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* * Achievement unlocked: With more than ‘4 billion’ in total votes -- almost half the population of earth voted for startups! JUST KIDDING! Some companies had a to accumulating their votes. unique approach In 2021, decided to host to highlight the backbone of the future - tech startups! for the first time in forever (make sure you sing it in Anna’s voice), HackerNoon.com Startups of The Year More than 44,000 startups were nominated all across the globe, spanning over 4,553 cities. That’s.Just.Spiffy! To see who is a winner in each respective city, visit and pick a city. The name at the top of the list is the winner. (Compromised awards are under review.) startups.hackernoon.com The will announce the winners per region in their respective cities. Startups Winners Announcement Series We’d like to take a moment here and thank every single person who cast a vote and every single company, both nominated and not nominated yet this year. Furthermore, we thank you for existing and opening more opportunities for the wonders of the future to come. Even if you don’t win anything today, you’ve won something much more valuable - our hearts <3 Okay, sorry for the long introduction. Below are all the Startups Winners: Startups of the Year (SOTY) in Africa Johannesburg, South Africa With more than 900 votes cast, #SOTY calls.... MiBRAND Thank you for connecting businesses and consumers, great job! Lagos, Nigeria With 836 votes in the bag, let’s give it up for... Goodtalent Thanks for helping tech companies build great engineering teams. Cape Town, South Africa Want to learn more about finance and use that knowledge to make better financial decisions? Look no further. Introducing winner of Startups of The Year, Cape Town: Revix With 527 votes cast, it seems like a lot of people have more money in their pockets thanks to . Revix Mahé, Seychelles With around 515 votes cast, #SOTY summons... DAOLaunch Thank you for bridging the gap between investors and startups. Lusaka And the winner for #SOTY in Lusaka is... ComGrow Thanks to them, people here are getting closer to the reality of the digitization of village banking. Nairobi, Kenya With 252 votes cast, UTU came out top as the Startup of The Year. Thanks for building the trust infrastructure of the internet to help businesses and consumers engage and transact in a more reliable way. Yaoundé Accounting for more than 73% of total votes, CamPay won this award fair and square. Thank you for making sending and receiving payments easier between online merchants. Abuja, Nigeria A proud winner in the prestigious capital of Nigeria, Elesaro deserves all the plaudits it gets. is a suite crowdfunding protocol built on BSC, Reward, Equity, Lending & NFT Marketplace. Congratulations! Elesaro Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania Jamii Africa is the name that will always be engraved on the #SOTY trophy. As a mobile micro-health insurance, Jamii Africa has done a great job for the health sector in Tanzania. Kigali, Rwanda Another #SOTY medal in the bag for none other than …wait for it… BAG Innovation BAG Innovation applies Gamification to offer real-time access to experience-based learning for University students in East Africa. Everybody loves playing games, but using games to learn in school is on another level. Gauteng, South Africa And the award goes to... Planet42 Thanks for democratising mobility by enabling people ignored by banks to get access to a personal vehicle through a car subscription service. Once again, congratulations! Port Harcourt, Nigeria Cryptocurrency is the present and the future, as we’ve all come to know. FLITBASE makes these digital assets more accessible to everyone. #SOTY is proud to add you to our Hall of Fame. Cairo, Egypt With 18 votes won out of the 91 cast, it seems there was fierce competition. Congratulations to... SubsBase for winning Startups of The Year. SubsBase allows businesses to manage their subscribers, automate recurring billings, set pricing plans, and monitor subscription KPIs. Tunis, Tunisia Come one, come all! Witness the greatness of yet another wonderful startup in the #SOTY. Thank you... VYND for providing a fully integrated digital platform to help venue owners better serve their customers and grow their businesses. Stellenbosch, South Africa BankTech connects clients to a payment network where it provides a convenient interface to meet various payments needs. You’ve won #SOTY proudly! Pretoria #SOTY acknowledges... Grays Pharmaceuticals Thank you for all you do. Lekki, Nigeria Middletrust provides reliable escrow services in Africa. Congratulations on winning a #SOTY medal. Addis Ababa Thank you... Hello Solar for consistently accelerating sustainable energy solutions, especially for remote communities. With half of the votes cast, you beat the odds. Accra, Ghana UT Bank Ghana provides various commercial banking services to individuals and companies in Ghana. We cannot emphasize enough the importance of financial services to humankind. #SOTY is proud of all you do. Gîza, Egypt Big congratulations to... HOVO for winning this award. Your on-demand mobile app for ordering trucks is truly appreciated! Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo Congratulations for coming out on top of #SOTY, SillonBlue Technologies As an ICT Consulting and SaaS company, SillonBlue Technologies focuses on software and mobile app development, and data collection. Yaba, Nigeria With more than half of the votes cast, this nominee conquered undisputedly. Let’s give it up for... Kuda a no-fee full-service digital bank making banking affordable for all Africans on the planet. Morocco City Almes provides infrastructure and logistics services. Congratulations on earning a #SOTY medal. Dakar ShopMeAway provides families and businesses with new ways to shop around the world with reduced shipping costs. You deserve the plaudits you’ve received! Casablanca Sheaply provides crowd shipping and crowd shopping solutions. This reduces cost and improves efficiency on shipping and shopping. Congratulations on winning a #SOTY medal. Nguru, Nigeria Accounting for 88% of the votes, TradeBuza wins #SOTY almost flawlessly. TradeBuza is a tech-enabled commodities sourcing platform for commodities aggregators and out-grower schemes. Ikeja, Nigeria PropertyPro Nigeria is now pronounced Startup of the Year in Ikeja. Let’s admit, who doesn’t appreciate a platform built to search for real estate properties? Ibadan, Nigeria No Bank, No Problem! (That’s probably not their motto, by the way) Shield Finders is a fintech and financial service provider to the unbanked. Congratulation on winning most of the votes! 