to its general rigidity and the good condition of the boards surrounding the basin shelf. [Illustration: Fig. 11.—A home-made developing sink for the darkroom.] The area of the top is generally about 20 by 15 inches; but if a stand of larger dimensions can be found, choose it by preference. The general design of the sink and its equipment is shown in Fig. 11. For the uprights, which rest on the beading of the washstand, use two boards 9 inches wide, 1/2 inch (actual) thick, and 36 inches long. The top shelf, to carry the pail or other water container, should be of 1-inch stuff; and the two lower shelves be not more than 5 inches wide and 3/4 inch thick. Space the shelves at least 11 inches apart, so that they may accommodate tall bottles. The superstructure will gain in rigidity if the intermediate shelves are screwed to the uprights, in addition to being supported on ledges as indicated; and if the back is boarded over for at least half its height, there will be no danger of sideways collapse, when a full bucket is put in position. The top of the washstand, on which the developing will be done, must be provided with a tray of lead or zinc. Lead is preferable, as lying flatter; but the jointing at the corners is more difficult than the soldering of sheet zinc, which, though more liable to chemical corrosion, is much lighter than the thinnest lead—weighing about 1-1/2 lbs. to the square foot—that could well be used. If lead is selected, the services of a plumber had better be secured, if the reader has had no experience in “wiping a joint.” A zinc tray is prepared by cutting out of a single sheet a piece of the shape shown in Fig. 12. The dimensions between the bending lines (dotted) are 1/8 inch less in both directions than those of the shelf. The turn-ups a, a, b, b, should not be less than 1-1/2 inches wide. Allow half an inch at each end of b b for the turnover c. Turn a a up first, then b b, and finally bend c c round the back of a a, to which they are soldered. A drop of solder will be needed in each corner to make it water-tight. When turning up a side use a piece of square-cornered metal or wood as mould, and make the angles as clean as possible, especially near the joints. [Illustration: FIG. 12.—Showing how the tray for sink is marked out.] A drain hole, an inch or so in diameter, is cut in the centre of the tray. To prevent the hands being injured by the tray, the front should be covered by a 1/2-inch strip of zinc doubled lengthwise, or be made a bit deeper than 1-1/2 inches in the first instance and turned over on itself. Before the tray is put in position the basin hole must be filled in, except for an opening to take the waste pipe. The plug is pad-sawed out of wood of the same thickness as the top, to which it is attached by crossbars on the under side. The whole of the woodwork, or at least those parts which are most likely to get wetted, should then be given a coat or two of paint. A waste pipe, somewhat larger than the drain hole and 3 inches long, having been firmly soldered to the tray, beat the edges of the hole down into the pipe. Then prepare a wooden collar to fit the pipe outside, and drill a hole on the centre line to take a carpenter’s screw. If the edges of the tray are supported on slats 3/16 to 1/4 inch thick, and its centre is kept in contact with the wood by the collar pressing against the underside of the shelf, any water will naturally gravitate to the centre and escape by the waste pipe. This automatic clearance of “slops” is a very desirable feature of a developing sink. To prevent water splashing on to the sides of the stand and working down between tray and wood, tack pieces of American cloth on the sides with their edges overlapping the tray edges by an inch or so. A small two-handled bath is the most convenient receptacle for the waste water. It should hold at least a quarter as much again as the water tank, so as to avoid any danger of overfilling. A piece of old cycle tyre tubing, tied to the waste pipe and long enough to reach below the edge of the bath, will prevent splashing—which, when chemicals are being poured away, might prove disastrous to light-coloured clothes. The supply pipe has a siphon-piece of “compo” tubing at the top, to draw off the water when the tube has been filled by suction, and a small tap at the bottom. This tap, when not in use, should be held back out of the way by a wire hook attached to the lowest of the upper shelves. A piece of linoleum should be cut to fit the bath-shelf and protect the drawer below. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Archibald Williams (2005). Things To Make. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/14664/pg14664-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

A DEVELOPING SINK

Could a Hard Drive Supply Chain Crisis Push AI and Digital Ads to the Breaking Point?

একটি হার্ড ড্রাইভ সাপ্লাই চেইন ক্রাইসিস কি এআই এবং ডিজিটাল বিজ্ঞাপনকে ব্রেকিং পয়েন্টে ঠেলে দিতে পারে?

