not8 is a one-stop shop product feedback platform - leave text and video sticky notes right on the webpage, automatically send them to thousands of tools such as JIRA, ClickUp and Slack

Not8

not8

This interview series celebrates all the phenomenal . Today we are talking with the CEO & co-founder of not8 - Yaroslav Medvedev. Congratulations, well-deserved! The HackerNoon community is excited to learn more about you! Startups of the Year Winners https://hackernoon.com/startups/europe/europe-amsterdam-netherlands What does it mean for you to win this title? Thank you, it’s a great honor to be named Startup of the Year! We are super excited :) It’s a great milestone for our team and a recognition of our efforts. What sets you apart from the competition? Honestly, it depends on who you consider as our competitors - but I’d say that the main differentiating factors of not8 are: ability to work with live websites and apps real-time multipersonal collaboration multi-format feedback (text, video, screenshots) In 2024, we are also adding the AI assistant that will act as a product review companion, which will be another differentiating factor. What do you love about your team, and why are you the ones to solve this problem? Vlad & I have been working together since 2021 (we had another project before co-founding not8), and two main things that I like about our team is that (1) our values match, (2) our skills are complementary, so our responsibilities are clearly divided - Vlad covers everything tech-related, and I cover everything business-related. We both faced the problem of unstructured and ambiguous feedback at our previous jobs and experienced the pain firsthand, which makes us great candidates to solve it. If you weren’t building your startup, what would you be doing? Hmm, I like building things, but I’m not technical. So, if I couldn’t build things in my own company, I would probably do that at somebody else’s. I think I’d work in a Product Management department. At the moment, how do you measure success? What are your core metrics? Since not8 is still pre-revenue, our key metrics revolve around product usage. We measure the total number of installations, the number of active users, and the total number of notes left. As of today, we have 1500+ registered users who left 9500+ notes in total. Tell us how your startup is changing the world. Obviously, not8 is not one of those startups that tackle the fundamental problems of humanity, but we help teams build better products faster. With not8 Product Managers, Developers, Designers, QA, and Marketing Specialists can spend less time talking and iterating and focus on what matters the most - building great things! How do you or your company intend to embrace the responsibility of this title in 2024? Haha, I don’t think it will change much in what we are going to do, to be honest. We will just continue pushing forward, making our product better and our users happier. What goals are you looking forward to accomplishing in 2024? We have a big roadmap, but let me share a few main things. First of all, we want to create a not8 widget so our clients can collect feedback from external users more easily (users won’t need to install anything anymore to leave feedback). This is particularly interesting for enterprise clients with a large number of website visitors - e.g., eCommerce platforms. Another big thing we are going to work on is an AI-powered digital companion. Our AI assistant will automatically test your software for bugs, check that all UI elements comply with your brand guidelines, analyze your website content, and suggest improvements, both from marketing and SEO perspectives. It will provide contextual comments with suggestions right within the product you build and engage in conversations with your team. Which trend(s) are you most excited about in 2024? Share your reasons. AI obviously, it’s omnipresent, everyone is talking about it, and unlike many other over-hyped trends, I think this one is real. It has low barriers for entry (millions of people already use tools like ChatGPT or Perplexity) and high retention (I use AI tools almost on a day-to-day basis, and half of the people I know do so as well). I don’t see any other technology eclipsing this trend in 2024. To be honest, it will just continue developing and getting better. 2023 had been another crazy year, especially in tech, with layoffs and the Generative AI takeover! Which trend are you most concerned about? Be as brief or as detailed as you like. Layoffs are happening because less venture capital is available now, especially at the later stages. Companies are forced to cut their expenses and raise money on lower valuations than they raised just a couple of years ago. This is obviously a concerning trend, but I have a feeling that “VC winter” is coming to an end. Share your biggest success so far and/or your biggest failure so far. Building not8 to 1500+ users, getting into the top 1% of applicants who get the investment from Antler, and raising $270k are definitely my biggest successes so far, but hopefully not the biggest ever, haha. I try to get better every year, this is just a beginning. And failures… Who cares about failures? Let’s not talk about them :) Let’s just say that not8 is the 5th project that I’m working on. It is the most serious one as well - it’s the first time I’ve raised VC money and the first project of mine that I’m working on full-time. Working on something full-time is a completely different experience than working part-time, I must say. A lot more is done because you don’t shift your focus to anything else. We would love your feedback on HackerNoon as a tech publication! How has your experience been with us? So far, so good :) I’ve just recently become your active reader and community member. Honestly, I think what you are doing is great and HackerNoon is an invaluable resource for startup founders - it keeps you updated about all the latest trends and insights in the tech industry. Any words of wisdom you’d like to share with us? I think staying adaptable and open to learning is key in the current environment - everything seems to develop and change so fast. When we were starting out (which was just 1.5 years ago), almost no one knew about ChatGPT and Generative AI - now, almost every startup seems to have some AI functionality. But staying adaptable doesn’t mean running after everything that is currently considered a “hot tech.” It is about understanding the needs of your users and leveraging emerging technologies to make their experience better. Users first, “hot tech” second. Startups of The Year is HackerNoon’s Flagship community-driven event celebrating startups that survived and thrived in 2023. 30,000 startups across 4200+ cities and six continents participated this year to be crowned the best startup in their city. See our global winners announcement . here Companies that blog more get 67% more leads - Jumpstart your company’s blogging journey by purchasing our . Business Blogging Package The 2023 Startups Of The Year is sponsored by: . . The winners will get a free .Tech Domain, a HackerNoon NFT, and a Tech Company News Page. TECH Domains

Meet not8, Winner of the Startups of the Year in Amsterdam

The wait is over! - it’s time to celebrate the champion startups of the world. Shout out to all of the participants in our ! You did a wonderful job showcasing your incredible startups and powering through another year. 2023 Startups of the Year is a community-driven voting platform brought to you by HackerNoon that recognizes and celebrates tech startups changing technology and the world for the better. The award started on May 8th, 2023, where the internet nominated and voted for 30k startups around the world. The voting period remained open until December 31, 2023, and now we are here with the winner announcement after a comprehensive evaluation by the HackerNoon team. Startups of the Year 2023 To see the top 3 startups in each respective city, visit and pick a city. hackernoon.com/startups You’ll get a little surprise 😉 Here are the Startups of the Year Regional Announcements: North America Europe Asia Africa South America Oceania Misc/Remote From all of us at HackerNoon, thank YOU for your excellent campaign perseverance 🥺 This year has been awesome! Startups of the Year 2023 is concluded with 623k+ total votes, up from 215k+ votes in the inaugural startup competition. We look forward to seeing you again in the next campaign (stay tuned 😉)! Without further ado, let us kick off the announcement by celebrating the cities with top votes per region for 2023 🎉 North America (11,697 votes): Winner: Bloomfilter Cleveland, Ohio (8,835 votes) - Winner: SerpApi Austin, Texas , California (5,564 votes) - Winner: Finch San Francisco (4,258 votes) - Winner: RELAYTO SoMa, California - (3339 votes) Winner: Windscribe Toronto, Canada, North America (3304 votes) - Winner: Vouched Seattle (2716 votes) - Winner: Seccuri Palo Alto, CA, North America (2671 votes) - Winner: Salsa Valley Miami, FL, North America (2,613 votes) - Winner: Majhi Group Manhattan, New York (2423 votes) - Winner: Flieber, Inc. New York City, NY, North America See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, North America, here Europe (45,612 votes) - Winner: Algomo London, UK (2,344votes) - Winner: Data Lake Warsaw, Poland (1,955 votes) - Winner: Hoken Tech Bari, Italy (1716 votes) - Winner: Not8 Amsterdam, Netherlands (1657 votes) - Winner: KYVE Frankfurt Am Main, Germany (1566 votes) - Winner: BazaIT Kyiv, Ukraine (1496 votes) - Winner:  Unity Network Tallinn, Estonia (1,478 votes) - Winner: Volcaino Ghent, Belgium (1,288 votes) - Winner: Owl Me Dublin, Ireland (1198 votes) - Winner: Groover Paris, France See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, Europe, here Oceania (3,350 votes) - Winner: Sharepass Melbourne (2,107 votes) - Winner: The Catfisher Project Perth, Australia (220 votes) - Winner: Gemini AI Solutions Auckland, New Zealand, Oceania (213 votes) - Winner: Nexustorage Wellington, New Zealand, Oceania (138 votes) - Winner: Coviu Sydney (124 votes) - Winner: Bopple Brisbane, Australia, Oceania (124 votes) - Winner: Regional CFO New South Wales, Australia, Oceania (106 votes) - Winner: Edit on the Spot Gold Coast, Australia, Oceania (93 votes) - Winner: Knowledge Satnav Canbera, Australia, Oceania , Australia, Oceania (48 votes) - Winner: Peptalk360 North Melbourne, Melbourne See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, Oceania, here Asia (16,345 votes) - Winner: Serenity Shield Singapore (13,588 votes) - Winners: QUIXY Telangana, India (10,168 votes) - Winner: HealthySure Mumbai, India (3,865 votes) - Winner: InterviewBuddy Visakhapatnam, India (3,733 votes) - Winner: Omniflo Bengaluru, India (4589 votes) - Winner: MeNow Tel Aviv (3877 votes) - Winner: ForestVPN Dubai (2478 votes) - Winner: TechGraph Powai, Mumbai, India (1004 votes) - Winner: Reelo Ahmedabad, GJ, India (875 votes) - Winner: Debt Hunter Hong Kong, China See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, Asia, here Africa (8,179 votes) - Winner: GO PLATFORM Algiers, Algeria (767 votes) - Winner: Tudu Accra, Ghana (415 votes) - Winner: Treford Lagos, Nigeria (265 votes) - Winner: Phalconwise Ogbomosho, Nigeria (157 votes) - Winner: AbuErdan Cairo (151 votes) - Winner: Eazipay Lekki (144 votes) - Winner: KaziConnect Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (101 votes) - Winner: faceATT Gauteng, South Africa (79 votes) - Winner: Dimagi Cape Town (71 votes) - Winner: Sabi Addis Ababa See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, Africa, here South America (376 votes ) - Winner: UpGirl Santiago, Chile (217 votes) - Winner: Klever Sao Paulo, Brazil (191 votes) - Winner: Tributo Simple Buenos Aires, Argentina (127 votes) - Winner: Light-it Montevideo, Uruguay (87 votes) -Winner: Thousand Antioquia, Colombia (108 votes) - Winner: GetLavado Lima (101 votes) - Winner: Cogniflow Medellin (73 votes) - Winner: TPAGA Bogota (73 votes) - Winner: Reliv Quito (47 votes) - WInner: Quantex Cordoba See the complete announcement for the . Startups of the Year, South America, here Misc/Remote: Featured Startups (1500 votes) - Winner: CIC Chain Remote, Earth (1193 votes) - Winner: Reship Colony US Misc (146 Votes) - Winner: Partful UK, Misc (116 votes) - Winner: GoMining British Virgin Islands Misc (283 Votes) - Winner: tomorrowSpace Germany Misc (225 votes) - Winner: Dtravel Cayman Islands See the complete announcement for Misc/Remote startups . here Once again, HUGE CONGRATULATIONS and BIG PROPS to all of the top Startups of each region this year! The whole team at HackerNoon would like to thank you for your perseverance in the campaign, and we look forward to seeing you in the next campaign. About HackerNoon’s Startups Of The Year Startups of The Year is HackerNoon’s Flagship community-driven event celebrating startups that survived and thrived in 2023. 30,000 startups across 4200+ cities and six continents participated this year to be crowned the best startup in their city. Visit our page to learn more. FAQ Companies that blog more get 67% more leads - Jumpstart your company’s blogging journey by purchasing our . Business Blogging Package The 2023 Startups Of The Year is sponsored by: . . The winners get a free .Tech Domain, a HackerNoon NFT, and a Tech Company News Page. TECH Domains

Stand Up for the Champion Startups of the Year! 

বছরের চ্যাম্পিয়ন স্টার্টআপের জন্য দাঁড়ান!

Setzen Sie sich für die Champion-Startups des Jahres ein!

¡Defiende a las startups campeonas del año!

Défendez les startups championnes de l’année !

वर्ष के चैंपियन स्टार्टअप के लिए खड़े रहें!

今年のチャンピオンスタートアップのために立ち上がろう!

올해의 챔피언 스타트업을 위해 일어서세요!

Defenda as startups campeãs do ano!

Встаньте на защиту стартапов-чемпионов года!

Yılın Şampiyon Startup'ları için Ayağa Kalkın!

Hãy ủng hộ các công ty khởi nghiệp vô địch của năm!

