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Advanced technologies have revolutionized the way we're watching television. For the last decade, a traditional TV set has been gaining new features and transforming from a simple device broadcasting TV shows, sports events, and news into a highly interactive appliance with multiple opportunities. These revolutionary new functions have made TV sets a part and parcel of everyday life and thus facilitated its household penetration. In the United States, the surge in smart TV household penetration occurred between 2014 and 2015, with a rise in smart TV usage. The total number uptake increased from about 9% in 2012 to 60% as of January 2020. 19% What is connected TV (CTV) genuinely used for? Let's get down to the nitty-gritty and reveal five key features you might not know about your CTV. #1 Control with no remote How often are you looking for a remote, and how much time do you waste before you find it? It is probably several endless, irritating minutes, isn't it? Luckily, now you can navigate your smart TV without a remote. Different operating systems allow you to set up a remote control app on your phone or tablet, and switch between programs from any corner of your home. #2 Play Games on CTV It can be surprising for many, but the advanced opportunities of the digital TV industry allow you to play games on CTV. The CTV gaming industry, in retrospect of 2020, has showcased significant growth. Given the sheer number of apps on the leading streaming media players like Amazon Fire TV, Apple TV, and Roku, games are the second-largest category of downloaded apps. You can opt for a casual or racing CTV game and spend engrossing time with your family or friends. All you need is just an Internet connection and a device such as a smart TV, tablet, or phone to enjoy hours of relaxing gameplay. #3 Get to Know to the Latest News Staying up to date with the most recent global, local, and sports CTV streaming news is another handy way you can use connected TV. Of course, you can find news programs on CBS, CNN, and other national or local channels.  However, with CTV, you can receive tidings of information whenever and wherever you want. Download the app of a desirable news site to read up on current events in the world and in your region. You can also monitor sports news and even watch live-streamed games via sports apps like BBC sport and the like. #4 Keep Fit Believe it or not, the revolutionary changes in the CTV industry can help you work out whenever you like. You can forget about going to the gym, buying DVD workouts, or schedules. Numerous apps on your CTV, as well as access to proven training programs, allow you to choose the best matching option. You can stay in shape and work out at any time that works best for you. The programs range depending on your level, intensity, and specific type of muscle you want to tone up. Some CTV workouts provide you with a s oversight and can be customized for a routine that matches your goals. virtual trainer' #5 Get Recommendations It's no secret that CTV platforms help video content creators promote their shows and movies, which are rated based on the audience's reaction. The more engaging your content is, the more views you get. Plus, everyone can see what other users watch and receive recommendations for their preferred content. CTV platforms enable you to choose apps in line with your current viewing tastes. So you can effortlessly discover desirable games, shows, movies, and other enthralling entertainment that you will absolutely want to binge-watch.  And of course, you can share your thoughts on your favorite content and read others' reviews to find more series you like. #6 Access to Social media, Web Search and Video Chat Lastly, CTV offers you all-in-one features. You can surf the web and access your social networks via CTV. If you haven't tried yet, imagine how cool the experience of feed scrolling Facebook and Twitter, reading posts, and watching photos on the large screen might be. From the comfort of your sofa, it's also possible to create posts, share videos and images, or have video chat when other devices are away from you. Some smart TVs bring up social media accounts while watching content, so both a chat and your favorite show can be on the same screen simultaneously. Takeaways A smart TV with an Internet connection is a true treasure trove of computer-like functions presented on the big screen. This device has gone far beyond the customary features of television and doesn’t just let you watch the content you want when you want it, but offers a range of other exciting and useful features besides.

6 Ways to Make the Most Out of Your Connected TV

Chances are, your business’ primary mode of internal communication is email. And you’re using for virtual meetups and updates from the team, thanks to the coronavirus. Don’t get me wrong, email is great and all for internal communication (if you lived in the 20th century that is). But did you know your email to your teammates gets lost in a sea of unimportant emails? And irrelevant emails account for about of the total emails in an average inbox! instant messaging (IM) apps 62% You might’ve noticed this in your inbox. And you know how it feels too, don’t you? It’s time you did something about this. If you’re a digital business owner looking to make communication faster and more versatile for your employees, get rid of email. Switch to an instant messaging app. Because email, as you know it, has become obsolete. Here’s why. 1. Emails are slow and tedious. Think about it. In this fast-paced world, email, which lacks real-time communication like instant messaging apps, has no place. Every time you send out an email in a lackluster standard format that lacks emotion, it is subject to misinterpretation by your employees. This leads to a series of clarification emails with the previous email quoted on each email. Whew, sounds exhausting just reading about it, right? Image Source Enter instant messaging apps. Instant messaging apps enable you to interact with an employee in real-time, with you getting instant replies. Apps like also provide so that your chatbox remains clutter-free. You can even a specific person in the chat with an “@” symbol, and they’ll be notified about the tag which they can use to locate your message for them. Life is so much simpler with instant messaging apps. Slack inline replies tag 2. There are more secure ways to communicate than emails We all know that incoming spam emails always get placed under the “Spam” folder instead of your primary inbox. But here’s where it gets tricky: . You might’ve noticed this yourself. not all emails under your “Spam” folder are spam emails There may be several reasons why this might sometimes be the case for you, but this cannot justify the damage done. Because you might lose out on important emails from your employees or clients altogether just because it was deemed spam. To add more fuel to the fire, your spam folder might be an obnoxious bunker full of viruses, phishing links, and emails from the . Even if you don’t do anything, emails, by nature, and are open to any kind of attack, putting crucial business information at risk. So, what can you do? Nigerian prince aren’t secure You can ditch email and switch to an . E2EE encrypts messages and files that you share, protecting them from your competitors. instant messaging app that incorporates end-to-end encryption (E2EE) Instant messaging apps like Microsoft Teams also lets you set up channels to ensure your messages are delivered to the right team. So why bother with email? Image Source 3. Emails lack structure To be honest, there’s nothing much you can do with email other than sending out emails that sound robotic. But with instant messaging apps, it’s a whole new world. Using instant messaging apps like Zoho Cliq, you can text, voice call or video call your employees all in one place. You can also share your screen for presentations, and you can even communicate with different teams at the same time for handling a crisis. Apps like Zoho Cliq offer a structured workflow for preventing silos among teams. Talk about transparency. Image Source 4. Integrating all existing business apps is nearly impossible with emails When it comes to integrating your existing business apps, instant messaging apps perform better than emails. Sure, emails have add-ons, but they don’t seem to offer the seamless user experience that instant messaging apps offer. For instance, you can on an instant messaging apps’ channel so that employees can easily access it for reference. pin documents You can even to a channel that takes care of employees’ various needs in real-time, 24x7. If it can’t handle an employee’s request, the chatbot can connect the employee to an internal help desk agent who solves the employees’ issue. This leads to an increase in employee and help desk agent productivity and gets you the best ROI on your workplace support. add bots Image Source All being said, , CMO of Manychat, email is now the channel of last resort for inter-office communication and in our personal lives: according to Sid Suri "Email will continue to be a primary channel to communicate with somebody whose phone number you don't have, but it will continue to get chipped away by LinkedIn Messaging, or messaging inside of dating apps, and other such niche apps that will take over email's role for different use cases and replace it with more messaging-based solutions. While email will not be the primary channel, it is useful to have a channel of last resort that everybody is passively on—kind of like your postal address. Email is the new snail mail in many ways.” To sum it all up, email is hurting our productivity and our well-being. On average, it will take you to return to work after checking your email. That equals hours of lost productivity per day. 64 seconds Not only does email make you less productive, but it also increases your stress level. Researchers at the University of California at Irving found that email was a significant . source of stress In response to this research and their own observations, . Then what are you waiting for? Don’t get left out following email to the end. some CEOs have decided to ban email If you’re wondering what alternatives will help you get over your breakup with email, check out. this

