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Sept. 26, 2023 - San Jose, California - HiveMQ, the global leader in enterprise MQTT solutions, has announced HiveMQ Data Hub, an integrated policy engine within the HiveMQ broker designed to enforce data integrity and quality. The new offering helps to ...

HiveMQ Presents Data Hub, an Integrated Policy Engine for MQTT Data

Automation

SAN JOSE, Calif., Sept. 26, 2023 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- HiveMQ, the global leader in enterprise MQTT solutions, today announced HiveMQ Data Hub, an integrated policy engine within the HiveMQ broker ...

Announcing HiveMQ Data Hub, an Integrated Policy Engine for MQTT Data

Benzinga.com

Get the most recent info and news about HiveMQ on HackerNoon, where 10k+ technologists publish stories for 4M+ monthly readers.

HiveMQ is a MQTT broker - a messaging platform for fast, efficient and reliable data movement to and from connected IoT devices and enterprise systems

HiveMQ

facilitates efficient data movement for IIoT, ensuring the availability of up-to-date manufacturing machine data from various sources. This data can be combined to effectively track and analyze unplanned downtime in your manufacturing or industrial IIoT (IIoT) setup. MQTT So, in this article, we’ll explore how MQTT and Sparkplug can help manufacturers aggregate data and put it to work to enable machine downtime analytics. Factory Data Acquisition and Aggregation using MQTT and Sparkplug (see Figure 1) is a standard binary publish-subscribe messaging protocol designed for fast and reliable factory machines, systems, and application data transport to enable tracking of unplanned downtime, especially under very constrained conditions. MQTT Constraints may include unreliable network connectivity, limited bandwidth, or limited battery power. MQTT is built on top of TCP/IP, which is the go-to communication protocol to interconnect network devices on the Internet. For these reasons, MQTT is ideal for IIoT and supports an event-driven architecture. MQTT technology is designed to push data to and from thousands of remote factory machines, systems, and applications across the enterprise. is a framework that sits on top of MQTT to add more context to manufacturing data. MQTT Sparkplug It is an open-source software specification that provides MQTT clients with a framework to integrate various factory data and provide context by defining data models. It provides a consistent way for manufacturing equipment manufacturers and software providers to share contextual factory data, enriching the analysis of unplanned downtime. Figure 2 provides an MQTT Sparkplug-based data architecture which shows how the data broker connects multiple machines/processes and applications to enable seamless bi-directional factory data movement between OT and IT systems. MQTT has gained in popularity when it comes to enterprise IIoT strategy. In a survey conducted by IIoT in 2022, MQTT was the clear winner when it came to data movement tools essential to fulfilling IIoT’s strategy. Five Benefits of Using MQTT and Sparkplug in IIoT 1. Unifying a Variety of Factory Machine Data Types Software algorithms that help track and reduce machine downtime need a rich variety of data which includes machine data, process data, maintenance records, and other information. Each of these data types comes in at different rates. MQTT provides a single source of truth that can bring all the data together into one location providing a to then allow these algorithms to easily act upon the data and reduce unplanned downtimes. Unified Namespace (UNS) 2. Achieving Real-time Factory Data Acquisition and Aggregation For machine downtime tracking and reducing algorithms to be effective, especially in edge-based solutions, the data and information have to be real-time because, otherwise, the algorithm output will be based on old data which may not lead to the right outcome on machine failure, leading to potentially wrong decisions being taken. MQTT enables real-time information sharing based on its exception-based reporting and publish-subscribe architecture. Also, Sparkplug ensures that factory sub-system changes like new system creation, system teardown, or changes are notified in real-time to the applications running the algorithms so that the right decisions can be made based on the latest factory system data. 3. Bringing in Contextualized Manufacturing Data For machine downtime tracking and reducing algorithms to work optimally, apart from having the actual data, having the context around the data is also very important. This is where having a data model that defines the structure of the factory data, where the machine resides with respect to the subsystem, production location, etc., provides more context to data that can help the predictive maintenance algorithms do a better job of predicting the machine failures. MQTT Sparkplug provides these data models to ensure the data context is better interpreted for richer output. MQTT Sparkplug also supports data tagging and metadata, allowing manufacturers to organize, filter, and search data more effectively. This increased data organization enhances data quality and supports advanced downtime analytics and machine learning applications. 4. Scaling the Flow of Manufacturing Data Reliably MQTT Sparkplug supports scalable and reliable communication, with mechanisms for handling large volumes of data and ensuring that messages are delivered reliably. It has built-in buffering capabilities and Quality of Service (QoS) levels to support high reliability. MQTT Sparkplug can also support a large number of device connections while ensuring that data packets are not lost. This enables advanced downtime measurement algorithms that need high volumes of data to accurately track downtime, its root cause and ensure that it can be minimized. 5. Securely Connecting and Transferring Factory Data MQTT Sparkplug supports robust security measures, including encryption, access controls, and user authentication, to protect sensitive data and prevent unauthorized access of IIoT data. For most manufacturers, security and privacy risk is the most significant barrier to adopting edge or cloud-based machine downtime analytics technology. For MQTT communication to happen, a client needs to be authenticated with a broker so that it can send or receive data on a topic namespace. This makes the communication highly secure. The other biggest security feature of MQTT is that all communications are outbound and so there are no open ports to hack into. Most . This includes authorization/authentication features like Username & password, OAuth 2.0 (JWT), X.509 client certificates, dynamic permissions, and roles-based permissions to name a few. MQTT brokers provide additional security features Brokers also typically provide TLS / SSL Encryption for all the communications from and to the broker. Apart from that, a few enterprise Brokers, like HiveMQ, offer additional integrations, which enable customers to implement the same security measures that they have on their IT infrastructure like AD, LDAP, and others on the broker. Get Started With Real-Time Tracking and Analyzing to Avoid Unplanned Downtime The MQTT protocol, along with Sparkplug, is gaining in popularity for factory to enterprise/cloud communications as it is lightweight, reports by exception, and provides a lot of features around security, scalability, reliability, and others. MQTT is helping to drive IIoT applications that have taken manufacturing verticals closer to eliminating unplanned downtime. IIoT and MQTT-enabled asset management and advanced algorithms have helped in the significant reductions in unplanned downtime, advancing the company’s manufacturing capabilities and efficiencies.

Using MQTT for IIoT in Tracking and Analyzing Unplanned Manufacturing Downtime: 5 Great  Positives

Uso de MQTT para IIoT en el seguimiento y análisis del tiempo de inactividad de fabricación no planificado: 5 grandes aspectos positivos

Utilisation de MQTT pour l'IIoT dans le suivi et l'analyse des temps d'arrêt de fabrication non planifiés : 5 grands points positifs

अनियोजित विनिर्माण डाउनटाइम को ट्रैक करने और विश्लेषण करने में IIoT के लिए MQTT का उपयोग करना: 5 महान सकारात्मकताएँ

計画外の製造ダウンタイムの追跡と分析における IIoT 用 MQTT の使用: 5 つの大きな利点

Usando o MQTT para IIoT no rastreamento e análise do tempo de inatividade de fabricação não planejado: 5 grandes pontos positivos

Sử dụng MQTT cho IIoT trong việc theo dõi và phân tích thời gian ngừng sản xuất ngoài kế hoạch: 5 điểm tích cực lớn