Könnte eine Krise in der Festplatten-Lieferkette dazu führen, dass KI und digitale Werbung an ihre Grenzen stoßen?

Examinando el impacto de una crisis de la cadena de suministro de discos duros en la inteligencia artificial y la publicidad digital

Examen de l'impact d'une crise de la chaîne d'approvisionnement des disques durs sur l'IA et la publicité numérique

एआई और डिजिटल विज्ञापन पर हार्ड ड्राइव आपूर्ति श्रृंखला संकट के प्रभाव की जांच करना

ハードドライブのサプライチェーン危機が AI とデジタル広告に与える影響の調査

하드 드라이브 공급망 위기로 인해 AI 및 디지털 광고가 한계점에 도달할 수 있습니까?

Examinando o impacto de uma crise na cadeia de suprimentos de discos rígidos na IA e na publicidade digital

Может ли кризис в цепочке поставок жестких дисков подтолкнуть искусственный интеллект и цифровую рекламу к критической точке?

Sabit Disk Tedarik Zinciri Krizi Yapay Zeka ve Dijital Reklamları Kırılma Noktasına İtebilir mi?

Xem xét tác động của cuộc khủng hoảng chuỗi cung ứng ổ cứng đối với AI và quảng cáo kỹ thuật số

检查硬盘供应链危机对人工智能和数字广告的影响

I hope this letter finds you in good spirits as you work to solve the world's problems. I just wanted to check in about another small issue that's really heating things up around here, you know, global warming and whatnot. Now I understand you've got your hands full between rocket launches, rolling out new models, and making sure there are no remnants left of online. Tesla Twitter But if there's anyone who can help cool things around… I have a feeling it's you. See, between record-breaking temperatures this summer, raging wildfires, and melted ice caps, Ol' Mother Nature is not looking too pleased these days. The thermometer just keeps climbing and the scientists all agree, things are getting pretty toasty out there. But I do have faith that if you put your big, beautiful brain to the problem, you could crack the code on reversing global warming faster than you sent Starlink satellites into orbit. And that's saying something since you obliterated the record for most launches in a single year! Since you were capable of achieving such a feat, I imagine another brilliant solution bursting from your genius mind. Maybe you could help reinforce Earth's ozone layer, or send some sort of "cape" to better protect us from the sun's intense rays. I mean, you’re pretty much a “Hero” for most of us, but instead of you wearing a cape, you could make the planet have it and not let things keep getting too fiery. Or let’s say you can engineer some kind of protective solar shield to cast a refreshing shade over the whole planet. There are several ways you could go about it and you’ll know this much better than I do with your great cerebral prowess. Not only do I know you can do this, I also believe it would be a great project to improve your public image. I mean, the marketing possibilities are endless! You could call it Solarsats - satellite sun shades starting at just $19.99 per square foot. Or maybe PlanetX (I know you have a fixation with that particular letter). They would be robust radiation-resistant panels that’ll form a second protective skin for our world. Of course, deploying a planetary sunshade would be no small feat, even for a man who's transforming transportation and space flight. But where there's a Musk, there's a way. You've proven time and time again that impossible is just another word for "not done yet" in your dictionary. Regardless of whether it takes launching fleets of specialized climate satellites or some sort of radiation-resistant panels, I believe you can make it happen. You already transform stuff everywhere you go. Why not disrupt global warming like you disrupted government regulation with Tesla? Give Old Man Climate Crisis a run for his money! Now I know you're busy with exponentially expanding visions, ventures (and removing any Twitter brand currency remaining). But between board meetings and factory tours, I hope you'll give some thought to how your numerous talents could help the whole world . We're all counting on you to keep our only planet from cooking itself! chillax It would be so reassuring to see looming environmental threats diffused with your signature brand of optimistic audacity and carefree confidence. To live in a world where our children's children can focus on dreams of exploring Mars instead of combating rising sea levels. So, I hope that in your downtime, when you're not designing new forms of sustainable transport or trying to implant chips in people’s brains, see if any ideas emerge for bringing our planetary climate back to a cooler mood. Give old the air conditioning upgrade she desperately needs! I mean you already gave Tesla roadsters a nice and cool environment. It shouldn’t be too difficult to do that at scale, right? Mother Nature I have a feeling that with your leadership and perseverance, you could turn global warming from an impending crisis into yet another problem solved; Thanks in no small part to the one visionary man most of us admire. I look forward to hearing your groundbreaking proposals to heal our ailing atmosphere. Until next time, keep doing the impossible as only you know how. Your admirer in a soon-to-be-cooled climate, @dearelonmusk

Dear Elon Musk, Can You Fix Global Warming? 