4 Reasons Why Email Is Obsolete, and You Should Move On

How to Build Fully Responsive React Apps with Nothing but Inline Styles and JavaScript A tutorial for devs sick of chaotic stylesheets and media queries. What you’ll build 👉 App https://ryanjyost.github.io/react-responsive-tutorial 👉 Repo https://github.com/ryanjyost/react-responsive-tutorial Why I wrote this I using inline styles in React. Almost as much as I dealing with media queries and traditional stylesheets to make my projects responsive. love dread Do I even need media queries or Bootstrap? I asked myself that question before starting to build my second personal site. For a handful of one-off situations, I’d used JavaScript to calculate a transform, color, etc. with great effect. Why couldn’t I take that strategy to the extreme and use JavaScript to handle of my styling. all (Ok, maybe not all…CSS is still the easiest way for hovered styling IMO and other common use cases.) 👉 Here’s the site I built without media queries Mess around with your browser window size. All of the changes that take place at different screen sizes are driven entirely by JavaScript, with help from React’s fast re-rendering. If you find a bug, please let me know in the comments or via email, thanks! Some of my takeaways were… The developer experience was compared to the old way. incredible I built it super quickly, with way fewer hiccups and roadblocks along the way. JavaScript and inline styles in React 🙌 vs. CSS stylesheets and media queries 😖 I felt like I was using a scalpel vs. the bone-saw of media queries and/or Bootstrap. By the way… While I found very few issues with this paradigm, Not yet convinced it’s a perfect alternative, and expect to find shortcomings/issues the deeper I go. But I’m hopeful about using this paradigm going forward. I’m definitely a little bit unsure/concerned about scalability, support on older browsers, performance, etc. Getting started Create a new React app with create-react-app. sudo npx create-react-app react-responsive-tutorial Not sure when this started, but with create-react-app I’ve had to use sudo and chown the project directory after creation. So if you get any “EACCESS” issues, don’t be surprised. If you have editing/EACCESS issues, chown the project directory ( like the below snippet for a max/linux ) sudo chown -R $USER <path to>/react-responsive-tutorial Enter the project and start it up. cd react-responsive-tutorial
npm start Initial Building Blocks Let’s take a mobile-first design approach and set up the basic structure of our app that’s optimized for small screen sizes. Open up your and paste the following code into it. App.js <a href="https://medium.com/media/1cd811ea919c26e02fd869cbe4ffacec/href">https://medium.com/media/1cd811ea919c26e02fd869cbe4ffacec/href</a> Some things to note from the above snippet We created a styles object that will contain the main styling properties for our app. In this tutorial, we’ll just pass the styles as props to keep things easy. A better way could be to write a higher order component (HOC) or keep track of styles in a Redux store. If you want me to write a tutorial or create an npm package for a more sophisticated version of handling React app styling with only JavaScript and inline styles, please leave a comment! We have an array of menuItems that will be displayed in the FooterMenu. Why keep them in App.js? Because we’ll use the same array in the sidebar at larger screen sizes! I just recently started using functions (e.g. (opacity = 1) => `rgba(255, 255, 255, ${opacity})`) to manage my app’s main colors and their opacities, simply because I got super frustrated copying and pasting or memorizing them with inline styles. Sure I could take advantage of something like SCSS of Less, but it’s been a great help with the JavaScript + inline styles approach. Let’s create components for the small screen layout Create a new folder in the src directory called components and add the three main layout components in there. Topbar.js <a href="https://medium.com/media/8d21af453ea229ebb6295fd0026d50d4/href">https://medium.com/media/8d21af453ea229ebb6295fd0026d50d4/href</a> Note how we’re using the globally available styles.topBarHeight for the height of the Topbar. Seems trivial here, but it’ll help to use the same property in the Content. (you guessed it) FooterMenu.js <a href="https://medium.com/media/bf95ba7096ed408536766c1068ed2ff9/href">https://medium.com/media/bf95ba7096ed408536766c1068ed2ff9/href</a> Here we’re just rendering the menuItems to be evenly spaced and centered in the fixed footer. Note that it’s just icons for now — we’ll add words at a bigger screen width shortly. Content.js <a href="https://medium.com/media/e491e16b8ac3bf2cb1c4b794f95a31fd/href">https://medium.com/media/e491e16b8ac3bf2cb1c4b794f95a31fd/href</a> We’re creating 20 dummy blog posts to act as the content. Because the TopBar and FooterMenu have fixed positions, they overlap the Content. So, taking advantage of our globally available styles, we can set top and bottom padding of the Content based on the topBarHeight and footerMenuHeight. And If you ever want to change those values, the Content will update accordingly and not have any styling issues. Refresh if you see errors, hot loading might not notice new files. Here’s how it should look on a mobile sized screen But when it gets bigger…. Yeah, not ideal. So, when the screen is wide enough (at 500px, for example), let’s show the text of the menu items in the <FooterMenu/>. But how do we know when the screen is 500px wide, without using media queries? Tracking the window size and using it Here’s some updated code to paste into App.js. <a href="https://medium.com/media/7551bb7553ae2587cf73109cbd14445d/href">https://medium.com/media/7551bb7553ae2587cf73109cbd14445d/href</a> All we’re doing here is keeping track of the browser window’s width and height in the App component’s state. We don’t even need the height for this tutorial, but one can imagine use-cases for tracking it. Again in App.js, add a bool property to the styles object indicating whether the window is wide enough to show text in the <FooterMenu/> menu items. <a href="https://medium.com/media/137880d947a2a9b3f98550bafa621e3f/href">https://medium.com/media/137880d947a2a9b3f98550bafa621e3f/href</a> Now update FooterMenu.js to show the menu text when applicable (and add some margin to the icons, too). <a href="https://medium.com/media/b846aaf09baf017fd4cd94380ab90312/href">https://medium.com/media/b846aaf09baf017fd4cd94380ab90312/href</a> Adding a sidebar for bigger screens Our sidebar is going to have two versions A “collapsed” version that’s pretty thin and just has icons, which looks better on screen sizes too wide for a FooterMenu but not quite wide enough for a full blown sidebar with text. An expanded version that includes menu text and is for larger screen sizes. So, let’s update the styles and tweak the render function in App.js to accommodate and control the new Sidebar component. Here’s the final App.js. <a href="https://medium.com/media/3ce2b08af112738aa8eb8cce7f3468b8/href">https://medium.com/media/3ce2b08af112738aa8eb8cce7f3468b8/href</a> Here are the notable changes in App.js above… — show the Sidebar when the window width is greater than 768px. We’ll also hide the FooterMenu and TopBar. styles.showSidebar — we’ll display the narrower, collapsed version of the sidebar at window widths less than 1100px. styles.sidebarCollapsed — change the Sidebar‘s width based on whether it’s collapsed or not. styles.sideBarWidth Create a new component file called Sidebar.js, and paste the below code into it. Note all of the styling ternaries for handling the different styles at different screen sizes. <a href="https://medium.com/media/cc7506d10ed47690afbec36bbf6a1a67/href">https://medium.com/media/cc7506d10ed47690afbec36bbf6a1a67/href</a> One last thing… The Sidebar is overlapping the main Content, so we have to make some final tweaks to Content.js to offset the content by however wide the Sidebar currently is, plus a little extra padding. <a href="https://medium.com/media/7b3d3036afaf1971e22f8323a9d6d4d3/href">https://medium.com/media/7b3d3036afaf1971e22f8323a9d6d4d3/href</a> And that’s it! Play around with your browser window and see how responsive the app is.