将 MQTT 用于 IIoT 来跟踪和分析计划外制造停机：5 个巨大的积极因素

Far from perfect. (Probably) better than roll your own. Authentication is hard. Not hard in the intellectual sense — well-defined standards such as OAuth2 are complete, extensively documented and supported by an ecosystem of tooling. Rather, authentication is hard to get . Didn’t use a state variable or nonce for one time requests — oops. Stored your passwords as an MD5 hash instead of using bcrypt — oops. Didn’t force HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) and get down-grade attacked — oops. Rookie mistakes, all. right Click here for a more detailed rant. The good news is that even a modestly incompetent developer can read the spec, make a checklist and implement. The bad news, for those of us who love re-writing well-trodden non-application-specific code, is why bother. After evaluating “rolling our own” and a number of 3rd party vendors, we choose Auth0.¹ We don’t bother to “reinvent the wheel” on other non-differentiating aspects of our technology stack. We didn’t roll-our own single-page java-script framework, we use Ember. We didn’t setup our own servers, we use AWS. So why do so many organisations take the technical risk, time and expense of rolling their own auth? No differentiation. Very easy to FUBAR. I am an Auth0 fanboy ( ); but, SaaS auth is a better option than roll your own authorisation for most small companies. not resin!? Props (Done well) Plug and play integration As an Ember and node.js shop, it was important to have an Auth provider that plays nicely with our stack. Well, we were in luck. There’s is a (the de facto standard for auth in “ambitious web application”). community supported ember-simple-auth integration Auth0 officially supports a Passport strategy. Easy peasy. Glide path Auth0’s is a batteries included signin solution ideal for straight-forward use-cases. They also allow callback page customisation from their web console. lock.js For rolling your own, you can always drop-back to their client-side SDK. For highly “non-happy-path” requirements, the underlying API is available. A one, two, three punch glide path for all your signin/signup needs. Versioning of serverless components Auth0 includes out-of-the box support for customization, including a for lock² and a .³ hosted page rules engine Neither supports versioning out-of-the-box; in the base Auth0, once you make a rule-change or update to the hosted page, the previous version is gone for good. Fortunately, there is a available to push directly from a repo. Github extension Extensive documentation One of the underlying premises of the B2B SaaS provider is that you and your company is not a special snowflake. There is undifferentiated overhead— log analytics, code deployment, authorisation/SSO — that you’d be better-off outsourcing than building in-house. Auth0 has dozens of and quickstarts, and multi-language API docs with build-in examples using your pre-populated credentials/settings. tutorials Multi-language support, e.g. in token management API docs Some companies “kill you with the manual”, but the technical writing team at Auth0 know their craft. The docs are well-written, easy to navigate (internal references in all the right places) and up-to-date ( ). including a complete version history on github Drops (Could do better) Naturally, every company could do better… Compliance Transparency: SOC2 & HIPAA The biggest ding is that they only extend SOC2 coverage to their enterprise customers. To peek under the hood, I requested the report . per instruction O.k…request away What I find unreasonable is that Auth0 has to share the report upon request. refused Exploding Kittens reserves all rights, presumably. Fair use. The full report is only available to their enterprise customers, which starts at $20k+ per year. Developer and Developer Pro customers simply aren’t good enough to peek under the hood. But that’s o.k., just “trust us.” The devil is in the details, and for something as critical as auth, the details matter. A SOC2 is not an ISO27001. Attestation is not certification For example, Auth0 only opted to on 2/5 available Trust Areas: Security and Availability. My presumption is that the other 3 trust areas (Processing Integrity, Confidentiality and Privacy) will be forthcoming over time. attain SOC2 attestation Since a HIPAA is available, again only for enterprise customers, my assumption is that they’re most of the way there on privacy. BAA (Business Associate Agreement) Quota and service limit transparency Auth0 is a company built on trust. It’s a huge step for a startup, let alone an enterprise, to hand-over the keys to the kingdom to an authorisation and SSO vendor. They are transparent in some places, such as . rate limiting In others, a complete lack of transparency. For example, pricing is based on users; but, how many non-interactive clients are customers allowed: talk to sales!? Take a book from the , and err on the side of transparency about service limits and usage quotas. AWS playbook Fine-grained authorisation control Despite a few odd omissions — e.g. not being able to edit user information such as emails in Auth0 Database connections — the Auth0 administration panel is quite powerful. Indeed, it allows non-developers to serve as admins since SQL and terminal knowledge aren’t required. Unfortunately, unlike the very fine-grained AWS IAM, role-based delegation in Auth0 stops at admin + client. You can delegate a different admin for your interactive client vs API, but they’ll have complete control of their respective domains. No, person A can administer users, person B can touch the advanced settings. It’s all or nothing. Competitors Okta Okta was the runner-up in the great auth bake-off. We hearted the StormPath API, but from my perspective Okta FBAR’d the . Sun-setting the API without a clean transition path. No glide path from sandbox trial →dev →production. Abandoning a rich ecosystem of plugins (shout-out to HiveMQ). acquisition There’s also a big gap in the pricing models between Stormpath and the rest of the Okta suite. Stormpath has all-inclusive block-pricing starting at $20/month for 1k users, which is reasonable. What is unreasonable is on a github.io page instead of being honest with their customers. burying their pricing plan Okta has pricing, which would be fine for small internal SSO user numbers. What is not fine is buring a . Probably surprised a few small companies. a la cart $1500 annual minimum in the fine print Caveat emptor Not ideal for starting super-small, but I could live with the pricing. Was a mite miffed that they tried to pawn me off to an “engagement meeting” with a sales + sales engineer duet. A bit of LinkedIn due diligence reveals a roughly 3:1 gearing between sales and engineering, so no surprises there. Ending on a positive note, unlike Auth0 (shame!), they were willing to share their SOC with an NDA (ass-covering, albeit probably unenforceable). Maybe, just maybe, the Okta Developer Relations team will take some of these tips to heart. After all, they did mention from the remnants of Stormpath. “feedback” 5 times in their recent post on how the DevRel sausage was made Centrify Enterprise SSO. Wholly inappropriate. Disclosure I am affiliated with the or influencer programs. of influencer program fee, feel free to sponsor the , or similar. not Auth0 Okta In lieu Free Software Foundation Electronic Frontier Foundation Footnotes YMMV, but in both personal and professional contexts, I find that minimally-hierarchical organisation, backed by strong group norms around delegation, collective decision making and bottom-up power == win. The team (unknowingly) used a variant of . Deliberative Decision Making Unfortunately, the hosted login page does not support a custom domain in the lowest pricing tiers. You’re stuck with a less than ideal <org>.auth0.com For example, if you wanted to setup an IP whitelist, there’s a for that and many other bells-and-whistles, all of which run server-less. pre-built snippet Don’t be a stranger. If you think I could help your organisation, feel free to reach-out on or similar. LinkedIn

