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Poor Folk by Fyodor Dostoyevsky, is part of the HackerNoon Books Series. You can jump to any chapter in this book here . September 18th. September 18th. MY BELOVED BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,—Today there took place in this house a most lamentable, a most mysterious, a most unlooked-for occurrence. First of all, let me tell you that poor Gorshkov has been entirely absolved of guilt. The decision has been long in coming, but this morning he went to hear the final resolution read. It was entirely in his favour. Any culpability which had been imputed to him for negligence and irregularity was removed by the resolution. Likewise, he was authorised to recover of the merchant a large sum of money. Thus, he stands entirely justified, and has had his character cleansed from all stain. In short, he could not have wished for a more complete vindication. When he arrived home at three o’clock he was looking as white as a sheet, and his lips were quivering. Yet there was a smile on his face as he embraced his wife and children. In a body the rest of us ran to congratulate him, and he was greatly moved by the act. Bowing to us, he pressed our hands in turn. As he did so I thought, somehow, that he seemed to have grown taller and straighter, and that the pus-drops seemed to have disappeared from his eyelashes. Yet how agitated he was, poor fellow! He could not rest quietly for two minutes together, but kept picking up and then dropping whatsoever came to his hand, and bowing and smiling without intermission, and sitting down and getting up, and again sitting down, and chattering God only knows what about his honour and his good name and his little ones. How he did talk—yes, and weep too! Indeed, few of ourselves could refrain from tears; although Rataziaev remarked (probably to encourage Gorshkov) that honour mattered nothing when one had nothing to eat, and that money was the chief thing in the world, and that for it alone ought God to be thanked. Then he slapped Gorshkov on the shoulder, but I thought that Gorshkov somehow seemed hurt at this. He did not express any open displeasure, but threw Rataziaev a curious look, and removed his hand from his shoulder. ONCE upon a time he would not have acted thus; but characters differ. For example, I myself should have hesitated, at such a season of rejoicing, to seem proud, even though excessive deference and civility at such a moment might have been construed as a lapse both of moral courage and of mental vigour. However, this is none of my business. All that Gorshkov said was: “Yes, money IS a good thing, glory be to God!” In fact, the whole time that we remained in his room he kept repeating to himself: “Glory be to God, glory be to God!” His wife ordered a richer and more delicate meal than usual, and the landlady herself cooked it, for at heart she is not a bad woman. But until the meal was served Gorshkov could not remain still. He kept entering everyone’s room in turn (whether invited thither or not), and, seating himself smilingly upon a chair, would sometimes say something, and sometimes not utter a word, but get up and go out again. In the naval officer’s room he even took a pack of playing-cards into his hand, and was thereupon invited to make a fourth in a game; but after losing a few times, as well as making several blunders in his play, he abandoned the pursuit. “No,” said he, “that is the sort of man that I am—that is all that I am good for,” and departed. Next, encountering myself in the corridor, he took my hands in his, and gazed into my face with a rather curious air. Then he pressed my hands again, and moved away still smiling, smiling, but in an odd, weary sort of manner, much as a corpse might smile. Meanwhile his wife was weeping for joy, and everything in their room was decked in holiday guise. Presently dinner was served, and after they had dined Gorshkov said to his wife: “See now, dearest, I am going to rest a little while;” and with that went to bed. Presently he called his little daughter to his side, and, laying his hand upon the child’s head, lay a long while looking at her. Then he turned to his wife again, and asked her: “What of Petinka? Where is our Petinka?” whereupon his wife crossed herself, and replied: “Why, our Petinka is dead!” “Yes, yes, I know—of course,” said her husband. “Petinka is now in the Kingdom of Heaven.” This showed his wife that her husband was not quite in his right senses—that the recent occurrence had upset him; so she said: “My dearest, you must sleep awhile.” “I will do so,” he replied, “—at once—I am rather—” And he turned over, and lay silent for a time. Then again he turned round and tried to say something, but his wife could not hear what it was. “What do you say?” she inquired, but he made no reply. Then again she waited a few moments until she thought to herself, “He has gone to sleep,” and departed to spend an hour with the landlady. At the end of that hour she returned—only to find that her husband had not yet awoken, but was still lying motionless. “He is sleeping very soundly,” she reflected as she sat down and began to work at something or other. Since then she has told us that when half an hour or so had elapsed she fell into a reverie. What she was thinking of she cannot remember, save that she had forgotten altogether about her husband. Then she awoke with a curious sort of sensation at her heart. The first thing that struck her was the deathlike stillness of the room. Glancing at the bed, she perceived her husband to be lying in the same position as before. Thereupon she approached him, turned the coverlet back, and saw that he was stiff and cold—that he had died suddenly, as though smitten with a stroke. But of what precisely he died God only knows. The affair has so terribly impressed me that even now I cannot fully collect my thoughts. It would scarcely be believed that a human being could die so simply—and he such a poor, needy wretch, this Gorshkov! What a fate, what a fate, to be sure! His wife is plunged in tears and panic-stricken, while his little daughter has run away somewhere to hide herself. In their room, however, all is bustle and confusion, for the doctors are about to make an autopsy on the corpse. But I cannot tell you things for certain; I only know that I am most grieved, most grieved. How sad to think that one never knows what even a day, what even an hour, may bring forth! One seems to die to so little purpose!...—Your own MAKAR DIEVUSHKIN. About HackerNoon Book Series: We bring you the most important technical, scientific, and insightful public domain books. This book is part of the public domain. Fyodor Dostoyevsky (2000). Poor Folk. Urbana, Illinois: Project Gutenberg. Retrieved October https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/2302/pg2302-images.html This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org , located at https://www.gutenberg.org/policy/license.html .