为年度冠军初创企业挺身而出！

Emphatic words must stand in emphatic positions

Intro In this article I’ll try to tell you about static analyzers and what they can bring to the code, to share with you possible difficulties, and to show you how the developer and analyzer work together. For my examples, I’ll use PHP, although solutions such as have implementations in many other languages as well. SonarQube So, let’s begin. What Are Analyzers For? Code analysis is an integral part of any developing process, on an equal level with testing and code reviews. Frequently, developers review the same code tens of times, checking that everything written fits the standards of code writing in the project, in the team, and in the company. In order to offload developers and speed up manual code analysis, various code analyzers were created. If the analyzer is set up correctly, the development process is accelerated, and the code quality increases. Static code analysis allows you to view the entire application code at once without the developer's participation which makes it different from manual or dynamic analysis. Static analysis, as the name says, does not run the code, but only looks through it for errors in the code, such as incorrectly specified types in function arguments, unused variables, etc. Static code analysis is performed by any team, even when developing alone. When writing code, every developer examines it for possible problems and smells. Because of this, a developer may make a mistake in the business logic when checking additional, technical parts of the work. Solutions for Static Code Analysis in PHP There are a lot of static analyzers available for PHP at the moment. Today, we will go through them with a short review of each, and then compare them so that you can choose the right one for your project. Short Review PHPStan Founded in 2016, it is one of the most popular static analyzers in PHP. At the moment, the project is supported by several developers, and the number of downloads of the package has exceeded 127 million. Among the main differences of PHPStan is the built-in support for plugins (available for example to work with modern frameworks). Has the ability to specify the level of checks. Does not have error types which is sometimes inconvenient when you need to enable or disable a particular one. Also has a paid GUI version of the application instead of CLI, which is important for some people. Phan In development since 2015, Phan has over 5 million downloads. Phan is much less popular but has serious weight as Rasmus Lerdorf, one of the creators of PHP, was also involved in its development. Among the advantages of Phan are its ability to act as a Language Server and real static. Phan does not attach the files it needs. It first builds the project tree using the PHP-ast library and then analyzes the files it needs. This method allows for faster analysis but has drawbacks. For example, Phan cannot count PHPDoc blocks inside methods, which often leads to false positives. Psalm Founded by Matt Brown of Vimeo in 2014, Psalm is also one of the top solutions for PHP. The project currently has over 33 million downloads. Can mention logic assertion checks and security hole checks as key features. Can perform some simple edits by itself. It also has an advantage over PHPStan, as it does not load unused files when checking part of the code base. On the plus side, it has excellent documentation where you can find all types of errors, as well as play in the sandbox and send to a colleague if necessary. It also has its own set of custom PHPDoc blocks for better analysis, e.g., type analysis. Mess Detector Created in 2005, Mess Detector has already been downloaded more than 65 million times. Mess Detector differs from all the analyzers mentioned before in that it analyzes code from the point of view of finding code with smells or without clean code principles. With its help, we can find out which classes we need to refactor because they have a lot of code/logical operations, or we can also see places not following design principles and clean code. PHP_CodeSniffer Its first version was released back in 2003, which puts it among the oldest static analyzers in PHP. Despite this, it is still being updated and has been downloaded more than 193 million times so far. The main difference with CodeSniffer is that it checks code for code style, which reduces its capabilities but gives it the speed of execution and the ability to fix many errors. Comparison Since all analyzers have a lot of possibilities, it is sometimes difficult to make a choice among the described solutions. Let's try to arrange the data by analyzers with the help of the table: Feature PhpStan Psalm Phan Mess Detector CodeSniffer Sandbox + + + - - CodeStyle - - - - + Variable Types + + + - + Method return types + + + - - Language Server extension + plugin - - IDE Integration + + w/o PHPStorm + + Plugins + + + - - Speed Fast, speed decreases as the complexity of the project increases Fast Medium Fast Fast Autofixer + Psalter + - + Method/Class size check - - - + - Сheck for unenforceable conditions + + + - - PHPDoc check + + +/- - + Union types check + + + - + Array shapes support + + - - - Possible Problems During Implementation The main problems during implementation are developers' unwillingness to get used to a new tool and incorrect initial settings. Due to the fact that when setting a more strict level of checks, the static analyzer often generates a huge number of errors, which greatly affects the psychological state of the team. Each static analyzer has 3 tools to solve this problem: - indicates the level of severity of startup checks. The easiest way to reduce the number of startup errors. After adding startup to the standard development process, you can gradually increase the level. Level - writes errors during the check to a file so that the analyzer does not generate errors that are already in the file during the next runs. With the help of this tool, you can remove old errors at once and keep an eye on not adding new ones. You can also create a task pool to gradually get rid of errors from Baseline. Baseline - helps to check only the code that has been modified by the developer. Due to the use of links, namespaces, and autoloaders, it is not always a preferable option because it cannot check the work of the whole application. Diff However, the speed of the analyzer's work in this case motivates the developer to run it more often. It is not worth using it in CI because you need to make sure that the whole application works correctly before sending it to the extension. Examples To test PHPStan, Phan, and Psalm, I used a large file with more than 700 lines. After the test launch of all three analyzers, it turned out that there were only 11 common places in the code where all three analyzers produced a Warning or Error. Let's go through the examples where some analyzers worked and others did not. PHPStan function getData(): ?Data;
function setData(Data $data): void;
$data = $user->getData(); 
$anotherUser->setData($data);
//PHPStan  Cannot call method setData() on \User|null. public function getPaginatedList(array $ids, int $page, int $pageSize): PaginatedList
// PHPStan Method App\Service\Service::getPaginatedList() has parameter // $ids with no value type specified in iterable type array.          
// 💡 See:  //https://phpstan.org/blog/solving-phpstan-no-value-type-specified-in-it//erable-type /** @var AnotherService */
private $anotherService;
private $logger;
//PHPStan Property App\Service\Service::$logger has no type specified Phan if (!empty($data['user']['address'])) {
    $this->geoService->searchByStreet($data['user']['address']);
}
//Phan: PhanTypeMismatchArgumentNullable Argument 1 ($address) is $data['user']['address'] of type ?false|?string but \App\Service\GeoService::searchByStreet() takes string defined at src/Service/GeoService.php:35 (expected type to be non-nullable) /** @var EntityManagerInterface */
private $entityManager;

public function __construct(
    EntityManagerInterface $entityManager
) {
    $this->entityManager = $entityManager;    
}

$repository = $this->entityManager->getRepository(User::class);
//Phan: PhanUndeclaredMethod Call to undeclared method \Doctrine\ORM\EntityManagerInterface::getRepository Psalm $doc = new DocumentDto(
$data->getDocument()['series'],
$data->getDocument()['number'],
new \DateTimeImmutable(
    $data->getDocument()['issuing_date']
));
//Psalm: INFO: PossiblyNullArgument - src/Service/Service.php:301:20 - Argument 2 of App\Dto\DocumentDto::__construct cannot be null, possibly null value provided (see https://psalm.dev/078)
//  $data->getDocument()['number'], public function doSomething(): ?string;

public function upsertAndDoSomething(
    int $id,
    Info $info
): string {
    return $this->doSomething();
}
//INFO: InvalidNullableReturnType - src/Service/Service.php:113:8 - The declared return type 'string' for App\Service\Service::upsertAndDoSomething is not nullable, but 'null|string' contains null (see https://psalm.dev/144)
): string { PHPMD Clean Code FILE: /app/src/Validator/Validator.php
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 42   | VIOLATION | Avoid using static access to class 'Enum' in method 'validate'.
 55   | VIOLATION | Avoid assigning values to variables in if clauses and the like (line '61', column '13').
 55   | VIOLATION | Avoid assigning values to variables in if clauses and the like (line '66', column '15').
 67   | VIOLATION | Avoid using static access to class '\App\Helpers\Helper' in method 'map'.
 70   | VIOLATION | Avoid using static access to class '\App\Requests\Request' in method 'map'. Design FILE: /app/src/Service/Service.php
-----------------------------------------------
 30 | VIOLATION | The class Service has a coupling between objects value of 24. Consider to reduce the number of dependencies under 13. Unused Code FILE: /app/src/Service/Service.php
------------------------------------------------
 31  | VIOLATION | Avoid unused parameters such as '$token'.
 32  | VIOLATION | Avoid unused parameters such as '$user'.
 33  | VIOLATION | Avoid unused parameters such as '$url'. Codesize FILE: /app/src/Consumer/Consumer.php
----------------------------------------------
 63   | VIOLATION | The method __construct has 10 parameters. Consider reducing the number of parameters to less than 10.
 92   | VIOLATION | The method execute() has a Cyclomatic Complexity of 22. The configured cyclomatic complexity threshold is 10.
 92   | VIOLATION | The method execute() has an NPath complexity of 6401. The configured NPath complexity threshold is 200.
 92   | VIOLATION | The method execute() has 124 lines of code. Current threshold is set to 100. Avoid really long methods. PHPCS FILE: src/Service/Service.php
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOUND 15 ERRORS AND 9 WARNINGS AFFECTING 22 LINES
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 144 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 151 characters
 184 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 128 characters
 328 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 336 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 130 characters
 366 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 127 characters
 395 | ERROR   | [x] Empty lines are not allowed in multi-line function calls
 440 | ERROR   | [x] Opening brace must be the last content on the line
 440 | ERROR   | [x] Closing brace must be on a line by itself
 440 | ERROR   | [x] Each PHP statement must be on a line by itself
 481 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 149 characters
 486 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 488 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 122 characters
 503 | ERROR   | [x] Opening parenthesis of a multi-line function call must be the last content on the line
 545 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 122 characters
 546 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 138 characters
 587 | WARNING | [ ] Line exceeds 120 characters; contains 144 characters
 588 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 594 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 602 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 619 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 626 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 634 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 679 | ERROR   | [x] The first expression of a multi-line control structure must be on the line after the opening parenthesis
 724 | ERROR   | [x] Expected 1 space after closing brace; newline found
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHPCBF CAN FIX THE 15 MARKED SNIFF VIOLATIONS AUTOMATICALLY
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Collective Use As you can see in the examples - at the moment, every analyzer cannot meet all the desires and requirements of code coverage. That's why many teams that use such tools use several tools instead of one. It helps to cover most of the errors and also to look at one and the same error from different sides, which makes it possible to fix it faster. Conclusions Despite the fact that static analyzers appeared quite a long time ago, due to the specifics of their implementation, they perform their work differently and have different results too. Each development team can choose the tool it needs. In my opinion, using PHP_CodeSniffer is mandatory for all projects, and as for the choice between PHPStan/Phan/Psalm, we decided to use two of them in our project - Psalm and Phan because Psalm in our realities showed similar results to PHPStan, but has typed errors, which allows us to easily integrate the result with other services, such as Slack or Jira.

Static Analyzers in PHP 

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Best Physical Security Practices for Your Server Room Your server room hosts your most important assets, so it deserves proper protection. Here are four physical security strategies to keep your server room secure. 10. Businesses Have Countless Web Hosting Options: Here's What They Are In the earliest days of the Internet, pioneering businesses didn't have too many options to get their companies online. At the time (the mid to late 1990s), web hosting options were minimal. 11. Understanding APIs and How to Test Them API (an abbreviation of Application Programming Interface) is a special interface (a set of commands/controls) that is designed for the interaction of different 12. Node.js Vs Flask: Which One Has A Better Performance Curious about how Flask stacks up against Node.js? These are my thoughts on the matter. 13. Tutorial: How to Quickly Set up NodeJS Server NodeJS is a popular framework of JavaScript used for back-end web development. And for this, a server is as important as the backbone to a human body. So in this tutorial, we'll learn how to quickly set up a nodeJS server. 14. How Properly Configure Nginx Server for TLS This is a follow up on a story that I've published a few years ago. It still receives a huge amount of traffic so I decided to update it with the latest information. 15. Developers and Cloud IaaS: Why Devs Should Set Up Their Own Cloud Infrastructure Why Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) still rules, even for developers. 16. Apache Web Server Hardening: How To Protect Your Server From Attacks he web server has a crucial role in web-based applications. Since most of us leave it to the default configuration, it can leak sensitive data regarding the web server. 17. Which GPU is Better for Business, the RTX 4090 or a Server RTX A5000? We shall compare Nvidia's new gaming graphics card, the GeForce RTX 4090, and the powerful RTX A5000 server card. 18. VMware vCenter Converter Alternatives for V2V? VMware is commonly used to set up data centers for organisations. If the most commonly used solution doesn't work, some alternatives may work better for you. 19. How to Connect With External MySQL Servers (Part 1: Select Operations) This tutorial shows how to perform basic select queries to interact with MySQL Server using mysql2 gem. 20. The Bare Facts: What Businesses Have to Gain with Dedicated Servers By Andreea Jakab, Bigstep 21. Functional Testing With Your Backend in Go For Terrastruct, which has a little over 50K lines of code as of now, I've only written functional end-to-end tests. This blog post describes a successful setup that took some iterating to get to, and it's one I wish existed when I started with a Go API backend. 22. How to Automate the Creation of a Development Server In part one, I have shown how to create a remote development using DigitalOcean and rsync. In part two, I will show how to automate the entire process using Bash script. 23. 🐲 Dragon Router Introduction: HTTP Router and URL Matcher For Building Deno Web Servers ⚡A powerful HTTP router and URL matcher for building Deno web servers with dragon 🐲. 24. Alternative Overview of the SSMSBoost Add-in for SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) Today we will do a short review and features comparison of dbForge SQL Complete and SSMSBoost. 25. Insight Into TCP/UDP, Network Vulnerabilities and Defense Approaches This article provides the network vulnerabilities and defense approaches, with a focus on all the TCP and UDP ports, Port vulnerability, and learn more about Windows, Linux server operation guide. 26. HTTP Made Easy: Understanding the Web Client-Server Communication If you are anywhere related to web development, understanding the concepts of HTTP plays a vital role. So let us understand more about HTTP and its concepts in brief. 27. How to Connect With External MySQL Servers (Part 2: Insert & Update Operations) This is the second part of the series where we perform insert and update operations to interact with the MySQL server in Rails using MySQL2 gem. 28. How to Create a Remote Development Server Introduction 29. Graceful shutdown in NodeJS In this article, I am going to show you how to do a graceful shutdown in NodeJS application, but first, let's describe what does “graceful shutdown” means and why we need to do that in our application and what are the benefits. Thank you for checking out the 29 most read stories about Servers on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

29 Stories To Learn About Servers

Hi all! My name is Taras Egorov; I'm an engineer at inDrive. I'll show you how we set up an infrastructure capable of running more than 5,000 tests per day on iOS and Android devices combined. The secret is simple: we used Selenoid. Preface Last year, our colleagues conducted a study of auto testing, and we took part in a survey as part of the study. We were pleased with the survey's findings, so we decided to write an article to share our experience with you and get some advice in return. We thought it a good idea to divide the material into two parts: the first one focusing on Android and the second on iOS. Let's begin with Android. Running the tests on Android Selenoid is a tool for running and managing browsers and Android emulators in a Docker container. You can read more about this . popular in the documentation To write Appium tests, we use: Kotlin; JUnit 5; Maven. The first run. Setting up Selenoid Create a config file: browsers.json {

  "android": {

    "default": "10.0",

    "versions": {

      "10.0": {

        "image": "browsers/android:10.0",

        "port": "4444",

        "path": "/wd/hub"

      }

    }

  }

} The emulator image is specified in . The guys from have prepared ready-made images of Android emulators. You can check them out or . The images don't differ from each other in any way. image aerokube here here Let’s take the image as an example. The image must be downloaded beforehand: , otherwise the tests will not run: browsers/android:10.0 docker pull browsers/android:10.0 Original error: create container: Error response from daemon: No such image: browsers/android:10.0 The next step is to run Selenoid. We do that directly via , or there’s the option of using . docker Configuration Manager docker run -d \

           -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \

           -v "$(pwd)/selenoid/config/":/etc/selenoid/:ro \

           -p 4444:4444 \

           --name selenoid \

           aerokube/selenoid:1.10.7 You can check to see if Selenoid is working properly by following the link in your browser: http://localhost:4444 You are using Selenoid 1.10.7! Specify the Selenoid address in the Appium tests in the driver: ...
val driver = AndroidDriver(URL("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub"), capabilities)
... Next, specify the link to the build in capabilities: ... 
capabilities.setCapability("appium:app", "https://storage.example.com/builds/app.apk")
... If unable to provide a link, you can specify the path to the build:** ...
capabilities.setCapability("appium:app", "/builds/app.apk")
... Where is the path inside the container where the emulator is being run. For this option to work properly, be sure to specify the in : /builds/app.apk volumes browsers.json {

  "android": {

    "default": "10.0",

    "versions": {

      "10.0": {

        ...

        "volumes": [

          "/home/username/app.apk:/builds/app.apk:ro"

        ]

        ...