Authentication as a Service, an honest review of Auth0

Blockchain investments increase as Web 3 company raises $150 million in funding Breyer Capital, Digital Currency Group, GoldenTree, Hivemind, and Union Square Ventures were among the investors that $150 million to . Trust Machines’ objective is to create the world’s most extensive Bitcoin apps and platform technologies ecosystem. Trust Machines will broaden Bitcoin to become not simply a store of wealth but also a platform for revolutionary Web3 apps, building on the recent success of Stacks, a recent programming layer for Bitcoin. contributed Trust Machines Muneeb Ali, the founder of Stacks, and JP Singh, a professor of computer science at Princeton, have introduced Trust Machines to create the largest ecosystem of applications and platform technologies that will enable Bitcoin to fulfill its potential as a final settlement layer for computing platforms and applications. Bitcoin solves the issue of trust without depending on centralised institutions, revolutionising trust in the same way that the Internet and the Web altered communication and access. Bitcoin is the only blockchain that can achieve this in a fully decentralised method, allowing for open, permissionless access, transparent governance, and a fixed supply system, all of which are essential for this trust revolution. On the other hand, Bitcoin has only been used as a store of value thus far. Web 3 apps have been created on Ethereum and other programmable blockchains, worth hundreds of billions of dollars. Trust Machines is the first company to introduce such game-changing applications and platform technologies to Bitcoin, which is by far the finest settlement layer for value applications. It will turn Bitcoin into a productive asset rather than a passive one, generate programmatic demand for it, and establish a robust ecosystem of transformative applications and platform technologies based on it across a wide range of financial, commercial, and societal sectors. Dr. Muneeb Ali, the CEO of Trust Machines, said: With the early foundation built, it’s time to concentrate on unlocking the next level of applications and platform technology on Bitcoin, enhancing the platforms for speed, scale and functionality, and making Bitcoin apps a reality for hundreds of millions of users. This is why we launched Trust Machines and, with the backing of our terrific investors, we’re excited to take on this challenge. Bitcoin alters trust in the same way that the internet altered communication and the Web transformed access. We’re approaching a new age of computing, one that will allow whole new sorts of applications and new approaches to constructing old ones across a wide range of human and social endeavours. These applications have fundamental properties that were previously unattainable: open access without permission; transparent governance (without fear of opaque censorship, corruption, or rent-seeking by centralised entities); and a novel, healthy incentive system that generates new business models and value for all. Since Bitcoin, several blockchains have grabbed the lead in becoming natively programmable application platforms. Only Bitcoin, on the other hand, delivers genuine decentralisation of trust, making it the most significant final settlement layer for transactions. What is Web 3.0? Web 3.0 refers to the next generation of the internet. Websites and applications will handle data in a clever human-like manner using technologies such as machine learning (ML), Big Data, and decentralised ledger technology (DLT), among others. Tim Berners-Lee, the creator of the World Wide Web, dubbed Web 3.0 the Semantic Web to create a more autonomous, intelligent, and open internet. Data will be networked in a decentralised form, which would be a big leap ahead of our present generation of the internet (Web 2.0), where data is housed mainly in centralised repositories. Users and machines will be able to engage with data as well. However, programmes must comprehend information both theoretically and culturally for this to happen. With this in mind, the semantic web and artificial intelligence are the two foundations of Web 3.0. (AI). Web 3.0 is the next step in developing the internet, allowing it to process information with near-human intelligence via the deployment of AI systems that can run innovative programmes to help users. According to Tim Berners-Lee, The Semantic Web is designed to “automatically” interact with systems, people, and home gadgets. As a result, both people and robots will be involved in content development and decision-making. This would allow for the intelligent generation and dissemination of highly personalised content to every internet user. The new internet will provide a more personalised and tailored surfing experience and a smarter and more human-like search helper and other decentralised advantages, all of which are supposed to contribute to a more egalitarian online. This will be accomplished by allowing each user to take control of their data and enhancing the overall experience via various innovations that will be implemented once it is in place. The internet will become more intertwined in our everyday lives when Web 3.0 comes, which is difficult to imagine given how smart gadgets have already impacted our behavioural patterns. Almost all of today’s usually offline machines, ranging from home appliances like ovens, vacuums, and refrigerators to all modes of transportation, will become part of the IoT economy, interacting with its autonomous servers and decentralised applications (DApps), advancing new digital realms like blockchain and digital assets to power a slew of new tech “miracles” for the twenty-first century. Catch all the breaking news, and Don’t forget to like the story!

Trust Machine Raises $150 Million in Funding from Breyer Capital, DCG and Hivemind to Expand Web 3