How to build fully responsive React apps with nothing but inline styles and JavaScript

In this post, we’ll , the consequences for the application, as well as steps to minimize downtimes in event processing when consumer group members change. learn how ’ Consumers behave differently from regular Kafka Consumers Kafka Streams With the , a containerised when one app instance (group member) is removed or restarted. For real-time data streaming workloads with a low e2e latency as an NFR (non-functional requirement), such a long ‘rebalance downtime’ often is unacceptable. default configuration stateless Streams app pauses processing for >45s Fortunately, there’s a simple yet efficient solution to address this problem. As a bonus, we will look under the hood of Kafka Consumer Groups, the Group Coordinator & Rebalance Protocol, and measure, analyze, and evaluate a simulation of a group member (replica) re-creation running on Kubernetes. ... ? here's a : TLDR spoiler props.put("internal.leave.group.on.close", true); Content Overview Theory Example Scenario: Kubernetes Pod Evicted… and Replaced Wait, 48s? Really??? Re-do the Example with ‘leaveGroupOnClose’ Pro Tips Conclusion Footnotes References and Further Reading Theory Regular Consumer Behaviour Let’s briefly recap on Kafka Consumers and Consumer groups. An Apache Kafka® is a client application that subscribes to (reads and processes) events. Consumer A is a set of consumers which cooperate to consume data from some topics. The partitions of all the topics are divided among the consumers in the group. As new group members arrive and old members leave, the partitions are re-assigned so that each member receives a proportional share of the partitions. This is known as the group. consumer group rebalancing (…) One of the brokers is designated as the group’s and is responsible for managing the members of the group as well as their partition assignments. coordinator (…) When the consumer starts up, it finds the coordinator for its group and sends a request to join the group. The coordinator then begins a group rebalance so that the new member is assigned its fair share of the group’s partitions. Every rebalance results in a new of the group. generation Each member in the group must send heartbeats to the coordinator in order to remain a member of the group. If no heartbeat is received before expiration of the configured , then the coordinator will kick the member out of the group and reassign its partitions to another member. session timeout (Source: ) Kafka Consumer | Confluent Documentation When a consumer leaves a group due to a controlled shutdown or a crash, its partitions are reassigned automatically to other consumers. Similarly, when a consumer (re) joins an existing group, all partitions are rebalanced among the group members. This dynamic group cooperation is facilitated by the . Kafka Rebalance Protocol For a rebalance scenario where one instance is stopped, the Consumer sends a request to the coordinator before stopping (as part of a graceful shutdown, ), which triggers a rebalance. LeaveGroup Consumer#close() During the entire rebalancing process, i.e. as long as the partitions are not reassigned, consumers no longer process any data. Fortunately, rebalancing is very fast, typically between anything from 50ms to seconds. It may vary depending on different factors, such as load on your Kafka cluster or the complexity of your Streams topology (no. of input topics, streams tasks := partitions, and state stores, … -> total no. of consumers). != Streams Consumer Behaviour For Kafka Streams, some config properties are overridden via ( ). One of those properties is , set to (enabled by default for Consumers). StreamsConfig.CONSUMER_DEFAULT_OVERRIDES "internal.leave.group.on.close" false regular Please note it’s a config, which may change without prior notice with new releases. Reference: . non-public ConsumerConfig.LEAVE_GROUP_ON_CLOSE_CONFIG This means Consumers will not send requests when stopped but will be removed by the coordinator only when the Consumer session times out (ref. ). The (note: was 10s before the Kafka 3.0.0 release, ref ). Consequently, no data is processed for more than 45 seconds for tasks assigned to the Consumer that had been stopped. LeaveGroup session.timeout.ms default Consumer session timeout is 45s KIP-735 It even worsens if a new Consumer (re) joins the group while suspected dead (no more heartbeats received), where all consumers shut down, and task assignment is blocked until the timeout is exceeded. The coordinator evicts the old Consumer that had been stopped from the group. Until then, processing comes completely to a halt for all tasks, also known as ‘stop-the-world’ rebalancing. While the ‘incremental cooperative rebalancing protocol’ introduced with Kafka 2.5 avoids ‘stop-the-world’ rebalancing for Consumers, the mentioned Kafka Streams overrides nullify some aspects. regular Example Scenario: Kubernetes Pod Evicted … and Replaced Running your apps on Kubernetes takes a longer route to achieve a robust, highly-available deployment. Kubernetes monitors your containers’ health, allows you to scale, and ensures all desired replicas are up and running according to your spec. But still, to be truly elastic and minimize downtime of your data stream processing, your application must be able to handle Pods (/container) to be restarted, evicted, and re-created gracefully. There are many potential causes, e.g. application upgrades ( ), k8s cluster security patching, (auto-)scaling, resource shortage, or k8s nodes running on Spot instances being interrupted. CI/CD Next, we look at a simple yet common example. Stateless Kafka Streams app, 6 streams tasks, running on Kubernetes as Deployment, with 3 replicas. Example infrastructure setup: One pod is terminated and successively replaced. Scenario: Initial state, all 3 pods are running & healthy, the streams app is processing, balanced task assignment Pod (P1.1) terminated (deleted) by k8s, shutting down gracefully A replacement Pod (P1.2) is scheduled & placed The final state, the replacement Pod is running & healthy, the streams app is processing balanced task assignment. I would like to share a screenshot depicting the consumer lag metrics, rendered in Grafana, for a simulation of our scenario. Let’s walk through the results and explain the behavior: the Pod (P1.1) is terminated and stops processing. The consumer lag of partitions starts to build up 18:34:00: [1,4] the replacement Pod (P1.2) has come up; the streams task sends a to the group coordinator 18:34:20: JoinGroup rebalancing triggered, assignments revoked, pauses - due to no heartbeats received from (P1.1) 18:34:21: all consumers pause processing, waiting for assignment; lag starts to build up for all partitions 18:34:21: rebalancing continues, new assignment, processing continues 18:34:45: all consumers caught up; consumer lags are back to healthy jitter 18:34:48: To better illustrate everything that is happening over time, here’s a time bar diagram highlighting all important steps: Here are the belonging application logs for the rebalancing, which occurred at and took . 16:34:44.988 92ms 2023-06-17 16:34:44,988 INFO State transition from RUNNING to REBALANCING