      }

    }

  }

} Where is the path to the build on the host platform. /home/username/app.apk That's it, we've almost set up Selenoid, and now we can try running the tests: ./mvnw test But, unfortunately, the tests will not be able to run. Let's look into this and see what's wrong. The second run. Taking a look at the logs and video The first thing to do after a failed startup is to check out the Selenoid logs: docker logs selenoid [INIT] [Loading configuration files...]
[INIT] [Loaded configuration from /etc/selenoid/browsers.json]
[INIT] [Video Dir: /opt/selenoid/video]
[INIT] [Your Docker API version is 1.41]
[INIT] [Timezone: UTC]
[INIT] [Listening on :4444]
[NEW_REQUEST] [unknown] [172.17.0.1]
[NEW_REQUEST_ACCEPTED] [unknown] [172.17.0.1]
[LOCATING_SERVICE] [android] [10.0]
[USING_DOCKER] [android] [10.0]
[CREATING_CONTAINER] [selenoid/android:10.0]
[STARTING_CONTAINER] [selenoid/android:10.0] [75e454341da7fc4b58ba104a5180813bac6cd7c124037a759b6c976e65b168fa]
[CONTAINER_STARTED] [selenoid/android:10.0] [75e454341da7fc4b58ba104a5180813bac6cd7c124037a759b6c976e65b168fa] [0.40s]
[0] [REMOVING_CONTAINER] [75e454341da7fc4b58ba104a5180813bac6cd7c124037a759b6c976e65b168fa]
[0] [CONTAINER_REMOVED] [75e454341da7fc4b58ba104a5180813bac6cd7c124037a759b6c976e65b168fa]
[0] [SERVICE_STARTUP_FAILED] [http://172.17.0.3:4444/wd/hub does not respond in 30s] We see that the status is SERVICE_STARTUP_FAILED. Go to the and look at the status value: documentation SERVICE_STARTUP_FAILED - Failed to start Docker container or driver binary The error doesn’t tell you much, and more information is required. It would be good to take a look at the container logs. Let's do that by enabling logging: docker run -d \

           -p 4444:4444 \

           -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \

           -v "$(pwd)/selenoid/config/":/etc/selenoid/:ro \

           -v  "$(pwd)/selenoid/logs/":/opt/selenoid/logs/ \

           aerokube/selenoid:1.10.7 \

           -log-output-dir /opt/selenoid/logs We also enable logs in the Capabilities section: ...
capabilities.setCapability("enableLog", true)
... Run the tests and review the logs using the browser : http://localhost:4444/logs/ 2023-04-16T13:44:43.909768530Z Waiting X server...
2023-04-16T13:44:44.009494775Z Logging to: /tmp/fluxbox.log
2023-04-16T13:44:44.047587277Z Waiting X server...
2023-04-16T13:44:44.151933325Z Waiting X server...
2023-04-16T13:44:44.262850410Z * daemon not running; starting now at tcp:5037
2023-04-16T13:44:44.457972956Z * daemon started successfully
2023-04-16T13:44:44.458249266Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:45.463480812Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:46.471547723Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:47.476093515Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:48.481987351Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:49.486503149Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:50.492757801Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:51.499094108Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:52.505862428Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:53.513276412Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:54.520642210Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:55.527420189Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:56.534631013Z adb: no devices/emulators found
2023-04-16T13:44:57.316094939Z WARNING. Using fallback path for the emulator registration directory.
2023-04-16T13:44:57.335415397Z checkValid: hw configs not eq
2023-04-16T13:44:57.541959741Z adb: device offline
2023-04-16T13:44:58.547907700Z adb: device offline
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565504866Z emulator: WARNING: System image is writable
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565528396Z emulator: Cold boot: different AVD configuration
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565532576Z Your emulator is out of date, please update by launching Android Studio:
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565536346Z  - Start Android Studio
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565539506Z  - Select menu "Tools > Android > SDK Manager"
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565543076Z  - Click "SDK Tools" tab
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565546216Z  - Check "Android Emulator" checkbox
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565549216Z  - Click "OK"
2023-04-16T13:44:58.565552146Z 
2023-04-16T13:44:59.554451514Z adb: device offline
2023-04-16T13:45:00.560926060Z adb: device offline
2023-04-16T13:45:01.568777440Z adb: device offline
2023-04-16T13:45:12.124226047Z emulator: INFO: boot completed
2023-04-16T13:45:12.124251007Z emulator: INFO: boot time 27848 ms
2023-04-16T13:45:12.124255077Z emulator: Increasing screen off timeout, logcat buffer size to 2M.
2023-04-16T13:45:12.152557294Z emulator: Revoking microphone permissions for Google App. The container logs are not much help here either, because you can't see the Appium logs. Now let's try to enable them. To do this, let's look at the script : entry point.sh ...
if [ -z "$VERBOSE" ]; then
    APPIUM_ARGS="$APPIUM_ARGS --log-level error"
else
    EMULATOR_ARGS="$EMULATOR_ARGS -verbose"
fi
... To enable Appium logs, the parameters and : must be passed to the container: VERBOSE=true APPIUM_ARGS=--log-level debug {

  "android": {

    "default": "10.0",

    "versions": {

      "10.0": {

        ...

        "env": [

          "VERBOSE=true",

          "APPIUM_ARGS=--log-level debug"

        ]

        ...

      }

    }

  }

} To enable Appium to debug logs, you need to pass VERBOSE; in this case, the emulator logs turn on and start filling the "ether"” But we fixed that for future images =) Now it is enough to pass to . APPIUM_ARGS=-log-level debug ...
[HTTP] --> POST /wd/hub/session/c89fa9c2-ca2b-49cd-ab31-590eeccf77d1/element
[HTTP] {"using":"id","value":"authorization_edittext_phone"}
[debug] [W3C (c89fa9c2)] Calling AppiumDriver.findElement() with args: ["id","authorization_edittext_phone","
c89fa9c2-ca2b-49cd-ab31-590eeccf77d1"]
[debug] [BaseDriver] Valid locator strategies for this request: xpath, id, class name, accessibility id, -and
roid uiautomator
[debug] [BaseDriver] Waiting up to 0 ms for condition
[debug] [WD Proxy] Matched '/element' to command name 'findElement'
[debug] [WD Proxy] Proxying [POST /element] to [POST http://127.0.0.1:8200/wd/hub/session/65943f03-3b35-4d3eb221-d6dc7988f935/element] with body: {"strategy":"id","selector":
"authorization_edittext_phone","context":"","multiple":false}
[WD Proxy] Got response with status 404: {"sessionId":"65943f03-3b35-4d3e-b221-d6dc7988f935","value":{"error"
:"no such element","message":"An element could not be located on the page using the given search parameters","stacktrace":"io.appium.uiautomator2.common.exceptions.El
ementNotFoundException: An element could not be located on the page using the given search parameters\n\tat io.appium.uiautomator2.handler.FindElement.safeHandle(Find
Element.java:73)\n\tat io.appium.uiautomator2.handler.request.SafeRequestHandler.handle(SafeRequestHandler.java:41)\n\tat io.appium.uiautomator2.server.AppiumServlet.
handleRequest(AppiumServlet.java:253)\n\tat io.appium.uiautomator2.server.AppiumServlet.handleHttpRequest(AppiumServlet.java:247)\n\tat io.appium.uiautomator2.http.Se
rverHandler.channelRead(ServerHandler.java:68)\n\tat io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:366)\n\tat io
.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeChannelRead(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:352)\n\tat io.netty.chann...
[debug] [W3C] Matched W3C error code 'no such element' to NoSuchElementError
[debug] [W3C (c89fa9c2)] Encountered internal error running command: NoSuchElementError: An element could not
be located on the page using the given search parameters.
[debug] [W3C (c89fa9c2)]     at AndroidUiautomator2Driver.findElOrEls (/opt/node_modules/appium/node_modules/appium-android-driver/lib/commands/find.js:75:11)
[debug] [W3C (c89fa9c2)]     at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:68:7)
[HTTP] <-- POST /wd/hub/session/c89fa9c2-ca2b-49cd-ab31-590eeccf77d1/element 404 23 ms - 444
... As seen from the logs, Appium cannot find our element. Let's see what is happening on the emulator screen. To do this, we have to run the Selenoid UI: docker run -d \

           --name selenoid-ui \

           -p 8080:8080 \

           --link selenoid:selenoid \

           aerokube/selenoid-ui:1.10.4 \

           --selenoid-uri "http://selenoid:4444" Go to and open the Selenoid UI: http://0.0.0.0:8080 Be sure to enable VNC and video recording in the tests: ...

capabilities.setCapability("enableVNC", true)

capabilities.setCapability("enableVideo", true)

... The Selenoid startup command ends up looking like this: docker run -d \

-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \

-v "(pwd)/selenoid/logs/":/opt/selenoid/logs/ \

-v /opt/selenoid/video/:/opt/selenoid/video/ \

-e OVERRIDE_VIDEO_OUTPUT_DIR="/opt/selenoid/video/" \

-p 4444:4444 \

-name selenoid \

aerokube/selenoid:1.10.7 \

-log-output-dir /opt/selenoid/logs Open the Selenoid UI once the tests are up and running: And here's . a video of it https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hm7s5ZjnVYQ&embedable=true We found the cause of the startup error. Great! Let’s move on. The third run. Building an emulator image As it turns out, the images of Selenoid emulators won’t work without Google Play services. To remedy this situation, you must build an emulator image yourself. The guys from aerokube have assembled everything you need for this: and . a repository with photos documentation the repository. Downloading Go to the folder. selenium Run the script and answer the questions. This is what it looks like in our case: ./automate_android.sh Specify Appium version: [1.18.1]

>> 1.18.1

Specify Android image type (possible values: "default", "google_apis", "google_apis_playstore", "android-tv", "android-wear"): [default]

>> google_apis

Specify Application Binary Interface (possible values: "armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a", "x86", "x86_64"): [x86]

>> x86

Specify Android version: [8.1]

>> 10.0

Specify device preset name if needed (e.g. "Nexus 4"):

>>

Specify SD card size, Mb: [500]

>>

Specify userdata.img size, Mb: [500]

>>

Are you building a Chrome Mobile image (for mobile web testing): [n]

>> y

Specify Chromedriver version if needed (required for Chrome Mobile):

>> 74.0.3729.6

Specify image tag: [selenoid/chrome-mobile:74.0]

>> android-emulator:10.0

Add Android quick boot snapshot? [y]

>> n When I saw the question Add Android quick boot snapshot?, I thought it was an emulator . But if you look at the , it calls a , which is needed to install APK applications. Basically, it doesn't give us any gain. snapshot code script We already use snapshot emulators , but we'll talk about that in other articles. to speed up container launches Once the image is built, we will be prompted to push it into the registry. Since we don't need that yet, we will kindly decline the offer: Push?  >> n We have put together a build with Google Play services. Remember to change the image parameter in browsers.json, and restart Selenoid. Now let's try rerunning the tests: [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ And of the test run. here’s a video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-uzB7hg7g8&t=1s&embedable=true To sum up What we have done: Configured Selenoid to run Android tests. Learned how to check out the logs and videos to troubleshoot. Built our own emulator image with Google Play services. Something else I would like to tell you about: Selenoid timeouts. If your app is large, you might run into problems with timeouts. How we tried making the container run faster. The video shows that the run takes about a minute or so. How we tried running native Android tests written in Espresso on Selenoid. Spoiler alert: this works! Meanwhile, in the next part, we'll tell you how we scaled up the infrastructure and ran tests on iOS.

How to Run 5000+ Tests on Mobile Devices Everyday; From inDrive's Playbook (Part 1)

কিভাবে প্রতিদিন মোবাইল ডিভাইসে 5000+ পরীক্ষা চালাবেন; ইনড্রাইভের প্লেবুক থেকে (পর্ব 1)

So führen Sie täglich über 5000 Tests auf Mobilgeräten durch; Aus dem Playbook von inDrive (Teil 1)

Cómo ejecutar más de 5000 pruebas en dispositivos móviles todos los días; Del libro de jugadas de InDrive (Parte 1)

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मोबाइल उपकरणों पर प्रतिदिन 5000+ परीक्षण कैसे करें; इनड्राइव की प्लेबुक से (भाग 1)

モバイルデバイスで毎日 5000 件以上のテストを実行する方法; InDrive のプレイブックより (パート 1)

매일 모바일 장치에서 5000개 이상의 테스트를 실행하는 방법 inDrive의 플레이북(1부)에서

Como executar mais de 5.000 testes em dispositivos móveis todos os dias; Do manual do InDrive (parte 1)

Her Gün Mobil Cihazlarda 5000'den Fazla Test Nasıl Çalıştırılır; inDrive'ın Başucu Kitabı'ndan (Bölüm 1)

Cách chạy hơn 5000 bài kiểm tra trên thiết bị di động mỗi ngày; Từ Playbook của InDrive (Phần 1)

