Panoptic

panoptic

A holy grail of computer vision is the complete understanding of visual scenes. Progress in perceptual tasks began with the task of identifying what’s in the image, for example, whether there’s a man or not. Next, if there’s a man, we want to know where it is in the image. can draw a bounding box around it or label every pixel, e.g., whether the pixel belongs to a man or not. These tasks are called image classification, object detection, and image segmentation. AI What else can we say about the image? Was the man talking to a friend or running with a ball? To answer this question, AI needs to understand the interactions and relationships between objects in an image. This task is called Scene Graph Generation (SGG). Let’s discover how relationships between objects can be described. Relationships connect two objects. These relationships can be actions (jumping over), spatial (is behind), verbs (wear), prepositions (with), comparative (taller than), or prepositional phrases (drive on). Combining the objects and relationships, we create a directed graph representation (figure below). Objects can be represented by bounding boxes, from object detection, or by masks from panoptic segmentation. But panoptic segmentation has advantages, such as it covers the full scene with background and has better accuracy compared to the coarse bounding boxes. So, gives us a deeper scene understanding. Panoptic Scene Graph Generation (PSG) Understanding scenes would enable important applications such as image search, question answering, and robotic interactions. Although It seems easy for us, there’s a big perception gap between robotic systems and humans. This technology will allow them to do more intellectual work. Now, let’s dive into how this AI looks under the hood. We expect a set of triplets as an output of our neural net. Every triplet consists of two objects and their relationship. Such an output raises a couple of challenges for our network architecture. For example, should we predict all triplets simultaneously or just one by one? Can we solve the task in two stages: first performing object detection, then pairwise relationship prediction between these predicted objects? Or is it better to use a one-stage end-to-end neural net? There are multiple ways to approach this task. Let’s look at a promising one using a Transformer. The transformer has established itself as a surprisingly versatile network. It fits us because by using an attention mechanism, it can understand the relationship between sequential elements that are far from each other. As shown in the figure above, the PSGTR model first extracts image features from a CNN backbone and then feeds the features along with trainable queries and position encoding into a transformer encoder-decoder. Here, we expect the queries to learn the representation of scene graph triplets so that for each triplet query, the object/relationship/object predictions can be extracted by three individual Feed Forward Networks (FFNs), and the segmentation task can be completed by two panoptic heads for both objects, respectively. To train, the model authors created a dataset consisting of object/relationship/object triplets. The model predicts all triplets at once and is trained end-to-end with a set loss function that performs bipartite matching between prediction and ground truth. This is one way an . You can check the paper and code linked below for better understanding. AI understands a scene Reference Yang, Jingkang and Ang, Yi Zhe and Guo, Zujin and Zhou, Kaiyang and Zhang, Wayne and Liu, Ziwei. Panoptic Scene Graph Generation. Code: https://github.com/Jingkang50/OpenPSG Ranjay Krishna, Yuke Zhu, Oliver Groth, Justin Johnson, Kenji Hata, Joshua Kravitz, Stephanie Chen, Yannis Kalantidis, Li-Jia Li, David A. Shamma, Michael S. Bernstein, Li Fei-Fei. Visual Genome.

How An AI Understands Scenes: Panoptic Scene Graph Generation.

Understanding the Generalization Performance of GNNs: Topology Awareness and Future Directions