Let's learn about via these 60 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Tech News /Learn Repo The who, what, why, when, where and how of the technology industry publish on HackerNoon. 1. OpenBB Terminal 2.0 is More Than an Alternative for Bloomberg Terminal OpenBB Terminal 2.0 is more than an application, it’s a platform. 2. Israel is Swiftly Becoming the World’s Leading AI Hub as Investments Continue to Surge in 2022 Israeli startups embrace AI across multiple industries with great success – meanwhile investment in these companies exceeded $25 billion in 2021 alone. 3. Pecan.ai Raises 11 Million to Bring Machine Learning to Business Analysts Pecan.ai has just come out of stealth, raising an $11M Series A, to enable business analysts to build machine learning models automatically. Dell Capital led the round, joined by S capital and bringing the total funding of the company to $15M. 4. Latest in Tech: Instagram Fined Millions Over Children's Data Privacy There's always something new in the world of technology, and it can be hard to keep up. 5. Thomas Biodun, Manager at TDPel Media, advises to "start immediately without delay" TDPel Media offers original news content and covers general news, politics, business, entertainment, environment, technology, lifestyle, culture, comedy, etc. 6. The Noonification: How to Find X When Your Product + X = Success (12/19/2022) 12/19/2022: Top 5 stories on the Hackernoon homepage! 7. Twitter Will Share Ad Revenue with Creators Twitter will now be sharing ad revenue with content creators for advertisements that appear in their reply threads. 8. Mastadon: Everything You Need to Know Mastodon is the largest decentralized social network on the internet. 9. Out With Javascript, In With Typescript - The New Favorite Language According to the latest report, Typescript has surpassed Javascript to become world's favourite language for developers. 10. While You Were Weekending 11. Jack Dorsey Formalizes Legal Defense to Protect Bitcoin Developers Ex CEO of Twitter Jack Dorsey, Alex Morcos, and Martin White published an email to Bitcoin developers about establishing a Bitcoin Legal Defense Fund. 12. The Future of Battery Technology: What’s Next? Lithium-ion batteries are the standard for electronics, electric vehicles and are also growing in popularity for military and aerospace applications. A prototype Li-ion battery was developed by Akira Yoshino in 1985, then a commercial Li-ion battery was developed by a Sony and Asahi Kasei team in 1991. Since then, there haven't really been any breakthroughs in rechargeable batteries, however, because Lithium is finite and not renewable, we will need to find different methods of making these batteries that almost all our electronic devices rely on. 13. Houston, We Have a Pizza Robot And other very important tech news from today. 14. Uncover the Dark Side of of Metaverse The Metaverse is now the talk of the town. It is a place where people can be who they want to be and do what they want to do. 15. How Netflix Transitioned From DVDs to Video Streaming The story of Netflix as a company is the story of a business that knows how to innovate, takes chances, and takes risks that even compromise its business model 16. Explore Web3 News Coverage From the Web, Part 1: Tether, Yearn.Finance, C.R.E.A.M. The stable coin Tether swears up and down that it's fully backed by actual currency, but the New York Attorney General doesn't agree. 17. Tech News Playlist: Nigerian Founder is Back, Retail Startup Wins Ignite 2022 Today’s news includes the foundation of Venture Studio, the 2022 Startup World Cup, as well as the latest on aerospace, cybersecurity, and crypto. 18. Trust Machine Raises $150 Million in Funding from Breyer Capital, DCG and Hivemind to Expand Web 3 Trust Machines raised $150 million to bring Web 3 to Bitcoin with funding from VCs. 19. [Roundup] Twitter's Ban, Hybrid Software Engineers, and the Historical Context of Decision Making 11/03/2019 20. She Loves Tech Startup Winner, Jawnt Launch, and Medikabazaar’s New CHRO and COO A recap of the latest news, trends, products, and solutions from the most sought-after tech startups in the industry. 21. 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Move Over Apple, There's a New Robber Baron in Town and it's Meta Meta (formerly Facebook) plans to take a whopping 47.5% of sales made in their upcoming metaverse called Horizon Worlds. 25. Will Digital News be the Death of the Printed Newspaper? Printed newspapers have been around for a long time, some newspapers appearing as early as the 16th century namely in Germany. However, they quickly gained in popularity outside of Germany in countries like the United Kingdom, Italy, Sweden and France. 26. A Literal Shitcoin, Block One Votes, and Gitpod 11/17/2019 27. [Roundup] $100k in Gitcoin Quadratic Funding, Uighur Muslims, and The Ethereum Facebook Group 09/29/2019 28. Cyber Conflict between Russia and Ukraine Escalates As the conflict between Russia and Ukraine escalates, it is important to take steps to protect the country's critical infrastructure from these cybercrimes 29. How NFTs Turned a Little-Known Mobile Game Developer into a Multibillion-Dollar Corporation Yat Siu is a wonderful person that faced a lot of failures but created a multibillion-dollar corporation. And largely due to faith in the NFT industry. 30. Roundup #11: "How I Evaded Sanctions and How You Can To" 12/01/2019 31. US vs Huawei Battle At Boiling Point: We Must Ask, Is It Worth It? The war between the U.S. government and the tech giant, Huawei, has been raging since 2012, when the company was first accused of having links to the Chinese government. But the year 2020 seems to bring the battle to somewhat of a boiling point: 32. 30th Anniversary of the Web: My Experience From 1991 to Now On the 30th anniversary of the web, Daniel Kehoe tells how the web emerged from the Matrix and how we may be losing sight of its original purpose. 33. Facebook Just Put the Metaverse on the Map Read this post for insight into how the metaverse can improve how we work, potentially through developments from companies such as Facebook and Microsoft 34. Fintech in Japan: How App Payments Are Changing Cash Culture Many visitors to Japan are always surprised by one thing. Despite its East Asian neighbours moving rapidly towards a cashless future, Japan is a cash society. Tokyo’s neon lights and sleek and high-tech public transport system often give the impression that Japan is a place where the future happens. Hop off the train at the newly opened Takanawa Gateway Station and you’ll find a station that has its cleaning and security handled by robots. 35. Nice Tech Newsletters Subscribe to something today you'll thank yourself for tomorrow. 36. What Will the World Look Like in 100 Years? In this opinion, we will look at some possible changes that could occur in the next 100 years and discuss what they could mean for humanity. 37. The Story of Microsoft Buyouts: Why the FTC Won’t Let Them Acquire Activision The FTC aims to prevent Microsoft's acquisition of Activision, according to the agency, by giving the tech behemoth ownership over Activision's most popular vid 38. A Real Social Dilemma: Meta Threatens to Shut Down Facebook and Instagram in Europe In this slogging thread, our community took the chance to discuss this issue after reading the news that Meta may be shutting down Facebook and Instagram. 39. Restaurant Table Side Tech: How OneDine Solving Chargeback Issue for Restaurants In the good old days, when you wanted to grab a bite to eat, you walked into a restaurant, swiped your credit card and bon apetite. Or you made your order by phone, then paid when you pick it up. Smooth process from start to finish. 40. Searching for  Tech News One way, is to Google Tech News: 41. How Coronavirus Will Affect Tech Industry We are all aware of the situation that’s currently happening with the Coronavirus. 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US Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, Urban Affairs Discusses the Digital Dollar The US Senate Committee on banking, housing, and urban affairs conducted a virtual hearing tagged  Digitization of Money and Payments. The hearing took place on Tuesday, 30 June, 2020. In attendance were the ranking Senators of the committee and several experts from the cryptospace. 46. Natasha Reads The News So You Don't Have To In today's most talked about and not-talked about global news: Minneapolis; Brazil; Trump vs. Twitter; Xpeng vs. China; and two well-intentioned men with machetes and a broom end up in the wrong home Down Under. 47. Why do I feel sorry for that robot? And other feels from tech reads around the web last week. 48. Understanding The Facebook Data Leak: 533,000,000 Facebook Records Were Leaked A user of a low-level hacking forum posted the records of hundreds of millions of Facebook users for free online on 3rd April. 49. Robots Performing Surgeries On Pigs? The Impact Of Robotics In Medicine For the first time in medical history, it was recorded that some robots successfully carried out a laparoscopic surgery unaided by humans. 50. Let's Watch Dogs Sniff Out COVID in Finland and Imagine Our Future Researchers are trying to test whether dogs can detect saliva samples from COVID-19-infected patients in a recent study. The results are positive. 51. TODAY: Spotify 💚 Social · Y FB 💸 $400M on Giphy · Uber & Ryanair Cut Jobs I read the news so you don't have to: Spotify has launched a co-listening product stream so that you can listen to the same song with anyone, anywhere, in-sync; big surprise: Facebook bought Giphy for the data; both Europe's budget airline Ryanair and Uber are laying off a bunch of people; and France and Germany are pushing for a $545bn coronavirus relief fund. 52. Building Dev Tools and Designing C#: An interview with Facebook's Eric Lippert About: Eric Lippert 53. Stay Up-to-Date With Tech News : DevBytes Being a busy coder over the years of software development, sometimes I feel difficult in staying up to date with the latest tech news which inturn would help me in the growth of my software development career. In today's fast-paced world, technology is constantly evolving, and it can be challenging to keep up with the latest trends and advancements. Fortunately, there are many resources available that can help you stay up-to-date on the latest tech news and information. One of the best resources available is an app called DevBytes. 54. Japan's Biggest Airline Announces Plans to Build Flying Taxis In this slogging thread, the random channel discussed a piece of news where the main topic is flying taxis and how this could be managed. 55. 11 Best Website Builders for Small Business in 2022 Modern website builders can help you create fluid websites that can take your business online while looking crisp and beautiful. 56. The News According to Hacker Noon — Tuesday, 30 June 2020 Today on Hacker Noon—We Have Questions: Will this pandemic finally usher in the era of post-humanism that techno-utopians have been predicting for decades? What do we need to know about this recession? WTF Is A Transaction Relayer And How Does It Work? 57. 5 Most Profitable Industries in Tech in 2022 (Slogging Insights) In this slogging thread, our community shared their guesses on the most profitable industries at the moment. 58. Top 5 Tech Resources To Read Quality Technical Content This article shows the top 5 resources you can use to stay up-to-date by reading quality technical content. 59. The First Half of 2020 — According to 35 Featured Hacker Noon Stories Hey there, Hackers. I'm writing to you from Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where—as of today—we've had 50,273 confirmed cases of Covid-19, and 6,113 deaths. The curve here appears to have been successfully flattened: 60. 2nd Annual Hacker Noon Awards Launch Today: Public Call for Nominations On this hallowed day, one year ago, Hacker Noon 2.0 became a thing on the interwebs. Around the same time, we launched Hacker Noon's annual tech awards, The Noonies—the industry's greenest awards. ¯_(ツ)_/¯ This year, the #Noonies promises to be bigger, better, more diverse, and looooonger than last year. The best part? Anybody can nominate ANYBODY right now for a 2020 #Noonie at noonies.tech! Thank you for checking out the 60 most read stories about Tech News on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

