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Navima

navima

Naval Warfare.—Mechanical Appliances.—Music

Now A days, React Native is one of the leading app development choice when it comes to cross platform apps development and at we love it like anything, but that is not enough for a Hard core developer to satisfy his desire of doing something out of this world, Isn’t it? usually now a days is the default choice when it comes to high quality UI/IX, We thought why not create something cool with the latest of Material Design and React Native and that lead us to this concept made to reality. Mindinventory Google’s Material Design To write code of this beautiful Tabbar was not that damn simple as it may seem at the first glance. We tried various paths to develop it and finally we did it which can work the same as designed. Let’s Look At The Development Story Of This Vision. As usual what coders does, we did the same to place this idea in an app, we searched various plugin which could provide us the expected results, but was all in vain and there was no plugin available which could work, well that was a blessing in disguise, as a result, we developed a plugin for this custom tab design which is open source right now and you can implement it in your designs in quick, easy and simple steps. The first way, we tried to do it with the React Native components, but it didn’t work as expected and the results were not exactly the same as designed. So, we came up with another technical idea to built it and let’s see what it was. Meanwhile you can also check the animation on and . Dribbble Behance We decide to work on the idea of creating a complete Tabbar using SVG components. And followings are the elements which we put together to build this Tabbar. Hollow Semi Circular Tabbar Circular Tabbar Item Tabbar Item Image Animation in the Tabbar and circular tab item while switching. So, the next challenge we did face was, React native doesn’t support SVG, so we need to get what could support the SVG and we found react-native-svg library, which was a point of emergence to get this technical idea work. We created an SVG for Circular Tabbar Item and Hollow Semi Circular Tabbar. import

Circle,

Path

} from 'react-native-svg';

<Svg version="1.1"

<AnimatedPath fill="#f0f0f0"

.3c17.2,0,31,14.4,30,31.6c0.2,2.7-0.3,5.5-0.3,8.2c0,71.2,58.1,129.6,129.4,130c72.1,0.3,130.6-58,130.6-130c0-2.7-0.1-5.4-0.2-8.1C${this.state.pathY}.7,74.5,${this.state.pathA}.5,60,${this.state.pathB}.7,60H1062c16.6,0,30,13.4,30,30v94c0,42-34,76-76,76H76c42,0-76-34-76-76V90C0,73.4,13.4,60,30,60z` }/>

<AnimatedCircle ref={ ref => this._myCircle = ref } fill="#f0f0f0"

</Svg> Next was the key point that make tab bar attractive i.e. animation while switching between two tabs. Well, where the default failed to work, we have to be the creator and have to create a customised one, as here the default animation didn’t work as transition animation fails for the Tabbar due to the hollow curvature and an animation along with the curvature in Tabbar we have to build custom SVG working with the dynamic path to support an animation and curvature. Following is the code responsible for curvature transition along with circular tab item. <AnimatedPath fill="#f0f0f0"

.3c17.2,0,31,14.4,30,31.6c-0.2,2.7-0.3,5.5-0.3,8.2c0,71.2,58.1,129.6,129.4,130c72.1,0.3,130.6-58,130.6-130c0-2.7-0.1-5.4-0.2-8.1C${this.state.pathY}.7,74.5,${this.state.pathA}.5,60,${this.state.pathB}.7,60H1062c16.6,0,30,13.4,30,30v94c0,42-34,76-76,76H76c-42,0-76-34-76-76V90C0,73.4,13.4,60,30,60z`}/> We created a circle as an animated component and the Tabbar as an animated path. const

const When user clicks on the tab to switch the animation works due to work of below written code. update(index) {

if(index == 0) {

this.setState ({

selectedIndex: index,

});

Animated.spring(this.state.pathD,{toValue:22,duration: 10, friction: 10

Animated.spring( this.state.circleRadius, { toValue: 211, friction: 10

}

else

this.setState({

selectedIndex: index,

});

Animated.spring(this.state.pathD,{toValue:691,duration:10,friction:10}).start();

Animated.spring( this.state.circleRadius, { toValue: 880, friction: 10

else

this.setState({selectedIndex: index,});

Animated.spring(this.state.pathD,{toValue:357,duration:10,friction:10}).start();

Animated.spring( this.state.circleRadius, { toValue: 546, friction: 10

}

} What makes an attractive look of the tab item and the Tabbar is done by styling it. TabBar.Item = TabBarItem;

const

container: {

flex: 1,

overflow: 'hidden',

},

content: {

flexDirection:"column",

zIndex: 0,

width: (Dimensions.get('window').width - 30),

marginBottom: '4%',

left: '4%',

right: '4%',

},

subContent: {

flexDirection: 'row',

marginLeft: 15,

marginRight: 15,

marginBottom: 10,

zIndex: 1,

position: 'absolute',

bottom: 5,

},

navItem: {

flex: 1,

paddingTop: 6,

paddingBottom: 6,

alignItems: 'center',

zIndex: 0,

},

navImage: {

width: 45,

height: 45,

},

circle: {

bottom: 18,

}

}); Setting the Tabbar default state at initial state. this.state = So, that was the code to developed in the plugin.You can use this plugin in your app and make it look great, let’s check how to use it. Implementation TabBar from "react-native-tab-bar-interaction";...render() { (<TabBar><TabBar.Itemicon={require('./tab1.png')}selectedIcon={require('./tab1_sel.png')}title="Tab1"screenBackgroundColor={{ backgroundColor: '#008080' }}><View> import return </View>  
    </TabBar.Item>  
    <TabBar.Item  
     icon={require('./tab2.png')}  
     selectedIcon={require('./tab2\_sel.png')}  
     title="Tab2"  
     screenBackgroundColor={{ backgroundColor: '#F08080' }}  
 >  
    <View>  

    </View>  
    </TabBar.Item>  
    <TabBar.Item  
     icon={require('./tab3.png')}  
     selectedIcon={require('./tab3\_sel.png')}  
     title="Tab3"  
     screenBackgroundColor={{ backgroundColor: '#485d72' }}  
 >  
     <View>  

     </View>  
     </TabBar.Item>  
     </TabBar>); } After installation done as per the guideline provided on , you need to import “react-native-tab-bar-interaction” to add the Tabbar in your app. Github import Add Tabbar Item: <TabBar.Itemicon={require('./tab1.png')}selectedIcon={require('./tab1_sel.png')}title="Tab1"screenBackgroundColor={{ backgroundColor: '#008080' }}> <View>/*tabbar body content here*/</View> * Your app must contain 3 tabs. 1. Add unselected icon in this line. icon={require('./tab1.png')} 2. Add selected icon in this line. selectedIcon={require('./tab1_sel.png')} 3. Add tab title in this line. title="Tab1”mind 4. Add Tab Screen Background color in this line. screenBackgroundColor={{ backgroundColor: '#008080' }} Check full source code of React Native Tabbar on . Github _Tabbar Component For React-Native. Contribute to Mindinventory/react-native-tabbar-interaction development by creating…_github.com Mindinventory/react-native-tabbar-interaction Originally published at www.mindinventory.com on August 29, 2018.

