The Interaction Design Foundation (IxDF) is the largest online design school globally. We were founded in 2002 and have over 120,000 graduates. We're market leaders in online design education because the world's leading experts create our content and because we're specialized in design. Our courses cover the entire spectrum of UX design from beginner to advanced. Our online, self-paced design courses: https://www.interaction-design.org/courses Our full story: https://www.interaction-design.org/about

Interaction Design Foundation

Howdy Hackers! I’m Valerie and I’m in Business Operations @ Squad, a payment company in Nigeria. First off, I’d like to express my gratitude to the staff, and all other beautiful humans of HackerNoon, for nominating me for a 2022 Noonies award! I’ve been nominated for the following categories and if you think my writing offers good value, please take some time to check out these award pages and vote for me: HACKERNOON CONTRIBUTOR OF THE YEAR- HUMOR ALL ABOUT TEAMWORK As a writer in the tech industry, I believe that Fintech is the most exciting technology of the present because the world revolves around technology, payments, and finance. The interview below explains my views on embedded finance and my journey in the tech industry. 1. What do you currently do and what’s your favorite part about it? I work in a payment company - Squad in Nigeria. We launched in June 2022 and it’s been an exciting experience so far. The best part of what I do is having to interact with customers, getting to know how Squad has helped them with their payment needs. Getting to discover how much more we can enhance the product to suit their needs even better. The truth is every great product starts and ends with our customers and we never want to lose sight of that. 2. How did you get started with your Tech Career? I started my career in the bank even though I majored in CS. In my country at the time, it was the next best field for new graduates if they could not get into oil and gas. I started in customer service and gradually moved to different departments in the company. Teller services, loans, products, promotions, e-commerce, and experiential marketing with a lot of focus on SMEs. This was the discovering phase of my corporate life and I’m thankful for the exposure. With the proliferation of fintech and my experience, my move into the fintech space was only natural and I’m excited about the future. 3. If Utopia were a color what color do you think it’d be and why? I would choose blue. Why blue? Well for one, it’s my favorite colour. 🙂 Many illustrations - blue skies, blue seas, blue eyes, etc. - most times evoke peace, tranquility, and security and these are the elements that foster inspiration and innovation, especially in a world of chaos and instability. 4. If everything about HackerNoon changed drastically, what is one detail you’d like to keep exactly the same?  OR What’s your favorite thing to do with HackerNoon and why? The liberty to write as one chooses - as freely but as humanely as possible. 5. Tell us more about the things you write/make/manage/build! My love for writing started some twenty-something years ago. I never knew I was capable of writing till I tried it one day. I like writing about my experiences and the experiences of others. I particularly love humorous content. I have always believed that if written content, without the help of facial expressions, body movements, videos, pictures, or sound, was hilarious, then, the humor was as original and existential as can be. Humor in tech takes it to a whole new level because let’s face it, technology is generally perceived to be a field that’s for nerds and geeks who need to be serious to be taken seriously which is one of the reasons why I love stories on HackerNoon. It’s home to several talented, charismatic and amusing tech writers. 6. What’s your favorite thing about the internet? I live for the memes on the internet. On any platform, I find them but more like on a place like HackerNoon that already encourages this. Humor just like Love is all around us and in us. Like with all skills, it takes a bit of soul searching to discover, harness, and nurture them but it’s there. It never left. And while adulthood has a way of damping that inner child that loves to laugh, we have to protect that child within cause without it, we start to lose our essence, our humanity, our soul. 7. It’s an apocalypse of ‘walking dead’ proportions and you can only own a singular piece of technology, what would it be? It has to be a mobile phone for me. Beyond the primary reason for mobile phones which is the ease of communication, the mobile phone has become a necessary piece of technology able to provide multiple functions. As with several devices or tech tools, without access to the internet, there’s a limit to how much a phone can do these days but I have now come to accept my mobile phone does so much for me without me realizing it. 8. What is your least favorite thing about the internet? The intrusion and lack of privacy get to me now and then. I recall times when I needed to search the internet for a word or item but I’ll have to open a web browser in incognito mode to avoid getting flustered with unending product recommendations from google. And I’m sure this still does not puts me in the clear from robots eavesdropping on my conversations. 9. If you were given $10 million to invest in something today what would you invest in and why? In my country, where commerce is limited by so many crucial factors, I would want to do something different in the commerce space. Using creative and practical ways to solve problems on funding, logistics, sourcing, distribution, and everything along the supply chain. 10. What’s something you’re currently learning or excited to learn? I recently came across the learning platform . I have been learning about UX/UI on and off but am excited to take an actual course and start applying myself in this somewhat new territory. interaction design foundation 11. Would you rather travel 10 years into the past or 10 years into the future? Give reasons for your answer. Why do I feel like this is a trick question? lol 10 years in the past will have me looking younger so I’ll definitely be rooting for that if it’s up for voting 😄 I have been fortunate in the past 10 years and TBH, I’ll love to do it all again but maybe a little differently, not because I have regret but rather to have more impact with what I now know.