Centralization as a Factor Constraining the Development of Secure Communications

Reputation is among humankind's oldest currencies, yet in the digital age, its contours have shifted, expanded, and blurred in fascinating ways. It was in ancient times the force shaping tribal hierarchies, governing trade relations, and even determining survival. But in an increasingly decentralized, nonhierarchical world, reputation transcends simple notions of status and value. It has turned amorphous and multifaceted—a shadow we cast in an interwoven world shaped by perception, data, and context. Let's pause for a moment on this idea of reputation as a shadow. It's not something we control directly, though we might try to influence it. It grows or shrinks depending on the light cast on us—whether it's through public opinion, algorithms, or the ever-watchful eyes of social networks. But isn't it also a reflection of something more profound? Probably a reflection of how others perceive our actions, choices, and associations. But is reputation a reflection of who we really are, or is it just a story others tell themselves about us? The Fragmentation of Reputation in a Decentralized World Historically, reputation was often singular and local. You had a reputation within your village, within your guild, or within your court. It was a rather straightforward concept, invariably coupled with proximity and shared experiences. In contrast, today's decentralized, hyperconnected world fragments reputation into innumerable overlapping circles. Your reputation might be quite different on Twitter than on LinkedIn, than in your local community, or than on a niche forum dedicated to a passion you hold. In this world, reputation is no longer a static asset but a dynamic, ever-changing reflection of the multiplicity of identities we project. This multiplicity creates a curious tension: Can one ever be fully known, or is reputation always partial, incomplete? Each digital space we occupy provides only a sliver of the full story, leaving our reputations vulnerable to misinterpretation, amplification, or distortion. Consider the case of social media influencers. A well-recognized influencer in beauty, for instance, might have an excellent reputation in her community for being honest and creative; outside that circle, they might be dismissed as shallow or materialistic. Similarly, a person held in high regard for their technical expertise in one corner of the Internet could be unknown (or even disliked) in spheres where those skills are not appreciated. Reputation becomes, in a decentralized society, less about the notion of singular truth and more about navigating through a series of shifting truths. Algorithmic Reputation for Me Means The Digital Panopticon As we move into digital platforms, reputation now flows directly from algorithms and data points. Algorithms have become the new gatekeepers that curate and sort individuals based on perceived influence, trustworthiness, and engagement. It could be a credit score or a social network reputation system-invisible hands that mold and shape how others view and treat us, many times without our notice. This mediation through algorithms raises profound questions: Can reputation be trusted when it is distilled into data points?
If the proxy for reputation becomes followers, likes, and endorsers, are we running a serious risk of confusing the appearance of worthiness with integrity, knowledge, or skill? In many ways, the algorithm forms a kind of panopticon, a digital architecture in which we're always in a state of visibility, all performance and all ranking. But in ways quite different from Michel Foucault's panopticon, where a single centric authority could watch over us, today's panopticon is decentralized. We are being judged by everybody and nobody at the same time: peers, algorithms, and anonymous audiences. Reputation Without Hierarchy: Is It Possible? If we step away from reputation as a hierarchical one - where some are "above" and others "below"- we can begin to dream up new possibilities for what it might mean in a more equitable society. In that world, reputation may signal neither rank nor influence but rather signal one's dedication, contribution, or authenticity to a community. That is, it means thinking about reputation in light of shifting the static marker of worth into a dynamic signal of their alignment with the shared values and goals. For example, the open-source software community is sort of a prototype in that respect: the reputation here depends less on financial ability or other forms of power hierarchies. It's based on participation code, support, documentation, and idea development. One acquires reputation not by collecting followers or capital but by adding value to some common endeavor. Even here, in this ostensible flat landscape, reputation plays out through questions of access, influence, and trust. But can this scale outside of small, niche communities? Might we envision a world in which reputation is a function of values and commitments rather than of one's ability to game the system or perform for an audience? The idea of a decentralized, thus-free, manipulation-free reputation system most definitely is one that allured many, yet is highly fraught with risks. How do we prevent new forms of bias, exclusion, or exploitation from emerging? How do we make sure our reputation will stick to meaningful contributions and not superficial impressions? The Future of Reputation: Collective and Fluid We can only imagine that reputation will be even more collective and in flux in the future with the continued rise of decentralized technologies like blockchain. Consider a world in which reputation is decoupled from the performance of an individual but linked to an accumulation of collective experiences, networks, and communities. Your reputation may be a composite of the standing of groups you are part of, projects you work on, or causes you are identifying with. It is a vision that reorients reputation, moving it from the individual and onto the network: It's not about you, but about the company you keep, the ecosystems you nurture, and the values with which you align yourself. It makes reputation less of an achievement badge and more of an interconnection one. Recognizing that, in a decentralized world, none of us stand alone. In the future, reputation could be less something that's a shadow cast by our individual actions and more a constellation: a web of relationships and associations that define who we are within the context of a greater, dynamic system. In that process, this can yield more holistic ways of social capital, wherein the only way reputations are harnessed and maintained is through authentic, sustained participation in things greater than ourselves. Conclusion Once local and unified, reputation has splintered and dispersed itself through the digital world. No longer a badge of merit, it is an unfolding story, context-sensitive, written by algorithmic, communal, and networked agents of evaluation. So, on the way to a more decentralized society, this might also imply that reputation moves from being an individual signifier of standing into a communal, fluid articulation of our positions within larger ecologies. Reputation, at the bottom, is about value, but not necessarily value placed on us by others in some ranking system. It can instead be the value we add to the multiple, intersecting communities we live in and through, and the grace with which we surf the permutations of connection, contribution and trust. As we build this all anew, the challenge will be to make sure that this new kind of reputation is fair and meaningful - one that reflects who we truly are, as opposed to just what we appear to be. Reputation is among humankind's oldest currencies, yet in the digital age, its contours have shifted, expanded, and blurred in fascinating ways. It was in ancient times the force shaping tribal hierarchies, governing trade relations, and even determining survival. But in an increasingly decentralized, nonhierarchical world, reputation transcends simple notions of status and value. It has turned amorphous and multifaceted—a shadow we cast in an interwoven world shaped by perception, data, and context. Let's pause for a moment on this idea of reputation as a shadow. It's not something we control directly, though we might try to influence it. It grows or shrinks depending on the light cast on us—whether it's through public opinion, algorithms, or the ever-watchful eyes of social networks. But isn't it also a reflection of something more profound? Probably a reflection of how others perceive our actions, choices, and associations. But is reputation a reflection of who we really are, or is it just a story others tell themselves about us? The Fragmentation of Reputation in a Decentralized World Historically, reputation was often singular and local. You had a reputation within your village, within your guild, or within your court. It was a rather straightforward concept, invariably coupled with proximity and shared experiences. In contrast, today's decentralized, hyperconnected world fragments reputation into innumerable overlapping circles. Your reputation might be quite different on Twitter than on LinkedIn, than in your local community, or than on a niche forum dedicated to a passion you hold. In this world, reputation is no longer a static asset but a dynamic, ever-changing reflection of the multiplicity of identities we project. This multiplicity creates a curious tension: Can one ever be fully known, or is reputation always partial, incomplete? Can one ever be fully known, or is reputation always partial, incomplete? Each digital space we occupy provides only a sliver of the full story, leaving our reputations vulnerable to misinterpretation, amplification, or distortion. Consider the case of social media influencers. A well-recognized influencer in beauty, for instance, might have an excellent reputation in her community for being honest and creative; outside that circle, they might be dismissed as shallow or materialistic. Similarly, a person held in high regard for their technical expertise in one corner of the Internet could be unknown (or even disliked) in spheres where those skills are not appreciated. Reputation becomes, in a decentralized society, less about the notion of singular truth and more about navigating through a series of shifting truths. Algorithmic Reputation for Me Means The Digital Panopticon As we move into digital platforms, reputation now flows directly from algorithms and data points. Algorithms have become the new gatekeepers that curate and sort individuals based on perceived influence, trustworthiness, and engagement. It could be a credit score or a social network reputation system-invisible hands that mold and shape how others view and treat us, many times without our notice. This mediation through algorithms raises profound questions: Can reputation be trusted when it is distilled into data points? If the proxy for reputation becomes followers, likes, and endorsers, are we running a serious risk of confusing the appearance of worthiness with integrity, knowledge, or skill? Can reputation be trusted when it is distilled into data points? If the proxy for reputation becomes followers, likes, and endorsers, are we running a serious risk of confusing the appearance of worthiness with integrity, knowledge, or skill? In many ways, the algorithm forms a kind of panopticon, a digital architecture in which we're always in a state of visibility, all performance and all ranking. But in ways quite different from Michel Foucault's panopticon, where a single centric authority could watch over us, today's panopticon is decentralized. We are being judged by everybody and nobody at the same time: peers, algorithms, and anonymous audiences. Reputation Without Hierarchy: Is It Possible? If we step away from reputation as a hierarchical one - where some are "above" and others "below"- we can begin to dream up new possibilities for what it might mean in a more equitable society. In that world, reputation may signal neither rank nor influence but rather signal one's dedication, contribution, or authenticity to a community. That is, it means thinking about reputation in light of shifting the static marker of worth into a dynamic signal of their alignment with the shared values and goals. For example, the open-source software community is sort of a prototype in that respect: the reputation here depends less on financial ability or other forms of power hierarchies. It's based on participation code, support, documentation, and idea development. One acquires reputation not by collecting followers or capital but by adding value to some common endeavor. Even here, in this ostensible flat landscape, reputation plays out through questions of access, influence, and trust. But can this scale outside of small, niche communities? Might we envision a world in which reputation is a function of values and commitments rather than of one's ability to game the system or perform for an audience? The idea of a decentralized, thus-free, manipulation-free reputation system most definitely is one that allured many, yet is highly fraught with risks. How do we prevent new forms of bias, exclusion, or exploitation from emerging? How do we make sure our reputation will stick to meaningful contributions and not superficial impressions? The Future of Reputation: Collective and Fluid We can only imagine that reputation will be even more collective and in flux in the future with the continued rise of decentralized technologies like blockchain. Consider a world in which reputation is decoupled from the performance of an individual but linked to an accumulation of collective experiences, networks, and communities. Your reputation may be a composite of the standing of groups you are part of, projects you work on, or causes you are identifying with. It is a vision that reorients reputation, moving it from the individual and onto the network: It's not about you, but about the company you keep, the ecosystems you nurture, and the values with which you align yourself. It makes reputation less of an achievement badge and more of an interconnection one. Recognizing that, in a decentralized world, none of us stand alone. In the future, reputation could be less something that's a shadow cast by our individual actions and more a constellation: a web of relationships and associations that define who we are within the context of a greater, dynamic system. In that process, this can yield more holistic ways of social capital, wherein the only way reputations are harnessed and maintained is through authentic, sustained participation in things greater than ourselves. Conclusion Once local and unified, reputation has splintered and dispersed itself through the digital world. No longer a badge of merit, it is an unfolding story, context-sensitive, written by algorithmic, communal, and networked agents of evaluation. So, on the way to a more decentralized society, this might also imply that reputation moves from being an individual signifier of standing into a communal, fluid articulation of our positions within larger ecologies. Reputation, at the bottom, is about value, but not necessarily value placed on us by others in some ranking system. It can instead be the value we add to the multiple, intersecting communities we live in and through, and the grace with which we surf the permutations of connection, contribution and trust. As we build this all anew, the challenge will be to make sure that this new kind of reputation is fair and meaningful - one that reflects who we truly are, as opposed to just what we appear to be.

