Manufacturing and delivery of intermediate products made with recycled carbon fibers and thermoplastic matrices.

RECARBON

recarbon

Scientific American Supplement, No. 799, April 25, 1891 by Various, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book . THE ELECTRICAL PURIFICATION OF SEWAGE AND CONTAMINATED WATER. here THE ELECTRICAL PURIFICATION OF SEWAGE AND CONTAMINATED WATER. By WM. WEBSTER. The term sewage many years ago was rightly applied to the excremental refuse of towns, but it is a most difficult matter to define the liquid that teems into our rivers under the name of sewage to-day; in most towns "chemical refuse" is the best name for the complex fluid running from the sewers. It is now more than ten years since I first commenced a series of experiments with a view of thoroughly testing various methods of purifying sewage and water contaminated with putrefying organic matter. It was while investigating the action of iron salts upon organic matter in solution and splitting up the chlorides present by means of electrolysis, that I first became aware of the importance of precipitating the soluble organic matter in such manner that no chemical solution should take the place of the precipitated organic matter. If chemical matter is substituted for the organic compounds, the cure is worse than the disease, as the resulting solution in most cases sets up after precipitation in the river into which it flows. My first electrolytical experiments were conducted with non-oxidizable plates of platinum and carbon, but the cost of the first and the impossibility of obtaining carbon plates that would stand long-continued action of nascent chlorine and oxygen made it desirable that some modification should be tried. I next tried the effect of electrolytic action when iron salts were present, but did not think of using iron electrodes until after trying aluminum. I found that the action of non-oxidizable electrodes was most efficacious after the temperature of the fluid acted upon rose 4° or 5°; but the cost of working made it impossible on a large scale. After a long series of experiments, iron plates were used as electrodes, with remarkable results, for the compounds of iron formed not only deodorized the samples of sewage acted on, but produced complete precipitation of the matters in suspension, and also of the soluble organic matter; the resulting effluents remaining perfectly free from putrefaction. The first part of the process is well illustrated by the small experiments now shown; the organic matter in suspension and in solution separates into flocculent particles, which rise to the top of the liquid and remain until the bubbles of hydrogen which have carried them up escape, when the solid matter will precipitate. In the arrangement adopted on a working scale, the separated particles precipitate readily. As an illustration of the action upon organic matter in solution I take a small quantity of dye, mix it with water, and placing the connected iron electrodes in the mixture, the dye in solution separates into flocculent particles. The electrolytical action is of course easily understood, but the chemical changes that take place need an explanation. At the positive pole, hypochlorite of iron seems to be formed at first, but this is quickly changed into a protochloride, and as at the negative pole an alkaline reaction takes place, the iron salt is precipitated in the form of the ferrous hydrated oxide, together with the organic matters in suspension and solution. Owing to the carbonates that are always present in sewage, ferrous carbonate is also formed. The success of these laboratory experiments led me to a trial of the process on a larger scale, for hitherto only a gallon at any one time had been treated. Small brick tanks were erected at my wharf at Peckham and iron electrodes fitted to them. Wrought iron plates were fixed about an inch apart, and connected in parallel in the tanks, forming one big cell. Sewage to the amount of about 200 gallons was run into the electrode tank and then treated, the results being so satisfactory that larger works were erected, when a supply of sewage equal to 20,000 gallons an hour could be obtained. After a number of experiments had been carried out it was decided to run the sewage as rapidly as possible through electrodes, six cells or two rows in series fixed in a long channel or shoot, for experience showed that the motion of the liquid acted on reduced the back E.M.F. and hastened the formation of the precipitate. A channel is kept at the bottom of the electrodes for the silt to collect, with a culvert at side to flush it into, so as to prevent any block occurring; the advantage of this is obvious. The plates in each section may be from half an inch to an inch thick, and can be of any length up to 6 ft. It may possibly be objected that a large number of plates is required. This may be so, but the larger the number of plates, the less the engine power required, and the longer they last. In each section the electrodes are in parallel, and any one section is in series with the other, the arrangement being exactly like that of a series of primary battery cells. By actual experience I have been able to prove that at least 25 sections of electrodes should be in series and across any one of these sections the potential difference need not be greater than 1.8 volts, the current being of any desired amount, according to the surface of plates used. The electrical measurements taken by Dr. John Hopkinson during these experiments for the Electrical Purification Association, to whom I had sold my patents, entirely corroborated my contentions as to E.H.P. used, and agreed with the measurements of the managing electrician, Mr. Octavius March. The process was then thoroughly investigated by Sir Henry Roscoe, who had control of the works for one month. He reports as follows: "The reduction of organic matter in solution is the crucial test of the value of a purifying agent, for unless the organic matter is reduced, the effluent will putrefy and rapidly become offensive. "I have not observed in any of the unfiltered effluents from this process which I have examined any signs of putrefaction, but, on the contrary, a tendency to oxidize. The absence of sulphureted hydrogen in samples of unfiltered effluent, which have been kept for about six weeks in stoppered bottles, is also a fact of importance. The settled sewage was not in this condition, as it rapidly underwent putrefaction, even in contact with air, in two or three days. "The results of this chemical investigation show that the chief advantages of this system of putrefaction are: "First.—The active agent, hydrated ferrous oxide, is prepared within the sewage itself as a flocculent precipitate. (It is scarcely necessary to add that the inorganic salts in solution are not increased, as in the case where chemicals in solution are added to the sewage.) Not only does it act as a mechanical precipitant, but it possesses the property of combining chemically with some of the soluble organic matter and carrying it down in an insoluble form. "Second.—Hydrated ferrous oxide is a deodorizer. "Third.—By this process the soluble organic matter is reduced to a condition favorable to the further and complete purification by natural agencies. "Fourth.—The effluent is not liable to secondary putrefaction." Mr. Alfred E. Fletcher also investigated the process subsequently, and reports as follows: "The treatment causes a reduction in the oxidizable matter in the sewage, varying from 60 to 80 per cent. The practical result of the process is a very rapid and complete clarification of the sewage, which enables the sludge to separate freely. "It was noticed that while the raw sewage filters very slowly, so that 500 c.c. required 96 hours to pass through a paper filter, the electrically treated sewage settled well and filtered rapidly. "Samples of the raw sewage, having but little smell when fresh, stank strongly on the third day. The treated samples, however, had no smell originally, and remain sweet, without putrefactive change. "In producing this result two agencies are at work, there is the action of electrolysis and the formation of a hydrated oxide of iron. It is not possible, perhaps, to define the exact action, but as the formation of an iron oxide is part of it, it seemed desirable to ascertain whether the simple addition of a salt of iron with lime sufficient to neutralize the acid of the salt would produce results similar to those attained by Webster's process. "In order to make these experiments, samples of fresh raw sewage were taken at Crossness at intervals of one hour during the day. As much as 10 grains of different salts of iron were added per gallon, plus 15.7 grains of lime in some cases and 125 grains of lime in another, and the treated sewage was allowed to settle twenty-four hours; the results obtained were not nearly as good as the electrical method." During the present year a very searching investigation of the merits of various processes of sewage treatment has been made by the corporation of Salford; among others of my electrical process. As the matter is at present under discussion by the council, I am not in a position to give extracts from the reports of the engineers and chemists under whose supervision and control the work was done, but I may go so far as to say that the results of my system of electrical treatment have proved its efficiency and applicability to sewages of even such a foul nature as that of Salford and Pendleton. The system was controlled continuously for the corporation by Mr. A. Jacob, B.A., C.E., the borough engineer; Mr. J. Carter Bell, F.I.C., etc., county analyst; Messrs John Newton & Sons, engineers, Manchester; Mr. Giles, of Messrs. Mather & Pratt, electrical engineers, Manchester; Dr. Charles A. Burghardt, lecturer in mineralogy at Owens College. I would also refer you to a paper recently read before the Manchester Section of this Society by Mr Carter Bell, the borough analyst for Salford, in whose remarks Dr. Burghardt, an independent authority, permits me to add that he concurs. He cannot give details until his report has gone in, which will be very shortly. Mr. Carter Bell's report gone in, and although he is precluded also from giving full details, he has kindly put at my disposal samples sealed by him of the effluents produced by the electrical treatment, which I now submit, together with the analyses in the table. has The samples are taken at random. Whether the process will or will not be adopted by the Salford authorities I am of course unable to say, but I think I may safely say that the electrical process has now absolutely proved its case in regard to the solution of the sewage problem. It is simple, efficient and, I am sure, more economical than any other known process where duration is taken into account. In regard to the Salford trials it may be interesting to give the following particulars: ______________________________________________________________________
                       |
                       |              Parts in 100,000.
                       |________________________________________________
                       |             |           |           |
                       |   May 15.   |  June 7.  |  June 30. |  July 25.
                       |_____________|___________|___________|__________
                       |Not filtered.|           |           |
    Total solids.      |   109       |  125      |  141      |  132
    Loss on ignition.  |    33       |   21      |   29      |   23
    Chlorine.          |    32       |   44      |   42      |   43
    Oxygen required    |             |           |           |
      for 15 minutes.  |     2.56    |    0.76   |    0.27   |    0.79
    Oxygen required    |             |           |           |
      for three hours. |     4.27    |    0.79   |    0.50   |    1.00
    Free ammonia.      |     2.20    |    0.88   |    0.50   |    0.92
    Albuminoid am-     |             |           |           |
      monia.           |     0.32    |    0.17   |    0.092  |    0.19
  _____________________|_____________|___________|___________|__________ The electrical shoot was built in brick and contained 28 cells arranged in series. Each cell contained 13 cast iron plates 4 in. × 2 ft. 8 in. × ½ in. thick connected in parallel. The available electrode surface in each cell was 256 sq. ft. The ampere hour treatment required for Salford was found to be about 0.37 ampere hours per gallon, and the I.H.P. per million gallons based on these figures would be 37. NOTE.—In estimating for the plant necessary for treating the whole of the Salford sewage, a margin was allowed on above figures. The A.H.T. was taken at 0.4 and the I.H.P. per million at 39 to 39.5. Mr. Octavius March, electrical engineer, who has followed the process from the commencement, and who superintended the electrical details both at Crossness and Salford, will give you on the blackboard a rough sketch of the above trial plant. The Salford tanks are admirably adapted to the application of the electrical or in fact any process of precipitation. They are 12 in number, and it is proposed to take two end tanks for the electrical channels, in which the iron electrodes would be placed. The total I.H.P. required for treating the whole of the Salford and Pendleton sewage, taken at 10,000,000 gallons per 24 hours, is calculated at 400 I.H.P., based on the actual work done during the trial. The electrical plant would consist of four engines and dynamos, any three of which could do the whole work, and three boilers, each of 200 I.H.P. The total cost of plant, including alterations, is estimated at £16,000, to which must be added the cost of about 5,000 tons of iron plates—ordinary cast iron—at say £4 per ton. These plates would last for several years. If filtration were required, there would be an extra expenditure for this, but it will be remarked that as the treated sewage is practically purified when it leaves the electrical channels, these filters would be only required for complete clarification, which for most places would not be a necessity. The filtering material used could be gradually prepared from the sludge obtained after electrical treatment, unless it could be more profitably sold as a manure, and I am not a believer in the value of sewage sludge in large quantities. This sludge, a waste product, is converted into , of which I have here two small samples. This magnetic oxide is a good filtering material, but, like every other filtering material, it would of course require renewal. There would, however, always be a supply of the waste product—sewage sludge—on the spot, and the spent magnetic oxide recarbonized could be used indefinitely. magnetic oxide of iron The annual cost for dealing with the Salford sewage is estimated at in round figures £2,500 for coal, labor, maintenance of engines, boilers and dynamos. To this must be added the consumption of iron and its replacement, which would have to be written off capital expenditure. If a colorless effluent were required, absolutely free from suspended matter, the additional cost is estimated at from £1,200 to £1,500. Recently read before the Chemical Society, London. From the of the Society. Journal About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Various (2004). Scientific American Supplement, No. 799, April 25, 1891. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/11649/pg11649-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at , located at . www.gutenberg.org https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html