2023-06-17 16:34:45,080 INFO State transition from REBALANCING to RUNNING So, we can conclude the following downtimes: partitions : [2,5] 48s partitions : While the actual rebalancing took only . [0,1,2,3,4] 25s 92ms 😵 Wait, 48s? Really??? Depending on your stream processing use case, 45s+ downtime might be no big deal, but , it’s a massive . for real-time low-latency data streams breach of the NFR So let’s see what options we’ve got to mitigate: Option 1: Lower consumer session timeout Since the session timeout determines the downtime, one way to mitigate is to reduce . Don’t forget to decrease the value of to ensure three heartbeats plus a buffer can fit within the timeout period. session.timeout.ms heartbeat.interval.ms session.timeout.ms=6000
heartbeat.interval.ms=1500 Read the config here: Kafka Consumer Configurations Option 2: Enable ‘leaveGroupOnClose’ …but why work with timeouts when it’s perfectly valid to have your Streams Consumers notify the coordinator when closing down?!? stateless To enable ‘leaveGroupOnClose’ (overriding the 😜), configure your Kafka Streams app with the following property: override internal.leave.group.on.close=true Please note it’s a config, which may change without prior notice with new releases. Reference: . non-public ConsumerConfig.LEAVE_GROUP_ON_CLOSE_CONFIG Re-do the Example with ‘leaveGroupOnClose’ 🚀 Drum roll 🥁 … and here, without further ado, are the results: As we can ( ) see - the two rebalancings complete so fast that there's not even the slightest consumer lag increase visible in the metrics. Here’s the visual explanation: not Finally, here are also the application logs showing the timings of the rebalancing, which happened twice. One at that took , and the other at in . 17:46:00.332 92ms 17:46:21.361 98ms 2023-06-17 17:46:00,332 INFO State transition from RUNNING to REBALANCING
2023-06-17 17:46:00,424 INFO State transition from REBALANCING to RUNNING
2023-06-17 17:46:21,361 INFO State transition from RUNNING to REBALANCING
2023-06-17 17:46:21,458 INFO State transition from REBALANCING to RUNNING Pro Tips Stateless <> Stateful This post recommends setting for Kafka Streams applications. internal.leave.group.on.close=true stateless (!) Before implementing for stateful applications, it is crucial to understand all potential consequences. internal.leave.group.on.close=true Unfortunately, my evaluation using `internal.leave.group.on.close=true` in combination with standby replicas was not very promising. The expected fluent task re-assignment to hot standby while one replica "restarts" - and subsequent re-distribution of tasks, does not work. The Kafka Streams specific `HighAvailabilityTaskAssignor` has known issues such as uneven task assignment, frozen warmup tasks ('task movement'), and not recognising caught-up standby tasks when the consumer group changes. Please note there are plans to address those issues with the next version of the Consumer Rebalance Protocol (see [footnotes]( )). Often the best plan to keep downtimes low during rebalance for stateful apps is to stick with RocksDB + StatefulSet + PersistentVolumes + restart within (!) the session timeout => re-join with previous assignment, re-use RocksDB state, and avoid rebalancing entirely... #footnotes Alternatively, take a look at , introduced in an . kafka-streams-cassandra-state-store earlier blog post k8s Deployment .spec.minReadySeconds Frequently rebalancing within a short timeframe can cause consumer delays and strain the Kafka cluster. If your application/container has a quick restart time, such as when running as a GraalVM native executable, it’s worth considering the use of to maintain control and ensure upgrades occur in a controlled manner. This will help prevent frequent rebalancing within a short timeframe. .spec.minReadySeconds Conclusion By configuring your Kafka Streams app with , a graceful and tasks are re-assigned to other active members within the group. The while . As a result, your applications enables interruption-free CI/CD and can be auto-scaled. internal.leave.group.on.close=true shutdown immediately triggers a rebalancing process processing downtime is significantly reduced also improving elasticity and resilience Please note that this recommendation only applies to streams applications.! Tread carefully for stateful topologies, and do your homework!  Remember that stateless is a config, which may change without prior notice with new releases. Always check the source code for changes when upgrading the Kafka Streams dependency. internal.leave.group.on.close non-public Footnotes When writing this blog post, the latest version of kafka-streams was 3.4.1. There’s a ticket from June 2018 proposing to make the config public. The ticket is closed as . Concerns of the core developer team can be found in the discussion. KAFKA-6995 ’Won’t Fix’ Looking into the crystal ball: A Kafka Design Proposal (KIP) is in progress to introduce a new group membership and rebalance protocol for the Kafka Consumer and, by extensions, Kafka Streams.=> KIP-848: The Next Generation of the Consumer Rebalance Protocol It was also introduced on : Current 2022 The Next Generation of the Consumer Rebalance Protocol With David Jacot | UK The application + docker-compose setup that was put together for this article can be found on the thriving-dev GitHub Organisation::icon{name="mdi-github" class="inline -mt-0.5 w-6 h-6"} https://github.com/thriving-dev/kafka-streams-leave-group-on-close Many thanks to for proofreading the blog post! 🙇 @MatthiasJSax References and Further Reading Kafka Consumer Group Rebalance (1 of 2) Kafka Consumer Group Rebalance (2 of 2) Kafka-streams delay to kick rebalancing on consumer graceful shutdown - Stack Overflow Cooperative Rebalancing in the Kafka Consumer, Streams & ksqlDB Apache Kafka Rebalance Protocol, or the magic behind your streams applications | by Florian Hussonnois | StreamThoughts | Medium API that forces the member to leave the consumer group - Apache Kafka - Apache Software Foundation KIP-812: Introduce another form of the KafkaStreams.close() This post was originally published on . Thriving.dev