6 October City, Egypt Wuilt is a website builder where you can create your own Arabic website in under 5 minutes. Thank you for making this technology accessible to people. One #SOTY medal for you! Algiers The only nominee who outvoted all others, please give it up for... Yassir Thank you for providing convenient transport services using your app. Enugu In an area that usually suffers from inconsistent electricity, Greenage comes to the rescue with their green cape and spandex suit. Greenage Technologies is a Nigerian startup solving electricity problems in Nigeria using solar energy technology. Congrats, Greenage. Abeokuta, Nigeria A government organization creating opportunities for entrepreneurs and the unemployed - no one deserves the title Startup of The Year better than Ogun Innovate Congratulations! Ariana And the award goes to... E-Stores Factory a web platform that helps rent and manage e-shops for enterprises seeking to sell online. Thank you for making the (not a typo) more friendly! e-cosystem Benin City Health really is wealth. MOBicure provides mobile technology solutions for Africa's biggest health problems. Thank you for all you do. From #SOTY with love <3 Centurion GameZBoost offers white label gaming platforms, including online desktop solutions, fully responsive mobile and social platforms. Thank you for making the world a more fun place! Gaborone Augmenta Cyber Security provides services in cyber security, safe data storage, SCADA security, SAP Security, etc. Congratulations on winning 10/10 of the votes. You rock! Garki There can never be enough medical platforms in the world. Congratulations to... Wella Health an operator of a healthcare technology company intended to provide treatments and medicines for malaria. Thank you for all you do! Lilongwe Yellow is a digital platform enabling informal merchants in Africa. #SOTY welcomes you to its hall of fame. Make yourself at home ;) Luanda Access to finance is important for any company or sector to succeed. And no other company deserves the title Startup of The Year more than Deya the first Angolan and PALOP crowdfunding platform that aims to increase access to financing for social impact causes and entrepreneurs. . 10/10 will recommend Mombasa Life can be hard, and so a little humor helps ease these hardships. Congratulations to this political satire puppet show, The XYZ Show for winning #SOTY. Thanks for putting smiles on our faces. Port Louis Town Bet you’ve never heard of a Smartcup. Thanks to Intellicup that exists now, and therefore earns this startup a #SOTY badge.  Intellicup is a unique high-speed beverage dispensing solution with integrated smart technology. While this cup won’t be able to wake you up in the morning, you have to agree that it’s still pretty impressive. Rabat Atlan Space is a startup building AI to autonomously pilot any fixed-wing drone, to monitor and take measures over very large areas. You deserve the #SOTY medal. Réunion Imagine having the power to do ultrasound scans on your handheld device. OSCULT by Oscadi is a handheld ultrasound imaging device interfaced with the Apple iPad. Congratulations on making it into the #SOTY! Somerset West Winning the award fair and square is Sticitt a cashless payment platform that is also aimed at teaching learners at school the basics of finance. The future of the world would be in good hands when our children know how to adequately manage finances. Thank you for saving the world in advance. Thika Flowers make the world a beautiful place to live in. Wilmar Flowers exports summer flowers grown by small and medium-sized farmers from Kenya. Kudos for making the world beautiful, #SOTY is honored to have you in our Hall of Fame. Kampala, Uganda Yo-Waste Limited is an African startup that provides waste, recycling and “smart city” solutions to businesses and governments. Your #SOTY gold medal shines as much as you do <3 Harare, Zimbabwe The world is becoming more and more digital every day. Thanks to companies like Golix that provide services of digital currencies for people in Africa, the digitization of the world is becoming more robust. Freetown Easy Solar is a distribution company making energy, durable goods and financial services affordable and accessible through pay-as-you-go tech. Thumbs up! Kicukiro FOODLINE specializes in non-genetically-modified grocery farming and production lines. Winner Winner Chicken Dinner! #SOTY Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo Startups Nuru is a renewable and environmental company that specializes in the fields of storage micro-grids and solar energy. After racking up all the votes, #SOTY honors you. Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire Digitech provides a fully integrated and cloud-based InsurTech platform to incumbent insurance companies. You are awesome! Durban Security can never really be enough. We’d like to honor Blue Security the title Startup of The Year, for specializing in the installation and monitoring of intruder detection systems, and in providing armed response services. Ikoyi And the Startup of The year goes to... Winich Farms an Agritech Startup leveraging tech to connect rural farmers to Finance & Market, thus, increasing productivity and cutting post-harvest loss. You rock! Lomé The last recipient of #SOTY in Africa calls for... Gozem a transport technology platform for Francophone West and Central Africa. Thank you for providing a platform for transportation. We are honored to have you! *Winners missing from this list will be added accordingly. More Information If you’re a winner, please answer ! If you’re a reader, participant, just a curious individual, consider answering one of our interviews . this interview here Read the FAQs about or . Startups here here To see all of the winners you may visit , pick any city and view the name that appears at the top. this site If you’re interested in partnering with us, we invite you to look through some of these or reach out to our business department. unique sponsorship options Perhaps creating your very own tickles your fancy or maybe you have a whole new idea for how we can partner! writing contest Thank you to all of our sponsors! We truly appreciate your contribution to the tech world and thus the future! The Startups Awards are sponsored by: , , , , , , , , , , Blockster Brex FreeCodeCamp LaunchDarkly Coil Udacity Udemy Vercel Asia Pacific Transgender Network Bybit Everscale Network This post was written and edited by Kien Dao and Joshua Omale. If you have any questions or concerns or would like to report a discrepancy please email ellen@hackernoon.com.

