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This paper is under CC 4.0 license. available on arxiv Authors: (1) Macoto Kikuchi (菊池誠), Cybermedia center, Osaka University, and Department of Physics, Osaka University and kikuchi.macoto.cmc@osaka-u.ac.jp. Table of Links Introduction Model and Methods Results Discussion and Acknowledgment IV. DISCUSSION The results presented in this paper suggest that the one-way switches are hardly selected in evolution because mutationally robust GNRs are favored. This scenario of the phenotype selection was confirmed by comparing the outcomes of the multicanonical ensemble method and the steady state of stochastic evolutionary simulations because the steady state does not depend on the evolutionary history. We consider this selection mechanism to be widely valid and not restricted to the case studied in this paper. Since this phenotype selection can occur whenever more than one phenotype exists for the same fitness value, we expect this phenomenon to occur in real living systems. We may call it the third-order selection because it is a consequence of the second-order selection. Since the second-order selection is a weak effect, the above phenotypic selection may be a further weak effect. However, as the present results suggest, the phenomenon may become significant if the steady state of evolution is maintained. Such situations can be realized experimentally. For example, it will be possible for the effect to be observed for bacteria under constant stress. It should be noted that what is the matter is not the absolute strength of mutational robustness but its relative strength. Thus, phenotype selection can occur even between mutationally not-so-robust phenotypes. Next, let us consider an implication of the evolution of the model dealt with observed in this paper. The result of McMC shows that most GRNs are monostable at low fitness; then as fitness increases the toggle switches dominate, and eventually most GRNs become one-way switches. A one-way switch of GRN realizes an irreversible change in the cell states. We note that irreversibility was not required in the definition of fitness. Thus, the irreversible switches can emerge even without it being required explicitly as fitness. It suggests the possibility that the irreversibility observed for real cells has evolved from the monostable reversible GRNs. Finally, the present study shows that McMC is an effective method for investigating characteristic properties of evolution. McMC clarifies what kind of phenotypes can exist if the evolution process is not considered. The fact that the outcomes of McMC and evolutionary simulation differ considerably implies a possibility that some phenotypes are not reached by evolution. Considering the experimental situation, such phenotypes may be accessible by direct genome engineering other than evolutionary experiments. Apart from the evolution of living systems, the present results give an insight into the genetic algorithm (GA) of optimization problems; GA is not a fair method for optimization; rather, it will provide the phenotypes bearing a specific property, namely, the mutational robustness, as the optimized solutions. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 23K03261. [1] H. Kitano, Biological robustness, Nat Rev Genet 5, 828 (2004). [2] A. Wagner, Robustness and Evolvability in Living Systems (Princeton Univ Press, 2005). [3] J. Masel and M. L. Siegal, Robustness: mechanisms and consequences, Trends Genet 25, 395 (2009). [4] G. Giaever, A. M. Chu, L. Ni, C. Connelly, L. Riles, S. Veronneau, S. Dow, A. Lucau-Danila, K. Anderson, B. Andre, A. P. Arkin, A. Astromoff, M. E. Bakkoury, R. Bangham, R. Benito, S. Brachat, S. Campanaro, M. Curtiss, K. Davis, A. Deutschbauer, K. D. Entian, P. Flaherty, F. Foury, D. J. Garfinkel, M. Gerstein, D. Gotte, U. Gludener, J. H. 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Phenotype Selection due to Mutational Robustness: Discussion & Acknowledgment

Sampling Raster Values at Specific Coordinates with Python

In the fast-paced world of presales pitches, the stakes are high, and the pressure to impress is even higher. When consultants ask me about approaching a presales pitch, my first piece of advice is simple yet often overlooked: “Read the room.” Understanding your audience is paramount. It’s not just about knowing their business needs or pain points; it’s about diving deeper into their interests, preferences, and the dynamics within their organization. In essence, it’s about connecting with them on a human level. Before crafting your pitch, take the time to research, talk to their direct reports, and gain insights from those who have previously pitched to them. Don’t hesitate to ask about what worked and what didn’t. If you only have one shot at a pitch, why risk tailoring it solely for yourself or those who are already enamored with your idea or product? Instead, aim for a pitch that resonates with the broader audience. Consider the lessons learned from Apple’s keynote presentations and the less-than-humane launch videos that followed. The lack of empathy and a genuine narrative in those instances led to parodies and missed opportunities. In today’s tech landscape, many AI startups fall into the trap of what I call “Pitch Minimalism.” This trend involves mimicking the sleek aesthetics of Apple Keynote presentations without delving into the substance that truly moves an audience. The danger lies in becoming so enamored with your product that empathy and narrative take a back seat to presentation aesthetics. AI startups often attempt to sell their revolutionary technology using alienized narratives — putting the product first and presenting facts that, while important, lack the human touch. Founders, too, sometimes succumb to the allure of imitating the iconic “black clothes” approach, reminiscent of Apple’s co-founder Steve Jobs. It’s time to break free from the constraints of Pitch Minimalism. Instead, focus on creating a pitch that engages, connects, and leaves a lasting impression. Humanize your approach by weaving in empathy and relatable narratives. Understand that your audience is not just interested in the features of your product but also in the story behind it and the impact it can have on their lives or business. Before we delve into the world of presales pitches and the pitfalls of what I term “Pitch Minimalism,” let’s take a moment to explore the roots of minimalism in a broader context. The minimalist movement, though deeply rooted in the mid-20th century, has evolved and transcended various disciplines over the years. In the aftermath of the war, the surge in consumerism led to a peak in maximalism. This era was characterized by an abundance of goods and a desire for opulence. However, the origins of minimalism can be traced back to the 1960s and 1970s when artists began embracing simplicity as a rebellion against the excesses of Abstract Expressionism. The minimalist ethos, characterized by simple geometric shapes, clean lines, and a focus on literal and objective meanings, extended beyond the realms of painting and sculpture. It found its way into architecture, and product design, and eventually, permeated interior design and lifestyle choices. To understand the roots of minimalism, we can look back to 1915 when Russian painter Kasimir Malevich created a groundbreaking piece — a black square on a white background. This minimalist artwork, devoid of unnecessary embellishments, exemplified the essence of simplicity. Over time, influential professionals across various fields began favoring art that referred only to itself, embodying a straightforward approach and eliminating anything deemed excessive. As we embark on our discussion about presales pitches and the dangers of falling into the trap of Pitch Minimalism, it’s crucial to recognize the historical context that has shaped the minimalist movement. Just as minimalism has influenced various aspects of art and design, we’ll explore how its principles can be applied to the art of pitching and why breaking free from Pitch Minimalism is essential for leaving a lasting impact. As you prepare for your next presales pitch, remember: reading the room goes beyond knowing their industry jargon; it involves understanding the people, the culture, and the emotions that drive decision-making. By doing so, you’ll be well on your way to crafting a pitch that stands out, resonates, and truly makes an impact. Say goodbye to Pitch Minimalism, and embrace the power of authentic, human-centric storytelling in your presentations. Applying the principles of minimalism to pitching projects without turning your pitch into a boring white canvas can enhance your presentation by keeping clarity, focus, and effectiveness. Here are five key principles to consider: Embrace the idea that less is more. Keep your pitch straightforward, eliminating unnecessary details and complexity. Present your project clearly and concisely, allowing your audience to grasp the essential aspects without feeling overwhelmed. Simplicity is Key: Identify the core message or value proposition of your project. Ensure that every element of your pitch, from visuals to verbal communication, revolves around reinforcing and highlighting this central theme. Avoid diluting your message with extraneous information that may distract from your key points. Focus on Core Message: Utilize visuals that are clean, uncluttered, and directly support your narrative. Whether it’s slides, charts, or graphics, ensure that each visual element contributes to the overall understanding of your project. Minimalistic visuals not only enhance comprehension but also leave a lasting impression. Visual Clarity: Just as in design, white space (or negative space) in your pitch is crucial. Allow room for your audience to process information, ask questions, and engage with your content. Avoid overwhelming slides or presentations with too much text or visuals; instead, create a balanced layout that promotes a sense of openness and clarity. Embrace White Space: Minimalism doesn’t mean eliminating the human touch. Connect with your audience on a personal level by incorporating relatable stories or anecdotes that resonate with them. Create an emotional connection by showcasing the human side of your project, emphasizing how it addresses real challenges or fulfills genuine needs. Humanize the Pitch: By adhering to these principles, you can craft a pitch that not only captures the attention of your audience but also leaves a lasting impression by focusing on the essentials and presenting your project in a compelling, minimalist fashion. Going for the Apple-like keynote without the human factor in your presentation as the less than and the it generated due to the lack of humane traits to what is supposed a product that puts you before technology. Hu.ma.ne humane launch video parodies Attempting an Apple-style keynote without incorporating the human element in your presentation, as seen in the Humane Pin , can come across as less than personable. launch video This approach, which seemingly prioritizes technology over human connection, has led to parodies and criticism for its absence of relatable, human qualities. Is There Something Better Than Pitch Minimalism? Yes. Meet , creators of the Arc browser. The Browser Company In their they start applying pitch minimalism to their AI-driven new experience, but suddenly, the CEO stops and the shot opens to the whole crew, cameras, lights, and production making him look slick, but artificial, modern but distant from reality. presentation for the new updates Integrating Realism into Pitches: Speaking