Reputation: The Shadow We Cast in a Networked World

السمعة: الظل الذي نلقيه في عالم الشبكات

Reputasiya: Şəbəkələşmiş Dünyada Tutduğumuz Kölgə

Reputació: L'ombra que projectem en un món en xarxa

Reputación: La sombra que proyectamos en un mundo interconectado

評判: ネットワーク化された世界で私たちが投げかける影

평판: 네트워크화된 세상에서 우리가 드리운 그림자

Botumo: Moriti wo re o Lahlelago Lefaseng leo le nago le Neteweke

شهرت: هغه سیوري چې موږ یې په شبکه شوې نړۍ کې اچولي

Reputação: A sombra que projetamos em um mundo em rede

Mukurumbira: Mumvuri Watinokanda Munyika Yakabatana

Sumcad: Hadhka Aan Ku Shubnay Dunida Isku Xidhka Ah

Danh tiếng: Cái bóng của chúng ta trong thế giới mạng

Inconsistencies Found in Craig Wright’s MYOB Bitcoin Transactions

Overview Digital fingerprinting is a technique used to identify users across different websites based on their unique device and browser characteristics. These characteristics - fingerprint parameters, can include various software, hardware (CPU, RAM, GPU, media devices - cameras, mics, speakers), location, time zone, IP, screen size/resolution, browser/OS languages, network, internet provider-related and other attributes. The combination of these parameters creates a unique identifier - fingerprint, that can be used to track a user's online activity. Fingerprints play a crucial role in online security, enabling services to identify and authenticate unique users. They also make it possible for users to trick such systems to stay anonymous online. However, if you can manipulate your fingerprints, you can run tens or hundreds or more different accounts to pretend that they are unique, authentic users. While this may sound cool, it has serious implications as it can make it possible to create an army of bots that can spread spam and fakes all over the internet, potentially resulting in fraudulent actions. Note: Obviously, I won’t discuss here how you can do "bad" things; you must always be careful, stay away from the “dark side,” and avoid committing illegal actions. This article is about the technology behind this, so use the information wisely. This is the first (and maybe not the last) article in this domain, so it will be more like an overview. The content offers an intro to the topic. There are dozens of tools and ways to detect, collect, and spoof fingerprints, and there are many different parameters and technologies that can reveal or hide your real identity or the fact that you're spoofing fingerprints (meaning you're not an authentic user). Parameters in Digital Fingerprints Let's consider some of them, some examples of obvious, simple, or well-known params, some that are rarer, less-know, and difficult to spoof. this string provides information about the user's browser, operating system, and device. User-Agent: it reveals the user's network and geo-location. Services use IP addresses for security and to prevent malicious activities. If you use one account from different IPs or many different accounts from the same IP, some services may view this activity (in combination with other params) as suspicious and use some level of bot protection against you. This can also be triggered if you use IPs that are already used or in some kind of banned list (proxies). IP: Information about installed plugins and extensions can be used to create a unique fingerprint - it helps in identifying users based on their browser's additional functionalities. Browser Plugins and Extensions: different users often have different display characteristics. Screen Resolution and Color Depth: they are important factors in fingerprinting - if you have random values, e.g., Japan timezone Norwegian language this is a bit unusual. Timezone and Language Settings: it involves rendering hidden graphics in the user's browser to gather information about the graphics hardware. Quite a tricky one because if you spoof your hardware info, then you can’t have the proper canvas value - you can’t render it on your different real hardware. Canvas: it exploits the unique capabilities and limitations of the user's graphics hardware in rendering 3D graphics - additional information about the user's device. WebGL Fingerprinting: the list of fonts installed on a user's system can be used as a fingerprinting parameter. This information is accessible through JavaScript. The list of fonts has to be realistic - so e.g. you can’t have Win fonts on macOS or you can’t have just 1 or 2 fonts, this is a very suspicious indicator. Fonts: it allows websites to determine the device's battery level and charging status, the combination of battery attributes can be used for fingerprinting. Battery status API: websites can use the web audio API to generate unique audio fingerprints by analyzing the audio processing characteristics of the device. Audio Fingerprinting: This information includes details about the software and hardware components of the device, such as the graphics card, network adapter, and operating system. This adds to the uniqueness of the fingerprint. Hardware Concurrency: This information includes details about the network connection, such as the IP address, ISP, and DNS server. Network Information: some users may use some software that listens to specific ports which also might be useful for some specific cases. Open and used ports: Navigating the Web incognito Digital fingerprint manipulation is a difficult task that demands a proactive approach to avoid detection. The are lots of strategies and tools to hide your identity (fingerprints) or pretend that you are someone else. Use privacy-focused browsers Opting for privacy-focused browsers, such as Brave, Ghostery, Tor, Octo Browser, or Vivaldi with enhanced privacy settings, provides a fundamental defense against common fingerprinting techniques. These browsers prioritize user privacy and incorporate features designed to hide your real fingerprints, making it harder to track your activities. For example, the Tor Browser, grounded in principles of anonymity, routes internet traffic through the Tor network. This strategic routing obscures the user's identity by bouncing connections through a series of volunteer-operated servers, enhancing overall online anonymity. Browser Extensions Privacy-centric browser extensions, including AdBlock, uBlock Origin, Privacy Badger, or CanvasBlocker, could be active defenses against tracking scripts, cookies, and fingerprinting attempts. These tools operate in the background, protecting and preserving user anonymity. VPN and Proxies The use of VPNs or proxy services adds an additional layer of protection by masking the user's real IPs (location, timezone, language, etc) and encrypting internet traffic. This is not only used to change your fingerprints but also to provide a more anonymous online presence and a higher security level. Motivations behind fingerprint spoofing Understanding the Whys Individuals concerned about personal privacy and the growing digital surveillance often spoof fingerprints to shield themselves from relentless online tracking. Privacy: Spoofing fingerprints prove useful for circumventing geo-restrictions, allowing users to access content restricted to specific regions. VPN and proxy services play a crucial role here by not only hiding the user's identity but also providing access to servers in different geographic locations. Geo-restriction: Avoiding targeted advertising and online profiling serves as a compelling motive for individuals to manipulate their digital fingerprints. Some tools can block 3rd-party tracking scripts and cookies, disrupting the profiling process. Ads: Web scraping, multi-accounting, e-commerce, bounty&airdrop, bonus-hunting, social networks bots, and affiliate marketing are often sources of income or bases for medium businesses. Digital agencies, individuals, and influencers engaged in these activities may require fingerprint spoofing to navigate through complicated bot detection systems. Avoiding detection becomes vital for some services, ensuring that legitimate activities are not mistakenly flagged or restricted (though quite often, such activities and accounts are not really legit but pretend to be so). Some of the most popular tools are Multilogin, X-Browser, Octo Browser, AdsPower, Incogniton, Scrapy, Surfsky, Web Scraper.io, ScrappingBee, etc. Strategic needs in the digital arena, bot detection, and protection systems: Collecting Users' Fingerprints Websites use JS (obviously) to harvest details about users to construct comprehensive digital portraits. This involves probing screen resolution, device orientation, mouse movements, keystroke dynamics, etc. Sophisticated fingerprinting scripts enumerate a wide range of browser and hardware attributes. JavaScript: Persistent cookies and data stored in local storage work to track users across sessions and platforms. Techniques include leveraging browser cookies and storing unique identifiers for user tracking. Depending on your purposes you need to know when you need an "empty" browser with unique fingerprints or when you need to trick a service showing that you have particular cookies and the same fingerprints. Cookies and local storage: The inclusion of 3rd-party scripts for analytics and advertising embeds invisible trackers often used to adjust systems behavior for a specific user based on collected fingerprints. You can use the aforementioned tools and approaches to selectively block or trick such scripts to get the needed behavior. 