What are the Top Startups in Africa?

CRASHING THE SYSTEM

The first quarter of 2022 saw a massive 2,000 percent explosion in blockchain-based game activity when compared with Q1 of 2021, according to a . This unprecedented growth, which ‘came out of nowhere’, is largely due to the pandemic-driven rise in popularity of . Dapp Radar x BGA report play-to-earn (P2E) NFT games No place evidently embraced the P2E craze to the extent seen in the Philippines. Since the COVID-19 pandemic and into the economic stagnation that’s only creeping up on us now, Filipinos turned to popular P2E games like “Axie Infinity” to make ends meet. In fact, the P2E phenomenon became so widespread that “ ” sprung up, where groups of gamers and investors train together to share gaming profits. As of March, 520 P2E gaming guilds operated in the Pacific-island nation. gaming guilds Eventually, the P2E model that enabled some users to earn profits for playing passed as it was intensively extractive to the games’ economy. When the supply of Axie Infinity’s utility token surpassed its demand, prices freefell. Other P2E blockchain games, such as “Pegaxys,” experienced similar problems. The Future of Web3 gaming Blockchain gaming’s explosion can be attributed to last year’s crypto bull market and NFT craze, built on overhyping and token launches. As the market cooled off in early 2022, before transitioning into a crypto winter, the P2E buzz faded away. Yet, investments in the blockchain gaming sector remained on an upswing. A whopping $4 billion poured into the industry in 2021, jumping to in the first half of 2022 alone. To this point, leading tech VC firm Andreeson Horowitz launched a called the Games Fund One, dedicated exclusively to investment opportunities within the blockchain gaming vertical. $6 billion $600 million fund With fresh influxes of cash and a seemingly endless list of blockchain-based games and gaming platforms flooding the scene, it became clear that many of these games lack a creative concept, let alone an enjoyable user experience. Traditional gamers hold negative attitudes toward common Web3 tenants in blockchain gaming, specifically crypto and NFT elements- a , which polled nearly 7,000 gamers, found. Additionally, non-crypto gamers tend to see barriers in the forms of wallets and the perception that crypto is bad for the environment. study published by Coda Labs With the P2E model in the rearview mirror, but blockchain gaming’s growing investments, the question begging to be asked is: How long can blockchain gaming stay relevant with a general lack of attention to gameplay and UX? Overemphasizing Crypto Blockchain gaming’s quality and problems are well documented, resulting from an emphasis on monetization via token launches and prices, NFTs, and P2E economics. This almost always came at the expense of important features that would attract gamers, not crypto-native enthusiasts looking to earn a token. experience It almost felt like developers were rushing to create games as quickly as possible so they could pump their token and onboard new users—or wallets, as user counts are referred to in the blockchain gaming world. Unsurprisingly this led to a lot of games with boring narratives, poor engines, ineffective NFT integrations, and other features or—lack thereof—that caused actual gamers to say “no thank you.” Additionally, games are being designed with unsustainable economies, aka ponzinomics, that rely heavily on new players joining and expecting to make a profit. Like with any Ponzi scheme, this model is unsustainable and harms the entire industry. That means even users who were there to primarily make money, rather than for the gameplay, were likely to lose a lot of money. This isn’t quite a winning formula for long-term success. It’s important to mention that there are blockchain games out there that are fun to play and leverage NFTs in a way that both crypto enthusiasts and traditional gamers can get on board with. But they are the exception rather than the rule. The aforementioned Coda study noted a disconnect between Web3 and traditional gamers, which, of course, isn’t surprising. This is perhaps because, according to the report, the main reason people play blockchain games is for the crypto and NFTs. Considering that gamemakers are catering to the crypto crowd, this also shouldn’t be a big shock. Gaming projects and studios have every right to build games that resonate with their audience. But investing as much in the quality of the game as in the game’s economy and crypto side isn’t going to turn away the crypto gamers. It may, however, attract mainstream gamers to crypto, which ultimately is a fundamental mission of Web3. A New Approach But does better gameplay mean blockchain gaming startups should be working to build the next “Call of Duty,” “Grand Theft Auto,” “Fortnite,” or “Pokemon?” Not necessarily, actually. Franchises like those have massive budgets that startups simply don’t, and beyond that, part of blockchain gaming’s appeal is supposed to be that it’s new and taking a different approach to gaming. Instead, they should focus on building a game that would resonate with a specific niche community of gamers. Several indie crypto games, such as “The Six Dragons” have embodied this concept with relative success. Correcting the problematic trends in Web3 gaming requires a new approach. Prioritizing mainstream appeal rather than the crypto elements means putting the UX at the center of the game development process. By default, this means strategically putting the token aspects of the game on the side, at least at the start. To this point, blockchain-gaming projects shouldn’t even think about their token launch before they are satisfied with their game—storyline, graphics, UX, and overall gameplay. Improving things like the visuals and narratives will undoubtedly attract more of the world’s , laying the foundation for a product that will in turn produce a community capable of supporting an in-game economy and the eventual token launch. estimated 3.1 billion gamers While there’s no need to build the next Call of Duty, blockchain-gaming projects would massively benefit from the expertise and experience of veteran developers from the traditional gaming industry to help build the next generation of Web3 games—or at the very least, to advise in the process. Their expertise can be invaluable to small startups working on developing blockchain games. Recruiting outside developers to help generate crossover appeal can also help with the business side because their expertise may also cover how to maximize the in-game economy. Leveraging outside support from traditional gaming experts will not only contribute to an all-around better game, but it will also show traditional gamers that blockchain and Web3 can also successfully impact the gaming world. The problem is not how to integrate blockchain into the gaming sphere, but how to actually build a game that can effectively leverage Web3 technologies, including NFTs. Integrating NFTs into games smoothly is not so simple. Instead of enhancing the gaming experience, they too often disrupt the game, unless, of course, NFTs are the player’s motivation to play in the first place. NFTs have already been heavily integrated into new mobile games and have even been leveraged by traditional gaming studios, including ” last year, which was met with anything but a warm reception. Despite the cold reception, major mainstream developers are still gung ho about using NFTs in new games. In fact, PubG creator Brendan Greene is currently working on a , “Artemis,” which will feature NFTs. In traditional gaming, NFTs are already here, and they will continue to be used in blockchain games going forward. Ubisoft’s “Ghost Recon Breakpoint new metaverse game To smoothly integrate NFTs into a specific game, developers need to consider what type of people play the game and what their motivations for playing are. By considering these factors, developers can find clues on how to use NFTs to entice crypto gamers while not turning off traditional gamers. Of course, ultimately, NFTs will never be the selling point for traditional gamers—quality and UX reign supreme with this demographic. Sidelining token launches temporarily to focus on the game itself, hiring veteran developers from the traditional gaming industry, and strategically and tactically integrating NFTs in the right way will help blockchain gaming stay relevant and live up to investors’ expectations. It’s not blockchain gaming’s responsibility to help convert users into crypto enthusiasts. But focusing more on the experience and less on the tokens will benefit the overall crypto ecosystem. By Adrian Krion, CEO and maker of the user-friendly gaming wallet . Spielworks Wombat Lead image generated with stable diffusion.