How We Created Tabbar Plugin with React Native

Proper Navigation in SwiftUI With Coordinators: A Guide

Already the second-largest mobile operating system in China as of early 2024, Huawei launched the HarmonyOS 5.0 recently in mid-October 2024. With the global smartphone operating system market being __previously primarily dominated __by Apple’s iOS and Google’s Android, Huawei’s release of HarmonyOS challenges this duopoly. This marks a significant shift in the mainland Chinese and global technology landscape, highlighting increasing opportunities for the development of homegrown Chinese technologies. China’s Strategic Response to Trade Restrictions Huawei's decision to develop its own operating system, first released in 2017, has largely been driven by U.S. trade restrictions imposed on the company in 2019, among many others. These restrictions have limited Huawei’s access to services critical for Android devices, such as Google Mobile Services, hence the development of HarmonyOS. The subsequent development focus on HarmonyOS, accompanied by an aggressive go-to-market strategy, offers China a significant degree of technological independence while also reducing its reliance on U.S.-dominated platforms. This could provide a strategic advantage to Chinese firms, as it mitigates the risks associated with potential U.S.-led sanctions or digital supply chain disruptions imposed by the U.S. This follows a trend of other Chinese organizations, encouraged by the People’s Republic of China (PRC) government, in establishing exclusively homegrown and hosted services, including the Blockchain-based Service Network’s offerings of blockchain applications and the People’s Bank of China’s digital yuan. As a result, it is clear that there has been an explosion of homegrown Chinese technologies and services, represented by key infrastructure services such as HarmonyOS, the Blockchain Service Network, and the digital yuan. Additionally, when these technological elements are subsequently integrated with other emerging technologies such as 5G networks and artificial intelligence (AI), China's technological advancement will most certainly become accelerated, while simultaneously bolstering and potentially ensuring its digital sovereignty. Implications for Global Cooperation The emergence of HarmonyOS as a viable alternative to Western-developed operating systems could fragment the global digital market, forcing global companies to localize their services even more while also challenging local and regional companies' expansion capabilities beyond their market segments. In this respect, the growth in the adoption of HarmonyOS may also limit access to certain apps and services, particularly those developed primarily for Western platforms., Additionally, increased usage of HarmonyOS could further hinder international cooperation on topics such as cybersecurity and wireless technology standards, especially in light of different local, regional, and global regulatory frameworks and laws. This could make it difficult for internationally-driven standardization efforts to truly occur for the benefit of the consumer, instead potentially benefiting individual nation-states, organizations, and/or enterprises. The PRC has shown its far-reaching capabilities to wield global influence, already playing an active role in molding the global regulatory landscape for topics such as drones and AI through its influence in international organizations like the United Nations’ International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). By strategically placing Chinese nationals in key leadership positions and actively participating in standard-setting processes, among other means, the PRC’s motives clearly speak to its aims to promote its own technological advancements and potentially influence the future trajectory of these industries. The implementation of additional dominant software systems such as HarmonyOS, would either unwittingly and/or intentionally enable the PRC to align global regulations with its national interests and create a favorable environment for its domestic industries. Data Privacy and Surveillance Concerns Furthermore, the increased development, adoption, and focus on spreading HarmonyOS infrastructure in a mobile device manufacturer as popular as Huawei raises significant domestic and international concerns about data privacy and surveillance. For one, China's less stringent cybersecurity laws and regulations could allow the government easier access to user data. Additionally, government-mandated backdoors in operating systems like HarmonyOS could enable surveillance and data interception both locally and abroad. Data localization requirements may also force users to store data on Chinese servers, subjecting them to potential PRC seizure, but at the least, jurisdiction within China. This could have significant effects on companies with headquarters and subsidiaries within China, potentially enabling an unfair competitive advantage not only in government-based technologies but also at the corporate level. Lastly, there is also a potential for built-in surveillance features in HarmonyOS, with such techniques including enabling microphone and camera access without explicit user consent, a tactic that has been previously discovered in hardware with Chinese origins. Conclusion The long-term impact of HarmonyOS on strategic competition remains uncertain; however, it must be fully acknowledged that HarmonyOS represents a significant technological advancement for China. In light of these advancements, Chinese and global users should exercise caution, review app permissions, and stay informed about security updates in relation to HarmonyOS, especially due to potential Chinese government legislation enabling increased access to users' information by usurping existing privacy laws knowingly or unknowingly via HarmonyOS. Therefore, as the technological landscape continues to evolve, the interplay between geopolitical tensions and technological innovation will continue to shape the future of the digital age. Already the second-largest mobile operating system in China as of early 2024 , Huawei launched the HarmonyOS 5.0 recently in mid-October 2024 . With the global smartphone operating system market being __ previously primarily dominated __by Apple’s iOS and Google’s Android, Huawei’s release of HarmonyOS challenges this duopoly. This marks a significant shift in the mainland Chinese and global technology landscape, highlighting increasing opportunities for the development of homegrown Chinese technologies. early 2024 early 2024 mid-October 2024 mid-October 2024 previously primarily dominated China’s Strategic Response to Trade Restrictions China’s Strategic Response to Trade Restrictions Huawei's decision to develop its own operating system, first released in 2017 , has largely been driven by U.S. trade restrictions imposed on the company in 2019 , among many others. These restrictions have limited Huawei’s access to services critical for Android devices, such as Google Mobile Services, hence the development of HarmonyOS. first released in 2017 first released in 2017 2019 2019 The subsequent development focus on HarmonyOS, accompanied by an aggressive go-to-market strategy, offers China a significant degree of technological independence while also reducing its reliance on U.S.-dominated platforms. This could provide a strategic advantage to Chinese firms, as it mitigates the risks associated with potential U.S.-led sanctions or digital supply chain disruptions imposed by the U.S. This follows a trend of other Chinese organizations, encouraged by the People’s Republic of China (PRC) government, in establishing exclusively homegrown and hosted services, including the Blockchain-based Service Network’s offerings of blockchain applications and the People’s Bank of China’s digital yuan . blockchain applications blockchain applications digital yuan digital yuan As a result, it is clear that there has been an explosion of homegrown Chinese technologies and services, represented by key infrastructure services such as HarmonyOS, the Blockchain Service Network, and the digital yuan. Additionally, when these technological elements are subsequently integrated with other emerging technologies such as 5G networks and artificial intelligence (AI), China's technological advancement will most certainly become accelerated, while simultaneously bolstering and potentially ensuring its digital sovereignty. Implications for Global Cooperation Implications for Global Cooperation The emergence of HarmonyOS as a viable alternative to Western-developed operating systems could fragment the global digital market, forcing global companies to localize their services even more while also challenging local and regional companies' expansion capabilities beyond their market segments. In this respect, the growth in the adoption of HarmonyOS may also limit access to certain apps and services, particularly those developed primarily for Western platforms., Additionally, increased usage of HarmonyOS could further hinder international cooperation on topics such as cybersecurity and wireless technology standards, especially in light of different local, regional, and global regulatory frameworks and laws. This could make it difficult for internationally-driven standardization efforts to truly occur for the benefit of the consumer, instead potentially benefiting individual nation-states, organizations, and/or enterprises. The PRC has shown its far-reaching capabilities to wield global influence, already playing an active role in molding the global regulatory landscape for topics such as drones and AI through its influence in international organizations like the United Nations’ International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). By strategically placing Chinese nationals in key leadership positions and actively participating in standard-setting processes , among other means, the PRC’s motives clearly speak to its aims to promote its own technological advancements and potentially influence the future trajectory of these industries. key leadership positions key leadership positions standard-setting processes standard-setting processes The implementation of additional dominant software systems such as HarmonyOS, would either unwittingly and/or intentionally enable the PRC to align global regulations with its national interests and create a favorable environment for its domestic industries. Data Privacy and Surveillance Concerns Data Privacy and Surveillance Concerns Furthermore, the increased development, adoption, and focus on spreading HarmonyOS infrastructure in a mobile device manufacturer as popular as Huawei raises significant domestic and international concerns about data privacy and surveillance. For one, China's less stringent cybersecurity laws and regulations could allow the government easier access to user data. Additionally, government-mandated backdoors in operating systems like HarmonyOS could enable surveillance and data interception both locally and abroad. Data localization requirements may also force users to store data on Chinese servers, subjecting them to potential PRC seizure, but at the least, jurisdiction within China. This could have significant effects on companies with headquarters and subsidiaries within China, potentially enabling an unfair competitive advantage not only in government-based technologies but also at the corporate level. Data localization requirements Data localization requirements Lastly, there is also a potential for built-in surveillance features in HarmonyOS, with such techniques including enabling microphone and camera access without explicit user consent, a tactic that has been previously discovered in hardware with Chinese origins. previously discovered previously discovered Conclusion The long-term impact of HarmonyOS on strategic competition remains uncertain; however, it must be fully acknowledged that HarmonyOS represents a significant technological advancement for China. In light of these advancements, Chinese and global users should exercise caution, review app permissions, and stay informed about security updates in relation to HarmonyOS, especially due to potential Chinese government legislation enabling increased access to users' information by usurping existing privacy laws knowingly or unknowingly via HarmonyOS. Therefore, as the technological landscape continues to evolve, the interplay between geopolitical tensions and technological innovation will continue to shape the future of the digital age.