3rd-party scripts: Understanding Your Online Identity Panopticlick (EFF), Pixelscan, deviceinfo.me, and BrowserLeaks show your browser's fingerprint parameters such as User-Agent, canvas fingerprinting, fonts, etc. These checkers provide insights into the uniqueness and stability of your digital fingerprint across different browsing sessions. Online checkers: they allow users to inspect network requests, cookies, and other fingerprinting parameters, fostering a deeper understanding of their digital imprint and how websites detect bots and unique legit users and collect fingerprints. Examining the Network and Application tabs in browsers provides a real-time view of the data exchanged between the browser, websites, and servers. Browser developer tools: Here are some examples of how you can get some info about users' fingerprints in the browser. GEO: navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(function(position) { var userLocation = position.coords; }); Microphone: navigator.mediaDevices.enumerateDevices() .then(function(devices) { var microphones = devices.filter(device => device.kind === 'audioinput'); }); Camera: navigator.mediaDevices.enumerateDevices() .then(function(devices) { var cameras = devices.filter(device => device.kind === 'videoinput'); }); Speakers: navigator.mediaDevices.enumerateDevices() .then(function(devices) { var speakers = devices.filter(device => device.kind === 'audiooutput'); }); Audio: var audioContext = new (window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext)(); var oscillator = audioContext.createOscillator(); var analyser = audioContext.createAnalyser(); oscillator.connect(analyser); analyser.connect(audioContext.destination); GPU: var canvas = document.createElement('canvas'); var gl = canvas.getContext('webgl') || canvas.getContext('experimental-webgl'); var renderer = gl.getParameter(gl.RENDERER); console.log(renderer); Fonts: var fonts = []; var fontList = document.fonts.forEach(function(font) { fonts.push(font.family); }); console.log(fonts); Canvas (hashing): var canvas = document.createElement('canvas'); var context = canvas.getContext('2d'); var dataURL = canvas.toDataURL(); var canvasHash = MurmurHash3(dataURL); console.log(canvasHash); RAM and CPU: function getCPUInfo() { return navigator.hardwareConcurrency || 0; } function getDeviceMemory() { return navigator.deviceMemory || 0; } var cpuInfo = getCPUInfo(); var deviceMemory = getDeviceMemory(); console.log(`CPU Cores: ${cpuInfo}`); console.log(`Device Memory (GB): ${deviceMemory}`); Bot Detection Systems: Defending Against Automation A couple of examples of such systems: It is a global leader in bot detection and mitigation. It provides a proactive and precise way to verify that legitimate human users are accessing your website, mobile app, and APIs. Distil Networks uses a combination of techniques to detect bots. It studies a range of variables such as cursor movement, click patterns, and web browsing patterns across other websites. It uses , which checks all visitors against hundreds of different characteristics, focusing on their behavior. Distil Networks defends against web scraping, competitive data mining, account takeovers, transaction fraud, unauthorized vulnerability scans, spam, click fraud, denial of service, and API abuse. It can automatically block 99.9% of malicious traffic without impacting legitimate users. It also offers Distil Bot Defense for Web and API, which protect your website and API servers respectively. Distil Networks: Bot Detection: device fingerprints and Are You a Human technology It actively pulls additional data from the browser to identify devices with precision. When a browser request comes in, Distil interrogates the headers to see if the visitor is lying about their identity. This unique identifier can be used to fully or partially identify individual devices even when cookies cannot be read or stored in the browser, the client IP address is hidden, or one switches to another browser on the same device. It uses machine learning to detect biometric patterns in mouse activity and scrolling, as well as looking at browsers, devices, and other factors for clues. It can detect many simple or medium complexity bots that run JS from a web page. Resource Protection: It's a comprehensive cybersecurity platform that integrates fingerprint-based identification to discern legitimate users from potential threats. Utilizing advanced behavioral analysis and anomaly detection, Imperva builds profiles based on a combination of factors, including IP reputation, user-agent, different fingerprint params, and behavioral characteristics. This allows the system to detect suspicious activities indicative of bot traffic and mitigate potential threats effectively. Imperva: It's a prominent content delivery and cloud service provider that incorporates robust bot detection mechanisms within its security offerings. Leveraging a combination of fingerprint-based detection, behavior analysis, and machine learning, Akamai identifies and mitigates various bots. Akamai's global network allows for real-time threat intelligence, enabling proactive defense against evolving bot tactics. Akamai: It's a widely used content delivery network and security service that employs a multifaceted approach to bot detection. Cloudflare distinguishes between human users and bots by analyzing parameters such as IP reputation, user-agent characteristics, and behavioral patterns. The platform also utilizes threat intelligence and community-driven insights to stay ahead in the battle against emerging bot threats. Cloudflare uses to profile SSL/TLS clients and block potential bot requests. It also uses to apply rules and route traffic based on HTTP request information. is used to identify specific files and prevent data loss. These techniques help in detecting not real users. Cloudflare: JA3 Fingerprinting HTTP Filtering Data Fingerprinting Role of Bot Detection Systems: They play a pivotal role in enhancing bot detection capabilities. With servers strategically positioned around the globe, they can leverage geographical insights and real-time threat intelligence to identify and mitigate bot traffic effectively. The platform's WAF and bot managers contribute to a comprehensive defense against automated "users.” In this ongoing cat-and-mouse game, Bot Detection Systems continue to evolve, leveraging advanced technologies to stay ahead of fingerprint spoofing tech. The collaboration between security providers, businesses, and the wider online community remains crucial in defense against the tactics of automated threats but also, in a way, used against users' privacy, anonymity, and experience online, bringing intrusive ads and sophisticated user tracking tools that are only beneficial for businesses not for users. However, privacy protection, fingerprint hiding and spoofing, and ads and trackers blocking tools are also developing to evade even the most sophisticated user tracking systems. Websites' additional verification steps If a fingerprint appears suspicious, such as frequent changes or unusual combinations of data points, the website may trigger additional verification steps. Suspicious behavior: Websites may present users with captcha challenges to verify their identity. This involves solving puzzles or identifying distorted text, tasks that are difficult to perform for primitive bots. Captcha: Websites may request users to verify their mobile phone numbers to establish a stronger connection between a unique identity and a real-world entity. This can help prevent fraudulent activities. Mobile verification: the idea is the same as with mobile phones, but you need to submit your ID ID verification: Examples: Google doesn't require additional verification for new users with clear, consistent fingerprints. If a user's fingerprint changes frequently or resembles those used by known bots (or just already known for Google), Google may ask for a mobile phone number or ask to deal with a captcha. Financial websites often enforce stricter verification measures due to the sensitive nature of transactions. They may require users to provide additional personal information, verify their identity through secure channels, or pass more complex captcha challenges. Opinion: spoofing is better than hiding Hiding fingerprints can enhance privacy, security, and online anonymity, but spoofing them to appear as a unique, legitimate user offers even greater advantages. By blending in with the crowd and avoiding suspicion from systems that detect anti-detection tools, you can maintain credibility and trust. This approach allows you to enjoy the benefits of being perceived as a unique, legitimate user, minimizing the chance of facing additional protecting measures or obstacles. and, obviously, it helps in preventing leaking of your real data and identity. Also published . here