A Roadmap for Web3 Gaming Projects That Actually Care About Game Play

I discuss the pros and cons of the Metaverse. It can erase boundaries, reduce poverty, and lead to an anti-utopia with completely virtual life. Let’s dive deep right now! What is the Metaverse? 70 years ago, computers were the province of engineers, but now - technology has become much easier and more accessible. Continuing this logic, engineers and sci-fi experts developed the concept of a Metaverse. 60% of the world's population uses the Internet The Metaverse should become the next stage in the development of computer technologies - they will become as simple and convenient for people as possible. The main feature of the Metaverse is the erasure of boundaries. Internet websites, social networks, messengers, games, and apps will merge into one big virtual world. And this virtual world will become an extension of the real one. "the embodied Internet, where instead of looking at the Internet, you are in it.” Mark Zuckerberg described it as "the embodied Internet, where instead of looking at the Internet, you are in it.” It's a kind of extra dimension - the Metaverse is always there; you just have to wear special glasses. , one becomes a three-dimensional avatar, and in the form of a hologram, one can even walk back into the real world. Judging by the concept It may seem that the Metaverse will be limited to a three-dimensional for VR helmets and will remain another attempt to "hype" virtual reality technologies. That's not quite right - the Metaverse concept is much broader than the "3D Internet with holograms," and there are several arguments for why it should be that way. Facebook Why do we need a Metaverse with 3D and virtual reality? The development of computer technology has led people into the information age - production has shifted from manipulating atoms to manipulating numbers and bits of information. But the digital world still exists as if in a separate reality behind a glass screen that one cannot touch. This makes it difficult to interact with information technology. to stare at a screen for hours at a time and manipulate virtual objects that behave very differently from real objects. Humans are not evolutionarily adapted This state of affairs reduces engagement. Despite the efforts of designers and programmers, people still find it difficult to use computer programs and online services. Even in developed countries, about a cannot fully cope with searching for information on the Internet, editing photos, and working with databases and spreadsheets. Most students do not understand the concept of files and folders. quarter of students Using computers is not only difficult but also harmful to health - you can get a whole , from and bad posture to obesity and . Gadgets slow down the - having received a smartphone, they spend less time interacting with real objects and , which causes the neural connections in their brains to grow slower than they need to. bunch of diseases carpal tunnel syndrome depression development of two- to three-year-old children live communicating with people The Metaverse will bring users back to a normal evolutionary pattern of interaction. People will stop sitting in front of screens and start manipulating three-dimensional objects, talking and physically contacting each other in a three-dimensional environment - as their bodies have been used to doing for hundreds of thousands of years of their biological history: Children will be able to fully play with each other, communicate and develop their motor skills in the virtual world. Schoolchildren and students will get a more comprehensible learning process with full immersion in the material. Even more, "analog" professions will go digital - tailors, doctors, trainers, and even firemen and policemen will be able to work remotely, increasing labor safety and the chances of remote residents finding decent jobs. Digital professions will become easier; for example, the source code of a program will be possible to turn into a volumetric mechanism with precise, logical links that the programmer will not have to keep in his head anymore. People with limited mobility will be able to visit concerts, exhibitions, museums, clubs, schools, and universities, not in such a little format as now, but by immersing their whole bodies in these virtual locations. Metaverse can solve many problems faced by humanity. What's stopping us from immersing ourselves in the Metaverse right now? Humans can see, hear, feel, smell, taste, and feel their position in space. The Metaverse can now only partially cover the first three senses - sight, hearing, and touch. This requires using virtual (VR) and augmented (AR) reality helmets, glasses, tactile gloves, and suits. They don't work perfectly. VR headset users - nausea, dizziness, and pain. The between the visible image and the actual position and movement of the body can cause stress to the body. This has been shown in since the middle of the last century. complain of seasickness slightest discrepancy pilot training on flight simulators About who uses a VR headset ends up with eye and muscle twitching, cramps, and fainting - even if they don't have epilepsy or other neurological diseases. one person out of every four thousand The headset itself is not very comfortable. VR glasses weighing 400-800 grams strain the neck, put pressure on the ears and face around the eyes, and sometimes fog up from the inside. that few people want to spend hours in such conditions. The best option at first might be augmented reality glasses, which do not take a person into a completely virtual world but draw virtual objects on top of the real world. It is desirable that such glasses do not differ from ordinary glasses. Mark Zuckerberg admits Three-dimensional interfaces and "realistic" virtual or augmented reality objects look impressive but may be unsuitable for work. When people work at a computer or laptop, their hands are on the table. A VR or AR user would have to actively move his hands in the air, keeping them weighted down. It is unlikely that many people will be able to do this for hours on end during the work day or find it comfortable. In the early stages, the tangibility problem of virtual objects will likely have to be solved. Suppose the Metaverse claims to be a . In that case, it has to provide feedback - at the very least, to create a sense of surface texture and hardness. The brain doesn't like to have its expectations deceived, and instead of a dense object, the hand or foot falls into a void. In addition, a tangible digital world would be a real . more natural embodiment of digital technology salvation for visually impaired people Without the full tangibility of virtual objects, the Metaverse cannot be a . Holographic avatars could also use "hardness" for normal handshakes and hugs. comfortable playground for athletic games and competitions Tactile gloves and whole suits can be bought now, but they only solve the problem by half. Besides, the price of gloves starts from 1500-2000 dollars, so we can only hope for lower prices in the future. And on reducing the weight, too - it won't be easy to swing your hands in heavy tactile gloves. Finally, there are questions of physical safety. In a VR helmet, a person cannot see real objects around them, so even a few steps forward can lead to injury or death. That leaves running VR platforms costing hundreds of thousands of dollars or sitting still - but you might as well be sitting at a computer. A compromise solution is to to notify you of approaching an object or person. add a system to the headset Less obvious and more remote Metaverse immersion problems Metaverse problems: For maximum realism, virtual reality will need to be adjusted to the capabilities of the senses. The is approximately 576 megapixels, and at 60-90 frames per second - but the micro-movements of the eye allow people to notice as well. Video cards capable of producing a picture with 24k resolution and a frame rate of more than 500 FPS for each eye are unlikely to appear in the foreseeable future. eye's resolution flicker is generally no longer felt flicker at 500 hertz This means that the creators of Metaverse will have to make compromises for a long time to come. For example, has shown that a resolution of 1080 pixels per eye and 60-95 frames per second is enough for the "presence effect.” This is within the capabilities of modern graphics