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MOTION AND EQUIPOISE OF FIGURES.

In today’s world, when most managers work in global organizations, leaders are forced to add a new critical skill to their toolkit - leading and managing during crises. From 9/11, COVID-19, and the , to the horrible in Israel by Hamas, leaders are faced with unprecedented obstacles, and a lot of open questions without a clear playbook. war in Ukraine terror attack this week Sadly, looking at the past 3 years, these crises will continue to emerge, forcing us to equip leaders, from senior managers to first-time managers with the skills to handle such events. Success now hinges on the ability to ensure business continuity, effective crisis management, navigate cross-cultural communication, allocate resources efficiently, and inspire individuals in times of adversity. So, how can we empower our leaders with the skills to face these demanding circumstances? Shifting Gears From Business as Usual to Crisis Mode Normally, managers can rely on established strategies and procedures to lead their teams. Under the best of circumstances, the pace of work is steady and everyone understands their roles. In contrast, crisis situations bring forth heightened risks to the business, presenting unpredictable developments. Effective communication becomes pivotal, as does the need for creative methods to support individuals. The recent crisis in Israel serves as a poignant example, as thousands of US companies with an Israeli site, including , , , , and are facing disruptions in the school system, employees being called to military service, plummeting well-being affecting productivity, potential physical risks to employees and their families, the situation has presented an array of uncertainties. The urgent need for support and crisis management strategies has never been more evident. Google Microsoft Amazon Meta Apple Who Should Be Trained and How? In times of crisis, the need for training is universal. This includes everyone from senior managers to junior leaders. Training can be broadly categorized into two key components: ongoing preparation and crisis-specific training. Ongoing training should be seamlessly integrated into general management and leadership development programs, serving as a foundation. It imparts theoretical knowledge to ensure that leaders grasp the core concepts and are better prepared for future crises. Crisis-specific training is the frontline defense when a crisis unfolds. As we acknowledge that everyone, including HR and managerial resources, is overwhelmed, this training must be more personalized, particularly for mid to senior management. Each manager faces unique challenges, necessitating rapid adaptation, business continuity planning, mental health support, effective communication, and more. While ongoing training is relatively straightforward, crisis-specific training requires meticulous preparation. To ensure swift and efficient support during a crisis, organizations must plan ahead and establish a comprehensive program. Preparing Comprehensive Crises Management Programs While ongoing leadership training might follow a relatively straightforward path, navigating a crisis demands a more complex and multifaceted approach. This complexity is magnified by the limited time and resources available when a crisis emerges. To prepare for such events effectively, organizations must have the right tools in place. Here's what's needed to empower leaders for crisis management: The first step is to develop a well-thought-out crisis management training program in advance. This preparation ensures that when a crisis strikes, there's no delay in deploying the necessary resources. The program should be comprehensive, covering a range of topics and scenarios, and ready to be rolled out at a moment's notice. Pre-planning To respond swiftly to a crisis, an organization must have the ability to match dozens or even hundreds of leaders with crisis management specialists within 24 hours is paramount. Technology usually serves as the backbone of the crisis response plan, facilitating the immediate connection of leaders with experts who can provide guidance tailored to the specific challenges faced during the crisis. Scalable Deployment Crises often present complex, multifaceted challenges that require a high level of expertise to navigate effectively. Therefore, it's essential to engage crisis management specialists who bring a wealth of experience to the table. These specialists should not only understand the nuances of handling crises but should also be well-versed in the global aspects of crisis management. Expertise Their expertise should encompass various areas, including: : Understanding how the crisis affects different regions, markets, and communities, and the ability to adapt strategies accordingly. Global Perspective : Providing guidance on communicating with various stakeholders, both internal and external, during a crisis. This includes strategies for maintaining transparency, managing public relations, and fostering trust. Effective Communication : Assisting organizations in developing and implementing continuity plans to ensure critical operations continue running, even under challenging circumstances. Business Continuity Planning : Prioritizing the mental and emotional well-being of employees and leaders alike. Offering strategies to manage stress, promote resilience, and maintain morale. Well-being Support 4. Timely and Focused Support Crisis-specific training should be designed to be concise, highly focused, and immediately activated as soon as a crisis unfolds. The training sessions should aim to address the most critical and pressing challenges presented by the crisis, recognizing that time is of the essence. Ideally, this training should begin when the crisis starts and continue as long as the situation remains unstable. As the crisis stabilizes, leaders can transition from the emergency response phase to recovery and resilience building. With these essential tools in place, organizations can be better prepared to respond effectively to crises, minimize disruption, and support their leaders in guiding their teams through turbulent times. Such proactive planning and investments can ultimately make a substantial difference in the outcome of a crisis and the long-term resilience of the organization and its people. The Cost of Inaction The implications of inaction during times of crisis are not to be underestimated. While it is true that crises might occur relatively infrequently in the life of an organization, the potential consequences of being unprepared are profound. Beyond the immediate consequences of a crisis, the way an organization manages such an event becomes etched into the collective memory of its people, leaving a lasting impact on their perception of the organization. Failing to equip leaders with the necessary skills for crisis management exposes organizations to a plethora of substantial risks. These risks include the tangible impacts of the crisis, such as financial losses and operational disruptions, and the less quantifiable yet equally significant aspects, such as decreased employee morale and trust in leadership. Moreover, the handling of a crisis has a direct bearing on an organization's reputation, both internally and externally. When leaders effectively navigate a crisis, it instills confidence in the workforce, reassuring employees that they are in capable hands, which, in turn, boosts morale and trust. This internal perception is often mirrored externally, contributing to the organization's public image. On the other hand, when leaders fail to manage a crisis effectively, it can result in severe business failure, where vital systems do not respond to customer demands. It can also lead to a loss of trust from both employees and external stakeholders. A poorly handled crisis may lead to negative publicity and decreased public confidence in the organization's ability to weather challenges. In essence, the quality of leadership during times of crisis can make a profound difference in the outcomes. By providing robust support and training to leaders, organizations can exponentially enhance their ability to navigate these trying situations and steer the ship to safety, not only mitigating the immediate risks but also bolstering long-term trust, morale, and reputation. It is a proactive investment that can yield immeasurable returns when the next crisis inevitably arrives. How Growthspace Supported Its Customers Through the Crisis: As a platform specializing in employee skill development and training, Growthspace has been an instrumental partner for numerous organizations with Israeli employees. The platform's response to crises demonstrates how technology and expert guidance can be employed swiftly and effectively in times of uncertainty. When the recent crisis unfolded in Israel, organizations quickly recognized the need to provide their Israeli middle management with tools and support to navigate this extraordinary situation. Growthspace stepped in, creating a responsive and practical solution that addressed the immediate challenges faced by these leaders. Here's how Growthspace has been supporting its customers during the crisis: : Growthspace's platform, designed to facilitate the development of employee skills, was adapted to meet the urgent needs of its customers. The platform allowed for the swift matching of Israeli middle managers with crisis management and business continuity experts. This matching process took place within 24 hours of the crisis emerging. The ability to connect leaders in real-time with specialists was invaluable in providing immediate guidance and resources. Rapid Matching The crisis management experts engaged by Growthspace were not only knowledgeable about handling crises but also seasoned in addressing global aspects. They brought a wealth of experience to the table, offering a broad perspective that was critical in navigating complex, cross-border challenges. This expertise extended beyond crisis management to encompass the essential components of effective leadership during a crisis: communication, business continuity planning, well-being support, and more. Specialized Expertise: The support provided through Growthspace was organized into focused, short-term sprints, each comprising five sessions. These sessions were designed to address specific issues that emerged as the crisis unfolded. They tackled a range of concerns, from ensuring business continuity to managing employee well-being and effectively communicating in times of uncertainty. Structured Support: This approach offered participating leaders an opportunity to receive immediate, targeted support from experienced experts. It also recognized that leaders and managers were dealing with extraordinary stress and constraints on their time, making concise and direct assistance essential. Through this support structure, Growthspace demonstrated its commitment to ensuring that leaders and organizations had access to the resources they needed to navigate the crisis effectively. It reinforced the platform's role in not just enhancing individual skills but also in providing agile, real-time support in critical situations. Growthspace's response is a testament to the importance of proactive preparation and having the right tools and experts in place to support leaders during times of crisis. By implementing this system, the platform showcased its ability to adapt swiftly to the evolving needs of its customers and offer valuable solutions in the face of unexpected and challenging circumstances. Final Thoughts: Readiness is Key Crises are not isolated events; they are an inherent part of the global landscape. The impact of such events on global organizations can be severe. The critical window to act lies close to the onset of a crisis, and effective resolution can make an immense difference. The time to act is now. Organizations must take the initiative to develop comprehensive emergency plans that can be activated within seconds of a crisis emerging. Such preparations provide the groundwork for a swift, structured, and effective response, minimizing disruption and ensuring that the right resources are available when needed most. The capacity to respond rapidly and effectively is the linchpin of success, and the partnership between technology and preparedness stands as the gateway to resilience and enduring strength. Technological platforms, like Growthspace, are invaluable in enabling organizations to scale and respond promptly when such challenges arise. Remember, in times of crisis, preparedness is power and robust support for leaders is the key to resilience and recovery. As we move forward, embracing this proactive approach will be paramount to the long-term success of global organizations and their leaders.