Teamwork, Humor and Fintech: Interview with 2022 Noonies Nominee Valerie Ejegi 

Card sorting isn't only useful as a method for discovering the optimal organization of information on a site. ( ). The ancient Greeks are credited with the early development of categories, with Aristotle providing the foundations for the categorization scheme that we use today for plants and animals Interaction Design Foundation Since then, card sorting has developed into a sophisticated multi-purpose method that is used in many different fields today, which we will discuss in this article. (as we know it in the UX field) is a quick, inexpensive, and reliable usability method for designing and evaluating the information architecture (IA) of a site. It helps designers to understand the users’ “mental models” and gather insight into how users would group content to perform common tasks. Card sorting Card sorting as an educational method Card sort in the means of education is designed to let students organize and test their knowledge about a topic in an engaging way. When reviewing the study material in the classroom, it is especially useful when students are working on a problem in pairs or groups. This helps them to build communication, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills, on top of deepening their knowledge about a topic. Moreover, it allows students to tutor and help one another. Besides reviewing study materials, card sorting may also be used instead of giving traditional exams. There are a few different ways how to use card sort in the classroom: Problems with answers Reviews for vocabulary Matchups Sorting and classifying Example of vocabulary review - match all the synonyms together Try it yourself here to test your vocabulary and see how it works! :) Example of sorting and classifying - review the differences between animal and plant cells Card sorting in personal development Knowing what people value most in their work, relationships, and other commitments makes it easier for them to respond to opportunities and conflicts with integrity. Card sorting is a great way to reflect upon what is most important to everyone personally. It is also one of the techniques counselors use to help clients clarify their skills and occupational interests. Example of clarifying values with card sorting When thinking about personal values, people often tend to identify ones that are too large in nature, like health, family, friends. Although they are extremely valuable, they are difficult to understand and apply. Sorting cards helps to understand what other values underpin those global, large values. Steps to clarifying values with card sorting Create around 30 value cards like belonging, trust, risk, compassion, creativity, challenge,... Choose one large value like family Sort the value cards into two piles: 'more important' and 'less important', in the context of  the chosen large value (family) Take the values you identified as 'more important' and repeat the process of sorting them into two piles again: 'more important' and 'less important', and repeat this process until you end up with 6 final values Create a pyramid, with the 3 most important foundation values at the bottom and the less important values at the top in the context of family Reason the choice of your cards, as well as their position within the pyramid You will end up with a strong understanding and explanation of the core values that underpin the larger value (family in this example) and make it easier for you to respond to opportunities and conflicts when they arise. Watch the value cards tutorial: Card sorting may be also used in a similar way when identifying personal skills, which helps clarify what sort of work might be a good fit for someone, as well as marketing one's abilities on a job interview. Card sorting as a tool for gathering feedback Card sort is also a helpful tool when gathering feedback from employees, colleagues, students, etc. It can be easily set up, and send out to all your respondents within a matter of minutes. For example, it can be used to gather feedback from employees, where they categorize the adopted COVID-19 measures based on their preference into categories: 'I don't mind', 'Unpleasant', 'Very unpleasant'. Card sorting can be used in a similar way to let employees evaluate the company benefits - which ones they like, which ones they dislike, and towards which ones they're indifferent. Card sorting in psychology Card sorting tests also have a long tradition in psychology. For example, the now-famous Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, which was published in 1948, is used to assess patients' level of brain damage to the prefrontal cortex. In the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, people have to classify cards according to different criteria. There are different ways to classify each card, for example, according to the color of their symbols, the shape of the symbols, or the number of the shapes on each card, and the only feedback is whether the classification is correct or not. Thanks to this feedback, the individual has to find out what is the correct criteria to classify the cards. The classification rule changes once the participant has figured out the rule. This serves to measure how well people can adapt to the changing rules. Watch the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: You reached the end of our list of possible and unusual ways to use card sorting. Have you ever used card sorting in any non-traditional way, or do you know any other interesting uses of card sorting that we did not mention? We want to hear from you, let us know!

Different Ways to Use Card Sorting

The benefits of developer communities cannot be over-emphasized in the growth of developers from peer-programming to sharing knowledge, mentorship, sharing support, sharing tools, code reviews, answering questions, and much more. Communities are usually built on shared struggles of individuals learning in a particular region, and the goals of each community differ per the individual's collective needs. Over the years, these developer communities have grown across the world with different goals and missions but still with the general aim of providing a platform for developers to learn, interact, share ideas, support each other and grow. "If you want to go quickly, go alone. If you want to go far, go together." – African Proverb To better help those looking out for communities to join, I have put together a list of 20 best communities in no particular order ranging from Engineering, Design, Data Science, Machine Learning, Developer Relations, Technical Writing, and more. If you know any more communities you have found helpful, please share them in the comments section for the benefit of all :). 