cards. But the slightest delays and jerks in the picture destroy this effect and irritate the user, so there should be no FPS slippage at all. Valve's research It is still unclear how the brain and psyche will react to a long systematic stay in virtual reality or the use of augmented reality. show that children are more "trusting" of VR than adults - this can instill in them incorrect patterns of interaction with the environment. Studies Despite Metaverse problems, it can greatly change people’s lives. How the Metaverse will improve users' lives The world of digital technology is highly fragmented. Websites, services, and games, not to mention local applications, exist in their isolated worlds. There are several major social networks, dozens of messengers, hundreds of thousands of games, and millions of websites - and almost every one of them is trying to be a different ecosystem. The sometimes falls into separate virtual worlds when run on different hardware platforms, making unable to play with each other. same online game Xbox and PlayStation users Why fragmentation is inconvenient and harmful You must have dozens or even hundreds of accounts to cover all relatives, friends, colleagues, and all sources of information and entertainment. These are corporate and personal messengers, e-mail services, social networks, Internet banks, game services, and websites. For example, I have already accumulated 259 actual entries in the password manager, 15-20 of which are actively used. This can irritate even experienced users. Sometimes, you need to find something or someone quickly, and the website or service does not even allow you to browse pages without registration. The very , especially if the email is needed. process of registration scares people away Users of different websites and services find it more difficult to find each other and cooperate. The quality of interaction falls - not everywhere is available, and not everywhere it works as it should. In any case, this is extra effort. Finding information is also more difficult - for example, search engines search poorly for the content of posts in messengers or "do not see" them at all. crossposting People's efforts are often devalued and wasted. If a person performs well in one ecosystem, he or she remains a nobody in any other ecosystem. Job search exchanges rarely consider a user's ranking on other exchanges. , and in-game values (loot) cannot be transferred from one ecosystem to another. There is no publicly available mechanism for monetizing user efforts and achievements. Achievements in one game mean nothing in another Social networks and messengers have partially reduced fragmentation. They replace chat rooms, forums, photo & video hosting, payment systems, job exchanges, and trading platforms, offering it all as a single set of services. The metaverse should be the next step here, too. It will transparently unite all existing and future ecosystems into one virtual world. WhatsApp, Youtube, Slack, Discord, and Hackernoon users will be able to gather around the same table to work together or discuss something - without registration or authorization via SMS. A Battlefield master will be able to show off his weapons to a Half-Life 3 newcomer and give him a grenade or two. All ecosystems and worlds of the Metaverse will be in the . It will be much easier for people to monetize their actions or items, whether a game achievement, a master class in a skill, or a beautiful digital drawing like in the Vietnamese game Axie Infinity, based on the Ethereum blockchain. For some people in developing countries, playing Axie Infinity is a major source of income. In the Philippines, authorities have taxed it. same economic space How to create a unified Metaverse The Metaverse cannot be "one big Facebook." It has to become a for various websites, services, games, and applications. In general - for any software code that runs on devices with processor and memory. single but decentralized platform The basis can be , thanks to which websites, social networks, games, and messengers will begin to "speak the same language" and will be able to exchange data. Mark Zuckerberg cites the W3C, a consortium that creates and implements standards for the web. The consists of hundreds of companies, communities, universities, government agencies, and individuals worldwide, and its standards are open and free to all. The same model could be used to develop standards for Metaverse. common standards W3C Such standards already exist and work. The allows various social networks, blogs, photo and video hosting, and messengers to share content transparently. The universal OAuth protocol allows it to log in to thousands of different websites under Google and Facebook accounts. Fediverse ecosystem The example of Fediverse may seem unfortunate because this ecosystem has not gained much popularity - its services are actively used by just over a million people worldwide. But Meta, Microsoft, and Epic Games have something Fediverse enthusiasts don't - billions of users, tens of thousands of employees, huge budgets, and influence in the industry. This greatly increases the chances of success, although it does not guarantee it. Why merging into the Metaworld might not happen? There are several reasons: , and it is still unclear what can make huge corporations like Google, Apple, Microsoft, and Amazon transparently share data. Often, companies try to "wall off" their ecosystems and block access to them from the outside. Data is the new oil Even if companies join their ecosystems to the Metaverse, they can use dirty tricks to attract users to them - for example, adding unique features and capabilities not available to others. That is, to repeat the "browser wars" and bury the unified world under a pile of incompatible "features." A seamless Metaverse with billions of users would require a precisely synchronized. This is incomparable to the scale of even the most popular online games. It may not be possible to implement the Metaverse without . huge number of powerful servers quantum computing Many other will also have to be created. For example, people need to transfer the Internet to new equipment with higher transmission speeds and minimum delays and rework its software protocols to meet new requirements. hardware and software technologies The Metaverse will require a new programming model that looks like a living and open-evolving platform where millions of users seamlessly move from one world to another. So far, no such model exists. The dystopia that somehow became a dream Fiction writers describe the world of the Metaverse in gloomy colors - but Meta, Epic Games, and Microsoft seem to consider it a positive phenomenon. Maybe the more natural, convenient, and useful to humans, smooth out the digital divide and the difference in living standards between the metropolises and the outback, and provide a fourth industrial revolution. Metaverse will indeed make technology However, it can be assumed that the fullest involvement in the digital world will result in the spread of to the entire population of the Earth. will entangle them in a network of VR headset sensors, allowing them to track every heartbeat. The into the virtual world and protect the planet from complete depletion of resources - but it could create an unprecedented level of social stratification. Real things assembled from atoms will become a sign of wealth, and most people will only be able to afford sets of numbers. "digital dictation" Human immersion in the Internet Metaverse will shift consumption Maybe the Metaverse is the future of the Internet, the logical stage in the development of computer technology. However, it is already clear that the realization of this concept will take quite a long time - Zuckerberg himself hopes for 5-7 years, but most likely, we are talking about decades. It is quite possible that over such a period, instead of Zuckerberg and Meta, quite will come to the fore and make the Metaverse part of reality. If the concept itself does not lose relevance by then. different visionaries and companies I also recommend you read: VR Technology and Metaverse Learning: Advantages and Disadvantages The Future of DeFi: Is DeFi Awaiting for Mass Adoption The 7 Craziest Financial Stories of 2021: Investing in Nothing Real Estate Tokenization Guide: How Does it Work? Real Estate in the Metaverse is Booming: is it Really Such a Crazy Idea?