Huawei’s HarmonyOS: Navigating the Landscape of China’s Desire for Digital Sovereignty

Navigating Advanced Web Scraping: Insights and Expectations

Navegando por el Web Scraping avanzado: perspectivas y expectativas

Web Scraping aurreratua nabigatzen: ikuspegiak eta itxaropenak

ניווט גירוד אינטרנט מתקדם: תובנות וציפיות

Նավարկություն առաջադեմ վեբ գրություն. պատկերացումներ և ակնկալիքներ

高度なウェブスクレイピングのナビゲート: 洞察と期待

Advanced Web Scraping багыттоо: түшүнүктөр жана күтүүлөр

Кретање напредним Веб Сцрапинг: Увиди и очекивања

Navigera i avancerad webbskrapning: insikter och förväntningar

Kuelekeza Uchakachuaji wa Kina wa Wavuti: Maarifa na Matarajio

Паймоиши пешрафтаи веб: фаҳмиш ва интизориҳо

ምድህሳስ ምዕቡል ዌብ ስክራፒንግ፡ ርድኢታትን ትጽቢታትን

Kengaytirilgan veb-qismlarni navigatsiya qilish: tushunchalar va taxminlar

Many crypto users think the space is completely run by smart contracts powered by hamsters on a wheel in some warehouse. Others think it’s all mysteriously run by a shadowy organization bent on world domination. The reality is that behind that curtain are market makers. While they have nothing to do with a protocol’s contracts, they do their part to keep markets liquid and prices stable. The decentralized universe of Web3 presents opportunities and challenges for market makers. Kairon Labs, a major player in the space, agreed to contribute to this article to demystify some things and separate fact from fiction. Technical Metrics for Evaluating Web3 Asset Liquidity Market makers focus on specific metrics to gauge liquidity: Trading Volume: Indicates market activity and potential liquidity.
Order Book Depth: Helps understand the availability of buy and sell orders at different prices.
Bid-Ask Spread: Measures the difference between buying and selling prices.
Price Volatility: Reflects the extent of price fluctuations.
Slippage: Represents the difference between expected and actual trade prices. These metrics are essential for assessing trade execution ease and ensuring sufficient liquidity. Decentralization's Impact on Market Making Web3's decentralized nature reshapes the environment in which market makers live. They now operate across both centralized and decentralized exchanges. While traditional roles focus on liquidity and price stability, Web3 introduces automated market-making and on-chain liquidity pools. Navigating these environments requires innovative strategies. “While the core role of market makers remains centered on providing liquidity and reducing price volatility, the decentralized nature of Web3 introduces additional layers of complexity. The decentralized aspects of Web3, such as automated market-making and on-chain liquidity pools, require market makers to integrate new strategies and tools. Still, these remain supplementary to the primary focus on centralized exchanges,” said Kairon Labs CEO Mathias Beke. Pivoting on the Fly Blockchain technology advancements profoundly impact market makers' decision-making. For instance, breakthroughs in decentralized finance protocols, gaming, and NFTs can signal potential market volume increases. Market makers leverage these advancements to enhance trading strategies. Challenges of Operating in These Ecosystems Market makers face challenges in the fast-paced Web3 environment. Keeping up with evolving technologies demands constant vigilance. Deciding which innovations to integrate requires careful consideration. Protocol risks, such as vulnerabilities in smart contracts, can jeopardize funds. Balancing innovation with security is crucial. The rep from Kairon Labs stated, “There is always a protocol risk, where badly developed technologies could result in loss of funds. It could be hacks, exploits, or some kind of bad code.” These teams must fully understand the smart contracts they interact with to mitigate those risks. Developing proprietary smart contracts can optimize on-chain operations, liquidity provision, and trading strategies. “UniswapV4's custom Hooks exemplify the increasing importance of smart contract expertise. Any time these teams upgrade to a newer, and hopefully better, version, there’s more risk and more complexity,” added Beke. On Using Data Analytics Tools and Automated Trading Systems Tracking token movements and on-chain analytics provides valuable insights. Tools like Etherscan and Chainalysis help predict market trends and avoid skewed inventories. These insights enhance decision-making and strategy formulation. Automated trading systems are a must-have for any market maker. They enable rapid trade execution, real-time market reaction, and liquidity maintenance across multiple venues. Beke added, “All of these systems and tools are crucial in the Web3 space. They help market makers manage complex trading strategies and reduce manual intervention.” Market Making Is the Epitome of Technical Trading Market makers are the backbone of liquidity and price stability in the rapidly evolving Web3 landscape. Their reliance on technical analysis and a range of key metrics is essential for navigating the complexities introduced by decentralized environments. As they pivot between traditional and innovative strategies, these teams must remain vigilant in adapting to new technologies while balancing security and protocol risks. Advanced data analytics tools and automated trading systems streamline their operations and enhance their ability to respond swiftly to market movements. Ultimately, the successful adaptation to these challenges will determine the continued relevance and effectiveness of market makers in the dynamic crypto realm. Thanks to the Kairon Labs team for their participation. Many crypto users think the space is completely run by smart contracts powered by hamsters on a wheel in some warehouse. Others think it’s all mysteriously run by a shadowy organization bent on world domination. Many crypto users think the space is completely run by smart contracts powered by hamsters on a wheel in some warehouse. Others think it’s all mysteriously run by a shadowy organization bent on world domination. The reality is that behind that curtain are market makers. While they have nothing to do with a protocol’s contracts, they do their part to keep markets liquid and prices stable. The decentralized universe of Web3 presents opportunities and challenges for market makers. Kairon Labs, a major player in the space, agreed to contribute to this article to demystify some things and separate fact from fiction. Technical Metrics for Evaluating Web3 Asset Liquidity Market makers focus on specific metrics to gauge liquidity: Trading Volume: Indicates market activity and potential liquidity. Order Book Depth: Helps understand the availability of buy and sell orders at different prices. Bid-Ask Spread: Measures the difference between buying and selling prices. Price Volatility: Reflects the extent of price fluctuations. Slippage: Represents the difference between expected and actual trade prices. Trading Volume: Indicates market activity and potential liquidity. Order Book Depth: Helps understand the availability of buy and sell orders at different prices. Bid-Ask Spread: Measures the difference between buying and selling prices. Price Volatility: Reflects the extent of price fluctuations. Slippage: Represents the difference between expected and actual trade prices. These metrics are essential for assessing trade execution ease and ensuring sufficient liquidity. Decentralization's Impact on Market Making Web3's decentralized nature reshapes the environment in which market makers live. They now operate across both centralized and decentralized exchanges . While traditional roles focus on liquidity and price stability, Web3 introduces automated market-making and on-chain liquidity pools. Navigating these environments requires innovative strategies. decentralized exchanges decentralized exchanges “While the core role of market makers remains centered on providing liquidity and reducing price volatility, the decentralized nature of Web3 introduces additional layers of complexity. The decentralized aspects of Web3, such as automated market-making and on-chain liquidity pools, require market makers to integrate new strategies and tools. Still, these remain supplementary to the primary focus on centralized exchanges,” said Kairon Labs CEO Mathias Beke. Pivoting on the Fly Blockchain technology advancements profoundly impact market makers' decision-making. For instance, breakthroughs in decentralized finance protocols, gaming, and NFTs can signal potential market volume increases. Market makers leverage these advancements to enhance trading strategies. Challenges of Operating in These Ecosystems Market makers face challenges in the fast-paced Web3 environment. Keeping up with evolving technologies demands constant vigilance. Deciding which innovations to integrate requires careful consideration. Protocol risks, such as vulnerabilities in smart contracts , can jeopardize funds. Balancing innovation with security is crucial. such as vulnerabilities in smart contracts such as vulnerabilities in smart contracts The rep from Kairon Labs stated, “There is always a protocol risk, where badly developed technologies could result in loss of funds. It could be hacks, exploits, or some kind of bad code.” These teams must fully understand the smart contracts they interact with to mitigate those risks. Developing proprietary smart contracts can optimize on-chain operations, liquidity provision, and trading strategies. “UniswapV4's custom Hooks exemplify the increasing importance of smart contract expertise. Any time these teams upgrade to a newer, and hopefully better, version, there’s more risk and more complexity,” added Beke. “UniswapV4's custom Hooks exemplify the increasing importance of smart contract expertise. Any time these teams upgrade to a newer, and hopefully better, version, there’s more risk and more complexity,” On Using Data Analytics Tools and Automated Trading Systems Tracking token movements and on-chain analytics provides valuable insights. Tools like Etherscan and Chainalysis help predict market trends and avoid skewed inventories. These insights enhance decision-making and strategy formulation. Automated trading systems are a must-have for any market maker. They enable rapid trade execution, real-time market reaction, and liquidity maintenance across multiple venues. Beke added, “All of these systems and tools are crucial in the Web3 space. They help market makers manage complex trading strategies and reduce manual intervention.” Market Making Is the Epitome of Technical Trading Market makers are the backbone of liquidity and price stability in the rapidly evolving Web3 landscape. Their reliance on technical analysis and a range of key metrics is essential for navigating the complexities introduced by decentralized environments. As they pivot between traditional and innovative strategies, these teams must remain vigilant in adapting to new technologies while balancing security and protocol risks. Advanced data analytics tools and automated trading systems streamline their operations and enhance their ability to respond swiftly to market movements. Ultimately, the successful adaptation to these challenges will determine the continued relevance and effectiveness of market makers in the dynamic crypto realm. Thanks to the Kairon Labs team for their participation.