Petinka is now in the Kingdom of Heaven

Learn how to dress up Bittle and program it to play Halloween comics Story Hi there, It's been two years since our launch of the . For the Halloween celebration, I made a horror comic clip with Bittle. You may check out the final cut and read the following tutorial to make your Petoi robots play like a pro. Bittle robot dog, a programmable robot kit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=53airP7kKd4?embedable=true Idea The idea comes from many cute animal videos that dress dogs/cats in costumes. I have both handy. Since their leg structures are very similar to the real ones, I think it would be funny to dress them up. However, the robots are about 15cm in body length, so I adjusted a lot to fit them into the tiniest costumes for real pets. the Bittle dog and Nybble cat robots Hardware I have printed a pumpkin cat head before, but the seems deleted. You may find some variants or design your own. original Thingiverse design file I ODMed some ultrasonic sensors with RGB LEDs. It has three WS2812 RGB LEDs in each column. They can be programmed as blinking eyes using the . Adafruit NeoPixel library I inserted the ultrasonic sensor into the pumpkin head. I also glued a small plastic block between the pumpkin and Bittle's head to raise the pumpkin above the tall collar. Now the main character is ready to go. Storyline I need to add some dramatic storylines to make the simple movements less boring. I have some anatomy models for reference when designing bionic robots. They happen to fit the Halloween theme perfectly. They also look pretty creepy. The assassin (Bittle) should get shocked when facing his mighty victim. I glued a small magnet to the assassin's hand to make the dagger detachable. The magnet's strength is tuned by a thin layer of hot glue so that the dagger will drop with a moderate shock. I will also utilize the built-in behavior "check-around" and "backflip" to make the assassin observe the surroundings and jump backward when shocked. Software Over the past years, I've optimized the software to make it user-friendly. I only need to uncomment the macro definition to activate the LEDs on the ultrasonic sensor. OpenCat I need to disable the distance measuring function to stop the robot from automatic reactions. The basic Arduino code defines the instinctive motions and reactions of the robot. It's pretty encapsulated so that users don't need to worry about the tedious hardware details of a complex robot. A set of top-level can control it through the serial port. string commands I used the to create and preview a new jump behavior. Below are two demos showing how the Skill Composer works. Skill Composer I used a Mac to create a and align all the events in order. You can read it like a regular play script. Python script The script is executed in the terminal by . It will send queries to all the existing serial ports in parallel, decide if a serial port is connected to a Petoi robot, and then send the tasks over the serial port. The serial port can be wired or wireless connection. For the video, I used the Bluetooth dongle to eliminate the wires. python3 hlw.py After the workflow is well-tuned, I can make Bittle repeatedly play the sequences and shoot videos from different perspectives with a single camera. Bittle is the most patient actor and only complained about a low battery once! I shot about 4 hours to collect all media resources. It took about 20 tries to get the dagger to drop in the best direction. The post-editing took more time to search for the proper licensed BGM, clip the appropriate time window, align the soundtrack with motion, and make other tedious adjustments to achieve the best results. Result The final video (at the beginning of this post) turned out cinematic. My friends loved it, and I even got likes from a few professional film directors. They want to use Nybble or Bittle as the hero in their movies. Below is another story between the Nybble cat and Sox. It may look like a waste of time to make a short video. However, I think it's a good demo to show how much we have improved the user interface of OpenCat robots. We have made the V1_2 and V0 fully functional and open-sourced their codes on . Arduino Uno-based NyBoard ESP32-based BiBoard GitHub We have improved the code structure and unified the Arduino motion code for Nybble, Bittle, and a coming 12 DoF model. And the and share the same code structure. Uno version ESP32 version Above the motion base, we have implemented high-level controllers in and on Mac, Windows, and Linux. It can upload firmware, calibrate the joints, and design skills. New skills developed by the Skill Composer or simulation can be sent over to the robot in real-time to test their performance in reality. Gymnastic motions such as climbing upside down and rolling on a high bar can be developed with a few clicks in less than an hour. Python script Tinker GUI We developed a for iOS and Android. It allows programmable buttons to configure and control the robot for competitions. smartphone app We also implemented a package (to be translated) that turns the WiFi dongle into a minimal standalone master computer. It also allows group control for multiple robots. micro-python We have made brief tutorials on and integration with the Petoi robots. Raspberry Pi ROS We keep revising the and adding to improve the user experience. documentation center tutorial videos We developed an introductory C++ curriculum based on Bittle. We also improved the components and packaging a few times since our initial launch. We now offer and to simplify the building and coding experiences. various kits with pre-assembled components fully pre-assembled and tuned robots So far, we have sold about 10, 000 Petoi robots worldwide through our and . The users' feedback is vital for product quality and features iteration. Technology is only valuable when the general public other than its inventor can benefit from it. That's why I've been spending a lot of time polishing the boring bits of the released products. With the fundamental toolchain built during these two years, I hope more users can make full use of their Petoi robots. I look forward to more creative projects on ! online store Amazon our forum ~~ Rz and the Petoi Team Also published . here