Minimizing Rebalance Downtime: Optimizing Stateless Kafka Streams Apps (x450)

Implementing Blue/Green Deployments with Azure Web Apps for Containers

For most developers and engineers, the working week is pretty hectic. You have a long list of tasks to complete, and only so many hours to get them done. Perhaps this is why developer productivity tools are so popular. If you choose the right apps, you can save yourself a big chunk of time and a whole heap of hassle. To help you build the , we went looking for the that are currently trending in coding communities. ultimate workflow developer tools Keep reading for a run-through of the standout solutions — from communication platforms to top code repositories. The Best Project Management and Issue Tracking Tools🚀 No matter what you’re working on, staying organised as a team and keeping track of issues are both absolutely essential. Here are some trending tools that can help you to maintain complete control over your process. 1. — Lightning Fast Issue Tracking and Management Linear Another up-and-coming issue tracking tool is Linear. This platform has won plaudits for its sleek interface and lightning-fast performance. While Stepsize provides inline issue tracking, Linear is closer to a project management tool. It can handle tasks, sprints, lists, and boards — and it even works offline. Perhaps the best feature in terms of developer productivity is Linear’s keyboard navigation. Using shortcuts, you can access almost anything within the app. : Free, paid plans from $8/mo Pricing 2. — Flexible Project Management Asana While Asana has been around for many years, the popular project management app is now gaining new followers, thanks to some great productivity features. In particular, Asana can adapt to pretty much any management framework: Kanban boards, Gantt charts, , and so on. You can also work in roadmaps, and track bugs, all within an app that has collaboration options. Agile sprints Just as importantly, Asana has embraced automation, with conditional workflows and streamlined approvals. Free, paid plans from $10.99/mo Pricing: 3. — The First Issue Tracker for Engineers Stepsize With features that allow Engineers in the editor, Stepsize has been a hit with developers lately. track issues Our platform works with VSCode and JetBrains editors to make it easy to link code to issues. It helps engineers to prioritise codebase issues, such as technical debt, and any problems they might come up during the development process. You can also connect your favourite for easy sprint planning, and hook up your existing issue tracking workflow to monitor your . project management tools technical debt In fact, Stepsize is specifically designed to be placed on top of your existing toolkit. This means that adopting this platform causes zero disruption to your process. It works with Visual Studio Code, Asana, Github, Jira, Linear, and many more apps. Free, with Pricing: paid plans from $15/mo The Best Communication Tools for Software Developers🎙 Keeping strong lines of communication is vital for any development team, particularly in remote companies. These top tools should help you and your coworkers to stay connected. 4. — Distraction-Free, Asynchronous Chat Twist While live messaging still has a place, many teams are now switching to asynchronous messaging, which allows people to collaborate across different work schedules and timezones. Twist is one of the apps leading this change. Designed specifically for asynchronous communication, it can best be described as a slower, more considered version of Slack. There are no notification dots and no presence indicators, and the UI is very clean. It strikes a really nice balance between encouraging teamwork and avoiding distractions. : Free, paid plans from $5/mo Pricing 5. — Powerful Chat With Loads of Integrations Slack We can’t really talk about collaboration without mentioning Slack. Like Asana, this chat platform has been a major player for some time now. However, Slack keeps improving. Just within the past year, the app has added instant audio meetings (“Huddles”), scheduled messages, and easy screen recording. You can also now message clients and external partners from within your Slack workspace, while the list of integrations continues to grow. : Free, paid plans from $6.67 Pricing 6. — Improve Sound Quality on Video Calls Krisp For remote teams, video calls are an essential form of communication. Unfortunately, people don’t always join from a serene office — so everyone else has to concentrate hard to hear what is being said above the sound of barking dogs or the hubbub of a busy coffee shop. Krisp is designed to solve this issue. The app uses artificial intelligence to enhance the voice you’re trying to hear and reduce the background distractions. It also cuts out the annoying echo you sometimes get. It works on Windows and Mac, with support for over 800 communication apps. : Free to download, paid plans from $5/mo Pricing The Best Code Repository Hosts 🏪 While and communication are important, you’re probably going to spend more time in your chosen code repo. Here are some hosts that will help you get things done. task management 7. — Still a Great Repository Host Github The reason Github is on this list? Well, it’s always trending — and for good reason. This wildly popular host is packed with useful features, such as bug tracking, personal and private repositories, release binaries, access management, and a long list of automation commands. Just as importantly, both Git and SVN are supported. The other attractive elements of Github are the community aspect, and very generous pricing — you can host unlimited free repositories. : Free, paid plans from $40/mo Pricing 8. — A Slick Hosting and Deployment Workflow Beanstalk While Github is a little more biased towards public repositories, Beanstalk is designed specifically for teams that want to host private repos. In other respects, these two hosts are quite similar — although developers appreciate the easy FTP deployment provided by Beanstalk. As used by Intel and Citrix, this solution also offers a slick interface and nice . It’s definitely a rising star to watch. code review tools : Free, paid plans from $15/mo Pricing 9. — An Atlassian-Powered Rival to Github BitBucket If Github is the market leader in repository hosting, BitBucket is probably the standout alternative. Powered by the behemoth that is , this platform gives developers greater control over branch permissions and workflows. Atlassian While Github is well catered for in terms of integrations, BitBucket also offers deep support for third-party APIs. Teams that use Trello will be particularly pleased with the level of integration. One other area in which BitBucket excels is for projects that rely on big files, as the platform provides full support for Git Large File Storage (LFS). : Free, paid plans from $15/mo Pricing The Best Deployment Solutions 🔬 Some of the hosts mentioned above provide simple deployment features. But if your project is complex or beyond a certain scale, you may find that these dedicated apps provide a more robust option. 10. — Fully Integrated DevOps Management Gitlab In many respects, Gitlab is a next-generation deployment solution. It combines the essentials of planning, packaging, and release with DevOps features like configuration and monitoring. Gitlab is optimised for the cloud, with full Kubernetes integration and a container registry. The platform can also adapt to your CI/CD preferences, while managers can take full control thanks to a single permission model. These features could work for any team, but Gitlab is particularly optimised for remote teams. : Free, paid plans from $19/mo Pricing 11. — Easy Deployment and DevOps for Salesforce Apps Flosum Okay, so this one is a bit niche: a DevOps solution designed specifically for apps. Salesforce But the truth is, Flosum can’t be ignored. This platform has received almost universal praise from developers, including teams from Visa and Amazon. The features that make Flosum stand out include native version control, strong security, and unmatched integration with Salesforce, such as full support for Lightning Components. Plus, it works with Git, Selenium, , Azure DevOps, and other third-party tools. Jira : Free trial, paid plans on request Pricing 12. — Continuous Deployment for the Cloud AWS CodeDeploy Given the popularity of using AWS for cloud apps, CodeDeploy is an obvious inclusion for this list. The service helps to automate deployment to EC2 or local instances, and even Lambda functions. In fact, CodeDeploy can handle almost anything you throw at it. The list includes code, multimedia files, executables, scripts, and much more. And like most other Amazon services, it’s highly scalable. While CodeDeploy is somewhat lacking when it comes to third-party integrations, it’s a worthy choice for any AWS-based setup. : Free for cloud deployments to AWS, or $0.02 per on-premises instance Pricing The Best Testing and Monitoring Tools for Development Teams 🕵️‍♀️ is an important part of the development process, and it’s an area that is seeing a lot of innovation. Here are a few of the tools that are leading the way right now. Testing 13. — User-Friendly Concurrent Testing Ghost Inspector In many cases, testing for web applications can be completed using local browser tests. But there are limitations to this approach. In particular, you need someone with good technical knowledge just to run such tests. Ghost Inspector makes the process much easier and quicker. Through one clean interface, you can create and manage tests for a wide range of web technologies. With an eye on productivity, the platform can run over 50 tests concurrently, and it integrates with HipChat, Slack, PagerDuty, and other apps. : Free trial, then paid plans from $89/mo Pricing 14. — Simplified No-Code Testing Stacks TestSigma Another service that is aiming to simplify testing is TestSigma. This fresh-faced tool allows developers and QA teams to build comprehensive testing stacks without a single line of code. The tests can be created using written commands, or by recording actions, and you can run them online or in the cloud. TestSigma covers over 800 browsers and 2,000 devices, with detailed real-time reports and nice debugging features. This app even has an “auto-pilot” feature, which lets you hand over maintenance tasks to AI. : Open source for local testing; free in the cloud, with paid plans from $349/mo Pricing 15. — Comprehensive Selenium-Style Testing LambdaTest Offering support for over 3,000 browser and operating systems, LambdaTest is a truly comprehensive testing platform. You can use it on web and mobile apps, and the platform claims to be even faster than local testing. Another benefit of using LambdaTest is that you can use the platform to automate Selenium tests. If you have a different preference, the platform can handle Appium, Cypress, and JavaScript just as well. Other notable features include powerful debugging tools, and the option to test geo-location. : Free, paid plans from $15/mo Pricing More Useful Software Developer Tools 💡 Even outside the categories mentioned above, you can find great software development tools that enhance productivity. Here’s our pick of the bunch. 16. — Goodbye Spreadsheets, Hello Live Data AirTable Remember all the data you have been storing in oversized spreadsheets? AirTable provides a much more flexible platform for storing and sharing information. Just as importantly, the platform offers deep integration with all your favourite apps. : Free, paid plans from $10/mo Pricing 17. — Clean Up Your Code With a Click Prettier In simple terms, Prettier is a code formatter that makes your code...well... prettier. In addition, the one-click formatting finally puts an end to debates over styling. It works with most popular editors, languages, and frameworks. : Free Pricing Choosing the Right Developer Productivity Tools 👀 As we have seen, productivity tools for come in many forms. In this post, we only had space for just a few highlights. software developers If you are thinking of upgrading your workflow, ask yourself — which tasks are currently slowing you down? Which tasks could be automated? And could investing in a new solution actually save you time and money in the long run? The answers you come to should reveal where tools can improve your productivity. Once you have identified some areas for improvement, be sure to create free or trial accounts at a few different providers, and keep an eye on sites like and to spot fresh new solutions. Product Hunt Refactoring Library