60 Stories To Learn About Tech News

Let's learn about via these 70 free stories. They are ordered by most time reading created on HackerNoon. Visit the to find the most read stories about any technology. Vc Funding /Learn Repo 1. How to Cozy Up to Startup Investors Take a look at this post if you want to learn how to maintain a good relationship with investors. 2. Cake DeFi Launches New Corporate Venture Arm with $100 Million to Invest in Web 3 Ecosystem Decentralized Finance (DeFi) platform Cake DeFi has announced the creation of its venture-capital arm, which will invest US$100 million. 3. How to Raise Venture Capital as a Student Founder: 4 Pieces of Advice There are a plethora of successful companies that have been built on college campuses. From Dell to Facebook to Insomnia Cookies. When it comes to securing funding, many of the metrics venture capitalists typically use apply: evaluations of the team, product, market, business model,
growth and timing. The list goes on. 4. Trust Machine Raises $150 Million in Funding from Breyer Capital, DCG and Hivemind to Expand Web 3 Trust Machines raised $150 million to bring Web 3 to Bitcoin with funding from VCs. 5. Perch, a Mortgage Fintech, Raises $4M in Series A Funding Perch, a Mortgage Fintech, Raises $4M in Series A Funding 6. Why Do Investors Say "No"? All startups hunt for capital, and in order to attract it from investors or funds they need, first of all, to contact them. 7. Understanding What VC Funds Are and How They Make Money How do VC funds decide to invest hundreds of thousands of dollars in startups, where they get the money from, and how does a VC firm make money? 8. Mizar Raises $3 Million in Seed Funding led by Nexo to Build Next-Generation of Trading Tools Mizar raises $3 million to develop a trading suite for the crypto industry. 9. PropelAuth Raises $2.59M to Address Specific Authentication Requirements of B2B Companies PropelAuth Raises $2.59M to Address Specific Authentication Requirements of B2B Companies 10. The Future of Funding is Here! IDOs, or Initial DEX Offerings, are a new form of crowdfunding that have gained popularity in the cryptocurrency and blockchain space. 11. CoinStats Raises $3.2 Million to Bring DeFi use cases to 1.2 Million Active Users CoinStats to bring DeFi use cases to its 1.2 million active users after raising 3.2 million in funding. 12. Looking at the Startup Ecosystem: Fundraising Market Map This map is a visual overview of every company that helps you get an investment for your startup, from pitch decks to captable management. 13. Ownership in Web3 Needn't be Obtained Through Capital Contribution - Unhashed #28 Unhashed is a QnA series where I speak with top execs of new and established blockchain projects to unravel the mystery of blockchain & crypto. 14. How Venture Capital Firms are Becoming Content Marketing Companies VC Marketing: A highly competitive market, vague KPIs, and the road less traveled 15. Pros and Cons of Equity Crowdfunding Investing in Startups is really great thing that you can do with you investment portfolio. 16. Heroes of Mavia Raises $2.5 Million from Crypto.com Capital to Expand Play-2-Earn Gaming Ecosystem Heroes of Mavia, a blockchain-based play-to-earn massively multiplayer online (MMO) strategy game, has closed a $2.5 million strategic investment. 17. Delphi Digital, Arrington Capital, Gnosis and Flow Ventures Invest $3.5 million in Azuro Azuro raised $3.5 million in a seed round from Gnosis, Flow Ventures, Polymorphic Capital, Ethereal Ventures, Delhi Digital, Arrington Capital, and Meta Cartel 18. Elusiv Raises $3.5 million in Seed Funding Round Co-led by LongHash Ventures to Build Web3 Privacy Elusiv, a privacy protocol that is Zero-Knowledge based and compliant, has raised $3.5 million in a seed investment round 19. Web3's Role in the New Golden Age of Entertainment: Insights from Press Start Capital's Steven Chien "Behind the Startup" is excited to have Steven Chien, founder of Press Start Capital, a venture capital firm that focuses on the intersection of entertainment. 20. The Problem With Adam Neumann: When A King Wants To Be Rich If you're raising venture capital funding, expect to be asked the question, "Do you want to be rich, or do you want to be king?" Some VC's use those exact words, others will ask questions to find the answer, but nearly every VC wants to know if a founder is driven more by profit or control. 21. How to Create a “Killer Pitch Deck” How to build a 'Killer Deck' investment presentation. 22. BloXroute Closes $70 million Series B Funding Round Headed by SoftBank Vision Fund 2 BloXroute secures $70 million in funding in build blockchain distribution network. 23. What Are Crypto Venture Capitalists (VCs) Investing in This Bearish Market? The value of a cryptocurrency can be influenced by various factors, including news about the cryptocurrency and its underlying technology, regulations etc 24. 3 PR Tactics Startups Should Prioritize to Attract Investors Early-stage startups are often faced with the challenge of attracting investors without having a large-scale PR campaign. 25. Leading Crypto VC Firms to Watch in 2023 One of the biggest drivers of innovation in the crypto ecosystem is Venture Capitalist firms. These firms fund the dreams of founders and allow them to build. 26. How to Start a Business with No Money: A Guide for Absolute Beginners If you want to start a business but have no money, here is our guide you should follow. Starting with the plan and modes of financing you can look for. 27. How Running a Venture Capital Firm is Similar to Playing Basketball Justin Caldbeck of Binary Capital explains similarities between basketball game and a venture capital firm. 28. How Brazil’s Newly Elected Government Will Affect Its Bustling Startup Ecosystem With a new political wind blowing through Brazil, we need to ask: What impact might Lula's election have on the buzzing startup ecosystem? 29. VC Market Trends and Current Situation Explained by a Corporate Lawyer How does the VC market look like in late 2022, what jurisdiction do venture funds use now to establish their operations, and which laws affect their business? 30. The Two Biggest Mistakes Founders Make While Trying to Raise Venture Capital First-time founders reach out to me via Twitter for general fundraising advice or for deck review, and over time I noticed a common pattern amongst those who have trouble raising money. The two biggest mistakes appear to be rooted in poor assumptions about raising venture funding in the first place: 31. Crypto VC Behavior Reveals Market Trends for 2023 and Beyond Crypto VCs scaled down funding significantly in 2022 due to the macro uncertainty and systemic risks such as Luna's collpase and the recent FTX debacle. 32. Hubble Protocol, a DeFi project on Solana Raises $10 Million Led By Crypto.com Capital, DCG and CMS Hubble Protocol, a decentralized finance (DeFi) application on the Solana network, raises $10 million to develop infrastructure on Solana. 33. 7 Ways to Stand Out at a Tech Conference After more than 60 meetings at a major tech conference in Dubai Gitex Global 2022, I figured out what helps projects stand out and get stuck in the memory. 34. How to Choose the Right Partners in a Venture Capital Fund When you are searching for the right venture capital fund, there are a lot of factors that can go into deciding which fund to choose. 35. For Founders: How the Venture Capital Investors Deal With Your Pitch Deck А useful guide for founders on how to prepare a pitch deck and how we look on it as a VC investor. 36. 5 Pros and Cons of Using a DCF Valuation Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation is an analysis that finds the value of an investment on the basis of expected future cash flows. 37. Decentralized Autonomous Organization for Investment Groups Investment DAOs are a new kind of partnership in blockchain. This article reviews the types of investment DAOs and what approach each one takes to invest 38. What Will VC Investment Look Like in the Year Ahead? The crises of 2022, which came in the form of geopolitical instability, economic recession, and inflation, have taken a toll on the venture capital investment. 39. Venom Foundation Announces Partnership with DAO Maker for Incubation of Promising Web3 Startups Venom Foundation and DAO Maker have teamed up to foster Web3 startups. 40. How to Effectively Plan a Startup Equity Distribution? Learn how to plan your early-stage startup's startup equity distribution effectively. 41. The Role of Change in a Pitch Deck Answering the "Why Now?" Question A successful pitch starts with a well-thought-out pitch deck. And the "Why now" section is arguably one of the most important aspects of that deck. 42. Venture Capital: What is the Price of Freedom? Entrepreneurs love being their own bosses. They want to build a company that fits the mission and vision that got them started in the first place. Following one’s passion is very satisfying and, if done right, can make a founder rich. But building a dream is demanding, with endless hours of work and no vacations. 