Robot Dog Coding Tutorial: Petoi Bittle vs Gummy Bear on Halloween

E-Petitioning In 2022

Peticiones electrónicas en 2022

Pétition en ligne en 2022

ई-याचिका 2022 में

2022年の電子請願

Petições eletrônicas em 2022

Yêu cầu điện tử vào năm 2022

2022 年的电子请愿书

Definitions suck donkey balls, they really do. And I hate them because they’re usually written from a biased perspective. The commonly accepted definition according to Wikipedia is “the is a hypothetical iteration of the Internet as a single, universal and immersive virtual world that is facilitated by the use of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) headsets. In colloquial use, a metaverse is a network of 3D virtual worlds focused on social connection.” metaverse Let’s have some fun with wordplay here. — Reality is the sum or aggregate of all that is real or existent within a system, as opposed to that which is only imaginary. The term is also used to refer to the ontological status of things, indicating their existence. In physical terms, reality is the totality of a system, known and unknown. Reality — In its most general sense, the term “world” refers to the totality of entities, to the whole of reality, or to everything that is. World The metaverse should not be seen as a final destination or a construct to visit and this is what’s causing so much unnecessary noise and confusion. It’s mostly driven by people focusing primarily on the technology and platforms driving it and so we imagine places we need to visit rather than layered and interwoven experiences that extend our own reality. It’s why measuring how many people are wandering around places like Decentraland or Sandbox becomes a meaningless, zero-sum game — it benefits nobody. We’re already living with two layers of the metaverse if you think about it; the physical world and the internet, only now we’re adding more layers and extending that reality even further. The metaverse is everything, everywhere, all at once (or as William Burns III put it in a quick convo on Twitter. at any time To put it in even simpler terms let’s speak to a particular ogre about onions. Shrek: Ogres are like onions. Donkey: They stink? Shrek: Yes. No. Donkey: Oh, they make you cry. Shrek: No. Donkey: Oh, you leave em out in the sun, they get all brown, start sproutin’ little white hairs. Shrek: No. Layers. Onions have layers. Ogres have layers. Onions have layers. You get it? We both have layers. Donkey: Oh, you both have layers. Oh. You know, not everybody like onions. In the context of the movie, it relates to his character and personality having depth, but in the context of the metaverse, it relates to the fact it has many different levels or parts that all exist concurrently. Whether you start your experience in the metaverse from one layer or another should make no difference — you should be able to move between layers of those realities seamlessly and continue the same experience where you left off. Right now attempts are disparate. Virtual reality exists but is disconnected from augmented reality because the tech bros can’t agree on whether one will win over the other and yet both camps don’t realize it was never a war in the first place. Some aspects of the physical world is connected to the internet, virtual reality, and even augmented reality in a variety of separate forms and use cases — FMCG, Industry 4.0, training, and education to name a few. Companies are building massive online virtual world platforms claiming these are the metaverse but have no connection to the physical world, they invariably aren’t VR or even AR enabled, they are to all intents and purposes just another piece of the internet itself, and at worst just another . fucking video game And you still cannot move from one reality to another seamlessly. Oh, and just because there are only 4 parts to the quick Venn diagram I knocked up doesn’t mean more layers of reality won’t come along. Even Time (wibbly wobbly timey wimey) could eventually become a fabric of the metaverse we engage in and manipulate with great effect within an experience. Which makes a complete fucking mockery of how people are approaching that bloody word, . interoperability Interoperability so far is about being able to move your NFT receipt from one web3 video game to another or trying to claim that you can take your actual game or digital asset that you “own” from one world and make it work and behave exactly as it should in another. Fucken lolz Let me paint another picture of interoperability that I haven’t heard anyone really discuss at all — the interoperability of assets between realities. Because I bet I fucking can’t, you’re too busy playing blockchains and broomsticks with some Minecraft clone you claim is metaverse. Tell me, dear web3 startup, can I move my digital asset not only between the layers of the metaverse but ensure its utility in every realm? the What we do in life echoes in eternity. Russell Crowe got this right, sort of. What we do in one layer should affect the other, that’s the real definition of persistency, concurrency, and synchronization in some respects. This is especially powerful in productivity scenarios, something like an Industry 4.0 or Digital Twin use case, where a participant of one layer can interact with the environment and another participant within another layer can see the results and also interact simultaneously. Consider then a true metaverse experience of a music concert — one which transcends all layers at the same time, not bound to one reality or the other, not exclusive or with boundaries or walled gardens as Apple and Meta want you to believe. This will also bring headaches to brands and marketers trying to understand how to bring a customer through an experience. How the customer moves through this experience is now up to them — there is no funnel. The customer journey can therefore begin anywhere, move anywhere, and end anywhere. When you consider the implications here you begin to understand why when some tech journo claims that Fornite or Horizon Worlds or Decentraland is the metaverse they’re talking a load of bullshit. And that also means the current crop of platforms that only support building in one medium or another without allowing for that seamless transition for users, data, assets, AI — pretty much everything that creates the experience — aren’t going to be of much use in the future. That kind of supports the notion that what we really need is a ground-up approach and that starts with an actual designed to weave this all together on a solid foundation. operating system The metaverse — everything everywhere all at once. Or as Shrek would put it, just another bloody onion. Also Published here