How Market Makers Navigating the Web3 Landscape With Technical Precision

Navigating the LLM Landscape: A Comparative Analysis of Open-Source Models

Hey Hackers!CraveHRO has been nominated inHackerNoon's Startup of the Year 2024 awards in New York, US under the Professional Services category. Please vote for us here: https://hackernoon.com/startups/north-america/north-america-new-york-us-usa?stup=66f321476ea4677e23df8418&embedable=true Read more about us below to understand why we deserve your vote. Meet CraveHRO CraveHRO is a full-service HR consulting firm dedicated to simplifying human resources for small businesses across the nation. We help our clients remain compliant, foster a positive workplace culture, and handle complex HR challenges with compassion and expertise. Can you give us some background on your company? What’s its origin story? CraveHRO was born out of the realization that many small businesses lacked access to affordable and effective HR solutions. Our founder, Nicole Craveiro, started the company in 2021 after experiencing a toxic corporate culture firsthand and recognizing the need for better HR practices. With a mission to make HR support accessible, Nicole set out to create a consultancy focused on compliance, mental health awareness, and proactive solutions for small employers. What sets your company apart from the competition? We pride ourselves on our deep commitment to mental health in the workplace. Our HR strategies not only ensure compliance but also prioritize employee well-being. Our personal touch and focus on compassionate solutions help us stand out in the HR industry, making sure no small business feels overwhelmed by the complexities of human resources. What are some of the most innovative projects or products your company is working on right now? How do they address current market needs? Right now, we’re excited about CraveWave, a customizable HR client cloud designed to automate foundational HR tasks and help businesses streamline compliance without the hefty price tag. It’s a time-saver for small employers who want HR tools at their fingertips without needing an in-house department. How does your company measure success? What are the core metrics your company uses? We measure success by the satisfaction of our clients and the positive impact we make on their workplace environments. Core metrics include client retention, employee engagement improvements, and reduced compliance issues for the businesses we serve. What are the biggest challenges your company faces, and how are you planning to overcome them? One of the biggest challenges we’re navigating is scaling our services while maintaining the personalized, hands-on support our clients love. As we expand our reach, we're focused on optimizing tech solutions like CraveWave while continuing to provide tailored consulting services. What was the moment when you felt the most proud? A recent proud moment came when a standalone project client said, “You’ve been so helpful, how do I keep working with you?” That turning point confirmed we were truly making a difference in our clients' operations. Where do you see your company 5 years from now? CraveHRO becoming the go-to HR partner for small employers looking to stay compliant and create positive workplace cultures. What’s the best advice you’ve gotten? Keep doing what you’re doing, you haven’t made the wrong move yet! Why we decided to participate in HackerNoon's Startup of the Year Awards We decided to participate in HackerNoon’s Startup of the Year Awards to showcase the impact of HR done right and to connect with other innovative companies in the tech and business landscape. Final Thoughts We believe HR can be a pillar of support for small businesses, helping them grow while protecting their teams. CraveHRO is here to prove that HR doesn’t have to be complicated or impersonal. Vote for us today! Hey Hackers! CraveHRO has been nominated in HackerNoon's Startup of the Year 2024 awards in New York, US under the Professional Services category. HackerNoon's Startup of the Year 2024 Please vote for us here: https://hackernoon.com/startups/north-america/north-america-new-york-us-usa?stup=66f321476ea4677e23df8418&embedable=true https://hackernoon.com/startups/north-america/north-america-new-york-us-usa?stup=66f321476ea4677e23df8418&embedable=true Read more about us below to understand why we deserve your vote. Meet CraveHRO CraveHRO is a full-service HR consulting firm dedicated to simplifying human resources for small businesses across the nation. We help our clients remain compliant, foster a positive workplace culture, and handle complex HR challenges with compassion and expertise. Can you give us some background on your company? What’s its origin story? CraveHRO was born out of the realization that many small businesses lacked access to affordable and effective HR solutions. Our founder, Nicole Craveiro, started the company in 2021 after experiencing a toxic corporate culture firsthand and recognizing the need for better HR practices. With a mission to make HR support accessible, Nicole set out to create a consultancy focused on compliance, mental health awareness, and proactive solutions for small employers. What sets your company apart from the competition? We pride ourselves on our deep commitment to mental health in the workplace. Our HR strategies not only ensure compliance but also prioritize employee well-being. Our personal touch and focus on compassionate solutions help us stand out in the HR industry, making sure no small business feels overwhelmed by the complexities of human resources. What are some of the most innovative projects or products your company is working on right now? How do they address current market needs? Right now, we’re excited about CraveWave, a customizable HR client cloud designed to automate foundational HR tasks and help businesses streamline compliance without the hefty price tag. It’s a time-saver for small employers who want HR tools at their fingertips without needing an in-house department. How does your company measure success? What are the core metrics your company uses? We measure success by the satisfaction of our clients and the positive impact we make on their workplace environments. Core metrics include client retention, employee engagement improvements, and reduced compliance issues for the businesses we serve. What are the biggest challenges your company faces, and how are you planning to overcome them? One of the biggest challenges we’re navigating is scaling our services while maintaining the personalized, hands-on support our clients love. As we expand our reach, we're focused on optimizing tech solutions like CraveWave while continuing to provide tailored consulting services. What was the moment when you felt the most proud? A recent proud moment came when a standalone project client said, “You’ve been so helpful, how do I keep working with you?” That turning point confirmed we were truly making a difference in our clients' operations. Where do you see your company 5 years from now? CraveHRO becoming the go-to HR partner for small employers looking to stay compliant and create positive workplace cultures. What’s the best advice you’ve gotten? Keep doing what you’re doing, you haven’t made the wrong move yet! Why we decided to participate in HackerNoon's Startup of the Year Awards We decided to participate in HackerNoon’s Startup of the Year Awards to showcase the impact of HR done right and to connect with other innovative companies in the tech and business landscape. Final Thoughts We believe HR can be a pillar of support for small businesses, helping them grow while protecting their teams. CraveHRO is here to prove that HR doesn’t have to be complicated or impersonal. Vote for us today! Vote for us today ! Vote for us today

Navigating HR Compliance with Care: Introducing CraveHRO, Startups of the Year 2024 Nominee

As promised, this is the second (and final) part of the Startup Acquisition article, which will walk startup founders and leaders through the due diligence and negotiation processes. You can find the first part of the article here. Prepare a quantitative view of the business - financial statements, KPIs, and audit reports: This is perhaps one of the most critical steps to ensure that you’re representing the business accurately and in good faith to potential acquirers. The leadership team (and specifically the CFO, if you have one) should work with your accountant to prepare the historical financial statements (income statement, cash flow statement, and balance sheet) and gather the relevant audit reports. In Software/SaaS acquisitions, buyers will also focus on key metrics such as ARR growth, gross and net revenue retention, logo retention, gross margins, operating expenses, and burn rate. Most sellers also provide projected financials that show the business’ expected financial trajectory and serve as an important tool to convey the attractiveness of the business – especially if you have a credible methodology to forecast your revenue and ARR for the next couple of years based on existing sales pipeline and customer contracts.


Getting to the business end of the process – letter of intent (LOI) and due diligence (DD): Once you’ve selected a potential buyer based on initial conversations and bids, you will typically sign a (non-binding) letter of intent (LOI) that will give the selected buyer 4-8 weeks of exclusivity to complete due diligence and negotiation of final agreements. The buyer will also agree to a strict confidentiality clause as part of the LOI. In this phase, the buyer will both conduct management meetings and ask for documents / files that cover the product and technology, historical business performance (see step 4 above), key customer contracts, sales pipeline, employment contracts, and other relevant details about the operations, tax filings, and legal structure of the business. The seller typically opens a virtual data room (VDR) which is an online portal to share all these documents and answer questions from the buyer.
If you have an investment bank representing you, the bank will work with you to prepare you for the relevant meetings and collect the data. However, if you don’t have a bank representing you, the leadership team will need to work with your lawyer to gather all this information and answer relevant questions from the buyer. Note that this process is time consuming, and you might not always have what the buyer is asking for. When you don’t have the information, it’s important to understand the buyer’s intent behind specific requests and work with them to answer questions based on available information.