Intro to Digital Fingerprints: Understanding, Manipulating, and Defending Against Online Tracking

ডিজিটাল ফিঙ্গারপ্রিন্টের ভূমিকা: অনলাইন ট্র্যাকিংয়ের বিরুদ্ধে বোঝা, ম্যানিপুলেট এবং ডিফেন্ডিং

Einführung in digitale Fingerabdrücke: Online-Tracking verstehen, manipulieren und sich dagegen wehren

Introducción a las huellas digitales: comprensión, manipulación y defensa contra el seguimiento en línea

Introduction aux empreintes digitales : comprendre, manipuler et se défendre contre le suivi en ligne

डिजिटल फ़िंगरप्रिंट का परिचय: ऑनलाइन ट्रैकिंग को समझना, हेरफेर करना और उसके विरुद्ध बचाव करना

デジタル指紋の概要: オンライン追跡の理解、操作、および防御

디지털 지문 소개: 온라인 추적에 대한 이해, 조작 및 방어

Introdução às impressões digitais: compreensão, manipulação e defesa contra rastreamento on-line

Введение в цифровые отпечатки пальцев: понимание, манипулирование и защита от онлайн-слежения

Dijital Parmak İzlerine Giriş: Çevrimiçi Takibi Anlamak, Yönetmek ve Savunmak

Giới thiệu về Dấu vân tay kỹ thuật số: Hiểu, thao tác và bảo vệ chống lại việc theo dõi trực tuyến