Peeling Off the Layers of the Metaverse

Authors:
(1) Ying Tang, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA (tang@rowan.edu);
(2) Ryan Hare, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA (harer6@rowan.edu). Table of Links Abstract and I. Introduction II. Overview of PING System and Gridlock III. Design Insights and Educational Impact IV. Conclusion and References IV. CONCLUSION This paper presents findings from the ongoing development and testing of a personalized intelligent tutoring system integrated into an educational serious game. With our student observation results and design insights, we hope to provide some ideas and direction for other researchers in this area who are interested in creating this type of system. We also show some preliminary results on the educational efficacy of the proposed system. Looking ahead, additional work will be focused on further verifying the efficacy of the system, as well as gathering additional feedback from students and educators to further refine the final product. REFERENCES [1]. D. A. Schwinn, C. S. Cooper, and J. E. Robillard, “putting students at the center: Moving beyond time-variable one-size-fits-all medical education to true individualization,” Advances in Medical Education and Practice, vol. Volume 10, pp. 109–112, 2019. doi: 10.2147/amep.s187946 [2]. S. Yang, H. Tian, L. Sun, and X. Yu, “From one-size-fits-all teaching to adaptive learning: The crisis and solution of education in the era of ai,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1237, no. 4, p. 042039, 2019. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1237/4/042039 [3]. S. Olson, Grand Challenges for Engineering Imperatives, Prospects, and Priorities: Summary of A Forum. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press, 2016. [4]. T.-C. Lin, “An investigation of the relationship between in-class and outof-class efforts on student learning: Empirical evidence and strategy suggestion,” Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 14–32, 2016. doi: 10.14434/josotl.v16i4.20028 [5]. E. Mousavinasab et al., “Intelligent tutoring systems: A systematic review of characteristics, applications, and evaluation methods,” Interactive Learning Environments, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 142–163, 2018. doi: 10.1080/10494820.2018.1558257 [6]. F. Martin and D. U. Bolliger, “Engagement matters: Student perceptions on the importance of engagement  strategies in the Online Learning Environment,” Online Learning, vol. 22, no. 1, 2018. doi: 10.24059/olj.v22i1.1092 [7]. G. Hookham and K. Nesbitt, “A systematic review of the definition and measurement of engagement in serious games,” Proceedings of the Australasian Computer Science Week Multiconference, 2019. doi: 10.1145/3290688.3290747 [8]. M.-T. Wang and T. L. Hofkens, “Beyond classroom academics: A schoolwide and multi-contextual perspective on student engagement in school,” Adolescent Research Review, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 419–433, 2019. doi: 10.1007/s40894-019-00115-z [9]. M. Beyyoudh, M. K. Idrissi, and S. Bennani, “A new approach of integrating serious games in intelligent tutoring systems,” Learning and Analytics in Intelligent Systems, pp. 85–91, 2019. doi: 10.1007/978-3- 030-36778-7_10 [10]. F. Laamarti, M. Eid, and A. El Saddik, “An overview of serious games,” International Journal of Computer Games Technology, vol. 2014, pp. 1– 15, 2014. doi: 10.1155/2014/358152 [11]. J. Liang, Y. Tang, R. Hare, B. Wu and F. -Y. Wang, "A LearningEmbedded Attributed Petri Net to Optimize Student Learning in a Serious Game," in IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 2022, doi: 10.1109/TCSS.2021.3132355. [12]. R. Hare and Y. Tang, "Hierarchical Deep Reinforcement Learning With Experience Sharing for Metaverse in Education," in IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 2047-2055, April 2023, doi: 10.1109/TSMC.2022.3227919. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Ying Tang, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA (tang@rowan.edu); (2) Ryan Hare, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA (harer6@rowan.edu). Authors: Authors: (1) Ying Tang, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA (tang@rowan.edu); Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rowan University, (2) Ryan Hare, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA (harer6@rowan.edu). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rowan University, Table of Links Abstract and I. Introduction Abstract and I. Introduction II. Overview of PING System and Gridlock II. Overview of PING System and Gridlock III. Design Insights and Educational Impact III. Design Insights and Educational Impact IV. Conclusion and References IV. Conclusion and References IV. CONCLUSION This paper presents findings from the ongoing development and testing of a personalized intelligent tutoring system integrated into an educational serious game. With our student observation results and design insights, we hope to provide some ideas and direction for other researchers in this area who are interested in creating this type of system. We also show some preliminary results on the educational efficacy of the proposed system. Looking ahead, additional work will be focused on further verifying the efficacy of the system, as well as gathering additional feedback from students and educators to further refine the final product. REFERENCES [1]. D. A. Schwinn, C. S. Cooper, and J. E. Robillard, “putting students at the center: Moving beyond time-variable one-size-fits-all medical education to true individualization,” Advances in Medical Education and Practice, vol. Volume 10, pp. 109–112, 2019. doi: 10.2147/amep.s187946 [2]. S. Yang, H. Tian, L. Sun, and X. Yu, “From one-size-fits-all teaching to adaptive learning: The crisis and solution of education in the era of ai,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1237, no. 4, p. 042039, 2019. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1237/4/042039 [3]. S. Olson, Grand Challenges for Engineering Imperatives, Prospects, and Priorities: Summary of A Forum. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press, 2016. [4]. T.-C. Lin, “An investigation of the relationship between in-class and outof-class efforts on student learning: Empirical evidence and strategy suggestion,” Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 14–32, 2016. doi: 10.14434/josotl.v16i4.20028 [5]. E. Mousavinasab et al., “Intelligent tutoring systems: A systematic review of characteristics, applications, and evaluation methods,” Interactive Learning Environments, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 142–163, 2018. doi: 10.1080/10494820.2018.1558257 [6]. F. Martin and D. U. Bolliger, “Engagement matters: Student perceptions on the importance of engagement  strategies in the Online Learning Environment,” Online Learning, vol. 22, no. 1, 2018. doi: 10.24059/olj.v22i1.1092 [7]. G. Hookham and K. Nesbitt, “A systematic review of the definition and measurement of engagement in serious games,” Proceedings of the Australasian Computer Science Week Multiconference, 2019. doi: 10.1145/3290688.3290747 [8]. M.-T. Wang and T. L. Hofkens, “Beyond classroom academics: A schoolwide and multi-contextual perspective on student engagement in school,” Adolescent Research Review, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 419–433, 2019. doi: 10.1007/s40894-019-00115-z [9]. M. Beyyoudh, M. K. Idrissi, and S. Bennani, “A new approach of integrating serious games in intelligent tutoring systems,” Learning and Analytics in Intelligent Systems, pp. 85–91, 2019. doi: 10.1007/978-3- 030-36778-7_10 [10]. F. Laamarti, M. Eid, and A. El Saddik, “An overview of serious games,” International Journal of Computer Games Technology, vol. 2014, pp. 1– 15, 2014. doi: 10.1155/2014/358152 [11]. J. Liang, Y. Tang, R. Hare, B. Wu and F. -Y. Wang, "A LearningEmbedded Attributed Petri Net to Optimize Student Learning in a Serious Game," in IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 2022, doi: 10.1109/TCSS.2021.3132355. [12]. R. Hare and Y. Tang, "Hierarchical Deep Reinforcement Learning With Experience Sharing for Metaverse in Education," in IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 2047-2055, April 2023, doi: 10.1109/TSMC.2022.3227919. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license. available on arxiv