1. Women Who Code Women Who Code is an international nonprofit organization that provides a global community for women in tech with events, coding resources, jobs, mentorship, and more. They aim to inspire, support, and help women develop technical skills and excel in their careers. Join now to get exclusive access to their community, events, scholarships, free event tickets, job boards, and more. 2. Hashnode Hashnode is an online community where developers share knowledge and grow their careers. Developers from around the world participate in consequential discussions on Hashnode. You can write stories, ask open-ended questions as well as technical questions, ask questions anonymously, and start polls. You can also ]or learn from the . ask popular tech teams and developer influencers questions stories of awesome women in tech platform enables you to create your personal blog on your custom domain in a few simple steps with everything you need to grow as a blogger. (No Paywall, Free domain, SSL, Automatic backup of posts, Markdown, AMP Support and more). , make your contents independent and build your domain authority. Hashnode's Devblog Own your canonical 3. Freecodecamp FreeCodeCamp is a nonprofit organization that helps people learn to code for free through , , and thousands of freeCodeCamp study groups around the world. thousands of videos articles interactive coding lessons You learn by completing coding challenges and building projects alongside verified certifications. You learn by completing coding challenges and building projects alongside verified certifications. 4. StackOverflow Stack Overflow is a question and answer site for programmers with tons of questions and answers on a wide range of topics in computer programming. You can learn from already asked and answered questions, share your programming knowledge by answering asked questions or share your issues/bugs here. 5. HackerNews Hacker News is a social news website focusing on computer science and entrepreneurship, where you can submit a link to technical content. This is a great place to promote your contents to a wide range of viewers and find amazing contents from other technical geeks. 6. Hacker Noon Hacker Noon is a tech media site that delivers stories and opinions written by real tech professionals and read by Technologists, Software Developers, Bitcoiners, and Blockchain Enthusiasts. Anybody can submit a tech story (to be reviewed and improved for publication by their team of real human editors) You'll also gain access to their discourse . simply by creating an account. community forum 7. SitePoint Community SitePoint community is a community for web designers and developers to discuss everything web development from HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, Photoshop, SEO, and more. Similar to StackOverflow, you can ask and answer all web development questions here. 8. Kaggle Kaggle is an online community of data scientists and machine learning practitioners with a vast repository of community published data and code with over 19,000 public datasets and 200,000 open notebooks. Kaggle also offers courses on Machine Learning, Pandas, Python, Deep Learning, Data Visualization, SQL alongside competitions, and discussions to help you grow. 9. Indie Hackers An Indie hacker is "a person building an online project that can generate revenue." Indie Hackers is a global community of developers who are sharing their projects, strategies, and revenue statistics behind their companies and side projects. You get to learn from the founders behind hundreds of successful online businesses and connect with others who are starting and growing their own companies through their global meetups, discussions, articles, and more. 10. Code Newbie Code Newbie is the most supportive community of programmers and people learning to code. It started as a weekly Twitter chat made to provide much-needed support to people learning to code. It has since grown into a supportive, international community of people learning to code. 11. Digital Ocean Community This is an inclusive place where developers can find or lend support and contribute to the community of DevOps and cloud computing enthusiasts. The community provides comprehensive guides, tutorials, trends for developers, Q/A sessions, and much more. 12. Product Hunt Product Hunt is an exciting community of featured amazing products launched every day. It's a place for product-loving enthusiasts to share and find out about the latest mobile applications, websites, hardware projects, and tech creations. 13. Reddit Reddit is global community of thousands sub communities, endless conversations, and authentic networking with tons of never-ending streams for developers like , , , and more. r/reactjs r/vuejs r/JAMstack_dev r/Python 14. DevCareers DevCareer is a nonprofit organization that is focused on supporting upcoming developers with mentorship and resources to enable them to become world-class developers. They provide laptops, co-working space, resources, mentorship, and job placements for software developers in Africa who pass through the program. 15. The Interaction Design Foundation Community The Interaction Design Foundation Community provides an exciting opportunity for designers to create and hone their portfolio while getting ready for a new User Experience job. They offer courses from UX experts, local UX Design Meet-ups in cities across the world, UX discussions, collaboration, and much more. 16. Daily UI Daily UI is a free series of daily UI design challenges, design inspiration, and surprise rewards to make you become a better designer in 100 days. Their amazing daily reminders will motivate you to keep learning. 17. Dev.to DEV.to is a community of software developers helping one another out. DEV.to provides a place for developers to collaborate and network while learning and sharing their knowledge. 18. DevRel Collective DevRel Collective is a community of developer relations enthusiasts that exists to facilitate sharing information, resources, and encouragement among the DevRel community. If you are actively involved in developer communities, advocacy, or event management, you should join this community. 19. Facebook Developer Circles Developer Circles from Facebook is a program designed to create locally organized communities for developers. These communities educate and provide a forum for discussion and knowledge sharing around topics that are top-of-mind for developers in a particular market. . Find a local Developer Circle nearest to you here 20. Google Developers Groups GDG brings software developers with similar interests together to meet through meetups and hands-on workshops. The community welcomes everyone and anyone interested in tech from beginners to experienced professionals. . Find a GDG chapter nearest to you here Conclusion "There is no power for change greater than a community discovering what it cares about." – Margaret J. Wheatley The bond in developer communities has grown from just "technical groups" to "family groups" where everyone is passionate about sharing knowledge, giving back, and helping everyone reach higher heights. Isn't this just amazing? Cheers to the new age where sharing knowledge and togetherness become the order of the day. 🙏💙