如何每天在移动设备上运行 5000 多个测试；来自 InDrive 的剧本（第 1 部分）

To experience virtual reality's brain impact, I eagerly put on the VR headset. My first VR gaming experience immediately blew me away. Previously, I had been stuck at home during the pandemic, and decided this was the perfect time to explore VR, and boy! This experience was unlike any of my previous gaming experiences! The virtual world around me felt incredibly immersive, engaging all of my senses. The sounds of birds chirping and the rustling of leaves in the wind filled my ears as if I were truly outside. The distant hum of traffic and the occasional honk of a car horn added to the realism. I could even smell the fresh-cut grass and the delicate scent of flowers wafting through the virtual air. My footsteps echoed softly on the pavement, and the gravel crunched beneath my feet, creating a realistic sense of movement. As I looked with amazement, I realized I could perceive the depth and volume of the virtual environment and objects around me. This was far more immersive than sophisticated 3D graphics rendered on a flat 2D monitor. Eventually, I stumbled upon a virtual game that placed you atop a building with a plank, enabling you to jump off the building. I felt the wind brush against my face and heard it whistle in my ears as I moved closer to the plank. The height seemed so real that my heart pounded in my chest, and my palms became sweaty. I knew jumping off wouldn’t be a problem as this environment was safe and simulated. However, it still felt real, and all my instincts screamed at me not to jump. As I hesitated, the wind picked up. My palms became sweatier as I worked up the courage to override my natural instincts and jump off the virtual building. Eventually, I did so, screaming all the way. The rush of air enveloped me, and I could feel the exhilarating sensation of falling, even though I was still in my living room. What a rush! But then I thought: "What if someone pushed me off a virtual building or forced me to experience a simulated traumatic situation?" After going through my VR experience, it was clear to me that virtual reality's brain impact on our mental health was a real possibility. The Traumatic Effects of Virtual Reality’s Brain Impact Suppose a simulated VR experience could cause us to experience real emotions and physiological symptoms. Can we develop severe trauma from the harmful effects of virtual reality? What would happen if other human players virtually attacked me in a hyper-realistic and intense VR multiplayer game? Denny Unger, CEO, and creative director of Cloudhead Games, warned that a high level of realism in virtual attacks could lead to severe consequences, such as heart attacks and deaths in some individuals. “I have some pretty strong views on this” … “The low hanging fruit of VR, to me, is horror games that purposely do jump scares. We’re very close to having the first death in VR — I firmly believe that” — Denny Unger All of this points to a chance that some of us may have a medical or psychological condition triggered by a hyper-realistic traumatic VR experience — with potentially fatal consequences. Negative Behavior Desensitization through Virtual Reality’s Brain Impact Never before has a media platform been so immersive that our brains have trouble distinguishing between the real and the virtual. The exact mechanism that assists people in through exposure and desensitization in VR could encourage negative behaviors in people. overcoming their trauma A on chronic violent video game exposure and desensitization to violence showed that even brief exposure to media violence could lead to desensitization. study Would someone with psychopathic or sociopathic tendencies be able to distinguish between what is right or wrong if they spend all day immersed in a hyper-realistic virtual world where they can act out their dark fantasies? Would one of the side effects of virtual reality result in being unable to feel empathy for the consequences of performing dark acts? After all, there are some things that we shouldn’t lose empathy and sensitivity to— in order to keep our ethical and moral compass aligned. Furthermore, has shown that no desensitization to violence can account for changes in aggression in a person. research However, it's important to note that many on exposure to media violence only studied the effects of traditional media technologies like videos and non-VR games. This means that more research on VR’s long-term side effects, its impact on violence, and changes in real-world levels of aggression is needed. studies While we await further research, we should err on the side of caution when it comes to VR and its impact on our relationship with negative behaviors. Dissociating With the Real World Some experts speculate that long-term exposure to VR could trigger a — a psychological condition where one is detached from one’s sense of self. depersonalization-derealization disorder In 2006, the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Montreal that one of the negatives of VR was that it made people feel more dissociated and reduced people’s sense of presence in the real world. found In an about virtual reality's brain impact, after a long VR session, a VR enthusiast recalls the following: article “I was just completely unable to hold a conversation. Though I don’t think I looked it, I like I was sitting there, mouth agape with a big line of drool and just white noise playing in my brain.” felt Depersonalization and derealization could result in someone feeling like they are losing control over their physical bodies and prefer the stronger feeling of control over their virtual avatars. Someone addicted to, and constantly engaged in long VR sessions may suffer from this virtual reality's brain impact. This could cause them to neglect their personal lives, health, and relationships in favor of the virtual world. Shallower Social Connections in VR? During my VR adventures, I was not surprised when I discovered a whole community of VR enthusiasts socializing more online than in real life. This community only grew larger during the COVID lockdowns, which saw many people turning to the virtual world in the absence of real socialization. This led me to explore the popular VR socialization platform, VR Chat, during the pandemic. In this amazing platform, I could jump around various “rooms” in VR Chat — encountering different environments and people. Eventually, I made a few virtual friends across the globe, as we hung out together in fantastic virtual environments. However, as the lockdowns lifted, I went out more and logged on to VR Chat less. Soon, I lost touch with these virtual friends and this made me question if the social bonds formed within these virtual worlds were as strong as real face-to-face bonds in the real world. In psychologist John R Suler’s book “ ”, John describes how cyberspace accelerates the perception of time and therefore speeds up the social processes of forming relationships between individuals and groups. The Psychology of the Digital Age With a sped-up social process, John speculated that this could lead to a quick fizzling out of the relationships that we form online — as quickly as they started. However, that hasn’t stopped people from socializing in VR. Suppose we all neglected our real-world social bonds over these “fair-weather” virtual relationships. Would this lead to an atrophying of our real-world social skills and relationships? Empathy and Therapy: Positive Effects of Virtual Reality’s Brain Impact Despite my sounding like a Luddite in the throes of a moral panic, it’s clear that VR has plenty of amazing, positive things to offer. Researchers, supported by Seoul National University and the Colorado Public School of Health, that virtual reality's brain impact on your self-esteem and body image creates a malleable body image that your virtual body or avatar influences. found Thus, seeing your virtual avatar from the first person or through a virtual mirror will allow your brain to subconsciously feel another person’s emotions with a different body type — thus enhancing your empathy for the person. With VR, you can “walk a mile in someone’s shoes.” An example of this is the 360-degree video “ .” It is an 8-minute, 360-degree video project inside a Syrian refugee camp in northern Jordan. Clouds Over Sidra Clouds Over Sidra allows you to experience the sound and sights of the refugee camp — simulating the experience of being inside the camp itself. Viewers who shared this video experience had tears in their eyes as they experienced the emotions of being displaced and living in a difficult environment. Chris Milk, a co-creator of Clouds Over Sidra, had this to say about VR as an empathic tool: “If these aspects of “narrative technology” can be successfully applied, then immersive media’s promise as potential “empathy machines” capable of triggering a sense of connection between user/participant(s) and the people or events presented “ — Chris Milk VR’s value as an educational empathy tool was further highlighted by reading the book “ ” by Samuel Greengard. In the book, an experiment simulating color blindness led to participants increasing their likelihood of helping people who were color blind — after feeling what it was like to be color blind. Virtual Reality Additionally, VR has shown tremendous promise in mental health therapies like . By offering a safe, simulated environment, individuals can confront and manage their crippling phobias and anxieties more effectively. phobia exposure therapy Jimmy Castellanos, a Gulf War veteran suffering from PTSD symptoms, had this to say about his VR : PTSD exposure therapy “I would cry for the entire session,” he says. “I’d get home and couldn’t study. I’d cry myself to sleep. It was exhausting….You go over the story over and over again. I got so bored with my own story that it no longer elicited a reaction.” Moreover, the Psychology Department of the University of Tennessee conducted a in which they discovered that VR pain management therapies could potentially be a pain management alternative and address the opioid crisis in the United States. study The researchers also found that their study participants reported an average decrease in pain of 60% between pre-session and during the experience. So far, everything has led me to conclude that, despite virtual reality's brain impact, we can harness it as a force for good in society. However, what can we, as individuals and as a society, do to embrace the positive aspects of VR while mitigating its negatives? Striking a Balance: Finding a Responsible Approach to VR Throughout my journey in VR, I was convinced that VR is a powerful technology, with plenty of potential for good, but has a great impact on our brains and mental health. We should lobby VR content developers to self-regulate and avoid developing VR experiences that are too intense. Moreover, it should be standard VR development practice to enforce breaks from the virtual content. Meta, the company betting big on the VR Metaverse, only using their Quest 2 headset for a few minutes before gradually increasing the time spent in VR. Additionally, during long VR sessions, Meta will advise you to take 10 to 15-minute breaks — even if you feel fine. recommends We must also lobby policymakers to do their part in ensuring responsible VR industry standards. Policymakers can work with the VR industry to develop a rating standard to inform the public about the risks. Such a rating standard will guide the public on age-appropriate VR content and warn people about health conditions that VR may trigger. Regarding responsible VR use in mental health, we must spread awareness and education on the dangers of self-medicating with VR therapies. This is due to the positive and negative potential of virtual reality's brain impact. Self-prescribing VR therapy without fully understanding your condition may lead to more harm than good. A more responsible approach would be to allow professional psychologists to assess you to develop an individualized VR treatment. Furthermore, as the technology for VR gets better, cheaper, and more readily available, we should encourage and raise awareness for more funding in the research on the long-term effects of virtual reality's brain impact—  to better understand and use VR responsibly. Conclusion As I reflect on my journey through virtual reality's immersive and captivating realm, I am grateful for how VR has enriched my life. It has brought a sense of wonder and excitement that is difficult to replicate in our everyday reality. However, I am also acutely aware of virtual reality's brain impact, and the delicate balance required to maintain a healthy relationship with this powerful technology. Sometimes I found myself lost in the virtual world —  neglecting the people and responsibilities that truly matter. Therefore, while the allure of the digital space can sometimes be overwhelming, it’s crucial to stay grounded and remember the importance of our life outside of the virtual realm. So, as you embark on your own virtual adventures, remember to cherish the connections and moments that make up your authentic life, while exploring the boundless possibilities that VR offers. Happy VR exploring! Featured Photo by Minh Pham on Unsplash

Virtual Reality's Brain Impact: What I Learned During My Eye-Opening Exploration of VR

Let's learn about via these 17 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Elixir /Learn Repo 1. How learning Elixir helped me build a SaaS for Marketers In 2019, I was looking for a project. 2. Functional Programming is a Lie Or a small rant against Elixir. 3. ShlinkedIn: A Fun Social Network Built On Open Source In honor of Open Source Month, I am writing about ShlinkedIn: A parody open source site built on Phoenix LiveView/Elixir that is like LinkedIn doe funny people 4. Everything You Need to Know About Using Elixir for Web Development The Erlang VM-based programming language, Elixir, is slowly but surely gaining popularity. Let's take a look at some benefits of Elixir development. 5. How Rust and Elixir Read Ethereum and other EVM Smart Contracts: Functional Programming & Blockchain I am going to show the function of reading Ethereum Smart Contract by Elixir&Rust in this article 6. How I learned Elixir and Launched a Product in 60 days The concepts behind Erlang/OTP/Elixir make it a great fit for a tool like the one I was building 7. Performance Battle: Quarkus vs Phoenix At my job, I am evaluating some microservices platform options. A good way to test them is doing some benchmarks. Everybody likes benchmarks. So, why not? 8. Generate a PDF from HTML [A How To Guide feat. Elixir] By the end of this article, you should have a working mix project that can generate a PDF from an HTML template and json payload. 9. A Look at Using Elixir Streams, Elasticsearch & AWS S3 Utilizing Elixir Streams, Elasticsearch, and AWS S3 10. You Will Thank Us Later: The Hidden Waffle Secrets You Need To Know Do you work on Elixir projects that need to handle file uploads from users? 11. Why Mutable Developers are Essential for Learning New Paradigms The process to learn functional programming can be daunting and slow as new concepts are involved. Here are 5 tips for you to consider when learning FP. 12. 3 Things I Learned in 1 Year Working with Functional Programming Just like the great majority of programming-related courses, I was introduced to programming with the object-oriented paradigm (OOP). Even though many languages are multi-paradigm, like Python, C++, JavaScript and Ruby, we still have OOP as the norm. 13. "Elixir is Great for Everything that Runs on Top of a Socket" - José Valim, Creator of Elixir Evrone is not just a custom software development company, we also stay highly connected with local and international communities. We organize the annual Ruby Russia conference, a huge event featuring expert guests. 14. Building Elixir Applications as systemd Services Build your projects with Nspawn 15. Introduction to ADN: API Delivery Network A CDN designed for APIs with pre-heating and real-time purges, that sits in front of all our API servers, always serving a hit and never a miss. 16. A Look Ahead to Programming Languages in 2020 Python and JavaScript are the two hottest programming languages today. However, they cannot remain on top forever. Eventually, they must fall out of favour, as all languages do. This is likely to happen within the next decade or so. 17. Basic Elixir Api Guide Elixir represents relatively new programming language for wider audience. It was published back in 2011, and is in development ever since. His main trait is that adops functional pardigm because it is built on top of Erlang and runs on BEAM(Erlang VM). Thank you for checking out the 17 most read stories about Elixir on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

17 Stories To Learn About Elixir

Uniswap has revolutionized crypto by introducing the concept of DEXes. However, the platform has also created a new risk for users that provide liquidity to them called Impermanent Losses. Impermanent Losses (IL) are commonly known but do not get serious attention from most liquidity providers. Around 49.5% of the Uniswap v3 liquidity providers not only cannot make a profit due to high IL, but they also lose money at the end. For all of these investors, it will be without investing and wait for a moment when they will grow. This solution looks counter-intuitive when we can see APY around 30% in some Uniswap v3 pools. But the data show that higher APY is also commonly paired with higher ILs. more profitable to hold their tokens In most pools, IL is bigger than the rewards that this pool can generate from fees. On average, IL is 130% of the fees that pools earn. It means that even in pools with high trading volume and big TVL, an average liquidity provider (LP) cannot expect to make any profit. How to be in plus Even if half of the investors are losing money, another half is making them. There are main solutions that investors can use to make their investment profitable: “ ” is known as a popular solution to reduce LPs. Theoretical traders or smart contracts that adjust their position 24/7 could make their investment profitable in most of the pools, but in reality, it is not so straightforward. Data shows that, on average, users, who actively monitor and adjust their positions daily, lose 70% more than those who hold their position for a month or more. Rebalancing your position for months looks more profitable on average. But still, such LPs experience impermanent losses of around 110% of the fees they earn. It means that if the trader is patient enough, he can take a good spot to capture his impermanent losses at the best time when they will be lower than fees. Holding The most promising solution is to to invest in. But choosing such pools is very hard. Except for the size, these pools do not have any pattern. Around 17% of analyzed pools have produced more fees than IL to their holders. They all have mid-size TVLs between $2m — $8m. Pools have purely altcoin pairs on par with stablecoin-to-altcoin pairs. Fees also vary, between 1% and 0.3%. Only advanced analytics can give signs, which pools in reality make money. choose the right pool A consistently profitable solution is also known but is even harder to implement than the previous one. allows for earning positive returns in all pools. It is done by providing liquidity for a single block, absorbing fees from upcoming trades, then instantly removing their position. LPs that use JIT can earn rewards while not experiencing any Impermanent Losses. But such a solution can be profitable only for a large amount of money. Just-In-Time (JIT) liquidity provision I will describe each solution in depth further. Each has pros and cons, which you must consider before investing. Research excludes stablecoin-only pools, as they commonly do not have noticeable impermanent losses. Before we begin This post is based on one of the most in DeFi. Our team analyzed this research to more deeply understand impermanent losses. I decided to share our findings in the hope that they will help someone save money on investments. This post is not financial advice of any kind, and any mentioned protocols and data are provided only for information purposes. Also, while the research was conducted 4.5 months after the Uniswap v3 launch, TVL and volumes in the protocol have grown since then. On the other hand, ratios are very similar and can still be used to understand how to deal with ILs. I extrapolated most of the numbers to make them easier to compare. detailed research on Impermanent Losses Why “active” investors lose more Around a quarter of liquidity providers use rebalancing strategies to reduce impermanent losses, but on average, they only increase their impermanent losses. the a Notice “flash” bar? It is Just-In-Time (JIT) liquidity position. I will explain them in detail further in the post. In the chart, 1d-1w means the account had positions that were active for over one day and less than one week. If the position was adjusted daily or weekly, impermanent losses still significantly outperform fees. All of them, on average, experience IL of around 1.8x higher than the fees they captured. The hourly or monthly adjusted positions look better, but they are still negative. Only positions that have existed for more than a month are close to being positive. They have a ratio of IL to fees of around 1,1x. It gives enough confidence to expect in the long run, holding position can be positive. Investors can find the right moment when the position ratio will return close enough to the initial ratio while collected fees will overcome resulting ILs. But it also means that we cannot expect high returns on investments, with such a high chance of investments being negative. Expected results for investors that actively rebalance their position are much smaller IL than for passive holders, but in reality, we can see the opposite picture. There is always a chance that “active” investors weren’t trying to optimize their position. Still, the most likely variant is that they failed to react to pool condition changes fastly enough and optimize their position precisely enough. Which type of Impermanent Losses are possible to minimize Rebalancing actually cannot remove all ILs, but only a specific type. Types of Impermanent Losses The minimal IL — is a loss that the position suffers while it is in the position price range. While position earns fees, the price in a pool changes, which means asset ratios also change. When the price falls out of the range, the position is only left with one asset and not earning trading fees until the price reenters the range. The difference between the dollar value of the current asset amount and the initial position is a minimal impermanent loss. This IL is unavoidable but can be reduced by decreasing the position price range. The out-of-range IL — is a loss that the position incurred when the pool price exceeds the position price range. While the position ratio is frozen in overweight to the falling asset, the position does not earn any fees. The difference between the dollar value of the initially supplied position and the frozen position is the out-of-range impermanent loss. This loss can be avoided without any losses in profit by withdrawing the position after it goes out of range and repositioning it back with a new ratio. The actual IL — is simply the sum of the minimal IL and the out-of-range IL. It is an end IL that liquidity provider faces. Any rebalancing strategy cannot remove impermanent losses at all, but it can remove out-of-range IL. It means that the strategy captures minimal ILs, which can lead to increasing ILs instead of reducing them in some situations. Also, rebalancing requires a fast reaction to price changes. But even if all actions are implemented properly and in time, it still does not mean that the liquidity provider will have positive returns. In some pools, minimal IL is bigger than the fees this IL produces anyway. The chart shows the difference between IL and fees captured by pools. The blue column shows fees, while the orange shows the actual ILs. A white line marks the minimum IL. You can see already the third by total fees pool, WBTC-WETH, with a 0.3% fee level, has minimal IL bigger than the generated fees. Problems with rebalancing do not stop with choosing the right pool. The first part of rebalancing is withdrawal, which means we “crystalize” the impermanent losses we already have, meaning they are no longer impermanent. At this moment, we already need to have a bigger amount of fees collected than IL, which we capture. Additionally, rebalancing requires the position to be in the ideal size range: After withdrawal, we must swap part of the token to reach the initial position distribution. This swap on big positions can cause substantial price slippage, creating higher losses than IL itself. In the end, we need to deposit a new position, which gives us a total of three transactions per rebalancing cycle. The gas costs of all these transactions can make them useless for small positions. Even if, on each iteration, investors correctly identify the right moment to make rebalancing and always make it with minimal slippage and acceptable transaction fees. It is not enough to reach this theoretical “white line” of minimal impermanent losses. To be able always to sustain these theoretical ILs, the position must be monitored and adjusted 24/7. All these requirements make rebalancing useful only in an automated way. This fact was noticed long ago, and many smart contract protocols already automate rebalancing for their holders. For example, one of the biggest is , specifically focusing on Uniswap v3 rebalancing. https://arrakis.finance Good VS Bad pools You probably already noticed that some pools produced more fees than actual ILs. These pools are rare. Only 3 of 17 analyzed pools have IL lower than fees. It made their LP much more likely to have positive returns. But not only does IL contribute to the probability of having a positive return on investment (ROI) in the pool, but also the volume of transactions and fees level in the pool. It is logical that if the level of the fees we know, IL and volume is hard to predict. In the chart, only 6 pools have a number of positive LPs higher than 50%. On the total average, both negative and positive LPs are between 40–60%. It means if we invest without confidence in pool returns, we can expect a negative return with almost 50% probability. Also, the bigger percentage of positive returns logically causes a bigger percentage of returns to investors. On the left chart, you can see the mean positive return (green) and mean negative return (red) per wallet. As you can see, they’re hard to notice any pattern between pools with higher returns. Positive and negative pools equally have altcoins and stablecoins in pairs. The pool with the best average positive return is FTM-WETH with a 1% fee, which generated a 2.6% ROI. These returns were collected for the first 4.5 months of Uniswap v3 work. This translates to a yield of about 6.9% APY. It is good, but not 20% ROI or 53% APY, which this pool generates directly in fees before IL. You can see a significant difference between the ROI of pools before and after impermanent losses in the next chart. This chart shows the total ROI which pools generated before any impermanent losses. You can see on top WETH-USDT pool with a 0.3% fee. This pool generates over 30% ROI in the first 4.5 months, which is around 80% APY. But also in the previous chart, we sow the average positive return in this pool is 0.9% ROI, which is just 2.4% APY. And it is even good cases. Around half of the users in this pool lost, on average 1.8% of the invested money. It is enough serious sign that before investing in DEXes like Uniswap need check not only average fees APY but also average IL. This problem is known but only partly solved. One of the best yield analytics tools, , currently provides APY and IL analytics only for Uniswap v2. And also, provide APY analytics for Uniswap v3, but it doesn’t cover ILs. https://apy.vision/ https://defillama.com/ This analytics can be valuable to understand and expect APY in other DEXes as well. It, of course, is not enough to make predictions in the future, but enough to decline variants that are lucrative only at first glance. Why does Just-In-Time liquidity not have IL? JIT liquidity is a specific type of liquidity-providing strategy. This strategy is executed only in an automated way, with the help of smart contracts and Flashbot auctions. This strategy requires monitoring all swap transactions in Uniswap v3 pools. When there found a big enough transaction, which had not yet been processed: LP sends a transaction with bigger fees than the target swap transaction. This new transaction deposit liquidity is concentrated exactly around the price range where the swap will be executed. The deposit transaction will be executed before the swap transaction but in the same block. LP lets the swap execute and receives a fee in return for providing liquidity to the swap. After the swap, LP places a withdrawal transaction. This transaction removes all provided liquidity with collected fees. Even if this transaction is executed after the swap, it is still in the same block. There is an example of one of the cycles. All three transactions are executed in the same . block After all the transactions are executed, LP is left with earned fees and a portfolio of tokens, with the ratio changed from the initial one. This difference still introduces the risk of ILs. To remove this risk completely, LP executes alternative swap transactions in parallel on another exchange with a lower swap fee. This swap exchanges tokens in reverse proportion to return the total balance ratio to the initial one. While all of these operations allow removing of impermanent losses, they are also very costly: Two deposit/withdraw transactions with slightly high fees for miners to execute in the target block. Reverse swap fee, together with a small transaction fee. In total, they make JIT liquidity profitable only on high amounts of money. This is probably one of the main reasons why JIT does not get high popularity. The chart shows the total amount of JIT liquidity supplied in Uniswap v3 over time, between 5 May 2021 and 18 July 2022. JIT liquidity provided a total of over $2bn dollars of liquidity, but it is just ~0.3% of all Uniswap v3 liquidity during this period. Even that, over 95% of JIT liquidity was supplied by one single account. While, economically, JIT liquidity can be profitable, there is no available solution to use it. How DeFi is Solving Impermanent Losses Impermanent losses are a pain point for investors in DeFi. However, existing projects can only reduce ILs for liquidity providers in specific scenarios. At Eonian, we believe eliminating impermanent losses is critical to prepare DeFi for mass adoption. New users should not have to worry about IL when investing in DeFi. This is why we decided to build a yield aggregator that distributes liquidity in the most profitable way for liquidity providers. Our protocol will simultaneously use rebalancing, insurance, buffers, and JIT liquidity to remove impermanent losses. More info Research “ ” Impermanent Loss in Uniswap v3 Uniswap team post “ ” Just-in-time Liquidity on the Uniswap Protocol Also published . here