Enhancing Learning with Gamified Instruction: Conclusion and References

Did you hear? Donald Trump will speak at the Bitcoin 2024 conference. The Republican Party put crypto on its electoral platform. Not too shabby. Another US presidential candidate, Robert F Kennedy, Jr, said he’d use blockchain to improve the government and offered Bitcoin as a currency option. That’s nice to know, but doesn’t that defeat the purpose? Why would you use blockchain technology to manage a centralized entity? You only need blockchains to manage entities that don’t share a common database or business process. Why does it matter whether the US government or any political party “approves” of Bitcoin? Bitcoin is a non-governmental source of money. Anybody can use it. Methinks the concept isn’t sinking in. When people talk about crypto as a new paradigm, do they really know what that means? Missing the point A few months ago, a commentator said blockchain technology needs massive data centers, so you should invest in data centers and everything necessary to support them, not the tokens themselves. She missed a crucial detail. If cryptocurrency works how it’s supposed to, you won’t need data centers. You’ll have vast, public, global networks of computing power provided by people and businesses all over the world, using their own assets and equipment in exchange for rewards. You won’t have any opportunity to invest in real estate, commercial properties, machines, and other things that support data centers. Normal people will provide all those things in return for compensation from these networks in the form of tokens (including, potentially, tokens pegged to national currencies). You’ll have an opportunity to invest in these tokens, the people who contribute to the network, and businesses that profit from its cryptocurrency — for example, miners, developers, entrepreneurs, validators, and everybody who participates. Not like the money you know This is not the only paradigm that cryptocurrency will flip on its head. Boomers have grown so used to their government’s monopoly on money that they don’t know any other way. So-called monetary experts still think money has intrinsic value or some innate properties that make it worthy of usage. We know money is a social technology. Its value comes from social consensus. If enough people agree to use it, they’ll use it. Whether that agreement comes because the government says so or because of some other agreement, belief matters more than utility. Shiny metal flakes? Pixels displayed on a screen? Writings in a ledger or pictures on scraps of paper? Sure. Whatever gets you what you want. The stories we tell ourselves A while back, my son told me the story of “kid money.” He said that a million years ago, somebody dug orange dirt out of the ground and called it money. He only let the kids use the money. Then, when the kids turned 18, they forgot about the money and how it came to be. Sounds familiar. Many civilizations have had two sets of money: the government’s money and common currencies. One form of money for the rulers, another for the people. One currency by decree, another by consensus. Today’s economists consider that unstable and untenable, but humans created vast empires, stable trading networks, and prosperity with these systems before the Fed was created. https://medium.com/@m.helfman/with-cryptocurrency-worry-about-humans-not-laws-fb370a2b9984?embedable=true Our money is a meme, an emotional connection to pictures and images that quantify our wealth. It’s a mirage — the product of financial engineering, propped up by government edicts and collective nostalgia. Try telling that to Billy the Neighbor. He’ll look at you funny and ask you for a stock tip or memecoin recommendation. He doesn’t know how money works. He just wants more of it. That’s what Wall Street is banking on. That’s what the politicians see. You and I know the opportunities in crypto go far beyond that. Our money, not theirs We don’t need to make up stories, win presidential endorsements, or debate monetary principles. We need to design and iterate. Let technology flourish or fail, and trust that people and markets can figure this out. Bitcoin’s network funds itself. The protocol runs without human involvement, and no programmer can hack or take over the Bitcoin network. Some altcoins will reach the same level of autonomy and relevance, in time. So you can have ETFs, bans, US government chokepoints, useless DeFi protocols, scams, Ponzis, smart contract platforms, angry politicians, and greedy developers. None of it changes the fundamental value proposition of cryptocurrency: Money for the people. With Bitcoin, you can send money to anybody, anywhere, anytime, in any amount, without restriction, without revealing your sensitive personal information, without putting your property in another person’s control, with certainty that your transaction will go through and confirmation that every payment you receive is authentic and valid. It works in all conditions, even when counterparties fail. It can sustain itself without political violence, military coercion, government manipulation, or sovereign debt. Other