20 Developer Communities Worth Joining This Year

What makes a good product manager? Much has been said and written about product management, and the plethora of books, articles, and tweets might seem overwhelming and confusing. It gets even more complicated in the mobile app world, where everything can change at a moment’s notice, and no workweek or even Monday morning will look like the last. Don’t worry, we’ve got your back. We looked at articles, opinion pieces, research, and interviews with industry-leading product managers. We included inspiring quotes from leading product managers of the industry, like Julie Zhuo, Marty Cagan, Roman Pichler, and Ken Norton. PMs at top mobile apps like Splitwise also gave us their words of wisdom. Here are several lessons on being a great product manager, collected and curated for new and experienced PMs. (Stick with us, because there’s a goodie bag for you at the end of this article!) Choose your KPIs wisely. Regularly tracking your mobile app’s KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) can give you data, but it can also give you a headache. The data you’re collecting need to provide you with value: action items, bug fixes, feature improvements, or design solutions. How do you separate the worthwhile KPIs from the ones that don’t bring you value? : the data that you need in order to make effective decisions. This means you should avoid tracking too few metrics, too many metrics, outdated metrics, or just not the right ones. He also warns against “analysis paralysis”, when you have so much data you don’t know what to do with it. Andy Carvell proposes the concept of Minimum Viable Analytics “Teams would do well to consider what constitutes Minimum Viable Analytics: the data they need in order to make effective decisions.” — Andy Carvell It might take a little tweaking, but you’ll want to optimize the metrics you’re tracking to answer your most pressing questions, and not get bogged down with redundant or misleading data. How do you know what metrics to track? Roman Pichler provides a list of , which starts with stating your business goals so that you can see how your product affects revenue. Another tip is to — KPIs that look good but bring no value. A perfect example is “number of app downloads”: a lot of users might be downloading your app, but this means nothing if they all have a bad user experience or fail to convert. 10 tips on how to choose the right product KPIs avoid vanity metrics . This means looking at numerical metrics like DAU/MAU to answer the “what” and “how many”, as well as qualitative KPIs such as and last gestures, which answer the “why”: why a user ended the session abruptly, or why users are dropping out of certain funnels. To analyze these metrics, you’ll need to use a qualitative tool like . This tool displays an aggregate of your users’ interactions on each screen and can be filtered by first, last, or unresponsive gestures. Pichler also recommends combining quantitative and qualitative metrics unresponsive gestures touch heatmaps Also, . A lot of product managers underestimate certain mobile app KPIs that can be very useful. For example, every PM knows to track conversion rates, but what about the average time it takes users to go from one step of the funnel to the next? This is a metric that could point to UX/UI issues that make your users not know where to tap, like misplaced buttons or unclear microcopy. keep an eye out for often-forgotten mobile app metrics An example of Appsee’s conversion funnel tool showing average time between steps. Know your users. Love your users. Be your users. User-centered design is the yellow brick road to the land of happy users. To get there, you’ll need to step into your users’ ruby slippers and really know their thought process, intent, and needs associated with your mobile product, before they even know themselves. Yes, you probably have a good idea of what works in the product (Ken Norton calls this the “ ”) but at the end of the day, . spidey-sense you are not your user “Assuming that you are your user is a fallacy that is ingrained in the human mind.” — Raluca Budiu From personas and storyboards to surveys and user testing platforms, from interviews and focus groups to , there are a ton of established methods for understanding your users. What’s the best method? The answer is: . Use all the tools in your arsenal, and don’t be afraid of going the old fashioned way: by “getting out of the building” and meeting them face to face. session recordings all of them Also, let yourself get creative with your user research ideas, because sometimes that’s where you’ll find your most valuable insights. One road-less-traveled is utilizing insights gleaned from customer support. , senior product manager at Splitwise, happened to do some customer support work when she was starting out. She says this helped her develop her instincts about the app’s userbase and needs while also giving her ideas for specs. If you haven’t had actual customer support experience, that’s fine — you can gain a lot of interesting product ideas by keeping channels of communication open with your company’s customer success team. Zoe Chaves In any case, if you want to create a product that users love. Take a look at the , which provides four things to remember when it comes to empathy for your users. it’s important to keep an empathetic, user-centered approach Interaction Design Foundation’s empathy quadrant Image Source: The Interaction Design Foundation Learn (how) to say no. You probably have heard the : “A product manager walks into a bar. Pours drinks, waits tables, cleans toilets, and puts out fire in stockroom.” As a PM, you’ll be responsible for planning the product strategy and roadmap, maintaining cross-team communication, and making sure everyone is meeting their goals and deadlines, just to name a few. You’ll run between meetings with marketing, legal, finance, users, analysts, and the CEO. If there’s one art form you’ll have to master as a product manager, it’s the art of prioritization. , Director of Growth at Rev.com, says that one of the challenges of prioritization is figuring out what will have the highest ROI. Christos Iosifidis, VP of Product Management at Vivino, states simply: “If you’ve got too many balls in the air, put one down.” Candidly, in order to achieve that you will also need to master the art of . PM bar joke Barron Caster how to say no “If you’ve got too many balls in the air, put one down.” — Christos Iosifidis This blog post by Mountain Goat Software provides , and, yes, you guessed it — number 2 calls for empathy. Don’t just say “no” and leave it at that. Don’t say “not right now”. Offer one sound reason — just one — for saying no. Be transparent about your prioritization, and walk the person you’re speaking with through your considerations. Sebastien Phlix, product manager at Typeform, , and advises using a “we” mentality and not an “us vs. them” mentality. six guidelines for saying no to a stakeholder provides 4 tips on giving a “positive no” Image Source: Giphy (Don’t) be the CEO of your product A lot has been written about whether or not the product manager is also the CEO of the product. Most thought leaders will answer with a vehement no. Martin Eriksson says, , and advises PMs to “lead, don’t command”. As a product manager, you’re not the boss, but you are the coach, teacher, and leader. “Never forget that as a product leader you are only as good as your team”, says Eriksson. “You are not the CEO of anything” “Lead, don’t command.” — Martin Eriksson Marty Cagan admits that there are similarities between the , especially as companies scale. However, he warns against letting the “PM-as-CEO” mindset go to product managers’ heads, in a way that will lose them the respect of their team. He advises product managers to embrace a touch of humility in their management approach and earning the team’s trust. CEO and the product manager role Remember that even without actually filling the position of CEO, your PM position allows you to have a huge amount of influence on the product as well as the company. In the meantime, however, you can use some CEO leadership lessons in your role as PM without giving the wrong impression; for example, gaining a strong understanding of everything your company does and empathizing with the members of different teams. . Look at all the things you can do! Roman Pichler’s Product Management Framework Analyze this. And that. But do it smarter. Peter Drucker famously said: “If you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it.” You already know how important it is to have analytics for your app. No matter what industry you came from, analytical, data-driven decision making is part of everyday life. The difference in the mobile app space is that your users won’t stick around to tell you what needs improving. They’ll drop your app without as much of a second thought. This means you’ll want to use a — not just good — analytics tool. You’ll want to get in analytics early, way before your product goes live, to prevent any unnoticed bugs or usability problems from annoying your users and hurting your app’s chances of success. Also, since your time is precious, you’ll want to use an analytics tool that uses — this saves you a lot of time and gives you insights right out of the box. great automatic event tagging If one part of a good analytics strategy is tracking the right metrics, another part has to be using the best tools to track them. Any good mobile growth stack should include qualitative analytics tools. Qualitative analytics, as Roman Pichler says, help you avoid losing sight of “the most important success factor: the people behind the numbers”. These tools enable you to dive deep into the users’ experiences and figure out where they run into friction within your app. Session recordings, for example, allow you to experience your app the way your users do, so that any UX issues (and their solutions) become instantly clear. “Qualitative indicators, such as user feedback, help you understand why something has happened.” — Roman Pichler An example of user session recordings on Appsee’s qualitative analytics platform Bonus tip: Remember that there’s no such thing as a final product. Too busy to even read this article? Running from scrum to presentation? We’ll sum it up for you: first, be empathetic towards your users, your colleagues, and yourself, and second, make your analytics work for you. “A product is never done, but only evolves.” — Nick Babich Always remember, though, that your work never really ends. As a mobile product manager, you live in a reality that warrants continual optimization, additional rounds of user research, and product iterations. “A product is never done, but only evolves,” . With this in mind, you can create a that will take you and your team all the way to the finish line. says Nick Babich in his Comprehensive Guide to Product Design product strategy Still with us? Great! Time for… Since you’ve stuck with us so far, and because the first day of school/work is an exciting one, we’ve made you a little goodie bag full of great resources that will help you become a PM Jedi master. ← even more tools and resources here! The Essential Toolbox for Mobile Product Managers The Playbook of User Centered App-Making 7 Free eBooks for Mobile Professionals Mind the Product The Clever PM Bringing the Donuts Folding Burritos Andrew Chen Mind the Product Mobile World Conference Product Management Festival Open Mobile Summit INDUSTRY The 5 Types of Mobile Product Managers We All Know Product Manager Jokes Volume 1