数字指纹简介：理解、操纵和防御在线跟踪

Hi, all! Here is my weekly email discussing mental models, performance, business, and entrepreneurship. If you love this content (please share it), but also… Check out my , connect with me on / , and read my Podcast YouTube Twitter daily newsletter. What’s in today’s newsletter? We now enjoy the most health, freedom, and opportunities in human history - standing on the shoulders of inventors and pioneers who sacrificed to expand potential. But too many people waste this unprecedented access to tools for fulfillment by chasing distraction and pleasure while avoiding reality and responsibility. It's ironic how much progress surrounds us externally, yet how stagnant most individuals are in taking the initiative to actually seize it. Entitlement has bred widespread complacency. We must shake off victim mindsets full of excuses. Progress depends on personal accountability. Inheriting progress means accepting responsibility to compound it. Seize the generosity of past generations as fuel for your own creation. Transform excuses into action. Lift all rising tides through your differentiated efforts right now. The heaviest weight is unfulfilled potential despite an unprecedented opportunity explosion. Fortify resolve beyond comfortable circumstances handed to you. Don't take generational privilege for granted - use it as a foundation for your own progress. “We are living at the peak of human civilization.” I know that sounds hyperbolic. But consider this objectively. You stand now at the highest vantage point in the history of mankind when it comes to opportunity, technology, wisdom, and quality of life. In 75 years, we went from prop planes to commercial space flight. From news communicated by post to video calls on handheld devices transmitted by satellites in space. You can access virtually all cumulative knowledge known to humans in seconds from something in your pocket. Translate between languages instantly via AI. Map travel to remote villages Google hasn’t even photographed yet. But here’s the shocking part most haven’t realized... Despite all this exponential progress around us, most individuals fail to hold themselves to the standards such advancements make possible when it comes to actualizing our potential. We life spanned through a renaissance period that unlocked orders of magnitude more opportunity, tools, and information to enhance performance, well-being, and success... Yet, most trade this inheritance for distraction and limitation. Why Do We Squander Our Potential Despite Having Every Advantage? Make no mistake, you stand at the mountaintop when it comes to opportunity. But most come nowhere near achieving what is newly possible in their lifetime when it comes to fulfillment, human performance, and leaving a legacy. There is an alarming chasm between the acceleration of external potential... And lack of internal initiation to seize it. We’re living through discoveries and technological leaps our ancestors couldn’t even conceptualize. Yet, most use these for distraction and entertainment versus deliberate enhancement. For example, learning mastery was always a privilege of the well-connected or exceptionally motivated self-starter. To be a for most pursuits required intense commitment bordering on obsession. “student of the game” Now, you can access Ivy League-level curriculum from home on nutrition, fitness, finances, starting a business, languages, and more for free or extremely affordable. Yet, how many leverage this privileged panopticon of education handed to them? The mere abundance of opportunity actually has the inverse effect. It creates anxiety. The paradox of choice kicks in. They feel overwhelmed by open doors and unsure which path aligns with innate talents or burns with authentic passion and zeal. We know exponentially more about performance, psychology, wellbeing, and success than prior generations too. But we rarely apply this diligently to transcend the excuses that are holding us back. The pioneer heart still lies dormant within despite overwhelmingly favorable conditions for bold new frontiers. The perfect analogy: you’re standing in a forest, amongst massive Redwoods. You can’t help but be memorized by their grandeur, but you can’t bring yourself to plant a seed yourself. So Why This Tragic Gap Between Peak Potential and Performance? In one word? Entitlement. Entitlement manifests when we inherit reward without risk. Have privileges dropped in our lap without paying dues. Act entitled to outcomes without earned merit. The hallmark of entitled mindsets is desiring results now without requisite work beforehand. A gross sense of entitlement stems from the unusual situation we find ourselves in... We’re thrust into an environment drastically different than what our recent ancestors faced. Like time travelers, we skipped hundreds of incremental steps. We opened our eyes to a life wildly transformed by technology and innovation created before we were even born. Handed gadgets, tools, and abundances like magic. Yet, without direct experience progressively earned through each rung ourselves from the bottom up. We didn’t slowly acclimate across generations to appreciate or have a reference for how good we have it. We just stepped into this future now and accepted it as normal. Numbing ourselves to the heights we stand atop. When you don’t earn through your own blood, sweat, and tears — forced to find opportunity where little exists — you don’t fully respect the competitive advantage and possibilities at your fingertips today. Like trust fund kids aimlessly drifting through privilege not grounded by reality. Without scarcity as a sharp contrast, we lose sight of how overwhelmingly abundant life is now for those taking initiative. We gaze into the infinite realm of potential yet focus only on what remains out of reach still versus claiming all within grasp already. Innovation Alone Doesn’t Elevate Individually Make no mistake, access alone means little without action. Books on the shelf don’t transform until read and applied diligently. Courses mean nothing if never finished. Accountability partners lose their leverage when you stop showing up. As Morpheus reminded... “There is a difference between knowing the path, and walking the path.” Don’t pat yourself on the back simply for discovering life-changing wisdom not utilized. It remains inert potential energy at best. Only through courageous initiation do we embody new standards what expanded possibility now allows for. Step fully through the doorway from old limitations into frontiers before off-limits. Otherwise, we cash our inheritance early for distraction instead of investing and compounding gains. We celebrate progress but don’t individually push progress. Squandering our unprecedented opportunity ultimately just increases disempowerment and entitlement. Until we regress despite external progress lifting most boats. As Viktor Frankl said... “Ultimately man should not ask what the meaning of his life is, but rather realize it is he who is asked. In a word, each man is questioned by life; and he can only answer to life by answering for his own life; to life he can only respond by being responsible.” The path is paved, and tools are available to actualize your best life. But it demands responsibility. Owning our personal progression versus making excuses. Amor Fati — loving your fate — regardless of where you start. Seizing opportunity despite disadvantage. Forging your capability despite circumstance. Excuses or Action. Constraint or Creation. You choose daily. Mindset Determines Outcomes Over Environment Here’s an uncomfortable truth most deny... Your external conditions don’t determine outcomes nearly as much as initiative, mindset, psychology, and choices. Environment influences but doesn’t override individual responsibility. Regardless of noise that’s not within control, own what is, with extreme prejudice. This is called displacement theory — where we overfactor context and underappreciate personal accountability. Consider two examples that illustrate the immense leverage of mindset over environment: Immigrants frequently outperform their native peers in academics, income, and home ownership. Despite less access to resources, networks, or cultural familiarity when they start over, many immigrants radically thrive through bottom-up hustle. Conversely, lottery winners ending up worse financially years later is a documented phenomenon. Through entitlement without maturity, they squander windfalls despite luck removing obstacles for them. Or another example... Children of wealthy parents earning trust funds underperform self-made peers substantially, despite infinite safety nets allowing risk and failure. They substitute privilege for individual will and work ethic. Yet, those climbing from nothing showcase immense ambition regardless of environmental factors trying to limit belief in potential outcomes. The Championship Mindset In An Era Of Participation Awards Maybe these realities make you uncomfortable. Good. They are. We want to believe factors out of our control determine destinies. It absolves responsibility to take inventory of decisions and habits within influence that drive outcomes. Blaming society, injustice, or circumstance is easier than reflecting on the dicey notion “If I transformed my psychology and made better choices, I could radically change my results.” But let’s pause here. The goal isn’t condemnation over what have been done or guilt for past approaches. “should” The purpose is illumination, so we pivot forward empowered by truth. Awareness spurs change, not judgment. Transform excuses into energy toward your next phase of actualized potential. Forge opportunity by expanding the possibility of what you believe can be done despite constraints trying to convince you otherwise. Musashi called this having a “championship mindset.” Winners in any domain — sports, art, business, spirituality, relationships — build identity narratives that cut through obstacles in their heads first before ever seeing them manifest physically. Mental fortitude precedes external manifestation. Jelly insides show up as weak results regardless of your potential. Champions hold an almost delusional-level conviction in what they can accomplish if they strategically apply themselves over enough time. They embody the identity of excellence, domination, and impact so completely that it etches their physiology. Confidence is their baseline, not an aspirational boost needing external validation. This unstoppable mindset fuels consistent action towards audacious goals despite hurdles or timelines seeming unreasonable to rest. Great ones know external wins start within long before visible to the outside world. Cultivating sheer efficacy and willpower to turn dreams into plans and then plans into progress. They hold themselves to higher standards constantly. Making incremental improvement daily until the plateau of potential reached elevates baseline. Knowing marginal gains compound over time. This mentality separates those who squander natural talents that the rest wish they had...from those with championship vision who maximize every drop of human potential possessed. Who will you become? Identity drives reality. Claim Your Modern Birthright Manifesting potential starts by taking complete ownership of precious opportunity within your grasp right now. Birthright means an inheritance you’re entitled to by birth. Financial security, status, and assets family members pass down. I challenge you to view the situation you were born into more expansively. Your ancestor just two generations ago likely: Performed backbreaking labor from sunrise to sundown Had health issues we resolve easily today Had way less economic opportunity without global mobility and the internet Access to maybe a few books their whole life in rural areas Die by 60 years old from now preventable causes Just since 1990... Automation replaced 50% of tedious and dangerous jobs Healthcare innovation increased life expectancy over a decade The Internet created millions of economic opportunities Education went from privilege of few to accessible for all Extreme global poverty dropped by 50% The point is you won the cosmic lottery simply by being born in this time and place in history. So before complaining about limitations, perhaps compassionately reflect on how much circumstance-defying potential surrounds you here and now... Then courageously claim it. Sacrifice excuses for initiative. Accept abundance over entitlement. Double down on excellence and accountability. Living through these rare times is a modern birthright. But Destiny's true inheritance must be claimed with both hands despite endless distractions tempting complacency. Compounding This Windfall Part of maturity means realizing you don’t deserve anything simply because you exist. Universal energy rewards those taking responsibility. Actualizing your full potential involves stewarding ALL inheritances — money, knowledge, tools, relationships, inspiration — handed down to responsibly create MORE value as you climb the hierarchy of goals. Think back to stories like the Jesus told. A master going on a journey entrusts servants with bags of gold. In return, two invested and compounded the money. But one simply preserved the original inheritance, digging a hole to hide it without attempting to increase it. “Parable of the Talents” The message is clear: To those faithfully stewarding opportunity: “Well done! You have been trustworthy with small things, I will now give you much more.” But to the servant burying their potential: “You wicked and lazy servant! Take the gold from him and give it to the man enterprising increase.” So think back… Who worked diligently starting with little versus who squandered opportunity? Who multiplied gains versus who generated entitlement? Who owned the identity of excellence versus excuses? Compare where you started to possibilities before you now thanks to external progress. Have you compounded personal capability at an equal rate? Or stagnated in complacent entitlement enjoyed as a birthright? Awaken The Modern Pioneer Spirit Beyond holding yourself to higher standards, adopt the heart and spirit of past pioneers who settled frontiers. The pioneer journeys not for glory itself but so their grandchildren may have opportunities they never dreamed of. Sacrifice in the short term to build foundations for the betterment of future generations. Plant trees under whose shade you may never sit. But know they allow the fruits of your labor to be enjoyed for decades beyond your short, fleeting lifespan. This pioneer spirit is precisely what built the privileged conditions we enjoy but take for granted today. We forget the backs broken with labor and risk so we could have comfort and safety to unlock our creativity. Standing on the shoulders of giants, how will we lift the next wave still higher? The Modern Pioneer Rises What frontiers — physical, spiritual, scientific, personal — will you charge courageously into despite unknowns and fears holding most peers paralyzed? How can we hold ourselves to elevated expectations equal to the abundant privileges we inherited? Where can you multiply opportunity before passing the baton to youth who will one day stand exactly where you stand now? Progress depends on pioneers scraping trails where none exist yet. To blaze so others may follow. To settle where most only daydream of. To actualize imaginary places into inhabitable spaces. You now have guides, tools, and abundance allowing manifestation beyond the wildest dreams of ancestors just decades ago. Much gifted to start farther than they ever imagined. But the modern pioneer can’t rest on generational privilege alone. They must charge forward to meet the future. Create so their young may build upon foundations in place. Ignite sparks today so flames illuminate unforeseen horizons tomorrow. The Bravest Act of Our Times Perhaps this whole discussion seems irrelevant. But I assure you, truly embracing even a fraction of the exponential change swirling around us requires courage and foresight seen only at pivotal transitions in human history. Our complacency and distraction are simply conditioned comfort against risking the unknown frontier. Preference for slow deaths of boredom and limitation over daring greatly into undiscovered possibility. But you can’t selectively inherit the privilege of progress without also accepting responsibility to steward this momentum. Enjoying luxury without risking further elevation is not honorable. Progress depends on pioneers in every generation putting their shoulders to the wheel. To push exponential technology, innovation, and thought even higher. Standing on shoulders while lifting still taller. The bravest act in our times is acknowledging frankly the heights we now stand atop... legacy capital accumulated... gifts and knowledge solemnly passed down to us. Then courageously planting flags further. For not even the sky need be the limit anymore. The Summit Still Beckons Perhaps this brings more questions than concrete steps. It would make sense to feel overwhelmed realizing the progress civilization has made. Opportunities now exist beyond anything known for thousands of generations before. You may also feel anxious realizing you haven’t taken full advantage of what currently surrounds you. Instead, you’ve taken for granted the progress and inventions created by past generations who made this moment possible. That’s completely understandable. The first step is to gain perspective - to accurately see where we are thanks to those who came before us. Consider feeling grateful for the progress made by ancestors you now benefit from. Appreciation carries no judgment, only responsibility. We honor past generations by continuing the march of progress. Their innovations enable us; now, we must execute ourselves and pave the way for those to come. If you enjoyed this article, I’d love to hear from you. Email me at scott@scottdclary.com or at me and I’ll do my best to get back to everyone! tweet , @ScottDClary Also published here