Navigating Crisis: How to Equip Leaders for Unpredictable Challenges

This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license.
Authors:
(1) Yejin Bang, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology;
(2) Nayeon Lee, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology;
(3) Pascale Fung, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Table of Links Abstract and Intro
Related Work
Approach
Experiments
Conclusion
Limitations, Ethics Statement and References
A. Experimental Details
B. Generation Results 6.1. Limitations The study is limited by its adherence to the benchmark’s English-based task setup. The analysis is constrained to political ideologies in the United States and the English language. Additionally, the BART model’s 1024 sub-token input limit restricts the number of biased source articles that can be included as an input. It is important to note that these limitations, while potentially impacting the scope of the study’s findings, are not uncommon in natural language processing research. Nonetheless, future research may benefit from addressing these limitations by exploring alternative methods for a broader range of political ideologies (NonU.S. political ideologies) and languages, as well as incorporating longer input texts to capture a more comprehensive range of source articles. 6.2. Ethics Statement The issue of biased articles with framing has been extensively studied, as it can lead to polarization by influencing readers’ opinions toward a certain person, group, or topic. To address this problem, our research focuses on introducing a loss function that can be incorporated to enable the model to reduce framing bias in the generated summary. However, it is important to recognize that automatic technologies can also have unintended negative consequences if not developed with careful consideration of their broader impacts. For example, machine learning models can introduce bias in their output, replacing known source bias with another form of bias (Lee et al., 2022). To mitigate this risk, Lee et al. (2022) have suggested including explicit mention of the source articles alongside automatically generated neutral summaries. Furthermore, while our work aims to remove framing bias in human-generated articles, there is the potential for hallucination in the generation, which is a well-known problem of generative models (Ji et al., 2023). Thus, it is important to equip a guardrail (e.g., a provision of source reference) if such automatic technology is implemented for actual use cases. Despite these challenges, our research can contribute to the effort of mitigating human-generated framing bias in order to reduce polarization in society. One of the use cases can be to aid human experts in the process of providing multi-view synthesized articles without framing bias. In terms of broader societal impact, we hope our work can help online users access more depolarized information online. 6.3. References 2021. Center – what does a "center" media bias rating mean? Ramy Baly, Giovanni Da San Martino, James Glass, and Preslav Nakov. 2020. We can detect your bias: Predicting the political ideology of news articles. In Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pages 4982–4991, Online. Association for Computational Linguistics. Adriana Beratšová, Kristína Krchová, Nikola Gažová, and Michal Jirásek. 2016. Framing and bias: a literature review of recent findings. Central European journal of management, 3(2). Dennis Chong and James N Druckman. 2007. Framing theory. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci., 10:103–126. Robert M Entman. 2002. Framing: Towards clarification of a fractured paradigm. McQuail’s Reader in Mass Communication Theory. London, California and New Delhi: Sage. Robert M Entman. 2007. Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of communication, 57(1):163–173. Robert M Entman. 2010. Media framing biases and political power: Explaining slant in news of campaign 2008. Journalism, 11(4):389–408. Alexander R Fabbri, Irene Li, Tianwei She, Suyi Li, and Dragomir R Radev. 2019. Multi-news: A large-scale multi-document summarization dataset and abstractive hierarchical model. arXiv preprint arXiv:1906.01749 Lisa Fan, Marshall White, Eva Sharma, Ruisi Su, Prafulla Kumar Choubey, Ruihong Huang, and Lu Wang. 2019. In plain sight: Media bias through the lens of factual reporting. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.02670. Matthew Gentzkow and Jesse M Shapiro. 2006. Media bias and reputation. Journal of political Economy, 114(2):280–316. Matthew Gentzkow, Jesse M Shapiro, and Daniel F Stone. 2015. Media bias in the marketplace: Theory. In Handbook of media economics, volume 1, pages 623–645. Elsevier. Erving Goffman. 1974. Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Harvard University Press Felix Hamborg, Karsten Donnay, and Bela Gipp. 2019. Automated identification of media bias in news articles: an interdisciplinary literature review. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 20(4):391–415. Felix Hamborg, Norman Meuschke, and Bela Gipp. 2017. Matrix-based news aggregation: exploring different news perspectives. In 2017 ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL), pages 1–10. IEEE. Ziwei Ji, Nayeon Lee, Rita Frieske, Tiezheng Yu, Dan Su, Yan Xu, Etsuko Ishii, Ye Jin Bang, Andrea Madotto, and Pascale Fung. 2023. Survey of hallucination in natural language generation. ACM Comput. Surv., 55(12). Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. 2013. Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. In Handbook of the fundamentals of financial decision making: Part I, pages 99–127. World Scientific. Philippe Laban and Marti A Hearst. 2017. newslens: building and visualizing long-ranging news stories. In Proceedings of the Events and Stories in the News Workshop, pages 1–9. Nayeon Lee, Yejin Bang, Tiezheng Yu, Andrea Madotto, and Pascale Fung. 2022. NeuS: Neutral multi-news summarization for mitigating framing bias. In Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pages 3131–3148, Seattle, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics. Mike Lewis, Yinhan Liu, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Omer Levy, Ves Stoyanov, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2019. Bart: Denoising sequence-to-sequence pre-training for natural language generation, translation, and comprehension. arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.13461. Yujian Liu, Xinliang Frederick Zhang, David Wegsman, Nicholas Beauchamp, and Lu Wang. 2022. POLITICS: Pretraining with same-story article comparison for ideology prediction and stance detection. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2022, pages 1354–1374, Seattle, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics. Saif Mohammad. 2018. Obtaining reliable human ratings of valence, arousal, and dominance for 20,000 english words. In Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 174–184. Fred Morstatter, Liang Wu, Uraz Yavanoglu, Stephen R Corman, and Huan Liu. 2018. Identifying framing bias in online news. ACM Transactions on Social Computing, 1(2):1–18. Kishore Papineni, Salim Roukos, Todd Ward, and WeiJing Zhu. 2002. Bleu: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation. In Proceedings of the 40th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 311–318. Souneil Park, Seungwoo Kang, Sangyoung Chung, and Junehwa Song. 2009. Newscube: delivering multiple aspects of news to mitigate media bias. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, pages 443–452. Dietram A Scheufele. 2000. Agenda-setting, priming, and framing revisited: Another look at cognitive effects of political communication. Mass communication & society, 3(2-3):297–316. All Sides. 2018. Media bias ratings. Allsides.com. Timo Spinde, Christina Kreuter, Wolfgang Gaissmaier, Felix Hamborg, Bela Gipp, and Helge Giese. 2021. Do you think it’s biased? how to ask for the perception of media bias. In 2021 ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL), pages 61–69. IEEE. Esther van den Berg and Katja Markert. 2020. Context in informational bias detection. In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pages 6315–6326, Barcelona, Spain (Online). International Committee on Computational Linguistics. George Wright and Paul Goodwin. 2002. Eliminating a framing bias by using simple instructions to ‘think harder’and respondents with managerial experience: Comment on ‘breaking the frame’. Strategic management journal, 23(11):1059–1067. Jingqing Zhang, Yao Zhao, Mohammad Saleh, and Peter J. Liu. 2019a. Pegasus: Pre-training with extracted gap-sentences for abstractive summarization. Tianyi Zhang*, Varsha Kishore*, Felix Wu*, Kilian Q. Weinberger, and Yoav Artzi. 2020. Bertscore: Evaluating text generation with bert. In International Conference on Learning Representations. Yifan Zhang, Giovanni Da San Martino, Alberto BarrónCedeno, Salvatore Romeo, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Todor Staykovski, Israa Jaradat, Georgi Karadzhov, Ramy Baly, et al. 2019b. Tanbih: Get to know what you are reading. EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019, page 223. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Yejin Bang, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; (2) Nayeon Lee, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; (3) Pascale Fung, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 DEED license. Authors: Authors: (1) Yejin Bang, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; (2) Nayeon Lee, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; (3) Pascale Fung, Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (CAiRE), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Table of Links Abstract and Intro Related Work Approach Experiments Conclusion Limitations, Ethics Statement and References A. Experimental Details B. Generation Results Abstract and Intro Abstract and Intro Related Work Related Work Approach Approach Experiments Experiments Conclusion Conclusion Limitations, Ethics Statement and References Limitations, Ethics Statement and References A. Experimental Details A. Experimental Details B. Generation Results B. Generation Results 6.1. Limitations The study is limited by its adherence to the benchmark’s English-based task setup. The analysis is constrained to political ideologies in the United States and the English language. Additionally, the BART model’s 1024 sub-token input limit restricts the number of biased source articles that can be included as an input. It is important to note that these limitations, while potentially impacting the scope of the study’s findings, are not uncommon in natural language processing research. Nonetheless, future research may benefit from addressing these limitations by exploring alternative methods for a broader range of political ideologies (NonU.S. political ideologies) and languages, as well as incorporating longer input texts to capture a more comprehensive range of source articles. 6.2. Ethics Statement The issue of biased articles with framing has been extensively studied, as it can lead to polarization by influencing readers’ opinions toward a certain person, group, or topic. To address this problem, our research focuses on introducing a loss function that can be incorporated to enable the model to reduce framing bias in the generated summary. However, it is important to recognize that automatic technologies can also have unintended negative consequences if not developed with careful consideration of their broader impacts. For example, machine learning models can introduce bias in their output, replacing known source bias with another form of bias (Lee et al., 2022). To mitigate this risk, Lee et al. (2022) have suggested including explicit mention of the source articles alongside automatically generated neutral summaries. Furthermore, while our work aims to remove framing bias in human-generated articles, there is the potential for hallucination in the generation, which is a well-known problem of generative models (Ji et al., 2023). Thus, it is important to equip a guardrail (e.g., a provision of source reference) if such automatic technology is implemented for actual use cases. Despite these challenges, our research can contribute to the effort of mitigating human-generated framing bias in order to reduce polarization in society. One of the use cases can be to aid human experts in the process of providing multi-view synthesized articles without framing bias. In terms of broader societal impact, we hope our work can help online users access more depolarized information online. 6.3. References 2021. Center – what does a "center" media bias rating mean? Ramy Baly, Giovanni Da San Martino, James Glass, and Preslav Nakov. 2020. We can detect your bias: Predicting the political ideology of news articles. In Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pages 4982–4991, Online. Association for Computational Linguistics. Adriana Beratšová, Kristína Krchová, Nikola Gažová, and Michal Jirásek. 2016. Framing and bias: a literature review of recent findings. Central European journal of management, 3(2). Dennis Chong and James N Druckman. 2007. Framing theory. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci., 10:103–126. Robert M Entman. 2002. Framing: Towards clarification of a fractured paradigm. McQuail’s Reader in Mass Communication Theory. London, California and New Delhi: Sage. Robert M Entman. 2007. Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of communication, 57(1):163–173. Robert M Entman. 2010. Media framing biases and political power: Explaining slant in news of campaign 2008. Journalism, 11(4):389–408. Alexander R Fabbri, Irene Li, Tianwei She, Suyi Li, and Dragomir R Radev. 2019. Multi-news: A large-scale multi-document summarization dataset and abstractive hierarchical model. arXiv preprint arXiv:1906.01749 Lisa Fan, Marshall White, Eva Sharma, Ruisi Su, Prafulla Kumar Choubey, Ruihong Huang, and Lu Wang. 2019. In plain sight: Media bias through the lens of factual reporting. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.02670. Matthew Gentzkow and Jesse M Shapiro. 2006. Media bias and reputation. Journal of political Economy, 114(2):280–316. Matthew Gentzkow, Jesse M Shapiro, and Daniel F Stone. 2015. Media bias in the marketplace: Theory. In Handbook of media economics, volume 1, pages 623–645. Elsevier. Erving Goffman. 1974. Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Harvard University Press Felix Hamborg, Karsten Donnay, and Bela Gipp. 2019. Automated identification of media bias in news articles: an interdisciplinary literature review. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 20(4):391–415. Felix Hamborg, Norman Meuschke, and Bela Gipp. 2017. Matrix-based news aggregation: exploring different news perspectives. In 2017 ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL), pages 1–10. IEEE. Ziwei Ji, Nayeon Lee, Rita Frieske, Tiezheng Yu, Dan Su, Yan Xu, Etsuko Ishii, Ye Jin Bang, Andrea Madotto, and Pascale Fung. 2023. Survey of hallucination in natural language generation. ACM Comput. Surv., 55(12). Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. 2013. Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. In Handbook of the fundamentals of financial decision making: Part I, pages 99–127. World Scientific. Philippe Laban and Marti A Hearst. 2017. newslens: building and visualizing long-ranging news stories. In Proceedings of the Events and Stories in the News Workshop, pages 1–9. Nayeon Lee, Yejin Bang, Tiezheng Yu, Andrea Madotto, and Pascale Fung. 2022. NeuS: Neutral multi-news summarization for mitigating framing bias. In Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pages 3131–3148, Seattle, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics. Mike Lewis, Yinhan Liu, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Omer Levy, Ves Stoyanov, and Luke Zettlemoyer. 2019. Bart: Denoising sequence-to-sequence pre-training for natural language generation, translation, and comprehension. arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.13461. Yujian Liu, Xinliang Frederick Zhang, David Wegsman, Nicholas Beauchamp, and Lu Wang. 2022. POLITICS: Pretraining with same-story article comparison for ideology prediction and stance detection. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2022, pages 1354–1374, Seattle, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics. Saif Mohammad. 2018. Obtaining reliable human ratings of valence, arousal, and dominance for 20,000 english words. In Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 174–184. Fred Morstatter, Liang Wu, Uraz Yavanoglu, Stephen R Corman, and Huan Liu. 2018. Identifying framing bias in online news. ACM Transactions on Social Computing, 1(2):1–18. Kishore Papineni, Salim Roukos, Todd Ward, and WeiJing Zhu. 2002. Bleu: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation. In Proceedings of the 40th annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 311–318. Souneil Park, Seungwoo Kang, Sangyoung Chung, and Junehwa Song. 2009. Newscube: delivering multiple aspects of news to mitigate media bias. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, pages 443–452. Dietram A Scheufele. 2000. Agenda-setting, priming, and framing revisited: Another look at cognitive effects of political communication. Mass communication & society, 3(2-3):297–316. All Sides. 2018. Media bias ratings. Allsides.com. Timo Spinde, Christina Kreuter, Wolfgang Gaissmaier, Felix Hamborg, Bela Gipp, and Helge Giese. 2021. Do you think it’s biased? how to ask for the perception of media bias. In 2021 ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL), pages 61–69. IEEE. Esther van den Berg and Katja Markert. 2020. Context in informational bias detection. In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pages 6315–6326, Barcelona, Spain (Online). International Committee on Computational Linguistics. George Wright and Paul Goodwin. 2002. Eliminating a framing bias by using simple instructions to ‘think harder’and respondents with managerial experience: Comment on ‘breaking the frame’. Strategic management journal, 23(11):1059–1067. Jingqing Zhang, Yao Zhao, Mohammad Saleh, and Peter J. Liu. 2019a. Pegasus: Pre-training with extracted gap-sentences for abstractive summarization. Tianyi Zhang*, Varsha Kishore*, Felix Wu*, Kilian Q. Weinberger, and Yoav Artzi. 2020. Bertscore: Evaluating text generation with bert. In International Conference on Learning Representations. Yifan Zhang, Giovanni Da San Martino, Alberto BarrónCedeno, Salvatore Romeo, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Todor Staykovski, Israa Jaradat, Georgi Karadzhov, Ramy Baly, et al. 2019b. Tanbih: Get to know what you are reading. EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019, page 223.

Mitigating Framing Bias with Polarity Minimization Loss: Limitations, Ethics Statement & References

পোলারিটি মিনিমাইজেশন লস সহ ফ্রেমিং বায়াস প্রশমিত করা: সীমাবদ্ধতা, নৈতিকতা বিবৃতি এবং উল্লেখ

Abmilderung des Framing Bias durch Polarity Minimization Loss: Einschränkungen, Ethikerklärung und Referenzen

Mitigar el sesgo de encuadre con pérdida de minimización de polaridad: limitaciones, declaración de ética y referencias

Atténuer les biais de cadrage grâce à la perte de minimisation de la polarité : limites, déclaration éthique et références

ध्रुवीयता न्यूनीकरण हानि के साथ फ़्रेमिंग पूर्वाग्रह को कम करना: सीमाएँ, नैतिकता कथन और संदर्भ

極性最小化損失によるフレーミングバイアスの緩和: 制限、倫理声明、参考文献

극성 최소화 손실로 프레이밍 편향 완화: 한계, 윤리 선언문 및 참고 자료

Mitigando o preconceito de enquadramento com perda de minimização de polaridade: limitações, declaração de ética e referências

Уменьшение смещения кадра с помощью минимизации потерь полярности: ограничения, заявление об этике и ссылки

Polarite Minimizasyon Kaybı ile Çerçeveleme Önyargısını Azaltma: Sınırlamalar, Etik Beyanı ve Referanslar

Giảm thiểu thành kiến trong khung với sự mất mát tối thiểu hóa phân cực: Hạn chế, Tuyên bố về đạo đức và tài liệu tham khảo

通过极性最小化损失减轻框架偏差：局限性、道德声明和参考文献

Characterizing Cable News Bias: Related Research You Should Know About

Integration with blockchain still remains a mystery for many engineers, even for those who might be familiar with it as end users. While smart contract development often attracts most of the attention and coverage in technical write-ups, developers are often left to their own devices when it comes to figuring out how to integrate blockchain technology with the rest of their application. The Casper Ecosystem thankfully offers solutions that eliminate  problems around getting started and deploying live dApps on Casper in one complementary product suite, making it one of the most developer-friendly blockchain ecosystems. Developed by MAKE and granted by Casper Association, CSPR.click, CSPR.cloud and CSPR.build address user interactions with the blockchain and provide tools to read and observe the network activity in real time. ** ** CSPR.click elegantly solves the end user authentication problem by welcoming users with a familiar-looking Single-Sign-On experience where they can connect to any Casper-enabled application using their preferred wallet. Users who are entirely new to the blockchain can enjoy a smooth onboarding experience by using self-custodial wallets linked to social logins, their email address or cell phone number. When it comes to being able to pay for contract calls, integration with multiple on-ramps guarantees that all users will be able to obtain tokens quickly and easily, regardless of their geographical region. Developers can quick-start their CSPR.click integration, and complete customization is also possible using the lower-level SDK. Mobile Casper Wallet is automatically supported, making your Casper-enabled application truly cross-platform out of the gate. Most developers, regardless of their prior experience with blockchain integrations, can bootstrap a functional front-end application with CSPR.click in a matter of minutes. REST APIs, WebSockets and Node RPC with CSPR.cloud Applications, including those integrated using CSPR.click, can rely on CSPR.cloud to observe on-chain activity on the Casper Network. CSPR.cloud is an enterprise-grade middleware platform that can be used separately from CSPR.click, and equips developers with highly available and scalable REST APIs that provide low-latency access to normalized and indexed blockchain data, fungible and non-fungible token activity, historical pricing data, and related off-chain metadata. Real-time WebSocket streams make it possible to granularly subscribe to the data you are interested in, allowing your application to react immediately whenever your smart contracts emit an event or when an on-chain entity you observe changes its state. Both the REST API and the Real-time WebSocket streams rely entirely on widely used internet standards, making it exceedingly easy to integrate with existing and new applications without the need to know or learn any new technologies. This unlocks Casper blockchain development to the tens of millions of software engineers at businesses and enterprises who’ve never  interacted with a blockchain before.  And for those applications that need direct access to the native Casper Node RPC API, CSPR.cloud provides a cache-enabled, high-performance and highly-available managed node infrastructure for maximally performant access without the associated overhead. Both CSPR.click and CSPR.cloud come with comprehensive documentation and examples. Developers can start building on the Casper network with CSPR.click and CSPR.cloud by registering on CSPR.build and generating their access keys for instant access. Casper is Solving Real World Problems For Builders In most environments, to be able to interact with smart contracts, end users must possess blockchain accounts with sufficient token balances to cover smart contract execution costs. Getting users through the process of creating and managing private and public keys, keeping their recovery phrases safe, as well as funding their accounts with tokens, already represents a serious UX challenge. And this corresponds to a significant bounce rate of new users, and lower retention of existing ones. For developers, the underlying technical integration with multiple crypto wallets and fiat on-ramps adds another layer of complexity, demanding considerable initial engineering effort and time, as well as ongoing maintenance and up-keep with ever- and rapidly evolving standards, regulatory constraints, APIs and SDKs of third party wallet and on-ramp providers. CSPR.click solves all this for application developers. Casper also helps developers address that smart contracts are executed on-chain asynchronously, i.e. the end user submits a transaction to the network, the transaction gets processed when a new block is created, and that results in a change of state. Applications must constantly monitor network activity to properly respond to the contract logic and any state changes it may produce that are relevant to their overall application. This requires not only an in-depth understanding of how the blockchain works but also a reliable and scalable infrastructure. While theoretically, the application can connect to any public node, in practice, the reliability of these nodes remains uncertain. A serious application or business will certainly not want to rely on just any public node, without assured redundancy, maintenance, uptime and disaster recovery processes in place, and without dedicated domain experts to ensure their application always runs smoothly. The suite of building tools in CSPR.build, CSPR.click and CSPR.cloud ensures developers do not have to worry about the integration process, and can exclusively focus on their creativity and core business. Build with Casper by registering on CSPR.build and generate your access keys for instant access. This story was distributed as a release by Btcwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. Integration with blockchain still remains a mystery for many engineers, even for those who might be familiar with it as end users. While smart contract development often attracts most of the attention and coverage in technical write-ups, developers are often left to their own devices when it comes to figuring out how to integrate blockchain technology with the rest of their application. The Casper Ecosystem thankfully offers solutions that eliminate  problems around getting started and deploying live dApps on Casper in one complementary product suite, making it one of the most developer-friendly blockchain ecosystems. Developed by MAKE and granted by Casper Association, CSPR.click, CSPR.cloud and CSPR.build address user interactions with the blockchain and provide tools to read and observe the network activity in real time. MAKE MAKE ** ** CSPR.click elegantly solves the end user authentication problem by welcoming users with a familiar-looking Single-Sign-On experience where they can connect to any Casper-enabled application using their preferred wallet. CSPR.click CSPR.click Users who are entirely new to the blockchain can enjoy a smooth onboarding experience by using self-custodial wallets linked to social logins, their email address or cell phone number. When it comes to being able to pay for contract calls, integration with multiple on-ramps guarantees that all users will be able to obtain tokens quickly and easily, regardless of their geographical region. Developers can quick-start their CSPR.click integration, and complete customization is also possible using the lower-level SDK . Mobile Casper Wallet is automatically supported, making your Casper-enabled application truly cross-platform out of the gate. Most developers, regardless of their prior experience with blockchain integrations, can bootstrap a functional front-end application with CSPR.click in a matter of minutes. quick-start quick-start lower-level SDK lower-level SDK REST APIs, WebSockets and Node RPC with CSPR.cloud Applications, including those integrated using CSPR.click, can rely on CSPR.cloud to observe on-chain activity on the Casper Network. CSPR.cloud is an enterprise-grade middleware platform that can be used separately from CSPR.click, and equips developers with highly available and scalable REST APIs that provide low-latency access to normalized and indexed blockchain data, fungible and non-fungible token activity, historical pricing data, and related off-chain metadata. CSPR.cloud CSPR.cloud REST APIs REST APIs Real-time WebSocket streams make it possible to granularly subscribe to the data you are interested in, allowing your application to react immediately whenever your smart contracts emit an event or when an on-chain entity you observe changes its state. Both the REST API and the Real-time WebSocket streams rely entirely on widely used internet standards, making it exceedingly easy to integrate with existing and new applications without the need to know or learn any new technologies. Real-time WebSocket streams Real-time WebSocket streams This unlocks Casper blockchain development to the tens of millions of software engineers at businesses and enterprises who’ve never  interacted with a blockchain before.  And for those applications that need direct access to the native Casper Node RPC API, CSPR.cloud provides a cache-enabled, high-performance and highly-available managed node infrastructure for maximally performant access without the associated overhead. node infrastructure node infrastructure Both CSPR.click and CSPR.cloud come with comprehensive documentation and examples. Developers can start building on the Casper network with CSPR.click and CSPR.cloud by registering on CSPR.build and generating their access keys for instant access. registering on CSPR.build registering on CSPR.build Casper is Solving Real World Problems For Builders In most environments, to be able to interact with smart contracts, end users must possess blockchain accounts with sufficient token balances to cover smart contract execution costs. Getting users through the process of creating and managing private and public keys, keeping their recovery phrases safe, as well as funding their accounts with tokens, already represents a serious UX challenge. And this corresponds to a significant bounce rate of new users, and lower retention of existing ones. For developers, the underlying technical integration with multiple crypto wallets and fiat on-ramps adds another layer of complexity, demanding considerable initial engineering effort and time, as well as ongoing maintenance and up-keep with ever- and rapidly evolving standards, regulatory constraints, APIs and SDKs of third party wallet and on-ramp providers. CSPR.click solves all this for application developers. Casper also helps developers address that smart contracts are executed on-chain asynchronously, i.e. the end user submits a transaction to the network, the transaction gets processed when a new block is created, and that results in a change of state. Applications must constantly monitor network activity to properly respond to the contract logic and any state changes it may produce that are relevant to their overall application. This requires not only an in-depth understanding of how the blockchain works but also a reliable and scalable infrastructure. While theoretically, the application can connect to any public node, in practice, the reliability of these nodes remains uncertain. A serious application or business will certainly not want to rely on just any public node, without assured redundancy, maintenance, uptime and disaster recovery processes in place, and without dedicated domain experts to ensure their application always runs smoothly. The suite of building tools in CSPR.build, CSPR.click and CSPR.cloud ensures developers do not have to worry about the integration process, and can exclusively focus on their creativity and core business. Build with Casper by registering on CSPR.build and generate your access keys for instant access. registering on CSPR.build registering on CSPR.build This story was distributed as a release by Btcwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. This story was distributed as a release by Btcwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here . here here