THE ELECTRICAL PURIFICATION OF SEWAGE AND CONTAMINATED WATER

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United States Of America. v. Microsoft Corporation Court Filing by Thomas Penfield Jackson, November 5, 1999 is part of . You can jump to any part in this filing . This is part 53 of 58. HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series here VI. MICROSOFT’S RESPONSE TO THE THREAT POSED BY SUN’S IMPLEMENTATION OF JAVA For Microsoft, a key to maintaining and reinforcing the applications barrier to entry has been preserving the difficulty of porting applications from Windows to other platforms, and vice versa. In 1996, senior executives at Microsoft became aware that the number of developers writing network-centric applications in the Java programming language had become significant, and that Java was likely to increase in popularity among developers. Microsoft therefore became interested in maximizing the difficulty with which applications written in Java could be ported from Windows to other platforms, and vice versa. A. Creating a Java Implementation for Windows that Undermined Portability and Was Incompatible with Other Implementations Although Sun intended Java technologies eventually to allow developers to write applications that would run on multiple operating systems without any porting, the Java class libraries have never exposed enough APIs to support full-featured applications. Java developers have thus always needed to rely on platform-specific APIs in order to write applications with advanced functionality. Recognizing this, Sun sponsored a process for the creation of a software method that would allow developers writing in Java to rely directly upon APIs exposed by a particular operating system in a way that would nevertheless allow them to port their applications with relative ease to JVMs running on different operating systems. On March 12, 1996, Sun signed an agreement granting Microsoft the right to distribute and make certain modifications to Sun’s Java technologies. Microsoft used this license to create its own Java development tools and its own Windows-compatible Java runtime environment. Because the motivation behind the Sun-sponsored effort ran counter to Microsoft’s interest in preserving the difficulty of porting, Microsoft independently developed methods for enabling “calls” to “native” Windows code that made porting more difficult than the method that Sun was striving to make standard. Microsoft implemented these different methods in its developer tools and in its JVM. Microsoft also discouraged its business allies from aiding Sun’s effort. For example, Gates told Intel’s CEO in June 1996 that he did not want the Intel Architecture Labs cooperating with Sun to develop methods for calling upon multimedia interfaces in Windows. Since they were custom-built for enabling native calls to Windows, and because they were developed by the firm with the most intimate knowledge of Windows, the native methods that Microsoft produced were slightly easier for developers to use than the method that derived from the Sun-sponsored effort, and Java applications using Microsoft’s methods tended to run faster than ones calling upon Windows APIs with Sun’s method. If a developer relied on Microsoft’s methods rather than Sun’s, however, his Java application would be much more difficult to port from the Windows-compatible JVM to JVMs designed to run on different operating systems. Microsoft easily could have implemented Sun’s native method along with its own in its developer tools and its JVM, thereby allowing Java developers to choose between speed and portability; however, it elected instead to implement only the Microsoft methods. The result was that if a Java developer used the Sun method for making native calls, his application would not run on Microsoft’s version of the Windows JVM, and if he used Microsoft’s native methods, his application would not run on any JVM other than Microsoft’s version. Far from being the unintended consequence of an attempt to help Java developers more easily develop highperforming applications, incompatibility was the intended result of Microsoft’s efforts. In fact, Microsoft would subsequently threaten to use the same tactic against Apple’s QuickTime. Microsoft continued to refuse to implement Sun’s native method until November 1998, when a court ordered it to do so. It then took Microsoft only a few weeks to implement Sun’s native method in its developer tools and JVM. Although the Java class libraries have yet to provide enough functionality to support full-featured applications, they have gradually expanded toward that goal. In 1997, Sun added a class library called Remote Method Invocation, or “RMI,” which allowed Java applications written to call upon it to communicate with each other in certain useful ways. Microsoft was not willing to stand by and allow Java developers to rely on new Java class libraries unimpeded. The more that Java developers were able to satisfy their need for functionality by calling upon the Java class libraries, the more portable their applications would become. Microsoft had developed a set of Windows-specific interfaces to provide functionality analogous to the functionality RMI offered; it wanted Java developers to rely on this Windowsspecific technology rather than Sun’s cross-platform interface. Microsoft thus refused to include RMI as a standard component of the Java runtime environment for Windows that it shipped with Internet Explorer 4.0. The license agreement it had signed with Sun the previous year obligated Microsoft to offer RMI, at a minimum, on its developer Web site. Microsoft did so, but with respect to the RMI beta release, it buried the link in an obscure location and neglected to include an entry for it in the site’s index. Referring to RMI and any Java developers who might access Microsoft’s site looking for it, a Microsoft employee wrote to his approving manager, “They’ll have to stumble across it to know it’s there. . . . I’d say it’s pretty buried.” It is unclear whether Microsoft ultimately placed RMI in a more prominent place on its developer Web site. Even if it did, the fact that RMI was not shipped with Microsoft’s Java runtime environment for Windows meant that Java developers could not rely on its being installed on consumers’ PC systems. If developers wanted their Java applications to call upon communications interfaces guaranteed to be present on Windows users’ systems, they had no choice but to rely on the Microsoft-specific interfaces instead of RMI. Microsoft undertook the effort to remove RMI from the rest of the Java class libraries, instead of simply leaving it in place and allowing developers to choose between it and Windows-specific interfaces, for the sole purpose of making it more difficult for Java developers to write easily portable applications. In a further effort intended to increase the incompatibility between Java applications written for its Windows JVM and other Windows JVMs, and to increase the difficulty of porting Java applications from the Windows environment to other platforms, Microsoft designed its Java developer tools to encourage developers to write their Java applications using certain “keywords” and “compiler directives” that could only be executed properly by Microsoft’s version of the Java runtime environment for Windows. Microsoft encouraged developers to use these extensions by shipping its developer tools with the extensions enabled by default and by failing to warn developers that their use would result in applications that might not run properly with any runtime environment other than Microsoft’s and that would be difficult, and perhaps impossible, to port to JVMs running on other platforms. This action comported with the suggestion that Microsoft’s Thomas Reardon made to his colleagues in November 1996: “[W]e should just quietly grow j++ [Microsoft’s developer tools] share and assume that people will take more advantage of our classes without ever realizing they are building win32-only java apps.” Microsoft refused to alter its developer tools until November 1998, when a court ordered it to disable its keywords and compiler directives by default and to warn developers that using Microsoft’s Java extensions would likely cause incompatibilities with non-Microsoft runtime environments. Continue reading . here About We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings. HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: This court case Civil Action No. 98-1232 (TPJ) retrieved on 2-13-2023, from is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. justice.gov

Microsoft Was Threatened by Java: That's Why They Made the Decision to Undermine Its Portability

United States Of America. v. Microsoft Corporation Court Filing by Thomas Penfield Jackson, November 5, 1999, is part of . You can jump to any part in this filing . This is part 27 of 58. HackerNoon’s Legal PDF Series here V. MICROSOFT’S RESPONSE TO THE BROWSER THREAT A. Microsoft’s Attempt to Dissuade Netscape from Developing Navigator as a Platform Microsoft’s first response to the threat posed by Navigator was an effort to persuade Netscape to structure its business such that the company would not distribute platform-level browsing software for Windows. Netscape’s assent would have ensured that, for the foreseeable future, Microsoft would produce the only platform-level browsing software distributed to run on Windows. This would have eliminated the prospect that non-Microsoft browsing software could weaken the applications barrier to entry. Executives at Microsoft received confirmation in early May 1995 that Netscape was developing a version of Navigator to run on Windows 95, which was due to be released in a couple of months. Microsoft’s senior executives understood that if they could prevent this version of Navigator from presenting alternatives to the Internet-related APIs in Windows 95, the technologies branded as Navigator would cease to present an alternative platform to developers. Even if non-Windows versions of Navigator exposed Internet-related APIs, applications written to those APIs would not run on the platform Microsoft executives expected to enjoy the largest installed base, i.e., Windows 95. So, as long as the version of Navigator written for Windows 95 relied on Microsoft’s Internet-related APIs instead of exposing its own, developing for Navigator would not mean developing cross-platform. Developers of network-centric applications thus would not be drawn to Navigator’s APIs in substantial numbers. Therefore, with the encouragement and support of Gates, a group of Microsoft executives commenced a campaign in the summer of 1995 to convince Netscape to halt its development of platform-level browsing technologies for Windows 95. In a meeting held at Microsoft’s headquarters on June 2, 1995, Microsoft executives suggested to Jim Clark’s replacement as CEO at Netscape, James Barksdale, that the version of Navigator written for Windows 95 be designed to rely upon the Internet-related APIs in Windows 95 and distinguish itself with “value-added” software components. The Microsoft executives left unsaid the fact that value-added software, by definition, does not present a significant platform for applications development. For his part, Barksdale informed the Microsoft representatives that the browser represented an important part of Netscape’s business strategy and that Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 were expected to be the primary platforms for which Navigator would be distributed. At the conclusion of the June 2 meeting, Microsoft still did not know whether or not Netscape intended to preserve Navigator’s own platform capabilities and expand the set of APIs that it exposed to developers. In the hope that Netscape could still be persuaded to forswear any platform ambitions and instead rely on the Internet technologies in Windows 95, Microsoft accepted Barksdale’s invitation to send a group of representatives to Netscape’s headquarters for a technology “brainstorming session” on June 21. Netscape’s senior executives saw the meeting as an opportunity to ask Microsoft for access to crucial technical information, including certain APIs, that Netscape needed in order to ensure that Navigator would work well on systems running Windows 95. Early in the June 21 meeting, Microsoft representatives told Barksdale and the other Netscape executives present that they wanted to explore the possibility of building a broader and closer relationship between the two companies. To this end, the Microsoft representatives wanted to know whether Netscape intended to adopt and build on top of the Internet-related platform that Microsoft planned to include in Windows 95, or rather to expose its own Internet-related APIs, which would compete with Microsoft’s. If Netscape was not committed to providing an alternative platform for network-centric applications, Microsoft would assist Netscape in developing server- and (to a limited extent) PC-based software applications that relied on Microsoft’s Internet technologies. For one thing, the representatives explained, Microsoft would be content to leave the development of browser products for the Mac OS, UNIX, and Microsoft’s 16-bit operating system products to Netscape. Alternatively, Netscape could license to Microsoft the underlying code for a Microsoft-branded browser to run on those platforms. The Microsoft representatives made it clear, however, that Microsoft would be marketing its own browser for Windows 95, and that this product would rely on Microsoft’s platform-level Internet technologies. If Netscape marketed browsing software for Windows 95 based on different technologies, then Microsoft would view Netscape as a competitor, not a partner. When Barksdale brought the discussion back to the particular Windows 95 APIs that Netscape actually wanted to rely on and needed from Microsoft, the representatives from Microsoft explained that if Netscape entered a “special relationship” with Microsoft, the company would treat Netscape as a “preferred ISV.” This meant that Netscape would enjoy preferential access to technical information, including APIs. They intimated that Microsoft’s internal developers had already created the APIs that Netscape was seeking, and that Microsoft had not yet decided either which ISVs would be privileged to receive them or when access would be granted. The Microsoft representatives made clear that the alacrity with which Netscape would receive the desired Windows 95 APIs and other technical information would depend on whether Netscape entered this “special relationship” with Microsoft. After listening to Microsoft’s proposal, Barksdale had two main questions: First, where would the line between platform (Microsoft’s exclusive domain) and applications (where Netscape could continue to function) be situated? Second, who would get to decide where the line would lie? After all, the attractiveness of a special relationship with Microsoft depended a great deal on how much room would remain for Netscape to innovate and seek profit. The Microsoft representatives replied that Microsoft would incorporate most of the functionality of the current Netscape browser into the Windows 95 platform, perhaps leaving room for Netscape to distribute a user-interface shell. Where Netscape would have the most scope to innovate would be in the development of software “solutions,” which are applications (mainly serverbased) focused on meeting the needs of specific types of commercial users. Since such applications are already minutely calibrated to the needs of their users, they do not present platforms for the development of more specific applications. Although the representatives from Microsoft assured Barksdale that the line between platform and solutions was fixed by a collaborative decision-making process between Microsoft and its ISV partners, those representatives had already indicated that the space Netscape would be allowed to occupy between the user and Microsoft’s platform domain was a very narrow one. Simply put, if Navigator exposed APIs that competed for developer attention with the Internet-related APIs Microsoft was planning to build into its platform, Microsoft would regard Netscape as a trespasser on its territory. The Microsoft representatives did not insist at the June 21 meeting that Netscape executives accept their proposal on the spot. For his part, Barksdale said only that he would like more information regarding where Microsoft proposed to place the line between its platform and Netscape’s applications. In the ensuing, more technical discussions, the Netscape executives agreed to adopt one component of Microsoft’s platform-level Internet technology called Internet Shortcuts. The meeting ended cordially, with both sides promising to keep the lines of communication open. The executive who led Microsoft’s contingent on June 21, Daniel Rosen, emerged from the meeting optimistic that Netscape would abandon its platform ambitions in exchange for special help from Microsoft in developing solutions. His sentiments were not shared by another Microsoft participant, Thomas Reardon, who had not failed to notice the Netscape executives grow tense when the Microsoft representatives referred to incorporating Navigator’s functionality into Windows. Reardon predicted that Netscape would compete with almost all of Microsoft’s platform-level Internet technologies. Once he heard both viewpoints, Gates concluded that Rosen was being a bit naive and that Reardon had assessed the situation more accurately. In the middle of July 1995, Rosen’s superiors instructed him to drop the effort to reach a strategic concord with Netscape. Had Netscape accepted Microsoft’s proposal, it would have forfeited any prospect of presenting a comprehensive platform for the development of network-centric applications. Even if the versions of Navigator written for the Mac OS, UNIX, and 16-bit Windows had continued to expose APIs controlled by Netscape, the fact that Netscape would not have marketed any platform software for Windows 95, the operating system that was destined to become dominant, would have ensured that, for the foreseeable future, too few developers would rely on Navigator’s APIs to create a threat to the applications barrier to entry. In fact, although the discussions ended before Microsoft was compelled to demarcate precisely where the boundary between its platform and Netscape’s applications would lie, it is unclear whether Netscape’s acceptance of Microsoft’s proposal would have left the firm with even the ability to survive as an independent business. At the time Microsoft presented its proposal, Navigator was the only browser product with a significant share of the market and thus the only one with the potential to weaken the applications barrier to entry. Thus, had it convinced Netscape to accept its offer of a “special relationship,” Microsoft quickly would have gained such control over the extensions and standards that network-centric applications (including Web sites) employ as to make it all but impossible for any future browser rival to lure appreciable developer interest away from Microsoft’s platform. Continue reading . here About We bring you the most important technical and insightful public domain court case filings. HackerNoon Legal PDF Series: This court case Civil Action No. 98-1232 (TPJ) retrieved on 2-06-2023, from is part of the public domain. The court-created documents are works of the federal government, and under copyright law, are automatically placed in the public domain and may be shared without legal restriction. justice.gov