Half of Uniswap v3 Users Lose Money — Here's Why

THE TWO WESTERN REPUBLICS

Welcome to modern game theory. You have a choice: act in your own best interest (cooperate with the cops) or the group’s best interest (remain silent). You decide to look out for numero uno and, BAM! Sentenced to 5 years instead of 365 days because everyone else decided to snitch too. That’s the “ ” and pretty much what’s happening to Hashmasks, minus the penal life. Why is that? Prisoner’s Dilemma Roots and Graphs The Hashmasks launched in January 2021 as a complete visual art and incomplete literary art project with the goal to merge the collector and collected. Its ERC-20 Name Change Token ( ) innovated unique collector-creator ERC-721 name traits. A Hashmasks token canvas can be used to hold 1 unique name, up to 25 characters for 1,830 NCT + gas fees. Rename as much as you have 1,830 NCT + ETH for gas per name. NCT Hashmask began with 10 years of producing 10 NCT per day. On January 2031, all NCT production goes to 0, forever. At the time of mint, it was been possible for the completed Hashmasks art to contain a maximum of up to 9,011,200 characters. At 1,800 characters per standard page that’s about the size of Wikipedia in 2009. The Founders figured hype around the launch would be weak without a bonus to jumpstart naming so every minted ERC-721 token got an NCT bonus equal to one year’s worth, enough for 2 names. Or maybe it was so that the plebs wouldn’t have to watch whales farm NCT to create the best name traits first. Note: there wasn’t going to be a bonus on any Hashmask tokens that didn’t mint out. Hashmasks minted out, and the free brushes to write on a Hashmask canvas were a success. Naming mooned. Millions of NCT were burned per day. It looked like the 16,384-piece illustrated novel was going to be written as fast as NCT was produced. And then, something happened. Community members decided it wasn’t in their best interest to burn NCT to complete the art. Now, 2 names is a busy day for NCT. No naming meant NCT hyper-inflation and hyper-inflation REKT the price of NCT. Look at NCT supply moon while NCT destroyed is flat. The on-chain analysis says project participation, aka NCT demand, is weak. Makes sense that the Hashmasks floor price gets punished. A Hashmask is the canvas that NCT gives access to. The market prices floor Hashmasks in the range of 100-200K NCT. Typewriter factories lost value when people stopped using typewriters. Think of NCT as the typewriter. The ERC-721 visual art token is like a factory that produces NCT and can store NCT products, unique name traits. There’s no hiding what’s going on at the web3 typewriter factory. NCT use, naming, is the on-chain metric the world uses to verify Hashmasks project participation. Dear reader can decide whether: (a) the ERC-20 wags the ERC-721’s tail or the other way around and (b) will that change after January 2031, when NCT is no longer being minted? “… participate in one of the largest collaborative NFT art projects in existence.” Hashmaskers get great visual art and access to a canvas that turns ordinary owners into “founding creators.” What does it mean to be a founding creator and what makes a Hashmask token owner want to be one? We know what it takes to become one. The time, ETH, and NCT opportunity costs haven’t completely stopped Hashmasks naming. Hashmaskers still roll out names to troll banks, capture a desirable 1/1 proper noun, build a unique naming evolution, brand or record historic events. Is that really enough to be considered ? founding creators Full stop, answer yes or no: An owner who names a Hashmask is a founding creator because the , as it says in the Manifesto. Hashmasks merges the creator and the consumer of the art piece into one Yes, - continue reading No, Hashmasks is a rug and so is web3 - stop reading Drinking a Bottle of the World’s Oldest Champagne, Tragedy of the Uncommons Economics and game theory overlap with . Once upon a time there was a forest full of trees and nothing stopping the Commons from cutting down all the trees to build stuff. You guessed correct. The forest without logging limits was no more because individuals served their self-interests. Sad trombone, everyone ended up worse off long-term. Tragedy of the Commons Resource + Demand + Low/no barriers to consumption = Resource used up, Everyone worse off The is a Tragedy of the . Hashmasker’s Dilemma Uncommons Theoretically Hashmasker’s must wait to accumulate enough NCT before it can be claimed and used to name (time barrier to consumption). In reality, there are LPs on Uniswap and Sushiswap (economic barrier). Trees are renewable. They’ll grow back if you don’t cut them all down. NCT is finite. Less than 700 million will ever exist. When a Common jacks a bunch of trees to build a house, the community gets hosed. When a Hashmask is named, the value of that burned NCT is redistributed to all the other NCT (scarcity) and ERC-721 token owners of a more complete artwork. Every time a Hashmask is named, value is redistributed to all owners in the form of a more complete literary art project and increased naming scarcity (NCT number go up). Here’s an IRL example. Divers pulled up 30 bottles of 18th Century champagne from the Baltic Sea in 2010 and promptly drank one. That was one less bottle of the world’s oldest champagne there would ever be. The remaining bottles all became more sought after and valuable. Such a fine year 2021 was for . Cheers UnCommons, to burning the world’s oldest on-chain naming utility token!! Now, how to get demand up?! Monnaie qui Change de Nom A Hashmasks Owner For Every Season Flippers aside, Hashmask owners come in 4 flavors, sort of. Just like IRL life, we’re not all 1 or the other. My collection is a mix of 3 flavors, like . Neapolitan/Harlequin Hang out in the Hashmasks Discord long enough and you are bound to see the most famous Virgin Maskooor of all, moonman66. To the best of my recollection, dear moonman was the first to champion the value of holding virgin Hashmasks. Definitions vary. The most extreme, and least accepted, is that said Hashmask can’t have ever left the wallet it was minted from. The general consensus seems to be that one day, unnamed tokens with all their NCT unclaimed will be a separate intra-Hashmasks thing. Naming non-participant owners are the biggest blocker to completing the Hashmasks art. In full disclosure, there’s 1 virgin mask in my collection and not naming it for at least the next 8.5 years is part of my individual strategy. The reader is encouraged: DYOR, Do Your Own Research! My guess is that after January 2031 some virgin masks will go up for sale. Virgin Maskooors are diamond hands playing a long game until at least 2031, when NCT is no longer minted. For the most part they’re not interested in selling soon. That’s my observation anyway and, we salute you! fans head this way. Highlander This is for the clique. Maybe it’s naming to establish a brand. It could be that visual art commands a certain literary component. The Perfect Nameooor burns NCT to tailor-fit a name meant to last. there can be only one Look at the Hashmask, Gas mask filters are color-coded to indicate what they protect against. Orange coded protective filters are for those times when you’re not trying to breath radioactive iodine, to include radioactive methyl iodine. Iodine gas is a purple color, just like the ERC-721’s background. Avoid the violet cloud. It’s as if our character is surrounded by radioactive iodine in the air and is wearing a gas mask to protect himself. Iodine. That perfect union of visual and literary art, it is a name trait match that arguably adds more value than any other name could. Iodine is the Hashmasks illustrated novel page 2,058 art complete✔. The market could devalue Iodine if the token was renamed to include another entry in the naming history, especially a name unrelated to the gas mask filter protection. Sought after harmonized visual and literary art gems like these leave 21 names on the table for other artists to pick up. 312/16,384 Hashmasks are red, orange, grey or blue pixel gasmasks. What do each of them protect against? On-chain typos do happen. Here’s one and the Chad who made it the example to remember. Notice the extra ? n Your name. Two weeks pass of thinking that bit of artistry was quite clever. The name pops in the Discord, “Unnamed.” That’s when it hits, you made an on-chain typo. Top it off with the fact that this Chad named a Hashmask token that had never had the NCT claimed. This is Hashmask with all its NCT is blockchain performance art. The Virgin Maskooor abides. Let’s revisit in January 2031. Unnamed Meet the Perfect Nameooor’s opposite. The Renameooor knows that low-effort naming can hurt a token’s marketability. Dope names that really fit the mask or evoke feelings through an event or persona can get more attention. Renameoor is the owner-artist operating your local Hashmasks literary art repair shop, pulling Masks from LPs and the floor. They go up for sale with a literary skills tax and charge for boring out the articulators. A Renameooor could also be playing the market for well-named masks. Recently there was a fox mask taken out of the NFTX LP and renamed. Slapping the new name, “Foxy,” made the token more desirable. This section had several Hashmasks that have been renamed. The purchase and renaming of this Hashy is featured because it so clearly marks an event and public figure. It’s a best piece to pivot from to the final kind of Hashmasker. . The Renameooor could end up using a lot of names for events in Stephen Curry’s career and becoming a Multi-Nameooor. The Multi-Nameooor fan becomes a literary creator pouring time, attention, ETH and NCT into creating an on-chain testament. Someone might even use more than the 22 names per Hashmask... ok, it hasn’t happened yet. All the toppings It could happen. It needs to. Considering how many names the Virgin Maskoors, Perfect Nameooors and Renameooors are going to burn NCT for names, it’s Multi-Nameooors who can change the game. The longest multi-naming we’ve seen is . It was a first. It enhanced the Hashmasks project with a piece of a public domain poem. It hasn’t been repeated and it’s also only 7 names long. That’s less than 1/3 the 22 names worth of NCT that Hashmasks get. See what kind of picture this is painting? Even if every Hashmask used 7 names the literary art would remain underwhelmingly incomplete. Away By the Sea It would be great to name a Hashmask more than 22 times. There’s just hasn’t been a rational reason to become a multi-nameooor on that level yet. Forget about triple-digit naming. It’s Multi-Nameooors can really change the game!! who name more than 22 times Would-be Hashmasks creatives need more motivation to redistribute ETH and NCT value to other players. Creator-founders who contributed 1 name’s worth and creator founders who contribute 183K NCT and 1 ETH in value added to the Hashmasks project get treated the same as owners who do not participate in naming. Dear Creator*- , thanks for spending your supplies + time to name, and paying a secondary sales fee.* Ouch. Founders The current rules of the game leave 1 rational choice for would be multi-nameooors: someone else can name like that. Breaking Out of the Hashmasker’s Dilemma This would not be the first time big brains have come together to help individuals reprioritize the common good over their own short-term self-interest. Look at the rules of the game. This isn’t a one and done deal. To name or not to name, that is the question that gets asked repeatedly. The Hashy name-game, like IRL economic and societal interactions, is a game of multiple iterations. Factor 1: players create incentives that build up over time, i.e. renaming poorly named Hashmasks and trying to flip them for profit. What do individuals do over time? Factor 2: institutional rewards that give individuals a reason to distribute value back to the community; more naming = more rewards. Think back to the founders giving 2 free names at mint. What institutional rewards could sweeten the deal for founding creators?? Factor 3: Economic natural selection combines the first two. The institutional rewards for naming can motivate groups to identify and rename Hashmasks or give feedback on multi-naming ideas to maximize the group’s institutional rewards. What naming subcommunities could form around institutional rewards? TLDR So Far The Manifesto proclaims that owners who participate by naming Hashmasks are founding creators Multi-Nameooors are founding creators essential to complete the art Formal strategies that reward community-based behavior (naming) can help overcome the Hashmasker’s Dilemma Community Member Old, Member New: Thoughts From 2/2 Two Hashmasks community members shared some thoughts on naming. Our OG 1/2 used all 25 characters to name “Lucy,” Her name aside, Lucy is the 3rd rarest Hashmasks canvas after the 2 transparent skins. In the realm of Perfect Names she is the queen of queens with all her jewels. LucyInTheSkyWithDiamonds. How many Hashmasks did you name and/or what percentage of your collection is named? Roughly 60 percent name… bought a few names ones… I thought the names would be assets. I sold one or two masked but changed the name before I did… Why do you think naming has fallen off so much? I think naming hasn’t been something that was used in other projects. The community decided for the current moment it didn’t have the value I first thought it would have. Initially, I was naming my hashmasks after the symbols or secrets on that mask. I can only remember the clowns and banks where names became a thing. Going forward I still believe it will hold value if hashmasks take off again What did you do with the extra NCT, if there was any? I don’t do anything with NCT. I just keep it. But for the moment, I am not really expecting much from it. What could be done to get folks to name more? Super tricky to get folks to name. I think there has to be an incentive. And I don’t mean only monetary… I mean incentivized as it represents a movement or being part of a community… look at the clown/bank movement... Focus should be on how does it add value to the community and why would community members want to have names Big warm welcome for 2/2, new to the community, the community member who created the first named sets! These thoughts from @smperlow go into the feels that created the named set of lions. Where did you get the idea to create the first batch of named sets? … my first Hashmask that I later named Visionary Lion, struck me as the picture of a young, entrepreneurial, forward-thinking man, empowered by the quiet around him… and my second lion—Stifled Lion—screamed at me of noise, and even oppression. How could that Lion accomplish anything? I positioned him next to Visionary Lion and thought the contrast between them told a story that would resonate in today’s world that can be so full of noise. The next day I noticed Harmonious Lion, which seemed to me a different path one could take—a full path, but full of a positive relationship with one’s surroundings, not an adversarial one… What could be done to get folks to name more? I wonder if more multi-Hashmask works would lead to more naming. With more than one Hashmask, the story being told is probably more complex. Naming Hashmasks—whether displaying the names on the art or not—could help creators tell those more complex stories. Is there anything else you’d like to share about naming, NCT, Hashmasks etc? I’m so excited to be a Hashmask owner. Wise @punk6529 has mentioned the value of buying NFTs that are “art that you like.” To me, Hashmasks are that, and more. They’re art that sparks my imagination, art that I love and will proudly display in my home, and art that I can build and be creative with. In ever turbulent crypto markets, those are exactly the kind of NFTs I want to own. Start a Convo on Twitter (@ , @ ) or in Discord ) WhiteChocoHashy TheHashmasks (discord.gg/hashmasks wtf did the founders give free 2 names at mint? [ ] what reward would get more artists to use a Hashmasks canvas? [ ] were references to leaves, roots, and graphs foreboding wordplay about the IRL champagne example? [ ] who setup the 1st NCT liquidity pool? [ ] wen naming moon? [ ] how much total value will names add to the complete art 20%, 30%, 40%+? [ ] This commentary and analysis is offered by a Hashmasks Team member for educational and entertainment value. It does not contain nor is it a substitute for financial advice, competent or otherwise, and cannot be reasonably relied upon to make financial decisions. Nothing should be construed as a forward looking statement concerning the Hashmasks NFT project nor as an official Hashmasks NFT project communication. Sources (in no particular order except the Manifesto) https://gigazine.net/gsc_news/en/20090617_wikipedia/ https://twitter.com/smperlow https://www.nba.com/news/5-incredible-stats-from-2022-bill-russell-nba-finals-mvp-stephen-curry https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/name-change-token https://dune.com/simodata/The-Hashmasks https://dune.com/giano/hm https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/prisoners-dilemma.asp https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-10673322 https://maskradar.yobalabs.com/?mask_id=36 https://www.be-atex.com/en/respiratory-protective-filters-colour-code-class-etc https://twitter.com/intuicon/status/1537512082614145028?s=20&t=NdnTxqUD0ZN8j-NEf5enwA https://www.thehashmasks.com/manifesto Hashmasks remove this separating line between the artist and the consumer and merges both into the art piece itself Unlike traditional art, the baton of responsibility is handed over to you, who gets the right and privilege to add his or her unique touch to this everchanging canvas. handing over the power over the rarest of all traits to the consumer: the name The final outcome of the art piece - engraved permanently in the history of art on the Ethereum blockchain - in many decades is only bound by the creativity of the creating community. Truly an art piece for the people, by the people. An NFT to solve the issues of transparency in the ownership and transfer of digital artwork and the NCT that derives it value from allowing users to participate in the digital art.