Casper Blockchain Lightning Fast dApp Deployment With The CSPR.build Suite

Linking New York and Dublin via a livestream video portal is actually a stroke of genius. The two cities, separated by an ocean, share elements of history and culture, making them seemingly obvious bedfellows in this artistic endeavor. Created by a Lithuanian artist, and backed by the local councils of both Dublin in Ireland and New York City, the project was designed to foster a unique digital connection and bridge the sea. And while it has done that admirably, the headlines have focused mainly on some of the NSFW behavior exhibited by some of the residents of each city. But while the new livestream portal between the two cities presented a mixed bag of very human behavior, it has also shown another way that technology can be used to bridge gaps. A spokesperson for the Dublin City Council said, “The overwhelming majority of interactions are positive. We have seen families and friends unite, dancing moves being shared as well as new friendships being made. There was even a successful marriage proposal.” And despite the fact that the New York/Dublin link has seen some slightly scandalous headlines, this isn’t actually the first portal. The first cross-city portal link was between Lublin in Poland and Vilnius in Lithuania and has widely been seen as a success. In fact, there are other portals planned soon, with another connection in Brazil, according to the Portals organization website. So far, cool idea - barring some very human issues. But could this be the start of a new way of using digital tools for connecting and communicating? Using Screens to Communicate We’ve all grown used to jumping on a Zoom call, sharing Insta updates, dropping some WhatsApp messages, and even, shock horror, maybe actually calling someone. But the livestream portal suggests that we don’t even need to schedule a call anymore - we could create our own little windows into the world. Mark McDermott, CEO of ScreenCloud, has long been espousing the benefits of connected screens. “We’ve grown used to seeing screens everywhere, often just selling us stuff, reminding us not to leave our luggage lying around or sometimes just blank with an input error message. But portals can be a really good way to use these screens to communicate in a more fluid manner.” As he says, there are a number of ways he sees the potential use cases for this type of technology. “Obviously New York and Dublin are two big global cities. But a portal can be used to connect anything from different business locations, college campuses, events. They could even add a connection for twinned cities - a similar approach to the New York/Dublin Livestream portal, but perhaps with less potential for scandal.” An example of this within a business setting could be using a live stream portal setup in the breakrooms of different branch offices. This then means that distant work colleagues could chat casually over the water cooler, even if they’re in different cities… The same opportunities could be used for school or college campuses, research centers, multi-site events, or government offices. And the opportunity to have an ad-hoc chat over a livestream portal screen could mean less wasted time on meetings that could have been emails. Something that many of us are all too familiar with… If this sounds like it could be tricky to build, create and manage, actually it’s more simple than you might think. Especially when you factor in low-cost hardware and affordable software solutions. Use Cases for Two-Way Live Streaming Live streams are obviously nothing new. Webcams have been around since the internet began, and we’ve seen various platforms adopt live streaming to Q&As and webinars, gaming, and sports events. But two-way live streaming could change elements of the workplace, customer service, how we interact with local government, and even our friends and families! While an open channel to discuss with work colleagues in different locations might seem obvious, another opportunity in customer service could be just as important. Especially in an era where AI is being used to replace human interaction. A two-way livestream could connect shoppers to customer support via a location within a store. Or citizens could attend political rallies, government consultations, or parliamentary sessions from provincial offices, without needing to make a trip to parliament. As Mark McDermott from ScreenCloud points out, “The use cases for creating two way live streaming portals are potentially endless. It could also be an incredible tool for cooperation across different departments or hubs. For example if you have your researchers in one location and product team in another, rather than scheduling daily or weekly meetings, a live portal could facilitate real time collaboration.” What Do You Need to Create a Livestream Portal? The technology linking a livestream portal is actually quite simple and readily available using consumer-grade tech. All you need is a screen on each side with a live streaming connection via a tool such as YouTube Live, Twitch, or Zoom. Those looking for a more solid and permanent stream could also use a tool such as Open Broadcaster Software, which is an open-source live streaming solution. It would then be a case of connecting these dual streams to your display, either via a local hard drive or using a cloud-based digital signage software to stream. Of course, the cloud-based option frees up space, as most modern TVs feature integrated casting. As far as screens go, the choice is as broad as you want it to be. Whether it’s a standard smart TV or an interactive video kiosk. If you’re creating a break room portal, for example, screens connecting two offices, an inexpensive LCD TV would be perfect. For a more public installation, for example in a campus foyer, or at a music festival, you’d need a more hardwearing piece of equipment such as an OLED video wall or freestanding digital signage screen. But the portal has opened up a new way of thinking about how screens communicate. Where will they pop up next? Linking New York and Dublin via a livestream video portal is actually a stroke of genius. The two cities, separated by an ocean, share elements of history and culture, making them seemingly obvious bedfellows in this artistic endeavor. livestream video portal livestream video portal Created by a Lithuanian artist, and backed by the local councils of both Dublin in Ireland and New York City, the project was designed to foster a unique digital connection and bridge the sea. And while it has done that admirably, the headlines have focused mainly on some of the NSFW behavior exhibited by some of the residents of each city. But while the new livestream portal between the two cities presented a mixed bag of very human behavior, it has also shown another way that technology can be used to bridge gaps. A spokesperson for the Dublin City Council said, “The overwhelming majority of interactions are positive. We have seen families and friends unite, dancing moves being shared as well as new friendships being made. There was even a successful marriage proposal.” And despite the fact that the New York/Dublin link has seen some slightly scandalous headlines, this isn’t actually the first portal. The first cross-city portal link was between Lublin in Poland and Vilnius in Lithuania and has widely been seen as a success. Vilnius in Lithuania Vilnius in Lithuania In fact, there are other portals planned soon, with another connection in Brazil, according to the Portals organization website. Portals organization Portals organization So far, cool idea - barring some very human issues. But could this be the start of a new way of using digital tools for connecting and communicating? Using Screens to Communicate We’ve all grown used to jumping on a Zoom call, sharing Insta updates, dropping some WhatsApp messages, and even, shock horror, maybe actually calling someone. But the livestream portal suggests that we don’t even need to schedule a call anymore - we could create our own little windows into the world. Mark McDermott, CEO of ScreenCloud , has long been espousing the benefits of connected screens. ScreenCloud ScreenCloud “We’ve grown used to seeing screens everywhere, often just selling us stuff, reminding us not to leave our luggage lying around or sometimes just blank with an input error message. But portals can be a really good way to use these screens to communicate in a more fluid manner.” As he says, there are a number of ways he sees the potential use cases for this type of technology. “Obviously New York and Dublin are two big global cities. But a portal can be used to connect anything from different business locations, college campuses, events. They could even add a connection for twinned cities - a similar approach to the New York/Dublin Livestream portal, but perhaps with less potential for scandal.” An example of this within a business setting could be using a live stream portal setup in the breakrooms of different branch offices. This then means that distant work colleagues could chat casually over the water cooler, even if they’re in different cities… The same opportunities could be used for school or college campuses, research centers, multi-site events, or government offices. And the opportunity to have an ad-hoc chat over a livestream portal screen could mean less wasted time on meetings that could have been emails. Something that many of us are all too familiar with… If this sounds like it could be tricky to build, create and manage, actually it’s more simple than you might think. Especially when you factor in low-cost hardware and affordable software solutions. Use Cases for Two-Way Live Streaming Live streams are obviously nothing new. Webcams have been around since the internet began, and we’ve seen various platforms adopt live streaming to Q&As and webinars, gaming, and sports events. But two-way live streaming could change elements of the workplace, customer service, how we interact with local government, and even our friends and families! While an open channel to discuss with work colleagues in different locations might seem obvious, another opportunity in customer service could be just as important. Especially in an era where AI is being used to replace human interaction. A two-way livestream could connect shoppers to customer support via a location within a store. Or citizens could attend political rallies, government consultations, or parliamentary sessions from provincial offices, without needing to make a trip to parliament. As Mark McDermott from ScreenCloud points out, “The use cases for creating two way live streaming portals are potentially endless. It could also be an incredible tool for cooperation across different departments or hubs. For example if you have your researchers in one location and product team in another, rather than scheduling daily or weekly meetings, a live portal could facilitate real time collaboration.” What Do You Need to Create a Livestream Portal? The technology linking a livestream portal is actually quite simple and readily available using consumer-grade tech. All you need is a screen on each side with a live streaming connection via a tool such as YouTube Live, Twitch, or Zoom. Those looking for a more solid and permanent stream could also use a tool such as Open Broadcaster Software , which is an open-source live streaming solution. Open Broadcaster Software Open Broadcaster Software It would then be a case of connecting these dual streams to your display, either via a local hard drive or using a cloud-based digital signage software to stream. Of course, the cloud-based option frees up space, as most modern TVs feature integrated casting. As far as screens go, the choice is as broad as you want it to be. Whether it’s a standard smart TV or an interactive video kiosk. If you’re creating a break room portal, for example, screens connecting two offices, an inexpensive LCD TV would be perfect. For a more public installation, for example in a campus foyer, or at a music festival, you’d need a more hardwearing piece of equipment such as an OLED video wall or freestanding digital signage screen. But the portal has opened up a new way of thinking about how screens communicate. Where will they pop up next?