Getting to the finish line and preparing for what comes next: First thing to keep in mind is that the LOI is a non-binding agreement. If through the diligence process the buyer finds concerns with the business, they have the right to walk away from the transaction. Most buyers are mindful of their reputation in the M&A circles and will only walk away if there are issues that are real deal breakers, but you must be prepared for this eventuality.
Assuming the diligence process goes smoothly, about 2-3 weeks before the exclusivity period runs out, you should start working with your lawyer to negotiate a sale & purchase agreement (SPA) and employment contracts (for employees who will work for the buyer after the acquisition). Startup founders should think carefully about what percentage of their payout they’re willing to receive in stock (i.e. buyers’ stock) and how long (and in which role) they are willing to work for the buyer after the acquisition. Buyers like paying part of the acquisition price in stock because it both reduces the upfront cash payment and helps ensure that the seller has a vested interest in making the acquisition a success. M&A processes are not easy to navigate and require dealing with a lot of scrutiny and uncertainty along the way. Therefore, it’s important to be aware of what you’re getting into and prepare beforehand to make the process as streamlined as possible. Hopefully this article was a helpful start for those who are new to the process and stay tuned for more content related to startups, technology, and M&A! As promised, this is the second (and final) part of the Startup Acquisition article, which will walk startup founders and leaders through the due diligence and negotiation processes. You can find the first part of the article here . here Prepare a quantitative view of the business - financial statements, KPIs, and audit reports: This is perhaps one of the most critical steps to ensure that you’re representing the business accurately and in good faith to potential acquirers. The leadership team (and specifically the CFO, if you have one) should work with your accountant to prepare the historical financial statements (income statement, cash flow statement, and balance sheet) and gather the relevant audit reports. In Software/SaaS acquisitions, buyers will also focus on key metrics such as ARR growth, gross and net revenue retention, logo retention, gross margins, operating expenses, and burn rate. Most sellers also provide projected financials that show the business’ expected financial trajectory and serve as an important tool to convey the attractiveness of the business – especially if you have a credible methodology to forecast your revenue and ARR for the next couple of years based on existing sales pipeline and customer contracts. Getting to the business end of the process – letter of intent (LOI) and due diligence (DD): Once you’ve selected a potential buyer based on initial conversations and bids, you will typically sign a (non-binding) letter of intent (LOI) that will give the selected buyer 4-8 weeks of exclusivity to complete due diligence and negotiation of final agreements. The buyer will also agree to a strict confidentiality clause as part of the LOI. In this phase, the buyer will both conduct management meetings and ask for documents / files that cover the product and technology, historical business performance (see step 4 above), key customer contracts, sales pipeline, employment contracts, and other relevant details about the operations, tax filings, and legal structure of the business. The seller typically opens a virtual data room (VDR) which is an online portal to share all these documents and answer questions from the buyer.
If you have an investment bank representing you, the bank will work with you to prepare you for the relevant meetings and collect the data. However, if you don’t have a bank representing you, the leadership team will need to work with your lawyer to gather all this information and answer relevant questions from the buyer. Note that this process is time consuming, and you might not always have what the buyer is asking for. When you don’t have the information, it’s important to understand the buyer’s intent behind specific requests and work with them to answer questions based on available information. Getting to the finish line and preparing for what comes next: First thing to keep in mind is that the LOI is a non-binding agreement. If through the diligence process the buyer finds concerns with the business, they have the right to walk away from the transaction. Most buyers are mindful of their reputation in the M&A circles and will only walk away if there are issues that are real deal breakers, but you must be prepared for this eventuality.
Assuming the diligence process goes smoothly, about 2-3 weeks before the exclusivity period runs out, you should start working with your lawyer to negotiate a sale & purchase agreement (SPA) and employment contracts (for employees who will work for the buyer after the acquisition). Startup founders should think carefully about what percentage of their payout they’re willing to receive in stock (i.e. buyers’ stock) and how long (and in which role) they are willing to work for the buyer after the acquisition. Buyers like paying part of the acquisition price in stock because it both reduces the upfront cash payment and helps ensure that the seller has a vested interest in making the acquisition a success. Prepare a quantitative view of the business - financial statements, KPIs, and audit reports: This is perhaps one of the most critical steps to ensure that you’re representing the business accurately and in good faith to potential acquirers. The leadership team (and specifically the CFO, if you have one) should work with your accountant to prepare the historical financial statements (income statement, cash flow statement, and balance sheet) and gather the relevant audit reports. In Software/SaaS acquisitions, buyers will also focus on key metrics such as ARR growth, gross and net revenue retention, logo retention, gross margins, operating expenses, and burn rate. Most sellers also provide projected financials that show the business’ expected financial trajectory and serve as an important tool to convey the attractiveness of the business – especially if you have a credible methodology to forecast your revenue and ARR for the next couple of years based on existing sales pipeline and customer contracts. Prepare a quantitative view of the business - financial statements, KPIs, and audit reports: This is perhaps one of the most critical steps to ensure that you’re representing the business accurately and in good faith to potential acquirers. The leadership team (and