The Hashmasker's Dilemma

How to choose the right I2C chips. Or the hidden software problem of choosing hardware modules IoT-devices LLC constantly promote the use of I2C bus as one of the best serial digital interfaces. The I2C bus offers all the necessary functions: a simple physical interface: the SDA data and SCL synchronization signals require only two wires to connect to the bus; the addressing of devices on the bus with unique 7-bit addresses; identification of devices on the bus by their address or by unique identifiers (if provided by the chip manufacturer); hot device plugging / unplugging like Plug & Play; the unit is powered by the bus or by each module’s own power supply; the support for different supply voltages of devices on the bus (provided that the signals are matched to the voltage level); an advanced infrastructure of amplifiers, repeaters, splitters and multiplexers to build complex topologies offered by chip manufacturers; All that allows about a hundred devices to be connected to the controller on a single interface at the same time. The I/O port budget of the main controller is minimal when the I2C bus is used to connect the sensors. Sensors or actuators might be on an extension cord, or all the chips might be concentrated on one module. Or all chips can be focused on one module. The master controller and slave devices can be powered independently. Or all devices on the bus can be powered from a common source. The I2C is supported by the vast majority of microelectronics manufacturers. All popular controllers, IoT / Smart Home platforms, and related development environments are compatible with the bus. Most IoT devices support the I2C interface as basic. Moreover, the support of the I2C bus is usually a decisive factor in the selection of chips in our projects. But any system has not only advantages. There are also shortcomings and hidden problems that we reveal in the publications. Today we would like to talk about the software problem of choosing the right hardware sensors with I2C bus support. We will not go into the theory, but rather suggest a practical example using our devices. Let’s start with the popular radiation sensor module . GGreg20 Example №1. GGreg20 and I2C GGreg20 and I2C From time to time we are asked if it would be better to equip the GGreg20 module with the I2C interface and offer such a product as an alternative to the product with a pulse output, which is now GGreg20_V3. In short, no. Let’s try to justify our opinion in more detail. We really like the I2C bus. We, moreover, already have an I2C interface splitter module, I2CHUB, which would be well suited to a hypothetical GGreg20 with I2C interface. So we can take a budget microcontroller – a companion like STM32, which must perform the necessary pulse calculations and give calculated values of the power and dose of ionizing radiation to the main controller at a low level via I2C interface. But let’s ask ourselves how many common and very popular IoT platforms and microcontrollers will have driver support for such an I2C sensor? The answer will be disappointing since it is not an industrial sensor with a huge sales market. Certainly, our company needs everyone to be able to connect our sensors. It is our customers who must choose the type of controller or platform. We need to provide versatility for Arduino, ESP32 / ESP8266, Raspberry Pi, or for NodeMCU, Node-RED and ESPHome in Home Assistant, and many other IoT development environments that we might not have even heard of. GGreg20 is now supported by any controller, development environment, and IoT platform, precisely because it has a versatile pulse output. If we equipped the GGreg20 with an I2C interface, we would have a completely different result. *. What if you make two interfaces on the GGreg20 module at once – pulse output and I2C?* Note It would be very convenient, but in this case we believe that these costs at the expense of customers would be unjustified. The companion controller occupies a certain area on the module board. The I2C bus takes up twice as many controller ports as the pulse output. All this significantly increases the unit cost of the product. While the Pulse interface takes up only one GPIO controller with an interrupt handler and is much easier to program. And if we talk about maximum simplification, the GGreg20 module can work without a controller at all. The user can measure radiation (in circumstances that require it) only with a clock to record the measurement time in minutes. We will next consider another example of two similar devices. They both have an I2C interface, but different application perspectives. Example №2. I2CUI3, I2CUI4 and I2C We first developed – a useful and reliable product. It is a universal module of user interfaces with the I2C interface, which provides input of user instructions with the help of five navigation buttons and output of data to the RGB LED and the buzzer about the status or events of the IoT device. It is based on the 8-bit NXP PCA9538 port expander. For many years we have been using this chip for various tasks, including as the main component of the I2CUI3 module. The PCA9538 port expander is convenient, as it works semi-automatically after power supply and for some tasks does not require pre-programming at all, and therefore can work even without the main microcontroller. I2CUI3 And then it became clear that we need not 8-bit, but 16-bit similar module for certain tasks. So we created a new product with an I2C interface – I2CUI4 module based on the MCP23017 port expander chip. For the new we could use NXP’s older expander in the line. They have several 16-bit expander chips like PCA6416, PCA9539, PCA9575, PCA9673. But there are no official libraries for any of the chips either on the arduino.cc site or on the esphome.io site. There are also no drivers for the NodeMCU firmware. I2CUI4, There are only a few libraries for PCA9539 on Github, but neither Adafruit nor Seeed Studio has drivers for any NXP chip. That is why the new product I2CUI4 is compatible with common platforms and has probably the most popular chip MCP23017 from Microchip Technology with I2C interface. Thanks to that, our MCP23017-based product can boast a wide range of support by Arduino, NodeMCU, ESPHome / Home Assistant, Node-RED, Blynk, MicroPython, Raspberry Pi, STM32, and other brands. GitHub has hundreds of repositories with drivers in C / C ++, Python, JS, Lua, and other languages. Conclusion We gave two examples of identifying and solving the problem of driver support for devices equipped with an I2C interface from our own experience. Unless you plan to provide on your own driver support for an I2C device you are about to buy, please pay attention to the hidden external risks described in this publication. You should choose a device, module, or chip with an I2C interface, which, in addition to other factors, will have the widest driver support among third-party systems. Special attention concerning compatibility and support should be given to the target microcontrollers, platforms, development environments. You have to be sure that all of these systems will support your chip before using it in your designs. We have used these principles to develop two excellent products, GGreg20 and I2CUI4, to minimize the risks and avoid the problems mentioned above. We hope you find this material useful. Thank you for your attention. Original Source: https://iot-devices.com.ua/en/how-to-choose-the-right-i2c-chips-en/ Ukrainian article translation: https://iot-devices.com.ua/how-to-choose-the-right-i2c-chips-ukr/ Tags: I2C, DriverSupport, IoT, GGreg20_V3, I2CUI4_V1, MCP23017, PCA9538, IO, IoT-devices

Choosing the Best I2C chips: The Hidden Software Problem of Choosing Hardware Modules