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Technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Machine Learning, Telemedicine, Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and the Internet of Things play a vital role in shaping the future of Health Tech. The goal is to make it easy for humans to take care of themselves and their overall health. In this article, we’ll discuss some of the ways AI, Telemedicine, AR, VR, IoT, and 3D technologies are improving healthcare and have become the driving forces of some medical technologies. Artificial Intelligence in Health Tech One of the top technologies causing a radical change in health tech is Artificial Intelligence. AI is the backbone of all modern emerging technologies. For the healthcare industry, AI-enabled solutions can assist medical research and help with new product development. With Machine Learning, the most common form of AI, it has become possible for researchers now to reach conclusions easily and with better precision. Big Data, which goes hand in hand with ML, is to analyze enormous amounts of patient data and detect the patterns of diseases. It includes diagnosing diseases to discovering links between genetic codes and robots assisting surgeries. Altogether, it can lead to better outcomes and patient engagement with immediate returns through cost reduction. used A deep neural network, called the , is developed by researchers at Penn State University. The new ML model would predict any future health conditions of a patient by scanning and analyzing the electronic health records of the patients. LSAN Image: Fraunhofer FOKUS AI in Cancer Care The integration of AI technology in cancer care is one area that can make a breakthrough impact on humanity. Cancer screening today is inconvenient and invasive. The detection of two common cancers, colon and breast, require screening technologies developed 50 years ago. Cancer patients have a 90% chance of survival if cancer is detected at stage I versus only a 5% chance at stage IV, so early detection is a critical means of improving patient outcomes. Helio Health is an AI-driven healthcare startup focused on developing and commercializing early cancer detection tests from a simple blood draw. The company's mission is to simplify cancer screening so lives can be saved by detecting cancer earlier. Helio Health has secured in venture funding and currently in clinical trials for its lead liver cancer detection test, the HelioLiver Test. Helio's development program is focused on liver, colon, breast, and lung cancer, and actively with top national cancer centers. $86 million currently collaborating Telemedicine in Health Tech Telemedicine technologies have been making a huge impact. Telemedicine boomed during the COVID-19 pandemic and I believe the trend is going to stay. There are plenty of reasons for that, but the real reason is as more and more gadgets, gears, and wearable devices - like Ring, FitBit, or Embr Wave - are becoming part of health tech. Apple announced a breakthrough ECG app - approved by the FDA - empowering patients to maintain a log of their electrocardiogram anytime. Our smartphones can now also pair with third-party health devices like glucometers, heart monitors, body scales, toothbrushes, and spirometers for other important and vital metrics. Wearable Devices Wearable and mobile devices are becoming popular as they are providing more accurate results than before. One of the causes of death worldwide is hypertension. But your smartphone can measure your blood pressure as well. OptiBP, by grants from The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, is a smartphone app that measures your blood pressure anytime. The app is very , and aided by telemedicine, can really make a difference to fight the global hypertension crisis even in low-income countries. leading Biospectal backed accurate Image: CNET Health tech devices can even transmit data automatically from such devices to telemedicine service providers. This growing number of health devices and their convenience is not only just helping researchers with day-to-day data but also opening a new era of at-home telehealth. Eye Exams Can Now be Done Online Another example of telemedicine is , a leading eye health provider. During the pandemic, they started to offer all eye care as part of their telemedicine initiative. The optical company offered patients to receive a customized eye care treatment plan and prescription through a virtual video screen with a local Ophthalmologist (MD) or Optometrist. It allowed patients to receive eye care during a pandemic when many eye care providers are turning away patients within the safety of their homes. Stanton Optical Many other startups like DoctorSpring and Second Opinions are telemedicine services. allows you to do a medical consultancy from board-certified doctors 24x7. Second Opinions also let you submit a medical questionnaire before scheduling an online meeting with a board-certified doctor. providing DoctorSpring Health tech is making it possible for the healthcare industry like diagnosing and treating cancer, diabetes, hypertension and helping patients suffering from mental health issues. to manage major diseases Neural Interfaces Can Also Improve Health Tech Elon Musk's neural technology company, , is working on a brain chip that will be implanted into the human skull and connected directly to the brain. The goal of the Neuralink chip is to provide an interface to communicate with the brain. It can help to improve mental health and cure brain disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injuries. It would initially focus on curing and treating major traumas and brain injuries, and can also be used to . The chip electrodes can read signals from the brain and write them down and will be helpful in curing paralysis as well. Neuralink restore eyesight and hearing Screengrab: Neuralink YouTube The brain chip designed by Neuralink is still in the phases of trials. It was first implanted in the brain of a pig for initial trials. The chip was recently implanted in a monkey, and a video showed it playing a video game by using its brain only. Elon Musk that his company and the chip will be ready for human trials later this year. However, he made a similar claim in 2019 that the chip would be tested on humans by the end of 2020. claimed in a tweet Facebook made a formal entry into the neural world when it CTRL Labs, a startup co-founded by Internet Explorer creator and neuroscientist Thomas Reardon, in 2019. CTRL Labs is working on a similar brain-machine interface, but unlike brain implanted chips by Neuralink, CTRL Labs' mainstream product is their wristband which they to transmit electrical signals from the brain into computer input. acquired demonstrated CTRL Labs wristband is part of Facebook's AR/VR research group. Facebook plans to use the neural interface technology of CTRL Lab's wristband that connects to their AR/VR devices more naturally and intuitively. Neural technology development is a clear indication that we will see a breakthrough in health tech very soon. Medical VR/AR Solutions Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) have proved to be significant and useful visual technologies. They have already advanced so much in the healthcare sector that medical practitioners can now 3D images of human autonomy and their CT scans for better examination and to precisely locate the blood vessels, bones, and muscles. render , a startup based in Palo Alto, has raised $14 million in September to build a virtual reality surgical training and assessment platform. This can help surgeons in training to repeat steps many times virtually. Orthopedic residency programs using Osso VR include Columbia University, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Harvard Medical School, and more. Osso VR Image: Osso VR Organovo has already printed human liver cells and tissues in 3D. Their is helping the pharmaceutical and the healthcare industry in testing the conditions of the human liver. ExVive3D Liver Tissue The technology is advancing quickly enough that we could soon see surgeons and medical staff frequently use VR or AR glasses during critical surgeries, and it was that the individuals who take help from this health tech perform surgeries quicker and with better precision. Surgeries are quicker and more precise now with the help of AR and VR. found Final Thoughts on the Current State of Health Tech Healthcare has always been of immense importance to human beings. Health tech is constantly improving the healthcare sector, and the ways of providing basic healthcare to humans have become easier and more effective. Do you think I missed an important health tech development? Share your views in the . HackerNoon Community Want to keep up with all the latest health topics? Subscribe to our newsletter in the footer below.