What makes a good product manager? 5 pro tips

Here are some not so obvious questions to help you evaluate a UX bootcamp, degree, or other program you may be considering. At least once a week, someone emails me to ask which UX education program they should take, ranging from masters degree programs to short in person bootcamps and self-paced online programs. Here’s the thing, I can NOT tell you which one is best for you! And I can’t tell you that because I don’t know you and your unique situation. But my inbox is so flooded with this question, that it’s clear you are overwhelmed with this decision. There are so many programs available today. They are all competing for your dollars. They make a range of promises from being interview ready in a week, to having a portfolio, to guaranteeing a job. I know … you’ve read tons of reviews. You’ve read every syllabus. And you’re still stuck. Listen, what you need to do is take a step back and do more research … but this time you have to stop researching the programs and research YOURSELF. The UX education that is right for you is the one that fits your goals, lifestyle, learning style, timeline, and budget. Here are 15 questions to ask to help you consider if a UX education program is right for you. 1. What is your goal? Do you want to get a job in UX? Do you want to learn more about UX so that you can be more informed in your current role (eg. even if your current title doesn’t contain the word “UX”). Do you think that having a certain school or program on your resume will help you stand out from other candidates? 2. What is your starting point? Are you already working in a complementary field to UX such as graphic design, psychology, journalism, anthropology, industrial design, or architecture … just to name a few? If so, the one that’s best for you will be different than one for someone who has zero experience in design or any loosely related field. 3. What is your budget? UX education programs are priced from a few hundred to tens of thousands of dollars. You must determine your budget. Is your employer going to pay for part of it? Just remember, you get what you pay for. On the flip side, a more expensive program doesn’t mean it’s higher quality. always 4. Do you have the time? This is not just about the hours required to attend or watch the lectures. You must also factor in the time that you’ll have to commit to homework, design exercises, reading, and project work. If you’re already working, will your employer let you put work hours into the program? 5. What is the opportunity cost? If you are going to attend a full-time in person program, will you still be able to pay your bills? Do you have savings you can live off for the months that you will not be working? 6. What is your learning style? Do you learn better in a formal classroom setting? Do you need the accountability of showing up for lectures at a specific time? Or, do you learn better when it’s on your terms and timeline? If the latter is the case, then maybe an online self-paced program is better than an in person one. 6. Will you have an opportunity to put into practice what you’re learning? If your goal is to get a job, then you will very likely need a portfolio. And to make a portfolio, you will need projects. Now if you already work in UX or are working on your own product, then you’ll be able to apply what you are learning to your day job, side hustle, or freelance clients. And then you’ll have projects for your portfolio. But, if you have ZERO access to opportunities to put into practice your new UX skills, then you should choose a UX program that gives you a chance to do real world client projects (and not just “mock” class projects). 7. How much feedback do you need? Are you the type of person who needs to rally discuss what you’re learning and get feedback on your work? Do you crave critique? Do you need validation from others to feel confident in your skills? Then choose a program that provides real-time mentorship, access to instructors, and a student community. 8. How much value does your country, culture, or the company you want to work at value a degree, certificate, or well known institution? Some countries put more emphasis on a formal education from an accredited institution. Some companies require you to have an undergraduate degree. Consider this as you decide which UX education program is right for you. 9. How technically confident are you? No, I don’t mean learning to code. I mean using software. What software do you know right now? Can you confidently use software like Keynote, Illustrator, Photoshop, etc? Or, does the thought of using these tools give you a headache? If you feel like you need more hands on learning of the software, then choose a program that covers that in the curriculum. Or, be prepared to supplement what you’re learning in the formal program with your own self-direct program through other online courses or specific topics such as those offered through the Interaction Design Foundation. 10. What is your comfort / success with job searches in the past? Assuming your goal is to get a UX job, you have to consider how much extra help and guidance you think you’ll need when you’re finally ready to apply for jobs. Some programs have well thought out career guidance included. Other programs offer none of this. Choose your program accordingly. 11. How thorough is the curriculum? This seems obvious, but it must be said. UX includes a lot of topics and roles. It’s unrealistic to think that if you choose a shorter program, you’ll be able to understand the details of each part of UX. For example, don’t expect to be fully versed in all the details of user research. If you are looking to specialize in a certain part of UX, then make sure the curriculum matches the topics you want to specialize in. 12. Do your career goals align with the promises that the education program may make? For example, many programs say you’ll graduate and get a job making a starting salary of X. But you must consider that stated salary will be different if you live in New York or London versus Lisbon or Kansas City. Make sure that you have explored salary options and job availability where you want to live to confirm salary ranges and demand for UX folks. 13. Who is teaching this course? The reviews you read about any program are largely dependent on who taught the program. Courses taught by different instructors can result in a very different student experience. Just because you have worked in UX, doesn’t mean you’re good at teaching it. So, as you consider different programs make sure you also talk to students who had that specific instructor (if you can). 14. Why do you want to get into UX in the first place? I hear it at least once a week, “Sarah, how to I break into UX?” Yes, UX is in demand right now. And yes many companies offer great salaries. But before you go chasing shiny pennies, you should honestly make sure that UX is the right field for you. That’s a whole other article! But know this, UX is largely about understanding people, problem solving, being wrong, educating other people on your team about UX, communication, and creativity. So if you don’t like uncertainly and hate collaborating with people … then, this may not be the field for you. Here’s the bottom line … When people are looking to hire a UX person, what matters most is your EXPERIENCE. UX hiring mangers need to see that you have the skills that their company needs right now. And in my opinion, I don’t think they care where or how you got those skills. They just need to know you have those skills. Although some programs carry perceived extra value or credibility, a program doesn’t make a great designer. What makes a great designer is the designer’s ability to think and implement. So before you choose a program, take some time to do a bit of evaluative research about yourself and what matters to you and consider the learning experience that best matches you goals, goals, desires, and motivations. who gave this a read! Thanks to , , and who are all awesome UX folks. 🙌 Extra special shout out to three of my UX friends Katherine Kendall Puja Prakash Rachel Braedyn Working on your UX portfolio website? I’m all about helping you take ACTION. Theory is nice, but if you can’t take action then I haven’t done my job! So if you’re looking for a UX portfolio template for your website, then you might be interested in this I created for Wix. UX portfolio template However, to use this template correctly, you MUST understand the strategy behind it. There are specific reasons why I designed it the way I did. So have a watch here and then . grab the website template Want more of my actionable tips about how you can create a UX portfolio that gets results? I’ve helped hundreds of UX folks and some of them have been hired at Google, GM Financial, Tableau, Deloitte, Salesforce, Wal-Mart Labs, and more! There are 3 ways I can help you with your UX portfolio and career … 1️⃣ which includes a step-by-step action plan to help you understand how to write about your projects and showcase your skills. Free E-Book: UX Portfolio Blueprint 2️⃣ where I give more UX portfolio advice and do 5-minute UX portfolio tear-downs. Join my secret UX Portfolio & Careers tribe on Facebook 3️⃣ , including my post popular one “ ” which is at 35,000 views!! Check out my videos about UX careers on YouTube how to create a UX portfolio without much experience

15 questions to help you evaluate, "Which UX education program is right for me?"