Why the New York-Dublin Portal Marks a New Era in Communication 

What if I told you that the next big app idea could come from someone who barely knows how to code? Yes, this is true. Introducing citizen development - the revolutionary technology that puts software creation into the hands of those who do not have technical backgrounds. It means citizen development is a business process that encourages non-IT-trained employees to become software developers, using IT-sanctioned low-code/no-code (LCNC) platforms to create business applications. As a coding geek, I've seen a lot of industry trends come and go. But citizen development? This is a remarkable innovation that is revolutionizing the software industry. Want to know more about it? Let's break down what citizen development is, why it's important, and how it can benefit your business. What Is Citizen Development? Imagine being able to create your own apps without needing to learn complicated coding languages. That's exactly what citizen development is all about! In the past, building software was something only professional developers and tech experts could do. It was like having a secret language that only they understood. But with citizen development, that's all changing. Citizen development refers to the practice of enabling non-professional developers, such as business users or employees with limited technical backgrounds, to create, modify, or customize applications and software solutions using low-code or no-code development platforms and tools. It’s platforms typically provide a visual, drag-and-drop interface, pre-built components, and simple logic builders. It allows users with minimal coding experience to create applications by assembling and configuring these components. Citizen development uses simple, visual tools that anyone can pick up and use to build apps. Things like drag-and-drop interfaces, pre-made building blocks, and straightforward logic tools. It takes all the head-scratching complexity out of coding and makes it accessible to ordinary people like you and me. So, whether you're a marketing whiz, a business operations guru, or just someone with a great idea, you can now create custom apps tailored precisely to your needs. No more trying to explain your vision to developers and hoping they understand – you're in charge of making it a reality yourself. It lets you bring your ideas to life with just a few taps and clicks. You can whip up prototypes in no time, get feedback, make tweaks, and keep refining until your app is perfect. No more waiting months for the over-extended tech team. The best part? You don't need to be a tech genius or memorize any mind-bending code. Citizen development platforms are designed for non-technical, everyday people. If you can use apps on your phone, you've got what it takes to be an app maker. In the past, only a select few could create software. But now, thanks to citizen development, that power is open to everyone. So, get ready to unleash your inner app wizard! Why Citizen Development? As a programmer myself, I know the struggle can be real for IT departments. They're constantly bombarded with requests for new applications, each tailored to a specific department's needs. This backlog can leave businesses waiting for months, even years, for the tools they need to thrive. Citizen development cuts through that red tape. By equipping non-technical employees with user-friendly tools, we can empower them to build simple applications that address their day-to-day challenges. Imagine the marketing team creating a targeted campaign app, or the sales team whipping up a custom lead management tool. The possibilities are endless! Here, I am going to share some key reasons why citizen development is gaining traction: Faster Innovation: Citizen developers can build and iterate on applications quickly, allowing businesses to adapt to changing needs and market trends. Improved Efficiency: By automating routine tasks and streamlining workflows, citizen development frees up valuable time for both IT teams and employees. Enhanced User Experience: Who knows a department's needs better than the people who work in it? Citizen developers can create applications that perfectly match their specific workflows and pain points. Reduced Development Costs:  Low-code/no-code platforms often require fewer resources compared to traditional development methods, leading to significant cost savings. Increased Employee Engagement: Citizen development empowers employees and fosters a sense of ownership over the tools they use, leading to higher job satisfaction and motivation. Improved Agility: Businesses can respond to changing market dynamics faster with the ability to quickly build and deploy custom applications. So, Can You Become a Citizen Developer? Yes, citizen development is accessible to almost anyone. If you're comfortable using spreadsheets or basic software, you have the potential to be a citizen developer. The user-friendly nature of low-code/no-code platforms makes it easier than ever for non-technical users to jump in and start building. In the meantime, let me know your thoughts on citizen development. Is it a trend you're excited about? If you have any questions, let's get the conversation flowing! What if I told you that the next big app idea could come from someone who barely knows how to code? Yes, this is true. Introducing citizen development - the revolutionary technology that puts software creation into the hands of those who do not have technical backgrounds. It means citizen development is a business process that encourages non-IT-trained employees to become software developers, using IT-sanctioned low-code/no-code (LCNC) platforms to create business applications. citizen development low-code/no-code (LCNC) platforms As a coding geek, I've seen a lot of industry trends come and go. But citizen development? This is a remarkable innovation that is revolutionizing the software industry. Want to know more about it? Let's break down what citizen development is, why it's important, and how it can benefit your business. What Is Citizen Development? Imagine being able to create your own apps without needing to learn complicated coding languages. That's exactly what citizen development is all about! In the past, building software was something only professional developers and tech experts could do. It was like having a secret language that only they understood. But with citizen development, that's all changing. Citizen development refers to the practice of enabling non-professional developers, such as business users or employees with limited technical backgrounds, to create, modify, or customize applications and software solutions using low-code or no-code development platforms and tools. It’s platforms typically provide a visual, drag-and-drop interface, pre-built components, and simple logic builders. It allows users with minimal coding experience to create applications by assembling and configuring these components. Citizen development refers to the practice of enabling non-professional developers, such as business users or employees with limited technical backgrounds, to create, modify, or customize applications and software solutions using low-code or no-code development platforms and tools. It’s platforms typically provide a visual, drag-and-drop interface, pre-built components, and simple logic builders. It allows users with minimal coding experience to create applications by assembling and configuring these components. Citizen development uses simple, visual tools that anyone can pick up and use to build apps. Things like drag-and-drop interfaces, pre-made building blocks, and straightforward logic tools. It takes all the head-scratching complexity out of coding and makes it accessible to ordinary people like you and me. So, whether you're a marketing whiz, a business operations guru, or just someone with a great idea, you can now create custom apps tailored precisely to your needs. No more trying to explain your vision to developers and hoping they understand – you're in charge of making it a reality yourself. It lets you bring your ideas to life with just a few taps and clicks. You can whip up prototypes in no time, get feedback, make tweaks, and keep refining until your app is perfect. No more waiting months for the over-extended tech team. The best part? You don't need to be a tech genius or memorize any mind-bending code. Citizen development platforms are designed for non-technical, everyday people. If you can use apps on your phone, you've got what it takes to be an app maker. In the past, only a select few could create software. But now, thanks to citizen development, that power is open to everyone. So, get ready to unleash your inner app wizard! Why Citizen Development? As a programmer myself, I know the struggle can be real for IT departments. They're constantly bombarded with requests for new applications, each tailored to a specific department's needs. This backlog can leave businesses waiting for months, even years, for the tools they need to thrive. Citizen development cuts through that red tape. By equipping non-technical employees with user-friendly tools, we can empower them to build simple applications that address their day-to-day challenges. Imagine the marketing team creating a targeted campaign app, or the sales team whipping up a custom lead management tool. The possibilities are endless! Here, I am going to share some key reasons why citizen development is gaining traction: Faster Innovation: Citizen developers can build and iterate on applications quickly, allowing businesses to adapt to changing needs and market trends. Faster Innovation: Citizen developers can build and iterate on applications quickly, allowing businesses to adapt to changing needs and market trends. Faster Innovation: Improved Efficiency: By automating routine tasks and streamlining workflows, citizen development frees up valuable time for both IT teams and employees. Improved Efficiency: By automating routine tasks and streamlining workflows, citizen development frees up valuable time for both IT teams and employees. Improved Efficiency: Enhanced User Experience: Who knows a department's needs better than the people who work in it? Citizen developers can create applications that perfectly match their specific workflows and pain points. Enhanced User Experience: Who knows a department's needs better than the people who work in it? Citizen developers can create applications that perfectly match their specific workflows and pain points. Enhanced User Experience: Reduced Development Costs:  Low-code/no-code platforms often require fewer resources compared to traditional development methods, leading to significant cost savings. Reduced Development Costs: Low-code/no-code platforms often require fewer resources compared to traditional development methods, leading to significant cost savings. Reduced Development Costs: Increased Employee Engagement: Citizen development empowers employees and fosters a sense of ownership over the tools they use, leading to higher job satisfaction and motivation. Increased Employee Engagement: Citizen development empowers employees and fosters a sense of ownership over the tools they use, leading to higher job satisfaction and motivation. Increased Employee Engagement: Improved Agility: Businesses can respond to changing market dynamics faster with the ability to quickly build and deploy custom applications. Improved Agility: Businesses can respond to changing market dynamics faster with the ability to quickly build and deploy custom applications. Improved Agility: So, Can You Become a Citizen Developer? Yes, citizen development is accessible to almost anyone. If you're comfortable using spreadsheets or basic software, you have the potential to be a citizen developer. The user-friendly nature of low-code/no-code platforms makes it easier than ever for non-technical users to jump in and start building. In the meantime, let me know your thoughts on citizen development. Is it a trend you're excited about? If you have any questions, let's get the conversation flowing!

What Citizen Development Is, Why It's Important, and How It Can Benefit Your Business

Optimizing Data Center Efficiency: A Deep Dive into Freecooling Techniques

So, you're itching to publish a story on HackerNoon but feeling a bit lost? Don't fret! We've put together this step-by-step guide with all the information you'll need to go from draft to top story in no time. Let's dive in! TL:DR To Submit a story to HackerNoon, please follow the Below Checklist: Log in to Hacker Noon via Hackernoon.com/login. If you’re struggling to create an account at HackerNoon, read this blog post or visit our help page.
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You will then receive an email to confirm that we have received your submission.
A Staff Editor should review within 3 business days..ish. See full guidelines here.
If accepted, we’ll distribute, distribute, and distribute your tech story. See how we distribute things here. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5p0nUvIZ6A&embedable=true Writers meet the draft page! Let's set the scene: you've been an avid reader of HackerNoon for some time now and finally decided it's time to share your own content here. So you hit the "Start Writing" button sitting at the top right corner of your screen. Boom! It's writing time - and here's what you'll find on our editor 3.0: If you’re looking to import a story, learn more here, and consult our republishing guidelines here. 1. Titles When crafting your new story in our editor, you've got two choices for titles: you can either come up with your own or let our system generate suggestions for you. To enter your own title, simply type it into the designated space and use our auto-capitalization feature to ensure proper formatting—click the robot icon to toggle this feature on or off. If you're feeling stuck, click the lightbulb icon for a suggestion. Just make sure your text body contains enough content for our system to detect the story's theme, and ensure the title space is empty before clicking "generate headline". Once you've added your title, your draft will be automatically saved, so remember to include some text. Remember, your title should accurately reflect the essence of your story and include relevant keywords to help readers discover it. Learn more here. 2. Formatting Features In our editor, you've got all the tools at your fingertips to format your text just how you want it: bold, overline, underline, lists, links, headlines, quotes, code, and more. To do so select your text and choose your desired options. Alternatively, you can click the + button on the left of your text line and pick an option from the list, which contains some options seen above and others like tables, images, links, dividers, info notices, and more. Here’s how it looks: 3. Embeds There are three main things you can embed in your story: images, videos, and links. Starting with images, you've got a range of choices: import from your device, import an image from a URL, grab one from an image bank, embed a GIF, or generate an AI image. Simply choose your preferred option, and voila! Your image will appear in your draft. When it comes to videos, you've can import them as you would images or embed YouTube links. Click the + button, navigate to the link option, paste your URL, and hit enter. Then, you'll encounter a prompt asking if you want to embed the link. For YouTube videos, you'll have the choice to add just the video, the transcription, or both - it will look something like this: Lastly, links: it’s very similar to embedding YouTube videos, except you can link stories, code, and other external sources. Here’s how: Embedding also extends to Twitter/X threads. Onto The Story Settings Now that you have the gist of what you can do with your copy on our editor, here’s the rundown on the story settings fields you’ll need to fill out before submitting the story for editorial review: Add all of your story’s 8 tags: Tags help Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo, and friends find your content, to serve it to users searching for those terms. Plus, tags help HackerNoon distribute your content to top trafficked pages, as well as the most subscribed tags via our customizable newsletter, The Tech Brief. 2. Open Story Settings: At the top of your story settings you’ll see the number of words written - check this before submitting. One of our editorial guidelines stipulates a minimum word count for publication eligibility. Upload a featured image: Choose one from your device, explore image banks, and GIFs, or ask AI to create a new one. Customize how you want comments managed for your story: Decide whether you want them to undergo editorial review or be approved instantly.
Add your metadescription: Help web crawlers to index and humans to read
Craft a TL:DR: type between 300 and 500 characters or have our AI generate a TL:DR for you Pick Emoji Credibility Indicators: These indicators help you provide additional information relating to your story, giving readers more context.
Is your story original? If it's a republication, hit "No" and drop the URL where it first went live; if it's fresh content, just tap "Yes". When in doubt, consult our republishing guidelines here. Once you've wrapped up all these steps, keep an eye out for a button that pops up at the bottom prompting you to "Submit Your Story for Review!" If you're feeling good about your story, just give it a click. Soon after, you'll get an email confirming that we've received your submission. A Staff Editor should review it within 3 business days..ish, and if accepted, we’ll distribute, distribute, and distribute your tech story. NEW! On your draft, you’ll see the Submit Story button left in three different places:

At the bottom of your story settings
At the top corner of your screen
At the bottom right corner of your screen

Once you select the checkbox that matches your story's originality, these buttons will become active. Additional tools In the story settings, you'll find some extra goodies! You can whip up sticky notes and shoot a message to an editor for some writing support. Check out how it looks below: And there you have it! You're now equipped with the tools to transition from draft to publication - no reason not to hit that submit button and share your work with the world! So, you're itching to publish a story on HackerNoon but feeling a bit lost? Don't fret! We've put together this step-by-step guide with all the information you'll need to go from draft to top story in no time. Let's dive in! from draft to top story TL:DR To Submit a story to HackerNoon, please follow the Below Checklist: To Submit a story to HackerNoon, please follow the Below Checklist: Log in to Hacker Noon via Hackernoon.com/login. If you’re struggling to create an account at HackerNoon, read this blog post or visit our help page. Click on Start Writing to the left of your thumbnail (or go directly there). Write or upload a great tech story - detailed instructions for editor 3.0 here. Click Story Settings in the upper right-hand corner. Enter 8 tags (guideline). Upload a feature image (guideline). Enter your meta tag so search engines can easily find you (guideline). Confirm that you have the rights to submit the content and that all vested interests of companies mentioned in the story have been disclosed. Select Submit Story for Review. You will then receive an email to confirm that we have received your submission. A Staff Editor should review within 3 business days..ish. See full guidelines here. If accepted, we’ll distribute, distribute, and distribute your tech story. See how we distribute things here. Log in to Hacker Noon via Hackernoon.com/login . If you’re struggling to create an account at HackerNoon, read this blog post or visit our help page . Hackernoon.com/login read this blog post help page Click on Start Writing to the left of your thumbnail (or go directly there ). there Write or upload a great tech story - detailed instructions for editor 3.0 here . upload a great tech story here Click Story Settings in the upper right-hand corner. Enter 8 tags ( guideline ). guideline Upload a feature image ( guideline ). guideline Enter your meta tag so search engines can easily find you ( guideline ). guideline Confirm that you have the rights to submit the content and that all vested interests of companies mentioned in the story have been disclosed. Select Submit Story for Review. You will then receive an email to confirm that we have received your submission. A Staff Editor should review within 3 business days..ish. See full guidelines here . here If accepted, we’ll distribute, distribute, and distribute your tech story. See how we distribute things here . here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5p0nUvIZ6A&embedable=true https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5p0nUvIZ6A&embedable=true Writers meet the draft page! Writers meet the draft page! Let's set the scene: you've been an avid reader of HackerNoon for some time now and finally decided it's time to share your own content here. So you hit the "Start Writing" button sitting at the top right corner of your screen. Boom! It's writing time - and here's what you'll find on our editor 3.0 : editor 3.0 If you’re looking to import a story, learn more here, and consult our republishing guidelines here. If you’re looking to import a story, learn more here , and consult our republishing guidelines here . learn more here here 1. Titles Titles When crafting your new story in our editor, you've got two choices for titles: you can either come up with your own or let our system generate suggestions for you. To enter your own title, simply type it into the designated space and use our auto-capitalization feature to ensure proper formatting—click the robot icon to toggle this feature on or off. If you're feeling stuck, click the lightbulb icon for a suggestion. Just make sure your text body contains enough content for our system to detect the story's theme, and ensure the title space is empty before clicking " generate headline ". generate headline Once you've added your title, your draft will be automatically saved, so remember to include some text. Remember, your title should accurately reflect the essence of your story and include relevant keywords to help readers discover it. Learn more here. Remember, your title should accurately reflect the essence of your story and include relevant keywords to help readers discover it. Learn more here . here 2. Formatting Features In our editor, you've got all the tools at your fingertips to format your text just how you want it: bold, overline, underline, lists, links, headlines , quotes , code , and more. To do so select your text and choose your desired options. format your text headlines quotes code Alternatively, you can click the + button on the left of your text line and pick an option from the list, which contains some options seen above and others like tables, images, links, dividers, info notices, and more. Here’s how it looks: 3. Embeds There are three main things you can embed in your story: images, videos , and links. videos Starting with images, you've got a range of choices: import from your device, import an image from a URL, grab one from an image bank, embed a GIF , or generate an AI image . Simply choose your preferred option, and voila! Your image will appear in your draft. embed a GIF generate an AI image When it comes to videos, you've can import them as you would images or embed YouTube links . Click the + button , navigate to the link option, paste your URL, and hit enter. Then, you'll encounter a prompt asking if you want to embed the link. For YouTube videos, you'll have the choice to add just the video, the transcription, or both - it will look something like this: embed YouTube links + button Lastly, links: it’s very similar to embedding YouTube videos, except you can link stories, code, and other external sources . Here’s how: link stories, code, and other external sources Embedding also extends to Twitter/X threads. Embedding also extends to Twitter/X threads . Twitter/X threads Onto The Story Settings Now that you have the gist of what you can do with your copy on our editor, here’s the rundown on the story settings fields you’ll need to fill out before submitting the story for editorial review: Add all of your story’s 8 tags: Tags help Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo, and friends find your content, to serve it to users searching for those terms. Plus, tags help HackerNoon distribute your content to top trafficked pages, as well as the most subscribed tags via our customizable newsletter, The Tech Brief. Add all of your story’s 8 tags: Tags help Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo, and friends find your content, to serve it to users searching for those terms. Plus, tags help HackerNoon distribute your content to top trafficked pages, as well as the most subscribed tags via our customizable newsletter, The Tech Brief. Add all of your story’s 8 tags: Tags help Google , Bing , DuckDuckGo , and friends find your content, to serve it to users searching for those terms. Plus, tags help HackerNoon distribute your content to top trafficked pages, as well as the most subscribed tags via our customizable newsletter, The Tech Brief. Add all of your story’s 8 tags : Add all of your story’s 8 tags Google Bing DuckDuckGo 2. Open Story Settings : At the top of your story settings you’ll see the number of words written - check this before submitting. One of our editorial guidelines stipulates a minimum word count for publication eligibility. Open Story Settings editorial guidelines Upload a featured image: Choose one from your device, explore image banks, and GIFs, or ask AI to create a new one. Upload a featured image: Choose one from your device, explore image banks, and GIFs, or ask AI to create a new one. Upload a featured image: Customize how you want comments managed for your story: Decide whether you want them to undergo editorial review or be approved instantly. Add your metadescription: Help web crawlers to index and humans to read Craft a TL:DR: type between 300 and 500 characters or have our AI generate a TL:DR for you Customize how you want comments managed for your story: Decide whether you want them to undergo editorial review or be approved instantly. Customize how you want comments managed for your story: Customize how you want comments managed for your story: Add your metadescription: Help web crawlers to index and humans to read Add your metadescription : Add your metadescription Craft a TL:DR: type between 300 and 500 characters or have our AI generate a TL:DR for you Craft a TL:DR: Pick Emoji Credibility Indicators: These indicators help you provide additional information relating to your story, giving readers more context. Is your story original? If it's a republication, hit "No" and drop the URL where it first went live; if it's fresh content, just tap "Yes". When in doubt, consult our republishing guidelines here. Pick Emoji Credibility Indicators: These indicators help you provide additional information relating to your story, giving readers more context. Pick Emoji Credibility Indicators : Pick Emoji Credibility Indicators Is your story original? If it's a republication, hit "No" and drop the URL where it first went live; if it's fresh content, just tap "Yes". When in doubt, consult our republishing guidelines here . Is your story original? here Once you've wrapped up all these steps, keep an eye out for a button that pops up at the bottom prompting you to " Submit Your Story for Review! " If you're feeling good about your story, just give it a click. Soon after, you'll get an email confirming that we've received your submission. A Staff Editor should review it within 3 business days..ish, and if accepted, we’ll distribute, distribute, and distribute your tech story. Submit Your Story for Review! NEW! On your draft, you’ll see the Submit Story button left in three different places: At the bottom of your story settings
At the top corner of your screen
At the bottom right corner of your screen Once you select the checkbox that matches your story's originality, these buttons will become active. NEW! On your draft, you’ll see the Submit Story button left in three different places: Submit Story At the bottom of your story settings At the top corner of your screen At the bottom right corner of your screen At the bottom of your story settings At the top corner of your screen At the bottom right corner of your screen Once you select the checkbox that matches your story's originality, these buttons will become active. Additional tools In the story settings, you'll find some extra goodies! You can whip up sticky notes and shoot a message to an editor for some writing support. Check out how it looks below: And there you have it! You're now equipped with the tools to transition from draft to publication - no reason not to hit that submit button and share your work with the world!