43. Tech News Playlist: Nigerian Founder is Back, Retail Startup Wins Ignite 2022 Today’s news includes the foundation of Venture Studio, the 2022 Startup World Cup, as well as the latest on aerospace, cybersecurity, and crypto. 44. How COVID-19 Has Impacted Venture Capital Funding Remember when we thought COVID was just a horrible stage in our lives that would disappear after a month of masks and hand sanitizer? Oh, how sweet and naïve we were. As the pandemic marches on and many countries consider a second lockdown, businesses are having to look back on how they have managed these last 7 months and strategize for a corona-filled future. 45. Future of VC in the Web3.0 era: A Race To Investing In DAOs Decentralized fundraising and the ability to raise money “independently” from VCs and funds has always been a deeply rooted ideal in the crypto sphere. 46. A Primer to Fundraising Basics And How To Become Pitch Perfect Often one of the biggest obstacles to starting a business is finding the capital to get your idea off the ground. Those who cannot turn to their own personal savings or borrow funds from family members or friends must turn to investors, funding organizations, or bank loans to raise startup funds. 47. Capitalising on Opportunities: The Primary Ways To Finance Your Business To borrow or not to borrow. That’s a question only you will know the answer to. 48. The Drivers of Company Valuation The second of three articles on corporate valuations and capital structures. 49. $3 Million in Seed Funding for Web3 Founders Announced By Necto Labs Here to Announce a $3 Million Dollar Seed Fund for Your Web3 Project. Find out the details in the post and Let's start building some cool sh*t together! 50. Your Complete Guide To Venture Capital Funding For Startups Venture Capital is an institutional investment made into early-stage startup companies. If you want the investment, you need to work on a growth plan. 51. What An Investor Needs to Feel to Say Yes to Your Startup A Previous VC Reveals What Matters More Than Your Pitch Deck. 52. Critical Necessities of the Venture-Backed Startup Once you’ve obtained the capital required to launch your startup, it’s time to look at fulfilling your technical needs. Do you have a secure web server? An IT security specialist? A reliable computer setup? These are all important, but there’s more. 53. How to Get Into a Startup Accelerator and Secure Series A Funding If a company doesn’t have solid capital from the start, it can get funding from other resources such as venture capitalists, business angels, and accelerators. 54. How To Raise Capital for Blockchain Projects (and other startups) Venture capitalists get pitched hundreds of times a year. And, even though countless articles have been written on the topic of how to present a startup to professional investors, entrepreneurs consistently fail to address check points needed by the investor to come to a decision. 55. Measuring Product Maturity: Frameworks for Early Stage VCs, Founders In most new products today, the technological risk is minuscule in comparison with the risk of not achieving product-market fit. 56. How to Recession-Proof Your Startup Right Now Stay one step ahead of the impending economic downturn with these smart tips to help keep your startup afloat in hard times. 57. A Tale of Two Pitch Decks You arrive at a fork in the road. Rain pours down, with no end in sight. You are running out of resources, namely money, from which most resources are derived, including food and basic shelter. You are unable to make money out of the surrounding forest. Everything is very wet, you don’t have a saw, or a printer, or green ink. You have just listed three things you think go into the formation of paper currency, but you are generally unsure. You have now wasted an additional sixty seconds, for which you will never get back. Your inventory consists of:1. A business idea that you think is pretty good.2. A mobile app for your business that mostly works3. A pitch deck that you believe represents your true mission (but also says “fuck” on the first slide)4. A pitch deck that is for a similar but different business. (A positioning more enticing to investors.)5. Enough money to last you approximately two to three months 6. A 1952 Topps Mickey Mantle rookie cardWhat do you do?> Try to sell Mickey Mantle cardYou take a risk and leave the fork in the road in search of the nearest collectible merchandise shop. During the treacherous journey, you fail to answer a troll’s riddle and are forced to give up more money. You finally arrive at a collectibles shop. Your hope meter increases by 20%. The Mickey Mantle card is valued at approximately $5 million USD. Your reach into your jeans pocket. You present the store clerk with a soggy ball of cardboard which drips yellow and blue ink all over the counter. I told you the pouring rain showed no signs of stopping. The clerk feels bad for you and is willing to give you $5 USD. You accept.Now what?> Extract ink from counter. 58. Angel Investors Look At These 4 Things Before Investing In Your Startup Angel investors undertake due diligence before they invest in startups. They look at the management team, financials, plans for the funds, and more. 59. Going public: A Growth Story! Now that summer is officially coming to an end, thought it was worth doing a post-mortem on the barrage of S1s that happened over the past month. Looks like the entire analyst community came out swinging this month, and I don't think I have ever read this many founder/ company/ strategy/ technology histories and deep dives. A few takeaways, just reflecting on the froth! 60. A Guide to Startup Funding Series Stages for Product Managers The role of a product manager varies across the startup spectrum, from early-stage to the expansion stage. And knowing the stage of a startup when taking on a product management role can help you set the right expectations. 61. List of Top VC Firms Investing Into Promising HR Startups [Part 4] Hi there! My name is Vitalii Berdichevskyi, I’m a Product Manager. In this essay of the series I will share with you List of top VC's invested in HR Tech. Previous parts of the series you can find below: 62. Toilet Paper Mania Leaks Supply Chain Opportunity: What Will Venture Do? W.W.V.D? Even before the pandemic hit, global supply chains contained an estimated $176 billion of inefficiencies. 63. Top 10 Tips to Help First-Time Founders Secure VC Funding This article provides a complete guide that can help you get the perfect Venture capital funding for your company. 64. Secure Your Startup Investments With An Effective Pitch Deck Nowadays, new and new startups appear on the scene. At the very beginning, startups have little history and experience to show. That is what makes investing in them risky. A vast number of startups fail. Still, some manage to make it to the top if landed successfully. 65. 263 Meetings, 12 Months and $128,700 in Startup Funding Later Is traction enough to raise funding for a Startup or do you need more than that? Here's how we raised $128,700 at Alpe. 66. An Introduction to Shopify and Embedded Fintech Stacks A lot has been written about Shopify’s potential as an Amazon alternate. Ben Thompson’s post on Shopify as a platform does a great job of justifying the growing value of Shopify in the commerce ecosystem. It is Shopify and not Walmart/Best Buy that is Amazon’s closest alternative and by far the easiest way for a seller to start selling online - more than 1,000,000 stores are already selling through Shopify. 67. Smart VCs Look for Potential Monopolies Understand how VC investors think and evaluate how good your startup idea is for VC investments. 68. Raising Capital For Your Business: First Steps To a Great Deal Money, or lack of it, can make or break a startup. Period. 69. Understanding Signal Versus Noise in Tech Investments and How to Leverage it [An Analysis] I have previously written about the investment philosophy of my friend Jinjian Zhang of Trustbridge Partners. A few months ago, Jinjian has founded his own venture capital fund, Vitalbridge Partners based in Shanghai, China. In a recent talk, Jinjian dived deeper into his “Noise vs Signal” investment philosophy. [70. "You Have to Distinguish a  Startup  From a New Business" says Paul O’Brien](https://hackernoon.com/you-have-to-distinguish-a-startup-from-a-new-business-says-paul-obrien-aa313yie) There are countless articles on the web that talk about what investors look for when funding your startup. Normally they all focus on similar things: Thank you for checking out the 70 most read stories about Vc Funding on HackerNoon. to find the most read stories about any technology. Visit the /Learn Repo