specifically the CFO, if you have one) should work with your accountant to prepare the historical financial statements (income statement, cash flow statement, and balance sheet) and gather the relevant audit reports. In Software/SaaS acquisitions, buyers will also focus on key metrics such as ARR growth, gross and net revenue retention, logo retention, gross margins, operating expenses, and burn rate. Most sellers also provide projected financials that show the business’ expected financial trajectory and serve as an important tool to convey the attractiveness of the business – especially if you have a credible methodology to forecast your revenue and ARR for the next couple of years based on existing sales pipeline and customer contracts. Prepare a quantitative view of the business - financial statements, KPIs, and audit reports: Getting to the business end of the process – letter of intent (LOI) and due diligence (DD): Once you’ve selected a potential buyer based on initial conversations and bids, you will typically sign a (non-binding) letter of intent (LOI) that will give the selected buyer 4-8 weeks of exclusivity to complete due diligence and negotiation of final agreements. The buyer will also agree to a strict confidentiality clause as part of the LOI. In this phase, the buyer will both conduct management meetings and ask for documents / files that cover the product and technology, historical business performance (see step 4 above), key customer contracts, sales pipeline, employment contracts, and other relevant details about the operations, tax filings, and legal structure of the business. The seller typically opens a virtual data room (VDR) which is an online portal to share all these documents and answer questions from the buyer. If you have an investment bank representing you, the bank will work with you to prepare you for the relevant meetings and collect the data. However, if you don’t have a bank representing you, the leadership team will need to work with your lawyer to gather all this information and answer relevant questions from the buyer. Note that this process is time consuming, and you might not always have what the buyer is asking for. When you don’t have the information, it’s important to understand the buyer’s intent behind specific requests and work with them to answer questions based on available information. Getting to the business end of the process – letter of intent (LOI) and due diligence (DD): Once you’ve selected a potential buyer based on initial conversations and bids, you will typically sign a (non-binding) letter of intent (LOI) that will give the selected buyer 4-8 weeks of exclusivity to complete due diligence and negotiation of final agreements. The buyer will also agree to a strict confidentiality clause as part of the LOI. In this phase, the buyer will both conduct management meetings and ask for documents / files that cover the product and technology, historical business performance (see step 4 above), key customer contracts, sales pipeline, employment contracts, and other relevant details about the operations, tax filings, and legal structure of the business. The seller typically opens a virtual data room (VDR) which is an online portal to share all these documents and answer questions from the buyer. Getting to the business end of the process – letter of intent (LOI) and due diligence (DD): If you have an investment bank representing you, the bank will work with you to prepare you for the relevant meetings and collect the data. However, if you don’t have a bank representing you, the leadership team will need to work with your lawyer to gather all this information and answer relevant questions from the buyer. Note that this process is time consuming, and you might not always have what the buyer is asking for. When you don’t have the information, it’s important to understand the buyer’s intent behind specific requests and work with them to answer questions based on available information. Getting to the finish line and preparing for what comes next: First thing to keep in mind is that the LOI is a non-binding agreement. If through the diligence process the buyer finds concerns with the business, they have the right to walk away from the transaction. Most buyers are mindful of their reputation in the M&A circles and will only walk away if there are issues that are real deal breakers, but you must be prepared for this eventuality. Assuming the diligence process goes smoothly, about 2-3 weeks before the exclusivity period runs out, you should start working with your lawyer to negotiate a sale & purchase agreement (SPA) and employment contracts (for employees who will work for the buyer after the acquisition). Startup founders should think carefully about what percentage of their payout they’re willing to receive in stock (i.e. buyers’ stock) and how long (and in which role) they are willing to work for the buyer after the acquisition. Buyers like paying part of the acquisition price in stock because it both reduces the upfront cash payment and helps ensure that the seller has a vested interest in making the acquisition a success. Getting to the finish line and preparing for what comes next: First thing to keep in mind is that the LOI is a non-binding agreement. If through the diligence process the buyer finds concerns with the business, they have the right to walk away from the transaction. Most buyers are mindful of their reputation in the M&A circles and will only walk away if there are issues that are real deal breakers, but you must be prepared for this eventuality. Getting to the finish line and preparing for what comes next: Assuming the diligence process goes smoothly, about 2-3 weeks before the exclusivity period runs out, you should start working with your lawyer to negotiate a sale & purchase agreement (SPA) and employment contracts (for employees who will work for the buyer after the acquisition). Startup founders should think carefully about what percentage of their payout they’re willing to receive in stock (i.e. buyers’ stock) and how long (and in which role) they are willing to work for the buyer after the acquisition. Buyers like paying part of the acquisition price in stock because it both reduces the upfront cash payment and helps ensure that the seller has a vested interest in making the acquisition a success. M&A processes are not easy to navigate and require dealing with a lot of scrutiny and uncertainty along the way. Therefore, it’s important to be aware of what you’re getting into and prepare beforehand to make the process as streamlined as possible. Hopefully this article was a helpful start for those who are new to the process and stay tuned for more content related to startups, technology, and M&A!