Metaverse Concept Analysis: Threats and Reassurances 

Análisis del concepto de metaverso: amenazas y garantías

Analyse de concept de métaverse : menaces et assurances

मेटावर्स अवधारणा विश्लेषण: खतरे और आश्वासन

メタバースの概念分析: 脅威と安心感

Análise do Conceito do Metaverso: Ameaças e Garantias

Phân tích khái niệm Metaverse: Đe doạ và sự đảm bảo

元界概念分析：威胁与保证

Crypto Crash? Not Really... 

Launching a product is always challenging. If you want to know how to start an app business, follow the advice of those who’ve done it. As a technology researcher, I want to help you with this. So I asked several mobile business owners how to launch an app startup, and they’ve shared their experiences. Many emphasized research and planning, while others unveiled some surprising secrets - even an unusual way to raise money. 1) Be Your Own Worst Critic Mobile app development continues to grow. shows that in 2020, users installed 218 billion apps. Out of this huge number, only of all the apps gain commercial success. This is because of them are abandoned after being used only one time. Among the most common reasons for failure are: Research 0.01% 90% poor market research (42%), irrelevant business model (17%), wrong market strategy (14%), weak product (19%), bad timing for launch (13%). Source: Business of apps Before diving into creating an app, you must spend time thinking everything over. Brainstorm how to start a mobile app business and check it for viability. These components are vital when creating a mobile app business plan: Evaluate Your Ideas “Evaluating your idea is a crucial move before going forward. A creative idea doesn’t necessarily mean it will become a hit in the industry. Ask yourself if your idea solves an existing problem. With this, you will know if there are people who need your app. There is no point in creating an app if you do not have a specific target market.” - says Sam Dolbel, Co-founder & CEO of . SINC Workforce Set Clear Goals and Objectives Co-Founder and CMO of David Bitton suggest: DoorLoop “Clearly define your objectives on what your mobile app intends to do: Is it intended to solve a problem? Reach more customers? Raise brand awareness?” He adds that every app serves a purpose, but each mobile app also must satisfy 2 goals: “1) the goal of your ideal user, and 2) your own business goal". To further help you define your objectives, David Bitton insists you ask yourself the following questions: What service do you want to provide in your mobile app? How will your mobile app solve a problem? What results do you expect from your app? Make Sure There is a Need that Competitors Don’t Already Address Before putting effort into this project, you must be sure that your product is unique and needed. If the market is oversaturated, your product may be lost in the quagmire of other options. Are you ready to compete with established brands? Brendan Martin who co-created the dictionary and language learning app says they built a startup by “focusing on a known problem or a problem that we personally had.” Cardinal Prepare to produce a product with a solid competitive advantage. This will help attract both clients and investors at the funding stage to see the profit potential. "Due to such a high volume of app developers, app development would need to serve a customized need that angel investors can easily see a possibility of high return because it services a recognizable need differently than another app." - says Roy Morejon, President & Co-Founder of . Enventys Partners 2) Find a Cheap Way to Validate Your Idea Don't play double or nothing. Before focusing all your resources on building a perfect product, try to get immediate feedback from the market after presenting your idea. There’s no point in creating a fully featured product if no one wants it. Validate your idea with the help of a Minimum Viable Product. In , Becky McCrea, Cindy Rockwell, and Molly Woodruff explain that “it is important to review the most important features of your app”, and be certain they are useful to the consumer. You may have grand plans for your app, but at first, the main idea is to get the minimum viable product (MVP) on the market quickly, and then improve it. Farmmee Did you know that there are as many as ? They vary depending on the product availability, from no product to minimal one. Each is effective at a different stage of your startup. Here are some details to give you a clearer idea: 5 types of MVPs Smoke Tests. You can test your idea about a product or service with just a description. Create a landing page and run an AdWords campaign to see if people will sign up for your product before you build it. “Validate your idea by using the Google Keyword Planner tool to look for the number of people seeking out what you’re trying to do.” - adds Miranda, Founder of . VinPit Sell Before You Build. You can raise money for your potential product with crowdfunding platforms. Be sure that your offer is appealing enough to attract attention even though it’s just an idea. Concierge. You must manually perform all functions of the future app. In other words, you will work with every customer providing everything yourself - communication, procurement, production, delivery, and so on. If your idea succeeds, then you can run with it. Wizard of Oz. Create a simulation of the app for customers, while every step is still made manually by you. That way, you will learn which features are vital and which are ineffective before building them. Single Feature Product. Find a function that solves a specific problem.  Once this stripped-down version of your product takes off, you can add more features. Source: Greenice While thinking about how to launch an app, use an MVP to save money and get realistic feedback about your product from actual clients. Then develop the most effective parts for your business. 3) Use Creative Funding How much does it cost to launch an app? Quite a lot. But this won’t stop you, right? The most common ways to fund your app are: Raising funds from angel investors Launching crowdfunding campaigns Bootstrapping However, this isn’t all you can do to cover your app startup costs. There are other ways to generate cash flow. For example, you can collect donations for your app using your current audience like Heinrich Long, Privacy Expert at , did: Restore “Before building my app, I put together a website that detailed all of my cybersecurity knowledge and shared it with my audience. The website took off faster than I ever could have imagined and I continue to grow my audience with it. The purpose of the website was to collect donations for the app I was building (that has many of the same educational tools the website has), and because the website became so popular, I was able to get the funding I needed.” 4) Start Thinking About Monetization as Early as Possible We are misled by the cheesy success stories of Facebook, Twitter, or Youtube that managed to live for years without monetization. Needless to say,  this doesn’t work for everyone. You can dream that Google will buy your project soon after launching. But most likely, magic will not happen, and good samaritans will not drop out of the sky.  Don’t ditch the rational idea of getting money from your app. Find a way to make your app profitable from the beginning. Here is advice from Dave Herman, President of : EZ Security Bonds “When building a mobile app startup, make sure you create a business model before actually developing the app to recoup the cost. This will be your guide that will help turn your app ideas into action. Start with visualizing the project and formulating the key concepts that will provide the basis for your startup. From the budget, monetization option, marketing strategy, and a lot more, you must have a business model ready to build your mobile app startup and make it successful.” 5) Use Wireframes A picture is worth a thousand words, especially when you think about how to sell an app idea. Wireframes can add clarity and excitement to your explanations and presentations for the team, investors, and other stakeholders. The text might give all the details but barely grab anyone’s attention. Images provide clear, visual information about your product’s features, interface, and design. They can be produced with good old pencil and paper or modern tools like Figma, Adobe XD, or UXPin. “Design your wireframes which are the visual guide of your app's layout and flow from different screens. You can do this offline using blank papers and pen or printable templates from SneakPeekIt. You can also do it online via wireframing tools. Later, you can test your wireframes with the use of Invision, which is what I use.” - says David Bitton, the Co-Founder and CMO of DoorLoop. 6) Use as Little Coding as Possible Here, we come to: “How to build an app.” In mobile app development, you have three options: native, cross-platform, and low-code. Native mobile development is the most resource-intensive as you must create two fully-featured apps - one for iOS and another for Android. For this, you will need two different teams of specialists to design, build, and market your solutions. This is time-consuming and expensive. If you cannot afford native development, there are other alternatives: Low code platforms are great for building systems\apps that use intuitive interfaces while not demanding in-depth programming skills. Such platforms include Visual LANSA, GeneXus, Zoho Creator. Becky McCrea from advises: Farmmee “Decide if you choose a low-code route to prove user adoption and viability with an accelerated delivery, or whether you have a technical team code the mobile app on a native friendly framework.” Cross-platform apps have one code-base and can be developed to function on several platforms. This approach can significantly reduce your development time and costs. Here are some examples of cross-platform apps: Progressive Web Applications are apps delivered through the web. They are available for all platforms. React Native is a development framework for app creation using JavaScript. Hybrid apps can be installed as native ones but use web technologies to display content. Examples of such apps are Apache Cordova and Xamarin. Flutter is another useful toolkit for building applications running on different platforms. Neil Parker, the CTO of , who is also  a software engineer at Uber and Amazon, insists that “using Flutter is the way to build a mobile app startup. Lovecast When you're starting a company, you don't have the resources to build and maintain mobile apps across multiple platforms while also rolling out new and innovative features. If you don't have mobile experience, you certainly don't have the time to learn everything. You need a way to move fast while delivering quality content. And that's exactly what Flutter allows. The web support, for example, enabled us to easily roll out a of our app directly to the web. And on mobile, it's almost indistinguishable from our native apps. We're able to maintain a single code base while moving at lightning speed with new features.” version If you are still not confident which way to go, : think about this native apps work faster and have direct access to all device features but are expensive to develop and maintain hybrids are quicker and cheaper to develop but have limited performance and functionality 7) Let Each Team Member Own Their Work Sharing is caring but also a way to achieve goals faster and more effectively. Create a solid team working together where everyone is responsible for their individual part. From decision making to task completion, every team member will be accountable for one piece of the puzzle. This system is especially compelling if every participant has equity in the company. Brendan Martin from liked “dividing the work equally among co-founders.” He says: “We were able to create a fast, stable, and beautiful app that solved core problems language learners had by essentially decoupling backend from frontend and having complete ownership of our own sides.” Cardinal How to Apply This to Your Business Creating a mobile app startup is not easy. You can't just let things go their course. Obviously, it is super important to analyze the market and have a strategy, but there is much more. You must come up with a decent idea for an app, consider finances, create a gripping presentation, develop solid coding,  and share responsibilities among team members. Hopefully, now you have a picture of how to launch a mobile app startup. I'd like to finish with a quote from founders Becky McCrea, Cindy Rockwell, and Molly Woodruff: Farmmee “Most of all, enjoy the excitement of launching your startup even when it gets tough. There will be hurdles, roadblocks, setbacks, and it is incredibly important to keep your focus on getting across the finish line no matter what.” Good luck with your startup, and may the force be with you.