the Human Language This is one great example of how pitch humanism can work to your advantage is brought to life by and how its CEO turns the template technology pitch into a beautifully shot documentary on how Search turned into the only way to find content and how that created the monopoly of ad-based content that is prioritized over authentic results. The Browser Company Josh Miller In the realm of pitching projects, embracing realism is more than a trend — it’s a strategic move to connect with your audience on a human level. By infusing your pitch with elements that speak the human language, you can establish authenticity, relatability, and resonance. Here are key considerations for injecting realism into your pitches: Move away from the staged and sterile environments that often accompany traditional pitches. Instead, opt for spontaneous shots and common workspaces that reflect the authentic, day-to-day realities of your project. Showcase team members collaborating in a shared space, capturing the vibrancy and energy of real work scenarios. This approach not only humanizes your pitch but also conveys a genuine, unscripted narrative. Spontaneous Shots and Authentic Environments: Share real stories that resonate with your audience’s experiences. Highlight challenges faced, lessons learned, and moments of triumph. Authentic narratives create a connection by showing that your project is not just a concept but a journey with human elements. Whether it’s overcoming obstacles, celebrating successes, or learning from failures, weaving relatable stories into your pitch makes it more memorable and emotionally impactful. Authentic Narratives and Relatable Stories: When incorporating visuals, emphasize the human factor. Feature team members candidly engaged in their work, clients expressing satisfaction, or end-users genuinely benefiting from your project. Genuine emotions captured in visuals evoke empathy and understanding. Avoid overly polished stock images and opt for photographs that tell a genuine, human-centric story. The Human Factor in Visuals: Adopt a communication style that mirrors genuine, everyday conversations. Steer clear of jargon-heavy, overly formal language that can create a barrier between you and your audience. Speak in a tone that resonates with the way people discuss challenges, solutions, and innovations in everyday life. This approach not only enhances comprehension but also fosters a sense of openness and approachability. Realistic Language and Communication Style: Break away from the traditional Q&A format and encourage spontaneous, interactive discussions. Embrace questions that arise organically, and address them with authenticity. This not only showcases your project’s depth but also allows your audience to actively engage and participate in the conversation. Interactive Q&A Sessions: By integrating realism into your pitches, you bridge the gap between your project and your audience, demonstrating that you understand the human side of the equation. This approach not only builds trust but also positions your project as a relatable, practical solution grounded in the real world. If you need help or mentoring building a killer pitch don’t hesitate to contact me on Linkedin: Javier Alcivar UX Strategy Lead Consultant

Navigating the Art of Presales Pitches Part 1: Beyond Pitch Minimalism

Let’s start with technologies. Virtual reality makes a difference in multiple industries. Automotive front-runners use it to conduct engineering reviews of a vehicle and spot flaws before spending huge sums on manufacturing; healthcare professionals learn how to operate by applying VR-based apps; police officers conduct simulations to train personnel briskly make critical decisions. No wonder the global market size of AR/VR is forecasted to reach in 2028. $250 billion Another technology that is also gaining momentum ― By 2030, the number of delivered units will boost by tenfold and comprise . With their help, aerospace organizations create parts for plane interiors or elements for satellites, medical institutions make organ replicas, and even the food industry utilizes it to print meals for gourmets! 3D printing. 21.5 million So, no surprise that companies constantly contribute to staying current with emerging trends and infuse them into their roadmaps to efficiently attain set objectives. However, to function as intended, software solutions with such complex technologies at the core require proper QA and testing support. To build an effective testing strategy in the year ahead, I suggest considering the top 7 industry trends, which I’ll focus on in the two parts of the article. So, let’s cut to the chase. Trend 1. Stick to sustainable quality engineering Delivering tech at speed and within budget isn’t the only business objective anymore. Today, companies are making a big step towards wasting fewer resources by ensuring higher quality from the get-go, in other words ― green quality engineering. According to the World Quality Report, 2022-23 (WQR), which interviewed 1,750 IT executives, the most vivid advantages of following this practice are: better brand image, enhanced consumer and supplier loyalty, improved total revenue, and refined customer satisfaction. Although organizations test for energy and resource effectiveness, usability, performance efficiency, modularity, and reusability, only 54% of them possess accurately defined sustainability requirements. Currently, companies consider that the best ways to improve their resource usage are, for instance, cloud technology for test environments, optimized test data, performance testing, and test automation. And these are for sure good options. In addition to these measures, organizations can: to ensure high software quality from the early SDLC stages, make it a shared responsibility, and prevent