From Desk to HackerNoon: Your Ultimate Guide on How to Publish a Story

ডেস্ক থেকে হ্যাকারনুন পর্যন্ত: কীভাবে একটি গল্প প্রকাশ করবেন তার চূড়ান্ত গাইড

Vom Schreibtisch zum HackerNoon: Ihr ultimativer Leitfaden zum Veröffentlichen einer Story

Del escritorio a HackerNoon: su guía definitiva sobre cómo publicar una historia

Du bureau à HackerNoon : votre guide ultime sur la façon de publier une histoire

डेस्क से हैकरनून तक: कहानी प्रकाशित करने के बारे में आपकी अंतिम मार्गदर्शिका

デスクから HackerNoon へ: ストーリーを公開するための究極のガイド

데스크에서 HackerNoon까지: 스토리 게시 방법에 대한 최고의 가이드

From Desk to HackerNoon: seu guia definitivo sobre como publicar uma história

От стола до HackerNoon: ваше полное руководство о том, как опубликовать историю

Masadan HackerNoon'a: Bir Hikayenin Nasıl Yayınlanacağına İlişkin Temel Kılavuzunuz

Từ bàn làm việc đến HackerNoon: Hướng dẫn cơ bản về cách xuất bản một câu chuyện

从办公桌到 HackerNoon：如何发布故事的终极指南

You can jump to any part of the United States International Cyberspace & Digital Policy Strategy here. This part is 15 of 38. Line of Effort 4: Pursue Shared Interests in the Development, Use, Resilience, and Security of Satellite Communication Networks Satellite communications remain a vital capability for connecting the world and delivering global access to information. Geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites have served this mission for decades and will continue to do so for decades to come. Newly deployed satellite technologies, including low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites, are increasingly important to the United States, its allies, and partners as we work to connect the unconnected. The distributed nature of proliferated satellite constellations offers resilience, and LEO satellite communication services can increasingly be deployed rapidly to cover disaster or conflict zones. Moreover, the ability of LEO satellite services to bring broadband communications to almost every inch of the planet raises the possibility of expanding Internet access in a rights-respecting manner, closing the digital divide, and advancing UN Sustainable Development Goals. U.S. firms lead in the development and deployment of GEO and LEO satellite communication services, but other countries, including our strategic competitors, are investing in new technology capacities. The PRC is planning a constellation of about 13,000 satellites, with a clear government mandate and significant financial subsidies. Some states, concerned that LEO satellite capabilities will undermine their ability to control information flows, are raising market access barriers, such as setting stringent domestic equipment requirements or forbidding foreign ownership. Some governments and non-government stakeholders have also raised concerns in multilateral bodies about increased space debris, interference with astronomy, increased cases of radio frequency interference among LEO satellites or from LEO to GEO satellites, and other potential negative impacts of LEO satellite networks. Some countries, although they are interested in the connectivity benefits LEO satellite systems could bring, are unfamiliar with the systems and lack effective regimes to support market entry and licensing. In addition, space systems and assets introduce vulnerabilities to U.S. and allies’ critical infrastructure that our adversaries are willing to exploit. The Department of State will cooperate with partners and allies to pursue shared interests in the development, use, resilience, and security of LEO satellite systems. The Department of State will work to expand global access to secure services through the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), remove barriers to LEO satellite system providers, and increase multilateral assistance for satellite services for underserved areas. The Department of State, along with other agencies, will also facilitate international cooperation on research and development in LEO satellites. The United States will also promote norms, guidelines, and best practices, including the development of licensing and regulatory regimes, for the secure, safe, and sustainable use of LEO satellites, as well as work with allies and partners on enhancing space cybersecurity and critical infrastructure resilience and security. Continue Reading Here. This post was originally published on May 6, 2024, by the U.S Department of State You can jump to any part of the United States International Cyberspace & Digital Policy Strategy here. This part is 15 of 38. You can jump to any part of the United States International Cyberspace & Digital Policy Strategy here . This part is 15 of 38. here Line of Effort 4: Pursue Shared Interests in the Development, Use, Resilience, and Security of Satellite Communication Networks Satellite communications remain a vital capability for connecting the world and delivering global access to information. Geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites have served this mission for decades and will continue to do so for decades to come. Newly deployed satellite technologies, including low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites, are increasingly important to the United States, its allies, and partners as we work to connect the unconnected. The distributed nature of proliferated satellite constellations offers resilience, and LEO satellite communication services can increasingly be deployed rapidly to cover disaster or conflict zones. Moreover, the ability of LEO satellite services to bring broadband communications to almost every inch of the planet raises the possibility of expanding Internet access in a rights-respecting manner, closing the digital divide, and advancing UN Sustainable Development Goals. U.S. firms lead in the development and deployment of GEO and LEO satellite communication services, but other countries, including our strategic competitors, are investing in new technology capacities. The PRC is planning a constellation of about 13,000 satellites, with a clear government mandate and significant financial subsidies. Some states, concerned that LEO satellite capabilities will undermine their ability to control information flows, are raising market access barriers, such as setting stringent domestic equipment requirements or forbidding foreign ownership. Some governments and non-government stakeholders have also raised concerns in multilateral bodies about increased space debris, interference with astronomy, increased cases of radio frequency interference among LEO satellites or from LEO to GEO satellites, and other potential negative impacts of LEO satellite networks. Some countries, although they are interested in the connectivity benefits LEO satellite systems could bring, are unfamiliar with the systems and lack effective regimes to support market entry and licensing. In addition, space systems and assets introduce vulnerabilities to U.S. and allies’ critical infrastructure that our adversaries are willing to exploit. The Department of State will cooperate with partners and allies to pursue shared interests in the development, use, resilience, and security of LEO satellite systems. The Department of State will work to expand global access to secure services through the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), remove barriers to LEO satellite system providers, and increase multilateral assistance for satellite services for underserved areas. The Department of State, along with other agencies, will also facilitate international cooperation on research and development in LEO satellites. The United States will also promote norms, guidelines, and best practices, including the development of licensing and regulatory regimes, for the secure, safe, and sustainable use of LEO satellites, as well as work with allies and partners on enhancing space cybersecurity and critical infrastructure resilience and security. Continue Reading Here. Continue Reading Here . Here This post was originally published on May 6, 2024, by the U.S Department of State This post was originally published on May 6, 2024, by the U.S Department of State by the U.S Department of State

Optimizing Satellite Communication: Ensuring Security and Accessibility for Global Connectivity

You can jump to any part of the United States International Cyberspace & Digital Policy Strategy here. This part is 12 of 38. Line of Effort 1: Promote Development and Adoption of Open, Inclusive, Secure, and Resilient Telecommunication Networks 5G applications are rapidly evolving—expanding digital connectivity in new ways and creating new cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Telecommunication networks should be built using products from trusted suppliers that operate, and have supply chain partners that operate, primarily in countries that respect rights through consistent application of the law through an independent judiciary, in accordance with the principles reflected in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Declaration on Government Access to Personal Data Held by Private Sector Entities. Telecommunications networks should not be built using products from suppliers subject to the control or influence of an authoritarian regime, and without meaningful, independent checks and balances or judicial recourse against government demands. International 5G-related principles, such as the Prague Proposals on 5G Security and Prague Proposals on Telecommunications Supplier Diversity, support market competitiveness and the diversity of trusted 5G equipment vendors. These efforts also extend to the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment’s Digital Infrastructure pillar. Recognizing that cost is often the primary driving factor in ICT procurements, the United States is supporting governments, middle-mile internet infrastructure providers, and Internet service providers to develop greater competition and diversity in telecommunications supply chains, particularly through the Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership (DCCP). DCCP is a whole-of-government effort, led by the Department of State, to provide capacity building, technical assistance, and project design and financing in support of an open Internet and enhanced cybersecurity. In addition, the CHIPS and Science Act allocated $500 million to the International Technology Security and Innovation (ITSI) Fund for the Department of State to support the development and adoption of secure semiconductor supply chains and telecommunications networks. The United States will use this funding to continue to work with partners to put in place policy and regulatory frameworks for secure ICT ecosystems and to level the playing field for secure and trustworthy vendors. Along with helping build secure networks, digital solidarity is also expressed through efforts to build digital infrastructure that promotes competition, advances consumer choice, and puts communities and individuals in charge of their digital lives and resources. Recognizing the need to attract capital and de-risk potential digital infrastructure investment, USAID—with funding from DCCP—launched a blended finance program called Digital Invest that partners with fund managers and project developers to expand access to Internet connectivity and digital financial services in emerging markets worldwide. To date, Digital Invest’s 13 partners have leveraged an initial $8.45 million in Department of State and USAID funding to raise over $300 million in investment capital for digital finance and Internet service providers in emerging markets that use secure network equipment, catalyzing an additional $1.15 billion in follow-on funding from third-party investors. U.S. foreign assistance programs will also increase competition in the market and promote telecommunications supplier diversity by advancing the development of open and interoperable interfaces and protocols, such as Open Radio Access Networks (Open RAN). This open network architecture eases the ability for new suppliers to enter the market, lowers costs for deployment, and speeds innovation. Open RAN presents opportunities for emerging economies to participate directly in the supply chain, such as through local assembly and software development. Just as important, Open RAN offers alternatives for the reliance on technology from untrusted vendors. As a result, the Department of State will continue to support efforts such as funding commercial trials, feasibility studies, reverse trade missions, and workforce education and awareness activities that promote Open RAN. The United States will continue collaborating with the governments of Australia, Canada, Japan, and the United Kingdom on telecommunications supply chain diversification and related issues through the Global Coalition on Telecommunications, launched in October 2023. Working with other governments and the private sector, the United States is also preparing for a new wave of innovation. Within the next decade, 6G will within the next decade bring even higher speeds, larger capacity, and lower latency to wireless communication. Building open and interoperable network architectures such as Open RAN into 6G development from the beginning will help ensure supplier diversity and supply chain resilience. In February 2024, the United States—with Australia, Canada, the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Sweden, and the United Kingdom—endorsed shared principles for the research and development of 6G wireless communication systems. Continue Reading Here. This post was originally published on May 6, 2024, by the U.S Department of State You can jump to any part of the United States International Cyberspace & Digital Policy Strategy here. This part is 12 of 38. You can jump to any part of the United States International Cyberspace & Digital Policy Strategy here . This part is 12 of 38. here Line of Effort 1: Promote Development and Adoption of Open, Inclusive, Secure, and Resilient Telecommunication Networks 5G applications are rapidly evolving—expanding digital connectivity in new ways and creating new cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Telecommunication networks should be built using products from trusted suppliers that operate, and have supply chain partners that operate, primarily in countries that respect rights through consistent application of the law through an independent judiciary, in accordance with the principles reflected in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Declaration on Government Access to Personal Data Held by Private Sector Entities. Telecommunications networks should not be built using products from suppliers subject to the control or influence of an authoritarian regime, and without meaningful, independent checks and balances or judicial recourse against government demands. International 5G-related principles, such as the Prague Proposals on 5G Security and Prague Proposals on Telecommunications Supplier Diversity, support market competitiveness and the diversity of trusted 5G equipment vendors. These efforts also extend to the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment’s Digital Infrastructure pillar. Recognizing that cost is often the primary driving factor in ICT procurements, the United States is supporting governments, middle-mile internet infrastructure providers, and Internet service providers to develop greater competition and diversity in telecommunications supply chains, particularly through the Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership (DCCP). DCCP is a whole-of-government effort, led by the Department of State, to provide capacity building, technical assistance, and project design and financing in support of an open Internet and enhanced cybersecurity. In addition, the CHIPS and Science Act allocated $500 million to the International Technology Security and Innovation (ITSI) Fund for the Department of State to support the development and adoption of secure semiconductor supply chains and telecommunications networks. The United States will use this funding to continue to work with partners to put in place policy and regulatory frameworks for secure ICT ecosystems and to level the playing field for secure and trustworthy vendors. Along with helping build secure networks, digital solidarity is also expressed through efforts to build digital infrastructure that promotes competition, advances consumer choice, and puts communities and individuals in charge of their digital lives and resources. Recognizing the need to attract capital and de-risk potential digital infrastructure investment, USAID—with funding from DCCP—launched a blended finance program called Digital Invest that partners with fund managers and project developers to expand access to Internet connectivity and digital financial services in emerging markets worldwide. To date, Digital Invest’s 13 partners have leveraged an initial $8.45 million in Department of State and USAID funding to raise over $300 million in investment capital for digital finance and Internet service providers in emerging markets that use secure network equipment, catalyzing an additional $1.15 billion in follow-on funding from third-party investors. U.S. foreign assistance programs will also increase competition in the market and promote telecommunications supplier diversity by advancing the development of open and interoperable interfaces and protocols, such as Open Radio Access Networks (Open RAN). This open network architecture eases the ability for new suppliers to enter the market, lowers costs for deployment, and speeds innovation. Open RAN presents opportunities for emerging economies to participate directly in the supply chain, such as through local assembly and software development. Just as important, Open RAN offers alternatives for the reliance on technology from untrusted vendors. As a result, the Department of State will continue to support efforts such as funding commercial trials, feasibility studies, reverse trade missions, and workforce education and awareness activities that promote Open RAN. The United States will continue collaborating with the governments of Australia, Canada, Japan, and the United Kingdom on telecommunications supply chain diversification and related issues through the Global Coalition on Telecommunications, launched in October 2023. Working with other governments and the private sector, the United States is also preparing for a new wave of innovation. Within the next decade, 6G will within the next decade bring even higher speeds, larger capacity, and lower latency to wireless communication. Building open and interoperable network architectures such as Open RAN into 6G development from the beginning will help ensure supplier diversity and supply chain resilience. In February 2024, the United States—with Australia, Canada, the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Sweden, and the United Kingdom—endorsed shared principles for the research and development of 6G wireless communication systems. Continue Reading Here. Continue Reading Here . Here This post was originally published on May 6, 2024, by the U.S Department of State This post was originally published on May 6, 2024, by the U.S Department of State by the U.S Department of State