Tesla is here to stay and keep fighting for the electric car revolution —Elon Musk. Nikola Tesla doesn’t own Tesla. The 19th-century inventor discovered the properties of rotating electromagnetic fields, and there was no better way to pay homage to the pioneer than by naming the company after him. Elon Musk is not the founder but a Co-founder. But does being a co-founder not make you the founder? Let’s roll back the years of Tesla’s beginning. Tesla’s Beginning Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning met at Wyse Technology a few years before they found on July 1, 2003, at 845 Oak Grove Avenue in Menlo Park. Tesla Their inspiration came from General Motors' aborted car line EV1 which ran between 1996-1999, and AC propulsion all-electric cars. Ian Wright joined the same year. As they sought investment for their new company, they were recommended to Elon Musk, who readily invested $6.5 million of the total $7.5 million received in February 2004. Elon became the largest shareholder and chairman of the company. Harold Rosen took J.B. Straubel to Elon Musk to help pitch his all-electric plane. Musk didn’t show interest, so Straubel grabbed the opportunity to pitch how all-electric cars could work with lithium-ion battery technology. Musk got shocked by this discovery because he had always thought ultracapacitors were the only way to go electric. Musk encouraged Straubel to join . He joined in May 2004. Tesla These five became the company’s Co-founders. Musk spearheaded Tesla’s second round of investment and secured $13 million in 2005. And the third round of investment was in May 2006. He raked in $40 million by encouraging his friends, Google Co-founders Larry Page, and Sergey Brin, to invest. Jeff Skoll, former president of , was among its investors. eBay In 2006, the Roadster prototype was launched. The company’s first product that’s capable of incurring profits. Before now, investors money powered the company. Power, Money, And Survival A leadership tussle struck Tesla before Roadster’s launch. The board asked Eberhard to step down as CEO in 2007. He then took the title of President of Technology and remained on the advisory board but left in 2008. Tarpenning, unsatisfied with the situation, left a month after. Michael Marks became CEO temporarily in August 2007 after Eberhard stepped down, then Ze’ev Dvori took over permanently in December 2007. He’s recognized for the successful launch of Roadster, selling over 2,500 Roadsters at $109,000- $200,000. Musk became CEO in October 2008 and laid off 20% of its workers due to the financial crisis. The crisis ate so deep that Tesla was on the verge of bankruptcy till Daimler AG bought 10% of its stake for $50 million in May 2009, and the US Department of Energy gave a $465 million loan by June 2009. On June 29, 2010, because it needed as much capital as possible. Tesla entered the US Stock and raised $226 million, $17 per share, in its IPO The company survived this financial crisis. The Lightyears In 2012, Roadsters production stopped, and the focus was on producing Model S. to begin Model S production. Tesla bought a 5.3-million-square-foot plant from Toyota for $42 million The Roadster had three versions in 2007, 2011, and 2013 but the Model S luxury sedan came with a different structure. Model S had its battery pack underneath, which created more space at the rear compared to Roadster. This structure improved its handling due to its low center of gravity. The 2012 car is aimed at entering the mainstream consumer market, unlike the Roadster which is seen as the billionaire's play toy. The model received several automotive and environmental awards, , which also named it “the best car ever tested.” a near-perfect score of 99 out of 100 from Consumer Reports Superchargers station, its first freestanding charging station, was introduced on September 24, 2012, with six stations opened in California. Today, it operates more than 45,000 supercharger stations at over 5,000 sites worldwide, including 1,966 in North America, 985 in Europe, and 2,069 in the Asia/Pacific region. From 2014, autopilot drive was available in Model S and subsequent products. released the Model X, a vehicle built on a car chassis but with features of a sport-utility vehicle in 2015. The crossover vehicle has a maximum battery range of about 340 miles (547 km) and seats up to seven. Tesla In April 2015, Tesla entered the energy storage market, unveiling its Tesla Powerwall and battery packs. The company received orders valued at $800 million within a week of the unveiling. Tesla bought Solar City in August 2016 for $2.6 million and entered the photovoltaics market. From this moment, they could directly make their equipment. The Roadster maker launched the Model 3 as an affordable sedan for the mass consumer market in 2016. Tesla aimed to own a product line of Model S, E, X.  