17 Apps to Boost Developer Productivity

We needed to add Video Ads to our broadcasts in our React Native (Expo) app. After trying out a few (mostly outdated) implementations for React Native, I decided to implement the ads with the Google IMA API in Native iOS and Android instead. Implementing Video Ads in React Native Apps Part 1: iOS Hopefully, the code examples can be helpful if you are trying to do something similar. The video ads are being delivered by Google Ad Manager. For our sample application, we will use Google’s sample vast tags. Let’s get started with our sample app. In your terminal, run expo init Media I’m selecting the blank template. For more information on Expo and settings needed, check out . https://docs.expo.dev/ To run our project, type: cd Media
yarn ios You should now see the iOS app running inside the Expo Go Client. Let’s add React Navigation so we can navigate between screens. expo install @react-navigation/native
expo install react-native-screens react-native-safe-area-context To add a Stack Navigator, install expo install @react-navigation/native-stack Replace the App.js file with import * as React from 'react';
import { View, Text } from 'react-native';
import { NavigationContainer } from '@react-navigation/native';
import { createNativeStackNavigator } from '@react-navigation/native-stack';

function HomeScreen() {
  return (
    <View style={{ flex: 1, alignItems: 'center', justifyContent: 'center' }}>
      <Text>Home Screen</Text>
    </View>
  );
}

const Stack = createNativeStackNavigator();

function App() {
  return (
    <NavigationContainer>
      <Stack.Navigator>
        <Stack.Screen name="Home" component={HomeScreen} />
      </Stack.Navigator>
    </NavigationContainer>
  );
}

export default App; Create a folder “screens” and a new JS File “VideoScreen.js” in it: import * as React from "react";
import { View, Text } from "react-native";

export default function VideoScreen() {
  return (
    <View style={{ flex: 1, alignItems: "center", justifyContent: "center" }}>
      <Text>Video Screen</Text>
    </View>
  );
} In App.js, add a button to the Home Screen. Import the VideoScreen and add it to the stack. import * as React from 'react';
import { View, Text, Button } from 'react-native';
import { NavigationContainer } from '@react-navigation/native';
import { createNativeStackNavigator } from '@react-navigation/native-stack';
import VideoScreen from './screens/VideoScreen';

function HomeScreen({ navigation }) {
  return (
    <View style={{ flex: 1, alignItems: 'center', justifyContent: 'center' }}>
      <Button
        title="Video"
        onPress={() => navigation.navigate('Video')}
      />
    </View>
  );
}

const Stack = createNativeStackNavigator();

function App() {
  return (
    <NavigationContainer>
      <Stack.Navigator>
        <Stack.Screen name="Home" component={HomeScreen} />
        <Stack.Screen name="Video" component={VideoScreen} />
      </Stack.Navigator>
    </NavigationContainer>
  );
}

export default App; Let’s add Video and IMA for iOS now. First, let’s create the native iOS folder by running: expo run:ios Add the following to the Podfile in the ios folder: source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git'

...
# (below target 'Media' do)
pod 'GoogleAds-IMA-iOS-SDK'
... Inside the ios folder, run pod install to install the Google IMA library. pod install --repo-update Create the Objective C file RNTVideoViewManager.m . We are defining 2 parameters that will be passed from React Native to iOS and a view that will be returned to React native. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <React/RCTViewManager.h>
#import "Media-Swift.h"

@interface RNTVideoViewManager : RCTViewManager

@end

@implementation RNTVideoViewManager

RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(videoUrl, NSString);
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(adTagUrl, NSString);

RCT_EXPORT_MODULE()

- (UIView *)view {
  
  return [VideoView new];
  
}

@end Create the VideoView.swift file. import UIKit

class VideoView: UIView {
  
  weak var videoViewController: VideoViewController?
  