Let's talk about the most important thing in programming... BOOOOOOOLEAN ALGEBRA. Hmm... Is that a True statement OR False? Watch the video AND find out... Or NOT... Up to you. In case you missed it, here are the previous parts of the series: Python for Beginners, Part 1: How to Download and Install Python Python for Beginners, Part 2: Hello World Exercise Python for Beginners, Part 3: The Turtle Module Python for Beginners, Part 4: Interactive Shell vs. Script Python for Beginners, Part 5: Variables Python for Beginners, Part 6: Strings Python for Beginners, Part 7: Fun Fun Functions Python for Beginners, Part 8: Function Arguments Python for Beginners, Part 9: Loops Python for Beginners, Part 10: Primitive Data Python for Beginners, Part 11: String Slicing Python for Beginners, Part 12: List of Things Python for Beginners, Part 13: Append List-Method Python for Beginners, Part 14: E-1 Circle of Squares Python for Beginners, Part 15: Solution Circle of Squares Python for Beginners, Part 16 - Dictionaries Transcript 0:00 hey guys what's up this is Qazi this is 0:03 my third time making this video last two 0:05 recordings got deleted and they were 0:07 really long I'm gonna try to make it 0:09 short and sweet right it only lets me 0:11 make him better so that's what I'm 0:13 actually excited for anyways in this 0:16 video we're going to talk about Boolean 0:18 algebra jiujitsu. Okay before we get to 0:23 that I wanna just take a second to show 0:26 you guys check it up the official clever 0:31 programmer premium short sleeve t-shirt 0:36 custom designed, let me know what you 0:39 guys think and I'll put in the link for 0:42 you guys below so if you guys want to 0:44 actually get it you can order it um some 0:48 feedback would be great if you think it 0:50 sucks or if you think it's good let me 0:52 know I would love to know that let's get 0:56 on with what we are trying to cover for 0:58 today, okay so I want to talk about 1:04 Boolean algebra alright, so what is it 1:07 and how does it work and why do we need 1:10 to know it. It's one of the most 1:13 important things in programming that's a 1:18 period in all of computer programming 1:22 languages anything that you use even in 1:24 electricity it's super important at the 1:27 end of the day everything turns to zero 1:29 one or true or false 1:32 okay so we have false or true notice how 1:36 their special statements in Python which 1:38 is why they highlight into the color 1:40 orange and pipe and then it doesn't give 1:44 you an error Python like understands 1:46 what true and false is for example if 1:47 you do true like this or false like this 1:50 it's going to give you back an error 1:51 saying I have no idea what you're 1:53 talking about 1:54 so they're like pre-existing things that 1:57 are built into Python now why would we 2:01 need to ever use this right why would we 2:04 need to use this well let me show you 2:06 guys something that foreshadows a little 2:08 bit into maybe are one of our next few 2:10 videos like condition 2:11 the control flow where I'm going to talk 2:14 more about if statements but let me just 2:15 for shout out that and show you guys so 2:17 you guys can see from a bigger picture 2:19 perspective how it works and in turn 2:22 that would make you want to learn what 2:23 it is and then we can get down into the 2:26 nitty-gritty details, cool so for example 2:29 an if statement works like this you have 2:32 an if statement followed by some 2:35 condition which does not need to be in 2:38 parenthesis but I'm just putting in 2:39 parentheses and that condition evaluates 2:42 to a true or a false statement okay and 2:46 based on that right based on this then 2:52 this so it's like if that then this okay 3:00 so if Johnny made more if Johnny worked 3:03 overtime and he worked more than 40 3:05 hours then I want to pay him overtime 3:09 okay so for example the only time this 3:14 block of code runs is if Johnny made 3:16 more than 40 hours which means it needs 3:18 to value it to true you need to have a 3:20 true here okay so let's say if true 3:25 print hello okay and notice that this 3:32 block of code runs because this 3:35 statement is true and then this block of 3:38 code runs right this is the if condition 3:41 it's not very smart, what I'm doing here 3:43 is kind of stupid I'm just hard coding 3:45 true right in there which is not what 3:47 you're going to be doing most at times 3:48 but I'm just doing this to like 3:50 illustrate how it breaks in it's a bare 3:52 bones skeleton so to speak and let me 3:55 show you if false and then see what 3:57 happens print hi and you can see that 4:01 this part of the code did not run 4:03 because it goes Oh false it's false so 4:06 I'm not going to run it not going to do 4:08 this right it falls and you know don't 4:10 pay him overtime or whatever right I 4:12 could have anything else here I just 4:14 have print hello but the implications of 4:17 this are far more than printing stuff 4:19 it's doing actual software right now 4:23 another reason why this is very 4:25 important for you guys to learn is 4:27 imagine if you were hired, you're working 4:29 in a company and you had to design a 4:31 system for paying employees well if you 4:32 do your logic wrong then you might be 4:35 paying every employee overtime which 4:38 means that the company is paying way 4:40 more money to its employees like for 4:44 example you might write the logic wrong 4:46 and employee that works three hours 4:49 might be getting paid overtime for all 4:50 of those - the hours the company has to 4:52 pay a lot more money and then the 4:54 company has to fire a lot of people 4:55 because they're like well there's a lot 4:58 of money going out of our pockets right 4:59 on the other hand you could have the 5:02 case where no employees getting paid 5:06 overtime even though they worked 5:08 overtime over 40 hours so with the great 5:12 power right as being a programmer comes 5:14 great responsibility so that's why you 5:15 want to learn this stuff really really 5:17 well so you don't make these MIT big 5:19 mistakes and you can help out companies 5:23 and you can help clients or whoever 5:25 right so we have this case false print 5:29 hi that's what happens but now let's do 5:31 something more interesting so I'm going 5:32 to introduce you guys is something 5:33 called comparison operators okay 5:38 so you guys might know the equal equal 5:40 sign it compares two things together not 5:42 one equal sign that makes something 5:44 something two equal signs check if one 5:47 thing is equal to another thing okay so 5:51 I have two equal signs I have less than 5:54 or less than I have a greater than sign 5:58 I have a less than or equal to sign have 6:00 a greater than or equal to sign a but 6:01 does not equal sign okay these are your 6:04 comparison operators so what do I mean 6:08 five is equal to five it's going to give 6:11 me back a true right five is five how 6:16 about if I said five does not equal five 6:18 what do you think is going to give me 6:19 false right that doesn't make any sense 6:21 how about five is greater than five does 6:24 that make sense no it's not five is less 6:26 than five nope five is less than or 6:28 equal to five it should give me back a 6:30 true five is greater than or equal to 6:32 five and it also gives me back a true 6:35 because it's not greater than but it is 6:37 certain 6:38 two-five okay so that's how this works 6:41 and look at the bottom it breaks down 6:43 into true-false true-false right now 6:47 let's say we wanted to pay Johnny more 6:49 if you worked going back to our original 6:50 example let's say we want to pick Johnny 6:52 more if you work extra hours right if 6:55 you work 40 hours or something so how 6:58 would we check that condition if you 7:01 work more than 40 hours how would we 7:02 check that we have to make that 7:04 condition we have to check that 7:05 condition so these are all called 7:07 conditions because at the end of the day 7:10 they evaluate to a true or false okay so 7:12 this is a condition and then evaluates 7:14 to false here so let's make a variable 7:17 called Johnny hours work and let's set 7:20 that equal to 40 and now let's check it 7:23 Johnny 7:24 hours work is greater than 40 so I'm 7:27 like asking my computer question and 7:29 it'll say false okay so I know I 7:32 shouldn't pay him overtime then write 7:34 because I got back a false what if I did 7:35 is he making is he doing more hours than 7:37 30 okay good so at least he's working 7:40 right he's not just not doing anything 7:43 okay so he's worth more than 30 hours 7:45 but he has not worked greater than 40 7:48 hours okay has he worked greater than or 7:53 equal to 40 hours mmm it says true since 7:57 I know he hasn't worked greater than 40 7:59 hours then in this statement greater 8:01 than or equal to 40 I know that he's 8:03 worked equal to 40 but let's just double 8:07 check and say equal equal 40 okay cool 8:11 so we now know that Johnny has worked 8:14 exactly 40 hours so we can't pay him 8:16 over time in this case but let's just 8:19 try it out anyways let's do if Johnny 8:21 let's turn it into like uh like a 8:24 conditional statement which again we're 8:26 going to get more into later is greater 8:29 than 40 right then friend pay him 8:34 overtime 8:35 Oh looks like we're not going to pay him 8:39 overtime because he has worked exactly 8:41 40 hours now let's make Johnny two hours 8:44 41 hours let's say he's worked 41 hours 8:48 right so overtime now let's run this and 8:50 you can see that it says pay 8:52 over time so how could this translate 8:55 for you Oh 8:57 first of all let's just break down 8:58 exactly what this turns into right so we 9:01 have this statement if Johnny were 9:04 greater than 40 hours how does this 9:05 actually work well what is the variable 9:08 Johnny hours work 9:09 we made it 41 right 41 is greater than 9:13 40 is that true it certainly is 9:15 41 is greater than 40 and we get true 9:18 and then we get into its most barebone 9:21 skeleton structure which I showed you 9:23 guys up at the top right here and it's 9:25 simple it's simply just a true at the 9:27 end of the day and then this block of 9:29 code runs okay and if the same way the 9:36 reason why this line of code for example 9:39 like let's say I do this right if you 9:41 were greater than 42 hours why does this 9:43 line of code not work well again Johnny 9:47 hoursworked is 41 is 41 more than 42 of 9:51 course not 9:52 so this turns to false and when this 9:54 turns to false we get back we actually 10:00 get back nothing because this line of 10:01 code does not run okay that's a bare 10:05 bone like that's the main reason why we 10:07 use Boolean operators there are lots of 10:10 other reasons that you'll see as well in 10:11 the next video we're gonna get down more 10:14 into how boolean logic works so for now 10:19 showed you guys comparison operators in 10:20 the next video we're going to talk about 10:22 Boolean logical operators okay so for 10:28 example we're going to talk about and 10:29 and we're going to talk about or and 10:32 we're going to talk about not all right 10:35 and how all of those things work in sync 10:38 with each other that's it for this video 10:41 I'll see you guys in the next video.

Python for Beginners, Part 17: Boolean Algebra Jiu-Jitsu

A content funnel is intended to incite interest among your old followers, attract new ones and convert them into customers and buyers. In this piece, we’ll talk about creating a content marketing funnel on Instagram from scratch. What is a Content Marketing Funnel? A content funnel is a series of posts that walks a potential customer through getting to know your brand at the beginning and deciding to buy from you as a result. marketing You’ve already seen examples of content marketing funnels, even if you didn’t notice it was them. Various blogs, messengers, Instagram accounts of brands, and sites that sell stuff - all these are examples of the content marketing funnel. Since you can leverage a content marketing funnel on different marketing channels, Instagram is no exception. Content funnels may consist of different amounts of posts. It depends on how well your audience knows your brand, how targeted this audience is, what industry and business you’re working in. But even if the number of posts can vary, the order of the posts should be the same regardless of your business. Any content funnel has a common structure that you adjust to the product or service you’re selling. But you can add other posts in your content funnel; it's not necessary that all the posts of the funnel go one after another with no other content. To make the funnel work as it should, you need to communicate with your audience in your account, reply to their comments and make them leave comments under your posts. That said, your audience needs to be engaged with your content; this is a loyal and engaged community. When using a content funnel, the main purpose is not to push the product or service but to give your audience the value the product would provide them with. You need to understand the pain points of your audience and call to these pain points in your posts. Before we start making on the content marketing funnel, here are some mistakes other marketers and entrepreneurs make: 1. They well enough. They don’t know their pain points nor their motivations. Thus they don’t have a clue if their product is what they actually need and if it could help them at all. don’t understand their audience 2. They don’t know their competitors and don’t know how they are different from them. 3. They post the same content all the time. Of course, your content needs to be about your product or about something you can use to connect your product to. You don’t need to tell about anything you don’t have in your assortment or something you don’t sell. Still, you should try to make your content look different even if it touches the same thing. 4. They can’t sell. The whole content doesn’t have to be pushy but still, why have you made an Instagram account of your brand in the first place? Don’t aggressively sell your products or services in each of your posts but . In fact, this is why you’ve come to Instagram with your business. Instagram don’t forget to sell whatsoever 5. They make content only for new followers, forgetting about the old audience. This is a common mistake. In marketing, retention of an old customer is a lot more expensive and complicated task than attracting a new one, so don’t ever forget to engage with your old audience. 6. They’re not flexible. They consider the content funnel as a strict content plan, so they don’t adjust it to various real-time events, audience’s needs and general landscape changes. Content Marketing Funnel: When to Leverage You don’t have to use the content funnel all the time, in 100% of your Instagram posts. Typically, it makes sense to leverage it when you expect a new audience to come to your profile: a paid social campaign, influencer marketing campaign, giveaway, or challenge are such reasons. Depending on the event, the first post should have different content. So logically, when you’re expecting a new audience, you should make them get to know you. Here’s where an introduction post is on point. If you’re launching a new product, the first post should be about this product and why it’s useful, why it’s better than the ones made by competitors. Pandora publishes a motivational video to inspire followers to take part in the Pandora Memory Challenge. You can use the content funnel on Instagram both for your old and a new audience. The core of its functioning is the same; what different is the content of each particular post. Whether it’s a product or a service launch, an update, new release, assortment or business scaling, new shop opening, or just a reminder of your products - you start the funnel with the post that will draw the attention of your audience to the event. Instagram Content Funnel Structure Any content marketing funnel on Instagram is a flexible recipe into which you can add your own ingredients or remove them from the recipe depending on your goal. The idea behind the content marketing funnel is that every post engages and calls to certain reactions. Also important is that with one content marketing funnel you try to sell only one product or service at a time. I bet all of you have several products or services that you want to sell. In this case, make a different funnel for each of the products. All posts in the funnel are united and don’t exist independently of each other. Each of the posts has a certain purpose and walks a user from one step to the next one convincing them to buy from you at the end. But under certain circumstances, any post can make people purchase. It goes without saying but even if the content funnel is often associated with captions and copies, Instagram remains a visually-focused platform, so images you pick for the funnel should be of good quality and on point. If the image or video is not appealing, people won’t read your caption. What Posts Does the Content Funnel Consists Of? The most common content funnel on Instagram works on the principle of . AIDA : attention, interest, desire and action Since we talk about Instagram, we’d add here also a fifth component, - . engagement : you introduce your product or service to a new audience or remind the old followers about the product. How? By using an appealing image, headline and the first sentence/paragraph of the caption. Attention post Some ideas for the Attention post: 1. Introduction post. Tell your readers about your company or brand. 2. Facts about your company/product. You can also add here a little bit of gamification by asking your followers which of the facts are true and false. 3. Your reaction/opinion to recent news. 4. Real-time events. Instagram features creators in the post dedicated to Mental Health Awareness Month. 5. Viral content: videos, challenges, trends and alike. KitKat takes part in the popular #Dollypartonchallenge on Instagram 6. Post that solves a certain issue of your target audience. 7. Debunked myths about your industry, product or service. : this post is designed to attract maximum attention from your audience. Here you can tell why your brand or company is different from your competitors and why you’re better than them. But still focusing on your clients, even when you tell about yourself. Add some new facts and features that your audience have never heard of from you. Interest post Interest post ideas: 1. Success stories. People like to read about others’ success and to get inspired. Instagram shares success stories of female entrepreneurs. 2. Storytelling about your project or brand. 3. Backstage and behind the scenes of your brand. 4. Industry news with your analysis and opinion. 5. Facts and statistics, infographics. 6. Industry forecasts. 7. Lists: Top X, Best Of, etc. 8. Memes and jokes. It is important that entertainment content is relevant to your profile. 9. Unexpected usage of your product or service. : At this stage, you post loads of useful content and involve your audience in communication by using interesting, useful, and viral content. Engagement post In your posts, always focus on your clients and their benefits, even if you talk about yourself. Engagement post ideas: 1. Life hacks, guides, video tutorials. 2. Secrets, ideas, useful tips. 3. How-Tos. 4. Polls and quizzes. 5. Contests, games, challenges and flash mobs. 6. Interview/Q&A with an (external) expert. 7. An honest post about admitting your failures. : At this stage, you make the client prefer you among others. You make them want to buy from you. You confirm the already established opinion about your brand with real facts. Desire post The idea here is to show that your product or service solves the existing problems of the client. How to do so with content? 1. Social proof. Testimonials, UGC, product reviews, before and after posts. 2. Certificates and awards you achieved, industry events participation. 3. Live webinars and Q&A sessions. 4. Debunking customers’ objections and doubts. 5. Real working process. 6. Useful information on the purchasing process: how to buy, how to pay, shipment methods. : In such posts, you tell about the important features of the product as benefits adding a distinct call to action at the end of the caption. Action post Clear CTA in the caption is used in the action post. Before writing a post, you should answer these questions: What customer issues does your product solve? How will this product change a customer's life? What makes your product special for the target audience? What are their fears and objections to the purchase? Implementing a Content Funnel in Your Instagram Content Plan After you used a content funnel, the question is - what to publish next? You need to continue to build engagement, trust, interest, desire and attention for your brand with content. For example, you publish expert content, appealing visuals, experiment with content formats, share interesting stories and behind the scenes with your followers. After completing one funnel, you can also launch a new one for another product or service. After that - the next funnel. Do not be afraid to scare your followers with active sales. You sell only in the last post - . The main thing is to stay connected with your audience. directly Action Content Marketing Funnel Doesn’t Work: What To Do? If there is no response to the content you’re sharing, it means the audience that follows you is more likely not relevant to your business; this is not your target audience. Or you have an audience that is not used to communicating. This happens quite often, too - not all users love to comment under brands' posts. To start communicating with these followers, conduct polls in stories, make live broadcasts, share engaging video content, viral posts and entertain them. Also published on https://www.combin.com/blog/content-marketing-funnel-on-instagram/