defects rather than fix them. Focus more on shift-left testing Gauge environmental impacts due to configuring software performance monitoring solutions. to set up a more resource-intensive way of implementing the application. Push forward sustainability since the design stage Trend 2. Support emerging technologies with quality engineering Emerging technologies play a vital role in driving operational efficiencies as they create smarter systems that can improve performance across any industry. Just have a look: already today, nanotechnology helps us design materials with outstanding, self-healing capabilities; quantum computing development brings us closer to performing data processing at skyrocketed speed; the present-day work on green hydrogen will help us reach net zero gas emissions in the future. Isn’t that great? According to , we’ll witness the rise of... Gartner sustainable technology that possess the characteristics of an app, a platform, and an ecosystem superapps cloud platforms. My thoughts are also that will continue to stay a prominent trend in the years to come. However, it’s vital to first fully understand it, and only then gradually delegate responsibilities to this technology. artificial intelligence (AI) While the WQR states that in the years to come, organizations will bet on such pivotal technologies as blockchain and Web 3.0, digital twins, 3D printing, quantum computing, and the metaverse. The report also shows that the interviewed companies expect that these novel trends will help them reach seamless user experience (66%), significantly enhance test environment and data management (61%), and speed up processes without compromising software quality (59%). Considering the overall complexity of these evolving solutions, are required to cope with modern software development effectively: blockchain, cybersecurity, cloud computing, embedded systems, big data and analytics, AI/ML, and telecommunications. specific skills In addition, without a well-thought-out strategy for ensuring the quality of IT products with these tech novelties at the core, organizations confront cybersecurity threats, grow slowly, and struggle to attain business needs. To prevent that from happening and release top-tier software, it’s possible for companies to: Focus on proficient in decentralization and other high-priority dimensions. engaging high-skilled QA engineers Make to infuse security practices from the earliest development stages. a shift to DevSecOps Design to ensure successful implementation. a detailed quality engineering strategy Trend 3. Briskly reach business objectives with test automation The organizations surveyed by the WQR mentioned (48%), (47%), (46%), and (45%). that test automation positively impacts development requirements functional testing integration testing The WQR also states that it is still challenging for companies to set up automated workflows because of insufficient efforts spent on designing a fit-for-purpose strategy and the lack of its integration into the development process. Because of these factors, they attain the expected benefits only half the time. To increase the efficiency of automated testing, try to concentrate on the following high-priority steps: who know your business well and possess vast technical, communication, and organizational skills. Hire seasoned test automation experts Carefully considering the scope, tooling, environment, test data, etc., to make it successful. plan the implementation strategy Build a test automation approach beginning at to obtain value as early as possible. the requirements development phase Systematically to promptly change or configure them according to the project situation. make sure that tools and frameworks are efficient Consider the plans related to for years to come, for instance, the integration with third-party services or the expansion of supported platforms. It will help optimize testing efforts from the get-go and simplify the usage of automated workflows. further product development Trend 4. Measure and manage the value outcomes No matter what innovations you’d like to introduce or trends to follow, I suggest keeping in mind that their application must be appropriate and beneficial. And here’s when value stream management is of help for quality assurance. The WQR respondents marked that their QA activities aim to attain (49%), (45%), and (42%). business assurance and ensure end-user experience support all team members to achieve higher quality protect brand image and QA automation To improve QA function within Agile or DevOps projects, almost every time, the majority of the surveyed companies apply which I find highly effective. This is the process of analyzing work and information flows to determine the most and least valuable items and further adjust the workflows to optimize product delivery and meet end-user expectations. a value stream mapping technique, While doing so, organizations stick to such significant principles as relying on quality engineering to improve each stream (66%), gauging each stream’s value (62%), enhancing their contribution (59%). To provide better control over the value of the software development process, companies may: Rely on so that each team member can monitor progress in real time, identify areas for improvement, and make quick, well-considered decisions. value dashboards Make sure that all project stakeholders of quality assurance activities. are aware of business objectives and define the expected outcome specific to each project and verify that software testing results are linked to these indicators. Determine value indicators Please find out more about other impactful QA trends that will shape the industry and help generate greater value for your customers in Part 2 of the article.

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