How Health Tech is Shaping the Future of Healthcare

“I’m going to do a boss move,” announced my manager, almost like she was going to step out for lunch. “Let’s discuss more in our meeting later.” “Oh, OK,” I replied looking at her and then politely smiled. I had never heard this phrase before and was confused as to what might be coming next. I quickly turned back to my laptop to Google “ .” I scrolled through the search results looking for an obvious definition but nothing was making sense. Boss Move My mind then jumped to the conclusion that I must have done something wrong. Now we’d probably have to talk about a performance improvement plan, my anxiety said. To prepare, I raced through my list of what I was working on and my deliverables. Nothing had blown up and I really thought everything was going fine -- at least it was by me. Everything became uncomfortably clear in our meeting. I was assured that I hadn’t done anything wrong. However, my boss would now take over a piece of business I negotiated and visit the client herself, not me. It was a setback since I thought I owned the relationship. But it was an early-stage startup after all and anything could happen at any time, even office politics. Whether you work for a startup or a FAANG, you’ll find office politics. In fact, office politics exist in all organizations. And, while there are many books and LinkedIn courses available on the subject, the vast majority of us have only had on-the-job training. It’s also important to note that even though you may not be physically in the office, working remotely may change but not eliminate your organization’s political landscape. The Game of Office Politics Interpersonal relationships are at the core of office politics. more broadly states that “office politics include being aware of interpersonal dynamics at work, and trying to accomplish things while keeping that reality in mind.” Gossiping, flattering higher ups, and claiming credit for someone’s work are the most common activities associated with office politics, according to a . Further, office politics were ranked the this year in a Dorie Clark survey by Robert Half number one cause of workplace stress Perkbox survey. After the “boss move” experience, it was stressful and challenging to know when the next “boss move” might happen. I felt more insecure with my work and unmotivated. The competition also felt more intense between competing agendas of the stakeholders at the startup. It’s interesting to note that are known for having their own brand of negative politics, attributed to evolutionary competition for mates, where aggressive and bullying behavior is directed solely at other women. Office politics are also seen as a “ ,” and involvement in office politics as well as potential gains for other groups have begun to be researched since diversity has gradually been changing the status quo. women white man’s game In addition, the media has reported extreme Silicon Valley office politics stories about backstabbing venture capitalists, manipulator CEO’s and toxic culture - but it's not all bad and every workplace has their own flavor of politics. Organizations can have varying degrees of office politics according to , which include pathologically, highly, moderately and minimally political. Kathleen Kelley Reardon To understand which level an organization is operating, it may take time, research and close observation. By starting with informational interviews, employer reviews online and the interview process, the level of politics may be apparent. For example, when I was told by a hiring manager that I would not be moving forward in the startup’s interview process, I moved on. However, when the CEO followed up with me a few days later and asked that I write the hiring manager to be put on a project, I knew this was a category of politics I didn’t feel comfortable participating in. I also didn’t think managing up in the interview process would help me look like a team player. The rules and norms of office politics are constantly changing, just as individual organizations increase or decrease headcount. As long as there is scarcity and people must figure out how to work with each other, office politics will continue to exist to some extent. Most experts agree is a strategy that will not result in career advancement. Some advocate developing political skills to manage difficult situations in addition to being strategic about work relationships, especially with the six common types of . But jumping on the political bandwagon regardless if you are junior or senior level may be challenging. How to Deal avoiding office politics office personalities Whether you’re meditating on life or premeditating politicking, keep in mind that the organization’s leadership is responsible for creating the work culture and political environment that exists. One study by the found, the environment itself, not increasing political skill, can help both women and men achieve senior management positions. To change the environment and subsequently office politics in tech, one proposed solution to increase diversity has been to “ ” by recruiting leadership from other industries. Tech leadership teams open to diverse industry experiences can minimize cliques and political conflicts. Journal of Applied Psychology create new talent On the individual level, how to deal effectively with all variances of workplace dynamics depends largely on values and developing soft skills. Shifting the focus away from reactively dealing with the negative effects of office politics to cultivating an awareness of one’s strengths and weaknesses can reframe office politics. Further, developing sustainable professional relationships takes a high degree of communication and authenticity. When you’re confident in your values and abilities, being authentic comes automatically. This sincerity will build trust and can increase your ability to influence others as a leader, according to . Networking within and outside your organization with those that share your values will multiply opportunities to gain visibility and you can help others. Amy Cuddy Everyone has their own stories about office drama. With increasing resources on workplace behavior, in addition to learning from individual stories, office politics will continue to shift as organizations will need to create better environments to stay competitive. For me, it’s through personal reflection and sharing my work experiences that I’ve gained more insight into my values and which has led to more professional growth opportunities. If you want to learn more about how to deal with politics- read our piece on . performance reviews

Office Politics in Tech

This article uses Exercise number 10 on the to teach self JOINs in a beginner-friendly way. Self JOIN SQL ZOO tutorial The only way to understand SQL problems is to understand the data you're dealing with. The whole business of SQL becomes really abstract if you can't visualize the tables somehow. So, the first thing we will do is to understand how the tables in problem no. 10 work. Let's take a look at our database. I'm not going to teach how to write a SQL query as I'm assuming you already know the basics. Rather, I'm going to show how I go about trying to make sense of databases. I divided my thought process into the following steps. 1. SELECT all items If our table has millions of rows, a query that returns all items may take a lot of time to load. You can always use LIMIT 50 or something like that so that your table doesn't take forever to load. In our case, SQL ZOO already only returns the 50 first rows of our query, so we don't have to worry about it. Let's see what that looks like. Alright, and are the keys we used to connect the two tables, that's why they're always the same in every line. We got the name of the stop, the bus and the bus . We learned from an earlier problem that we would usually refer to a bus by their num and company like '124 SMT'. So, by looking at our table we could assume that at the stop in Aberlady we can get the 124 SMT bus. id stop number, company So far so good, but it took me a lot more time to understand what the was. At the beginning of the page, there's a link that takes us to a place where they tell us what every column in the table means. They say is the order of the stops, but I still couldn't visualize what it meant just by looking at the table. Now, the good news for us here is that we're not going to need to use to solve our problem, but I'll still tell you how you can understand it in the next step. pos pos pos 2. Use ORDER BY to understand what is going on If we order by the then by , we'll see that the '1 LRT' bus, for example,  leaves from Leith then goes on a round trip until it gets back to Leith after stopping at 9 other stops. If we go down the table, we see that not all buses go on a round trip as they won't always end up at the same stop where they started. num position As I said, we won't be needing to use for this exercise but it could be useful if we were trying to find, for example,  not only the buses available but also the shortest possible routes. pos Ok, now that we got a clearer understanding of what is going on, let's see what the problem wants us to do. Ok, so, by telling us that we need two buses, we know that there is not a bus that goes straight from Craiglockhart to Lochend. In other words, we need to find the buses that stop at Craiglockhart and have stops in common with the buses that stop at Lochend. Because that's where they can get off and change buses. Ok? I hope that's clear. As I said, it may be hard to visualize it without looking at a map. But hopefully, it's going to get clearer in a second. As with everything, there is a number of ways we can do things. Keep that in mind as we move to the next step. 3. Never forget that a self JOIN creates a new table When you do a self JOIN, you might be tempted to try to visualize it as a table somehow joined to itself. But the way to think about it is as two separate tables that look exactly the same. You join the new one to the side of the first one. Because they are exactly the same, any column can become a key. In other words, you can pick what your primary keys are going to be. That's where the fun starts! Right now, there's only one stop per row, but for the next step, we need another one, our transfer stop. So, here's what we can do: we can connect a new route table to the table we already have ON AND like this: num company, You see, our r2 table got appended to our r1 table adding up all of their columns. Both the r1 and r2 always have the same and (in the same lines) because that's where we joined them. num company We already saw that the '1 LRT' line runs through 11 stops. That's why we can see the stop name repeat for eleven rows at each new stop. In other words, from Leith, you can get to any of those stops listed on the far-right column. Let's reduce the number of columns we're showing so we can get a better view of our data. 4. With Self JOINs, think horizontally It's easy to get a little lost before you're about to filter your data. It helps if you visualize your tables as a horizontal map. On your left, you have the place from where you're leaving: 'Craiglockhart'. To your right, you'll have—I'll show it very soon—your transfer stop, then your destination. So, let's filter the column by 'Craiglockhart'. name So, what we're looking at now, if we take into consideration the column, is a list of all the stops you can get to leaving from Craiglockhart. stop Now, imagine that we can do the same for Lochend, but instead of having it as the departure, we have it as the arrival. Let's see what that would look like. Now, the column is showing all the stops from where we can get on a bus and get to Lochend. stop In our query before this one, we saw all the stops we could get to leaving from Craiglockhart. In this one, we have all the stops we can leave from to get to Lochend. In other words, all we have to do is join these two tables together. Again, have that in mind: s join tables horizontally—or to the side. There's something called UNION that stacks tables vertically—on top of each other, but JOINs glue them horizontally. Is that bueno? JOIN So, how do we connect these two queries that we just saw? I will show you the long way first and then a shorter syntax. Alright, I still haven't removed the unneeded columns, but let's take a look. We now have four tables and one table—which is showing us the transfer stop. What we have to do now is to filter the stop on r1 by 'Craiglockhart' and the stop in r4 by 'Lochend' and we'll get to our answer. To do that, we could JOIN another table at the beginning of our table and append another to the end of our table. But, instead, we can use what we learned with subqueries, like so. route stops stops stops We got our solution. How do we know? It says 'too many columns'. So we know we only have to adjust the number of columns being shown. Let's look at the problem header to do so. It says some of the data is still incorrect. Let's investigate why. If we scroll down our table there's a link we can click that shows us what our answer should look like. Let's do that. When we take it to compare our answer to theirs, we realize it's probably just a matter of ordering our columns the way they want us to. That might take a little experimenting in case you can't visualize what columns to ORDER BY right away, but in the end, this is what we should end up with. Yay! We got the smiley face and the solution to our problem. There's only one more thing I'm going to show you which is a shorter syntax for that same solution. Granted, it's not that much shorter and certainly not as intuitive, but there you have it. It's also important to note that when you use the JOIN ... ON syntax you can always write the conditionals on either the ON clause or using the WHERE. That's it. I hope it was helpful. As always, please let me know if you have any questions. Thanks and have fun with SQL!

Learning Self JOIN Queries With SQLZOO

If you're trying to learn CSS Flexbox, I bet you've spent some time watching a few tutorials on YouTube. Maybe you've seen , that’s a great one. Maybe you're bi-lingual and found some helpful content in your native tongue. Most technical content on the internet is in English, as we know. Yet, sometimes I find some amazing content in my native Portuguese. (Like . Finally, how can you not have resorted to the ? the Wes Bos series this remarkably simple to understand tutorial on Flexbox) Interneting Is Hard tutorials I have, however, ran into a problem with most of the tutorials I've seen. They'll teach you how to create these wonderful responsive grids using nothing but... boxes. That's fine, of course, because responsive images can be a topic on its own. But Flexbox grids are often built using images. Even when I found tutorials that used images, the images were all the same size. That's great if you can work with images that are equal in size, but that's not always the case. And even if it is the case, this technique that I'm about to show might still come in handy. First, let's take a look at how you could build a Flexbox grid without images: Remember our flex needs to wrap. Our flex container should look something like that. Now, let's try to add some images that are equal in size: We can make it even more responsive setting width in percents. Like this: I added a max-width and centered the content using margin auto. Don't forget to discount the 10px from both margins. Flex-grow and shrink make sure our images' sizes will always change proportionally. That can also be written in one line. Finally, let's see what happens if we try to add images of different sizes: As you can see, that's starting to look not so great. So, how do we fix it? First, an important disclaimer. The solution I'm about to show you is a fast way of building a web page with responsive images. The topic of responsive images can be extensive. It usually involves things like page loading time. That can have an impact on your SEO rankings and user experience. I'll reference some articles at the end if you want to dive deeper into the subject, but, for now, here's how you do it: First, you calculate the aspect ratio of the image smallest in height. You do that by dividing the height by the width: Open your devtools in your browser Hover over the image Our smallest image aspect ratio will be 119.8% Then, you add a wrapper around your images. That's important because you don't want your image container to be a flex wrapper. Your image wrapper is not going to have a height, only a padding-top or padding-bottom, you decide. That padding-top or bottom will take the aspect ration we just calculated. Like this: The position of the image wrapper will be relative since the image will be absolute. Finally, you will set the position of the image to absolute. Then you center the image—margin: auto is necessary for our example to work. That was it for the first row. But we have an image even smaller on the second row. We can either readjust the aspect ratio of all our boxes or just for the ones on the second row. It's up to you. I'll go for the second option. Take a look: Voilà! That's it. Have fun! Resources: I learned the trick I just demonstrated with this amazing article. The author calls it 'the Netflix way': by the Netflix way Adrien Zaganelli How to calculate the aspect ratio The following articles are very good if you want to expand on the topic of responsive images: Learn HMTL multimedia and embedding responsive images CSS Tricks responsive images A complete guide to responsive images Renponsive images - An Event Apart Automate your responsive images with mobify-js