  @objc var videoUrl: String? {
    didSet {
      setNeedsLayout()
    }
  }
  
  @objc var adTagUrl: String? {
    didSet {
      setNeedsLayout()
    }
  }
  
  override init(frame: CGRect) {
    super.init(frame: frame)
  }
  required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) { fatalError("nope") }
  
  override func layoutSubviews() {
    super.layoutSubviews()
    
    if (self.videoViewController==nil) {
      embed()
    } else {
      videoViewController?.view.frame = bounds
    }
  }
  
  private func embed() {
    guard
      let parentVC = parentViewController
    else {
        return
      }
    
    let vc = VideoViewController()
    vc.videoUrl = videoUrl ?? ""
    vc.adTagUrl = adTagUrl ?? ""
    
    vc.videoView = self
    
    parentVC.addChild(vc)
    addSubview(vc.view)
    vc.view.frame = bounds
    vc.didMove(toParent: parentVC)
    self.videoViewController = vc
  }
}

extension UIView {
  var parentViewController: UIViewController? {
    var parentResponder: UIResponder? = self
    while parentResponder != nil {
      parentResponder = parentResponder!.next
      if let viewController = parentResponder as? UIViewController {
        return viewController
      }
    }
    return nil
  }
} Create VideoViewController.swift import AVFoundation
import AVKit
import UIKit
import GoogleInteractiveMediaAds

class VideoViewController: UIViewController, IMAAdsLoaderDelegate,IMAAdsManagerDelegate {
  var videoUrl:String = ""
  var adTagUrl:String = ""
  
  var videoView:VideoView?
  
  var adsLoader: IMAAdsLoader!
  var adsManager: IMAAdsManager!
  var contentPlayhead: IMAAVPlayerContentPlayhead?
  
  var playerViewController: AVPlayerViewController!
  
  deinit {
    NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self)
  }
  
  override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.black;
    setUpContentPlayer()
    setUpAdsLoader()
  }
  
  override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewDidAppear(animated);
    requestAds()
  }
  
  func setUpContentPlayer() {
    // Load AVPlayer with path to your content.
    do{
      // Configure and activate the AVAudioSession
      // so the video sound will play even when the iPhone is muted
      try AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().setCategory(
        AVAudioSession.Category.playback
      )
      try AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().setActive(true)
    } catch {
      //error setting audio
    }

    let contentURL = URL(string: videoUrl)
    let player = AVPlayer(url: contentURL!)
    
    playerViewController = AVPlayerViewController()
          
    playerViewController.player = player
    
    // Set up your content playhead and contentComplete callback.
    contentPlayhead = IMAAVPlayerContentPlayhead(avPlayer: player)
    NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
      self,
      selector: #selector(VideoViewController.contentDidFinishPlaying(_:)),
      name: NSNotification.Name.AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTime,
      object: player.currentItem);
    
    showContentPlayer()
  }
  
  func showContentPlayer() {
    self.addChild(playerViewController)
    playerViewController.view.frame = self.view.bounds
    self.view.insertSubview(playerViewController.view, at: 0)
    playerViewController.didMove(toParent:self)
  }
  
  func hideContentPlayer() {
    // The whole controller needs to be detached so that it doesn't capture  events from the remote.
    playerViewController.willMove(toParent:nil)
    playerViewController.view.removeFromSuperview()
    playerViewController.removeFromParent()
  }
  
  func setUpAdsLoader() {
      adsLoader = IMAAdsLoader(settings: nil)
      adsLoader.delegate = self
    }
  
  func requestAds() {
    // Create ad display container for ad rendering.
    let adDisplayContainer = IMAAdDisplayContainer(adContainer: self.view, viewController: self)
    // Create an ad request with our ad tag, display container, and optional user context.
    let request = IMAAdsRequest(
      adTagUrl: adTagUrl,
      adDisplayContainer: adDisplayContainer,
      contentPlayhead: contentPlayhead,
      userContext: nil)
    
    adsLoader.requestAds(with: request)
  }
  
  @objc func contentDidFinishPlaying(_ notification: Notification) {
    adsLoader.contentComplete()
  }
  
  // MARK: - IMAAdsLoaderDelegate
  
  func adsLoader(_ loader: IMAAdsLoader, adsLoadedWith adsLoadedData: IMAAdsLoadedData) {
    adsManager = adsLoadedData.adsManager
    adsManager.delegate = self
    adsManager.initialize(with: nil)
  }
  
  func adsLoader(_ loader: IMAAdsLoader, failedWith adErrorData: IMAAdLoadingErrorData) {
    showContentPlayer()
    playerViewController.player?.play()
  }
  
  // MARK: - IMAAdsManagerDelegate
  
  func adsManager(_ adsManager: IMAAdsManager, didReceive event: IMAAdEvent) {
    // Play each ad once it has been loaded
    if event.type == IMAAdEventType.LOADED {
      adsManager.start()
    }
  }
  
  func adsManager(_ adsManager: IMAAdsManager, didReceive error: IMAAdError) {
    // Fall back to playing content
    showContentPlayer()
    playerViewController.player?.play()
  }
  
  func adsManagerDidRequestContentPause(_ adsManager: IMAAdsManager) {
    // Pause the content for the SDK to play ads.
    playerViewController.player?.pause()
    hideContentPlayer()
  }
  
  func adsManagerDidRequestContentResume(_ adsManager: IMAAdsManager) {
    // Resume the content since the SDK is done playing ads (at least for now).
    showContentPlayer()
    playerViewController.player?.play()
  }
  
} Let’s use our native component in React Native now. Create a folder “components” and inside a file VideoViewIos.js. // requireNativeComponent automatically resolves 'RNTVideoView' to 'RNTVideoViewManager'
import { requireNativeComponent } from "react-native";

module.exports = requireNativeComponent("RNTVideoView"); In the VideoScreen.js, add the new VideoViewIos. import * as React from "react";
import { View, Text, Dimensions } from "react-native";
import Constants from "expo-constants";
import VideoViewIos from "../components/VideoViewIos"

const videoLink = "https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/master.m3u8";
const adTagUrl = "https://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/gampad/ads?sz=640x480&iu=/124319096/external/single_ad_samples&ciu_szs=300x250&impl=s&gdfp_req=1&env=vp&output=vast&unviewed_position_start=1&cust_params=deployment%3Ddevsite%26sample_ct%3Dlinear&correlator=";

const width=Dimensions.get("window").width;