Strengthening Telecommunication Networks: Promoting Openness and Security in 5G and Beyond

This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license.
Authors:
(1) Ehud Shapiro,  Department of Computer Science and Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel and ehud.shapiro@weizmann.ac.il. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction
Grassroots Protocols
Grassroots Implementation of Grassroots Dissemination
Applications of Grassroots Dissemination Supporting Digital Sovereignty
Future Work & Discussion
References
A. Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems
B. All-to-All Dissemination is not Grassroots
C. Proofs 2 Grassroots Protocols Informally, when agents operate according to a grassroots protocol (i) the possible behaviors and interactions of an isolated community of agents are not constrained by placing the community within a larger community and (ii) agents in an isolated community, when placed within a larger community, may have behaviors and interactions not possible when in isolation. In particular, agents may interact with each other across community boundaries. This notion supports the grassroots deployment of a distributed system – autonomous independent instances deployed at different locations and over time that can possibly (but not necessarily) interoperate once interconnected. Asynchronous distributed multiagent transition systems. We formalize this intuitive notion of a grassroots protocol using asynchronous distributed multiagent transition system [24]. See Appendix A for a brief introduction; we repeat below essential definitions and results. Assume a set Π of agents, each equipped with a single and unique key-pair, and identify an agent p ∈ Π by its public key. While the set of all agents Π could in principle be infinite (think of all the agents that are yet to be born), when we refer to a particular set of agents P ⊆ Π we assume P to be finite. Note that the trivial liveness requirement entails the standard one: A run is live if for every agent p that is enabled infinitely often, the run has infinitely many p-transitions. A transition system is asynchronous if progress by other agents cannot prevent an agent from taking an already-enabled transition. Observation 9. An all-to-all dissemination protocol cannot be grassroots. Sufficient condition for a protocol to be grassroots. Here we define certain properties of a protocol and prove that satisfying them is sufficient for the protocol to be grassroots. Theorem 12 (Grassroots Protocol). An asynchronous, interactive, and non-interfering protocol is grassroots. We note that blockchain consensus protocols with hardcoded miners, e.g. the seed miners of Bitcoin [11] or the bootnodes of Ethereum [12], and permissioned consensus protocols with a predetermined set of participants such as Byzantine Atomic Broadcast [27, 16], are all interfering, as additional participants may be required and/or cannot be ignored. However, Theorem 12 and the examples above do not imply that ordering consensus protocols cannot be grassroots. The problem is not with the consensus protocol as such, but with the choice of its participants. If participants in an instance of an ordering consensus protocol are determined by the agents themselves via a grassroots protocol, rather than being provided externally and a priori as in standard permissioned consensus protocols, or are required to include a predetermined set of initial participants as in Bitcoin and Ethereum, then the participants can reach consensus without violating grassroots. Devising grassroots consensus protocols is a subject of future work. Next, we present the Grassroots Dissemination protocol and prove it to be grassroots. 2.2 The Grassroots Dissemination Protocol The All-to-All Dissemination protocol is asynchronous and interactive, and this is also true of Grassroots Dissemination. But, unlike All-to-All Dissemination, in the Grassroots Dissemination protocol dissemination occurs only among friends. Moreover, agents are free to choose their friends. Hence, additional agents may be ignored by a given group of agents without violating agent liveness, implying that Grassroots Dissemination is also non-interfering and thus grassroots, as proven below. We assume a given payloads function X that maps each set of agents P to a set of payloads X (P). For example, X could map P to all strings signed by members of P; or to all messages sent among members of P, signed by the sender and encrypted by the public key of the recipient; or to all financial transactions among members of P. Remember that here P are not ‘miners’ serving transactions by other agents, but are the full set of agents participating the in protocol. 2.3 Grassroots Implementation Here we define the notion of a grassroots implementation and prove that having a grassroots implementation is a sufficient condition for a protocol to be grassroots. First we recall the notion of implementation among multiagent transition systems [24] (See also Appendix A) The following theorem shatters the hope of a non-grassroots protocol to have a grassroots implementation, and can be used to prove that a protocol is grassroots by providing it with a grassroots implementation. Theorem 20 (Grassroots Implementation). A protocol that has a grassroots implementation is grassroots. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Ehud Shapiro,  Department of Computer Science and Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel and ehud.shapiro@weizmann.ac.il. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. Authors: Authors: (1) Ehud Shapiro,  Department of Computer Science and Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel and ehud.shapiro@weizmann.ac.il. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Grassroots Protocols Grassroots Implementation of Grassroots Dissemination Applications of Grassroots Dissemination Supporting Digital Sovereignty Future Work & Discussion References A. Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems B. All-to-All Dissemination is not Grassroots C. Proofs Abstract and Introduction Abstract and Introduction Grassroots Protocols Grassroots Protocols Grassroots Implementation of Grassroots Dissemination Grassroots Implementation of Grassroots Dissemination Applications of Grassroots Dissemination Supporting Digital Sovereignty Applications of Grassroots Dissemination Supporting Digital Sovereignty Future Work & Discussion Future Work & Discussion References References A. Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems A. Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems B. All-to-All Dissemination is not Grassroots B. All-to-All Dissemination is not Grassroots C. Proofs C. Proofs 2 Grassroots Protocols Informally, when agents operate according to a grassroots protocol (i) the possible behaviors and interactions of an isolated community of agents are not constrained by placing the community within a larger community and (ii) agents in an isolated community, when placed within a larger community, may have behaviors and interactions not possible when in isolation. In particular, agents may interact with each other across community boundaries. This notion supports the grassroots deployment of a distributed system – autonomous independent instances deployed at different locations and over time that can possibly (but not necessarily) interoperate once interconnected. Asynchronous distributed multiagent transition systems. We formalize this intuitive notion of a grassroots protocol using asynchronous distributed multiagent transition system [24]. See Appendix A for a brief introduction; we repeat below essential definitions and results. Assume a set Π of agents, each equipped with a single and unique key-pair, and identify an agent p ∈ Π by its public key. While the set of all agents Π could in principle be infinite (think of all the agents that are yet to be born), when we refer to a particular set of agents P ⊆ Π we assume P to be finite. Note that the trivial liveness requirement entails the standard one: A run is live if for every agent p that is enabled infinitely often, the run has infinitely many p-transitions. A transition system is asynchronous if progress by other agents cannot prevent an agent from taking an already-enabled transition. Observation 9. An all-to-all dissemination protocol cannot be grassroots. Observation 9. An all-to-all dissemination protocol cannot be grassroots. Sufficient condition for a protocol to be grassroots. Here we define certain properties of a protocol and prove that satisfying them is sufficient for the protocol to be grassroots. Sufficient condition for a protocol to be grassroots. Theorem 12 (Grassroots Protocol). An asynchronous, interactive, and non-interfering protocol is grassroots. Theorem 12 We note that blockchain consensus protocols with hardcoded miners, e.g. the seed miners of Bitcoin [11] or the bootnodes of Ethereum [12], and permissioned consensus protocols with a predetermined set of participants such as Byzantine Atomic Broadcast [27, 16], are all interfering, as additional participants may be required and/or cannot be ignored. However, Theorem 12 and the examples above do not imply that ordering consensus protocols cannot be grassroots. The problem is not with the consensus protocol as such, but with the choice of its participants. If participants in an instance of an ordering consensus protocol are determined by the agents themselves via a grassroots protocol, rather than being provided externally and a priori as in standard permissioned consensus protocols, or are required to include a predetermined set of initial participants as in Bitcoin and Ethereum, then the participants can reach consensus without violating grassroots. Devising grassroots consensus protocols is a subject of future work. Next, we present the Grassroots Dissemination protocol and prove it to be grassroots. 2.2 The Grassroots Dissemination Protocol 2.2 The Grassroots Dissemination Protocol The All-to-All Dissemination protocol is asynchronous and interactive, and this is also true of Grassroots Dissemination. But, unlike All-to-All Dissemination, in the Grassroots Dissemination protocol dissemination occurs only among friends. Moreover, agents are free to choose their friends. Hence, additional agents may be ignored by a given group of agents without violating agent liveness, implying that Grassroots Dissemination is also non-interfering and thus grassroots, as proven below. We assume a given payloads function X that maps each set of agents P to a set of payloads X (P). For example, X could map P to all strings signed by members of P; or to all messages sent among members of P, signed by the sender and encrypted by the public key of the recipient; or to all financial transactions among members of P. Remember that here P are not ‘miners’ serving transactions by other agents, but are the full set of agents participating the in protocol. 2.3 Grassroots Implementation 2.3 Grassroots Implementation Here we define the notion of a grassroots implementation and prove that having a grassroots implementation is a sufficient condition for a protocol to be grassroots. First we recall the notion of implementation among multiagent transition systems [24] (See also Appendix A) The following theorem shatters the hope of a non-grassroots protocol to have a grassroots implementation, and can be used to prove that a protocol is grassroots by providing it with a grassroots implementation. Theorem 20 (Grassroots Implementation). A protocol that has a grassroots implementation Theorem 20 is grassroots.

Grassroots Distributed Systems for Digital Sovereignty: Grassroots Protocols

This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license.
Authors:
(1) Ehud Shapiro,  Department of Computer Science and Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel and ehud.shapiro@weizmann.ac.il. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction
Grassroots Protocols
Grassroots Implementation of Grassroots Dissemination
Applications of Grassroots Dissemination Supporting Digital Sovereignty
Future Work & Discussion
References
A. Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems
B. All-to-All Dissemination is not Grassroots
C. Proofs A Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems Here we introduce definitions and results regarding asynchronous distributed multiagent transition systems [24], needed for the definition and proofs of grassroots protocols. The original reference introduces them in four stages: transition systems; multiagent; distributed; asynchronous, and in addition to proofs it includes examples illustrating the various concepts. Here, we introduce distributed multiagent transition systems at once and simplify other notions by adhering to this special case. Assume a set Π of agents, each equipped with a single and unique key-pair, and identify an agent p ∈ Π by its public key. While the set of all agents Π could in principle be infinite (think of all the agents that are yet to be born), when we refer to a particular set of agents P ⊆ Π we assume P to be finite. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. Authors: (1) Ehud Shapiro,  Department of Computer Science and Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel and ehud.shapiro@weizmann.ac.il. This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED license. Authors: Authors: (1) Ehud Shapiro,  Department of Computer Science and Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel and ehud.shapiro@weizmann.ac.il. Table of Links Abstract and Introduction Grassroots Protocols Grassroots Implementation of Grassroots Dissemination Applications of Grassroots Dissemination Supporting Digital Sovereignty Future Work & Discussion References A. Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems B. All-to-All Dissemination is not Grassroots C. Proofs Abstract and Introduction Abstract and Introduction Grassroots Protocols Grassroots Protocols Grassroots Implementation of Grassroots Dissemination Grassroots Implementation of Grassroots Dissemination Applications of Grassroots Dissemination Supporting Digital Sovereignty Applications of Grassroots Dissemination Supporting Digital Sovereignty Future Work & Discussion Future Work & Discussion References References A. Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems A. Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems B. All-to-All Dissemination is not Grassroots B. All-to-All Dissemination is not Grassroots C. Proofs C. Proofs A Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition Systems Here we introduce definitions and results regarding asynchronous distributed multiagent transition systems [24], needed for the definition and proofs of grassroots protocols. The original reference introduces them in four stages: transition systems; multiagent; distributed; asynchronous, and in addition to proofs it includes examples illustrating the various concepts. Here, we introduce distributed multiagent transition systems at once and simplify other notions by adhering to this special case. Assume a set Π of agents, each equipped with a single and unique key-pair, and identify an agent p ∈ Π by its public key. While the set of all agents Π could in principle be infinite (think of all the agents that are yet to be born), when we refer to a particular set of agents P ⊆ Π we assume P to be finite.

Grassroots Distributed Systems: Preliminaries: Asynchronous Distributed Multiagent Transition System

In the tech world, hackathons are like rock concerts—full of energy, innovation, and a bit of chaos. Stanford's TreeHacks is the Glastonbury of them all, drawing the brightest minds and wildest ideas from Silicon Valley and around the world. This year’s edition, however, took center stage not just for its usual vibe of cutting-edge creations but for its focus on AI. The mood? Electrifying. Unleashing AI's Power at TreeHacks Walking through the aisles of TreeHacks was like peering into the future. From AI-powered diagnostic tools to social media bots that can outshine any influencer, it became clear that AI is ready to reshape every nook and cranny of society. Projects like Baymax and TherapEase.ai offered a tantalizing glimpse into healthcare’s future with personalized treatment plans, while MindMint took a swing at tailoring education to individual learning styles. Not to be outdone, Show and Tell, a fusion of wearable tech and language models, broke down barriers between American Sign Language users and non-ASL speakers, leaving the judges starstruck. And Zorg didn’t just come up with a catchy name but a decentralized system to securely handle medical records, balancing accessibility with airtight data protection. Insights From the Judges' Panel Judges like Deepita Pai played a critical role in evaluating these ambitious projects, using her extensive experience in building AI applications to guide hackers towards refining their work. Deepita stood out not just for her expertise but as a symbol of women's increasing leadership in technology. Her background at Square and Brainlab equipped her with an insider’s view on the importance of balancing innovation with ethical considerations and usability. Her lens sharpened on the necessity of collaboration, ensuring that these dazzling AI models weren’t just flashy toys but robust tools that could solve real-world issues. "Always keep the end user at the heart of your innovation," she emphasized. "Involve domain experts, prioritize inclusivity, and ensure your solutions reach those who need them most." Projects to Watch The hackers didn’t hold back on creativity either. Kaleido showed how biases in political news articles could be identified and counteracted, giving readers a fuller perspective on the stories they consume. ShaScam took on the rising menace of spam calls, using LLMs to protect vulnerable seniors from fraud. Meanwhile, EcoSynth saved analysts from spreadsheet nightmares by automating sustainability reports in a matter of seconds. Some projects aimed for the stars. Shard sought to challenge Sam Altman’s massive $8 trillion network by harnessing idle computing power worldwide. Their scrappy prototype earned them the “Most Likely to Get Funded” award and $1.5k in cash. Another moonshot, llm2graph, tried to fix LLMs’ text comprehension issues by crafting a dynamic knowledge graph, tackling the underlying problem head-on. TreeHacks Takeaways TreeHacks 2024 wasn’t just a showcase of technological achievements but a lively conversation about AI’s societal impact and ethical dimensions. If these projects are any indicator, the future will be a blend of audacity, empathy, and, as Deepita puts it, “innovation balanced with usability.” The success of AI will ultimately hinge not on algorithmic finesse but on the lives it touches and the positive change it inspires. So, here’s a tip for founders and hackers alike: solve a problem you’ve personally faced. EcoSynth did it with sustainability reports, and Instant-gram, born out of the founders’ social media frustrations, now creates engaging content that could save you hours of scrolling through stock photos. TreeHacks 2024 has spoken, and the future of AI is bright, inclusive, and beaming with possibility. In the tech world, hackathons are like rock concerts—full of energy, innovation, and a bit of chaos. Stanford's TreeHacks is the Glastonbury of them all, drawing the brightest minds and wildest ideas from Silicon Valley and around the world. This year’s edition, however, took center stage not just for its usual vibe of cutting-edge creations but for its focus on AI. The mood? Electrifying. Unleashing AI's Power at TreeHacks Unleashing AI's Power at TreeHacks Walking through the aisles of TreeHacks was like peering into the future. From AI-powered diagnostic tools to social media bots that can outshine any influencer, it became clear that AI is ready to reshape every nook and cranny of society. Projects like Baymax and TherapEase.ai offered a tantalizing glimpse into healthcare’s future with personalized treatment plans, while MindMint took a swing at tailoring education to individual learning styles. Not to be outdone, Show and Tell, a fusion of wearable tech and language models, broke down barriers between American Sign Language users and non-ASL speakers, leaving the judges starstruck. And Zorg didn’t just come up with a catchy name but a decentralized system to securely handle medical records, balancing accessibility with airtight data protection. Insights From the Judges' Panel Insights From the Judges' Panel Judges like Deepita Pai played a critical role in evaluating these ambitious projects, using her extensive experience in building AI applications to guide hackers towards refining their work. Deepita stood out not just for her expertise but as a symbol of women's increasing leadership in technology. Her background at Square and Brainlab equipped her with an insider’s view on the importance of balancing innovation with ethical considerations and usability. Her lens sharpened on the necessity of collaboration, ensuring that these dazzling AI models weren’t just flashy toys but robust tools that could solve real-world issues. "Always keep the end user at the heart of your innovation," she emphasized. "Involve domain experts, prioritize inclusivity, and ensure your solutions reach those who need them most." Projects to Watch Projects to Watch The hackers didn’t hold back on creativity either. Kaleido showed how biases in political news articles could be identified and counteracted, giving readers a fuller perspective on the stories they consume. ShaScam took on the rising menace of spam calls, using LLMs to protect vulnerable seniors from fraud. Meanwhile, EcoSynth saved analysts from spreadsheet nightmares by automating sustainability reports in a matter of seconds. Some projects aimed for the stars. Shard sought to challenge Sam Altman’s massive $8 trillion network by harnessing idle computing power worldwide. Their scrappy prototype earned them the “Most Likely to Get Funded” award and $1.5k in cash. Another moonshot, llm2graph, tried to fix LLMs’ text comprehension issues by crafting a dynamic knowledge graph, tackling the underlying problem head-on. TreeHacks Takeaways TreeHacks Takeaways TreeHacks 2024 wasn’t just a showcase of technological achievements but a lively conversation about AI’s societal impact and ethical dimensions. If these projects are any indicator, the future will be a blend of audacity, empathy, and, as Deepita puts it, “innovation balanced with usability.” The success of AI will ultimately hinge not on algorithmic finesse but on the lives it touches and the positive change it inspires. So, here’s a tip for founders and hackers alike: solve a problem you’ve personally faced. EcoSynth did it with sustainability reports, and Instant-gram, born out of the founders’ social media frustrations, now creates engaging content that could save you hours of scrolling through stock photos. TreeHacks 2024 has spoken, and the future of AI is bright, inclusive, and beaming with possibility.