How To Create Truly Responsive Images With Flexbox

is an upcoming strategy game where players can own, modify and battle other players using their mechanical bugs called BattelFlys. The game is also part of the Treasure Gaming ecosystem. Gameplay elements include Player-vs-Player (PvP) and Play-to-Earn (P2E) battles. BattleFly Picture yourself as a crypto novice eager to try out an exciting play-to-earn game for the first time, especially after hearing how people can make serious cash playing on the blockchain. However, rather than earning potential, you’re met with increasingly steep barriers within the game, from to extortionate operational . This is the reality that can cause many casual gamers to recoil from entering blockchain gaming, creating an unsustainable and inaccessible play-to-earn ecosystem. multiple microtransactions gas fees Story The story is set in a world where artificial intelligence (AI) has surpassed human intelligence.  In their quest to control the remaining resources on Earth, humans combined AI, DNA, and military tech to create the BattleFly, mechanical butterfly-esque, killing machines. Over time, the BattleFly became the dominant weapon system on Earth and was mass produced in the billions via automated silos. Eventually, a war broke out and their human creators disappeared with only a few remaining. This leads to a management program named Tsuro 2.0, taking over the world and soon the connected universe. Tsuro 2.0 leads a group of five AI called C.O.N.T.R.O.L. that aim to maintain order in the universe. However, there are AI's that survived the collapse which aim to destroy the world and spread entropy throughout the universe, whilst others aim to dominate it. One of these AI's, named Father B, consumed all of the organic matter on Earth. Another AI, named HELL-A, wants to rule the universe alone, and she uses her army of BattleFlys to do her bidding. BattleFlys serve multiple AI masters and travel between different worlds, destroying anything that gets in their path. They eventually come across a Rift in the sky that leads to other dimensions, to the Bridgeworld. Gameplay BattleFly will mainly revolve around PvP battles where players can fight against each other with their BattleFlys, which exist as in-game NFTs. Minigames will also feature in the game, where players can earn in-game rewards for completing them, one example being BattleFly Racer. Built on TreasureDAO, BattleFly allows players to experience a new NFT gaming universe that prioritizes accessibility and interoperability. BattleFly is powered by $MAGIC, a token operating on the Arbitrum network, which allows the project to retain an accessible price point. With an introductory price point between $20 and $100, the game provides an inclusive alternative within the blockchain gaming realm. Players start out by staking their Cocoons with 5 MAGIC in The Silo in order to spawn their first BattleFlys. BattleFly's will spawn from their cocoons in 2 weeks and they start out with four, random modifications which include shields, weapons, and systems. Modifications can be upgraded and new ones can be earned by staking MAGIC in the Gardens. Weapons help players to defeat other BattleFlys in combat and include the following traits: Rarity - Rarity of the weapon Power Rating - Power rating for the weapon Type - Type of weapons equipped Damage - Damage output for the weapon Damage Effects - Effects of the attack (i.e. freezing enemies) Speed - Attack speed Burst - Attack burst Defense systems help players to defend and keep their BattleFlys alive during battles and include the following traits: Rarity - How rare the system is Shield Value - Hitpoints for the shield system Armor Value - Hitpoints for the armor system Effects - Defensive effects Power Rating - Power rating for the equipped system Utility systems improve damage for certain weapons, add special effects to attacks (such as freezing) and improve defenses. These systems include the following traits: Rarity - Rarity of the utility system Effects - Effect of the utility system Power Rating - Power rating of the utility system Gameplay is idle, with players collecting, hatching, and upgrading their BatteFlys before sending them off for battle. Battles take place in the Hyperdrome by players staking their BattleFlys with MAGIC. Every two minutes, two different BattleFlys are chosen to fight in an automated battle. Winners receive a percentage of the other player's staked MAGIC tokens. Like mainstream games like Fortnite and PUBG, BattleFly will have seasons, each one consisting of 12 weeks. In Season 1, BattleFlys that win battles will receive a portion of the losing player's staked tokens, meaning that players will need to ensure their BattleFlys are equipped with suitable weapons and defensive modifications. Players will be able to earn or lose MAGIC based on how well optimized their BattleFlys are. Conclusion BattleFly is an upcoming, idle strategy game with P2E elements and PvP combat. Players will be able to customize their BattleFlys and battle other players to earn tokens. This looks like an interesting addition to the blockchain gaming ecosystem of games.

Let's Look at BattleFly: A Competitive Play-to-Earn Strategy Game

Echemos un vistazo a BattleFly: un juego de estrategia competitivo de jugar para ganar

Regardons BattleFly : un jeu de stratégie compétitif Play-to-Earn

आइए बैटलफ्लाई को देखें: एक प्रतिस्पर्धी प्ले-टू-अर्न स्ट्रैटेजी गेम

BattleFly を見てみましょう: 競争力のあるプレイして稼ぐ戦略ゲーム

Vamos olhar para BattleFly: um jogo de estratégia competitivo de jogar para ganhar

Hãy xem BattleFly: Trò chơi chiến lược cạnh tranh để kiếm tiền

让我们来看看 BattleFly：一款竞争性的赚钱策略游戏

Cloudflare, Inc. (NYSE: NET), the security, performance, and reliability company helping to build a better Internet, today announced it will help power an Internet with zero carbon emissions. Now, not only will one of the world’s largest and most interconnected networks operate on 100 percent renewable energy, but Cloudflare will also remove all historical carbon its global network has emitted since its founding by 2025. The Internet is responsible for approximately 1 billion tons of greenhouse gas emissions per year—roughly comparable to the annual CO2 emissions of the entire aviation industry worldwide. Now any Internet property on Cloudflare’s network—which today already consists of 17 percent of the web—will automatically reduce emissions and seamlessly contribute to a greener, more sustainable world. Today, Cloudflare is also releasing sustainable edge computing services and energy-efficient features to help organisations of any size build sustainability directly into their own applications, websites, and networks. Now businesses can choose to intelligently route traffic through data centres powered by renewable energy using Green Compute on Cloudflare Workers. Customers can also understand and quantify their individual footprints and approximate savings from Cloudflare’s network in comparison to Internet averages with the Carbon Impact Report. Furthermore, organisations that deploy websites on Cloudflare Pages will automatically operate on renewable energy and receive a green certification from The Green Web Foundation displayed through a verified badge. “Internet usage has skyrocketed in the last couple of years, growing over 80 percent on our network, and is showing no signs of slowing down. ,” said Matthew Prince, co-founder and CEO of Cloudflare. For every search you do, online order you make, and video call you join, there is an environmental impact from the physical data centres, servers, and other physical infrastructure the Internet relies on “We want to give the Internet a clean slate to help build toward a future where it’s easy for anyone to create, build, and run their applications on green energy while remaining secure, fast, and reliable.” As Internet usage continues to rise, so does the energy that’s required to deliver online services. The electricity used to power the Internet’s infrastructure helps move content that sits in faraway servers, passes it through networks, and allows for it to land on a user’s device. While turning to cloud platforms to deliver a service or document is more environmentally efficient than paper printouts, for example, each Internet-powered property has a climate impact that can be mitigated. Organisations need the insights, tools, and control to lower their supply chain carbon emissions without sacrificing the security, speed, or reliability of their applications and corporate networks. Cloudflare is providing environmentally efficient solutions, giving organisations a seamless way to: : Using Cloudflare’s distributed global network to drive a better climate outcome, businesses and developers can elect to route a portion of their compute workloads through facilities on Cloudflare’s edge powered by 100 percent renewable energy with Green Compute on Cloudflare Workers. Power compute with renewable energy 2. : The millions of customers powered by Cloudflare can effortlessly track and view their approximate carbon savings from their usage of Cloudflare services in comparison to Internet averages for the same volumes. With the Carbon Impact Report, all customers can view customised data on their individual footprints on Cloudflare’s network to quantify, report on, and set sustainability goals, as well as view recommendations on actions they can take to reduce their carbon impact. Quantify their individual footprint and carbon savings from Cloudflare’s network 3. : All websites are automatically powered by 100 percent renewable energy with Cloudflare Pages, now in partnership with The Green Web Foundation. Organisations and developers default to deploy certified green web pages and can elect to display a verified badge. Receive green certification on their websites by default 4. : Search engines will be notified by Cloudflare when content on a page has changed, to eliminate unnecessary crawls and energy. This option will be available in the future for all Cloudflare customers, to help deliver fresher indexes while wasting fewer resources from search engines. Reduce unnecessary energy from search engines indexing the web Efficiency has been at the core of Cloudflare’s network from its founding. In contrast to legacy models that transport certain activity to specific data centres halfway across the world, each Cloudflare data centre delivers full functions of security, performance, and reliability to intelligently serve users based on location. The coupling of comprehensive services and Cloudflare’s network edge—spanning more than 200 cities operating within milliseconds of the Internet-connected population—simultaneously reduces energy to transport while providing optimal speed and security. Cloudflare continues to iterate on the optimal efficiency of its network, and has achieved more than 50 percent improvement in requests per watt by deploying Arm® Neoverse™-based processors in its edge servers. Today, the company is furthering its efficiencies with renewable energy-powered edge computing and services for its customers to build and scale sustainability. “The industry is facing a massive opportunity to accommodate the increasing demand on cloud computing in a sustainable way,” said Chris Bergey, Senior Vice President and General Manager, Infrastructure Line of Business, Arm. “Energy efficiency is part of Arm’s DNA, and we are pleased to see Cloudflare leverage the performance-per-watt benefits of Neoverse as they continue to build on and prioritise the overall efficiencies of its vast global network.” “Cloudflare’s recent climate disclosures and commitments are encouraging, especially given how much traffic flows through their network. Every provider should be at least this transparent when it comes to accounting for the environmental impact of their services”, said Chris Adams, Co-director of The Green Web Foundation. “We see a growing number of users relying on CDNs to host their sites, and they are often confused when their sites no longer show as green, because they’re not using a green CDN. It’s good to see another more sustainable option available to users, and one that is independently verified.”