export default function VideoScreen() {
  return (
    <View style={{ flex: 1, alignItems: "center", justifyContent: "center" }}>
      {Constants.platform.ios && (
            <VideoViewIos
              videoUrl={videoLink}
              adTagUrl={adTagUrl}
              style={{
                height: width * 0.56,
                width: width,
                backgroundColor: "grey",
              }}
            />
          )}
    </View>
  );
} Now when we click on Video, we will see the sample preroll and our video afterwards. Please remember, when using a production ad tag url, you also need to add your GAD application identifier - either in your app.json: "ios": {
      ...
      "config": {
        "googleMobileAdsAppId": "ca-app-pub-XXXXX~XXXXX"
      }
    }, or in your Info.plist in your Xcode project <key>GADApplicationIdentifier</key>
	<string>ca-app-pub-XXXXX~XXXXX</string> To check out the full implementation, see the repository on Github. It also includes the Audio implementation, including a way to stop and resume audio from the React Native side. https://github.com/cabhara/ReactNativeVideoAds References Expo https://docs.expo.dev/ Using Native Components in React Native https://reactnative.dev/docs/native-components-ios https://reactnative.dev/docs/native-components-android https://teabreak.e-spres-oh.com/swift-in-react-native-the-ultimate-guide-part-2-ui-components-907767123d9e React Navigation https://reactnavigation.org/docs Google IMA https://developers.google.com/interactive-media-ads/docs/sdks/ios/client-side https://developers.google.com/interactive-media-ads/docs/sdks/android/client-side https://developers.google.com/interactive-media-ads/docs/sdks/html5/client-side/tags

How to Implement Video Ads in React Native Apps

For the last year and a half, my twin brother and I have been working on : a new programming language for developing full-stack web apps with less code. Wasp Wasp is a that makes developing web apps easy while still allowing you to use the latest technologies like . simple declarative language React, Node.js, and Prisma In this post, I will share with you why we believe Wasp could be a big thing for web development, how it works, where we are right now and what is the plan for the future! Why Wasp? You know how to use React, know your way around HTML/CSS/…, know how to write business logic on the backend (e.g. in Node), but when you want to build an actual web app and deploy it for others to use, you drown in all the details and extra work: responsive UI, proper error handling, security, building, deployment, authentication, managing server state on the client, managing database, different environments, ... . Jose Aguinaga described in a fun way the unexpected complexity of web app development in his blog post , which still feels relevant 4 years later. "How it feels to learn JavaScript in 2016" We are building Wasp because even though we are both experienced developers and have worked on multiple complex web apps in various technologies (JQuery -> Backbone -> Angular -> React, bash scripts / makefile -> Grunt -> Gulp -> Webpack, PHP -> Java -> Node.js, …), we still feel , due to a lot of boilerplate and repetitive work involved in the process. building web apps is harder than it should be The main insight for us was that while the tech stack keeps advancing rapidly, the core requirements of the apps are mostly remaining the same (auth, routing, data model CRUD, ACL, …). That is why almost 2 years ago we started thinking about (what it should do) (how it should do it). This led us to the idea of extracting common web app features and concepts into a special specification language (Wasp), while the implementation details are still described via a modern stack (right now React, Node.js, Prisma). separating web app specification from its implementation Our vision with Wasp is to create . We want to make the top of that iceberg on the image above as pleasant as possible while making the bottom part much smaller. In such language, with just a few words, you can specify pages and their routes, specify which type of authentication you want, define basic entities / data models, describe basic data flow, choose where you want to deploy, implement specific details in React/Node, and let Wasp take care of connecting it all, building it and deploying it. a powerful but simple language where you can describe your web app as humanly as possible Check for the complete example. here Why a language (DSL), aren’t frameworks solving this already? Frameworks (like e.g. Ruby on Rails or Meteor) are a big inspiration to us. However, we want to take things one step further - by designing a language specialized for the domain of web apps (a ) . DSL we can get rid of a lot of boilerplate and provide a cleaner & simpler developer experience On the other hand, we are not trying to replace everything with Wasp nor think that would make sense - just the opposite, Wasp acts as a “glue” between your React and Node.js code, saving you from the grunt work while allowing you to keep the flexibility of writing your own code. The majority of the code is still being written in React and Node.js, with Wasp serving as the backbone of your whole application. Another benefit of a DSL is that it allows Wasp to before generating the final code, and this is what we are especially excited about. understand the web app’s requirements during the build time and reason about it For example, when generating code to be deployed to production, it could pick the most appropriate architecture based on its understanding of the web app and deploy it to serverless or another type of architecture (or even a combination). Another example would be reusing your data model logic through all the parts of the stack while defining it just once in Wasp. DSL opens the potential for optimizations, static analysis, extensibility, and unparalleled ergonomics. How does it work? Wasp compiler compiles the .wasp/React/Node.js source code into just React/Node.js target code. Currently, Wasp supports only Javascript, but we plan to add Typescript soon. Technical note: Wasp compiler is implemented in Haskell. While right now only React and Node.js are supported, we also plan to support other technologies in the future. Generated code is human readable and can easily be inspected and even ejected if Wasp becomes too limiting. If not ejecting, there is no need for you to ever look at the generated code - it is generated by Wasp in the background. Wasp is used via wasp CLI - to run wasp project in development, all you need to do is run `wasp start`. Where is Wasp now and where is it going? Our big vision is to move as much of the web app domain knowledge as possible into the Wasp language itself, giving Wasp more power and flexibility. Ultimately, since Wasp would have such a deep understanding of the web app's requirements, we could generate a visual editor on top of it - allowing non-developers to participate in development alongside developers. Also, Wasp wouldn't be tied to the specific technology but rather support multiple technologies (React/Angular/..., Node/Go/...). and some features are still rough or missing, there are things we haven’t solved yet and others that will probably change as we progress, but Wasp is currently in Alpha you can try it out and build and deploy web apps! ✅ full-stack auth (email & password) ✅ pages & routing ✅ blurs the line between client & server - define your server actions and queries and call them directly in your client code (RPC)! ✅ smart caching of server actions and queries (automatic cache invalidation) ✅ entity (data model) definition with Prisma.io ✅ ACL on frontend ✅ importing NPM dependencies What Wasp currently supports: ⏳ ACL on backend ⏳ one-click deployment ⏳ more auth methods (Google, Linkedin, ...) ⏳ tighter integration of entities with other features ⏳ themes and layouts ⏳ support for explicitly defined server API ⏳ inline JS - the ability to mix JS code with Wasp code! ⏳ Typescript support ⏳ server-side rendering ⏳ Visual Editor ⏳ support for different languages on the backend ⏳ richer wasp language with better tooling What is coming: at and at -> we are always looking for feedback and suggestions on how to shape Wasp! You can check out our repo https://github.com/wasp-lang/wasp give Wasp a try https://wasp-lang.dev/docs We also have a on , where we chat about Wasp-related stuff - join us to see what we are up to, share your opinions or get help with your Wasp project. community Discord

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