Startup Acquisitions: How to Navigate an Acquisition Process as a Seller (Part 2 of 2)

Adquisiciones de empresas emergentes: cómo abordar un proceso de adquisición como vendedor (segunda parte de dos)

This is the first part of a two-part discussion where I will outline how startup founders and leaders can prepare for a potential acquisition (as a seller). In this article, I’ll discuss understanding goals of the M&A process, presenting your business’ story to prospective buyers, and hiring banking and legal advisors for the process. In the second (and final) article, I’ll cover how to prepare for due diligence, negotiating valuation and acquisition terms, and preparing to exit (or stay with) the business. Quick Intro I have worked for over 7 years in technology private equity, M&A, and corporate strategy roles after starting out as a software engineer. Here is my LinkedIn profile in case you want to know more about me. Why should you care about the M&A process as a tech leader? The overall market for new tech investments and the demand environment for software continue to be tepid despite notable funding rounds for AI companies. In such an environment, acquisitions are an important exit path for startups that don’t see a path to breakout scale as independent businesses and are looking for liquidity for their employees and investors. Most startup founders and leaders are new to the M&A process, so developing a foundational understanding of M&A goals, processes, and tactics can ease the path to a potential acquisition or merger and help you negotiate an attractive exit. What to do once you start having M&A conversations? Figure out why you’re being acquired? Tech M&A deals come in many forms, including strategic acquisitions to expand product portfolio, horizontal mergers (two similar companies combining to increase market share), acqui-hires, and technology-focused acquisitions. While acquirers can have different theses, you should use initial M&A conversations to identify the two or three main reasons buyers are interested in the business. Understanding the goals of the acquisition from the buyer’s perspective will help you in two important ways:
First, it will help you better present your story and business to potential acquirers.Second, if you understand the buyers’ objectives and alternatives, you can strategically negotiate valuation to get an attractive price while still being more appealing than the next best alternative.

Getting the right help - engage an advisor (i.e. investment bank): Deciding whether to engage an investment bank to represent you during the acquisition process is an important decision. First, it affects the amount of work your leadership needs to do to reach out to potential buyers, vet the list of buyers, and prepare due diligence materials for the buyer to evaluate the business. Second, investment banks can charge anywhere between 2% and 10% of the total purchase price (i.e. enterprise value), so the decision to engage (or not engage) a bank will have a meaningful impact on the payout for investors and employees. As a rule of thumb, if your business is generating more than $1-2 million in ARR (annual recurring revenue), it’s worth engaging an investment bank to help run the sale process. For smaller deals, you can get by without a bank if you’re willing to roll-up your sleeves and spend time preparing diligence materials for your buyers. If you decide to go solo, your investors can be valuable resources during the M&A process to vet buyers, help prepare diligence materials, and negotiate with selected parties.