Cloudflare Helps Reduce The Environmental Impact of Internet Carbon Emissions

Earth is reaching a limit to how much carbon emissions it can cope with before it becomes unsafe for human life. One non-profit foundation plans to use blockchain to help us avoid climate catastrophe. Climate Change: Hitting a Wall The science is clear that climate change is real and the world must act to mitigate its impact. Human activity is changing the composition of our atmosphere by releasing higher quantities of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. We do this through our energy and transportation systems, agriculture, and waste systems, among other activities. Climate change is already causing extreme global events, such as fires, migrating diseases, flooding, ocean acidification, and mass migration. Climate change impacts have the U.S. economy at least $240 billion a year over the past ten years, and in the next decade, that figure could increase to $360 billion. cost In short, the world is reaching a limit regarding how much carbon emissions it can cope with. Carbon Neutrality To avoid environmental disaster humanity must go carbon neutral. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) based at the World Health Organization has that reaching and sustaining net-zero global carbon emissions would “halt anthropogenic global warming.” determined The creation of carbon credit markets is one way to achieve carbon neutrality. Carbon credits can offset pollution resulting from running a business or purchasing a product. A carbon credit is what you get when an emissions reductions project avoids the release of one metric ton of carbon dioxide into the Earth’s atmosphere. A product is “climate positive” when at least 100% of the carbon emissions used to produce it are offset using carbon credits. For example, a banana’s carbon footprint is 80 grams, which includes farm production, transport, and ripening. To make a banana “carbon neutral” those 80 grams must be offset by buying 80 grams of carbon credits. Thus, carbon credit markets internalize the invisible environmental costs of everyday business and consumer choices. Current Carbon Credit Markets New government regulations mean some individuals are already paying for carbon emissions for some aspects of their lifestyle. For example, the European Union has an emissions trading system that puts a price on energy use. As it is legally enforced, this is a non-voluntary carbon market. There is also a voluntary market for carbon credits. Individuals can buy them through websites that approximately calculate their carbon footprint for a given amount of time (e.g. a year) or a single event (holiday, air flight). Individuals can then buy carbon credits to address those emissions. One problem with existing voluntary markets is they aren’t a mainstream solution. There are only so many people who will choose to visit a website. Also, measuring emissions in crude aggregate amounts (e.g. tons) and offsetting them as a one-off purchase makes it hard directly connect the expenditure of carbon credits to everyday activities. Poseidon’s Blockchain Solution is a non-profit foundation that has developed a carbon credit platform to turn the negative environmental impact of goods and services into positive climate action. This is possible through the direct integration of carbon credit purchasing with the retail sector. Poseidon While there are many types of carbon credits, Poseidon is only using ones that are land-based. Examples of land-based credits include “blue carbon,” which support the conservation of coastal areas, and forest conservation credits. In general, land-based carbon credits are powerful because they provide many extra benefits beyond the emissions they offset. For instance, conserving forests protects biodiversity and local communities. Integration with Retail Sector Poseidon’s initial focus is on retail integration. It’s building an end-to-end platform that lets retailers offer carbon credits with every product and service. A mobile app for consumers displays product details, its carbon footprint, and the number of carbon credits required to offset it. Using blockchain technology, the Poseidon platform will process micro-donations in almost real-time. The service Poseidon is suggesting is unique and represents the first carbon credit market to connect climate action directly to consumer purchases. Stellar blockchain Poseidon chose Stellar as a blockchain partner as it is the only platform that offers scalability in line with Poseidon’s environmental values. Stellar’s architecture is much less energy-intensive than other blockchains. A Stellar transaction uses less electricity than both and , and only a fraction of the electricity of a transaction. This minimal environmental impact fits well with Poseidon’s overall purpose. Besides the Stellar blockchain, Poseidon will use proprietary software solutions to form the backend of its platform. Bitcoin Ethereum VISA Partnership Poseidon has partnered with to ensure any projects added to its blockchain platform are monitored to the highest global standards. Ecosphere+ provides full impact reporting of carbon credits to ensure they meet strict environmental, social, and governance standards. This quality control is an essential part of the Poseidon platform. Ecosphere+ Conclusion The global climate crisis is imminent. To avert disaster humanity must make a substantial change to how we produce and consume. Yet, the task of becoming carbon neutral as a species is daunting. We need forward-thinking projects like Poseidon that are not profit-driven but based on a desire to improve our collective future. Subscribe to my Medium and Twitter channels if you want to learn about blockchain and cryptocurrency projects. Frauswif. If you have any questions about this article, please comment in the section below. frauswif. Thank you!

Can Blockchain Help Us Become Carbon Neutral?

What's Next in the Journey of AI? Neuro-Symbolic AI

Sustainability has always been a concern for many of us in various aspects of our lives. From picking up garbage in the park to celebrating National Earth Day with our classmates, we were taught from childhood to care about our planet in a hands-on way. But what about the parts of eco-friendliness that are more ‘out of sight, out of mind,’ like compute energy? According to Goldman Sachs, data center power demand is projected to surge by 160% by 2030, with AI expected to account for about 19% of this demand by 2028, highlighting the urgent need for greener solutions. Tackling this issue means finding ways to make computing more sustainable through creative solutions to help reduce the environmental impact of technology while still meeting the growing demand for computing power. Environmental Challenges in Computing Computing revolutionized our world, but it also comes with a hefty environmental price tag. Data centers, the backbone of our tech-infused society, are massive energy consumers. As they power everything from social media to financial transactions, their electricity usage is skyrocketing exponentially, leading to high operational costs and immensely significant carbon emissions. The rapid growth of AI and cloud computing is further exacerbating this problem, demanding even more energy-intensive data processing. For instance, a ChatGPT prompt-and-answer requires almost ten times more electricity than a Google search (2.9 watt-hours vs. 0.3 watt-hours)! Another major challenge is the heat generated by these data centers. Keeping servers cool requires huge amounts of energy, leading to a vicious cycle of energy consumption that seems insurmountable. Finally, the reliance on non-renewable energy sources in many regions adds to the environmental burden, making it imperative to find more sustainable alternatives. Innovative Solutions for Sustainable Computing Despite these challenges, the tech industry is stepping up with innovative solutions to make computing more sustainable. Renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar, and hydro, are increasingly being used to power data centers. Companies are also investing in advanced cooling technologies that reduce energy consumption. One exciting development is the use of heat reuse projects. Instead of wasting the heat generated by servers, it is repurposed for heating buildings or even agricultural applications, turning a byproduct into a valuable resource. This reduces energy waste and lowers the carbon footprint of such data centers. Decentralized cloud computing platforms are another very promising solution. By utilizing spare computing capacity from various sources around the world, these platforms optimize resource usage and minimize the need for new infrastructure. This approach saves energy and democratizes access to computing power, making it more affordable and efficient for everyone involved. “It’s really key that we work with sustainable providers around the world to be able to capture that and actually use it for the data center industry,” says Matt Hawkins, CEO of CUDOS, a decentralized cloud computing platform that works with numerous data centers across the world in North and Latin America and Europe. “The three main areas are hydro, solar, and wind. We also need more data centers connected directly to these renewable sources to reduce our carbon footprint.” CUDOS is leading the way with its commitment to sustainability. The company’s platform connects users with sustainable cloud services, ensuring that computing power is both efficient and eco-friendly. Through partnerships with organizations like impact-focused Climate Trade, CUDOS is working towards a carbon-neutral future, demonstrating that it’s possible to meet the growing demands of technology without compromising the health of our planet. Case Studies and Real-World Applications Aside from CUDOS, innovative solutions for sustainable computing are being implemented by forward-thinking companies worldwide. Some compelling examples showcase the real-world impact of these initiatives. One exciting development involves deploying data centers in environments that offer natural cooling, such as underwater locations. Additionally, some organizations, like CUDOS, are focusing on carbon-neutral and carbon-negative strategies by partnering with green energy projects and optimizing cloud computing power to support sustainable investments. Some companies choose to match their total annual electricity consumption with renewable energy purchases over several years. Others commit their projects to reach net-zero carbon by a specified year, by deploying renewable energy projects to power their global infrastructure and exploring energy-efficient hardware to further reduce their carbon footprint. Still others employ hot water to cool servers, eliminating the need for energy-intensive chillers. Systems like these achieve an up to 80% heat recovery efficiency by repurposing excess heat to warm buildings. Leveraging AI to optimize energy use and reduce emissions​ is yet another method employed by data center companies. The Future of Sustainable Computing The future of sustainable computing holds promise as technology continues to evolve and innovate. Key trends and emerging technologies are set to redefine the landscape, driving efficiency and reducing environmental impact. Renewable energy integration into data centers will become even more sophisticated. Innovations in energy storage, such as advanced battery technologies and grid-scale energy storage solutions, will enhance the reliability of renewable energy sources like solar and wind. These advancements will allow data centers to operate on 24/7 renewable energy, significantly reducing their carbon footprint. AI and machine learning (ML) will also play a crucial role in optimizing energy consumption and improving the efficiency of data centers. Predictive analytics can forecast energy demand, allowing for better resource allocation and reducing waste. AI can also be used to automate cooling systems, adjust power usage dynamically, and identify inefficiencies in real-time. The push for sustainable computing isn’t limited to hardware. There is a growing emphasis on green software development practices. Developers are focusing on creating software that is more energy-efficient, reducing the computational power required to run applications. This shift is supported by new programming frameworks and tools designed to optimize energy use at the code level. For example, CUDOS optimizes the use of underutilized computing resources globally, helping to reduce energy waste and carbon footprint. The company also partners with organizations like KYOTO, a carbon-negative blockchain, to advance carbon-neutral initiatives and utilize innovative technologies for energy-efficient operations. Modular data centers, which can be easily deployed and scaled, offer a flexible solution for sustainable computing. These data centers can be located close to renewable energy sources, minimizing energy loss from transmission. Additionally, their modular nature allows for rapid deployment in response to changing energy demands and technological advancements. In embracing these innovative practices and technologies, tech industry super players like CUDOS are actively building a greener, more sustainable future in computing. About CUDO CUDO provides the latest cutting-edge and sustainable cloud computing solutions, enabling organizations of all sizes to procure, access, and monetize computing resources globally. Being cost-effective, performant, and environmentally conscious, CUDO’s range of computing solutions revolutionizes the way companies scale in today’s AI landscape. The CUDOS Intercloud and blockchain provide direct access to the global distributed computing network, enabling Web3 developers to consume scalable computing resources permissionlessly directly from multiple chains and pay directly in multiple currencies. For more information, please contact: Emma Mkrtchian marketing@cudoventures.com or visit https://www.cudos.org/ Sustainability has always been a concern for many of us in various aspects of our lives. From picking up garbage in the park to celebrating National Earth Day with our classmates, we were taught from childhood to care about our planet in a hands-on way. But what about the parts of eco-friendliness that are more ‘out of sight, out of mind,’ like compute energy? According to Goldman Sachs , data center power demand is projected to surge by 160% by 2030, with AI expected to account for about 19% of this demand by 2028, highlighting the urgent need for greener solutions. Tackling this issue means finding ways to make computing more sustainable through creative solutions to help reduce the environmental impact of technology while still meeting the growing demand for computing power. Goldman Sachs Goldman Sachs Environmental Challenges in Computing Environmental Challenges in Computing Computing revolutionized our world, but it also comes with a hefty environmental price tag. Data centers, the backbone of our tech-infused society, are massive energy consumers. As they power everything from social media to financial transactions, their electricity usage is skyrocketing exponentially, leading to high operational costs and immensely significant carbon emissions. The rapid growth of AI and cloud computing is further exacerbating this problem, demanding even more energy-intensive data processing. For instance, a ChatGPT prompt-and-answer requires almost ten times more electricity than a Google search (2.9 watt-hours vs. 0.3 watt-hours)! Another major challenge is the heat generated by these data centers. Keeping servers cool requires huge amounts of energy, leading to a vicious cycle of energy consumption that seems insurmountable. Finally, the reliance on non-renewable energy sources in many regions adds to the environmental burden, making it imperative to find more sustainable alternatives. Innovative Solutions for Sustainable Computing Innovative Solutions for Sustainable Computing Despite these challenges, the tech industry is stepping up with innovative solutions to make computing more sustainable. Renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar, and hydro, are increasingly being used to power data centers. Companies are also investing in advanced cooling technologies that reduce energy consumption. One exciting development is the use of heat reuse projects. Instead of wasting the heat generated by servers, it is repurposed for heating buildings or even agricultural applications, turning a byproduct into a valuable resource. This reduces energy waste and lowers the carbon footprint of such data centers. Decentralized cloud computing platforms are another very promising solution. By utilizing spare computing capacity from various sources around the world, these platforms optimize resource usage and minimize the need for new infrastructure. This approach saves energy and democratizes access to computing power, making it more affordable and efficient for everyone involved. “It’s really key that we work with sustainable providers around the world to be able to capture that and actually use it for the data center industry,” says Matt Hawkins, CEO of CUDOS , a decentralized cloud computing platform that works with numerous data centers across the world in North and Latin America and Europe. “The three main areas are hydro, solar, and wind. We also need more data centers connected directly to these renewable sources to reduce our carbon footprint.” CUDOS CUDOS CUDOS is leading the way with its commitment to sustainability. The company’s platform connects users with sustainable cloud services, ensuring that computing power is both efficient and eco-friendly. Through partnerships with organizations like impact-focused Climate Trade , CUDOS is working towards a carbon-neutral future, demonstrating that it’s possible to meet the growing demands of technology without compromising the health of our planet. Climate Trade Climate Trade Case Studies and Real-World Applications Case Studies and Real-World Applications Aside from CUDOS, innovative solutions for sustainable computing are being implemented by forward-thinking companies worldwide. Some compelling examples showcase the real-world impact of these initiatives. One exciting development involves deploying data centers in environments that offer natural cooling, such as underwater locations. Additionally, some organizations, like CUDOS, are focusing on carbon-neutral and carbon-negative strategies by partnering with green energy projects and optimizing cloud computing power to support sustainable investments. Some companies choose to match their total annual electricity consumption with renewable energy purchases over several years. Others commit their projects to reach net-zero carbon by a specified year, by deploying renewable energy projects to power their global infrastructure and exploring energy-efficient hardware to further reduce their carbon footprint. Still others employ hot water to cool servers, eliminating the need for energy-intensive chillers. Systems like these achieve an up to 80% heat recovery efficiency by repurposing excess heat to warm buildings. Leveraging AI to optimize energy use and reduce emissions​ is yet another method employed by data center companies. The Future of Sustainable Computing The Future of Sustainable Computing The future of sustainable computing holds promise as technology continues to evolve and innovate. Key trends and emerging technologies are set to redefine the landscape, driving efficiency and reducing environmental impact. Renewable energy integration into data centers will become even more sophisticated. Innovations in energy storage, such as advanced battery technologies and grid-scale energy storage solutions, will enhance the reliability of renewable energy sources like solar and wind. These advancements will allow data centers to operate on 24/7 renewable energy, significantly reducing their carbon footprint. AI and machine learning (ML) will also play a crucial role in optimizing energy consumption and improving the efficiency of data centers. Predictive analytics can forecast energy demand, allowing for better resource allocation and reducing waste. AI can also be used to automate cooling systems, adjust power usage dynamically, and identify inefficiencies in real-time. The push for sustainable computing isn’t limited to hardware. There is a growing emphasis on green software development practices. Developers are focusing on creating software that is more energy-efficient, reducing the computational power required to run applications. This shift is supported by new programming frameworks and tools designed to optimize energy use at the code level. For example, CUDOS optimizes the use of underutilized computing resources globally, helping to reduce energy waste and carbon footprint. The company also partners with organizations like KYOTO , a carbon-negative blockchain, to advance carbon-neutral initiatives and utilize innovative technologies for energy-efficient operations. KYOTO KYOTO Modular data centers, which can be easily deployed and scaled, offer a flexible solution for sustainable computing. These data centers can be located close to renewable energy sources, minimizing energy loss from transmission. Additionally, their modular nature allows for rapid deployment in response to changing energy demands and technological advancements. In embracing these innovative practices and technologies, tech industry super players like CUDOS are actively building a greener, more sustainable future in computing. About CUDO About CUDO CUDO provides the latest cutting-edge and sustainable cloud computing solutions, enabling organizations of all sizes to procure, access, and monetize computing resources globally. Being cost-effective, performant, and environmentally conscious, CUDO’s range of computing solutions revolutionizes the way companies scale in today’s AI landscape. The CUDOS Intercloud and blockchain provide direct access to the global distributed computing network, enabling Web3 developers to consume scalable computing resources permissionlessly directly from multiple chains and pay directly in multiple currencies. For more information, please contact: Emma Mkrtchian marketing@cudoventures.com or visit https://www.cudos.org/ marketing@cudoventures.com marketing@cudoventures.com https://www.cudos.org/ https://www.cudos.org/