Charting New Horizons: Exploring AI Innovation at TreeHacks 2024

In recent decades, automakers around the world have spent countless billions on autonomous vehicle technology. They're doing so because everyone agrees that self-driving cars will be the next killer app in the industry. Unfortunately, the road to getting there hasn't been as smooth as those automakers have hoped. On the contrary, the short history of autonomous vehicle technology is one filled with countless technological failures and accidents. In San Francisco, CA, a hotbed for autonomous vehicle testing, there have already been dozens of accidents—including at least one that seriously injured a pedestrian. However, fully autonomous vehicles aren't the only type of self-driving technology out there. There are also countless new vehicles on US roads with complex driver-assist systems. These vehicles have the same features as self-driving models, except that they require a driver's hands on the wheel at all times. And those vehicles are causing havoc on the roads. In one 10-month span, in fact, automakers reported 400 accidents involving vehicles with driver-assist systems in use. All of this is to say that the development of self-driving vehicle technology is not without risk. And at this stage, it begs a serious question—are smart autonomous vehicle technologies making us less safe on the road? Here's the answer to that question, based on all available data. The Safety Potential of Autonomous Driving Technology Without a doubt, the various technological elements that make up today's driver-assist systems and tomorrow's fully autonomous vehicles have the potential to save lives. How many lives? To figure that out, consider the following. Each year in the US, there are approximately 1.7 million rear-end vehicle collisions. Those accidents create approximately 1,700 fatalities and 500,000 additional injuries. And yet, a study of vehicles that include forward collision warning (FCW) systems and autonomous emergency braking (AEB) functionality indicates that those two technologies alone could reduce such accidents by a whopping 50%. That means universal adoption of FCW and AEB technology could save at least 850 lives every year. Another study indicated that equipping vehicles with FCW, lane departure warning (LDW), blind spot warning, and curve-adaptive headlights could cut car accident rates by up to one-third. If you consider that there are approximately 43,000 fatal car crashes in the US every year, those technologies alone could prevent 14,190 of those. Assessing the Human Element You'll notice that so far, I've only mentioned driver-assist technologies that don't directly control the operation of a vehicle. And therein lies the problem. It seems that the more self-driving technology you put in a vehicle, the less responsible drivers become. According to a recent survey, drivers are developing some disturbing habits connected to autonomous driving technology. In the survey, a shocking 61% of respondents indicated that advanced driver-assist technologies make them more comfortable looking away from the road while driving. A full 58% of those with vehicles equipped with pedestrian detection admitted that they've stopped looking around for pedestrians. And maybe worst of all, 57% of those with AEB-equipped vehicles report it making them comfortable with looking away from the road while driving. If you examine those results together, a pretty clear picture starts to emerge. It's that any vehicle technology that takes the onus of safety off the driver makes drivers less careful and more distracted. And that tendency is nowhere more pronounced than it is in a specific driver cohort: Tesla vehicle owners. The Electric Elephant in the Room If you go looking for information about self-driving technologies and vehicle safety, it won't take long for you to notice a trend. It's that vehicles from all-electric automaker Tesla seem to get involved in a shocking number of car crashes. And you're not imagining it. According to insurance company data, Tesla owners have the highest accident rate of any type of vehicle. Between 2022 and 2023, Tesla drivers had an accident rate of 23.54 per 1,000 drivers. And if you dig a bit deeper, you'll find that a huge percentage of those crashes happened either completely or in part due to the automaker's Autopilot feature. So far, Tesla's self-driving feature is responsible for 736 crashes and 17 fatalities. And there are some important reasons for that which tie into this discussion. One of them is the fact that Tesla's Autopilot isn't capable of fully autonomous operation. It's just the automaker's name for its particular flavor of driver-assist technologies. Like others in its class, Autopilot requires drivers to keep their hands on the steering wheel at all times. And yet, the company has spent over nine years advertising the Autopilot feature as a Full Self-Driving Capability. And given what we know about driver tendencies surrounding autonomous technologies, likely explains the high accident rate among Tesla drivers. Those drivers, lulled by the promise of illusory self-driving capabilities, seem to take chances they wouldn't take in other vehicles. To wit, most of the accidents involving the Autopilot feature happen as onboard computers record the driver taking their hands off the steering wheel for extended periods. The Takeaway The main takeaway from all of this is simple. It's that self-driving and autonomous vehicle technology can and should make driving much safer. However, until those technologies mature into truly autonomous vehicles, they're having the opposite effect. While features like FCW and AEB do decrease fatality rates in accidents, they may be contributing to driver behavior that causes more accidents. Of course, there's no precise way to tell if that particular tradeoff is worth it, safety-wise. Furthermore, it also seems clear that the more drivers believe that their vehicles can handle the driving for them, the less engaged in the task they get. Therefore, until vehicles can handle all of the driving for their occupants without human intervention, we may see an ever-increasing number of injuries and fatalities connected to driver-assist technologies. That reality puts more pressure than ever before on the automakers working toward full vehicle autonomy to get their current technologies and designs to the finish line. In recent decades, automakers around the world have spent countless billions on autonomous vehicle technology. They're doing so because everyone agrees that self-driving cars will be the next killer app in the industry. Unfortunately, the road to getting there hasn't been as smooth as those automakers have hoped. autonomous vehicle autonomous vehicle On the contrary, the short history of autonomous vehicle technology is one filled with countless technological failures and accidents. In San Francisco, CA, a hotbed for autonomous vehicle testing, there have already been dozens of accidents —including at least one that seriously injured a pedestrian . dozens of accidents dozens of accidents seriously injured a pedestrian seriously injured a pedestrian However, fully autonomous vehicles aren't the only type of self-driving technology out there. There are also countless new vehicles on US roads with complex driver-assist systems. These vehicles have the same features as self-driving models, except that they require a driver's hands on the wheel at all times. And those vehicles are causing havoc on the roads. In one 10-month span, in fact, automakers reported 400 accidents involving vehicles with driver-assist systems in use. reported 400 accidents reported 400 accidents All of this is to say that the development of self-driving vehicle technology is not without risk. And at this stage, it begs a serious question—are smart autonomous vehicle technologies making us less safe on the road? Here's the answer to that question, based on all available data. The Safety Potential of Autonomous Driving Technology Without a doubt, the various technological elements that make up today's driver-assist systems and tomorrow's fully autonomous vehicles have the potential to save lives. How many lives? To figure that out, consider the following. make up today's driver-assist systems make up today's driver-assist systems Each year in the US, there are approximately 1.7 million rear-end vehicle collisions . Those accidents create approximately 1,700 fatalities and 500,000 additional injuries. And yet, a study of vehicles that include forward collision warning (FCW) systems and autonomous emergency braking (AEB) functionality indicates that those two technologies alone could reduce such accidents by a whopping 50% . That means universal adoption of FCW and AEB technology could save at least 850 lives every year. 1.7 million rear-end vehicle collisions 1.7 million rear-end vehicle collisions by a whopping 50% by a whopping 50% Another study indicated that equipping vehicles with FCW, lane departure warning (LDW), blind spot warning, and curve-adaptive headlights could cut car accident rates by up to one-third . If you consider that there are approximately 43,000 fatal car crashes in the US every year, those technologies alone could prevent 14,190 of those. by up to one-third by up to one-third Assessing the Human Element You'll notice that so far, I've only mentioned driver-assist technologies that don't directly control the operation of a vehicle. And therein lies the problem. It seems that the more self-driving technology you put in a vehicle, the less responsible drivers become. According to a recent survey , drivers are developing some disturbing habits connected to autonomous driving technology. a recent survey a recent survey In the survey, a shocking 61% of respondents indicated that advanced driver-assist technologies make them more comfortable looking away from the road while driving. A full 58% of those with vehicles equipped with pedestrian detection admitted that they've stopped looking around for pedestrians. And maybe worst of all, 57% of those with AEB-equipped vehicles report it making them comfortable with looking away from the road while driving. If you examine those results together, a pretty clear picture starts to emerge. It's that any vehicle technology that takes the onus of safety off the driver makes drivers less careful and more distracted. And that tendency is nowhere more pronounced than it is in a specific driver cohort: Tesla vehicle owners. The Electric Elephant in the Room If you go looking for information about self-driving technologies and vehicle safety, it won't take long for you to notice a trend. It's that vehicles from all-electric automaker Tesla seem to get involved in a shocking number of car crashes . And you're not imagining it. According to insurance company data, Tesla owners have the highest accident rate of any type of vehicle. Between 2022 and 2023, Tesla drivers had an accident rate of 23.54 per 1,000 drivers . And if you dig a bit deeper, you'll find that a huge percentage of those crashes happened either completely or in part due to the automaker's Autopilot feature. car crashes car crashes 23.54 per 1,000 drivers 23.54 per 1,000 drivers So far, Tesla's self-driving feature is responsible for 736 crashes and 17 fatalities . And there are some important reasons for that which tie into this discussion. One of them is the fact that Tesla's Autopilot isn't capable of fully autonomous operation. It's just the automaker's name for its particular flavor of driver-assist technologies. Like others in its class, Autopilot requires drivers to keep their hands on the steering wheel at all times. 736 crashes and 17 fatalities 736 crashes and 17 fatalities And yet, the company has spent over nine years advertising the Autopilot feature as a Full Self-Driving Capability . And given what we know about driver tendencies surrounding autonomous technologies, likely explains the high accident rate among Tesla drivers. Those drivers, lulled by the promise of illusory self-driving capabilities, seem to take chances they wouldn't take in other vehicles. To wit, most of the accidents involving the Autopilot feature happen as onboard computers record the driver taking their hands off the steering wheel for extended periods. Full Self-Driving Capability Full Self-Driving Capability The Takeaway The main takeaway from all of this is simple. It's that self-driving and autonomous vehicle technology can and should make driving much safer. However, until those technologies mature into truly autonomous vehicles, they're having the opposite effect. While features like FCW and AEB do decrease fatality rates in accidents, they may be contributing to driver behavior that causes more accidents. Of course, there's no precise way to tell if that particular tradeoff is worth it, safety-wise. Furthermore, it also seems clear that the more drivers believe that their vehicles can handle the driving for them, the less engaged in the task they get. Therefore, until vehicles can handle all of the driving for their occupants without human intervention, we may see an ever-increasing number of injuries and fatalities connected to driver-assist technologies. That reality puts more pressure than ever before on the automakers working toward full vehicle autonomy to get their current technologies and designs to the finish line.

Self-Driving Cars and Personal Injury: Are Smart Features Making Cars Safer or More Dangerous?

স্ব-ড্রাইভিং গাড়ি এবং ব্যক্তিগত আঘাত: স্মার্ট বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলি কি গাড়িগুলিকে নিরাপদ বা আরও বিপজ্জনক করে তোলে?

Selbstfahrende Autos und Personenschäden: Machen intelligente Funktionen Autos sicherer oder gefährlicher?

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स्वचालित कारें और व्यक्तिगत चोट: क्या स्मार्ट फीचर्स कारों को सुरक्षित बना रहे हैं या अधिक खतरनाक?

自動運転車と人身傷害: スマート機能は車をより安全にするのか、それともより危険にするのか?

자율주행차와 개인 상해: 스마트 기능이 자동차를 더 안전하게 만드는가, 아니면 더 위험한가?

Carros autônomos e ferimentos pessoais: os recursos inteligentes estão tornando os carros mais seguros ou mais perigosos?

Беспилотные автомобили и травматизм: делают ли интеллектуальные функции автомобили безопаснее или опаснее?