How to Launch a Mobile App Startup - 7 Tips from Industry Veterans

Machine Learning for Business Bolstering an organization’s productivity is probably the first application of Machine Learning (ML) in business that comes to mind. Any company that switches to a more data-driven approach, would first and foremost utilize Machine Learning to help themselves produce more or, more accurately, produce efficiently. Evaluating and quantifying the end result is pretty straightforward. However, there has been an increasing interest in the applications of ML in the human resources department. Gathering employee (or potential employee) data can be a really powerful tool in the hands of HR practitioners to help them accomplish their tasks quicker and in some cases (like hiring) in a less biased manner. Applications of ML in HR Integrating ML  in HR processes is not a distant future theory. It has been embraced by many enterprises already, and the trends show that it will soon become the norm. Most of the use cases fall into three major groups: Hiring Hiring the best available talent for a job is a two-way process. Certain Natural Language Processing tools can be a useful aid to compose a job description that will sound really attractive and interesting to the candidate. On the other hand, ML can make the HR practitioner’s life easier when going through hundreds (or even thousands) of resumes, and filter out those that are not a great match for the role. Having an algorithm to do this can greatly reduce the unavoidable human bias as well as the amount of time required. An interesting case study is Unilever. They switched to a more data-driven hiring model, with the help of HireVue and this led to £1M+ annual cost savings, 96% candidate completion rates, 90% reduction in time to hire, and  16% increase in new-hire diversity. You can read the case study . here Engagement An ML-based system can process data collected via various intra-company sources and provide insights on how engaged the employees are in their work. These findings are easily missed by the human eye, especially for very big companies. Personal Development and Learning There are studies available that demonstrate how important development opportunities are for employee happiness. In some age groups (such as the millennials), a robust personalized framework for growth is shown to be more important than the salary. The same applies to the employer. It is for their benefit to keep their staff up-to-date with the latest trends and technologies. Blindly spending money on training their employees is inefficient. Two steps are necessary here: Identify the skill gap on an individual level and a) Create a learning path for them. b) “Individual” is a key word. The development plan must be as personalized as possible. There is no one size fits all solution. This is where ML can help, by analyzing the employee’s data and highlighting the missing or weak skills followed by generating a plan of action and monitoring the progress made. As an example, you can read the of Amadeus, a travel technology company, that designed and built the  Valamis-based Amadeus Learning Universe (ALU) global learning platform in order to train Amadeus employees, partners, and clients worldwide. case study Attrition You invested a lot of time and money in finding and attracting a great candidate and they are performing as expected. You want to make sure that they are happy and committed to the company. Losing great talent can not only be frustrating but they can also be really expensive to replace, especially for senior or managerial positions. There is a series of costs involved in that, ranging from finding new people to onboarding and training them. ML algorithms can help with providing a better vision of which are the most important factors that led to employees leaving in the past, as well as calculating the likelihood of a specific individual leaving in the future, based on past data. In this story, I will focus on job attrition and will demonstrate how we can use ML to help analyze the data and make predictions. The PyCaret library will be used to speed up the process. PyCaret defined the citizen data scientist as a person: Gartner “Who creates or generates models that use advanced diagnostic analytics or predictive and prescriptive capabilities, but whose primary job function is outside the field of statistics and analytics.” PyCaret is a library that is inspired by the emerging role of citizen data scientists. It is the Python version of the Caret package for R, essentially a wrapper around some of the most popular machine learning libraries, such as scikit-learn, XGBoost, and many others. It greatly simplifies the lifecycle of an ML experiment from model training to deployment. Behind the scenes, PyCaret takes care of a great amount of the necessary coding, exposing easy-to-use functions to the user. This leads to a great reduction of the lines of code that actually need to be written. From the documentation page: PyCaret is an open-source, low-code machine learning library in Python that automates machine learning workflows. It is an end-to-end machine learning and model management tool that speeds up the experiment cycle exponentially and makes you more productive. The code Setup and objective I will be using the IBM HR Analytics Employee Attrition & Performance available from Kaggle, which contains a mixture of numeric and categorical variables. The objective is to predict if an employee will leave the company (attrition). I will use Google Colab to train the model and perform the analysis. For this specific example, the dataset is assumed to be saved at this location: dataset This is a typical binary classification task, where the target variable (Attrition) takes 0/1 values. /content/drive/MyDrive/Data/HR-IBM_ATTRITION/WA_Fn-UseC_-HR-Employee-Attrition.csv Install / import packages and read the data !pip install pycaret shap

from pycaret.classification import *
import pandas as pd
from pycaret.utils import enable_colab
enable_colab()

df_ibm = pd.read_csv('/content/drive/MyDrive/Data/HR-IBM_ATTRITION/WA_Fn-UseC_-HR-Employee-Attrition.csv')
df_ibm.info() Exploratory data analysis findings After performing EDA, the major insights were: There are no missing values Some of the features have a constant value. These can be dropped (‘Over18', 'EmployeeCount', 'StandardHours', 'EmployeeNumber') There are a lot of numeric features that do not follow a normal distribution Some numeric features have only a few unique values There is some multicollinearity present for some of the features The   variable to be predicted is highly imbalanced So we will start by dropping the columns that don’t offer anything to the model df_ibm.drop(['Over18','EmployeeCount','StandardHours','EmployeeNumber'],axis=1,inplace=True) Setup PyCaret environment Before running any model training, the environment must be set up. This is super easy, all we need is to call the function, but first, we need to take care of how the variables will be interpreted. PyCaret will infer the various variable types (numeric, categorical, etc). We can override this behavior by providing our own association of variables with data types. Let’s create these lists and dictionaries first and have them ready to be passed as arguments to the setup function. setup() cat_vars = ['Department','EducationField','Gender','JobRole','MaritalStatus','OverTime',]
ordinal_vars = {
    'BusinessTravel' : ['Non-Travel','Travel_Rarely','Travel_Frequently'],
    'Education' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['Education'].unique())],
    'EnvironmentSatisfaction' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['EnvironmentSatisfaction'].unique())],
    'JobInvolvement' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['JobInvolvement'].unique())],
    'JobLevel' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['JobLevel'].unique())],
    'JobSatisfaction' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['JobSatisfaction'].unique())],
    'PerformanceRating' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['PerformanceRating'].unique())],
    'RelationshipSatisfaction' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['RelationshipSatisfaction'].unique())],
    'StockOptionLevel' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['StockOptionLevel'].unique())],
    'TrainingTimesLastYear' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['TrainingTimesLastYear'].unique())],
    'WorkLifeBalance' : [str(x) for x in sorted(df_ibm['WorkLifeBalance'].unique())]