Green Computing: Why It Matters and How It’s Changing the Tech Landscape

গ্রিন কম্পিউটিং: কেন এটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ এবং কীভাবে এটি টেক ল্যান্ডস্কেপ পরিবর্তন করছে

Green Computing: Warum es wichtig ist und wie es die Technologielandschaft verändert

Computación ecológica: por qué es importante y cómo está cambiando el panorama tecnológico

Informatique verte : pourquoi c'est important et comment cela change le paysage technologique

ग्रीन कंप्यूटिंग: यह क्यों महत्वपूर्ण है और यह तकनीकी परिदृश्य को कैसे बदल रहा है

グリーンコンピューティング: なぜそれが重要なのか、そしてそれがテクノロジー業界にどのような変化をもたらすのか

그린 컴퓨팅: 이것이 중요한 이유와 기술 환경을 어떻게 변화시키는가

Computação verde: por que é importante e como está mudando o cenário tecnológico

Зеленые вычисления: почему это важно и как меняют технологический ландшафт

Yeşil Bilgi İşlem: Neden Önemlidir ve Teknoloji Ortamını Nasıl Değiştiriyor?

Điện toán xanh: Tại sao nó quan trọng và nó đang thay đổi bối cảnh công nghệ như thế nào

绿色计算：其重要性及其如何改变技术格局

The final frontier of delivery is going autonomous. As online orders surge and customers demand ever faster times, last-mile logistics is transforming at warp speed. Self-driving cars, drones and robots are invading suburbs worldwide, promising to bring goods to your door within minutes. No longer fiction, the vision of ordering coffee on a whim and seeing it arrive piping hot via robot is becoming reality. Need a package ASAP? Drones may soon deliver overhead. Companies like Yandex are accelerating this revolution by developing cutting-edge autonomous vehicles for last-mile tasks. In this article, we'll take a drive exploring the innovations upending last-mile delivery. We'll look at the technologies and companies at the forefront of this rapid change. We'll also peer into the future to speculate how new advances could push instant gratification to new heights. From Horse-Drawn Carriages to Delivery Drones People had been delivering goods for centuries using animals like horses and camels. Later, trains, ships and cars sped things up. But the last mile - getting items from large vehicles to destinations - remained difficult. E-commerce boomed in the late 1900s, creating demand for fast package shipping. FedEx and UPS rose with planes, trucks, and vans worldwide. Yet online orders grew so much that last-mile challenges also increased. Customers wanted speedier, cheaper, flexible options while costs rose for companies. To meet these problems, firms tried new methods. with free two-day shipping. They also did same-day and one-hour delivery, using instead of employees. Amazon has also experimented with drones, robots and lockers too, seeking better last-mile solutions. Amazon launched Prime in 2005 independent drivers The Last Mile: The Final Frontier of Logistics Last-mile delivery is important for several reasons. First, it is a key factor in customer satisfaction and loyalty. According to a survey by McKinsey, 25% of online shoppers would switch to another retailer if they had a bad delivery experience. Moreover, 56% of millennials said they would pay more for same-day or instant delivery. Therefore, offering fast and reliable last-mile delivery can give a competitive edge to online retailers. Second, last-mile delivery is a major cost driver in logistics. According to some estimates, last-mile delivery accounts for 41% of the total delivery cost and 53% of the total carbon emissions. Reducing the cost and environmental impact of last-mile delivery can improve the profitability and sustainability of online retail. Third, last-mile delivery is a source of . As technology advances and consumer behaviour changes, fresh solutions and players emerge in the last-mile ecosystem. For example, startups like DoorDash, Instacart, and Postmates offer on-demand delivery services for food and groceries. Platforms like Uber Eats, Doordash, and Grubhub connect restaurants with customers and couriers. Companies like Yandex, Starship Technologies, and Nuro develop autonomous vehicles for last-mile delivery. innovation and opportunity The Tech Titans of Today: Yandex, Amazon, and Beyond Two companies that stand out as leaders in last-mile delivery innovation are Yandex and Amazon. Yandex is a Russian internet giant that provides services like search, advertising, e-commerce, maps, cloud computing, and self-driving technology. They've been developing autonomous vehicle technology and currently have a fleet of . These cars have driven over 4 million miles on public roads in Russia, Israel, and the US under various weather and road conditions. With this level of maturity and real-world experience, Yandex is considered one of the global leaders in self-driving development. since 2017 170 self-driving cars Yandex also launched their own delivery robot called Yandex.Rover for transporting small and medium packages autonomously. This robotic option could help automate last-mile delivery within their ecosystem and beyond, providing a sustainable way to deliver food and goods. In total, Yandex has invested approximately into their self-driving division. Recently, they launched Yandex.Rover commercial operations in Skolkovo, a major Russian tech hub. Yandex plans to introduce their autonomous services in Ann Arbor, Michigan and Tel Aviv in the near future as well. $150 million Amazon is another dominant player in e-commerce and technology, known for online retail, streaming, cloud services, AI, and smart devices. They've invested heavily in logistics to speed up and improve delivery. Amazon developed their own delivery network called Amazon Logistics which uses stations, sorting centres, transportation providers, and delivery partners to ship packages independent of traditional carriers. Amazon has also introduced autonomous solutions like , which aims to deliver packages by drone within 30 minutes, and Amazon Scout, a six-wheeled sidewalk robot for navigating neighbourhoods and dropping packages at doorsteps. Other experimental delivery methods from Amazon include in-car/home delivery with and locker/counter pickup with Amazon Hub. Through technological capabilities and their massive customer base, Amazon has become a major force in last-mile delivery. Amazon Prime Air Amazon Key Beyond Yandex and Amazon, companies like , , and are innovating as well. Starship designs small self-driving delivery robots for food, groceries and more across Europe and North America. Nuro partners with retailers to autonomously deliver goods like groceries and prescriptions using their vehicles. And Zipline runs what they claim is the world's largest drone delivery network, transporting medical supplies in Africa and beyond. In the next section, we'll examine some current last-mile delivery case studies. Starship Technologies Nuro Zipline Case Studies from the Front Line: Last-Mile Delivery Today Yandex.Rover in Serbia In June 2023, , Serbia, marking the first time it operated outside of Russia. Yandex partners with local restaurants, cafes, and supermarkets to offer fast, convenient food, grocery, and item delivery to customers via the Yandex app. Customers can track the robot's location and estimated arrival time. Using cameras, lidar and GPS, Yandex.Rover autonomously navigates sidewalks, crosswalks, and traffic lights. Speakers and a screen allow it to communicate with pedestrians and drivers. Its cargo compartment only opens with a unique QR or PIN code provided to the customer. Yandex launched its delivery robot Yandex.Rover in Belgrade This launch was part of Yandex's European expansion strategy. As a leading provider of search, maps, taxi, and food delivery services in Serbia, Yandex aimed to highlight its technological capabilities and offer a unique value with Rover as well. Amazon Prime Air in US, UK, and Italy Amazon Prime Air will integrate drone deliveries into Amazon’s existing fulfilment network, deploying from Same-Day Delivery sites. Amazon customers in Italy, the UK, and an additional U.S. city will soon have the option to get their packages delivered by a drone beginning in late 2024. The Prime Air drone delivery system is expanding to international locations and adding a third city in the United States by the end of next year— specific cities in the U.S. and abroad will be named in the coming months. Zipline in Nigeria In October 2022, through partnerships with the Kaduna State Government and Gates Foundation. Zipline delivers blood, vaccines, medication, and medical supplies from its Kaduna distribution centre to over 1,000 health facilities across the state via 120 km/h flying drones carrying 1.8kg payloads within 30 minutes in all weather. Zipline launched drone services in Nigeria Zipline's Nigeria launch expanded its mission begun in Rwanda in 2016 and Ghana in 2019, where it delivered over 1 million vaccine doses and saved thousands of lives. It aimed to further support universal healthcare in Nigeria. Upcoming Technologies: What’s In the Pipeline? Technology is one of the main drivers of innovation and disruption in last-mile delivery. As technology advances, novel solutions and possibilities emerge that could enhance the efficiency, convenience, and sustainability of last-mile delivery. Here are some of the upcoming technologies that could have a significant impact in the coming years: Hyperloop is a proposed mode of transportation that involves sending pods or capsules through a network of tubes or tunnels at shockingly high speeds, up to 1,200 kilometres per hour. Hyperloop could enable fast and low-cost transportation of goods over long distances, reducing the need for trucks, planes, or trains. Hyperloop could also connect urban areas with rural or remote areas, expanding the reach and accessibility of last-mile delivery. : Hyperloop Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that enables secure and transparent transactions among multiple parties without intermediaries. Blockchain could improve the traceability, accountability, and efficiency of last-mile delivery by enabling real-time tracking of goods, smart contracts for payments and deliveries, and decentralized platforms for peer-to-peer delivery. : Blockchain 3D printing is a technology that enables the creation of physical objects from digital models by depositing layers of material. 3D printing could revolutionize last-mile delivery by enabling on-demand and localized production of goods, reducing the need for inventory, warehousing, and transportation. 3D printing could also enable customization and personalization of goods, enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. : 3D Printing Biotechnology is a technology that involves the manipulation of living organisms or biological systems. Biotechnology could transform last-mile delivery by enabling novel solutions for packaging, preservation, and delivery of goods. For example, biodegradable packaging made from algae or fungi could reduce waste and environmental impact. Bioengineered foods or medicines could extend shelf life and improve quality. Biosensors or biometrics could enable secure and convenient delivery verification. : Biotechnology However, challenges exist - technical and regulatory hurdles, social acceptance, ethics, and cybersecurity risks require careful evaluation before adopting unfamiliar concepts. Strategic Shifts: Predicting the Unpredictable While technology drives change, unpredictable human factors also impact last-mile delivery's future. Shifting consumer behaviours, economic conditions, environmental concerns, politics, and natural disasters create uncertainty, with opportunities and risks. To adapt amid this complexity, companies must strategically pivot. Transitioning focus from products alone to customers' experiences demands deep understanding of needs, personalization, and loyalty-building through positive impact. Transitioning from ownership to access alters business models, as shared subscriptions and rentals replace individual purchases in the circular sharing economy. Platform ecosystems boost availability. Moving operations away from centralization delegates control and fosters innovation through distributed localized partner networks, peer-to-peer crowdsourcing, and community cooperation. However, achieving the right product-service balance with these shifts requires trade-offs. Implementing changes across dispersed stakeholders introduces risks that must be diligently governed. Incentives and resource coordination become more intricate. Careful consideration weighs consequences before wholesale adoption. But navigating humanity's disruptive course demands agility and vision. Strategic flexibility positions resilience amid uncertainty, preparedness navigating both risks and opportunities ahead. With responsibility and diligence, last-mile leaders can help deliver the future people need. The Future is Now One thing is clear - we are witnessing the dawning of a new era. An era where imagination meets innovation, where science fiction becomes a science fact, where the impossible becomes possible. Yesteryear's visions of drones, robots and self-driving vehicles delivering goods on demand have already transformed into today's reality. Pioneers like Yandex, Amazon and Starship have pulled the future into the present and set us boldly on a course we could only dream of just a decade ago. What will the next decade bring? It is impossible to say for certain, but if history is any guide, it may surpass even our most outlandish speculations. The innovations will continuously reshape life as we know it, delivering value to all in their wake. As for the rest of us, our role is clear - embrace change with optimism and curiosity. Keep an open mind for what is to come, everyone!