Originally named Model E, Model 3 became its official name because another company threatened to sue them over rights. . Model 3 became an all-time bestselling plug-in electric car worldwide and the first to sell 1 million units globally in June 2021. Musk, excited by the sales prospect of the car, announced that the second half would deliver 200,000 vehicles in 2017 Tesla opened its first Gigafactory in 2016 outside Reno, Nevada. Gigafactories are where Tesla produces its batteries and vehicles. It built these large factories in Buffalo, New York, and Shanghai, China, and more Gigafactories were planned. Tesla batteries can last 300,000 to 500,000 miles, with major companies now using them for their projects. Grohmann Automation was acquired for 109.5 million in January 2017. Tesla also acquired companies such as Riviera Tool, Perbix, Compass Automation, Hibar Systems, and German ATW Automation for their automation expertise, along with Maxwell Technologies and SilLion for battery technology. In 2017, because they’re no longer just a car company; they’re a provider of energy solutions across many sectors. They deal with electric vehicles, battery energy storage systems, and solar power generation. Tesla Motors changed to Tesla Conflict and Lawsuits Tesla has faced over 1000 lawsuits. Eberhard’s got a fight in him. He sued Tesla for forcing him out of the company, including libel and slander, in June 2009. . The company blamed supply chains. It soon became the bestselling electric car. Musk's failed prediction of Model 3 delivery cost them 5%, that’s over $2 billion in 2017 as investors began to dump their stocks Further problems came for Tesla in August 2018 when Musk tweeted that he was planning to take the company private at $420 and that he’s secured funds for that. Investors began to trade their stock before the privatization buyback occurred. The stock price went up by 10%. And SEC fined the company and Musk for misleading information and ruled that Musk's tweets must now pass through the company’s attorney. The company removed Musk as Director of the Board, and Robyn Denholm took over, but Elon remained Tesla’s CEO. Cost of Tesla and Vision 2020 Tesla released another crossover, the Model Y, in 2020. The Model Y was smaller and less expensive than the Model X and shared many of the same parts as the Model 3. Tesla Semi Truck came into the market in 2022. PepsiCo, Disney, Mecca, and Sons are among its customers. The electric trucks can go 0-60 mph in five seconds without cargo and in 20 seconds while carrying 80,000 pounds of cargo. It has an innovative cabin design with impact-resistant glass. And can travel 400 miles on a 30-minute charge. Tesla Cybertruck is an upcoming all-electric pickup soon to be released in 2023. The under $40,000 exoskeleton design truck will come in three variations, with battery ranges of 250, 350, and 500 miles. The truck's speed is 0 to 60 mph in 2.9 seconds. Tesla plans to release a new version of its classic Roadster model, offering a 0-60mph time of 1.9 sec with 737 lb-ft of torque. Cost Of Tesla’s Vehicles $88,490, Plaid $108,490. Model S Model 3 $53,240, LR $47,240 Wheel Drive $40,240 Model X $98,490, Plaid $108,490 Model Y LR $50,490, Performance $54,490, All Wheel Drive $47,740 Tesla’s Annual Revenue Since 2008 2008    $15 million 2009    $112 million 2010    $117 million 2011    $204 million 2012    $413 million 2013    $2.01 billion 2014    $3.2 billion 2015    $4.05 billion 2016    $7 billion 2017    $11.76 billion 2018    $21.46 billion 2019    $24.58 billion 2020    $31.54 billion 2021    $53,823 billion 2022    $81.46 billion Bottom Line The number one electric vehicle company now faces competition from BYD, General Motors, Ford, and Mercedes-Benz as the shift to greener vehicles continues. Tesla has changed how cars are made yet has not slowed down on its innovations. The company’s market cap, which once hit the trillion dollar mark, will be back there in a few months as we’re sure of an eventful 2023.

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