Nir’s Note: This guest post by Avi Itzkovitch offers some clues as to why we can’t seem to put our cell phones down. Avi ( @xgmedia ) is an Independent User Experience Consultant. He is currently working from his Tel-Aviv Studio XG Media . Do you constantly check your smartphone to see if you’ve received messages or notifications on Facebook? Does your phone distract you from your studies or work? Do your friends, parents, children, or spouse complain that you are not giving them enough attention because of your phone? You may be addicted to your phone. The smartphone has become a constant companion. We carry it throughout the day and keep it by our bedside at night. We allow ourselves to be interrupted with messages from social media, emails and texts. We answer phone calls at times when it is not socially acceptable, and we put our immediate interactions with friends and family on hold when we hear that ring tone that tells us a message is arrived. Something fundamental in human behavior has changed: our sense of phone etiquette and propriety has caused us to get out of whack in our interactions with one another. So why is it that we allow ourselves to be interrupted? Why do we feel it necessary to answer these calls? Maybe the addiction started long before cell phones even existed, with the advent of the phone itself. Albrecht Schmidt speculates in the : Interaction Design Foundation Encyclopedia This behaviour is perhaps rooted in the old model of synchronous telecommunication where phone calls were expensive and important — which is less true nowadays. Also, before the advent of caller-id, you could not simply return the phone call as you would not know who had called you unless you actually answered the call. Although technology has changed a lot, some of our behaviours around new technologies are still rooted in an understanding of older technology. Long before cell phones existed, we began to assign importance to every interaction on our phones because if we didn’t act in the moment, we’d miss the opportunity. With smartphones, however, a host of features make the addictive nature of the phone even worse. Learn how to suck less at multitasking and become a mental block ninja. Download a copy of my simple brain hacks and get more done: Download My Simple Brain Hacks to Get More Done Smartphones Offer Variable Rewards Schmidt may have a point, but I believe it goes further. Many smartphone users have never experienced the older technology and so, for these users, there are no such roots to old technology. The truth is that we have become so addicted to our phones that we feel compelled to allow these interruptions, even to the point where we no longer even consider them interruptions. Just like an addiction to gambling and the alluring sounds of slot machines, we addictively react to the sounds our smartphone makes. Some have postulated that the theory of variable rewards could explain what makes us addicted to the digital world of Facebook, Twitter and the ringtone from a smartphone. Nir Eyal has written about this on this very blog, with specific attention to the nature of . He describes a study by B.F. Skinner in the 1950s that demonstrated the theory of the variable schedule of rewards. Skinner observed that lab mice responded most voraciously to random rewards. When mice pressed a lever, they sometimes got a small treat, other times a large treat, and other times nothing at all. Unlike other mice that received the same treat every time they pressed the lever, the mice that received variable rewards pressed the lever more often and compulsively. technology addiction variable rewards Similar to how mice behave when expecting to receive treats, we eagerly check our phones at the slightest ring or buzz, because the dopamine trigger in our brains compels us to answer. The everyday mundane phone messages that we receive frequently throughout the day are akin to the mice’s small treats. The big treats are the messages that give us pleasure — a message from a friend, a phone call from a loved one, or that funny video we must see. It’s the big treat that is addictive to us and, since we don’t know when that big treat is coming, we “press the lever” compulsively and as often as the ringtone calls us. We are compelled to look at the screen and answer, regardless of where we are and who we are with. Of course this mobile device addiction goes further. There is a clear human need for self-expression — and especially self-expression that prompts feedback from others ( ). Our need to immediately share sometimes causes us to forget to enjoy and embrace the moment. This point is illustrated clearly in the YouTube video “ ,” an exaggerated but accurate reflection of our social behavior. As social animals, we need human contact for emotional and psychological health. Our mobile devices have enhanced our ability to have that contact. They have become a tool important for social interaction. Signs of Facebook Addiction I forgot my iPhone There ARE Solutions to Mobile Device Addiction There are many causes and effects of this mobile device addiction, which is also an issue with our computers and other communication devices. However, if we learn to manage this mobile device addiction, we can increase our productivity and free up time during the week. It is not only the wasted time that results when we allow ourselves to be interrupted, when staring at the screen, when replying to emails or answering the phone. We also lose valuable time recovering from these interruptions after our attention has been diverted. This has become recognized as enough of a problem today that we are starting to see some technological solutions being developed, including research on or guidelines for the workplace that could increase productivity For example, a recommends a set of guidelines for email usage that will increase employee workplace efficiency by reducing interruptions, restricting the use of email-to-all messages and reply-to-all responses, setting the email application to display just the first three lines, and checking for email less frequently. context aware management of interruptions Loughborough University study Freeing ourselves from this mobile device addiction will not be easy for many, but there are some technological solutions worth exploring. An android app called “ ” allows the user to disconnect from his mobile phone and become human. It allows the user to place phone calls and messages on hold until a time that’s more convenient. Jake Knapp’s article in “ ,” describes how a one-week experiment to disconnect from distraction has now become his lifestyle. He makes the point that sometimes we must take serious action to resolve our addictions. But it has always been true that the first step in overcoming any addiction is to admit that it exists. If we identify how the variable rewards of our smartphones are affecting us, we can implement appropriate solutions and break the mobile device addiction. Human Mode Lifehacker, How I Turned My iPhone Into A Simple, Distraction-Free Device Note: This guest essay was written by Avi Itzkovitch . Photo Credit: Ron Bennetts Originally published at www.nirandfar.com on September 19, 2013. _Nir's Note: This guest post by Avi Itzkovitch offers some clues as to why we can't seem to put our cell phones down…_www.nirandfar.com The Real Reason You're Addicted to Your Phone If you found this post interesting, it would mean a lot to me if you could click on the “claps” icon below to let me know. That would really make my day — thanks! Nir Eyal is the author of Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products and blogs at . For more insights on using psychology to change behavior, join his newsletter and receive Nir’s . NirAndFar.com free list of research-backed tips and tricks to increase your personal productivity