The Last-Mile Delivery Revolution: What’s Next on the Horizon?

Phishing scammers – the bottom feeders of the digital world, the parasites that slither through the vast expanse of the internet, preying on unsuspecting individuals like a virus targeting a weakened host. These digital flea bags think they have mastered the art of deception, employing tactics that would make even the most cunning con artists of yesteryear hang their heads in shame. Let's talk about these insidious creatures who, instead of contributing positively to the online realm, choose to exploit the vulnerabilities of others. The audacity they display is nothing short of infuriating. They concoct elaborate schemes, sending emails that seem like harmless messages from reputable sources – banks, email providers, or hosting services. They play on our trust, using psychological manipulation to trick us into revealing the keys to our virtual kingdoms. Picture this: you innocently check your email, only to find a message that appears to be from your trusted email provider, warning you of suspicious activity. Panic sets in as they claim someone is trying to access your account, and the only way to secure it is by clicking on a link conveniently provided in the email. Little do you know that you're about to step into the web of deception woven by these low-life leeches. Click that link, and you're transported to a meticulously crafted imitation of your email or hosting provider's login page. It's a digital mirage, a wolf in sheep's clothing. The page looks so authentic that you'd swear you've landed on the real deal. Oblivious to the impending danger, you proceed to enter your sacred login credentials, unknowingly handing over the keys to your virtual kingdom to these faceless miscreants. The Drive Behind Digital Parasites What drives these bottom-feeding digital parasites to engage in such nefarious activities? It's a question that boggles the mind. In a world bursting with opportunities to earn a legitimate living online, these scammers opt for the path of deception, showcasing the minuscule size of their moral compass. Instead of contributing to the vast sea of innovation and progress, they choose to ride the coattails of others, siphoning off hard-earned information with no regard for the havoc they wreak on unsuspecting victims. So, Where Do Phishing Emails Most Commonly Come From? The infuriating truth about scam emails has been laid bare by a study from Barracuda Networks, revealing that the dubious honor of being the primary source of these digital nuisances goes to Eastern European countries. Two billion emails were scrutinized in this research, and the disheartening discovery is that the top five countries unleashing phishing attacks with reckless abandon are Lithuania, Latvia, Serbia, Ukraine, and Russia – all proudly representing Eastern Europe. In a descending cascade of cyber mischief, the next culprits hail from the Americas and Asia: the Bahamas, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Iran, Palestine, and Kazakhstan. While the sheer volume of phishing emails pouring out of certain nations is staggering, the report reminds us that the devil is in the percentage details. For instance, the United States, a prolific sender of 129,369 phishing emails, barely scrapes 0.02% of the overall email torrent. Most countries, according to the report, have a phishing probability of 10% or less, making it a relatively tiny villain in the global email landscape. Adding insult to injury, Barracuda also sheds light on the globetrotting nature of these fraudulent missives. Phishing emails, it turns out, prefer a multi-country itinerary, with 80% of them making pitstops in two or fewer countries, compared to a meager 60% for their benign counterparts. In a twist of irony, major players in the tech realm – Amazon, Microsoft, and Twitter – find themselves unwitting accomplices in this nefarious game, unwittingly hosting the highest volumes of phishing emails leveraging their infrastructure. Chris Ross, the Senior Vice President of International Operations at Barracuda Networks, voiced his exasperation, suggesting that while outright blacklisting entire nations might seem absurd, the research could serve as a wake-up call for IT managers and CISOs. He proposed deploying AI-based email security to sift through the digital chaos, flagging anomalies and detecting threats that slip through the cracks of basic email protection. Ross also championed the cause of improving security awareness through training, hoping to fortify organizations against the relentless onslaught of cyber threats in the long run. One can't help but marvel at the irony. In an era where countless avenues exist for legitimate online endeavors – from freelancing and e-commerce to cryptocurrency investments and digital entrepreneurship – these digital fleas decide to devote their time and energy to constructing elaborate ruses. It's as if their cognitive capacities are so limited that they can't fathom the prospect of contributing positively to the digital landscape! The worst part is that, as technology advances, so do the tactics of these online vultures. They adapt, evolve, and refine their methods, making it increasingly challenging to discern between a legitimate email and a cunning phishing attempt. Who do they think they are, invading my sacred email space with their bogus urgency? "Click on this link," they say, "or face the impending doom of your inbox suspension." Oh, please! As if I'm going to fall for that blatant attempt to scare me into submission. Do they really believe I'll be trembling in my virtual boots, desperately clicking away to save my precious inbox? And let's not even get started on the audacity of crafting a webpage that's a carbon copy of my cPanel login. I mean, how dare they mimic the very interface I trust to manage my hosting! It's like a virtual Trojan horse, sneaking into my cyber citadel under the guise of urgency and authenticity. These parasites must think they're so clever, playing mind games with innocent email recipients like me. But here's the thing – I'm not biting. I'm not falling for their phishing expedition. Do they really think I'll just mindlessly surrender my login credentials, like I'm handing out candy on Halloween? News flash, scammers: I'm not your average digital dunce. I've got my wits about me, and I'm not about to let you infiltrate my fortress of security. It's a never-ending game of cat and mouse, and unfortunately, it's the unsuspecting users who find themselves ensnared in the web of deceit. So here's to the parasites of the digital realm, the phishing scammers who thrive on the misery of others. May their schemes be exposed, their digital lairs dismantled, and may they one day realize the futility of their actions. Nice try, but no cigar you goose! I'm not your prey, and my inbox is not your playground. Take your deceitful links elsewhere because this user is not taking the bait! You see, you're up against someone who has fortified their cyber defenses to the max. Do you really think that after all the blood, sweat, and tears I've poured into securing my digital kingdom, I'm going to let you waltz in with your amateur phishing attempts? Think again. Even if, by some stretch of your feeble imagination, I were to entertain the idea of entering my password into your dodgy imitation cPanel login, good luck getting past my two-factor authentication. It's like trying to pick a lock with a spaghetti noodle – not happening. I've got an extra layer of security standing guard, and it's not interested in your cheap tricks. Oh, and did I mention my local and cloud firewalls? Yeah, those are like the impenetrable walls of my cyber fortress, standing tall and strong. You're not breaching that defense. It's like trying to storm the gates of Helm's Deep with a water pistol – futile and laughable. And let's not forget about , my digital bouncer that ensures only the authorized VIPs get past the velvet rope. You think you can just stroll in and cause havoc? Think again. Cloudflare has locked down my login access to a single IP, and you, my friend, are not on the guest list. Cloudflare Even when I send emails, I've got my tracks covered. The sending IP is hidden, wrapped up tighter than a birthday present. You won't find a trace because I've taken the necessary precautions to make sure my digital footprint is as elusive as a ninja in the night. My Personal Message To All Phishing Scammers Alright, listen up, you despicable bottom-feeders, you phishing scam artists. I've got a bone to pick with you, and trust me, it's not going to be a pleasant conversation. You, with your deceitful tactics and predatory schemes, preying on unsuspecting individuals like vultures circling a wounded animal. First and foremost, let's talk about your lack of morals. What kind of person wakes up in the morning and thinks, "You know what sounds like a great idea? Ruining someone else's life for my personal gain!" Your twisted sense of ethics is not only appalling but also a testament to the sorry state of humanity. How do you sleep at night, knowing that you've contributed absolutely nothing positive to the world? And let's not forget your so-called "skills." Oh, bravo, you can send out mass emails, create fake websites, and mimic legitimate organizations. Give yourself a pat on the back for being a tech-savvy leech on society. But let me make something clear – your so-called talent doesn't make you clever or sophisticated; it just makes you a cowardly weasel hiding behind a computer screen. Now, let's talk about the damage you cause. You not only steal people's hard-earned money but also their trust and sense of security. You exploit vulnerabilities, leaving victims in financial ruin and emotional distress. How does it feel to be the cause of someone's sleepless nights, anxiety attacks, and shattered sense of trust in the online world? But here's the thing, despite your pathetic attempts to hide behind the anonymity of the internet, you are not invincible. The long arm of justice is relentless, and as technology advances, so does the ability to track down and prosecute scumbags like you. It's only a matter of time before you're caught in the web you've woven. Dear Phishing scammers, you are the lowest of the low. Your actions are not just criminal; they are a blight on the digital landscape. The internet should be a space for progress, connectivity, and positive change, not a breeding ground for parasites like you. So, do us all a favor – find a more productive use of your time, preferably one that doesn't involve ruining the lives of innocent people. So, to you, Mr. Worthless Waste of Space, and all your phishing accomplices, good luck trying to crack this nut. You've chosen the wrong target, and my cyber defenses are like an impenetrable shield against your feeble attempts. In a world brimming with opportunities, these phishing toss pots choose the path of deception, revealing the true extent of their intellectual shortcomings. In the grand tapestry of the internet, let them be nothing more than a footnote – a cautionary tale for those who dare to navigate the virtual waters.

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