We're Living in the Greatest Time in History (Yet Most Squander It)

আমরা ইতিহাসের সর্বশ্রেষ্ঠ সময়ে বাস করছি (তবুও এটি সবচেয়ে বেশি নষ্ট করে)

Wir leben in der großartigsten Zeit der Geschichte (und doch verschwenden die meisten sie)

Estamos viviendo el mejor momento de la historia (aunque la mayoría lo desperdicia)

Nous vivons la plus grande époque de l’histoire (et pourtant, la plupart la gaspillent)

हम इतिहास के सबसे महानतम समय में रह रहे हैं (फिर भी सबसे अधिक इसे बर्बाद कर रहे हैं)

私たちは歴史上最も素晴らしい時代に生きています（しかし、最も多くの人がそれを浪費しています）

우리는 역사상 가장 위대한 시대에 살고 있습니다(그러나 대부분은 그것을 낭비하고 있습니다)

Estamos vivendo o melhor momento da história (ainda que a maioria o desperdice)

Мы живем в величайшее время в истории (однако большинство его растрачивают)

Tarihin En Harika Zamanını Yaşıyoruz (Fakat Çoğu Kişi Bunu İsraf Ediyor)

Chúng ta đang sống trong thời đại vĩ đại nhất trong lịch sử (Tuy nhiên, hầu hết đều lãng phí nó)