cryptocurrencies leverage some or all of these features for different purposes, with the same result: everybody has access to all the tools of finance. That’s the investment opportunity. A new type of printing press With cryptocurrency, you can choose who to associate with, how to associate with them, and the terms of your agreements. You don’t need to petition the government or wage war if you don’t get your way. You can simply create another protocol or deploy a new smart contract. Crypto doesn’t need Wall Street to make it safe or easy. Each failure, hack, and attack exposes a vulnerability for developers to fix. Each “cycle” brings more money and attention to the technology, its flaws, and how to solve its problems. When you use crypto, monetary power doesn’t flow to those who can capture the hearts and minds of regulators. It flows to entrepreneurs, developers, and community members. Now, we have Wall Street ETFs. Crypto commentators think these will attract a lot of money and attention. They seem eager to sacrifice their share of the world’s wealth in exchange for a fraction of whatever’s left after the legacy financial system gets its share. But Wall Street has a different playbook. Its firms sell financial “picks and shovels” — access to financial markets. Crypto gives us our own picks and shovels for free. If you’re buying into one of those ETFs, ask yourself: Why do you want to own a stake in Blackrock’s success instead of your own? Think smaller That’s the real paradigm shift. With cryptocurrency, a teenager in Indonesia has as much power as the most prestigious Manhattan financier. All you need is a laptop and Internet connection, and you can create a new monetary system that is global, permanent, and accessible on demand. The sooner you wrap your head around this idea, the sooner you realize: We have shrunk the tools of finance into a format that you can take anywhere and use at any time for whatever purpose you intend. And there is nothing a politician, financial firm, or government can do about it. Originally published at https://mirror.xyz. https://mirror.xyz/0x9a6600c7B40801dda9A0Fa4E8DE7b1B99FE524a7/mlh-tb_UDW4oWVFBfGKBvgWMFv0IRulhnBMMCDcNjUA?embedable=true Mark Helfman publishes the Crypto is Easy newsletter. He is also the author of three books and a top Bitcoin writer on Medium and Hacker Noon. Learn more about him in his bio and connect with him on Tealfeed. Did you hear? Donald Trump will speak at the Bitcoin 2024 conference. The Republican Party put crypto on its electoral platform. Not too shabby. Another US presidential candidate, Robert F Kennedy, Jr, said he’d use blockchain to improve the government and offered Bitcoin as a currency option. That’s nice to know, but doesn’t that defeat the purpose? Why would you use blockchain technology to manage a centralized entity? You only need blockchains to manage entities that don’t share a common database or business process. Why does it matter whether the US government or any political party “approves” of Bitcoin? Bitcoin is a non-governmental source of money. Anybody can use it. Methinks the concept isn’t sinking in. When people talk about crypto as a new paradigm, do they really know what that means? Missing the point A few months ago, a commentator said blockchain technology needs massive data centers, so you should invest in data centers and everything necessary to support them, not the tokens themselves. She missed a crucial detail. If cryptocurrency works how it’s supposed to, you won’t need data centers. You’ll have vast, public, global networks of computing power provided by people and businesses all over the world, using their own assets and equipment in exchange for rewards. You won’t have any opportunity to invest in real estate, commercial properties, machines, and other things that support data centers. Normal people will provide all those things in return for compensation from these networks in the form of tokens (including, potentially, tokens pegged to national currencies). You’ll have an opportunity to invest in these tokens, the people who contribute to the network, and businesses that profit from its cryptocurrency — for example, miners, developers, entrepreneurs, validators, and everybody who participates. Not like the money you know This is not the only paradigm that cryptocurrency will flip on its head. Boomers have grown so used to their government’s monopoly on money that they don’t know any other way. So-called monetary experts still think money has intrinsic value or some innate properties that make it worthy of usage. We know money is a social technology. Its value comes from social consensus. If enough people agree to use it, they’ll use it. Whether that agreement comes because the government says so or because of some other agreement, belief matters more than utility. Shiny metal flakes? Pixels displayed on a screen? Writings in a ledger or pictures on scraps of paper? Sure. Whatever gets you what you want. The stories we tell ourselves A while back, my son told me the story of “kid money.” He said that a million years ago, somebody dug orange dirt out of the ground and called it money. He only let the