How to Build a Content Marketing Funnel on Instagram

Every large company brags about their superior grasp of the concepts of work-life balance and their abilities to achieve it for their employees. In my experience, very few actually achieve it. To be fair, though, it’s not really the company’s job to achieve a work-life balance. It’s their job to support the concept, it’s on us as employees to achieve it. Missing Out My five-year-old son and I had this conversation one Friday night while he was eating dinner, and I was preparing to head into my office for a late call. Son: “Are you all done with meetings today?” Me: “No, I have one left.” Son: “I’m growing up, and you’re missing it. You should call your manager and tell him you quit.” is a little bit complex for a child of his age, so I’m not exactly sure where he heard this, but I’m assuming he’s quoting some movie he saw. However, the truths in his statement still stung. The harsh truth; I’m missing out by spending too much time at work is hard to digest. “I’m growing up and you’re missing it” Let’s shed some additional light on this situation before we overdramatize it, though. First, I work from home and have for several years. I try to be very diligent about “work” time vs “home” time, but I don’t have a commute and come out to spend lunchtime with the family, so I probably get to spend more time with him than most fathers. Second, my wife is a stay-at-home-mom, so she’s here with him all day. Due to the pandemic, she is homeschooling him, so they spend a fair amount of time together. I really have to assume that this comment, if it isn’t him just repeating a TV show, comes from the sheer fact that mom spends more time with him than I do. That being said, I’ve always battled with the concept of work-life balance. Finding Balance Early in my career, and for the first year or two at my current company, I worked a lot. I received projects with tight deadlines, sometimes ridiculous deadlines, and I met each and every one.  My manager created mini competitions to see who could reach an unrealistic deadline first, and I fed into that like a starved lion. I would check my email first thing in the morning. I would even run some tests or write a little code before breakfast. I’d commute the forty-five minutes to work and complete a full 9-5 workday. I’d then commute home, have dinner with the family, then when everyone was in bed, I would work some more. My manager needed daily, sometimes hourly updates on our progress.  He wasn’t a developer by trade and rarely understood what we were talking about,  but he insisted on hearing all of the details anyway. Some days it felt like he wanted a printout of every line of code I looked at for the day. But I trudged on.  I met my deadlines, sometimes I crushed them, but I saw the red haze of burnout looming on the horizon, and I could tell my time at this company was short if I didn’t make a change. One summer, within those first two years at this company, my manager took a two-week vacation to compete in a bike race. During those two weeks, I took full advantage of not having someone breathe down my neck at all hours. I worked 9-5 and nothing else. I caught up on sleep. I resumed some of my hobbies. I had more energy to enjoy time with my family. And something else amazing happened. I not only hit my tight deadlines, but I completed an additional two projects within the same deadline. When my manager returned, he was amazed at what I had accomplished and bragged in many meetings about the three projects I had completed in a record amount of time. And for a while, I couldn’t quite place my finger on what had happened, other than the fact that I hit a great stride in my workday because I was free from his constant interruptions.  But what really happened? I had relaxed. I momentarily stopped walking into every day carrying the stress of the weeks prior and the weeks ahead on my shoulders. I woke up and viewed every day with fresh eyes. I committed time to things outside of work and actually found myself excited to be there when I finally got to my desk. I cleared my mind of all the rubble that was blocking my rational thought and allowed myself to really focus on the problems at hand… and when I did, they weren’t nearly as complicated as they seemed. I had found a brief oasis of work-life balance. Demands Of course, my manager returned, and with him came all the stress that a normal micromanager brings to the table.  Now, this specific situation is dramatic, micromanagers aren’t the only source of work-life balance issues, but it was in this specific situation. There are others. A couple of years went by, and I found myself on a new team with a new manager. This manager was not the micromanager I had before, but he was incredibly demanding, as was his manager and the manager above him. Their entire chain was wrought with unrealistic demands, and everyone was scrambling to make their superiors happy and I had been thrown right in the middle of it.  I returned to working long hours, nights, weekends, I even pulled an all-nighter to bring a production system up on a new stack for no real reason other than I was told to. (Yes told, not asked). And at every step of the way, the rest of the team and I were constantly told (in public settings) that we weren’t good enough. That we had to work harder. That our work was not acceptable and not up to the company standard. We were pushed harder and harder, and no matter what you accomplished, it could have always been better. We were publicly shamed, humiliated, forced to demo broken features or bugs. And all the while, we were asked to put in extra hours assuming if we did it would eventually get better. It did not. When it comes down to it, our customers were happy.  They loved the tools we were creating. The applications brightened their days and made their lives easier, but to our management chain they were a blight on the company’s good record. And so we worked. The Problem As I stated at the top of this stream of consciousness that I’m attempting to call an article, the company can support work-life balance, but it’s not responsible for maintaining it. That falls on the individual employees, and here is where most of us get stuck. My managers were employees. Their managers were employees. Employees who did not have a work-life balance, and so did not believe their reports deserved it either. So they pushed their employees to work. My first manager, the micromanager I discussed, also had work-life issues of his own to consider. He would often talk about how he had so many meetings in a day he didn’t have time to answer emails until 11 PM. He reserved 11-12 PM as email time, and it was not uncommon to receive vital feedback you were waiting on at that time (and he expected you to respond and take action on it at that time as well, but that’s for another article). I believe this issue boils simply down to a construct very similar to jealousy.  As managers adopt more and more responsibility, they see their ability to control work-life balance slip away, and so they jealously steal it from those below them. Force everyone to work as hard as they do so that they don’t feel like they’re failing themselves or their families. “This is just how it is here” or “we work hard we play hard” are common sayings amongst these people. But let’s be clear, all this is is a failure to properly manage your time.  The higher up you go in a company, the more pressure you have to produce results, and thus the more pressure you put on those below you to work. The Solution? I add a question mark there because in my 12 years of experience, I can’t say for sure that I’ve figured it out. The brief periods where I’ve felt that I had a good balance, I always worried that that balance would make me look lazy and cause me to lose my job. This is due to the pressure on my managers to produce unrealistic results, yes, but it’s still a concern.  Further, when I did achieve a great balance that I discussed earlier while my manager was on vacation, I tried to retain that balance upon his return. Of course, this was met with failure and even started to jeopardize my career slightly as my manager saw an employee who used to be “all in” suddenly pulling away.  It was easy to assume this was my fault at the start. I was too quick to agree to work long hours and reach unrealistic deadlines but when you really think about it, what was the alternative? Missing deadlines and potentially being fired? No, that’s not an option at all. We do what we need to to survive, and that is what I did, so I don’t believe the blame rests on me but with those making the unrealistic demands. The point that I’m trying to make is, if your company doesn’t have a clearly defined path to success with work-life balance, anyone who achieves it will be held in a negative light, so how do we solve this? In my opinion, you have to do two things. (Note: failure to do one isn’t a complete failure, but I do think achieving both is a path to true success). 1) Be upfront at the start of your career at a new company on your work-life balance and rights. I don’t mean that you confront your manager and tell him you’ll never work a second over 8 hours a day. In fact, I don’t suggest having a conversation at all. I think you should walk into the position assuming you have a right to a work-life balance. At 4:30 PM, when someone asks you for something, tell them “Sure thing, I’ll get on it tomorrow” instead of working late. When a manager asks you for an estimate, be honest. Don’t try to impress them, don’t try to create something unrealistic to beat out the competition. Be. Real. 2) Only bend the rules when it is absolutely required This one may sound stupid, weird, or obvious at the start, but think about how many times you have done this or been asked to do this, and suddenly it doesn’t seem so obvious. Even in situations where I have been very blunt about my hours and ensured that my estimates are realistic. Even when I’ve made sure to be upfront when I don’t think a deadline is feasible, there are situations where you will find yourself compelled to put in that extra work. Either you’re excited about a project, or you want to impress someone to earn that big promotion, or you just can’t think of a good reason to say ‘no’. We have all been there. I have learned that it is best to walk into a conversation saying “lets get more information” while assuming the answer is “no I will not do this right now.” This achieves two things. First, the customer feels heard, and second, you’re not committing to anything until you have the details.  The next step is to determine emergency status. If something is a genuine emergency, then work on it. Who cares if it’s 4:30 PM on a Friday. When you took the job you agreed to keep the lights on and that’s what you should do. But if it’s not an emergency, it can wait for Monday (or at least tomorrow). So what constitutes an emergency? Emergencies are different for every application, but the general rule of thumb (for me) is: Can everyone do their job? That’s it. Super simple. Can. Everyone. Do. Their. Job? If Joe in accounting needs to take an extra 5 minutes using a workaround to complete his $5M forecast, fine. If Joe in accounting literally cannot complete his forecast and the CEO is going to fire him (and probably you), then that is an emergency. As usual, this is a completely overdramatized situation, but the fact is: assess whether or not you are actively impacting anyone’s job before committing to after-hours work.  If there is no workaround and the bug/issue/feature is critical, then it might be time to bite the bullet and just work on it. If there’s a workaround (even an annoying one), it can wait. You might believe people hate you for it, but if it were them, they'd expect the same leniency. Wrap up Work-life balance is a problem. It’s not up to your employer to solve it, but it’s not up to you either. We all need to work together to set realistic expectations to move forward happily and healthily.

The Elusive Work-Life Balance

AWS Simple Storage Service (S3) is by far the most popular service on AWS. The simplicity and scalability of S3 made it a go-to platform not only for objects, but also to host them as static websites, serve ML models, provide backup functionality, and so much more. storing It became the simplest solution for event-driven processing of images, video, and audio files, and even matured to a de-facto replacement of Hadoop for big data processing. In this article, we'll look at various ways to leverage the power of S3 in Python. *!* Some use cases may really surprise you each code snippet below includes a link to a GitHub Gist shown as: ( ). Note: Gist 1. Reading objects without downloading them Imagine that you want to read a CSV file into a Pandas dataframe without downloading it. Here is how you can directly read the object's body directly as a Pandas dataframe ( ): Gist Similarly, if you want to and read small pieces of textual data such as quotes, tweets, or news articles, you can do that using the S3 resource method put(), as demonstrated in the example below ( ). upload Gist 2. Downloading files to a temporary directory As an alternative to reading files directly, you could download all files that you need to process into a . This can be useful when you have to extract a large number of small files from a specific S3 directory ( ), concatenate all this data together, and then load it to a data warehouse or database in one go. Many analytical databases can process larger batches of data more efficiently than performing lots of tiny loads. Therefore, downloading and processing files, and then opening a single database connection for the Load part of ETL, can make the process more robust and efficient. temporary directory ex. near real-time streaming data By using a temporary directory, you can be sure that no state is left behind if your script crashes in between ( ). Gist 3. Specifying content type when uploading files Often when we upload files to S3, we don't think about the metadata behind that object. Howeve . Let's look at an example. r, doing it explicitly has some advantages Starting from line 9, we first upload a CSV file without explicitly specifying the content type. When we then check how this object's metadata has been stored, we find out that it was labeled as . Typically, most files will be labeled correctly based on the file's extension, but issues like this may happen unless we specify the content type explicitly. binary/octet-stream Starting from line 21, we do the same but we explicitly pass as content type. operation confirms that metadata is now correct ( ). text/csv HeadObject Gist 4. Retrieving only objects with a specific content-type You may ask: what benefit do we get by explicitly specifying the content type in ExtraArgs? In the example below, we try to filter for all CSV files ( ). Gist This will return a list of ObjectSummary objects that match this content-type: Out[2]: [s3.ObjectSummary(bucket_name='annageller', key='sales/customers.csv')] If we hadn't specified the content type explicitly, this file wouldn't have been found. 5. Hosting a static HTML report S3 is not only good at storing objects but also . First, we create an S3 bucket that can have publicly available objects. hosting them as static websites Turning off the "Block all public access" feature --- image by author Then, we generate an HTML page from any Pandas dataframe you want to share with others, and we upload this HTML file to S3. This way, we managed to build a simple tabular report that we can share with others ( ). Gist If you did not configure your S3 bucket to allow public access, you will receive : S3UploadFailedError boto3.exceptions.S3UploadFailedError: Failed to upload sales_report.html to annageller/sales_report.html: An error occurred (AccessDenied) when calling the PutObject operation: Access Denied To solve this problem, you can either for specific files on this bucket, or you can use as shown in the section below. enable public access presigned URLs 6. Generating presigned URLs for temporary access When you generate a report, it may contain sensitive data. You may not want to allow access to everybody in the world to look at your business reports. To solve this issue, you can leverage an S3 feature called that allow granting to a specific S3 object by embedding a temporary credential token directly into the URL. Here is the same example from above, but now using a ( ) and a presigned URL ( ). presigned URLs permissions private S3 bucket with "Block all public access" set to "On" Gist The URL, created by the script above, should look similar to this: Presigned URL --- image by author 7. Uploading large files with multipart upload Uploading large files to S3 at once has a significant disadvantage: if the process fails close to the finish line, you need to start entirely from scratch. Additionally, the process is not parallelizable. AWS approached this problem by offering . This process breaks down large files into contiguous portions (parts). Each part can be uploaded in parallel using multiple threads, which can significantly speed up the process. Additionally, if the upload of any part fails due to network issues ( ), it can be retransmitted without affecting other parts. multipart uploads packet loss To leverage multi-part uploads in Python, boto3 provides a class TransferConfig in the module boto3.s3.transfer. The caveat is that you actually don't need to use it by hand. Any time you use the S3 client's method upload_file(), it for large files. But if you want to optimize your uploads, you can change the default parameters of TransferConfig to: automatically leverages multipart uploads set a custom number of threads, disable multithreading, specify a custom threshold from which boto3 should switch to multipart uploads. Let's test the performance of several transfer configuration options. In the images below, you can see the time it took to upload a 128.3 MB file from the : New York City Taxi dataset using the default configuration, specifying a custom number of threads, disabling multipart uploads. We can see from the image above that when using a relatively slow WiFi network, the default configuration provided the fastest upload result. In contrast, when using a faster network, parallelization across more threads turned out to be slightly faster. Regardless of your network speed, . Multi-part upload did help speed up the operation, and adding more threads did not help. This might vary depending on the file size and stability of your network. But from the experiment above we can infer that it's best to just use s3.upload_file() without manually changing the transfer configuration. Boto3 takes care of that well enough under the hood. But if you really are looking into speeding the S3 file transfer, have a look at the section below. using the default configuration seems to be good enough for most use cases the ProgressPercentage, passed as Callback, is a class taken directly from the . It allows us to see a progress bar during the upload. Note: boto3 docs 8. Making use of S3 Transfer Acceleration In the last section, we looked at using multipart uploads to improve performance. AWS provides another feature that can help us upload large files called . It allows to speed up uploads (PUTs) and downloads (GETs) over long distances between applications or users sending data and the S3 bucket storing data. Instead of sending data directly to the target location, we end up sending it to an closer to us and AWS will then send it in an optimized way from the edge location to the end destination. S3 Transfer Acceleration edge location Because AWS is moving data solely within the AWS network, i.e. from the edge location to the target destination in a specific AWS region. Why is it an "optimized" way? **When can we gain significant benefits using S3 Transfer Acceleration? ** when we are sending --- typically more than 1 GB, large objects when we are sending data over , ex. from the region to . long distances eu-central-1 us-east-1 To enable this feature, go to "Properties" within your S3 bucket page and select "Enable": Alternatively, you can enable this feature from Python ( ): Gist To use this feature in boto3, we need to enable it on the S3 client object ( ): Gist Now we can test the performance. First, let's test the same file from the previous section. We can barely see any improvement. When comparing the performance between purely doing a multipart upload, and additionally turning on the S3 Transfer Acceleration, we can see that the , regardless of the object size we examined. Below is the same experiment using a larger file (1.6 GB in size). performance gains are tiny In our example, we were sending data from Berlin to the region located in Frankfurt (Germany). The nearest edge location seems to be . The distances are rather short. If we had to send the same 1.6 GB file to a US region, then Transfer Acceleration could provide a more noticeable advantage. eu-central-1 located in Hamburg **TL;DR for optimizing upload and download performance using Boto3: ** you can safely use the default configuration of s3_client.upload_file() in most use cases --- it has sensible defaults for and changing anything in the TransferConfig did not provide any significant advantage in our experiment, multipart uploads use only when sending large files over long distances, i.e. cross-region data transfers of particularly large files. S3 Transfer Acceleration enabling S3 Transfer Acceleration can incur additional data transfer costs. Note: Thank you for reading! Also published on: https://dashbird.io/blog/aws-s3-python-tricks/

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