There ARE Solutions to Mobile Device Addiction

Digital innovation is being embraced by everyone — from startups to large corporations. New tools, frameworks and service providers seem to pop up every day to help companies turn their analog problems into digital solutions. And the industry of digitization is just getting started. Many more trends and changes are afoot. To keep up, it’s important to make sense of the process of digital product innovation, anno 2018. At , we use the following framework. Slash THE WORKFLOW Products development can be broken down into 3 steps: definition, design and development. This assumes that as a company you have answered the broader strategy question of what your business objectives are and how ‘Digital’ fits into it. In other words, as a company you know you have a digital need, even if you can’t quite yet articulate it. Product Innovation in 3 steps Problem Definition This is probably the most critical and strategic step. Here, the product owner or decision-maker identify a need that needs solving and come up with some ideas on what a productized solution may look like. The key processes are: (optional): this is a good place to start for organizations and teams that want to understand key trends and how others have setup their innovation function and what services they provide to their users. This is the realm of consultancies like . Inspiration & trends Innovation is Everywhere : identifying your problems, surfacing your assumptions, and defining your needs is the first step in framing what you want to do. A good example of such a ‘problem definition’ consultancy is . Problem Framing Innovator.SG is about generating ideas and solutions through sessions, from brainstorming to rapid sketching and brainwriting. Many people have experienced brainstorming sessions before, though productive ideation sessions are not easy to do. The Interaction Design Foundation wrote a on it. Ideation helpful article captures the high-level customer needs and product solution identified by decision-makers in a way that guides the further design and development. Corporate advisory firms like work on this. Value proposition ASA Advisory While startup entrepreneurs usually go through the full cycle themselves (and many times!), corporate teams often involve innovation consultants and experts to facilitate those steps through interactive workshops. In reality, the processes are not as clearly demarcated or binary. Its common to jump from one activity to the other. Many consultancies blur the lines between solutions or offer the full range. UX Design The initial solution here gets turned upside-down and inside-out, through a user-centered design process. This can range from just creating simple wireframes for a digital product, to an elaborate ethnographic research on your users. Probably the most famous champions of UX Design, and more broadly human-centered design, are the folks at the global design consultancy, . The date way back though, to the work of Buckminister Fuller at MIT, in 1950s. IDEO origins of Design Thinking At the high level, these are the typical processes: provides insights into your users through social research. This helps surface your user personas, challenge your key assumptions on your user behaviors and map out your customer touch points. Companies like and have made a name for themselves in this space. Ethnography Frog He!st : the answer to the blanks in, . Typically, you need to gather a wide range of stakeholders on the client side and design team to frame this and ensure (1) it’s a real problem worth solving and (2) that technology plays an important role in solving it. Frame Solution “our [PRODUCT] helps [USERS]who wants to [PROBLEM] by [SOLUTION]” : to move from high-level framing to concrete concepts, ideas need to be ranked, visualized with interactive prototypes and evaluated or tested quickly by designers and actual users. The key here is ‘quick’. Design Prototype are created after the rough prototypes have been tested by users. The assets include detailed structures, workflows, mockups or wireframes, and other visual assets such as logos, branding etc. This is what most people are familiar with when they think of ‘design’. Most startups sadly don’t have the budgets or capabilities to invest in creative research and ideation, hence many UX Design agencies focus primarily on creating assets. Design Assets For a detailed yet accessible breakdown of each process, check out the excellent we had at , the learning community runs in Phnom Penh, with thanks to Elliot Yeung, the head of CX at for the presentation. Design Thinking workshop Startup Jungle Slash DMI Product Development Here the actual product gets developed. This is the most time consuming, and often most expensive and possibly frustrating, component of the product innovation cycle. While development can be thought of as a linear process, it is more helpful to see it as an incremental journey where the product iteratively comes to life. Modern software development methods, like as opposed to methodologies, are more ‘agile’ and align the entire delivery process and resourcing to these incremental steps, making the progress literally visible every step on the way. That’s for another post! Scrum Waterfall At , this is our bread and butter. We typically break down software development into 4 processes: Slash : a POC is about quickly validating the technical architecture, by developing and deploying a rough solution that contains the most critical building blocks. For simple projects, this step is often skipped. Complex projects can benefit from a POC to get buy-in from organizational stakeholders, as well as to give the technical team more confidence there solution will hold up as planned. This Wikipedia is surprisingly good at articulating the value of POCs. Proof of concept (POC) article : this is the simplest version of your product that satisfies early adopters. The movement has taken the world of digital innovation by force, and a lot has been written about this. Our learnings from MVPs is the importance of having an engaged Product Owner or client. Ultimately a successful MVP is all about prioritizing a subset of features and testing these with the users. Minimum viable product (MVP) Lean Startup here your solution is deployed in a production (‘live’) environment with all the necessary features so that end-users can start interacting with it and provide feedback. A popular way of doing this is by structuring it as private tests (often referred to as ‘private betas’) with trusted users; or by releasing the soft launch in stages. Soft Launch: this is the long-awaited “launch”. If the new solution replaces an existing solution, this would also entail the migration: cutting over legacy systems to the new one. Product Release: Congratulations! By following this workflow, you should have a live product that (hopefully!) solves your needs. 3 WAVES OF PRODUCT INNOVATION These processes are rapidly evolving. With digitization touching on every industry and area of society, it’s important to consider how these practices will or ought to change further. To put things into perspective, consider a bit of history. Digital product innovation has gone through 3 waves since the birth of the modern Web (‘89–90). How product development evolved since the birth of the Web Wave 1: Monolithic In the 90s and early 2000s, web and desktop applications were mostly ‘monolithic’ and delivered as integrated units of work. Innovation, design and development were often done by one and the same person. Few development-centric productivity tools existed and practices were more fragmented. When I started to program in ‘98 as a teenager, I had to do everything myself from design and coding, to server deployment. Wave 2: Specialization In ‘92, Linux and the Open-Source movement gained in strength, and rudimentary productivity tools started making their entry. Early 2000s those tools became more broadly adopted by the tech community, allowing specialists to emerge. Consider for example that Atlassian was founded in 2002, Heroku in 2007 and GitHub in 2008. This coincided with the emergence of APIs in mainstream products such as Salesforce & eBay(2000), Amazon (2002), Flickr (2004) and Facebook (2006). APIs offer far more flexibility in designing application architecture, by breaking down the core application and user services into standalone modules. For a good introduction on the history of APIs and their impact, see the . API Evangelist of product innovation was born, . The open source movement and the modern API economy gave rise to specialization across the entire innovation process with specialist teams, frameworks and tools, with fancy sounding names like “Business Model Canvas”, “Lean Startup”, “DevOps” etc. Wave 2 Specialization Wave 3: Distributed Since then, globalization and connectivity has helped level the playing field. Somewhere in early 2010s, companies realized that talent and entrepreneurial service providers can be found and accessed anywhere. Now, cross-functional product teams are distributed across the globe and assembled almost on-demand. On-Demand Innovation THE FUTURE OF ON-DEMAND INNOVATION The challenge with distributed teams and tools, and with more broadly, is managing the complexity of having so many moving parts. There is a hidden cost to such flexibility: it requires a lot of organizational coordination and integration. architectures that rely on distributed solutions This can be confusing and costly for organizations and teams that lack the experience or commitment to put the right process in place. This is especially through for companies that start their digital transformation journey. New techniques will be developed in the near future, to ‘orchestrate’ the entire innovation process, from idea to shippable product, across all the different stakeholders. We’re already starting to see 2 types of orchestration capabilities emerge. New orchestration capabilities will help streamline on-demand innovation #1 Human Facilitators If you monitored your LinkedIn recently, you may have noticed more exotic job titles prop up. Lean Coach, Entrepreneur-in-Residence, Chief Digital Officer etc. At the most basic level, those roles are in charge of ensuring an organization can turn analog ideas into successful digital products. We expect to see a larger role to be played especially by in-house entrepreneurs, or intrapreneurs, who are assigned portfolios of innovation projects by companies. They deploy their entrepreneurial instincts to navigate the complexity of building something from scratch, within the constraints given to them by the parent company. Of course, companies are not alone in trying to solve this problem. In the last decade, the original startup accelerators — Y Combinator and Techstars — have spawned a of accelerators, with estimates ranging from 300 to more than 2,000 worldwide (for a list of 400 solid accelerators, check out “ ”). Those accelerators have tried to fill in some of the vacuum by offering their innovation services to large organizations, with . There are just too many incubators and accelerators and some of them will merge or disappear. Few accelerators succeed in achieving sustainable ROIs and many of their models are evolving towards providing glorified corporate consulting services. But that’s for another post! cottage industry the MBA is Dead mixed success The general trend we see now is for many companies to take control of their digital innovation functions, in-house. #2 Full Stack Innovation Tools In his book , Jeff Gothelf, articulates how “a rash of processes and methodologies” are vying for their product teams’ attention as companies try to evolve, adopt and embrace Digital into their business models. Lean vs Agile vs Design Thinking New ‘full stack’ innovation tools will emerge to bridge the conceptual divides between the different methodologies and teams, and more closely align and integrate workflows. This will happen real-time and on-demand. A good early-stage example of such a tool, is a recent investment and venture we co-founded at , called “ ” (to be launched soon). It is an enterprise innovation app, that gives company’s PMO / Innovation department the platform to unleash the creative potential of their innovation teams with the support of on-demand experts. Slash Augmented Tribe We expect to see many more such new tools in the near future! How orchestration helps to manage the complexity of having distributed teams and methods