Lawyer Up – hire M&A council: While you can decide to run the process without an investment bank, in almost all cases, you should retain a trusted M&A lawyer to help craft the NDA (non-disclosure agreement), prepare legal documents that buyers might request, and negotiate the terms of the final sale & purchase agreement (SPA), which will outline the details of the transaction. Again, your investors can be very valuable resources in selecting the right M&A lawyer as almost all investors retain legal counsel to help them with new investments and other legal processes. That’s it for now, and I’ll cover the due diligence, negotiation, and exit process in the next article. Stay tuned! This is the first part of a two-part discussion where I will outline how startup founders and leaders can prepare for a potential acquisition (as a seller). In this article, I’ll discuss understanding goals of the M&A process, presenting your business’ story to prospective buyers, and hiring banking and legal advisors for the process. In the second (and final) article, I’ll cover how to prepare for due diligence, negotiating valuation and acquisition terms, and preparing to exit (or stay with) the business. Quick Intro Quick Intro I have worked for over 7 years in technology private equity, M&A, and corporate strategy roles after starting out as a software engineer. Here is my LinkedIn profile in case you want to know more about me. LinkedIn Why should you care about the M&A process as a tech leader? The overall market for new tech investments and the demand environment for software continue to be tepid despite notable funding rounds for AI companies. In such an environment, acquisitions are an important exit path for startups that don’t see a path to breakout scale as independent businesses and are looking for liquidity for their employees and investors. Most startup founders and leaders are new to the M&A process, so developing a foundational understanding of M&A goals, processes, and tactics can ease the path to a potential acquisition or merger and help you negotiate an attractive exit. What to do once you start having M&A conversations? Figure out why you’re being acquired? Tech M&A deals come in many forms, including strategic acquisitions to expand product portfolio, horizontal mergers (two similar companies combining to increase market share), acqui-hires, and technology-focused acquisitions. While acquirers can have different theses, you should use initial M&A conversations to identify the two or three main reasons buyers are interested in the business. Understanding the goals of the acquisition from the buyer’s perspective will help you in two important ways:
First, it will help you better present your story and business to potential acquirers.Second, if you understand the buyers’ objectives and alternatives, you can strategically negotiate valuation to get an attractive price while still being more appealing than the next best alternative. Getting the right help - engage an advisor (i.e. investment bank): Deciding whether to engage an investment bank to represent you during the acquisition process is an important decision. First, it affects the amount of work your leadership needs to do to reach out to potential buyers, vet the list of buyers, and prepare due diligence materials for the buyer to evaluate the business. Second, investment banks can charge anywhere between 2% and 10% of the total purchase price (i.e. enterprise value), so the decision to engage (or not engage) a bank will have a meaningful impact on the payout for investors and employees. As a rule of thumb, if your business is generating more than $1-2 million in ARR (annual recurring revenue), it’s worth engaging an investment bank to help run the sale process. For smaller deals, you can get by without a bank if you’re willing to roll-up your sleeves and spend time preparing diligence materials for your buyers. If you decide to go solo, your investors can be valuable resources during the M&A process to vet buyers, help prepare diligence materials, and negotiate with selected parties. Lawyer Up – hire M&A council: While you can decide to run the process without an investment bank, in almost all cases, you should retain a trusted M&A lawyer to help craft the NDA (non-disclosure agreement), prepare legal documents that buyers might request, and negotiate the terms of the final sale & purchase agreement (SPA), which will outline the details of the transaction. Again, your investors can be very valuable resources in selecting the right M&A lawyer as almost all investors retain legal counsel to help them with new investments and other legal processes. Figure out why you’re being acquired? Tech M&A deals come in many forms, including strategic acquisitions to expand product portfolio, horizontal mergers (two similar companies combining to increase market share), acqui-hires, and technology-focused acquisitions. While acquirers can have different theses, you should use initial M&A conversations to identify the two or three main reasons buyers are interested in the business. Understanding the goals of the acquisition from the buyer’s perspective will help you in two important ways: First, it will help you better present your story and business to potential acquirers. Second, if you understand the buyers’ objectives and alternatives, you can strategically negotiate valuation to get an attractive price while still being more appealing than the next best alternative. Figure out why you’re being acquired? Tech M&A deals come in many forms, including strategic acquisitions to expand product portfolio, horizontal mergers (two similar companies combining to increase market share), acqui-hires, and technology-focused acquisitions. While acquirers can have different theses, you should use initial M&A conversations to identify the two or three main reasons buyers are interested in the business. Understanding the goals of the acquisition from the buyer’s perspective will help you in two important ways: Figure out why you’re being acquired? First , it will help you better present your story and business to potential acquirers. First Second , if you understand the buyers’ objectives and alternatives, you can strategically negotiate valuation to get an attractive price while still being more appealing than the next best alternative. Second Getting the right help - engage an advisor (i.e. investment bank): Deciding whether to engage an investment bank to represent you during the acquisition process is an important decision. First, it affects the amount of work your leadership needs to do to reach out to potential buyers, vet the list of buyers, and prepare due diligence materials for the buyer to evaluate the business. Second, investment banks can charge anywhere between 2% and 10% of the total purchase price (i.e. enterprise value), so the decision to engage (or not engage) a bank will have a meaningful impact on the payout for investors and employees. As a rule of thumb, if your business is generating more than $1-2 million in ARR (annual recurring revenue), it’s worth engaging an investment bank to help run the sale process. For smaller deals, you can get by without a bank if you’re willing to roll-up your sleeves and spend time preparing diligence materials for your buyers. If you decide to go solo, your investors can be valuable resources during the M&A process to vet buyers, help prepare diligence materials, and negotiate with selected parties. Getting the right help - engage an advisor (i.e. investment bank): Deciding whether to engage an investment bank to represent you during the acquisition process is an important decision. First, it affects the amount of work your leadership needs to do to reach out to potential buyers, vet the list of buyers, and prepare due diligence materials for the buyer to evaluate the business. Second, investment banks can charge anywhere between 2% and 10% of the total purchase price (i.e. enterprise value), so the decision to engage (or not engage) a bank will have a meaningful impact on the payout for investors and employees. As a rule of thumb, if your business is generating more than $1-2 million in ARR (annual recurring revenue), it’s worth engaging an investment bank to help run the sale process. For smaller deals, you can get by without a bank if you’re willing to roll-up your sleeves and spend time preparing diligence materials for your buyers. If you decide to go solo, your investors can be valuable resources during the M&A process to vet buyers, help prepare diligence materials, and negotiate with selected parties. Getting the right help - engage an advisor (i.e. investment bank): As a rule of thumb, if your business is generating more than $1-2 million in ARR (annual recurring revenue), it’s worth engaging an investment bank to help run the sale process. Lawyer Up – hire M&A council: While you can decide to run the process without an investment bank, in almost all cases, you should retain a trusted M&A lawyer to help craft the NDA (non-disclosure agreement), prepare legal documents that buyers might request, and negotiate the terms of the final sale & purchase agreement (SPA), which will outline the details of the transaction. Again, your investors can be very valuable resources in selecting the right M&A lawyer as almost all investors retain legal counsel to help them with new investments and other legal processes. Lawyer Up – hire M&A council: While you can decide to run the process without an investment bank, in almost all cases, you should retain a trusted M&A lawyer to help craft the NDA (non-disclosure agreement), prepare legal documents that buyers might request, and negotiate the terms of the final sale & purchase agreement (SPA), which will outline the details of the transaction. Again, your investors can be very valuable resources in selecting the right M&A lawyer as almost all investors retain legal counsel to help them with new investments and other legal processes. Lawyer Up – hire M&A council: That’s it for now, and I’ll cover the due diligence, negotiation, and exit process in the next article. Stay tuned!

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