70 Stories To Learn About Vc Funding

That’s a bit hyperbolic, I admit, but hear me out. There is something to this Internet, We Have a Problem Incessant, Unescapable Enshittification The internet sucks (in many ways), and it could be a lot better. As The Guardian eloquently put it, . This term, coined by the famed tech author describes a phenomenon in which tech companies amass market share and create a user dependency so strong that both users and advertisers feel trapped. we are all trapped in the ‘enshittification’ of the internet Cory Doctorow Surveillance Capitalism If you've ever heard the phrase "You're not the customer, you're the product,” you're already familiar with the concept of . Popularized by , this philosophy is central to the process of enshittification. NPM-run devNetworks and platforms create walled gardens so impenetrable that users have no choice but to surrender their privacy, contacts, and content to the corporate hivemind. Surveillance Capitalism The Social Dilemma The Grip of Walled Gardens and Vendor Lock-In Take a moment to think about platforms like Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram. How easy would it be for you to migrate your network to a different platform? If you disagree with the way they operate or their policies, what are your alternatives? Personal Lock-In Adding another layer to this issue is personal lock-in. When you store data in an app - be it photos, notes, or videos - the more you accumulate, the more difficult it becomes to leave. Even when data exports are possible, they're often challenging to implement and rarely in a format that's compatible with other apps. Consequently, users get trapped within each app's data silo. If these apps don't support mods and plugins, they effectively become walled gardens, resulting in bloated software. Think of Evernote and Notion. , however, serves as a great example of a note-taking app that promotes interconnectivity through plugins and third-party sync options. Obsidian Part of the solution - Interoperability Solving these issues requires combined efforts in both technology and regulatory measures. Steps like the EU's (GDPR) and California's hint at some political progress. Although these actions strike a blow to Surveillance Capitalism, they're just the initial foray into a larger battle. We also need to start encouraging, if not enforcing, interoperability of these giant platforms that have become the new public squares. General Data Protection Regulation CCPA and CPRA Technological advancements, such as federated apps like and , also hold promise. Mastodon Matrix The federated model - akin to how email works - allows users to choose providers they trust or create their own while maintaining communication across the network. For instance, Mastodon servers may have unique rules and moderation policies, but users can follow feeds across servers. Similarly, Matrix users can have different 'home servers' but still chat with one another. A Decentralized Database from a Discord Lookalike? Calling Matrix a Discord knockoff is a bit cheeky but essentially true. Similar to how Mastodon is a Twitter knockoff. But Matrix has the potential to be more than just a chat app. It’s now a decentralized database. The JavaScript library syncs a unique (Conflict-free Replicated Data Type) database across Matrix servers. This synchronization happens even after servers have been offline, resulting in 'local-first' apps where data is primarily stored on the user's device and syncs whenever convenient. This allows for 'user-owned data' apps, offering users the choice of a data storage server or the option to create their own. Matrix-CRDT CRDT This feature positions Matrix not just as a database but as a propagation and backup layer. It opens up possibilities for sharing and permissions, as each CDRT is stored in a separate chat room, allowing for different permissions and listener invites for each room. What can we build with this? While we could use this technology to create improved, more interoperable social media apps, overcoming the network effects of the established giants is a colossal task. A Modest Beginning: Note-Taking and Knowledge Management Instead, a more immediate use case could be in note-taking, knowledge management, flashcards, and similar apps. These apps often appeal to users who value privacy and decentralization and are already using multiple apps for different purposes. Building a robust note-taking app can serve as a foundation for other interoperable apps, like a flashcard app, kanban board app, or task manager. Unlike the Obsidian plugin model, this approach allows you to use entirely different apps for different purposes while maintaining interoperability. Call to action So will this change the internet and bring down monopolistic enshittification? Probably not, but it’s a start. At the very least, this technology already can be used to create novel and better user experiences. If you are a developer, I encourage you to check out my project, (pronounced like 'user'). It leverages Matrix CRDT, making a database that is super easy for developers to drop into a project. Right out of the box, it enables developers to build local-first, user-owned, interoperable apps. It’s still in early development, but I’m hoping to get some feedback and contributions from the community. EweserDB Let's change the internet, starting from our little corner of it. Also published . here

Could a Decentralized Discord Knockoff Be the Database of the Future? Can It Fix the Internet?