}
numeric_features = ['DailyRate','DistanceFromHome','Age','HourlyRate','MonthlyIncome','MonthlyRate','NumCompaniesWorked','PercentSalaryHike','TotalWorkingYears','YearsAtCompany','YearsInCurrentRole','YearsSinceLastPromotion','YearsWithCurrManager'] We are now ready to set up the environment. experiment = setup(df_ibm,target=‘Attrition',
                   categorical_features=cat_vars,
                   train_size=0.8,
                   ordinal_features=ordinal_vars,
                   remove_multicollinearity=True,
                   multicollinearity_threshold = 0.9,
                   transformation=True,
                   normalize = True,
                   numeric_features=numeric_features,
                   session_id = 42) Let me explain some of the parameters of this method: setup() : Name of the target column to be passed in as a string. The target variable can be either binary or multiclass. target : Proportion of the dataset to be used for training and validation. By default, PyCaret will split the dataset to train/test splits when running setup on a 70/30 ratio. We have overridden this value. train_size : If the inferred data types are not correct or the silent param is set to True, categorical_features param can be used to overwrite or define the data types. It takes a list of strings with column names that are categorical categorical_features : Encode categorical features as ordinal. For example, a categorical feature with ‘low’, ‘medium’, ‘high’ values where low < medium < high can be passed as ordinal_features = { ‘column_name’ : [‘low’, ‘medium’, ‘high’] }. : If the inferred data types are not correct or the silent param is set to True, numeric_features param can be used to overwrite or define the data types. It takes a list of strings with column names that are numeric. ordinal_features numeric_features : When set to True, it transforms the numeric features by scaling them to a given range. The type of scaling is defined by the normalize_method parameter (default is score). normalize : When set to True, it applies the power transform to make data more Gaussian-like. The type of transformation is defined by the transformation_method parameter (default is yeo-johnson). transformation : Controls the randomness of the experiment. It is equivalent to ‘random_state’ in scikit-learn. When None, a pseudo-random number is generated. This can be used for later reproducibility of the entire experiment. session_id : When set to True, features with the inter-correlations higher than the defined threshold are removed. When two features are highly correlated with each other, the feature that is less correlated with the target variable is removed. Only considers numeric features. remove_multicollinearity : Threshold for correlated features. Ignored when remove_multicollinearity is not True. multicollinearity_threshold Model creation and training To get a list of all the available classification models, we can simply run : which returns: models() We can conveniently see how all the above models perform on the train dataset: top3 = compare_models(n_select=3,sort='AUC') This function trains and evaluates the performance of all estimators available in the model library using cross-validation (10 fold is the default). The output of this function is a score grid with average cross-validated scores. In this example, I chose AUC to be the metric that models are sorted by. The variable is now a list that holds the 3 best performing models, and they can be referenced like normal Python list elements. Can you imagine? With a single line of code, we trained all the models and generated a metrics grid. Nice. top3 It is worth mentioning here that PyCaret allows individual model creation very easily, as well as various ensembling techniques (boosting, bagging, blending, stacking). Check the documentation on how to perform these steps. Just to give you an idea, we could blend the top3 models like this : blend = blend_models(top3) But for now, we will use the top model, Logistic Regression. The next step would be to try and fine-tune the model. PyCaret has us covered. tuned_lr = tune_model(top3[0],n_iter=70,optimize=‘AUC') This function tunes the hyperparameters of a given estimator. The output of this function is a score grid with CV scores by fold of the best selected model based on optimize parameter The parameter is the number of iterations in the grid search. Increasing n_iter may improve model performance but also increases the training time. n_iter By default, tune_model performs scikit-learn . random grid search Model performance We are now ready to evaluate the model’s performance on the holdout set (remember, PyCaret created one when we ran the setup).
This is again very easy: pred_holdout = predict_model(tuned_lr) PyCaret takes the burden off us to create the plots that would visually depict the model’s performance. Let’s see some examples: plot_model(tuned_lr,’confusion_matrix') plot_model(tuned_lr,'auc',save=True) plot_model(tuned_lr,'learning',save=True) Before saving the model, one last useful step is to run the function. Once the predictions are generated on the hold-out set using and we have chosen to deploy the specific model, we want to train our model for one final time on the entire dataset including hold-out. finalize() predict_model final_tuned_lr = finalize_model(tuned_lr) To save the final model, we need to run: save_model(final_tuned_lr, 'final_tuned_lr') Which saves the entire transformation pipeline and trained model object as a transferable binary pickle file for later use. As you can imagine, loading the saved model is as easy as: final_tuned_lr_loaded = load_model('final_tuned_lr') Model interpretation - SHAP values There is another feature I would like to show you, which is model interpretation. The implementation of the interpretations is based on (SHapley Additive exPlanations).  SHAP values are a widely used approach from cooperative game theory that come with desirable properties. They help us demystify how the model works and how each feature affects the final prediction. However, only tree-based models for binary classification are supported  (Extra Trees Classifier, Decision Tree Classifier, Random Forest Classifier, and Light Gradient Boosting Machine). Let’s quickly demonstrate how straightforward it is for PyCaret to interpret a model. We will train and tune a Random Forest Classifier first. Instead of using the compare_models() function, we can create individual models like so: SHAP rf = create_model(‘rf') and then tune it: tuned_rf = tune_model(rf,optimize=‘AUC') Next, we will generate the SHAP values for each feature: interpret_model(tuned_rf,save=True) Now, how do we read this plot? The logic is that: For each feature observation (dots), the red color represents high values, while the blue color represents low values. If the dots are more spread to the right, this means that the feature has a high effect on the positive class (Attrition = 1). Similarly, if the dots are spread to the left, the feature has a negative effect on attrition. Looking at the graph, we can conclude that: Features that have a great effect on attrition Low monthly income Low total working years Low age High overtime hours Features that have a medium effect on attrition Low years at the company A high number of companies worked before High distance from home High years since last promotion Further reading I encourage you to check the PyCaret documentation page and try some of their tutorials. I just covered a small fraction of what the library can do here. PyCaret Links https://greenice.net/how-leading-companies-use-machine-learning-to-solve-major-hr-challenges-greenice/ https://towardsdatascience.com/machine-learning-in-human-resources-applications-and-trends-7f7a1473b222

Machine Learning Meets HR: Predicting Employee Attrition with PyCaret

When it comes to building SaaS products, every tool out there is a solution to a problem that an audience is facing. The biggest problem that marketing companies and agencies are facing is where to spend their next dollar for their marketing campaign. The only reason why the Martech landscape has grown exponentially in the past couple of years is that marketing companies are always looking forward to upgrading themselves through technology, replacing their existing processes with automation, and to build effective and efficient strategies for their campaigns. While working in a growth marketing agency I have followed a framework to come up with ideas and build Martech solutions for different industries. Analytics Analytics is one of the basic components of marketing, where you record and analyze events. It gives a holistic view of a marketing campaign, giving insights about how an audience is reacting towards a campaign, what actions they're taking, and from which platform the campaign is getting a positive response. Based on the data from analytics, marketing teams predict and pivot marketing strategies to get effective results. Analytics tools do a very basic job, that is they track campaigns, users, and events, then report them on a dashboard. Now by using Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, analytics tools are also predicting the upcoming reports to give marketers a chance to adjust their campaigns for better results. Intelligence Beauty may be dangerous, but intelligence is lethal. In the era of social media, marketing companies don't rely on surveys and estimations, they exactly need to know the audience they're targeting, what are their sentiments about a topic, how they will react towards a campaign, what are they interested in, what type of content they consume, etc. Technologies like AI, ML, and Data Science have made a profound change in marketing. The whole point of marketing intelligence is to collect data from different sources and conclude results using different algorithms like behavioral and pattern recognition. Social listening tools are the best example of Marketing Intelligence. It grabs the data from different social networks and using Artificial Intelligence predicts in-depth audience insights. Automation The world of marketing is moving towards automation. From programmatic advertisements to No-Code tools, automation in marketing is a need of today. Marketing companies and agencies are always in search of tools to automate their repetitive processes, allowing teams to do what they do best and bring more sales. There are already many marketing automation tools available as it's easy to create some scripts to automate any task. Marketing automation is not limited to just lead generation, now everything is getting automated by a tool. Customer Relationship Management Whether it's a small e-commerce business or a multinational brand, everyone is marketing on multiple channels to capture audiences of all kinds, and keeping track of all marketing stats. Giving the right service to customers requires an intense amount of effort and time. That's where CRM comes in, it tracks all the stats and metrics of marketing and sales and provides options to provide support to customers to maintain a good relationship. CRMs that are already in the market are extensively built to cater all the problems, but small and medium enterprises are always in search of easy to use and affordable solutions and that's your sweet spot to build a tool for this market. It's a general-purpose frame that can apply to any industry. Let's say you want to build tools for the e-commerce market then this framework would be changed into Analytics tools for e-commerce Intelligence tools for e-commerce Automation tools for e-commerce CRM/Support tools for e-commerce Final Words The future belongs to those who learn more skills and combine them in creative ways. - Robert Greene Whether you're looking for an idea for a startup to pursue your entrepreneur journey or for a side project to build your brand and polish your skills, this stack can help you to come up with sure-fire Martech ideas for any market. Interested in becoming a Martech developer but don't know where to begin? Read my recent article on How to become a Martech developer in 2021

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Since 2017

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GREENAGE TECHNOLOGIES

greenagetech.com

11-50 employees

Since 2017

COMPANY RANKING

GREENAGE TECHNOLOGIES

EVERGREEN INDEX #5353

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