kids use the money. Then, when the kids turned 18, they forgot about the money and how it came to be. Sounds familiar. Many civilizations have had two sets of money: the government’s money and common currencies. One form of money for the rulers, another for the people. One currency by decree, another by consensus. Today’s economists consider that unstable and untenable, but humans created vast empires, stable trading networks, and prosperity with these systems before the Fed was created. https://medium.com/@m.helfman/with-cryptocurrency-worry-about-humans-not-laws-fb370a2b9984?embedable=true https://medium.com/@m.helfman/with-cryptocurrency-worry-about-humans-not-laws-fb370a2b9984?embedable=true Our money is a meme, an emotional connection to pictures and images that quantify our wealth. It’s a mirage — the product of financial engineering, propped up by government edicts and collective nostalgia. Try telling that to Billy the Neighbor. He’ll look at you funny and ask you for a stock tip or memecoin recommendation. He doesn’t know how money works. He just wants more of it. That’s what Wall Street is banking on. That’s what the politicians see. You and I know the opportunities in crypto go far beyond that. Our money, not theirs We don’t need to make up stories, win presidential endorsements, or debate monetary principles. We need to design and iterate. Let technology flourish or fail, and trust that people and markets can figure this out. Bitcoin’s network funds itself. The protocol runs without human involvement, and no programmer can hack or take over the Bitcoin network. Some altcoins will reach the same level of autonomy and relevance, in time. So you can have ETFs, bans, US government chokepoints, useless DeFi protocols, scams, Ponzis, smart contract platforms, angry politicians, and greedy developers. None of it changes the fundamental value proposition of cryptocurrency: Money for the people. With Bitcoin, you can send money to anybody, anywhere, anytime, in any amount, without restriction, without revealing your sensitive personal information, without putting your property in another person’s control, with certainty that your transaction will go through and confirmation that every payment you receive is authentic and valid. It works in all conditions, even when counterparties fail. It can sustain itself without political violence, military coercion, government manipulation, or sovereign debt. Other cryptocurrencies leverage some or all of these features for different purposes, with the same result: everybody has access to all the tools of finance. That’s the investment opportunity. A new type of printing press With cryptocurrency, you can choose who to associate with, how to associate with them, and the terms of your agreements. You don’t need to petition the government or wage war if you don’t get your way. You can simply create another protocol or deploy a new smart contract. Crypto doesn’t need Wall Street to make it safe or easy. Each failure, hack, and attack exposes a vulnerability for developers to fix. Each “cycle” brings more money and attention to the technology, its flaws, and how to solve its problems. When you use crypto, monetary power doesn’t flow to those who can capture the hearts and minds of regulators. It flows to entrepreneurs, developers, and community members. Now, we have Wall Street ETFs. Crypto commentators think these will attract a lot of money and attention. They seem eager to sacrifice their share of the world’s wealth in exchange for a fraction of whatever’s left after the legacy financial system gets its share. But Wall Street has a different playbook. Its firms sell financial “picks and shovels” — access to financial markets. Crypto gives us our own picks and shovels for free. If you’re buying into one of those ETFs, ask yourself: Why do you want to own a stake in Blackrock’s success instead of your own? Think smaller That’s the real paradigm shift. With cryptocurrency, a teenager in Indonesia has as much power as the most prestigious Manhattan financier. All you need is a laptop and Internet connection, and you can create a new monetary system that is global, permanent, and accessible on demand. The sooner you wrap your head around this idea, the sooner you realize: We have shrunk the tools of finance into a format that you can take anywhere and use at any time for whatever purpose you intend. And there is nothing a politician, financial firm, or government can do about it. Originally published at https://mirror.xyz. Originally published at https://mirror.xyz . https://mirror.xyz https://mirror.xyz/0x9a6600c7B40801dda9A0Fa4E8DE7b1B99FE524a7/mlh-tb_UDW4oWVFBfGKBvgWMFv0IRulhnBMMCDcNjUA?embedable=true https://mirror.xyz/0x9a6600c7B40801dda9A0Fa4E8DE7b1B99FE524a7/mlh-tb_UDW4oWVFBfGKBvgWMFv0IRulhnBMMCDcNjUA?embedable=true Mark Helfman publishes the Crypto is Easy newsletter. He is also the author of three books and a top Bitcoin writer on Medium and Hacker Noon . Learn more about him in his bio and connect with him on Tealfeed . Crypto is Easy Crypto is Easy Medium Medium Hacker Noon Hacker Noon bio Tealfeed

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