2018 framework to understand digital innovation

Design systems are interdisciplinary by nature. They are built and consumed by designers and developers, therefore it is important for common terminologies to exist to support the communication between these two disciplines and other related actors. . Note: while some of the concepts are explained in a way that is more related to the context of web development, most of them are applicable to other contexts as well 📖 Glossary In this post we will present some key concepts from design and development, explain their meaning in the context of design systems and point to any ambiguity that may exist. Foundation/Essentials/Principles Example of Material Design foundations Every design system is built on top of a set of fundamental rules which are shared across components or other parts. These rules can relate to visual design (e.g. , , ) or define more abstract principles such as or . animation colors typography brand personality writing style Components Example of Kor UI button component Perhaps the most used term, components are individual units (such as , , ) that have defined appearances and interaction paradigms. Components can have different variations and be customized through APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). buttons inputs tabs Patterns Example of Carbon Design login pattern Patterns define how different components can be combined in a certain way to serve specific user goals that are often repeated across screens or applications. For example, input fields, icons and buttons can be combined in a certain way to serve the goal of signing into an application. Examples of patterns are , and . forms navigation onboarding Note: UX patterns should not be mistaken with ‘design patterns’ in software engineering, which are also common ways of solving problems but specifically related to the context of engineering. Properties Example of Kor UI card properties Components can be modified through the use of properties (or ‘props’, for short). In the example of a button component, the text , and state can all be set through properties and combined to define a variation of that element. label icon disabled Properties have types. For example, label can be set as a string, allowing any character to be entered, while disabled has a boolean type, allowing only true or false as value. Slots Example of Kor UI card slots Components can have slots in which content can be inserted. For example, a card can have a slot for tabs, a slot for text and a slot for buttons. top center bottom Events Example of Kor UI tag events Events are triggered by components in given circumstances. They are used by applications to react to user interactions or changes in the components. In web technologies (HTML), all components fire a set of standard events such as or , but components can define their own custom events such as , or . click mouseover expanded collapsed checked Tokens/Variables Design tokens or CSS variables are sets of values shared across components. For example, the token can be defined as 14px, or the token set to #51AA51 to reduce repetition and increase the ease of customization. body font size accent color Classes Classes can have two meanings. In CSS, classes are used to on top of the standard ones, and this can be a way of theming design systems. add styles On the other hand, in software development classes are objects used for such as the definition of properties and functions. In this sense, components or utilities can be exported as classes. encapsulating data Binding When consuming a design system, one of the tasks performed by front-end developers is called binding (or data-binding), which means stored on a database or application. linking components to variables Binding can happen from the component to the variable (e.g. editing an input field sets a variable to the value of the input) or from the variable to the component (e.g. the label of a button is a translated string coming from the database). Both types of binding can happen simultaneously, configuring a . two-way data-binding Framework Applications are usually built on top of frameworks that take care of tasks such as routing, data-binding or translation. For example, when building web apps, frameworks such as , or are commonly used. While some frameworks can also come with component libraries, they are not intended to replace design systems but rather complement them. Angular React Vue Frameworks can also be used to build the components themselves, but a component built based on a given framework does not always have to be consumed by that same framework. For example, LitElement, Angular or Vue can generate components that can be consumed by any other. ✔️ Conclusion While the explanations and terminologies listed in this post are based on the most common practices, you should be aware that they can defer across teams or institutions. We hope this information will be useful for you and hope to see you soon in our upcoming posts :) Also published here .

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INTERACTION DESIGN FOUNDATION

interaction-design.org

11-50 employees

Since 2002

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