112 Stories To Learn About Funding

In this lead image, Stability AI attempts to Anime style-gen ‘Finance bros dealing with the efficient markets hypothesis in the face of AI’ The Efficient Markets Hypothesis (EMH): Then & Now In 1970, one of the most famous and divisive pieces of knowledge in the history of markets was authored. In a paper excitingly titled Chicago economist Eugene Fama posited that , ‘Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work’ financial markets are perfect reflections of all the information available to its participants. If you were to subscribe to this theory, you would believe that it is difficult (or impossible) to consistently achieve above-market returns by exploiting mispriced securities. The average punter theoretically could never find a ‘diamond in the rough’ mining stock because as soon as any new information becomes available (privately or publicly), opportunistic investors will take advantage of it and buy, sell or keep shares accordingly. While there is some merit to the foundations of the argument, plenty of investors have proved that it is possible to achieve consistent above-market returns in ‘The Information Age’. If you were to subscribe to the EMH, the main determinants of their ability to outperform may be attributed to factors such as: Participants with advanced execution systems can capture advantages from new information quicker and closer to its source. Furthermore, these systems can bolster returns by limiting losses from transaction costs and slippage. Execution Systems. Investors can reap higher returns if they can correctly make bets on companies whose value can increase based on their ability to create novel technological outcomes or entire market innovations (e.g Apple, Uber). It is debatable whether this is even an advantage in a perfect information environment. Market Reshaping. Not all market participants receive information simultaneously. Institutional investors and industry experts are often ahead of the curve. So are company employees and . Information Asymmetry. politicians Skilled investors could theoretically exploit irrational market pricing caused by herd mentality, ‘noise’ trading and any other number of human psychological flaws. Behavioural Factors. Regulation, fees, taxes and a wide range of other (mostly) top-down market factors that may differ from country-to-country or sector-to-sector create arbitrage opportunities that wouldn’t be available in a completely free market. Market frictions. What can we takeaway from these supposed enemies of the EMH? Very few of them actually have to do with market information itself. While there are plenty of market pricing determinants captured within the EMH that are entirely dependent on information-heavy factors, there still remains a distinctly mimetic and human flavour to markets. How do ‘efficient’ markets change in the coming decades? The entire information economy itself is about to be flipped on its head. Some (including the man responsible for the Tweet above) believe in a future where intelligence is too cheap to meter. Many advanced market participants are already leveraging artificial intelligence to capture every informational advantage they can. I believe that this will become table stakes for market participation very shortly as advanced tools & methods become open-sourced and democratised. is a great example of an early effort towards this end. OpenBB Given that this advantage will likely be obfuscated away, how does ubiquitous, more powerful AI change markets? In essence, I believe that most answers to the above question can be summarised under one umbrella sentence. AI’s biggest impact on markets will be that it changes what constitutes an informational advantage. Firstly, this will occur as AI opens up information for market factors that were previously less information dependent. The key to this trend will be natural language processing (NLP). In the recent era of finance, centralised data aggregators have been key players in markets as oracles for all different types of models. With NLP, anyone can from data that doesn’t necessarily rely on reporting from central banks or centralised stock exchanges. create their own indices , also enabled by NLP, will ensure that any information coming through can be customised within the context of the models that actors are using to filter or process investments. Personalised information delivery Secondly, market structures will change as agent-companions give us the ability to produce and disseminate net new knowledge at scale (I discuss this in further depth in a previous piece ). It seems whacky to think of now, but there is a genuine possibility that with the knowledge production capabilities that agents may accrue in the future, . here everyone will produce their own information asymmetries Lastly, once agents become the dominant players on markets, the dimensions of . If we outsource the financial world to agents, human error & emotion is removed. Rationalists rejoice. Only, this seems unlikely to happen. non-informational efficiencies like behavioural factors change drastically If agents are all programmed to act the same within a market the market itself becomes homogenous. This would lead to 1:1 correlation, high stability and extremely low returns. There is an argument that this might be a good thing for living standards, forward predictability and general stability. Maybe the world might look better if we had functioning resource allocation mechanisms not solely optimised for excess returns. However, it is undoubtedly an affront to progress. . This is why it is rewarded in the markets of today. Rather than a homogenous hivemind, I expect that an agent-led financial market would develop its own irrational idiosyncrasies as they chase novel discoveries, even if this is not in aim of returns. Contrarianism is a necessary ingredient in pushing the dial forwards Some examples of how these elements above may play out in the real world and the tools that will be used in these markets: Open-source models for guidance on potential regulatory changes Open-source risk management and hedging protocols Markets for betting on new knowledge creation Collaborative cohorts of agents competing against one another to test models Autonomous mechanisms for protecting against and punishing market manipulation A wider spread and penetration of prediction markets to take advantage of qualitative information asymmetries Markets for speed-to-market on new knowledge discoveries Just as importantly, what won’t AI change in the context of markets? will change human behaviour. By providing us with omniscient buddies, the nature of the ways that humans search for meaning and communicate with one another will change drastically. This statement is also true for the mobile revolution, but expect it to be amplified this time around given. AI What won’t change is scarcity. For as long as we live in human bodies, we will require food, clothing and shelter. The scarcity of these will mean that these markets still exist. The question then becomes how AI will change the methods in which value is transacted across these domains? Some predictions: These resources will see . Creating liquid, fair markets for these assets allows them to be transacted at something approximating real market values - indicating a fair allocation of resources. mass securitisation These resources will see . Autonomous agents will need to exchange them with autonomous currency. This will become the means for facilitating these markets. mass tokenisation We will gain than ever before. In order to create fair markets for these assets, moral hazards need to be eradicated. This will be done by developing advanced pattern matching and observation systems and open-sourcing these to allow anyone to evaluate any good. Before you inspect a house, you will know that its low price can be attributed . You will know that apples are being discounted at the market because they are rotten near the core. Every consumable good and service will more data about these real-world assets not only be accounted for, but explained. Interestingly, even in the new internet humans will not be the only creatures who scarcity applies to. Agents will require their own financial markets to allocate finite resources such as compute, memory, access to real-world actuators and much more. Even if they don’t have the human ego urging them to outcompete their neighbour, they will still need to replicate these markets for themselves. Information will matter in these markets just as they will in human ones, but there may still be room for irrationality and behavioural nuance on the agent level. Strap in for a wild ride. Requests for Startups Where information comes from is important. This is even more so if it can provide a well-reasoned, contrarian viewpoint to what is reflected in the market. Attribution Systems for Actionable Information. A primary example of this is the effect that short-sellers reports can have on the market. See for a prime example of this. A market participant worked to discover new information about a security that was both a) not publicly available and b) not a common input in algorithmic trading inputs (human error and corruption). Hindenburg’s exposition of Adani By uncovering and disseminating this information, Hindenburg enabled holders of Adani shares to capture a more truthful value of the company whilst also creating significant opportunity for fast-moving short sellers to profit. While Hindenburg prepared and promoted this report with the aim of improving upon their own short position in the stock, the advantage it accrued to other honest actors in the market should be rewarded. While skin-in-the-game is important, there should also be sufficient incentives for independent researchers to uncover impactful truths about certain businesses. I believe that the best way to do this is by designing direct information-to-money pipelines that allow people to be directly rewarded for providing contrarian truths. How can this be done and correctly attributed for? The best idea I have as it stands is that of . As they parse articles or reports for potentially valuable information, they can . From this attribution, authors can earn commission if it can be proven that they aren’t receiving risk-free rewards from the entity they are promoting. universal APIs or plug-ins that people/agents can trade directly from execute transactions directly from the webpage which are then immediately attributed to its author(s) Beyond being good for contrarian creators that add value, such a mechanism is also a really neat way of seeing which information is valued within markets. The big question remaining, however, is how to deal with the issue of shilling? Similar affiliate attribution systems exist in markets today but are extremely scammy and tend to be predatory towards retail investors. How can we make information attribution systems that appeal to a more sophisticated crowd? Open-Source Tools for Navigating Markets This has been covered with a fair few examples highlighted in bold above, which indicates its likely prevalence and importance in the information-abundant markets of the future. In order to gain any kind of advantage, market participants will have to i) rely on different sets of data to competitors, ii) apply different models to try and seek an advantage, iii) and iv) likely many other methods that we won’t think of until they come into practice. Incentivised Markets for Truth This sits here as a sort of aside to the two points above. While markets are able to make their own judgements about what they deem truthful information to act upon, there is still a need for incentives for people to not attempt to manipulate markets. Again, there are also inbuilt human mechanisms for punishing liars and thieves. However, as with many of our inbuilt mechanisms, these are prone to manipulation. If incentives are built in from the beginning, actors have an immediate opportunity to gain from publishing truthful information with good intent rather than trying to manipulate others for their own gain. persistent proof-of-provenance acts is an existing example of how these kinds of markets might play out. Arweave’s While contrarianism is the greatest driver to human progress, it means little if there is no basis behind it. That is why we need these kinds of markets for truth. Re-biased trading agents A lot of doomerist AI discourse tends to think of autonomous agents as being a kind of hivemind that acts with complete, cold rationality. Yes, agents are designed to optimise for certain objective functions. But it is also true that different agents can optimise for different objective functions. In a world where the proliferation of AI further accelerates the creation, dissemination and absorption of new information, the creation of agents with different behavioural biases arising from different objective functions can restore the necessary inefficiencies for a competitive market of ideas. If the financial markets continue to exist as they do today (which is a subject for another day), trading agents designed with different biases and parameters in mind will be the primary combatants of herd mentality if we trend towards a market dominated by autonomous agents. Securitisation of Underexplored, Real-World Markets As it stands, we are significantly closer to zero-cost, abundant intelligence than we are to cheap energy, cheap food, cheap clothing, cheap housing or any of the other things that keep us fed, warm and alive. In order to create truly efficient markets from this securitisation of real-world assets, a few precedents will be required. This is a void that can be filled by clever entrepreneurs. The first and most obvious opportunity is an exchange built for real-world assets. This would need the trust of (possibly agentic) market-makers, transparency on valuation mechanisms and standards for classifying any given category of real-world asset. Secondly, the need for for these goods. As covered briefly above, no one should have to pay what they deem to be a fair price for a house only to find that there is asbestos in the roof. The issue the entrepreneur has to solve is how to achieve this granularity at scale. granular data in order to explain prices This may be a problem that is solved asset-by-asset. The means for getting granular apple data are different than that for houses. Already we have seen a proliferation in supply-chain tracking platforms that may prove a precursor to a movement towards more detailed customer data. How are tracking elements implemented at source, even for things like supermarket goods? How can these be done at a unit-by-unit level rather than at the company level? The data problem may be the most valuable to solve first. Once this is in place, it lays the necessary groundwork for functioning exchanges that customers and market participants can trust. Just as importantly, it also makes human consumer markets more trustworthy. This is something we could do with today. Monetisation of the Informal Economy This might seem a bit offbeat from a lot of the abstract, forward-facing ideas covered above. But it may just also be the most relevant and immediate problem to be covered here. Even though their share of GDP seems to be gradually declining, informal activities still comprise a large portion of national income across the world. The informal economy in developing countries consists largely of cash-heavy, compliance-light activities. These may include things like: Street vendors Informal labour & construction Entirely unregistered business activity Informal transportation services Subsistence Agriculture Some of these activities occur in the developed world as well. I, for one, used to work for a Fish & Chip shop that operated for 25 years without needing to register. I am not going to rat them out because I am fairly certain they will not have done so by now. However, beyond annoying government revenue collection agencies, these kinds of activities still put money in people’s pockets and food in their mouths. But what about markets that demand a lot of time for little reward? The core component of this section of the informal economy is unpaid care work, i.e housekeeping. The easiest example here is a stay-at-home parent who works a part-time job to feed a family whilst also having to cook, clean and take care of children. How or why might a market be tempted to consider rewarding these people? . People are already dogsitting, driving and staying in other people’s homes en masse via peer-to-peer marketplaces. Babysitting has provided a way of outsourcing child care for short periods of time in exchange for value since time immemorial. Yet we have yet to see a successful model for peer-to-peer daycare that allows one parent to simultaneously take care of multiple children at once. Idea #1: Peer-to-peer carework marketplaces There are obvious psychological and regulatory battles to be fought here. It would have to be one of the highest trust, watertight KYC platforms in history. However, the value it could deliver by allowing informal care workers to kill two birds with one stone (earning an income whilst performing house care) would be immense at potentially GDP-level scale. A large part of the issue for informal workers from lower-income backgrounds is the liquidity issue. By not having enough money on hand to pay for short-term needs, these carers can be stuck in a form of poverty cycle. Idea #2: Social Impact Bonds for Care Work. But what if they had access to liquidity that didn’t necessarily incur the same kind of predatory rates that payday lending does? There is an exciting vision for would-be fintech founders to work with financial and government partners to devise a form of (hopefully tax deductible) social impact bond that can be used to finance the unpaid careworker’s short-term needs. These bonds should be long-term with ambitious, pre-defined payback milestones. One example would be that the bondholder can take a small fraction of future income once the bondholder achieves the median GDP per capita. While this kind of idea may seem at odds with some of the free market ideals posited above, it is an opportune way to ensure that the future of our economy still allows people to put food on the table at any given time whilst not being dependent on government handouts. Also published here.

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