我们生活在历史上最伟大的时代（但也是最浪费的时代）

Craig Wright And The Bitcoin Supercomputer Fraud

Let's learn about via these 33 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Smart Cities /Learn Repo 1. How Smart are our Homes Getting? Smart spaces will become an essential part of our lives, he says. Smart homes are changing our lives in the same way as wearable devices. 2. Micro Electric Vehicles and their Massive Advantages Over Standard EVs Companies around the world are developing smaller, more efficient electric cars that provide solutions to growing concerns within the standard EV market. 3. Smart Trains: A Long Journey to Transportation Revolution Smart cars might be the future, but what about high-speed smart trains? 4. 5 Reasons Our Cities Are Not Full of Autonomously Flying Drones (Yet!) We are slowly but surely moving towards a world where autonomous drones will play a major role. In this article, I will show you what stopes them today. 5. Building a Smart City with Smart Transportation Systems To achieve the smart cities of the future, government officials need to develop smart infrastructure to increase road and passenger safety. 6. 5 Intriguing Applications of Computer Vision in Smart Cities Computer vision will radically change smart technology. Here are five ways it's already impacting smart cities. 7. How Technology Can Help Make Sustainable Cities As the global population continues to grow exponentially, the number of people living in urban areas is growing the fastest. With over 50% of the world’s population currently living in major cities, and an anticipated 2.4 billion more over the next 30 years, the term ‘megacity’ has been created to describe the urban metropolises of the future. 8. We Will Soon Enter the 5G Revolution Since 2009, 4G has been an essential technology in our hyperconnected world, enabling our handsets to consume and produce multimedia, browse the majority of internet web sites, and run awesome apps. But these features have been evolving towards more and more data consumption rates, because hardware resources like CPU, memory and screens allowed them to process large amounts of data. 9. Smart Cities Raise Data Privacy Concerns Should you be excited about smart cities or concerned about your privacy and data? I go through three of the ten privacy principles (PIPEDA) and their effects. 10. Using IoT to Solve Housing Problems and Improve Safety IoT can help manage air quality and emissions at industrial sites, improve control over electricity, water, and heat meters, and more. 11. What AI Advancements Will Mean for Our Daily Lives in 2021 AI arguably dates to the 1950s when Alan Turning invented the Turing Test. This was essentially a machine that could think for itself. Fast forward 70 years and if sci-fi thrillers made throughout the years are anything to go by, the world is overrun by robots and human beings are now servants to the machined man. 12. Are Smart Cities a Threat to Data Privacy? For smart cities to function, they must collect data. But is that good for citizens? Is true data privacy achievable for smart cities? 13. The Automotive Industry Continues to Widen its Connectivity The Future Is Now 14. AI-enabled Smart Cities: What to Get Right Data is the foundation of smart cities. However, to deliver the right solutions, planners must establish sustainable data and AI technology policies. 15. How Are Smart Cities Made 'Smart': Top 6 Enabling Technologies The ultimate goal of smart cities is to improve citizens’ quality of life, reduce the cost of living and attain a sustainable environment through technology. 16. Eco-Big Data Applications in the City: Cleaning Up with IoT and ML Digitalization is possible not only in enterprises. Digital transformation is catching up even with cities to make them more convenient for residents and less harmful to the planet. How to quickly monitor garbage cans, the state of forest parks, cycling and air purity with the help of big data, machine learning and the Internet of things? 17. The 23rd Century: Enter the Smart City While it is easy to visualize a smartphone, a smart TV, or even a smart car — the quintessential 23rd Century smart city might largely elicit confusion from the public. 18. How to Determine the Relative Smartness Level of a City To determine the relative smartness level of a city, there are several indicators that have been defined to arrive as such a number. These indicators, among many others, are: 19. Is "Society 5.0" Supplementing AI as Technology's Latest and Greatest Snake Oil? Photo Credit, Jeremy Weate 20. How Local Governments are Future-Proofing their Urban Centres with Blockchain Technology Nearly two thirds of the global population are city-dwellers. Urbanization, whilst generally associated with increased standards of living, better job opportunities, and access to critical services like healthcare, is intertwined with rapid industrialization, which puts tremendous pressure on environmental resources. 21. How IoT Technology Helps Cities to Focus on People As cities are concentrating the largest part of the world’s population, they face challenges that have never existed before. Evolution of smart cities from basic infrastructure elements to a comfortable urban ecosystem supports citizens throughout their lives and raises new concerns. 22. Is AI the Best Solution for Crowd Management? We increasingly use technology for a broad variety of purposes. One new purpose has been to manage crowds in crowded events to streamline the experience. 23. The Birth of a New Niche — Smart Cities By 2050, 66% of the world’s inhabitants will live in cities. Rapid urbanization entails global challenges, such as air pollution, power shortages, clean drinking water, and overpopulation. The demand from cities for technological solutions to these problems now makes up a global market of $1.5 trillion in value. 24. Understanding Usage Control in Smart Cities: Smart Health Use Case Usage control provides fine grained access to data and resources through restricting access to smart health resources. 25. Life in Smart Cities: Your Walk in the Park isn't Private Anymore Access control ensures authorized access to the city's municipalities, which is critical for ensuring the security of smart cities. 26. How Swarm Intelligence-Powered Vehicles and Smart Cities can Help Streamline Traffic Given the advent of autonomous cars and their growing penetration in the transportation market, it is empirical that companies consider using Swarm Intelligence to tackle traffic and make the daily commute a lot more pleasant for billions around the world. 27. Building Robots for Smarter Cities: How the Manufacturing Process is Everything Hardware is seeing a resurgence and exponential innovation similar to the software boom a decade ago. And as a robotic delivery company founded in 2017, we have been navigating the manufacturing world and hardware revolution, picking up product design and smart tips along the way. [28. Edge Computing Is So Fun - Part 2: The Future  Begins with The Road Side Unit](https://hackernoon.com/edge-computing-is-so-fun-part-2-the-future-begins-with-the-road-side-unit-4ls3wrp) This is the second in a series of articles on edge computing, delving into the infrastructure of outdoor edge computing, the emergence of the Roadside Unit as a common building block, a real-life example of the Roadside Unit, and the way forward. 29. Digital Dystopia as a Panopticon Model of Society Much has been written about the mechanisms of social control that have appeared in China since 2010. And especially many publications are devoted to the emerging system of social credit, which will allow monitoring and regulate the behavior of citizens, which later transforms into a system of social rating. 30. Understanding Data Usage Control in a Smart City Learn how data usage can be controlled in smart cities? 31. Art + Science + Scripture = Bible Math This science/scripture/art article known as Bible Math came about in a most-riveting, creative, and spiritual way. For over two decades, I have been leading weekly Bible Discussion Groups and studying the Bible with people on an individual mentoring level. In the course of these spiritual adventures, as part of the City of Angels International Christian Church, I am typically delighted to share the gospel with all who are willing to listen and put the word of God into practice. Such delight is especially true of the following mathematics-focused Bible study. [32. Edge Computing Is So Fun Part 3: Help Save The Planet With Smart Cities](https://hackernoon.com/edge-computing-is-so-fun-part-3-help-save-the-planet-with-smart-cities-n5143e85) Figure 1. Singapore was ranked №1 on the Institute for Management Development’s 2020 Smart City Index Report. Credit: International Case Studies of Smart Cities 33. Why SigFox is Not a Good Option for Connected Street-Lighting SigFox has notable data size limitations; while it can be good for several IoT applications, it limits the smart street lighting E2E capabilities. Thank you for checking out the 33 most read stories about Smart Cities on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

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