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**GEORGE TOWN, Cayman Islands, May 8th, 2024/Chainwire/**AIGOLD,is pleased to announce the launch of its innovative cryptocurrency project. This groundbreaking initiative integrates artificial intelligence with the enduring value of gold, aiming to redefine the landscape of digital assets. The presale phase of AIGOLD is currently underway, with early access available at aigold.io. AIGOLD: Pioneering Gold Integration in Cryptocurrency with Enhanced Security and Market Stability AIGOLD is aiming to lead the integration of gold into the cryptocurrency sector, enhancing security and stability for those engaged in trading. The platform's design includes dedicating a portion of the proceeds from the presale of AIG (AIGOLD) tokens to acquire PAXG tokens. PAXG tokens are backed by physical gold, each representing one fine troy ounce stored in LBMA-certified vaults in London. At launch, the liquidity pool, underpinned by over one million dollars in PAXG, will be securely locked and aligned with gold price movement The initial presale price for AIGOLD is set at $0.0035 per token and the project underwent comprehensive audits from Cyberscope and is currently being audited by CertiK, underscore AIGOLD’s commitment to security and transparency. As the market trends towards gold-backed assets, AIGOLD is looking to offer a unique platform that not only secures value but also rewards participants with gold, enhancing their participation in the evolving digital economy. AIGOLD: Leading Sustainable Digital Finance with Strategic Tokenomics AIGOLD team's innovative tokenomics structure is crafted to foster growth and establish a solid foundation for its next developmental phase. This structure, along with a strategic tax model, is aimed at enhancing the benefits for participants in the ecosystem. By reinvesting 2% of every transaction back into the liquidity pool, AIGOLD looks to ensure a dynamic and well-supported trading environment. Additionally, a designated marketing allocation aims at keeping AIGOLD prominent in the marketplace, driving ongoing visibility and engagement. The team sees the self-sustaining approach as marking a notable evolution in the cryptocurrency arena, positioning AIGOLD as a leader in sustainable digital finance practices. AIGOLD: Empowering Future Financial Landscapes with Innovative Rewards and Stability AIGOLD’s ecosystem offers multiple compensation methods to its participants, including rewards in gold for every transaction. Holders of AIG tokens will potentially benefit from a 5% share of gold with each buy and sell action, thanks to AIG's built-in reward mechanism. This reward is issued in digital gold, which can also be claimed physically AIGOLD not only provides rewards in gold but also serves as a strategic hedge against inflation and de-dollarization. By integrating artificial intelligence with gold, AIGOLD is not merely a tool for potential profit but a forward-looking platform designed to empower participants for future financial landscapes. AIGOLD is dropping a never-before-seen Real Gold-backed NFT Mining Permit Collection as a bonus with exclusive benefits for NFT holders. AIGOLD is excited to announce the limited release of its real gold-backed NFT Mining Permits, with a total of only 4,000 permits ever to be issued. These exclusive mining permits offer additional benefits to AIG NFT holders, including receiving an annual share of 25% of the profits from gold recovered in AIG’s mining operations. This innovative approach positions AIG NFT holders to benefit from the burgeoning digital economy. For more details and to ensure early access, users visit aigold.io to secure their place on the whitelist. AIGOLDs team marks a transformative point in the development of digital currencies by integrating artificial intelligence with genuine gold mining. This initiative is led by new technology, including an AI-integrated exploration recovery vessel (ERV) equipped with state-of-the-art tools and LIDAR systems. These advancements facilitate the extraction of gold from the seabed in the Bering Sea, where estimates suggest there are over 500 million ounces of gold. With the rising value of gold, strategic positioning is crucial. AIGOLD's founder and CEO, Forest, from Cornell University, stated, "At AIGOLD, we are forging a unique combination of advanced artificial intelligence, forefront technology, and the reliability of gold-backed assets." For more details about AIGOLD, including its tokenomics, token metrics, and gold paper, users can visit aigold.io. The AIG Team is set to introduce a variety of incentives and special offers to benefit AIG token holders. These include exclusive NFT Mining Permits, participation in charity events, air drops, and official merchandise available through the AIG store. Additionally, participants will have the opportunity to enter a Tesla Cyber Truck Competition. For more details on these exciting opportunities, users can visit aigold.io. AIGOLD’s Tesla Cybertruck Competition AIGOLD is currently hosting a Cybertruck Competition featuring the chance to win a Tesla Cybertruck among a total of 20 prizes. The Tesla Cybertruck boasts remarkable features such as bulletproof construction, a waterproof or wade mode that allows driving in up to 30 inches of water, and a durable exoskeleton similar to materials used in Space X rockets. This all-electric vehicle includes Tesla's autopilot system, accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in just 2.6 seconds, can tow up to 11,000 lbs, and travels up to 340 miles on a single charge, all while being equipped with advanced interior technology. This competition is skill-based, not a random draw. In an era where durability and real-world utility are highly valued, AIGOLD offers a substantial opportunity. Moving away from transient trends in cryptocurrency, AIGOLD is looking to establish itself as a significant force with the potential to impact the crypto market significantly this year. About AIGOLD AIGOLD is the first-ever cryptocurrency project to back its liquidity pool in gold. Founded in 2023, they are a cryptocurrency ecosystem and a digital currency that offers a reward mechanism that pays out digital gold to all of their token holders. They are the first of their kind, bringing together AI and real gold mining. AIGOLD is a real utility token and aims to act as a hedge against inflation. They offer gold-backed assets through the buy/sell of their AIG token and access to the profits from their gold mining operations to Gold Mining NFT holders. AIGOLD is committed to and strives to become one of the top 100 cryptocurrencies and get on top-tier 1 exchanges. They are on a mission to maintain a self-sustainable, well-balanced, and healthy ecosystem where their investors and their ecosystem thrive. They aim to build a community of investors from around the world, including Bitcoin and Ethereum enthusiasts. Users can find more information about AIGOLD on the following platforms: Website I X I Telegram I Medium I Instagram AIGold is the source of this content. This Press Release is for informational purposes only. The information does not constitute investment advice or an offer to invest. Contact PR Media Relations Kate Brown AIGOLD aigoldofficial@aigold.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. **GEORGE TOWN, Cayman Islands, May 8th, 2024/Chainwire/**AIGOLD,is pleased to announce the launch of its innovative cryptocurrency project. This groundbreaking initiative integrates artificial intelligence with the enduring value of gold, aiming to redefine the landscape of digital assets. The presale phase of AIGOLD is currently underway, with early access available at aigold.io. AIGOLD: Pioneering Gold Integration in Cryptocurrency with Enhanced Security and Market Stability AIGOLD is aiming to lead the integration of gold into the cryptocurrency sector, enhancing security and stability for those engaged in trading. The platform's design includes dedicating a portion of the proceeds from the presale of AIG (AIGOLD) tokens to acquire PAXG tokens. PAXG tokens are backed by physical gold, each representing one fine troy ounce stored in LBMA-certified vaults in London. At launch, the liquidity pool, underpinned by over one million dollars in PAXG, will be securely locked and aligned with gold price movement The initial presale price for AIGOLD is set at $0.0035 per token and the project underwent comprehensive audits from Cyberscope and is currently being audited by CertiK, underscore AIGOLD’s commitment to security and transparency. comprehensive audits from Cyberscope comprehensive audits from Cyberscope As the market trends towards gold-backed assets, AIGOLD is looking to offer a unique platform that not only secures value but also rewards participants with gold, enhancing their participation in the evolving digital economy. AIGOLD: Leading Sustainable Digital Finance with Strategic Tokenomics AIGOLD team's innovative tokenomics structure is crafted to foster growth and establish a solid foundation for its next developmental phase. This structure, along with a strategic tax model, is aimed at enhancing the benefits for participants in the ecosystem. By reinvesting 2% of every transaction back into the liquidity pool, AIGOLD looks to ensure a dynamic and well-supported trading environment. Additionally, a designated marketing allocation aims at keeping AIGOLD prominent in the marketplace, driving ongoing visibility and engagement. The team sees the self-sustaining approach as marking a notable evolution in the cryptocurrency arena, positioning AIGOLD as a leader in sustainable digital finance practices. AIGOLD: Empowering Future Financial Landscapes with Innovative Rewards and Stability AIGOLD’s ecosystem offers multiple compensation methods to its participants, including rewards in gold for every transaction. Holders of AIG tokens will potentially benefit from a 5% share of gold with each buy and sell action, thanks to AIG's built-in reward mechanism. This reward is issued in digital gold, which can also be claimed physically AIGOLD not only provides rewards in gold but also serves as a strategic hedge against inflation and de-dollarization. By integrating artificial intelligence with gold, AIGOLD is not merely a tool for potential profit but a forward-looking platform designed to empower participants for future financial landscapes. AIGOLD is dropping a never-before-seen Real Gold-backed NFT Mining Permit Collection as a bonus with exclusive benefits for NFT holders. AIGOLD is excited to announce the limited release of its real gold-backed NFT Mining Permits, with a total of only 4,000 permits ever to be issued. These exclusive mining permits offer additional benefits to AIG NFT holders, including receiving an annual share of 25% of the profits from gold recovered in AIG’s mining operations. This innovative approach positions AIG NFT holders to benefit from the burgeoning digital economy. For more details and to ensure early access, users visit aigold.io to secure their place on the whitelist. AIGOLDs team marks a transformative point in the development of digital currencies by integrating artificial intelligence with genuine gold mining. This initiative is led by new technology, including an AI-integrated exploration recovery vessel (ERV) equipped with state-of-the-art tools and LIDAR systems. aigold.io aigold.io These advancements facilitate the extraction of gold from the seabed in the Bering Sea, where estimates suggest there are over 500 million ounces of gold. With the rising value of gold, strategic positioning is crucial. AIGOLD's founder and CEO, Forest, from Cornell University, stated, "At AIGOLD, we are forging a unique combination of advanced artificial intelligence, forefront technology, and the reliability of gold-backed assets." For more details about AIGOLD, including its tokenomics, token metrics, and gold paper, users can visit aigold.io . aigold.io aigold.io The AIG Team is set to introduce a variety of incentives and special offers to benefit AIG token holders. These include exclusive NFT Mining Permits, participation in charity events, air drops, and official merchandise available through the AIG store. Additionally, participants will have the opportunity to enter a Tesla Cyber Truck Competition. For more details on these exciting opportunities, users can visit aigold.io . aigold.io aigold.io AIGOLD’s Tesla Cybertruck Competition AIGOLD is currently hosting a Cybertruck Competition featuring the chance to win a Tesla Cybertruck among a total of 20 prizes. The Tesla Cybertruck boasts remarkable features such as bulletproof construction, a waterproof or wade mode that allows driving in up to 30 inches of water, and a durable exoskeleton similar to materials used in Space X rockets. This all-electric vehicle includes Tesla's autopilot system, accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in just 2.6 seconds, can tow up to 11,000 lbs, and travels up to 340 miles on a single charge, all while being equipped with advanced interior technology. This competition is skill-based, not a random draw. In an era where durability and real-world utility are highly valued, AIGOLD offers a substantial opportunity. Moving away from transient trends in cryptocurrency, AIGOLD is looking to establish itself as a significant force with the potential to impact the crypto market significantly this year. About AIGOLD AIGOLD is the first-ever cryptocurrency project to back its liquidity pool in gold. Founded in 2023, they are a cryptocurrency ecosystem and a digital currency that offers a reward mechanism that pays out digital gold to all of their token holders. They are the first of their kind, bringing together AI and real gold mining. AIGOLD is a real utility token and aims to act as a hedge against inflation. AIGOLD AIGOLD They offer gold-backed assets through the buy/sell of their AIG token and access to the profits from their gold mining operations to Gold Mining NFT holders. AIGOLD is committed to and strives to become one of the top 100 cryptocurrencies and get on top-tier 1 exchanges. They are on a mission to maintain a self-sustainable, well-balanced, and healthy ecosystem where their investors and their ecosystem thrive. They aim to build a community of investors from around the world, including Bitcoin and Ethereum enthusiasts. Users can find more information about AIGOLD on the following platforms: Website I X I Telegram I Medium I Instagram Website Website X X Telegram Telegram Medium Medium Instagram Instagram AIGold is the source of this content. This Press Release is for informational purposes only. The information does not constitute investment advice or an offer to invest. Contact PR Media Relations Kate Brown AIGOLD aigoldofficial@aigold.io This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here. This story was distributed as a release by Chainwire under HackerNoon’s Business Blogging Program. Learn more about the program here . here here

AIGOLD Goes Live, Introducing The First Gold Backed Crypto Project

AIGOLD লাইভ যাচ্ছে, প্রথম গোল্ড ব্যাকড ক্রিপ্টো প্রজেক্টের সাথে পরিচয়

AIGOLD geht live und stellt das erste goldgedeckte Kryptoprojekt vor

AIGOLD se pone en marcha y presenta el primer proyecto criptográfico respaldado por oro

AIGOLD est lancé et présente le premier projet de cryptographie soutenu par l'or

AIGOLD लाइव हुआ, पहला गोल्ड समर्थित क्रिप्टो प्रोजेक्ट पेश किया

AIGOLDが始動、初の金担保暗号プロジェクトを発表

AIGOLD가 출시되어 최초의 금 기반 암호화폐 프로젝트를 소개합니다

AIGOLD entra em operação, apresentando o primeiro projeto de criptografia apoiado em ouro

AIGOLD запускается, представляя первый криптопроект, обеспеченный золотом

AIGOLD İlk Altın Destekli Kripto Projesini Tanıtarak Yayına Başladı

AIGOLD đi vào hoạt động, giới thiệu dự án tiền điện tử được hỗ trợ bằng vàng đầu tiên

AIGOLD 上线，推出首个以黄金为后盾的加密货币项目

Last week, Apple revealed its largest buyback program in history. Apple plans to repurchase $110 billion worth of its stock. This is not the first time Apple buys back its own shares. The previous record was set in 2018 when Apple announced a $100 billion buyback. Share buybacks are a part of Apple’s investment strategy. Specific numbers vary from quarter to quarter, but Apple is increasing the size of regular share repurchases over time. The fiscal second-quarter report indicated that Apple’s revenue declined by 4% year-over-year. The material decrease in product sales served as the key catalyst for the decline. Meanwhile, services revenue increased by 14.35%. Apple produces boatloads of cash and spends it on buybacks and dividends. The fiscal second-quarter report showed that payments for acquisition of property, plant, and equipment were almost 10 times smaller than repurchases of common stock in the last six months. Why? Apple has no big investment ideas, so it has to buy its own shares. Boosting investments in its core business, iPhone production, does not make much sense for Apple. There’s almost no room for growth without risking damaging the special status of the product, cheaper competitors are gaining market share, so it’s not surprising to see that Apple’s revenue from product sales is falling. Services, which benefit from Apple’s closed ecosystem, serve as the core of the investment thesis for the company’s stock. Importantly, the growth of services’ revenue does not require investments of the $110 billion magnitude. Interestingly, Apple is more than twice as big as Bitcoin in terms of market cap. At this point, investors are ready to pay more for a stagnating business with falling revenue than for an asset that represents the future of money. The finance world is conservative. Closing the gap between one of the most popular stocks and the world’s main crypto may take some time, which provides an excellent opportunity to build a crypto position at reasonable prices. Last week, Apple revealed its largest buyback program in history. Apple plans to repurchase $110 billion worth of its stock. revealed revealed This is not the first time Apple buys back its own shares. The previous record was set in 2018 when Apple announced a $100 billion buyback. Share buybacks are a part of Apple’s investment strategy. Specific numbers vary from quarter to quarter , but Apple is increasing the size of regular share repurchases over time. quarter to quarter quarter to quarter The fiscal second-quarter report indicated that Apple’s revenue declined by 4% year-over-year. The material decrease in product sales served as the key catalyst for the decline. Meanwhile, services revenue increased by 14.35%. fiscal second-quarter report fiscal second-quarter report Apple produces boatloads of cash and spends it on buybacks and dividends. The fiscal second-quarter report showed that payments for acquisition of property, plant, and equipment were almost 10 times smaller than repurchases of common stock in the last six months. Why? Apple has no big investment ideas, so it has to buy its own shares. Boosting investments in its core business, iPhone production, does not make much sense for Apple. There’s almost no room for growth without risking damaging the special status of the product, cheaper competitors are gaining market share, so it’s not surprising to see that Apple’s revenue from product sales is falling. Services, which benefit from Apple’s closed ecosystem, serve as the core of the investment thesis for the company’s stock. Importantly, the growth of services’ revenue does not require investments of the $110 billion magnitude. Interestingly, Apple is more than twice as big as Bitcoin in terms of market cap. At this point, investors are ready to pay more for a stagnating business with falling revenue than for an asset that represents the future of money. The finance world is conservative. Closing the gap between one of the most popular stocks and the world’s main crypto may take some time, which provides an excellent opportunity to build a crypto position at reasonable prices.

Apple Announces Record Buyback: the Company is Running Out of Investing Ideas

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Apple anuncia una recompra récord: la empresa se está quedando sin ideas de inversión

Apple annonce un rachat record : l'entreprise est à court d'idées d'investissement

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Apple anuncia recompra recorde: a empresa está ficando sem ideias de investimento

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